#c. 260-c. 340

[jamesgraybooksellerworld]

A gigantic feat of erudition Eusebius' “Praeparitio” printed by Zel.

945G     Eusebius of Caesarea                  c. 260-c. 340 Eusebius Pa[m]phili de eua[n]gelica preparac[i]o[n]e ex greco in latinu[m] translatus Incipit feliciter.                [ Cologne, Ulrich Zel, not after 1473]                          $18,000 Folio 10 ¾  x 7 ¾  inches. [a]12, [b-o]10, [p]8      One of the earliest editions most likely the Second, (editio princeps : Venice 1470)  This…

[whencyclopedia]

Ptolemy II Philadelphus

Ptolemy II Philadelphus ("The Sibling Loving", r. 282-246 BCE) was the second ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. He consolidated the kingdom conquered by his father Ptolemy I and presided over its golden age. Ptolemy II invested heavily in Alexandria, overseeing the completion of the Library of Alexandria and the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Ptolemy II ruled through a combination of hard and soft power, influencing some states through diplomacy while funneling resources toward wars against his rivals in Africa, Asia, and Greece. The Ptolemaic kingdom reached its furthest extent during his reign. These efforts were funded by economic policies that increased Egypt's agricultural and financial output. With his sister-wife Arsinoe II Philadelphus, he instituted a cultural and religious program that solidified the Ptolemaic Dynasty as Egypt's divine rulers.

Youth & Succession

Ptolemy II was born in Kos in 308 or 309 BCE to Ptolemy I and Berenice I of Egypt, his third wife. Ptolemy II had a full-blooded sister, Arsinoe II (l. c. 318/311 to c. 270/268 BCE), and several half-siblings, many of whom were destined to rule themselves. On his father's side, his half-brothers Ptolemy Keraunos (also spelled Ceraunus, r. 281-279 BCE) and Meleager (r. 279 BCE) were each briefly king of Macedon, and his half-sister Lysandra was queen consort to Alexander V of Macedon (r. 297-294 BCE). On his mother's side, his half-brother Magas (r. 276-250 BCE) was king of Cyrene, and his half-sister Antigone was queen consort to Pyrrhus (c. 319-272 BCE).

Shortly after his birth, Ptolemy II and the rest of his family relocated to Alexandria, Egypt's capital. As a youth, Ptolemy II was tutored by some of the brightest minds of Greek literature and Greek philosophy, including Philetas of Cos (c. 340 to c. 385 BCE), Zenodotus of Ephesus (c. 325-260 BCE) the first head of the Library of Alexandria, and Strato of Lampascus (c. 340/330-269 BCE), director of the Lyceum. This educational background contributed to his patronage of the Library of Alexandria later in life.

Ptolemy I decided to pass over Ptolemy Keraunos, his firstborn son by his previous wife Eurydike, so that Ptolemy II could become regent. This decision may have been motivated by Berenice, who naturally wanted her own son to rule. Ptolemy II became co-ruler with his father around 284 BCE. This decision was contested by prominent figures in the Alexandrian court like Demetrius of Phalerum (c. 350-280 BCE), who supported the claims of Ptolemy I's older sons by Eurydike.

Upon Ptolemy I's death in 282 BCE, Ptolemy II became ruler of Egypt, Cyrene, Coele-Syria, Phoenicia, and Cyprus. Ptolemy II immediately set about strengthening his claim by removing all those who refused to acknowledge his rule. He executed two of his half-brothers who attempted to usurp him or stir up rebellion. Demetrius of Phalerum was exiled to Upper Egypt, where he died. Over the course of his reign, Ptolemy II would face challenges from his other brothers. However, Ptolemy Keraunos ended up relinquishing his claim to the Egyptian throne after attaining the Kingdom of Macedon in 281 BCE.

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[troybeecham]

Today, the Church honors St. Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist.

Ora pro nobis.

Matthew the Apostle (also known as Levi) was, according to the Bible, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and, according to Christian tradition, one of the four Gospel writers (Evangelists). Among the early followers and apostles of Jesus, Matthew is mentioned in Matthew 9:9 and Matthew 10:3 as a publican, or tax collector, who, while sitting at the "receipt of custom" in Capernaum, was called to follow Jesus. He is also listed among the twelve, but without identification of his background, in Mark 3:18, Luke 6:15 and Acts 1:13. In passages parallel to Matthew 9:9, both Mark 2:14 and Luke 5:27 describe Jesus' calling of the tax collector Levi, the son of Alphaeus, but Mark and Luke never explicitly equate this Levi with the Matthew named as one of the twelve.

We do not know much with certainty about Matthew himself beyond what is mentioned in the Scriptures. He was born some time in the 1st c. AD, probably in Galilee, and was the son of Alpheus. As a tax collector he would have had to have been literate in Hebrew Aramaic, Latin, and Greek. His fellow Jews would have despised him, and all tax collectors, for what was seen as collaborating with the Roman occupation force and being therefore a traitor.

According to the Gospel, Matthew was working at a collection booth in Capernaum when Christ came to him and asked, "Follow me." With this simple call, Matthew became a disciple of Christ. After his call, Matthew invited Jesus home for a feast. On seeing this, the Scribes and the Pharisees criticized Jesus for eating with tax collectors and sinners. This prompted Jesus to answer, "I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance." (Mark 2:17, Luke 5:32)

The New Testament records that as a disciple, he followed Jesus, and was one of the witnesses of the Resurrection and the Ascension of Jesus. Afterwards, the disciples withdrew to an upper room (Acts 1:10–14) (traditionally the Cenacle) in Jerusalem to await the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, after which the disciples remained in and about Jerusalem and proclaimed that Jesus was the promised Messiah, and performed many miracles. The Scriptures record that many came to the Faith, including a large number of priests.

In the Babylonian Talmud (Sanhedrin 43a) "Mattai" (a nickname for Matthew in Hebrew Aramaic) is named as one of five disciples of "Jeshu". Later Church fathers such as Irenaeus (Against Heresies 3.1.1) and Clement of Alexandria claim that Matthew preached the Gospel to the Jewish community in Judea, before going to other countries. Ancient writers are not agreed as to what these other countries are. The Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church each hold the tradition that Matthew died as a martyr. The Babylonian Talmud appears to report his execution in Sanhedrin 43a.

According to Church tradition, while preaching in Ethiopia, Matthew converted, and then consecrated to God, Ephigenia of Ethiopia, the virgin daughter of the Aethiopian King Egippus. When King Hirtacus succeeded Egippus, he asked the apostle if he could persuade Ephigenia, his neice, to marry him. Matthew thus invited King Hirtacus to a worship service the following Sunday where he rebuked the king for lusting after the girl, as had consecrated herself to God and therefore was the bride of Christ. The enraged King ordered his bodyguard to kill Matthew who stood at the altar, making him a martyr.

Early Church tradition holds that the Gospel of Matthew was written by the apostle Matthew, sometime between AD 40-51. This tradition is first attested, among the extant writings of the first and second centuries, with the early Christian bishop Papias of Hierapolis (c. AD 60–163), who is cited by the Church historian Eusebius (AD 260–340), as follows:

"Matthew collected the sayings of or about Jesus in the Hebrew Aramaic language, and each one interpreted them as best he could." Likewise, early Christian theologian Origen (c. 184–c. 253) indicates that the first gospel was written by Matthew, and that his gospel was composed in Hebrew Aramaic near Jerusalem for Hebrew Christians, which he then translated it into Greek. The Hebrew Aramaic original was kept at the Library of Caesarea. Sometime in the late fourth or early fifth century, the Nazarene Community transcribed a copy for Jerome, which he used in his work. This Gospel was called the Gospel according to the Hebrews or sometimes the Gospel of the Apostles, and it was once believed that it was the original to the 'Greek Matthew' found in the Bible.

We thank you, heavenly Father, for the witness of your apostle and evangelist Matthew to the Gospel of your Son our Savior, Jesus; and we pray that, after his example, we may with ready wills and hearts obey the calling of our Lord to follow him; through the same Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever.

Amen.

[howzitsa]

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[moleculardepot]

Rabbit Polyclonal Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase AOAH (260-340) Antibody

Rabbit Polyclonal Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase AOAH (260-340) Antibody Catalog number: B2020502 Lot number: Batch Dependent Expiration Date: Batch dependent Amount: 100 uL Molecular Weight or Concentration: N/A Supplied as: Liquid Applications: molecular tool for various biochemical applications Storage: -20°C Keywords: Rabbit Polyclonal Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase AOAH (260-340) Antibody Grade: Biotechnology…

[fcb4]

From my sermon on Revelation chapters 6-7

The History of Eschatological Views (End Times.

