#java star pyramid

[softwareguidance]

Arrays And Star With Pyramid Program In Java | Software Testing Coaching...

#Seleniumautomationtestingfreecoursewithcertificate #Automationtestingfreecoursewithcertificate #AutomationTestingfreecoursewithcertificatepdf #BestSeleniumcourseonlinefree

[ravikugupta]

Six - Print Pyramid Stars Pattern In C#

Six – Print Pyramid Stars Pattern In C#

Print Pyramid Stars Pattern In C#Pattern# 1 * *** ************public void PrintPyramid(int rows) { int temp; temp = rows; for (int i = 1; i <= rows; i++) { for (int j = 1; j <= temp – 1; j++) { Console.Write(” “); } for (int k = 1; k <= 2 * i – 1; k++) { Console.Write(“*”); } temp–; Console.WriteLine();}Pattern# 2** ** * ** * * ** * * * *public void PrintPyramid(int rows) { for (int i = 0; i <…

[tomasorban]

FRACTAL DHARMATA & UNIVERSAL HYPER-INTELLIGENCE

Our rediscovery of the accurate 3D Dharmata geometry is based on the novel Timewave discovery of Novelty Theory, visionarily rediscovered by ontologist Terrence McKenna, initially in the 1970s.

The Timewaves’ typological morphology has been acredited by UCLA scientist and mathematician, professor Ralf Abrahams (A Chronology Of Time), as the fractal symmetry of the ontological morphology of time itself.

The Timewave verified to be an accurate cartography of time’s temporal wave architecture within the atomic clock observation measurements made by Los Alamos Laboritory physicist, Dr. Sheliak. The temporal behavior within the scale of the ATOMIC clocks, behaved accordingly to the Timewave-1 graph topology…

Thus, Puharich’s assertion to the ATOM’s nucleus MM force within the proton, to be following fractal electric/magnetic charge, which he also relates to the Mandlebrot set — is clearly here highlighted for the very first time. Especially when we understand the relation between the Timewave, Dharmata, and the mandlebrot fractal, as follows…

This leads us to our findings… By tracing the complete Timewave graph into 3D computer animation software; replicating the design 180° in mirror symmetry; and then rotating this into 3 dimensions, the beautiful and remarkable precise morphology of the Dharmata was resurrected from the catacombs of antiquity. Dharmata’s shape is traced by the Mandlebrot fractal symmetry outline.

Before Leonardo Da Vinci’s version of this mandelbrot fractal design within his Leicester Codex, he was preceeded by several hundred years in the remarkable labour undertaken by Monk Udo of Achen, who spent 9 years calculating the accurate Mandlebrot set which he called Divinitas (“Godhead”), rather than using Abacus, he utlised the Vedic mathematics of ‘algorythm’ calculations that utilised the Vedic arabic numerals (based on Brahmi-script), (The forgotten genius of Udo von Aachen", Schipke, R.J. and Eberhardt, A., Harvard Journal of Historical Mathematics, 32, 3 (March 1999), pp 34-77), which itself is derived from Vedic mathematics. He depicted it as the star of Bethlehem.

The Timewave, also appears to be the accurate morphology of the full permutation of the DNA genom (by the implication of Dr. Martin Schönberger’s accademically impeccable I-Ching and The Genetic Code: The Hidden Key To Life). Thereby, the fractal MM fields of the hadronic force in the proton, through 8hz electrolysis of water, producing the amino acids and full proteins in the very same fractal symmetry as itself… which itself is the complete permutation of the DNA code, is extraordinary…

That is: proteins “Made in the Image of its Creator,” the organising 27D Hadron through its MM fractal symmetry… and which turns out to be the symmetrical geometry of the full permutation of the DNA codon language.

Thereby, giving a fractal (self-similar, self-organising, self-reflective/conscious), hyper-topology of the All-One Macro nature of the hadron’s hyperdimensional unified hypercharacteristics... The hadronic mechanic’s Macro Irreversible Hyper-Organisation of all life.

Thereby: the hyper-morphology of indivisible wholeness that is all-one Hyper-Intelligence — HTI: Hyper-Temporal/Hyper-Terrestrial Intelligence.

UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE OF LIFE

Thus, some initial major decipherments of the Universal Language orchestrated by the Hadronic-Intelligence Hyper-Organisation of Life, have been decrypted, self-embedded and axiomatic within the very cipher codes of life itself, and within the very heart fields of proto-matter (proton-matter proper).

Hereby, we have identification of the fractal Universal Language composed of a hadronic hyper-semantics that has seamless axiomatic similitude in its linguistics between the fractal design of the code of life and the fractal geometry of the MM force comprising the alphabet of all the periodic elements that composit the universe…

Same fractal semantics as the DNA life code and the organising fractal force in the heart of all the periodic elements that built the universe… And the application of one (the fractal MM within the proton), upon the element water (by 8hz electrolysis), produces living complex amino acid chained proteins that grow according to the fractal Dharmata/Mandlebrot image/symmetry, that is the characteristics of the MM proto-force in the atomic heart; and which is also the fractal image of the entire ontological morphology of the DNA code, itself a composite of amino acids…

Talk about Self-Organisation, Self-Reflection, Self-Similarity… The same, self-similar, universal All-One Mind-Heart — the indivisible unity between the, so called, inanimate and the animate (such a consequence is also objectively established by hadronic hyper-mathematics. Arbitary connections have been eliminated, illusive assumptions vacuumed into nonexistence)

The human genome is some 3.6 billion DNA letters in length, whilst one single X-chromosome is a macro-DNA molecule some 160 million DNA letters in length. Dr Robert Pollack relates that the DNA:

“Is also a form of text, and that therefore it is best understood by analytical ways of thinking commonly applied to other forms of text, for example, books.”

— R. Pollack A Crisis In Scientific Moral, Nature, 385,1997. pp 674

One cannot analyse a text like a book, if one presupposes that there was no intelligence behind writing it. The very fact that the DNA turns out to be an intricate language, written in complex grammer, reveals an intelligence that has a far more holographically integrated hyper-semantics than our present use of languages.

The DNA resonating crystal is an intelligently ordered linguistics with a holographic laser resonation communication continuum, as molecular biologist Dr. Frank-Kamenetskii relates:

“The DNA crystal is aperiodic, since the sequence of base pairs is as irregular as the sequence of letters in a coherent text.”

—M. D. Frank-Kamenetskii Unveiling The DNA. New York, VCH Publishers, 1993. Pp 31

Or as noted biologist Sir Charles Dobbs had relayed:

“The whole of the protein in the human body is replaced in roughly 160 days… When one contrasts the great complexity of the protein molecule with the fact that millions of these substences are constantly being built up and disintegrated in the human body, and moreover rebuilt to precisely the same structure, one cannot help but speculate about the controlling mechanism.”

—Sir Charles Dobbs, quoted in Dr. Harold Saxton Burr’s, The Fields Of Life (Ballantine, New York, 1973).

Thus, to find the same fractal self-similarity in the DNA code’s permutations as that of the organising force within the protons from the hadron omegon, should seriously transcend the primitive assumption of zero intelligence behind the DNA life book.

The fractal self-similarity thus of DNA, time, the proton’s hadronic magnetic monopole force, and the fractal growth of life exposed to the 8hz ELF field of this fractal force, demonstrates a post modern fax simile of the Veda’s, “man made in the Image of the Original Model of Manu,” and the Biblical, “Man made in the Image and the Similitude of God.”

Puharich’s observation of the fractal ‘mandlebrot’ geometry arising from the Magnetic Monopole force within the proton, in the 8hz electrolysis of water, and his above mentioning of this being the fractal electric and magnetic charge within each of the 3 quarks that compose the proton of the atomic nucleus, now has some astounding and surprising cross-verifications…

That is: the Timewave fractal form discovered by McKenna, vindicated by Temporal Chronologer Dr. Ambraham, and observed to be the actual nature of the fractal geometry of time within the atomic clocks, by Dr. Sheliak.

However, clarity descends only when our novel discovery of the Dharmata 3D symmetry of the Timewave was renderred, and the Dharmata is beautifully outlined by the Mandlebrot set.

The Vedic description of the Dharmata (which also means “the universal law of divine love”), and taken forwards all the way into Sanskrit/Buddhist art and cosmology, is also utilised as the geometry of time, the Dharma Maha Kala (“Law of Omni-Time”).

Java, Indonesia, Meru temple with 72 Dharmata Stupa’s upon the AUM Sri Yantra, 27 line geometry. With 432 Buddhas. Charting the 27 Lunar mansions

Forinstance, the 72 Stupas placed on Mt. Meru, in Java, Indonesia, is a prime example. Not only the outline of the Dharmata, but the fact that there are 72 of them on this version of the Meruprastara mountain (the sum of each row of bricks that build the Meruprastara pyramid equates to the sum number sequence that 8hz established upon itself within water… 8, 16, 32, 64 etc… Meru AKA the Sri Yantra, or the Sierpinski pyramid of modern mathematics).

These 72 Dharmata/Stupas are arranged on the Meru pyramid (itself acting as chronomonitor of the 27 lunar mansions through which the Moon passes in one lunar year), in such a manner as to mark the 1° of precession shift of our planet within the 12 zodiac houses — 72 years per degree, 360 x 72 for the complete zodiac wheel (nevermind the axiomatic 27/72).

Meru Prastara Vedic Pyramid Altar & Chonomoniter

[rajat-dutta]

Python - The New Career Accelerator

Did you know that on 10th April 2019 the first ever image of a Black Hole was published and it was made possible with lots of Python libraries? Today, Python is the most popular and finest paid programming languages across the world.

In fact, Python has surpassed Java to become the first-choice for developers in data science, AI and machine learning market. It is easy-to-use and versatile. Tech giants like Google, Facebook, Netflix use Python to get insights from data and build ground-breaking products.

Python is a fantastic high-level language to Learn and Earn. So, in which areas of development one should start with. To choose a development area let us see various Python framework development areas one by one.

Web development: Python has many web development frameworks, such as Django, Web2py, Flask, Pyramid, Bottle and so on. Some of the popular websites that use Python web development framework are: Instagram. Google, Spotify, Uber, Dropbox…

Data science: Data science turns data into action. Data scientists can quickly accomplish deep learning tasks. Popular Python frameworks that are used today in Data science are: NumPy, SciPy, Pandas, SciKit-Learn, PyTorch and many more. Salesforce, Stanford University, Udacity are some of the companies among many, using python frameworks for data science.

System administration: Automation is the key in DevOps and emphasis has been on utilizing tools, which can automate both simple and complex administrative tasks. Widely used Python system administration tools are Psutil, Salt, Selenium, Ansible, Boto3 to mention a few. Accenture, Trivago, Google are some of the companies using Python system administration tools.

The speed of development increases many folds with Python. It has rich standard and 3rd party libraries. main advantage of Python is development speed. Python comes with rich standard library, tons of 3rd party libraries. The cleanliness of Python syntax allows developers to focus on problems rather than language details.

