#bwr

[riconastyfan]

[crubex]

I made something silly last night partly based off of a Thomas fan story I really enjoyed c:

[reactor-four-official]

History of the RBMK 1000 (Reaktor Bolshoy Moschnosti Kanalnyy): High Power Channel Type Reactor

The RBMK 1000 reactor, the type involved in the Chernobyl Disaster, is a boiling water reactor (BWR) designed in the 1960s at the Kurchatov Institute, the Soviet Union's nuclear science center.

The USSR had placed a priority on developing nuclear power in the late 1950s in its never ending attempts to improve its infrastructure and power its rapidly expanding industrial base. Nuclear reactors are extremely effective at providing high baseload capacity to a power grid, since they are rarely switched off and (depending on the design) can generate enormous amounts of electricity for lower running costs than a more traditional hydrocarbon power plant. Essentially, since they are (almost) always on, they are always providing the grid with a large and extremely reliable supply of energy. It also allowed the USSR to appear at the front of atomic energy, and laude the successes of the ‘Peaceful Atom’. In the atmosphere of the Cold War, peaceful use of atomic power was a key propaganda tool at home and abroad.

The RBMK was selected for construction by the Ministry of Energy over the rival VVER Pressurized Water Reactor in 1968. It was chosen because it was cheaper to construct in terms of material costs, and the components could be mass produced in pre-existing factories for far lower cost. With an enormous power output of 1,000 MWe (megawatts of electricity) it was declared the 'National Reactor' of the USSR. Construction began on the first RBMK in 1970 at the Leningrad Atomic Energy Station. This unit entered service on December 21st, 1973.

Below: A labeled diagram of the core of an RBMK type reactor.

The RBMK 1000 and its successor RBMK-1500 (basically the same reactor with a slightly higher power output) was fraught with safety issues almost from its inception. This was related to several design features and quirks of the reactor, notably the abnormally high positive void coefficient due to steam bubbles in the coolant circuit and the use of graphite as a moderator. Several other even more concerning design flaws would become apparent over the course of its operation, culminating in the explosion of Chernobyl Unit 4 on April 26th, 1986. These revelations have even continued up until present day, with the most recent example being in 2012 when Leningrad Unit 1 (the one mentioned at the end of the previous section) had to be shut down for 18 months to replace graphite moderator blocks that had deformed due to heat and extensive use. This issue has been identified at several other RBMKs.

The reactor type experienced no less than two partial meltdowns in the history of its operation, one at the Leningrad plant and one at the Chernobyl plant (the partial meltdown incident at the Chernobyl plant is different from the explosion and complete meltdown of Unit 4 in 1986). Both of these were serious incidents with not insignificant radioactive releases, but they only partially damaged the respective reactors. The public was not notified in either case, and all information on the design flaws was kept secret by order of the USSR’s highly centralized government.

RBMK construction was halted only in the wake of the Chernobyl Disaster in 1986. Of the 26 reactors approved for construction, only 18 ever entered service. Several modifications were made to the existing RBMKs to eliminate the dangerous flaws that had lead to the 1986 accident. As of 2023, most RBMKs have been shut down and decommissioned. Of the 18 completed reactors, only eight still operate (Three at the Kursk NPP, two at the Leningrad NPP, and two at the Smolensk NPP. All but one of them are scheduled to be shut down and decommissioned by 2030).

The RBMK’s impact has primarily been showing that graphite moderated reactors have far fewer safety features than other water moderated reactors like those in the West. Ironically, the VVER which had been sidelined by the RBMK has enjoyed massive commercial success both in Russia and abroad as an exported design. VVERs are still being actively built and operated in about a dozen countries worldwide.

This is simply an informative blurb on the history of the RBMK-1000 nuclear reactor. I am going to make a more in depth explainer of how the reactor is built as well as an analysis of the physics of the accident at Chernobyl. I will update this post with a link to them when they are complete. My planned deadline is the 26th of April, the anniversary of the explosion. I hope this post has been informative and I am of course happy to answer any further questions and provide any requested information.