“…many who belong to the pure and pious faith, and are true Christians, think otherwise.” -Justin Martyr (2nd century)

“Full-length commentaries from the first three centuries of the church have not survived for us to examine, with the exception of that of Victorinus of Pettau (early 4th century d. 303), which seems to have come down to us in a form altered from its original state. We know that Melito of Sardis (later second century 170), Irenaeus (late second century 180), and Hippolytus of Rome (early third century 220) all wrote complete commentaries on Revelation, but none of these have survived to the present.

There are fragments of exposition on Revelation to be found in Justin Martyr (d.165), Melito, Irenaeus, Hippolytus, and other early fathers. In his writings, Tertullian (d. 220) quoted from eighteen of the twenty-two chapters.

We do not have access to much that was written in the first four centuries of the church, and a large variety of interpretations may have been held for which no documentation has survived.”

Justin Martyr(2nd century) (a Chiliastic(kill-e-asm) premillennialist), writing on this very subject, left clear testimony to the presence in his day of alternative viewpoints in the church.

In his Dialogue With Trypho, Justin wrote:

“I am not so miserable a fellow, Trypho, as to say one thing and think another. I admitted to you formerly, that I and many others are of this opinion premillennialism and believe that such will take place, as you assuredly are aware; but on the other hand, I signified to you that many who belong to the pure and pious faith, and are true Christians, think otherwise.”

There are two principal varieties of premillennialism:

Historic premillennialism and dispensational premillennialism or, simply, dispensationalism. The latter differs from the former in its emphasis on the continuing centrality of national Israel in God's eschatological program and in anticipating a Rapture of Christians to heaven before the beginning of the Tribulation.

A. 100-200's: premillennialism (chiliasm)

Promoters: Papias (60-130 AD), Polycarp (70-155 AD), Justin Martyr (100-165 AD), Ireneaus (130-202 AD),

B. 200's -1700's: Amillennialism

Promoters: Origen (185-254 AD), Eusebius (260-340 AD), Augustine (400) - Luther (1500), Calvin, et al.

C. 1700's-1900's: Postmillennialism

Promoters: Daniel Whitby, Jonathan Edwards, B.B. Warfield

D. 1830 - present: Dispensationalism(futurist)

Promoters: J.N. Darby, C. I. Scofield, Lewis S. Chaffer, Walvoord, Charles Ryrie, Hal Lindsey, Jerry B. Jenkins and Tim LaHaye, Chuck Smith, Greg Laurie (Calvary Chapels, Pentectostal/Charismatic/Baptist)

-Steve Gregg/Revelation- Four Views

[greekcookingmadeeasy]

“Snow-White” Moist Cake With Fluffy Sponge And Coconut

❄️

“Snow-White” Moist Cake with Fluffy sponge and Coconut - Apithani Tourta Hionoula me fantastikes yefseis

BY: Greek Cooking Made Easy                          

SUBSCRIBE TO MY YOUTUBE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/greekcookingmadeeasy

                                                 

Check My YouTube Video: HERE

 

Κοιτάξτε Επίσης Την Συνταγή Μου Σε YouTube Βίντεο, Το Λίνκ Είναι: ΕΔΩ

 

SERVES  🍴⃒     PREP. TIME 🕔⃒

12-16 pers.      50 min-1 h + 1 day & 6 hrs wait

COOK. TIME ♨   DIFFIC. LEVEL 👩‍🍳⃒

Cake: 30 min.                  Medium

Cream: 10 min.

Syrup: 5 min.

Welcome back to my kitchen dear friends.

Today I will show you a dessert that I just finished. It's special and simply marvelous and everyone in Greece loves it. It's the renowned "Hionoula" (Snow White) cake. 

This cake could be prepared all year round for many occasions, but I have actually prepared it for the Holiday season.

You probably understand why: it's because it is a completely white cake, filled with coconut that resembles snow, hence its special name.

So let me show you how to prepare it as well. 

Suitable for lacto-ovo Vegetarians

Looking for other celebration cakes? Find them all HERE 

INGREDIENTS

Ingredients for the sponge cake:

·      1.25 cups / 155 gr. / 5.5 oz Self-rising Flour, sifted

·      2/3 cup / 150 gr. / 5.5 oz Sugar

·      5 large Eggs at room temperature

·      3 tbsp. / 18 gr. / 0.6 oz Coconut, shavings (flakes-finely grated)

·      8 gr. / 0.3 oz / 2 tsp. Vanilla Sugar

·      ½ tsp. Salt

 

Ingredients for the Pastry Cream:

·      1 lt. / 4 cups Fresh whole fat Milk, warmed up!

·      63 gr. / 2.2 oz / 5 tbsp. Sugar

·      75 gr. / 2.6 oz / 6 tbsp. Corn Flour

·      1/2 cup / 40 gr. / 1.4 oz Coconut shavings (flakes-finely grated)

·      3.5 tbsp. / 50 gr. / 1.75 oz Good Butter, at room temperature

·      8 gr. / 0.3 oz / 2 tsp. Vanilla Sugar

·      About 3/4 cup / 70 gr. / 2.5 oz blanched Almonds, roasted, finely chopped

 

Ingredients for the Syrup:

·      1.5 cup / 375 ml Water

·      1.5 cup / 340 gr. / 12 oz Sugar

·      Optional: 1 shot Malibu Liqueur (or more)

Ingredients for garnishing:

·      500 ml / 260 gr. / 9 oz Store-bought Whipped Cream

·      100 gr. / 3.5 oz Coconut shavings (flakes-finely grated)

·      Optional for Xmas: Plenty of Chocolate Snow balls and some Xmas Candy flakes

 

METHOD:

A.    Start by preparing the sponge cake (the day before):

1.     Crack the eggs in the bowl of a strong electric mixer. Beat them in high speed for 5' or until they become white and fluffy, adding the sugar and vanilla. 

2.     After about 5' the egg mixture should be ready!

3.     Add the salt and then gradually fold the sifted flour spoon by spoon into the egg mix, blending it gently and slowly in. You don't want the cake dough to deflate!

4.     Stop the mixer and using a soft spatula add the coconut shavings reserved for the cake, stirring gently to blend them in.

5.     Line the bottom of a round spring form (with side opening) of 26 cm / 10 in. with parchment paper. Brush or spray the form with oil.

6.     Tip the sponge cake dough into the form and then thump it gently over the counter to level it. It is now ready to be baked.

 

B.    Baking instructions:

7.     Place the form on the middle shelf of a preheated oven, top / bottom heat elements on = @ 180℃ / 350℉, and bake for about 30' (depends on the oven).

8.     After 30', test if the cake is baked through by inserting a long toothpick in its center. It needs to come out clean!

9.     Now place the form on the kitchen bench so that the cake cools down completely.

10.  The cake should look fluffy and light. Remove the form. Store it with its parchment paper in the fridge, in a plastic bag, until the next day.

11.  Tip: You could prepare the sponge cake ahead of time, and store it in a plastic bag either in the fridge for 1 week or in the freezer for 1 month.

 

C.     Prepare the Pastry cream:

12.  Place a saucepan over low heat. Pour 750 ml (3 cups) of the warm milk in the pan.

13.  Keep the heat very low to prevent the milk from getting burned at the bottom of the pan, stirring regularly.

14.  Place the rest of the warm milk (1 cup) in a jug. Add the sugar followed by the vanilla and corn flour and whisk to dissolve them in the milk.

15.  Immediately and before the heated milk over the stove starts to boil, pour gently the milk with dissolved corn flour into it. Whisk to blend all ingredients well.

16.  Stay on top of the stove and stir constantly. Slowly let the cream come to a boil and set, stirring continuously!!

17.  When the cream starts to boil and curdle, turn off the heat. Add the butter in it and whisk to help it melt in the cream.

18.  Now add in the coconut shavings reserved for the cream, blending them in.

19.  Let the cream cool down well, covered with plastic wrap attached to it, in the fridge, for at least 3 hours.

 

D.    Prepare the syrup:

20.  In a saucepan over medium-high heat, add both ingredients for the syrup and bring to a boil.

21.  Reduce heat and when sugar dissolves and syrup becomes translucent, simmer it slowly for 3', stirring regularly.

22.  Turn off the heat.

23.  Optionally, but highly recommended, pour now in the Malibu liqueur shot and stir to blend it in.

24.  Leave the syrup aside to cool well. Syrup must be cool when poured over the cake layers!

 

E.     Assemble the cake:

25.  Bring sponge cake from the fridge. With a sharp, large knife cut it horizontally in half. It's much easier to cut it chilled from the fridge.