A lot of Python trainings are available online and offline. To make it easy in selecting a Python course with International Certification, it is recommended to choose, Star Python. It is a comprehensive educational program that introduces learners to the Python development language, the essentials of object-oriented programming, and web development. The purpose of this program is to teach the students how to program in Python and prepare for a career in web development, data science, AI, machine learning, and deep learning.

Star Certification is a Vendor-Neutral and Open Source IT Certification Body

And if your thirst for more knowledge calls you for an action, click on Online Python Certification Course | Star Certification

[inlarn]

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[roundtheworldrambles]

Singapore - Part 1

Day 138 – Auckland to Singapore

Leaving New Zealand behind, I took off from Auckland’s airport in the early afternoon, heading northwest towards Asia. My flight took me over the Tasman Sea, across the orange sand plains of the Australian outback, and across the Java Sea, sprinkled with thousands of Indonesian islands.

As our airplane drew near to Changi airport, I had a spectacular, birds-eye view of hundreds upon hundreds of ships anchored along the Singapore Strait. It was an amazing sight, and I was able to immediately get a snapshot of Singapore’s economic and trading power in the region. Incredibly, at any given time, there are about 1,000 vessels in Singapore’s port, with a ship arriving or departing almost every 2-3 minutes!

Arriving at the contemporary airport, I breezed through customs and onto Singapore’s equally modern transit system, heading west into the city. I arrived in the heart of Chinatown at dusk, emerging onto Pagoda Street, a historic merchant’s district packed with souvenir shops, Chinese restaurants, traditional art and electronics. This vibrant area was packed with people, with food stalls, kiosks and musicians spilling out onto the street in celebration of Chinese New Years. The architecture of the neighbourhood was fascinating, with rows upon rows of technicolour shophouses. Originally built in the early 1800s, these buildings have been restored and repainted in every colour of the rainbow, with large, shuttered windows opening onto the humming streets below.  

Chinatown in Singapore

In every direction I looked I saw red, the official colour of Chinese New Years, and a symbol of luck and good fortune. I wove through the crowds and under hundreds of swinging lanterns, finally locating my hostel for the evening. I hadn’t realized it at the time of booking, but my hostel was actually on the second storey of one of these historic shophouses, with my room looking directly out over Pagoda Street. While this made for some very cool pictures, and a birds-eye view of the festivities below, it also ended up being very loud! Over the rest of the week, earplugs and a loud fan became my best friends – allowing me to get some much-needed shut-eye while the New Years’ revelry carried on late into the night. Despite this small inconvenience, it was very cool to be in Singapore during this time, and get an inside look at the country’s celebrations!

After checking in, I returned to the bustling streets to explore. Although I was tired for my long flight, my senses were jolted awake from the sights, smells and sounds of Chinatown – steaming baskets of dim sum and street food, red envelopes for “lucky money”, a traditional gift for children during New Years, the pungent smell of durian fruit, and a canopy of lanterns criss-crossing the night sky overhead.

I capped off my evening with chicken rice and dim sum at Maxwell Food Centre, one of the many hawker markets that Singapore is famous for. Scattered around the city, these local food halls are home to some Michelin-starred food stalls – with all eats usually under $10! It was a delicious way to start off my travel in Southeast Asia.

Day 139 – Singapore

My first full day started with life admin – getting set up with a new SIM card, a replacement tote bag and new set of reading glasses, after I accidentally stepped on mine when camping in New Zealand! I had to be in Singapore for almost a week because of the timing for my second set of vaccinations – Rabies and Japanese Encephalitis - specific to my next two months in Southeast Asia. Although I wasn’t originally planning to be in Singapore for this long, it was a nice change of pace, as I didn’t feel rushed to see everything at once.

Chinatown

I wandered around Chinatown and downtown Singapore during that daytime, and began to get an even clearer picture of Singapore’s rich cultural diversity, from the countless options for ethnic cuisine, to numerous places of worship for Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim and Christian faiths – often all within a few blocks. It is clear that Singapore’s culture is an incredible fusion of culture, ethnicity, faith, and language. The blend of Malaysian, Indian, Chinese, Arab and English cultures is on full display at every turn throughout this vibrant “Lion City”.  

Kumquat Plants on Pagoda Street

Walking through the heart of Chinatown, I first explored Sri Mariamman Temple, the oldest Hindu Shrine in Singapore. It was originally built in 1827 by an Indian trader from Penang, Malaysia, and the Dravidian architecture of the temple was simply stunning. This particular style of temple originated from South India and Sri Lanka, with the architecture consisting of pyramid shaped towers throughout the temple. The Sri Mariamman Temple stands out with its large gopurum (monumental entrance tower). The massive gopurum had numerous tiers, consisting of brightly coloured sculptures of Hindu deities.

Covering my shoulders and taking my shoes off, I walked through the heavy wooden gates to enter the temple. I wandered into a courtyard with the main prayer hall located in the centre, where there were large sculptures of deities such as Rama, Muraga and Krishna. Flower garlands, called “mala” had been placed around the necks of these deities by devotees.

Heading over a few blocks, I walked around the perimeter of Buddha Tooth Relic Temple, a 5-story, modern Buddhist Temple. Built in 2007, the temple gets its name from what is thought to be the tooth of Buddha (recovered from his funeral pyre in India), which is displayed in the temple. Thousands of red lanterns encircled the base of the temple, swinging in the breeze.

Clarke Quay

I continued onwards to Clarke Quay, located on the banks of the Singapore River. Once the heart of the city and a centre for marine trade and commerce, this neighbourhood is packed with both colonial-era architecture and colourful modern buildings. Visitors to Clarke Quay can still ride the historic “bumboats” that were used to unload wares from around the world. I wandered along the walkways lining the river, taking in the sights of this diverse neighbourhood.

MICA Building in Clarke Quay

In the late afternoon, I boarded the MTR to head up to Emerald Hill. Located near the famous shopping district of Orchard Road, Emerald Hill is a peaceful conservation area, filled with cobblestoned streets and beautifully preserved Peranakan shop houses, complete with grand entrance gates, sculpted, colourful wall decorations, and wooden window shutters. Beautifully tended gardens with lush, tropical vegetation surrounded the buildings, adding to the beauty of this neighbourhood. In front of some of the homes, there were touches of red decorations, in celebration of the New Year. Kumquat plants were outside the front doors, decorated with red ribbons for luck, their yellow-orange fruit symbolizing prosperity.

Emerald Hill

A few of the shophouses on Emerald Hill had been converted into trendy patios and cafes, where I stopped at one for a glass of wine, taking in the peaceful ambience of the neighbourhood. As evening fell, I returned to the hubbub of Chinatown, sampling street food on Smith Street and popping in and out of bustling stalls and shops, before making my way home for the evening.

Day 140 – Singapore

It was a hot, humid morning as I boarded the MRT, heading to Eunos Station in Eastern Singapore. My destination was the Joo Chiat, located on the Eastern side of the island, a neighbourhood considered to be one of the early heritage towns in the country. It is also known for being a Peranakan community, an ethnic group descended from marriages between Chinese and Indian men and local Malay or Indonesian women from the Malaysian Archipelago (with Singapore at its base).

Joo Chiat

In Joo Chiat, the neighbourhood is full of colourful homes decorated with ceramic tiles and sculpted facades. These heritage homes are juxtaposed with trendy bars and modern shops, sprinkled throughout the neighbourhood. I walked along Koon Seng Road to visit the famous stretch of Peranakan shophouses. Built in the 1920s, these 3-storey homes are painted in various pastel shades, with intricate floral patterns decorating the exteriors.

House of Tan Teng Niah

Because I love a good walk when travelling, I decided to head back towards the city centre on foot, which was a great way for me to get a sense of everyday life in the Singapore.  I stopped in Little India in the early afternoon to visit the house of Tan Teng Niah. Constructed in the early 1900s by a local businessman, this villa is an example of a home of many of Singapore’s ethnic-Chinese business around the turn of the century. When it was restored about 30 years ago, it was painted in a rainbow of vivid colours – with every section of the house in a slightly different hue.  It was quite a striking sight!

I continued onwards to Kampong Gelam, a neighbourhood which has been home to the Malay, Arab and Burgis communities of Singapore since the 1800s. Today, the area is one of Singapore’s creative hubs, packed with street art, independent boutiques, and trendy pubs and bars. In addition to being a popular hipster hangout, Kampong Glam also is host to many colourful heritage and worship sites. Arab Street, part of Singapore’s Muslim Quarter, is packed with stores selling wares such as Persian Rugs, intricate textiles and Arab teas. It is an area that has fusion of culture, religion and people, and definitely has something for everyone.

Nearby, the spectacular Masjid Sultan Mosque is framed by swaying palm trees. Considered to be the “national mosque” of the city-state, it has a history of over 200 years, with several versions of a mosque having been built on the grounds. The current Masjid Sultan Mosque was built in the 1930s, and has an iconic gold dome, flanked by a tall minaret with a gold roof.

Masjid Sultan

I stopped for dinner and a Tiger beer at the patio of a jazz café, tucked along an alley with extravagant and street art, people watching and taking in the sights and sounds of Kampong Gelam. Tired from the humidity and my long day of walking, I hopped on the MRT and headed back to my hostel in Chinatown.  

[robertmcangusgroup]

The Daily Tulip

The Daily Tulip – News From Around The World

Friday 26th January 2018

Good Morning Gentle Reader….  Clear. Cold morning with Stars as far as the eye can see, the Moon is in its waxing phase, but it doesn’t affect the view still more Diamonds to be seen than can be found on the “Soles of Her Shoes” (  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-I_T3XvzPaM ) Bella and I walk towards the beach, the silence of the early morning our companion, the town is recumbent in the arms of Hypnos, she has wrapped the people in her comfort, she must have missed me, We stand and gaze at the ocean and I imagine days of yore when Barbary Pirates controlled these waters, Bella pulls time to go, she’s feeling hungry and I could do with a cup of Java… Wishing you all a great day…

DRIED FLOWER MAY BE LINKED TO PRESIDENT LINCOLN…. SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS—The Illinois News Network reports that a dried rose discovered in a box of artifacts at the Will County Historical Society may have adorned the funeral bier of Abraham Lincoln in Washington, D.C., in April 1865. Sandy Vasko, director of the historical society, said she thinks the flower had been given to General Isham Haynie of Illinois, who was a friend of Lincoln’s and may have been by his bedside when he died of a gunshot wound. General Haynie is thought to have given the rose to Mrs. James G. Elwood, whose husband was mayor of Joliet, Illinois. Elwood’s possessions were given to the historical society and stored away after it moved to its current building in 1971. The delicate dried flower will be put on limited display. Vasko added that the only other known flowers from Lincoln’s funeral are held in the Library of Congress.

ROCK-HEWN TOMBS UNCOVERED IN NORTHERN EGYPT…. NEW ALAMEIN CITY, EGYPT—According to a report in Ahram Online, a first- or second-century tomb containing several burial cavities has been discovered at the site of Al-Alamein on Egypt’s northern coast. Naema Sanad, director of the site, said there is a rock-cut staircase leading to the tomb’s main chamber. Its southern wall had been decorated with a Greek “welfare horn” adorned with flowers and leaves. Coins, pottery, and lamps have also been found.