[ask-extended-daycares]

The Arcade Machine

Name: Balloon World Ruin "BWR" Eclipse

Pronouns: They/them

Personality: Skittish, very easy to startle, but just as easy to amuse and entertain. They only want to help, but, their predicament makes their life very fragile.

Likes: Sun, Moon, people, games

Dislikes: Theatre, anything related to theatre, employees

Additional: BWR's code is inside the arcade machine in Sun and Moon's room, Location B.

[reticent-fate]

gods help us we've been deep in the throes of a round of our transformers spin for like. a month now.

finally reading the idw comics.

desperately trying to smother the fictive printer like no no more robots please kthx (/hj)

anyways read the idw transformers comics idk they're pretty good or something

oh also watch animated and prime. g1 if you want a goldmine of shit to pull out of context.

-ku

[tsunamiviews]

♠️

[kehlanistuff]

like or reblog if you save

[w-oemn]

Wish I could build me a cute apartment. One-bedroom right where your heart is. Inch of space feels broken-hearted. Across the bed feels way too far and I wonder when they see just one, do they see us two?

- melt by kehlani

[hungerpunch]

from valtteri’s instagram stories 10/16/22

[riconastyoutfits]

[riconastyfan]

[crubex]

Truck Gang featuring Pumpkin Spice (2022)

[designatedgrape]

🎉 and ✅

Thank you for the ask, friend!

🎉 What leads you to consider a fic a success?

When I first started writing fic, it was so scary to post anything. I would literally wake up in the middle of the night the day after I'd posted and immediately check for comments and kudos. Super stressful, incredibly unhealthy. I've been writing for a while now, and I think the most freeing thing is writing for ships that don't get a lot of hits and fandoms that aren't as active anymore. I write for myself and for the fandom friends I've found, and if they like my fics, they are successful. The rest of the kudos and comments are just gravy.

✅ What's something that appears in your fics over and over and over again, even if you don't mean to?

Here's something I 100% mean to appear: FOOD. I love going to restaurants, but honestly, even more than the going, I like the researching. Finding new places, checking out the menu, thinking about what I'm going to order. When the characters in my fic go somewhere, I get to choose all that for them!! Most of the restaurants I mention in fics are real, and the food and drinks the characters order are really from the menu. Here are some:

BarChef (mentioned in Drink a toast to innocence, Drink a toast to now)

SMITH (mentioned in You were always going to be the one)

Brooks BBQ (mentioned in You are the only, only, only)

Trident Booksellers & Cafe (mentioned in a Check Please WIP 👀)

. . .

Fanfic Writer Emoji Ask! 🥰

[ocea]

Winners Announcement: Blue Water Road Awards.

Hello, beautiful humans. I am absolutely ecstatic to announce the winners for my Blue Water Road Awards.  Little Story - Blog Goals (Best Overall): @auxreate Any Given Sunday (feat. blxst) - Most Exquisite Posts: @leavingforever Shooter Interlude - Most Desirable URL: @greeniry Wish I Never - Most Innovative Theme & Theme Edits: @girlhy Up At Night (feat. Justin Bieber) - Cutest Colour Palette & Decor: @awksical Get Me Started (feat. Syd) - Most Iconic Icon: @thewhichwhichblog Everything Interlude - Promising Undiscovered (Best New Discovery): N/A More Than I Should (feat. Jessie Reyez) - Shooting Star (Best Under 5K): N/A Altar - Hidden Gem (Best Under 15K): N/A Melt - My Personal Favourite: @fearlessly-authentic Tangerine - Best Gold: @bronzher Everything - Best Light: N/A Wondering/Wandering - Best Mixed: @huricahne Congratulations to each of the BWR awards category winners! Thank you so much to everyone who participated! NB: I have been experiencing some technical issues with the awards page, y’all. So, I will link it in my nav when I am able to get that sorted out for y’all. 

[secondsofpleasure]

slightly off center / 10.2022

[tsunamiviews]

😍