26.  Place the 1st layer of the sponge cake on a nice, round platter (flat side facing up). 

27.  With a ladle, pour 1/2 of the cool syrup on top and all around the bottom cake layer.

28.  Next spread 1/2 of the chilled pastry cream on top of the cake layer, levelling its surface as much as possible.

29.  Sprinkle the roasted chopped almonds on top, followed by the remaining 1/2 pastry cream.

30.  Level its surface very well before placing the other 1/2 cake layer on top.

31.  Drizzle the rest of syrup on top.

 

F.     Garnish and finish the cake:

32.  Pour the thick whipped cream on top of the cake. With your spatula, spread it to cover well the top and sides of the cake, straightening it.

33.  To finish, sprinkle the coconut shavings reserved for garnishing, all around the cake. They should easily stick on the whipped cream.

34.  Optionally, if you prepare the cake for the Holiday Season like me, you could decorate by placing chocolate snow balls all around it and a few in the middle and by sprinkling some Christmas candy flakes on top.

35.  Place cake in the fridge for 2 hours at least to set and chill, before serving.

 

G. Serving suggestions:

Serve the Snow white cake chilled from the fridge.

Rich, marvelous to look at and what about its taste.

I do love coconuts in any form or shape because of their slightly sweet flavor, creamy taste that could be described as mildly nutty and their exotic undertones.

"Hionoula" has a fluffy, syrupy sponge cake topped with a rich pastry cream filled with coconuts, a crispy bite from the almonds and a buttery, lavish whipped cream finish. Simply a result to die for.

This cake is undoubtedly the full works! Worth trying 100%!

Make it any time of year and for any occasion like: Valentine's day, Birthday, Name day, Mother's Day, Baptism, Anniversary or even as a Wedding cake, owing to its white color.

H. Storage info:

Leftover Cake can be stored, covered in the fridge, for up to 3 days; after that it becomes stale. In the freezer, you could store it for up to 1 month.

 

Check my YouTube Video: HERE

Απίθανη Τούρτα Χιονούλα με φανταστικές γεύσεις

BY: Greek Cooking Made Easy                          

SUBSCRIBE TO MY YOUTUBE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/greekcookingmadeeasy

 

ΜΕΡΙΔΕΣ🍴⃒   ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ 🕔⃒

12-16          50 min-1 h + 1 μέρα & 6h αναμονή 

ΜΑΓΕΙΡΕΜΑ ♨  ΒΑΘΜ. ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑΣ 👩‍🍳⃒

Παντεσπάνι: 30 min.

Κρέμα: 10 min.

Σιρόπι:  5 min.                         Μέτρια

Καλώς ήρθατε και πάλι στην κουζίνα μου αγαπημένοι μου φίλοι.

Σήμερα θα σας δείξω ένα γλυκό που μόλις τελείωσα. Είναι ξεχωριστό και απλά υπέροχο και την λατρεύουμε όλοι στην Ελλάδα. Είναι η περίφημη τούρτα «Χιονούλα».

Αυτό το γλύκισμα θα μπορούσε να ετοιμαστεί όλο το χρόνο για πολλ��ς διαφορετικές γιορτές, αλλά εγώ εδώ το έχω ετοιμάσει για την περίοδο των Γιορτών.

Μάλλον μπορείτε να καταλάβετε γιατί: είναι επειδή είναι μια ολόλευκη τούρτα, γεμάτη με καρύδα που θυμίζει χιόνι, εξ ου και η ιδιαίτερη ονομασία της.

Ελάτε λοιπόν και πάμε να σας δείξω πώς να τη φτιάξετε κι εσείς.

Κατάλληλη για χορτοφάγους.

Ψάχνετε γι άλλες ιδέες/συνταγές για Τούρτες? Δείτε τις όλες ΕΔΩ

ΥΛΙΚΑ

Υλικά για το παντεσπάνι:

• 1,25 φλ. / 155 γρ. / 5,5 oz Αλεύρι που φουσκώνει μόνο του, κοσκινισμένο

• 2/3 φλ. / 150 γρ. / 5,5 oz Ζάχαρη

• 5 μεγάλα Αυγά σε θερμοκρασία δωματίου

• 3 κ.σ. / 18 γρ. / 0,6 oz Καρύδα, αποξηραμένη, τριμμένη

• 8 γρ. / 0,3 oz / 2 κ.γ. Βανίλια σκόνη, βανιλίνη

• ½ κ.γ. Αλάτι

 

Υλικά για την κρέμα Πατισερί:

• 1 lt. / 4 φλ. Φρέσκο ​​Γάλα πλήρες, ζεστό!

• 63 γρ. / 2,2 oz / 5 κ.σ. Ζάχαρη

• 75 γρ. / 2,6 oz / 6 κ.σ. Κορν φλάουρ

• 1/2 φλ. / 40 γρ. / 1,4 oz Καρύδα, αποξηραμένη, τριμμένη

• 3,5 κ.σ. / 50 γρ. / 1,75 oz Βούτυρο καλό, σε θερμοκρασία δωματίου

• 8 γρ. / 0,3 oz / 2 κ.γ. Βανίλια σκόνη, βανιλίνη

• Περίπου 3/4 φλ. / 70 γρ. / 2,5 oz Αμύγδαλα ασπρισμένα, καβουρδισμένα, ψιλοκομμένα

 

Υλικά για το σιρόπι:

• 1,5 φλ. / 375 ml Νερό

• 1,5 φλ. / 340 γρ. / 12 oz Ζάχαρη

• Προαιρετικά: 1 σφηνάκι λικέρ Malibu (ή και παραπάνω)

 

Υλικά για το γαρνίρισμα:

• 500 ml / 260 γρ. / 9 oz Σαντιγί έτοιμη (αγορασμένη)

• 100 γρ. / 3,5 oz Καρύδα, αποξηραμένη, τριμμένη

• Προαιρετικά για τα Χριστούγεννα: Πολλές σοκολατένιες χιονόμπαλες και μερικές χριστουγεννιάτικες νιφάδες από καραμελίτσες

 

ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ:

Α. Ξεκινήστε ετοιμάζοντας το παντεσπάνι (την προηγούμενη μέρα):

1. Σπάστε τα αυγά στο μπολ ενός δυνατού ηλεκτρικού μίξερ. Χτυπήστε τα με το σύρμα σε δυνατή ταχύτητα για 5' ή μέχρι να ασπρίσουν και να αφρατέψουν προσθέτοντας τη ζάχαρη και τη βανίλια.

2. Μετά από 5' περίπου το μείγμα των αυγών πρέπει να είναι έτοιμο!

3. Προσθέστε το αλάτι και μετά διπλώστε σταδιακά το κοσκινισμένο αλεύρι κουταλιά κουταλιά στο μείγμα των αυγών, ανακατεύοντάς το απαλά και πολύ αργά μέσα. Δεν θέλετε να ξεφουσκώσει η ζύμη!

4. Σταματήστε το μίξερ και χρησιμοποιώντας μια μαλακή σπάτουλα προσθέστε τα τρίμματα καρύδας που φυλάξατε για το παντεσπάνι, ανακατεύοντας απαλά ίσα ίσα να ενσωματωθούν.

5. Επενδύστε με λαδόκολλα το πάτο μιας στρογγυλής φόρμας με ελατήριο (με πλευρικό άνοιγμα-τσέρκι) των 26 cm / 10 in. Αλείψτε ή ψεκάστε όλη τη φόρμα με λάδι.

6. Χύστε τη ζύμη για το παντεσπάνι μέσα στη φόρμα και μετά χτυπήστε την απαλά πάνω στο πάγκο για να ισιώσει. Τώρα είναι έτοιμο για ψήσιμο.

 

Β. Οδηγίες ψησίματος:

7. Τοποθετήστε τη φόρμα στο μεσαίο ράφι ενός προθερμασμένου φούρνου, στις πάνω/κάτω αντιστάσεις = @ 180℃ / 350℉, και ψήστε το παντεσπάνι για περίπου 30' (εξαρτάται από τον φούρνο).

8. Μετά από 30' δοκιμάστε αν έχει ψηθεί βάζοντας μια μακριά οδοντογλυφίδα στο κέντρο του. Πρέπει να βγαίνει καθαρή!

9. Τώρα τοποθετήστε τη φόρμα στον πάγκο της κουζίνας ώστε το παντεσπάνι να κρυώσει εντελώς.

10. Το παντεσπάνι πρέπει να φαίνεται αφράτο, φουσκωτό και ελαφρύ. Αφαιρέστε τη φόρμα. Φυλάξτε το με τη λαδόκολλα του στο ψυγείο, σε πλαστική σακούλα, μέχρι την επόμενη μέρα.