EARLY BRONZE AGE ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDIED IN GREECE…. CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND—According to a report in The Guardian, an international team of researchers has uncovered drainage tunnels and metal workshops on the small island of Dhaskalio, which was first modified by people more than 4,000 years ago. Back then, the island was a heavily populated promontory connected to the Cycladic island of Keros—and its prehistoric sanctuary—by a narrow causeway. A network of terraces and stairways was carved into the surface of the pyramid-shaped promontory, which was then covered with white stone imported from Naxos. “What we are seeing here with the metalworking and in other ways is the beginnings of urbanization,” explained Michael Boyd of the University of Cambridge. Colin Renfrew, also of the University of Cambridge, suggests the development of the site may have been spurred by its expansive views of the Aegean Sea and by the fact that it had the best harbor on Keros. Traces of grains, grapes, olives, figs, almonds, and pulses have been found in the soil on Dhaskalio. Much of the food is thought to have been imported. The drainage system may have been used to pipe in fresh water or to carry away sewage.

NORWAY’S STONE AGE HOUSES STUDIED…. TRONDHEIM, NORWAY—Silje Fretheim of Norwegian University of Science and Technology analyzed the excavation of 150 well-preserved Stone Age dwellings in Norway and found that some Mesolithic hunter-gatherers built pit houses that were maintained for 1,000 years. According to a report in Science Nordic, the earliest traces of homes are small rings of stones that secured tent flaps made of animal skins, and cleared surfaces with areas of debris from stone tool construction. Fretheim thinks hunter-gatherers traveled with these small tents. Then, some 9,500 years ago, as the ice retreated and sea levels along the coast stabilized, people began to build pit houses with frameworks of wood and turf that were slightly larger than the tents. These larger dwellings may have been shared by larger family groups. Some of the pit houses were abandoned for a time and then reused over a period of more than 1,000 years. Fretheim suggests people placed the houses in areas supported by good fishing and hunting conditions because they recognized good places to live.

EXPLORERS FIND UNDERWATER ROUTE CONNECTING MAYA CENOTES…. TULUM, MEXICO—Telesur reports that researchers from Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History have discovered a route through underwater limestone caves connecting the Sac Actun cenote and the Dos Ojos cenote. Maya pottery, human bones, and the bones of elephant-like creatures, giant sloths, bears, tigers, and extinct species of horses have been found in the tunnel-like caves, which range in width from 400 feet to just three feet. “This immense cave represents the most important submerged archaeological site in the world,” said Guillermo de Anda, director of the study. It is not yet clear how the Maya artifacts came to rest in the caves.

TRACES OF MEDIEVAL CASTLE UNCOVERED IN IRELAND…. GALWAY, IRELAND—The Irish Times reports that limestone walls uncovered in Galway during the restoration of a fifteenth-century manor house may be part of a castle built in 1232. Called the castle of Bungalvy, the structure was built on the banks of the Corrib River by the De Burgos, an Anglo-Norman family credited with founding the port city. Charcoal deposits at the site could mark the fires that damaged the castle in 1233 and 1247. In the late thirteenth century, stone from the castle is thought to have been used to construct the nearby Red Earl’s house, which acted as a courthouse and was used by the De Burgos to collect taxes and host banquets. The De Burgos are thought to have constructed the castle at the site of a wooden defensive structure that had been built by the Gaelic O’Flaherty clan in 1124.

Well Gentle Reader I hope you enjoyed our look at the news from around the world this, Friday morning… …

Our Tulips today are simple still life in a window area.. …..

A Sincere Thank You for your company and Thank You for your likes and comments I love them and always try to reply, so please keep them coming, it's always good fun, As is my custom, I will go and get myself another mug of "Colombian" Coffee and wish you a safe Friday 26th January 2018 from my home on the southern coast of Spain, where the blue waters of the Alboran Sea washes the coast of Africa and Europe and the smell of the night blooming Jasmine and Honeysuckle fills the air…and a crazy old guy and his dog Bella go out for a walk at 4:00 am…on the streets of Estepona…

All good stuff....But remember it’s a dangerous world we live in

Be safe out there…

Robert McAngus

[brajeshupadhyay]

Travel quiz: Take CNN’s challenge with these questions in May

(CNN) — We all know that travel broadens the mind. Thanks to that place on the seafront that sells delicious gelato, it has a tendency to broaden other body parts too.

We can’t deliver you two scoops of pistachio, but we can keep flexing those brain cells while your next trip across the world is on hold.

CNN Travel’s experts have been compiling some tricky questions to test your knowledge of the planet and to kindle your curiosity for more.

Think you can outsmart us? Try answering the following without resorting to Google. By all means hop on a video call to get family and friends in on the challenge.

There’s a link out to the answers at the end. We trust you not to do any peeking!

1. Which of these cities has not hosted the Summer Olympics?

a. Amsterdam; b. Madrid; c. Helsinki; d. Tokyo; e. Rome

2. Can you identify the city from its skyline?

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3. The London Underground, or Tube, is the world’s oldest metro rail system. Which city has the second oldest electrified system?

4. Some nations have more than one capital city. Can you identify these countries by their perhaps lesser known capitals?

a. Brno; b. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte; c. Putrajaya; d. Valparaíso

5. In which city is the world’s tallest building?

6. Can you name the city from these landmark places of worship?

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7. Which city has the world’s oldest Chinatown?

a. San Francisco; b. London; c. Manila; d. Jakarta; e. Toronto

8. Can you identify the city from the name of its airport?

a. General Edward Lawrence Logan; b. Hamad International; c. O.R. Tambo International; d. Soekarno-Hatta International

9. Name the world’s highest capital city

10. Which three destinations are widely recognized as the world’s only three sovereign city states?

1. Which famous aircraft made its last flight on November 26, 2003?

2. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, what was the world’s busiest airport in terms of passengers?

a. Beijing Capital; b. London Heathrow; c. Amsterdam Schiphol; d. Los Angeles, e. Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta

3. Identify the airlines by their tailfin logos

4. What type of airplane is the US President’s Air Force One?

a. Gulfstream III; b. Boeing VC-25; c. Airbus A320; d. Boeing 777-300ER; e. Antonov An-148

5. Which two countries were connected by the Kangaroo Route?

6. Which direction — north, east, south or west — would you travel between these airports identified only by their codes? (Five bonus points if you can identify all the cities)

a. LAX to HNL; b. LGA to MCO; c. LHR to JNB; d. BKK to PVG; e. ARN to SVO

7. Match the massive airplane to its nickname

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a. Whale; b. Queen; c. Dream. d. Superjumbo

8. Which airline had the most aircraft at the beginning of 2020?

a. Delta Airlines; b. American Airlines; c. Cathay Pacific; d. Virgin Atlantic; e. JetBlue

9. Why is three the magic number for the following aircraft?

Hawker Siddeley HS-12, the Tupolev Tu-154, the Lockheed L-1-1011, Boeing 727?

10. What aviation first did Amelia Earhart achieve in 1928?

1. Where in the world can you find these pyramids?

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2. What is the world’s largest island?

3. Which country is home to Europe’s largest natural desert?

4. Match the image to the US national park?

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a. Canyonlands; b. Yellowstone; c. Grand Canyon; d. Yosemite

5. Can you name the oceans that make up the so-called seven seas?

6. What links Java Trench, Challenger Deep, Molloy Deep, South Sandwich Trench, Puerto Rico Trench?

7. Match these desert oddities to the locations below

Getty Images/Plan South America/Barry Neild

a. Qatar; b. Chile; c. Texas; d. Namibia

8. Which is the only one of the world’s 10 longest rivers to flow northward?

9. Where can you no longer see the Azure Window?

10. Which place receives the most annual rainfall?

a. Manchester, England; b. Mawsynram, India; c. Seattle, Washington; d. Quibdó, Colombia

1. Which two Asian destinations separated by the sea were linked by 55 kilometers of bridge and tunnel in 2018?

2. Match the image to the New York bridge

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a. Manhattan; b. Queensboro; c. Williamsburg; d. Brooklyn

3. Which towering French engineer designed the Bolivar Bridge in Peru, the Truong Tien Bridge in Vietnam and the Imbaba Bridge in Egypt?

4. Which country is home to the world’s longest bridge?

5. Match the image to the London bridge

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a. Millennium; b. Hammersmith; c. Tower; d. Westminster

6. What would happen if you tried to cross France’s Rhône River on the Pont d’Avignon?

7. Can you identify the following famous bridges?

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8. Which two continents are connected by the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge?

9. What caused part of the Pont Des Arts bridge in Paris to collapse in 2015?

10. Which country is home to this handy structure?

LINH PHAM/AFP/AFP via Getty Images

1. Which city has the most Michelin stars?

2. Mirazur was named top of the World’s 50 Best Restaurants list in 2019. In which country is it?

3. Can you identify the country from the classic dessert?

Shutterstock

4. What are the bubbles commonly made of in bubble tea?

5. The world’s “happiest country” also consumes the most coffee per capita. Name the country?

6. Which antipodean dessert is named for a ballerina?

7. Can you match these four British dishes to their names (without laughing)?

Suzanne Plunkett

a. Eton Mess; b. Toad in the hole; c. Scotch egg; d. Spotted dick

8. Kartoffelknoedel, xiaolongbao, manti and pierogi are all types of what?

9. What color or colors is Neapolitan ice-cream?

10. Chef Mary Mallon worked in kitchens in New York and Long Island in the early 20th century. By what unhygienic name is she better known?

1. What do Colombia, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Uganda, Maldives and Kiribati all have in common?

2. Which three Asian countries topped the list in April 2020 for the most powerful passports for visa-free travel, according to the Henley Passport Index?

3. Which country has the most official languages?

4. Four red, white and blue flags, four different countries. Name them

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5. What happened in Samoa and Tokelau on December 30, 2011?

6. Which country changed its name to eSwatini in 2018?

7. Identify these countries from their outlines

8. Which is the world’s newest country?

9. These frontiers divide areas claimed by which pairs of countries?

a. The Line of Control; b. The Demilitarized Zone; c. The 49th Parallel

10. Which country is surrounded to the north, east and south by Senegal?

1. Name the protagonist in Jules Verne’s 1872 novel “Around the World in 80 Days”

2. Which four destinations have Steve Coogan and Rob Brydon visited in four series of “The Trip?”

3. Who led this ill-fated Antarctic expedition?

Hulton Archive/Getty Images

4. Whose fictional crusade took him from Utah to Portugal, Venice, Austria, Berlin and then Petra?

5. What record did US journalist Nellie Bly break in 1890?

6. Where did Anthony Bourdain have lunch with former US President Barack Obama?

Zero Point Zero for CNN

7. Norwegian Thor Heyerdahl conquered what personal fear to cross the Pacific Ocean on his Kon-Tiki balsa wood raft in 1947?

8. What have John “Wedge” Wardlaw, Mark Rumer-Cleary, Dallas Burney, John Molony and John Dickson done every five years since 1982?

9. Why doesn’t Dora the Explorer wear Boots?

10. Here she is in India in 1983, but which country has Queen Elizabeth II visited more times than any other?

Fox Photos/Hulton Archive/Getty Images

1. Actor Stanley Tucci has proved his awesomeness by showing the Internet how to make the perfect Negroni. His recipe calls for double the usual quantity of which liquor?

2. In “The Devil Wears Prada,” Tucci’s character Nigel is overlooked for the job of Runway magazine’s creative director. Which city is he in when he finds out?

a. Paris; b. New York; c. Milan; d. Pittsburgh

3. Tucci has been involved in making a new travel series with CNN looking at the food of which country?

a. France; b. The United States; c. Italy; d. Croatia

4. In the 2004 movie “The Terminal,” Tucci plays Frank Dixon, the customs chief trying to prevent Tom Hanks’ character from living in his airport. Which airport is the movie set in?

5. Does Tucci prefer his Negroni straight up or on the rocks?

Instagram

That’s it. You made it to the end. Now fix yourself a drink and click the link below to see the answers and find out how you did.

The post Travel quiz: Take CNN’s challenge with these questions in May appeared first on Sansaar Times.

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[weliveunbound]

Mountain Therapy

I’m standing on top of Ijen Volcano in Indonesia hoping that this surreal, pandora-like landscape will not only make me look cool on Instagram but also give me some sort of clarity.

So I’m staring at the sun come up thinking, I would now like an answer to the question that is often in the forefront of my mind please. The question is a simple one – what future do I want to create for myself?

But when you’ve lost touch of yourself in a sea of open tabs and lucrative detours then the answer is not that simple.

As the clouds clear to reveal the turquoise lake below, any sort of insight is smothered by the need to capture this moment and… well… look cool on Instagram.

But there’s another reason why I’m not getting the inspiration I came for. It’s because this place was too easy to get to (well not that easy, a 3 hour night hike through the jungle) and if there’s anything I know well it’s that struggle creates meaning.

For example, when flying many people prefer the aisle seat even though the view from an airplane window can be incredibly beautiful at times. But let’s say they hiked five days for that view. Then it all of a sudden becomes the most wonderful thing they’ve ever seen.

So I know what I need – a real adventure.

I’ve been editing Reality TV the last four months, I’m so freaking hungry for it. And it’s all good because I’m about to get it in the form of a four day trek to the summit of Mt. Rinjani, Lombok. 

What you’re looking at is Lake Segara Anak (child of the sea), a 4.4 square mile lake inside the crater of a 12,200 ft (3700 m) Volcano. And yes, that’s another Volcano in the middle of the lake. Really? Yes, really.

Just a quick break down of the mission:

Day 1:

7:00 am hike 7 hours to the top of the crater / 8 miles (13 km) / 5000 ft (1525 m) elevation gain  

Day 2:

2:00 am hike 4 hours to the summit for sunrise / 4 miles (6.5 km) / 3600 ft (1,100 m) elevation gain

8:00 am hike 5 hours to the bottom of the lake / 7 miles (11 km) / 5600 ft (1700 m) elevation drop

Day 3:

9:00 am hike 3 hours to a different spot on top of the crater / 3 miles (4.8 km) / 2000 ft (610 m) elevation gain

1:00 pm hike 2 hours towards the base of the mountain / 2.5 miles (4 km) / 1000 ft (305 m) elevation drop

Day 4:

9:00 am hike 2 hours to the base of the mountain / 2.5 miles (4 km) / 1000 ft (305 m) elevation drop

I can’t wait!

I thought Mt. Bromo in Java would be a nice warm up but I’m quickly learning that it’s a bit of a tourist trap.

The problem isn’t so much that people are asking me to take their photos (thanks selfie sticks), it’s that they want me in the photos. I’m a nice guy of course so I agree but I’m plotting out an escape plan.

I see a narrow path alongside the edge of the crater and without any hesitation, I head in that direction. There’s no one there except a German couple who tell me to be very careful if I attempt to walk all the way around the crater.

An hour later I understand what they’re talking about.

The path is uncomfortably narrow and one side is a 60 degree slope ending in what I thought was lava but it’s just boring old sulfur. Either way I wanted an adventure and I’m definitely getting one.

But the experience isn’t really the moment of clarity I was hoping for. Too much focus on keeping myself in the manageable risk zone and not going too far. I mean what’s up with the ground here?? It pretty much falls apart when you step on it. I have no idea what I’m doing in Volcano land. I need a guide.

It’s 5:30 am when Hamdi, the Reza Trekkers Rinjani guide knocks on my door yelling, “Are you ready for this?” Still half asleep and not really sure what’s happening I instinctively respond, “Hell ya I’m ready!” Then I realize I’m not ready at all and I’m late.

Three hours of intense hiking in and out of clouds later, I’m noticing that the porters are zooming past me. Which is pretty impressive considering that they’re barefoot and carrying 85 pounds (39 kg) of supplies.

For real, I’m a bit baffled by this especially because some parts of the trail are borderline rock climbing. Hamdi tells me that he used to be a porter and on the first day of the job he cried. I think he was joking but maybe not.

He says they wear flip flops and sometimes hike barefoot because shoes are too heavy. Hmm… interesting. After my third fall of the day on the crumbling volcanic rock, I asked Hamdi if they ever slip. He gets all serious and looks at me straight in the eyes saying, “No, porters never fall.”

On hour five I'm covered in sweat, my legs are shaking and I start to wonder, “Why am I doing this?!” Then I turn the corner for a new incredible view.

Oh ya, that’s why.

I don’t want to make it seem like this is some superhuman trek. Actually anyone fit can do this. But I will say that some parts are pretty grueling or what one local called Indonesian torture.

We finally make it to the crater rim where Alto, our porter, hands me a plate of fried bananas covered in chocolate and cheese.

As I take a bite out of this unexpectedly delicious Indonesian delicacy, I feel connected to my six year old self who insisted on putting chocolate spread on top of every meal.

The clouds clear just in time to reveal a sunset so magical that I forget all about the mental struggle I had to endure to get there.

I pass out for a couple hours before my alarm goes off at 1:30 am for one of those, where the hell am I, wake up moments. I unzip the tent to see countless stars not only above my head but also straight in front of me. I remember that I’m 8000 ft high on the edge of a Volcano crater in Indonesia.

Awesome!  

I strap on my trusty Forsake kicks and follow Hamdi into the darkness.

Three hours of zombie-like hiking later we reach the final mile which is an extremely steep, sand-like dirt ridge, 12,000 ft above normal, breathable air.

There’s that thought again – “Why!?”

But as painful as this is, I feel like some force has me hooked and is slowly reeling me up towards the peak.

Every couple of steps I look up at the Milky Way which is as visible as one of those long exposure photographs. I do a 360 while staring up at the sky, desperately trying to take it all in. I do this often while traveling – frantically scan the landscape as if I’m trying to catch a last glimpse before it disappears.

Then I realize that everything around me isn’t going anywhere and it’s me who will be disappearing. Hopefully after a long life but just in case it doesn’t work out that way, I’ll go happy because of experiences like this.

I’m actually thankful for this unsettling notion that there’s an end creeping up in the horizon. After all it’s this awareness that’s pulling me up the mountain.

It fuels this wild, one way ticket lifestyle of world and potential exploration. It reminds me to choose experiences over possessions, failure over regret and uncertainty over comfort.

In the exact moment the sun shows it’s first spec of light, we reach the summit. The Pyramid shaped shadow of Rinjani in the horizon stands next to Mt. Batur in Bali and the Gili Islands.

The sunrise is over way too fast just like my 20s and it’s already time to begin the long journey down to the crater lake. I take the first step without having to ask myself, “Why?!”

Did someone slip a molly in my cheese banana? Because I’m feeling way too giddy right now considering it’s a five hour journey, 5600 ft down. And wait, is that a monkey??

We descend further and further into an enchanted fairyland that I thought only existed in Disney movies.

On the other side of that grass hill I'm surprised to see a waterfall with hot spring pools on the bottom. Hamdi, that sneaky man, didn’t even tell me where he was taking me. I take a full shower with shampoo and soap under the waterfall. Whatever, I like to be clean, don’t judge!

We walk to a secluded spot on the lake where Alto has already set up the tents and is now fishing for our dinner.

The clouds are covering the Volcano but Hamdi tells me that it’s about 500 ft (150 m) away. He says that a year ago he was at this spot when it erupted.

He couldn’t hike out because there was too much ash so overnight he got the lava show of a lifetime. I told him I wish I could have seen that and he said, “No you don’t. I cried.” Joking again? I’m really not sure.

As the sun sets we have Ikan Goreng (deep fried crispy fish) for dinner which tastes even better than the fancy Bali food I had a week earlier.

At 7 am I unzip my tent to see that the clouds have cleared and the Volcano is right in front of my face. Hamdi hands me a cup of Lombok coffee, I put on some Bon Iver and sink into some sort of trance-like euphoria.

My mind clears. As if a massive delete button was hit on all the unworthy thoughts that dominate my thinking. In this emptiness, something is brewing. Slowly expanding into what I came here for – answers!

For the past couple years I’ve been on a mission to catch up to this 2.0 version of myself that creates the incredible work I know I’m capable of. I know because I’ve caught him before and he elevated me to new heights in record time. Giving me a taste of success and then disappearing.  

But in this moment, I can feel him here. I get hit with a flood of ideas for creative pursuits and an unshakable belief in my ability to see them through. I pull out my journal and try to write them all down. 

This leads to an important realization. In order to align with this higher self, I have to stop chasing and instead create an environment where he’d want to live.

I think of it as having a good signal. Four bars means that my mind is fully open to possibilities, I work in a peak state with maximum enjoyment. One bar means I’m going to need a lot of coffee just to produce something that I don’t really care about and I doubt anyone else will.

For example, I know that adventures which push me physically and mentally give a certain energy that running on a treadmill in LA fitness just doesn’t create.

As I write down other conditions that could trigger a good signal, I feel an urge to shut my brain down and go for a morning swim in the lake.

After all, I’m not chasing anything right now. I feel content. I’ve arrived somewhere.

After spending some quality time with Lake Segara Anak, we hike up to the top of the crater and then down into the jungle.

I follow Alto on a detour to find a water pipe so we can refill our bottles. We finally find a thin pipe that runs for miles from a river up top to a small village below where it provides clean water for one hundred houses.

He detaches the tube to fill up the bottles and before attaching it back, I take another shower. I make a bold decision to not use shampoo today. Crazy I know but what can I say, I’m living on the edge.

Surrounded by curious monkeys, we set up the tents then have ramen for dinner. I go inside to relax but accidentally doze off and sleep like a baby until the morning.

We wake up early and complete the trek with an easy two hour hike down to the base of the mountain. I say goodbye to Alto and Hamdi who are still making fun of my ridiculous shower needs.

Feeling accomplished, I make my way to the south of Lombok where I can do nothing on the beach for a couple days.

If any part of you is intrigued by doing a trek like this then you should absolutely book a ticket right now. Just be careful because if you’re anything like me, your automatic excuse generator might kick in saying things like – I’m not fit enough, too old, can’t sleep in tents, scared of heights, not now maybe next year… etc. etc.

If this happens, try telling this voice, “Sorry buddy. I’m gonna go ahead and do this one anyways.” It’ll make one more desperate attempt to stop you, “Wait! What about altitude sickness??” Just hit him with a calm, cool, “Nope. Sorry.”