11. Συμβουλή: Θα μπορούσατε να ετοιμάσετε το παντεσπάνι από πολύ πριν, και να το φυλάξετε σε πλαστική σακούλα είτε στο ψυγείο για 1 εβδομάδα ή στην κατάψυξη για 1 μήνα.

 

Γ. Ετοιμάστε την κρέμα Πατισερί:

12. Τοποθετήστε μια κατσαρόλα πάνω από χαμηλή φωτιά. Ρίξτε 750 ml (3 φλιτζάνια) από το ζεστό γάλα στη κατσαρόλα.

13. Κρατήστε τη φωτιά πολύ χαμηλή για να μην σας πιάσει το γάλα στον πάτο της κατσαρόλας, ανακατεύοντας τακτικά.

14. Βάλτε το υπόλοιπο ζεστό γάλα (1 φλιτζάνι) σε μια κανάτα. Προσθέστε τη ζάχαρη και μετά τη βανίλια και το κορν φλάουρ και ανακατέψτε με το σύρμα να διαλυθούν στο γάλα.

15. Αμέσως και πριν αρχίσει να βράζει το γάλα που ζεσταίνεται στη φωτιά, ρίξτε μέσα απαλά το γάλα με το διαλυμένο κορν φλάουρ. Ανακατέψτε καλά όλα τα υλικά.

16. Μείνετε πάνω από την εστία και ανακατεύετε συνεχώς. Αφήστε σιγά σιγά την κρέμα να πάρει μια βράση και να δέσει, ανακατεύοντας συνέχεια!!

17. Μόλις η κρέμα αρχίσει να βράζει και να πήζει, σβήστε τη φωτιά. Προσθέστε το βούτυρο και ανακατέψτε να λιώσει μέσα στην κρέμα.

18. Τώρα προσθέστε τα τρίμματα καρύδας που προορίζονται για την κρέμα, ανακατεύοντάς να ενσωματωθούν.

19. Αφήστε την κρέμα να κρυώσει καλά, σκεπασμένη με εφαπτόμενη πλαστική μεμβράνη, στο ψυγείο, για τουλάχιστον 3 ώρες.

 

Δ. Ετοιμάστε το σιρόπι:

20. Σε ένα κατσαρόλι πάνω από μέτρια προς δυνατή φωτιά προσθέστε και τα δύο υλικά για το σιρόπι και αφήστε να πάρουν μια βράση.

21. Χαμηλώστε τη φωτιά και μόλις διαλυθεί η ζάχαρη και γίνει διάφανο το σιρόπι, σιγοβράστε το για 3' ανακατεύοντας τακτικά.

22. Σβήστε τη φωτιά.

23. Προαιρετικά, αλλά συνιστάται ανεπιφύλακτα, ρίξτε τώρα το σφηνάκι λικέρ Malibu και ανακατέψτε καλά για να αναμειχθεί.

24. Αφήστε το σιρόπι στην άκρη να κρυώσει καλά. Το σιρόπι πρέπει να είναι δροσερό όταν το περιχύσετε πάνω στο παντεσπάνι!

 

Ε. Συναρμολογήστε τη Τούρτα:

25. Φέρτε το παντεσπάνι από το ψυγείο. Με ένα κοφτερό, μεγάλο μαχαίρι κόψτε το οριζόντια στη μέση. Είναι πολύ πιο εύκολο να το κόψετε όταν είναι παγωμένο από το ψυγείο.

26. Τοποθετήστε την 1η στρώση παντεσπάνι σε μια ωραία, στρογγυλή πιατέλα (με την επίπεδη πλευρά του προς τα πάνω).

27. Με μια κουτάλα περιχύστε από πάνω και γύρω γύρω το 1/2 από το δροσερό σιρόπι.

28. Στη συνέχεια απλώστε τη 1/2 από τη παγωμένη κρέμα πατισερί από πάνω, ισιώνοντας όσο το δυνατόν περισσότερο την επιφάνειά της.

29. Πασπαλίστε από πάνω τα καβουρδισμένα ψιλοκομμένα αμύγδαλα και μετά την υπόλοιπη 1/2 κρέμα.

30. Ισιώστε πολύ καλά την επιφάνειά πριν βάλετε από πάνω το δεύτερο 1/2 στρώμα παντεσπάνι.

31. Περιχύστε από πάνω του το υπόλοιπο σιρόπι.

 

Ζ. Γαρνίρετε και τελειώστε τη Τούρτα:

32. Ρίξτε την πλούσια σαντιγί πάνω από το γλύκισμα. Με τη σπάτουλα σας απλώστε τη να καλύψει καλά το πάνω μέρος και τα πλαϊνά, ισιώνοντάς την.

33. Για να τελειώσετε, πασπαλίστε τα τρίμματα καρύδας που προορίζονται για το γαρνίρισμα, γύρω γύρω αλλά και πάνω από τη τούρτα. Πρέπει να κολλάνε εύκολα πάνω στη σαντιγί.

34. Προαιρετικά, αν ετοιμάζετε την τούρτα για την Γιορταστική περίοδο όπως εγώ, μπορείτε να τη διακοσμήσετε βάζοντας γύρω γύρω μερικές σοκολατένιες χιονόμπαλες αλλά και στη μέση και πασπαλίζοντας από πάνω μερικές χριστουγεννιάτικες νιφάδες καραμέλας.

35. Βάλτε τη τούρτ�� στο ψυγείο για τουλάχιστον 2 ώρες να δέσει και να παγώσει, πριν τη σερβίρετε.

 

Η. Προτάσεις σερβιρίσματος:

Σερβίρετε τη Τούρτα Χιονούλα παγωμένη από το ψυγείο.

Πλούσια, θαυμάσια σε εμφάνιση και τι να σας πω για τη γεύση της.

Λατρεύω τη καρύδα σε οποιαδήποτε μορφή ή σχήμα λόγω της ελαφρώς γλυκιάς, κρεμώδους γεύσης της που θα μπορούσε να περιγραφεί ως ήπια γεύση από ξηρούς καρπούς αλλά και εξωτική χροιά.

Η Χιονούλα έχει αφράτο, σιροπιαστό παντεσπάνι με πλούσια κρέμα Πατισερί γεμάτη καρύδα, τραγανή μπουκιά από τα αμύγδαλα και βουτυρώδες, πλούσιο φινίρισμα από σαντιγί.

Απλά ένα εκπληκτικό, θεϊκό γλύκισμα. Αξίζει να τη δοκιμάσετε 100%!

Φτιάξτε τη οποιαδήποτε εποχή του χρόνου και για κάθε περίσταση όπως: Ημέρα του Αγίου Βαλεντίνου, Γενέθλια, Ονομαστική Γιορτή, Γιορτή της Μητέρας, Βάπτιση, Επέτειο ή ακόμα και σα τούρτα για γάμο, λόγω του ολόλευκου χρώματός της.

 

Θ. Πληροφορίες φύλαξης:

Η Τούρτα που απομένει μπορεί να φυλαχτεί σκεπασμένη στο ψυγείο για έως και 3 ημέρες- μετά θα μπαγιατέψει. Στην κατάψυξη, μπορείτε να τη φυλάξετε για έως και 1 μήνα.

   

Κοιτάξτε επίσης την συνταγή μου σε YouTube βίντεο, το λίνκ είναι: ΕΔΩ

[speedywonderlandtrash]

৮ম শ্রেণির গণিত বার্ষিক পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতি পর্ব ৫ || Class 8 Math Annual Exam Preparation Part 5

Class 8 Math Annual Exam Preparation

  ৮ম শ্রেণির গণিত বার্ষিক পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতি টিপস এবং কৌশল,৮ম শ্রেণির গণিত পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ টপিকস এবং সমাধান,৮ম শ্রেণির গণিত বার্ষিক পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতি পর্ব ৫ ভিডিও টিউটোরিয়াল,৮ম শ্রেণি গণিত প্রস্তুতির জন্য সেরা কৌশল ও গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন,বাংলাদেশে ৮ম শ্রেণির গণিত পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতি সমাধান এবং গাইড,Class 8 Math annual exam preparation tips and important topics for success,Class 8 math exam preparation guide with key topics and solutions   গণিত সময় : ৩ ঘণ্টা          অষ্টম শ্রেণি    পূর্ণমান : ১০০ ক বিভাগ : নৈর্ব্যক্তিক (২৫ নম্বর) বহুনির্বাচনি প্রশ্ন : (সঠিক উত্তরটি খাতায় লিখ)      ১ × ১৫ = ১৫ ১.       শেণিকক্ষের দৈর্ঘ্য, প্রস্থ অপেক্ষা ২ ফুট বেশি। প্রস্থ x ফুট হলে দৈর্ঘ্য কত? (ক) 2x ফুট (খ) 2 - x ফুট (গ) x + 2 ফুট      (ঘ) x - 2 ফুট ২.      নিচের কোনটি ঘনকের আয়তন সূত্র? (ক) V = (খ) V = (গ) V = 3l (ঘ) V = ৩.      ১২% হার মুনাফায় কত টাকার ৩ বছরের মুনাফা ৩৬ টাকা হবে?          (ক) ১৫০ টাকা         (খ) ১০০ টাকা (গ) ৬০০ টাকা         (ঘ) ৫৫০ টাকা ৪.       সময়কাল ১ বছর হলে মুনাফা নির্ণয়ের সূত্র কোনটি? (ক) I = Pnr       (খ) I = Pr (গ) frac{Pn}{r} (ঘ) frac{Pr}{n} ৫.      প্রথম বছরান্তে চক্রবৃদ্ধি মূলধনের (১ + r) এর সূচক কত? (ক) ২ (খ) ১ (গ) ০ (ঘ) n ৬.      নিচের কোন বিন্দুটি x-অক্ষের উপর অবস্থিত?      (ক) (0,1)     (খ) (1,1) (গ) (0, - 1) (ঘ) (2, 0) ৭.       স্থানাঙ্কের মাধ্যমে বিন্দুর অবস্থান প্রকাশের পদ্ধতি প্রবর্তন করেন কে? (ক) ইউক্লিড (খ) নিউটন (গ) লিবনিজ  (ঘ) রেনে দেকার্তে ৮.      (- 2, 4) ও (4, 6) বিন্দুদ্বয়ের মধ্যবিন্দুর কোটি কত? (ক) 2 (খ) - 2 (গ) - 5      (ঘ) 5 নিচের চিত্র হতে ৯ ও ১০ নং প্রশ্নের উত্তর দাও :

৯.      AB = CD হলে, AB ও CD এর মধ্যবর্তী দূরত্ব কত? (ক) 4 cm  (খ) 2 cm (গ) cm (ঘ) cm         ৮ম শ্রেণির গণিত বার্ষিক পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতি পর্ব 4 ১০.    OC এর মান কত? (ক) 5 cm (খ) cm (গ) cm (ঘ) কোনোটিই নয় ১১.      এর বাইনারি কত? (ক)   (খ)   (গ)   (ঘ)   ১২.     11101 ও 10010 এর বিয়োগফল কত? (ক) 1111 (খ) 1010 (গ) 1011 (ঘ) 110 ১৩.    পরিসর 110 এবং শ্রেণিসংখ্যা 10 হলে, শ্রেণি ব্যবধান কত? (ক) 10                  (খ) 11 (গ) 12                   (ঘ) 13 ১৪.     1 থেকে 19 পর্যন্ত মৌলিক সংখ্যাগুলোর গড় নিচের কোনটি? (ক) 9.625 (খ) 10.625 (গ) 14.625 (ঘ) 15.625 ১৫.     - 5 থেকে 5 পর্যন্ত পূর্ণসংখ্যাগুলোর মধ্যক কত? (ক) - 5               (খ) - 1 (গ) 0 (ঘ) 5 এক কথায় উত্তর দাও :       ১ × ১০ = ১০ ১৬.    ঘনকের দৈর্ঘ্য, প্রস্থ ও উচ্চতা কেমন? ১৭.     2 একক দৈর্ঘ্যের বর্গাকার শোকেসের আয়তন কত? ১৮.    শুধু মুনাফা বলতে কী বুঝায়? ১৯.    যে মূলধন নিয়ে শুরু করা হয় তা কী ধরণের মূলধন? ২০.    চতুর্থ চতুর্ভাগে কোটি, y - এর মান কেমন? ২১.     (4, 6) এবং (- 8, 4) বিন্দুদ্বয়ের দূরত্ব কত? ২২.    বৃত্তের উপচাপে দন্ডায়মান বৃত্তস্থ কোণের পরিমাপ কেমন? ২৩.    বাইনারি সংখ্যা পদ্ধতিতে কয়টি অঙ্ক ব্যবহার করা হয়? ২৪.     অবিন্যস্ত উপাত্ত থেকে সিদ্ধান্ত গ্রহণে আমাদের কী করতে হবে? ২৫.    আয়তলেখে অনুভূমিক বা x অক্ষ বরাবর কী থাকে? খ বিভাগ : সংক্ষিপ্ত ও রচনামূলক (৭৫ নম্বর) ১।      নিচের প্রশ্নগুলোর উত্তর দাও :       ২ ১৩ = ২৬ (ক)    xy + z - 3 এর ঘন নির্ণয় করো। (খ)     5 ও 3 এর লসাগু এবং 53 ও 33 এর লসাগু নির্ণয় কর। (গ)     বার্ষিক শতকরা ১০ টাকা মুনাফায় ৫০০০ টাকার ৩ বছরের চক্রবৃদ্ধি মুনাফা বের করো। (ঘ)     রায়হান ২০ হাজার টাকা ৭ বছরের জন্য ব্যাংকে জমা রাখল। যদি মুনাফা হার ৮% হয়, তবে সে কত মুনাফা পাবে? (ঙ)    শরিফা ৭০ হাজার টাকা ৮% মুনাফা হারে ব্যাংকে জমা রাখল। ৬ বছর পরে কত টাকা মুনাফা পাবে? (চ)     (0, 0) এবং (- 7, - 3) বিন্দুগামী সরলরেখার সমীকরণ নির্ণয় করো। (ছ)     মূলবিন্দু ও P (- 4, - 2) বিন্দুগামী সরলরেখার সমীকরণ নির্ণয় করো। (জ)    প্রমাণ কর যে, যে কোনো চতুর্ভুজের বিপরীত কোণদ্বয়ের সমষ্টি 1800 বা দুই সমকোণ হলে, চতুর্ভুজটির শীর্ষবিন্দুগুলো সমবৃত্ত হবে। (ঝ)  

          O বৃত্তের কেন্দ্র। ACB বৃত্তাংশের ক্ষেত্রফল নির্ণয় করো। (ঞ)   2351 দশভিত্তিক সংখ্যার 10's Complement নির্ণয় করো। (ট)      কে  দ্বারা গুণ করো। (ঠ)     20 টি পরিবারের দৈনিক বাজার খরচ দেওয়া হলো :      257, 152, 358, 425, 192, 283, 170, 326, 252, 246, 228, 340, 375, 400, 327, 290, 260, 310, 350, 268           শ্রেণিসংখ্যা ৬ এবং শ্রেণিব্যবধান 50 ধরে প্রদত্ত উপাত্তের গণসংখ্যা সারণি তৈরি করো। (ড)    নিচে একটি গণসংখ্যা নিবেশন সারণি দেওয়া হলো : শ্রেণিব্যাপ্তি 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 গণসংখ্যা 5 6 7 4 3             প্রদত্ত তথ্যের প্রচুরক নির্ণয় করো। রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন (দৃশ্যপটনির্ভর) : (১০টি থেকে ৭টি প্রশ্নের উত্তর দিতে হবে। প্রতিটি প্রশ্নের মান ৭)    ৭ × ৭ = ৪৯ ২। (i) (a3 + b3) = (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2)    (ii) (a - b - c)3 = a3 - b3 - c3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 - 3b2c    - 3bc2 - 3a2c + 3ac2 + 6abc.  (ক)   দ্বিপদী ও ত্রিপদী রাশির ঘন এর সূত্র থেকে বীজগাণিতিক নিয়ম ব্যবহার করে (i) নং সূত্রটি প্রমাণ করো। ২ (খ)     দ্বিপদী ও ত্রিপদী রাশির ঘন এর সূত্র থেকে বীজগাণিতিক নিয়ম ব্যবহার করে (ii) নং সূত্রটি প্রমাণ করো। ২ (গ)     a = 8, b = 5 I c = 3 হলে (ii) নং সূত্রটি প্রমাণ করো।   ৩ ৩।     ইনসা ও ওয়াসিরের 25 সেন্টিমিটার ও 45 সেন্টিমিটার দৈর্ঘ্যবিশিষ্ট দুইটি ঘনক আকৃতির বক্স আছে যাতে তারা চকলেট রাখে। চকলেটগুলোও ঘনাকার। (ক)    কোন কোন আকৃতির চকলেট দ্বারা তারা দুইটি বক্সই পূর্ণ করতে পারবে?        ২ (খ)     সর্বোচ্চ কোন আকৃতির চকলেট দ্বারা দুইটি বক্সই সম্পূর্ণরূপে পূর্ণ হবে?  ২ (গ)     বক্স দুইটির দৈর্ঘ্যরে সংখ্যার ঘনের গসাগু ও লসাগু নির্ণয় করো। ৩ ৪।      ৮% মুনাফা হারে ৭৫ হাজা টাকা ৫ বছরের জন্য ব্যাংকে রাখা হলো। (ক) সরল মুনাফা কত?       ২ (খ) চক্রবৃদ্ধি মুনাফা কত?    ৩ (গ) সরল মুনাফা এবং চক্রবৃদ্ধি মুনাফার পার্থক্য কত?      ২   ৫।      কামাল সাহেব ৭০০০০০ টাকা দিয়ে একটি গাড়ি ক্রয় করে ৫% ক্ষতিতে গাড়িটি বিক্রি করে দিলেন। এরপর সে গাড়িটি বিক্রি করে পাওয়া টাকা দিয়ে ৫টি মোটর সাইকেল কিনলেন। সে এই ৫টি মোটর সাইকেল বিক্রি করে তার কাছে প্রথমে ��াকা মূল টাকার উপর ১০% লাভ করতে চায়। (ক)    সে গাড়িটি কত টাকায় বিক্রি করেছিল?      ৩ (খ)     প্রতিটি মোটর সাইকেল কত মূল্যে বিক্রয় করতে হবে তা নির্ণয় করো।   ৪ ৬।     A(- 3, 1), B(- 1, 4), C(3, 2) I D(1, - 2) চারটি বিন্দু। (ক)    A ও B বিন্দুগামী সরলরেখার ঢাল নির্ণয় কর।       ২ (খ)     CD সরলরেখার সমীকরণ নির্ণয় কর।        ২ (গ)     A, B ও C বিন্দু দ্বারা গঠিত ত্রিভুজের প্রকৃতি নির্ণয় কর।  ৩ ৭।      একটি চতুর্ভুজের চারটি শীর্ষবিন্দু A(1, 1), B(4, 4), C(4,8) এবং D(1, 5) (ক)    গ্রাফ কাগজে xy সমতলে বিন্দুগুলো স্থাপন করে চতুর্ভুজটি আঁক।        ৩ (খ)     চতুর্ভুজটির প্রকৃতি নির্ণয় কর।        ৪ ৮।     চিত্রে O কেন্দ্রবিশিষ্ট বৃত্তের ব্যাস 27 সেমি।