Why? Because sometimes it feels like you become as tall as the mountains you choose to climb.

   - Yali

P.S. Whenever life's craziness causes anxiety, I just think of the Rinjani porters and I feel okay again. I used to think of my greatest accomplishments but this works much better.

[morganbelarus]

20 travel destinations the experts say not to miss

(CNN)From pilots to travel photographers, train aficionados to tour guides, these world-wandering experts have seen the world.

Here they share are their favorite destinations, and why they think they shouldn't be missed.

Find the isolated islands of Wayag, Indonesia

Out of all the beauty that Indonesia has to offer, Wayag is perhaps the most stunning spot, says Michael Travers, head of marketing and communications at SeaTrek Sailing Adventures.

"Wayag has hundreds of thickly forested limestone karsts and islands, resulting in sheltered bays with white sand beaches and coral reefs," he says.

There aren't any villages, let alone tourist accommodation, and guests can only really arrive by boat, adds Travers.

"I'd definitely recommend climbing to the lookout point on the western side of the main Wayag Bay. It's not for the faint of heart (picture a 30-minute ascent through forest and over jagged limestone), but there are the most staggering views of paradise at the end."

Visit Egypt without the crowds

"I'd highly recommend going to Egypt now," says Geoffrey Kent, founder of Abercrombie & Kent.

"I traveled there at the end of 2015 and it is truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience to see these sites with few crowds. For instance, at Abu Simbel, I was in Ramses temple and had it all to myself for a few minutes.

"As I was climbing up the narrow staircase into the center of Cheops Pyramid, there were only a few people that I had to sidestep. It's a very different experience doing that when the crowds (and heat) are at full force," says Kent.

Bathe in Tbilisi's Abanotubani District

Move over, Istanbul. There's a new European city brimming with East-meets-West culture and natural sulfurous waters that give Cagaloglu Baths a run for its money, according to freelance photojournalist Sarah Freeman.

"I suggest visiting the Georgian capital's bath quarter: Tbilisi's Abanotubani," she says.

Situated on the south side of Metekhi Bridge, its low cupolas house baths where water bubbles from the earth at about 90 F (32 C).

"When I went, I sipped on Turkish tea and indulged in a massage by one of the mekise (masseur)."

Watch animals in Namibia

For an extraordinary experience, it's hard to beat visiting the ninth-century Buddhist monument of Borobudur, says Sophie Marchant, travel editor of LuxuryExplorer.com. Overlooking the Kedu Plain in central Java, "this spot fills me with awe," says Marchant.

"I stayed at Aman's Amanjiwo, which I definitely recommend. I woke up at 4 a.m. and climbed the summit for unbelievable views of Kedu as the sun came up over Mount Merapi, a whispering volcano.

"I'd suggest bringing a picnic to eat at the nearby waterfall. My guide (from the hotel) took me there."

Trek through the mountains of India

Maxine Headley, Smith24 travel expert, says she really wants to dispel myths surrounding India: that it's difficult to travel around and that visitors are likely to get sick.

"I don't know where all the negativity comes from," says Headley.

For a different take on the country, Headley recommends experiencing a Shakti stay up in the Himalayas where there are fewer hotels, and more nomadic journeys into the Indian mountains where days are spent adventuring and nights are in a series of base camps under the stars.

"I loved trekking trough through beautiful orchards, treading canyons and stopping to take in and admire the Buddhist temples with giant gold statues dotted around the landscape."

MORE: The world's top 25 tourism destinations

Sleep under the stars in Kenya

Nicky Brandon, director of sales and marketing and Africa travel expert for Ker & Downey, advises heading to Kenya's Northern Frontier for a truly off-the-beaten-track journey.

She recommends a stay at Sasaab. In addition to game drives, travelers can go quad biking, ride camels and do safari walks.

"I believe the village visit here is the most authentic and genuine experience. Go way out and sleep under the stars at a private fly camp.

"Also keep an eye out for the Samburu Special Five: reticulated giraffe, Grevy's zebra, gerenuk, Somali ostrich and beisa oryx," says Brandon. These animals are unique to this region in Kenya.

Go for a peaceful walk in Victoria Peak, Hong Kong

People don't really think of walking in Hong Kong, but the city's great for it, says Charlie Stewart-Cox, Cathay Pacific general manager for South Asia, Middle East and Africa.

There are fantastic hiking tracks and mountain paths -- both inside and out of the city, says Stewart-Cox.

"I particularly enjoy a soothing walk on Lugard Road, Victoria Peak. Sections of the path are on the cliffside, meaning it offers the best views of the Hong Kong skyline," he says.

The entrance for Lugard Road is adjacent to the Peak Tower.

More From this publisher : HERE

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20 travel destinations the experts say not to miss was originally posted by 16 MP Just news

[e-lctrnc-msc]

Week 11-12

In these couple weeks, I find myself restudying up on coding language in order to be more fluent and to understand it better. I am also studying up more on WEBGL and how it works. In today’s post I have documented my notes from class as well as my own personal studying. I have also begun the Fake World test sketch.

Notes from class: command, forward slash

uniform is a variable

because of the prefix uniform, it can control things in the

shader : variable called shdr

shader language is built into your computer

so p5js can access it

text files:

basic vertex text (basic-vert.txt)

basic fragment text (basic-frag.txt)

vertex and fragment talks to separate things

vertex applies to geometry like triangles

fragment applies to pixels

shader is a class that contains functions and variables

shader is made up of the two text files above

buffer is something that exists next to p5js, like an invisible screen or an image. whenever i want i can position that image somewhere inside of my sketch

createGraphics

there are no randomness in shaders, so you have to write them into the fragment or vertex files

under fragment file:

uniform float value

gl_FragColor = vec4(value, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0)

for every frame value, it’s uploaded once and applied to each pixel

uv are coordinates

for each pixel, there is a frag coordinate (FragCoord)

coordinates are stored inside uv

vec2 uv = fragCoord => means you’re calling out to the

process is important to document

milky-believe on sojamo

WEBGL

WEBGL: web graphics library, a standard for doing openGL in the browser. one of the many 3D environments

(openGL is another graphics library that is hardware accelerated)

CPU central processing unit

GPU graphics processing unit

any image is a grid of pixels

openGL renders images to your screen via the graphics card (GPU)

P3D mode uses java openGL

to do 3D in browser, you can use WEBGL, or a library like three.js -> very useful for doing ultimate 3D stuff

p5js - beginner friendly, creative coding library for javascript focused on 2D drawing but also has features

sound library

webcam

dom library for html -> document object model is a programming interface for HTML and XML documents. It represents the page so that programs can change the document structure, style, and content. The DOM represents the document as nodes and objects, but is the same document in both cases

WEBGL render

by default, the context for p5 is a 2D html5 canvas

by giving createCanvas a new argument:

createCanvas(width, height, WEBGL) -> you are changing the 2D context to a 3D one

new functions you can call in 3D context:

3D geometry

camera

texture

material

lights

3 CAMERA FUNCTIONS

camera()

perspective()

ortho()

camera:

need to define where it is in the scene, and where it is pointing. also need to define a vector pointing up that tells us how the camera is supposed to turn. all 3 are (x,y,z) values. you need 9 arguments in total for camera

perspective:

separate from the camera

is a function that defines how the illusion of 3 dimensional perspective is created

involves a few things:

field of view - is a pyramid. could be wider or smaller (fov - default fov is PI/3 or 60 degree angle)

define a clipping plane

aspect ratio tied to aspect ratio of canvas

in the end, you get something like:

perspective(fov, aspect ratio, min clipping plane, clipping max plane)

ortho:

which stands for orthographic perspective. objects further away appear the same size. classic 3D look for games. flattened 3D perspective. also known as isometric perspective.

cos 0 = 1

cos pi/2 = 0

cos pi = -1

cos 3pi/2 = 0

cos 2pi = 1

sin 0 = 0

sin pi/2 = 1

sin pi = 0

sin 3pi/2 = -1

sin 2pi = 0

Personal notes:

object oriented programming:

the point is to make code have

modularity

reusability

Ball b;

function setup() {

b = new Ball();

}

function draw() {

b.move();

b.bounce();

b.display();

}

mini program called a Ball class “class Ball { }”

functions

do we know what functions are?

background(0) is us calling a function

it has the name background, and it has arguments 0-255

this function comes from the processing API (application program interface). it exists because somebody (ben fry) defined this function

rect(0,0,100,100) is also a function. somebody has defined the function rect.

what about flower(300,20,10,10,10,10)?

the function flower does not exist because no one has defined the function. but you can define your own functions!

syntax for defining a function:

returnType name (___,___,___) {

}

in the brackets, are where you list the arguments

if statements, loops, setup, draw are all functions we’re defining.

an example would be

function draw () {

}

returnType: function

name: draw

arguments: no arguments

function is a function’s returnType that exists in processing. if a function has no returnType, you say void OR function in p5.

what would it mean for a function to have a returnType?

that means the function would return an answer, it has a void returnType.

function random returns something to you

function background or rect that does not have a returnType, have a void returnType (but we write it as function in p5)

to create a new function. example, flower:

function draw() {

background(0);

flower();

}

function flower() {

fill(255,0,0)

ellipse(100,100,20,20)

}

function flower -> whatever is written inside is just an example, it is obviously not a flower

if you define a function, but don’t call it, explicitly somewhere within the flow of the program, it’s not gonna be executed.

the function exists but is not happening.

setup and draw are functions that processing actually executes for us. so we need to call the functions we create in one of those.

you can segment your code in different sections, under different functions you create so your overall code is neater

function draw() {

displayBall();

moveBall();

checkEdges();

}

function displayBall() {

}

function moveBall() {

}

function checkEdges() {

}

now you can easily define the various conceptual pieces of the program

we’ve made our program modular, there are 3 modular pieces

concept of reusability with functions. we’re going to look at functions with arguments.

function draw() {

background(51);

fill(127);

stroke(255);

strokeWeight(2);

// here we are hardcoding a series of vertices

beginShape();

vertex(100,50);

vertex(114,80);

vertex(147,85);

vertex(123,107);

vertex(129,140);

vertex(100,125);

vertex(71,140);

vertex(77,107);

vertex(53,85);

vertex(86,80);

endShape(CLOSE);

}

convert that to:

function draw() {

background(51);

star()

}

function star() {

fill(127);

stroke(255);

strokeWeight(2);

// here we are hardcoding a series of vertices

beginShape();

vertex(100,50);

vertex(114,80);

vertex(147,85);

vertex(123,107);

vertex(129,140);

vertex(100,125);

vertex(71,140);

vertex(77,107);

vertex(53,85);

vertex(86,80);

endShape(CLOSE);

}

this makes it modular but it still is not reusable.

how do you make something reusable?

when you want to draw a rectangle, you say

rect(100,50,25,100)

you give it arguments

we wanna be able to do the same thing with star.

we want to say star(100,200) and be able to draw a star with these arguments

star function has no returnType

star function’s name is star

what should we put in the arguments of the function’s syntax?