(ক)    BC জ্যা-এর ওপর লম্ব OD - এর দৈর্ঘ্য নির্ণয় কর।        ৩ (খ)     ÐBAC-  এর মান নির্ণয় কর।   ৪ ৯।     69 ও 78 সংখ্যা দুইটির যোগফল   (ক)    সংখ্যাদ্বয়ের বাইনারি যোগফল নির্ণয় করো।          ৩ (খ)     পূরক পদ্ধতিতে 78 থেকে 69 বিয়োগ করো।       ৪ ১০।    নিচের গণসংখ্যা নিবেশনটি লক্ষ করো : শ্রেণিব্যাপ্তি 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 গণসংখ্যা 7 11 p 9 13   গণসংখ্যা নিবেশন তালিকার গাণিতিক গড় 54। (ক)    প্রত্যক্ষ পদ্ধতিতে P এর মান নির্ণয় করো।  ৩ (খ)     সংক্ষিপ্ত পদ্ধতির সাহায্যে প্রাপ্ত P এর মানের সত্যতা যাচাই করো।        ৪ ১১। অষ্টম শ্রেণির 30 জন শিক্ষার্থীর গণিতে প্রাপ্ত নম্বর হলো : 80, 75, 85, 95, 90, 80, 85, 70, 95, 90, 90, 80, 60, 70, 75, 65, 70, 80, 75, 90, 95, 75, 80, 72, 86, 92, 78, 68, 72, 70|  (ক)   প্রাপ্ত নম্বরগুলোর প্রচুরক নির্ণয় করো।       ১ (খ)     প্রদত্ত তথ্যের ক্রমযোজিত গণসংখ্যা সারণি তৈরি করো।  ৩ (গ)     ‘খ’ হতে প্রাপ্ত সারণি ব্যবহার করে অজিভ রেখা থেকে মধ্যক নির্ণয় করো।       ৩   Read the full article

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L’ÉGLISE DE SMYRNE

Lecture proposée : Apocalypse 2. 8-11

⦁ La ville.

A. Elle se trouvait à environ 60 km au nord d’Éphèse.

B. C’était une ville d’une rare beauté, située dans une baie magnifique.

C. Elle se trouvait sur une route commerciale qui reliait l’Inde et la Perse à Rome.

D. Elle était célèbre pour ses écoles de sciences et de médecine, pour ses superbes édifices et ses rues pavées.

E. Elle possédait le temple de Bacchus, le dieu du vin.

F. De nombreux Juifs apostats y vivaient.

G. C’est à Smyrne que naquit le grand poète Homère.

⦁ Le juge se présente : « Écris à l’ange de l’Église de Smyrne : Voici ce que dit le premier et le dernier, celui qui était mort et qui est revenu à la vie » (2:8).

⦁ L’éloge :

⦁ L’église avait enduré la pauvreté pour la cause de Christ (bien que Dieu la considérait comme riche). Plusieurs chrétiens avaient certainement dû appartenir aux classes aisées avant leur conversion. Celle-ci leur avait fait perdre le droit d’appartenir à leurs anciennes confréries. Certains avait fait faillite. (Matthieu 6:20; 2Corinthiens 6:10.)

⦁ L’église avait été persécutée à cause de Christ (mais Dieu lui promet une récompense). Charles Ryrie écrit :

« Les auteurs des persécutions étaient des Juifs apostats qui étaient véritablement les instruments de Satan. Lors du martyre de Polycarpe (un disciple de l’apôtre Jean) en 168, ces Juifs ramassèrent le jour du sabbat le bois nécessaire et firent les fagots pour le bûcher sur lequel il fut brûlé » ( Romains 2:28-29; Jean 8:44; Apocalypse 3:9).

Jésus avertit cette église qu’elle aura à affronter une « tribulation de dix jours » (2:10). Il pouvait s’agir d’une persécution particulièrement féroce de dix jours, au cours de laquelle des chrétiens versèrent leur sang, ou de dix périodes de persécution déclenchées par dix empereurs. On estime à cinq millions le nombre de chrétiens mis à mort à cette période. Cela correspondrait au sacrifice de cent millions de personnes par rapport à la population mondiale actuelle.

⦁ Le reproche : aucun n’est mentionné.

⦁ La recommandation :

1. Ne pas craindre.

2. Rester fidèle.

⦁ L’encouragement. Il est double :

1. « Je te donnerai la couronne de vie » (2:10 ; Jacques 1:12).

2. « Le vainqueur ne sera point touché par la seconde mort » (2:11).

⦁ La période ecclésiastique symbolisée par l’église de Smyrne (100-313).

1. Liste des dix persécutions romaines de cette période :

⦁ Sous Néron (64-68) ; martyre de Pierre et de Paul.

⦁ Sous Domitien (81-96) ; le christianisme est puni comme athée ; des milliers de chrétiens sont exécutés, et Jean est exilé à Patmos.

⦁ Sous Trajan (98-117) ; premier empereur à édicter des lois hostiles au christianisme. Martyre d’Ignace.

⦁ Sous Antonin le Pieux (137-161) ; martyre de Polycarpe, disciple de Jean l’apôtre.

⦁ Sous Marc-Aurèle (161-180) ; l’empereur jugeait le christianisme comme une absurdité et une superstition. Il fit décapiter le grand penseur et apologiste Justin Martyr.

⦁ Sous Sévère (193-211) ; martyre du père d’Origène.

⦁ Sous Maximin de Thrace (235-238), barbare brutal ; ordonna la mise à mort de tous les grands responsables chrétiens.

⦁ Sous Dèce (249-251) ; l’empereur résolut d’extirper le christianisme.

⦁ Sous Valérien (253-260) ; martyre de Cyprien, l’évêque de Carthage.

⦁ Sous Dioclétien (284-305) ; dernière persécution, mais aussi la plus féroce. Pendant dix ans, les chrétiens se cachèrent dans les grottes et dans les forêts. Ils furent brûlés, livrés aux bêtes et torturés le plus cruellement possible. Mais la propre femme de Dioclétien et sa fille se convertirent au christianisme.

⦁ Quelques héros de cette période :

a. Justin Martyr (100-167), l’un des premiers apologistes de la foi chrétienne. Il mourut pour Christ à Rome.

b. Irénée (130-200), élève de Polycarpe, lui-même disciple de Jean l’apôtre.

c. Tertullien (160-220) ; évêque de Carthage et apologiste du christianisme.

d. Eusèbe (264-340), le pionnier de l’histoire de l’Église.

[luyi]

i found the full list on douban. anyone who's interested can take a look at this original post here. i was right, yu hewei is in top 10 (i guessed 5 right in the top 10 in fact: jin dong, zhang ruoyun, hu ge, zhang yi, yu hewei)

this list is updated till april 25, 2025, so it's super current.

the unit for the 2nd column in the op is thousand million. and it's cumulative views instead of average per drama, so i know technically, the more dramas you filmed, the more advantage you have. the percentage in the last column means the percentage of being the 1st lead. otherwise, you are 2nd lead.

to be fair, some actors with high viewership was omitted because they have not taken any new projects for a few years. some other actors are taken out of the list due to controversy on the accuracy of the data. so this list is by no means a complete summary of the actor situation in c-ent, BUT, it's still good for comparative purpose.

#1. 550 thousand million views - jin dong (15 dramas)

#2. 380 - zhang ruoyun (9)

#3. 340 - hu ge (3) = zhao youting (5) = feng shaofeng (10)

#6. 330 - zhang yi (10)

#7. 320 - luo jin (16) = ren jialun (18)

#9. 300 - lin gengxin (5) = yu hewei (10)

#11. 290 - chen xiao (16)

#12. 280 - huang jingyu (12) = xu kai (15)

#14. 260 - lu yi (7)

#15. 240 - chen jianbin (7)

#16. 230 - zhong hanliang (5) = yang yang (6)

#18. 220 - huang xuan (9) = wu lei (10) = bai jingting (11) = tong dawei (13)

$22. 210 - chen weiting (7)

#23. 200 - pan yueming (14) = zhu yawen (7)

#25. 190 - lei jiayin (6) = xiao zhan (7) = li xian (7) = zhang luyi (9)

#29. 180 - wang kai (6) = zeng shunxi (12) = zhang binbin (11)

#32. 170 - wang yibo (8) = cheng yi (9)

#34. 150 - huang xiaoming (8) = chen baoguo (5)

36. 140 - dou xiao (8) = qin hao (12)

38. 130 - zhu yilong (6) = yang xuwen (10)

40. 120 - luo yunxi (9) = wang hedi (9) = bai yu (12) = zhang jiayi (15) = zhang guoli (6)

45. 110 - guo jingfei (11) = hou minghao (12)

47. 100 - ou hao (13)

48. 90 - zhang wanyi (9) = nie yuan (8)

50. 80 - guo qilin (5) = song weilong (9) - ding yuxi (10) - zhang linghe (10)

54. 70 - chen zheyuan (11) = wang yang (7)

56. 60 - chen xingxu (9) = zhang xincheng (11)

58. 50 - chen feiyu (5)

59. 40 - jing boran (4)

i have no idea so many of these so called young popular actors/traffic stars are doing so badly in terms of viewership LOLLOLOL...i think we often forget about the fact that the vast majority of people don't go online every day and express how much they like an actor/a show.

you know...i know zhang luyi is a reputable actor, but i never have any solid idea on how popular he is. i always just assumed that he'd be ranked somewhere in the middle in terms of popularity because of his lack of social media presence.

but this rank thing wowed me (thanks to the douban users who are so into stats). it is the online streaming viewership rank for male actors' shows from 2017 to present, and only shows where the actor is the 1st or 2nd lead are included. and zly ranked 27 which i think is pretty high, and it definitely should be considered as top tier.

he actually ranked higher than some super popular young actors and/or traffic stars. can you believe he ranked higher than #31? i'm so shocked.

so being traffic stars really means nothing than winning online fan wars. all that social media popularity really means sh*t when it comes to if people will actually stream your shows LOLLOLLOL

i will go find the fully list on douban. i'm sure yu hewei ranks even higher (maybe he's in top 10).

[jamesgraybooksellerworld]

The “Praeparitio” is a gigantic feat of erudition.

945G     Eusebius of Caesarea                  c. 260-c. 340 Eusebius Pa[m]phili de eua[n]gelica preparac[i]o[n]e ex greco in latinu[m] translatus Incipit feliciter.                [ Cologne, Ulrich Zel, not after 1473]                          $18,000 Folio 10 ¾  x 7 ¾  inches. [a]12, [b-o]10, [p]8      One of the earliest editions most likely the Second, (editio princeps : Venice 1470)  This…

[whencyclopedia]

Territorial Expansion of the Roman Republic (c. 260 - 30 BCE)

A map illustrating the expansion of the Roman Republic from its origins as a loose confederacy of allies and those called Latins in Italy (after the Latin War of 340 - 338 BCE) through more than 230 years of alliances, wars, and annexations until the fall of Egypt and the emergence of Augustus Caesar as a Roman emperor.

[wqp88888]