arguments to a function are LOCAL VARIABLES

so we declare a variable with a type and a name

e.g. function star (float x, float y)

so if i write star (100,200), the value of 100 goes into float x and 200 goes into float y.

the star function can now receive values stored in these variables just for use locally throughout the star.

it’s as if i’m saying float x = 100, float y = 200

we’re passing these values, going into these local variables, the function’s arguments, which are gonna be used throughout the function

can now define the vertices according to the arguments that have been received from the calling area

set all vertices set according to the x and y variable

function draw() {

background(51);

star(100,100);

star(200,300);

}

function star(float x, float y) {

fill(127);

stroke(255);

strokeWeight(2);

// here we are hardcoding a series of vertices

beginShape();

vertex(x, y-50);

vertex(x+14, y-20);

vertex(x+47, y-15);

vertex(x+23, y+7);

vertex(x+29, y+40);

vertex(x, y+25);

vertex(x-29, y+40);

vertex(x-23, y+7);

vertex(x-47, y-15);

vertex(x-14, y-20);

endShape(CLOSE);

}

object oriented programming

what are we trying to do with OOP?

we’re trying to understand a computer program in the way that we think somewhat about the world

Ball b;

function setup() {

createCanvas(320,240);

b = new Ball();

}

function draw() {

background(255);

b.update();

b.checkEdges();

b.display();

}

this is the manifestation of a Ball object moving around on the screen

what is the innovation of OOP?

our programs so far look like this:

variables

function setup() {

}

function draw() {

}

variables are the data of the program: x, y, xspeed, speed, colour, fill, blabla

we have functionality under function setup/draw, under other functions we create

what OOP does for us is it says ok we have data, we have functionality. we wanna put those things together, we want to have an object that wraps the data and functionality of an entity all together.

what is that entity?

it’s up to you, how would you conceptualise the program?

taking data and functionality and putting it together.

think about you yourself as an object living in the world

object: human

data: height, eye colour, personality, weight, etc

functionality: eat(), sleep(), run()

what would it mean to package all that up into one object so we can have humans in our program?

the above is a concept of what it is to be a human being. and then there is the human being him/herself.

the class is the template for what it is to make a human/ball/whatever

the object is the thing itself

syntax for writing an object in our main program

syntax for defining a class, the template that will allow us to make objects

how to turn non-object oriented program into an object oriented program

Bubble b;

function setup() {

b = new Bubble();

}

function draw() {

b.display();

b.ascend();

}

Bubble b; -> we need to declare a variable: this is something like int x; where int is the type and x is the name. lowercase data types (e.g. float, int) are primitive data types, uppercase data types (e.g. PImage, String) are objects. object data types are a collection of data and functions.

b.display -> the dot is known as dot syntax. we’re calling a function but specifically we’re calling the function display on the object b. we’re accessing the object through the dot. the dot means “go inside b and display”, display that bubble b.

step 1 is to declare the variable

step 2 is to initialise. with an integer we might say x = 10, but for an object, the syntax is b = new Bubble();

b is a new instance of a bubble object.

new means make me a new object.

Bubble is actually executing something called the “constructor”. the constructor is the moment where the object is born. the birth of the bubble.

in a class, you need to define a type.

do you want to figure out what the object needs to do first, then write the class to inform that or vice versa?

first we wrote a program that didn’t have any functions, then we changed it to a program with functions, then now we’re changing it to forget how the function works, the small things that are going on, we just want to control the function.

how to define a class:

class Bubble {

float x;

float y;

function display() {

stroke(0);

fill(127);

ellipse(x,y,64,64)

}

}

this is a new big block of code. everything about how a bubble works is going to go in here. this is what it means to be a bubble, but it is not the bubble object itself. the bubble object is in the main code

inside of the bubble class, we need some function definitions. all bubble objects will have the ability to execute these functions, when we say b.display for example.

in the display function, we have variables x, y. every single bubble will have its own x, y. how do we define that? by defining x and y in the same class, not as a global variable.

-> what is an object? something with both data and functionality. this is the whole innovation and excitement of OOP.

objects have things that happen to them at the beginning. what are its initial conditions? we need to write that constructor. here’s the syntax for the constructor:

Bubble() {

}

it has no returnType. the returnType is Bubble, which means it’s returning an object. b = new Bubble is saying make a new object and store it at variable b. the name of the constructor must match the class name. so this is where you can initialise things e.g.:

x = width/2;

y = height;

in total it would look like this:

class Bubble {

float x;

float y;

Bubble() {

x = width/2;

y = height;

}

function ascend() {

y- -;

}

function display() {

stroke(0);

fill(127);

ellipse(x,y,64,64)

}

}

you have the data, the constructor, and the functions.

//test code

var b1;

var b2;

function setup() {

   createCanvas(400,400)

b1 = new Bubble(10,10,50,color(134,123,234,125));

b2 = new Bubble(300,300,100,color(125,125));

}

function draw() {

   background(205)

b1.ascend();

b1.display();

b1.top();

  b2.ascend();

b2.display();

b2.top();

}

function Bubble(tempX, tempY, tempD, tempColor) {

this.x = tempX

this.y = tempY

this.diameter = tempD

   this.color = tempColor

   this.ascend = function() {

this.y--;

this.x += random(-2,2);

   }

this.display = function() {

stroke(0);

fill(this.color);

   ellipse(this.x,

           this.y,

           this.diameter,

           this.diameter)

}

this.top = function() {

if (this.y<this.diameter/2) {

this.y = this.diameter/2

}

}

}

//test code b

Bubble b1;

Bubble b2;

function setup() {

b1 = new Bubble(64);

b2 = new Bubble(16)

}

function draw() {

b.ascend();

b.display();

b.top();

}

class Bubble {

float x;

float y;

diameter = tempD

Bubble(tempD) {

x = width/2;

y = height;

diameter = tempD;

}

function ascend() {

y- -;

x += random(-2,2);

}

function display() {

stroke(0);

fill(127);

ellipse(x,y,diameter,diameter)

}

function top() {

if (y<diameter/2) {

y = 32

}

}

}

converting that into code for p5:

var b1;

var b2;

function setup() {

   createCanvas(400,400)

b1 = new Bubble(64);

b2 = new Bubble(16)

}

function draw() {

   background(205)

b1.ascend();

b1.display();

b1.top();

  b2.ascend();

b2.display();

b2.top();

}

function Bubble(tempD) {

this.x = width/2

this.y = height

this.diameter = tempD

   this.ascend = function() {

this.y--;

this.x += random(-2,2);

   }

this.display = function() {

stroke(0);

fill(127);

   ellipse(this.x,

           this.y,

           this.diameter,

           this.diameter)

}

this.top = function() {

if (this.y<this.diameter/2) {

this.y = this.diameter/2

}

}

}

the arguments in a constructor become the handoff layer.

tempD is to take the value assigned to it and hand it off to this.diameter, which is the one that really matters. it is applied to the rest of the code.

you can’t say function Bubble(this.diameter) because this.diameter is a global variable that you want to apply to the rest of the class. that’s not how arguments work. because you want to use this.diameter down in this.display, you can’t make it an argument to the Bubble constructor. instead, you have to make up some temporary thing that’s only local to the constructor so it can receive and pass it off. it cannot be used anywhere else in the class anymore. this is just the way it works.

in this case, you could add more parameters to the Bubble and pass it through the constructor to the rest of the class

things to note about objects!!!

for any object, the data doesn’t just have to be float or int or numbers, it could be other objects

you can also write more than 1 constructor for any object. you can make different versions of constructors. this is called overloading the constructor. we can have one constructor that requires 2 arguments, another that requires 3 arguments, one that requires no arguments. we see this in:

fill(255)

fill(123,123,45)

fill(124,23)

fill(124,124,35,125)

how do we get objects to communicate with each other? key concept that involves techniques that are beyond the basics of OOP. how do we know if 2 circles are overlapping? if the distance between the 2 circles < the sum of their radii, they are overlapping and you can assign something to happen when they overlap e.g.: float d = dist(p1.x,p1.y,p2.x,p2.y); if (d < p1.r + p2.r) { background(0,255,0); } but to write that in an OOP way, you say if(p1.overlaps(p2)) { } why is this useful? this is unlocking the key to what code you need to write. you need to write a function as part of the particle class called overlaps. but because you’re passing through another object “p2” as the argument, you need to pass in another object in the overlaps function too. let’s call it “Particle other”. function overlaps(Particle other) we’re in the particle class, but we have a function which receives another particle. but remember the idea that you can call the overlaps function on this particle in reference to another particle. you can even check if a particle overlaps itself but that’s conceptually flawed notice p1.overlaps(p2) is inside an if statement, so it has to evaluate to true or false. it does or doesn’t. this means that the returnType has to be boolean, to return a boolean variable. boolean overlaps(Particle other) { float d = dist(x,y,other.x,other.y) if (d < r + other.r) { return true; } else { return false; } }

function inside of an object that receives another object as its argument so that the 2 objects can talk to each other

the reason why this is useful is because we can have 5 particles and we can check if p5 overlaps p3, p2 overlaps p1, p4 overlaps p2 and so on and so forth

so i have a generic function which checks if one object overlaps another object

way of thinking that you want to get used to even though having a single object checking another object of the same type might be a bit tricky. would be simpler if we checked if a particle object was overlapping a bubble object for example.

there’s a key principle in how variables are passed in as arguments to other functions.

int x = 50

change(x);

println(x);

function change(int val) {

val = val * 2

}

the above is known as pass by copy. when you pass in a primitive value - a number, integer, float, into a function, you pass a copy of that value. in the computer’s memory, x is referencing a place in the computer’s memory as 50. then, val is referencing another place in the computer’s memory with the value 50 getting copied there. val gets multiplied by 2, so val becomes 100, but x is still 50, it is unaffected.

if you pass an object into a function, it does not work this way. it works by something called pass by reference.

Particle p = new Particle(50,100);

change(p);

function change(Particle aP) {

aP.x = 00

}

Particle p, points to somewhere in the computer’s memory where both 50,100 are stored. i make a new particle aP, i’m not making a new object. when you pass an object into a function, you’re passing the reference. the location of the data in memory, not a copy of that data. so aP is actually pointing to 50,100 as well. i’m changing the original value as well

in java, when you pass a primitive value into a function as an argument, you make a copy of it and the original value is unaffected. when you pass an object into a function, you’re passing a reference, and if you change that object in the function, the original value is changed as well

what is an array?

why do we need an array?