Country Codes List

CountryAlpha 2Alpha 3 CodeUN Code

A

Afghanistan AF AFG 004

ALA Aland Islands AX ALA 248

Albania AL ALB 008

Algeria DZ DZA 012

American Samoa AS ASM 016

Andorra AD AND 020

Angola AO AGO 024

Anguilla AI AIA 660

Antarctica AQ ATA 010

Antigua and Barbuda AG ATG 028

Argentina AR ARG 032

Armenia AM ARM 051

Aruba AW ABW 533

Australia AU AUS 036

Austria AT AUT 040

Azerbaijan AZ AZE 031

B

Bahamas BS BHS 044

Bahrain BH BHR 048

Bangladesh BD BGD 050

Barbados BB BRB 052

Belarus BY BLR 112

Belgium BE BEL 056

Belize BZ BLZ 084

Benin BJ BEN 204

Bermuda BM BMU 060

Bhutan BT BTN 064

Bolivia BO BOL 068

Bosnia and Herzegovina BA BIH 070

Botswana BW BWA 072

Bouvet Island BV BVT 074

Brazil BR BRA 076

British Virgin Islands VG VGB 092

British Indian Ocean Territory IO IOT 086

Brunei Darussalam BN BRN 096

Bulgaria BG BGR 100

Burkina Faso BF BFA 854

Burundi BI BDI 108

C

Cambodia KH KHM 116

Cameroon CM CMR 120

Canada CA CAN 124

Cape Verde CV CPV 132

Cayman Islands KY CYM 136

Central African Republic CF CAF 140

Chad TD TCD 148

Chile CL CHL 152

China CN CHN 156

Hong Kong, SAR China HK HKG 344

Macao, SAR China MO MAC 446

Christmas Island CX CXR 162

Cocos (Keeling) Islands CC CCK 166

Colombia CO COL 170

Comoros KM COM 174

Congo (Brazzaville) CG COG 178

Congo, (Kinshasa) CD COD 180

Cook Islands CK COK 184

Costa Rica CR CRI 188

Côte d'Ivoire CI CIV 384

Croatia HR HRV 191

Cuba CU CUB 192

Cyprus CY CYP 196

Czech Republic CZ CZE 203

D

Denmark DK DNK 208

Djibouti DJ DJI 262

Dominica DM DMA 212

Dominican Republic DO DOM 214

E

Ecuador EC ECU 218

Egypt EG EGY 818

El Salvador SV SLV 222

Equatorial Guinea GQ GNQ 226

Eritrea ER ERI 232

Estonia EE EST 233

Ethiopia ET ETH 231

F

Falkland Islands (Malvinas) FK FLK 238

Faroe Islands FO FRO 234

Fiji FJ FJI 242

Finland FI FIN 246

France FR FRA 250

French Guiana GF GUF 254

French Polynesia PF PYF 258

French Southern Territories TF ATF 260

G

Gabon GA GAB 266

Gambia GM GMB 270

Georgia GE GEO 268

Germany DE DEU 276

Ghana GH GHA 288

Gibraltar GI GIB 292

Greece GR GRC 300

Greenland GL GRL 304

Grenada GD GRD 308

Guadeloupe GP GLP 312

Guam GU GUM 316

Guatemala GT GTM 320

Guernsey GG GGY 831

Guinea GN GIN 324

Guinea-Bissau GW GNB 624

Guyana GY GUY 328

H

Haiti HT HTI 332

Heard and Mcdonald Islands HM HMD 334

Holy See (Vatican City State) VA VAT 336

Honduras HN HND 340

Hungary HU HUN 348

I

Iceland IS ISL 352

India IN IND 356

Indonesia ID IDN 360

Iran, Islamic Republic of IR IRN 364

Iraq IQ IRQ 368

Ireland IE IRL 372

Isle of Man IM IMN 833

Israel IL ISR 376

Italy IT ITA 380

J

Jamaica JM JAM 388

Japan JP JPN 392

Jersey JE JEY 832

Jordan JO JOR 400

K

Kazakhstan KZ KAZ 398

Kenya KE KEN 404

Kiribati KI KIR 296

Korea (North) KP PRK 408

Korea (South) KR KOR 410

Kuwait KW KWT 414

Kyrgyzstan KG KGZ 417

L

Lao PDR LA LAO 418

Latvia LV LVA 428

Lebanon LB LBN 422

Lesotho LS LSO 426

Liberia LR LBR 430

Libya LY LBY 434

Liechtenstein LI LIE 438

Lithuania LT LTU 440

Luxembourg LU LUX 442

M

Macedonia, Republic of MK MKD 807

Madagascar MG MDG 450

Malawi MW MWI 454

Malaysia MY MYS 458

Maldives MV MDV 462

Mali ML MLI 466

Malta MT MLT 470

Marshall Islands MH MHL 584

Martinique MQ MTQ 474

Mauritania MR MRT 478

Mauritius MU MUS 480

Mayotte YT MYT 175

Mexico MX MEX 484

Micronesia, Federated States of FM FSM 583

Moldova MD MDA 498

Monaco MC MCO 492

Mongolia MN MNG 496

Montenegro ME MNE 499

Montserrat MS MSR 500

Morocco MA MAR 504

Mozambique MZ MOZ 508

Myanmar MM MMR 104

N

Namibia NA NAM 516

Nauru NR NRU 520

Nepal NP NPL 524

Netherlands NL NLD 528

Netherlands Antilles AN ANT 530

New Caledonia NC NCL 540

New Zealand NZ NZL 554

Nicaragua NI NIC 558

Niger NE NER 562

Nigeria NG NGA 566

Niue NU NIU 570

Norfolk Island NF NFK 574

Northern Mariana Islands MP MNP 580

Norway NO NOR 578

O

Oman OM OMN 512

P

Pakistan PK PAK 586

Palau PW PLW 585

Palestinian Territory PS PSE 275

Panama PA PAN 591

Papua New Guinea PG PNG 598

Paraguay PY PRY 600

Peru PE PER 604

Philippines PH PHL 608

Pitcairn PN PCN 612

Poland PL POL 616

Portugal PT PRT 620

Puerto Rico PR PRI 630

Q

Qatar QA QAT 634

R

Réunion RE REU 638

Romania RO ROU 642

Russian Federation RU RUS 643

Rwanda RW RWA 646

S

Saint-Barthélemy BL BLM 652

Saint Helena SH SHN 654

Saint Kitts and Nevis KN KNA 659

Saint Lucia LC LCA 662

Saint-Martin (French part) MF MAF 663

Saint Pierre and Miquelon PM SPM 666

Saint Vincent and Grenadines VC VCT 670

Samoa WS WSM 882

San Marino SM SMR 674

Sao Tome and Principe ST STP 678

Saudi Arabia SA SAU 682

Senegal SN SEN 686

Serbia RS SRB 688

Seychelles SC SYC 690

Sierra Leone SL SLE 694

Singapore SG SGP 702

Slovakia SK SVK 703

Slovenia SI SVN 705

Solomon Islands SB SLB 090

Somalia SO SOM 706

South Africa ZA ZAF 710

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands GS SGS 239

South Sudan SS SSD 728

Spain ES ESP 724

Sri Lanka LK LKA 144

Sudan SD SDN 736

Suriname SR SUR 740

Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands SJ SJM 744

Swaziland SZ SWZ 748

Sweden SE SWE 752

Switzerland CH CHE 756

Syrian Arab Republic (Syria) SY SYR 760

T

Taiwan, Republic of China TW TWN 158

Tajikistan TJ TJK 762

Tanzania, United Republic of TZ TZA 834

Thailand TH THA 764

Timor-Leste TL TLS 626

Togo TG TGO 768

Tokelau TK TKL 772

Tonga TO TON 776

Trinidad and Tobago TT TTO 780

Tunisia TN TUN 788

Turkey TR TUR 792

Turkmenistan TM TKM 795

Turks and Caicos Islands TC TCA 796

Tuvalu TV TUV 798

U

Uganda UG UGA 800

Ukraine UA UKR 804

United Arab Emirates AE ARE 784

United Kingdom GB GBR 826

United States of America US USA 840

US Minor Outlying Islands UM UMI 581

Uruguay UY URY 858

Uzbekistan UZ UZB 860

V

Vanuatu VU VUT 548

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic) VE VEN 862

Viet Nam VN VNM 704

Virgin Islands, US VI VIR 850

W

Wallis and Futuna Islands WF WLF 876

Western Sahara EH ESH 732

Y-Z

Yemen YE YEM 887

Zambia ZM ZMB 894

Zimbabwe ZW ZWE 716

[howzitsa]

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[moleculardepot]

Rabbit Polyclonal Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase AOAH (260-340) Antibody

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[ethereal-engene]

I posted 2,476 times in 2022

That's 2,355 more posts than 2021!

461 posts created (19%)

2,015 posts reblogged (81%)

Blogs I reblogged the most:

@dokyeomblr

@woozi

@ohoshi

@ethereal-engene

@goldenhypen

I tagged 2,422 of my posts in 2022

Only 2% of my posts had no tags

#seventeen - 607 posts

#ash and queue - 559 posts

#ash shhhh - 340 posts

#enhypen - 258 posts

#svt - 256 posts

#ateez - 133 posts

#tomorrow x together - 130 posts

#seventeen right here - 127 posts

#enhypen x reader - 119 posts

#tomorrow by together - 108 posts

Longest Tag: 70 characters

#🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️🧍🏻‍♀️

My Top Posts in 2022:

#5

pocket money | seungcheol

See the full post

260 notes - Posted August 27, 2022

#4

Radiant Rec List #2

enjoy reading & much love to these people who wrote them <3 This list is for TXT :) 

Quick Key: [F] - fluff  | [A] - angst | [H] - humor/crack | [S] - suggestive

𝗢𝗧𝟱

❥ ҉ txt babysitting kids with you  by @boba-beom | [F]

txt having a partner who is short by @flwrkisses | [F]

txt when they see another member’s photo card in your phone case ! by @gyuuss | [F] + [H]

TXT accidentally forgetting your anniversary by @envirae | [F] + [A]

𝘁𝘅𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: 𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝘆𝗼𝘂'𝗿𝗲 𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 by @yeonieluvs | [F] 

TXT + ASKING FOR CUDDLES by @luvrlixie | [F]

txt's reaction to s/o having a nightmare by @lovesick-gyu | [F] + [A]

txt doing a v live with their partner. by @flwrkisses | [F] 

𝐀 𝐒𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐂𝐇𝐑𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐌𝐀𝐒 𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐁𝐁𝐋𝐄𝐒: TXT by @xysthe | [F] 

txt reaction to their s/o being siblings with enhypen ! by @wonwoosh | [F] + [H]

txt & the new year by @sooblvr | [F]

how you celebrate new years with txt by @txtville | [F]

TXT WHEN THEIR IDOL S/O DEBUTS! by @vxzhypen | [F] + [A] + [H]

how you meet (college au) by @lovelysanha | [F]

out of ten by @hyuukais | [H] + [F] 

your 1st ‘I love you’ with TXT by @beom1e | [F] + lil bits of [A]

txt reaction to members calling him whipped for you by @txtandroll | [H] + [F]

asking if you can take their last name by @blue-jisungs | [H] + [F]

your relationship with txt as an idol by @iichaeyj [F]

“hide my boyfriend is coming” prank by @istanfluffycontent | [H] + [F]

a thursday’s child (drabble series) by @emeraldenha | mostly [A] + [F]

See the full post

278 notes - Posted January 6, 2022

#3

hey tayo? but that’s appa!

pairing: ENHYPEN husband!hyung line x fem!reader (established relationship)

genre: fluff, attempted humor, dad au & timeskip au! // warning(s): none  

word count: ~1.8k

summary: how I think the hyung line would react to you showing your kid’s (like the kid is yours and his) hey tayo/billy poco

note: finally getting to this one ! had this idea locked away for a good while. enjoy :)

See the full post

310 notes - Posted March 18, 2022

#2

Radiant Rec List #3

enjoy reading and a very special thank you to the carat writers here on tumblr b/c oh boy y’all’s writing are just as great as our boys <3 please show them so much love and support! bonus, send them an ask/dm appreciating their work!

this list is for svt (seventeen) :) 

See the full post

441 notes - Posted April 16, 2022

My #1 post of 2022

nap time w/ ENHYPEN (hyung line)

See the full post

826 notes - Posted May 12, 2022

Get your Tumblr 2022 Year in Review →