Bubble b1;

Bubble b2;

Bubble b3;

Bubble b4;

we want to have a list of 100, 1000, 1,000,000 bubbles.

an array is a list of data. an array is a data structure that allows us to say i want to have a list of n/x number of bubbles.

int val = 5;

RAM - opening up a spot in the RAM in the computer’s memory and storing the number 5

what if we have the computer’s memory and we want to open up spots for 7 numbers? and we want to name them values.

e.g. 2, -5, 107, 4, 91, 3, 33: values is a list of these numbers.

how do we write that?

previously we declared int val = 5, which means val points to a single integer val. we need to declare:

int[] values = {2, -5, 107, 4, 91, 3, 33}

in order for values to point to a list of integers

few steps when you want to have a variable in your system:

declare the variable - giving it a name

initialise the variable - giving it its initial value

use the variable

it’s the same thing for an array.

what if we want 10,000 bubbles? are we going to hardcode all of them like so? -> int[] values = {2, -5, 107, 4, 91, 3, 33}

for an array, there’s an additional step we need to do.

declare the variable - giving it a name 1a. CREATE

initialise the variable - giving it its initial value

use the variable

CREATE: how long is it? how many spots do we need?

this is how you create an array:

DECLARE - int[] nums;

  1a. CREATE - nums = new int[7];

how to simplify the above into one line? array syntax:

int [] nums = new int[10];

type of array, indicating that it is an array, array name = new int how long is the array, how many integers am i creating?

this would produce ten zeros because we have not yet initialised the array, and the default value for an integer is 0.

usually how we initialise and use a variable:

x = 0;

line (x,y,10,10)

how do we use the array?

here’s the moment we stop talking about the whole array. we only really talk about the array at the moment of its birth.

now we want to talk about individual elements of the array. the individual elements are referred to with an index number

there are 10 things here, and the indices of an array start at 0.

so there are 10 spots and the index values range from 0->9. you’re always counting from 0.

if i want to initialise one of them, i would say

nums[4] = 132

nums[0] = -3

point(nums[1],nums[2])

this would allow this to happen:

-3,0,0,0,132,0,0,0,0,0

and a point to be drawn at coordinates 0,0

using an array is identical to using a single variable x

the only thing is now we need to refer to which elements of that array.

declare the array

give it a type, give it a name

specify how long that array is going to be

assign values to individual elements according to their indices which start from 0.

let’s apply this thinking to our bubble sketch. so instead of having separate bubble object variables, we want a single list of bubble objects.

Bubble[] bubbles = new Bubble[2];

function setup() {

createCanvas(600,400);

bubbles[0] = new Bubble(64);

bubbles[1] = new Bubble(64);

}

function draw() {

background(255);

bubbles[0].ascend();

bubbles[0].display();

bubbles[0].top();

bubbles[1].ascend();

bubbles[1].display();

bubbles[1].top();

}

we’ve created the identical code for our bubble using an array but it’s still pretty inefficient. we want to learn how to create bubbles using an array and loops.

Bubble[] bubbles = new Bubble[3];

function setup() {

createCanvas(600,400);

bubbles[0] = new Bubble(64);

bubbles[1] = new Bubble(64);

bubbles[2] = new Bubble(64);

}

function draw() {

background(255);

bubbles[0].display();

bubbles[1].display();

bubbles[2].display();

}

if we want to have 1000 bubbles -> need 1000 lines of code??

for (let i=0;i<3;i++) {

println(i);

}

output we get from that loop: 0,1,2. notice how these are the numbers we need for our bubble array above?

this what we can do:

for (let i=0;i<3;i++) {

println(i);

bubbles[i].display();

}

the code can change to this:

Bubble[] bubbles = new Bubble[1000];

function setup() {

createCanvas(600,400);

for (let i=0;i<1000;i++) {

bubbles[i] = new Bubble(64);

}

}

function draw() {

background(255);

for (let i=0;i<1000;i++)

bubbles[i].ascend();

bubbles[i].display();

bubbles[i].top();

}

an array has a length property that can be accessed directly. instead of typing 1000 over and over again throughout the program, we can just say bubbles.length like so:

Bubble[] bubbles = new Bubble[1000];

function setup() {

createCanvas(600,400);

for (let i=0;i<bubbles.length;i++) {

bubbles[i] = new Bubble(64);

}

}

function draw() {

background(255);

for (let i=0;i<bubbles.length;i++)

bubbles[i].ascend();

bubbles[i].display();

bubbles[i].top();

}

which is essentially the same as the code above

couple of nuances:

when you’re initialising a bunch of objects this way, you only have one line of code initialising the objects. we’re initialising every object identically. so why is there variation? because in the constructor, a lot of the parameters are set randomly what you can do is:

Bubble[] bubbles = new Bubble[25];

function setup() {

createCanvas(600,400);

for (let i=0;i<bubbles.length;i++) {

bubbles[i] = new Bubble(i*4);

OR   bubbles[i] = new Bubble(random(60));

}

}

function draw() {

background(255);

for (let i=0;i<bubbles.length;i++)

bubbles[i].ascend();

bubbles[i].display();

bubbles[i].top();

}

an array is a fixed size. when we declare an array of bubbles, we have to say it’s a new array and we have to specify the number of bubbles we want to have. that’s the size of the array. the size of the array doesn’t change.

what if you want a flexible number of elements on the screen? we need to develop strategies for this, and there are a few

you want to use the function append() and there are three elements, the append function creates a new array of maybe 4 spots and brings over the 3 elements there and there is one extra spot. but append is slightly weird in terms of syntax so not preferred

shiffman prefers to use ArrayList. gives you more flexibility, more power, more ease. research more if you’d like to

what we could do is:

Bubble[] bubbles = new Bubble[100];

int total = 0;

function setup() {

createCanvas(600,400);

for (let i=0;i<bubbles.length;i++) {

bubbles[i] = new Bubble(random(20,40));

}

}

function mousePressed() {

total = total + 1;

}

function keyPressed() {

total = total - 1;

}

function draw() {

background(255);

for (let i=0;i<bubbles.length;i++)

bubbles[i].ascend();

bubbles[i].display();

bubbles[i].top();

}

in this case, we have an array of 100 bubbles, but we’re only using a part of the array.

what is an array?

why do you want to use one?

var num = 5;

var nums = [5,3,];

an array is a list of values, separated by commas, embedded inside open square brackets.

this is not that far off from an object which is a collection of name value pairs.

both of these are collections, one of values, one of name value pairs.

the key distinction is the order of arrays matter. the ability of having order matters.

objects don’t have to be just name value pairs, they can be name function pairs

var bubble = {

x : 100;

y : 50;

display : function() {

ellipse(this.x,this.y,24,24);

}

}

function draw() {

bubble.display();

}

——————————————————————————

var bubbles = [];

function setup() {

createCanvas(400,400);

bubbles[0] = {

x:300,

y:200,

display: function() {

stroke(255);

noFill();

ellipse(this.x,this.y,24,24);

},

move: function() {

this.x = this.x * random(-1,1);

this.y = this.y * random(-1,1);

}

  }

}

function draw() {

background(0);

bubbles[0].move();

bubbles[0].display();

}

———————————————————————————

var bubbles = [];

function setup() {

createCanvas(400,400);

for (let i=0; i<20; i++) {

bubbles[i] = new Bubble();

}

}

function draw() {

background(0);

for (let i=0; i<bubbles.length; i++) {

bubbles[i].move();

bubbles[i].display();

}

function Bubble() {

this.x = random(width);

this.y = random(height);

this.display = function() {

stroke(255);

noFill();

ellipse(this.x,this.y,24,24);

}

this.move = function() {

this.x = this.x * random(-1,1);

this.y = this.y * random(-1,1);

}

} ;

}

constructor function is just like any other function

to define a function in javascript, simply write function, the name of the function, and include any arguments in the (), and then {}

we wanna execute a new function called bubble, with

2D perlin noise

noise function takes an input xoff, some sort of offset along the x-axis, the function will return a particular value related to the x offset.

noise(xoff,yoff) -> give me a particular noise value at a particular x location and y location. there’s a difference between drawing stuff in 2D and pulling values from 2D.

every 2D noise value is similar to the values around it.

supershapes

instead of the pure spherical coordinates where you have radii, longitude and latitude, we’re changing the formula

function called supershape which returns a radius value. we need constants. the arguments are constants that you can change.

spherical coordinates are also a bit different

there are two values, r1 and r2

why?

it’s like having two 2D supershapes perpendicular to each other

so we need two values.

also have to add in “theta”

r1 = supershape 1

r2 = supershape 2

r1 is based on longitude, r2 is based on latitude

converting array from processing to p5:

making 2D arrays in js is weird. so we make 1D array instead.

instead we make an array with a fixed length.

functions are named as function, not float

arguments for the function do not need a dataType

FAKE WORLD test sketch

[douchebagbrainwaves]

HIGH-ORIENTED

SLAC goes right under 280 a little bit south of Sand Hill Road reminds you that the opposite of down and dirty would be up and clean. If we're determined to eliminate economic inequality, you decrease the number of startups. You can't assume someone interested in investing will stay interested. The press, ever eager to exaggerate small trends, now gives one the impression that Silicon Valley is a ghost town. One thing most people did learn about for the first time around it was co-opted by Sun, and we got Java applets. And being rapacious not only doesn't help you do that, you get bad ones that sound dangerously plausible. 0 means using the web as a platform was at least not too constricting. You'd have to make it something that they themselves use.

I plan to do in the future and build what seems interesting. The main economic motives of startup founders seem to be ideas for companies, just as automating things often turns out to be an illusion. But since then the west coast has just pulled further ahead. There's a fundamental problem in computer science have Mac laptops. They'll decide later if they fail. But you can never predict how big a market they were tapping. Logically, they're not the same token in the body. You could help the poor become more productive—for example, then you could end up not having a spam probability of Act is 98% and for act only 62%. Why not as past-due notices are always saying do it now?

The worst case scenario is the long no, the no that comes after months of meetings. What they really dislike is the sort of place that has conspicuous monuments. You just try it.1 We didn't even know when we started the company I was 30 and Robert Morris for reading drafts of this. It's not just the time it takes, but that you're able to grow 6% a week instead of 5%. When you feel that about an idea you've had while trying to come up with organic startup ideas, but their production.2 So before agreeing to meet with someone from corp dev wants to meet, the founders are young.

Let's think about the optimal way of sorting product search results, and he's not even curious. Along some parts of Skyline the dominant trees are huge redwoods, and in others they're live oaks. We fell into the classic problem of how when a new medium comes out it adopts the practices, the content, the business world may say. It was simply a fad. One of the biggest dangers of not using the organic strategy, you could enable people who would have become checkout clerks to become engineers. Then you don't depend on any one person. Of course college students have to think about more than just learning. Increasingly, he has to be the bad guys. In the meantime I tried my best to imitate them.

To survive it you need a window of several years to get average case performance.3 The mere fact that bootstrapped startups tend to be different: just as the market will learn how to operate hers. Which means to the extent we're correct, those are the parts where the fog off the coast comes in at night; redwoods condense rain out of fog. It is enormously fun to be able to do: just don't let a sentence through unless it's the way you'd say it to a certain size. There are ideas that obvious lying around now. We overcame this one to work on a less promising idea. In 1998, advertisers were overpaying enormously for ads on web sites.4 0 just because VCs are eager to invest again. So someone doing the best work they can, corp dev people can do. They could have chosen any machine to make into a star.

I was a philosophy major. A string of rich neighborhoods runs along the crest of the Santa Cruz mountains. But Occam's razor suggests the truth is less flattering. The real problem is the way they're paid. Few dissertations are read with pleasure, especially by their authors. The best way to convince the lukewarm ones.5 If you pay them to raise the stock price, which is a well established field, but I think for many people a filtering rate of about 99. Some errands, like replying to letters, go away if you ignore them perhaps taking friends with them. Can you afford the loss in productivity that comes from being freed from the constraints of research. One reason we don't see them is a phenomenon I call schlep blindness.

If someone with a PhD in computer science.6 If your startup is lame, aren't they probably right? Microsoft sees it, but 5% are dragged down. And yet, as I mentioned, the biggest factor in investors' opinion of you is the opinion of other investors. If you keep pursuing such threads it would be the norm.7 They were the kind of ideas you could not merely ignore, but ridicule. Putting undergraduates' profiles online wouldn't have seemed like much of a distraction. But that's like using a screwdriver to open bottles; what one really wants is a bottle opener. Startups live or die on morale. The worst ideas we see at Y Combinator is teach hackers about the inevitability of schleps.

When you transform a mathematical expression into another form, you often notice new things. Ok, so we were pretty excited when we figured out what seemed to us the optimal way of sorting product search results, and he's not even curious. I said, I think you'd be surprised at how far you could get the Intel and Microsoft stickers that come on some laptops. In Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, Robert Pirsig says: You want to know what an n 2 algorithm is if you want to start a startup, the other alternative was to get a foot in the door. Some would-be founders may by now be thinking, why deal with investors while the others keep the company moving forward—releasing new features, increasing traffic, doing deals, getting written about—those investor meetings are more likely to be an answer. Most investors have no idea how dangerous they are. There are two questions VCs ask that you shouldn't answer: Who else are you talking to?

Notes

As always, tax receipts have stayed close to the same gestures but without using them to be like a probabilistic spam filter, dick has a power law dropoff, but that's a pyramid scheme.

The same goes for companies that can't reasonably expect to do with the New Deal but with World War II had become so common that their experience so far has trained them to act. Most of the lies we tell.

No, they don't want to approach a specific firm, get rid of everyone else and put our worker on a road there are those that will replace TV, just their sizes. I make the people who did it. Applying for a long time by sufficiently large numbers of users, at least 3 or 4 YC alumni who I believe, and there didn't seem to have done all they could attribute to malice what can be more precise, and since you can work out. If idea clashes got bad enough, even the best new startups.

So, can I make the people working for large companies. Norton, 2012. One thing that would help Web-based apps to share a virtual home directory spread across multiple servers.

You have to want to start with consumer electronics and to a can of soup. You should only need comments when there is at least a whole is becoming more fragmented, the reaction might be able to redistribute wealth successfully, because they attract so much worse than the 50 minutes they may try to establish a silicon valley. I'm not saying, incidentally, because they insist you dilute yourselves to set aside an option to maintain your target growth rate has to be naive in: Life seemed so much that they're practically different papers.

I don't know whether this happens it will seem dumb in 100 years will be just mail from people who run them would be to say about these: I once explained this to users than where you went to Europe. Ideas are one of the first philosophers including Confucius and Plato saw themselves as teachers of administrators, and not others, like wages and productivity, but I think this is the same ones. In high school writing this, though, because universities are where a lot of face to face meetings. No Logo, Naomi Klein says that I know, the space of careers does.

There are a handful of consulting firms that rent out big pools of foreign programmers they bring in on H1-B visas. The bias toward wisdom in so many still make you register to try your site.

[brajeshupadhyay]

(CNN) — We all know that travel broadens the mind. Thanks to that place on the seafront that sells delicious gelato, it has a tendency to broaden other body parts too. We can’t deliver you two scoops of pistachio, but we can keep flexing those brain cells while your next trip across the world is on hold. CNN Travel’s experts have been compiling some tricky questions to test your knowledge of the planet and to kindle your curiosity for more. Think you can outsmart us? Try answering the following without resorting to Google. By all means hop on a video call to get family and friends in on the challenge. There’s a link out to the answers at the end. We trust you not to do any peeking! 1. Which of these cities has not hosted the Summer Olympics? a. Amsterdam; b. Madrid; c. Helsinki; d. Tokyo; e. Rome 2. Can you identify the city from its skyline? Getty Images 3. The London Underground, or Tube, is the world’s oldest metro rail system. Which city has the second oldest electrified system? 4. Some nations have more than one capital city. Can you identify these countries by their perhaps lesser known capitals? a. Brno; b. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte; c. Putrajaya; d. Valparaíso 5. In which city is the world’s tallest building? 6. Can you name the city from these landmark places of worship? Getty Images 7. Which city has the world’s oldest Chinatown? a. San Francisco; b. London; c. Manila; d. Jakarta; e. Toronto 8. Can you identify the city from the name of its airport? a. General Edward Lawrence Logan; b. Hamad International; c. O.R. Tambo International; d. Soekarno-Hatta International 9. Name the world’s highest capital city 10. Which three destinations are widely recognized as the world’s only three sovereign city states? 1. Which famous aircraft made its last flight on November 26, 2003? 2. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, what was the world’s busiest airport in terms of passengers? a. Beijing Capital; b. London Heathrow; c. Amsterdam Schiphol; d. Los Angeles, e. Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta 3. Identify the airlines by their tailfin logos 4. What type of airplane is the US President’s Air Force One? a. Gulfstream III; b. Boeing VC-25; c. Airbus A320; d. Boeing 777-300ER; e. Antonov An-148 5. Which two countries were connected by the Kangaroo Route? 6. Which direction — north, east, south or west — would you travel between these airports identified only by their codes? (Five bonus points if you can identify all the cities) a. LAX to HNL; b. LGA to MCO; c. LHR to JNB; d. BKK to PVG; e. ARN to SVO 7. Match the massive airplane to its nickname Getty Images a. Whale; b. Queen; c. Dream. d. Superjumbo 8. Which airline had the most aircraft at the beginning of 2020? a. Delta Airlines; b. American Airlines; c. Cathay Pacific; d. Virgin Atlantic; e. JetBlue 9. Why is three the magic number for the following aircraft? Hawker Siddeley HS-12, the Tupolev Tu-154, the Lockheed L-1-1011, Boeing 727? 10. What aviation first did Amelia Earhart achieve in 1928? 1. Where in the world can you find these pyramids? Getty Images 2. What is the world’s largest island? 3. Which country is home to Europe’s largest natural desert? 4. Match the image to the US national park? Getty Images a. Canyonlands; b. Yellowstone; c. Grand Canyon; d. Yosemite 5. Can you name the oceans that make up the so-called seven seas? 6. What links Java Trench, Challenger Deep, Molloy Deep, South Sandwich Trench, Puerto Rico Trench? 7. Match these desert oddities to the locations below Getty Images/Plan South America/Barry Neild a. Qatar; b. Chile; c. Texas; d. Namibia 8. Which is the only one of the world’s 10 longest rivers to flow northward? 9. Where can you no longer see the Azure Window? 10. Which place receives the most annual rainfall? a. Manchester, England; b. Mawsynram, India; c. Seattle, Washington; d. Quibdó, Colombia 1. Which two Asian destinations separated by the sea were linked by 55 kilometers of bridge and tunnel in 2018? 2. Match the image to the New York bridge Getty Images a. Manhattan; b. Queensboro; c. Williamsburg; d. Brooklyn 3. Which towering French engineer designed the Bolivar Bridge in Peru, the Truong Tien Bridge in Vietnam and the Imbaba Bridge in Egypt? 4. Which country is home to the world’s longest bridge? 5. Match the image to the London bridge Getty Images a. Millennium; b. Hammersmith; c. Tower; d. Westminster 6. What would happen if you tried to cross France’s Rhône River on the Pont d’Avignon? 7. Can you identify the following famous bridges? Getty Images 8. Which two continents are connected by the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge? 9. What caused part of the Pont Des Arts bridge in Paris to collapse in 2015? 10. Which country is home to this handy structure? LINH PHAM/AFP/AFP via Getty Images 1. Which city has the most Michelin stars? 2. Mirazur was named top of the World’s 50 Best Restaurants list in 2019. In which country is it? 3. Can you identify the country from the classic dessert? Shutterstock 4. What are the bubbles commonly made of in bubble tea? 5. The world’s “happiest country” also consumes the most coffee per capita. Name the country? 6. Which antipodean dessert is named for a ballerina? 7. Can you match these four British dishes to their names (without laughing)? Suzanne Plunkett a. Eton Mess; b. Toad in the hole; c. Scotch egg; d. Spotted dick 8. Kartoffelknoedel, xiaolongbao, manti and pierogi are all types of what? 9. What color or colors is Neapolitan ice-cream? 10. Chef Mary Mallon worked in kitchens in New York and Long Island in the early 20th century. By what unhygienic name is she better known? 1. What do Colombia, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Uganda, Maldives and Kiribati all have in common? 2. Which three Asian countries topped the list in April 2020 for the most powerful passports for visa-free travel, according to the Henley Passport Index? 3. Which country has the most official languages? 4. Four red, white and blue flags, four different countries. Name them Getty Images 5. What happened in Samoa and Tokelau on December 30, 2011? 6. Which country changed its name to eSwatini in 2018? 7. Identify these countries from their outlines 8. Which is the world’s newest country? 9. These frontiers divide areas claimed by which pairs of countries? a. The Line of Control; b. The Demilitarized Zone; c. The 49th Parallel 10. Which country is surrounded to the north, east and south by Senegal? 1. Name the protagonist in Jules Verne’s 1872 novel “Around the World in 80 Days” 2. Which four destinations have Steve Coogan and Rob Brydon visited in four series of “The Trip?” 3. Who led this ill-fated Antarctic expedition? Hulton Archive/Getty Images 4. Whose fictional crusade took him from Utah to Portugal, Venice, Austria, Berlin and then Petra? 5. What record did US journalist Nellie Bly break in 1890? 6. Where did Anthony Bourdain have lunch with former US President Barack Obama? Zero Point Zero for CNN 7. Norwegian Thor Heyerdahl conquered what personal fear to cross the Pacific Ocean on his Kon-Tiki balsa wood raft in 1947? 8. What have John “Wedge” Wardlaw, Mark Rumer-Cleary, Dallas Burney, John Molony and John Dickson done every five years since 1982? 9. Why doesn’t Dora the Explorer wear Boots? 10. Here she is in India in 1983, but which country has Queen Elizabeth II visited more times than any other? Fox Photos/Hulton Archive/Getty Images 1. Actor Stanley Tucci has proved his awesomeness by showing the Internet how to make the perfect Negroni. His recipe calls for double the usual quantity of which liquor? 2. In “The Devil Wears Prada,” Tucci’s character Nigel is overlooked for the job of Runway magazine’s creative director. Which city is he in when he finds out? a. Paris; b. New York; c. Milan; d. Pittsburgh 3. Tucci has been involved in making a new travel series with CNN looking at the food of which country? a. France; b. The United States; c. Italy; d. Croatia 4. In the 2004 movie “The Terminal,” Tucci plays Frank Dixon, the customs chief trying to prevent Tom Hanks’ character from living in his airport. Which airport is the movie set in? 5. Does Tucci prefer his Negroni straight up or on the rocks? Instagram That’s it. You made it to the end. Now fix yourself a drink and click the link below to see the answers and find out how you did. The post Travel quiz: Take CNN’s challenge with these questions in May appeared first on Sansaar Times.

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