#polyethers

[biology-geology-beaches-india]

The Science Diaries of S. Sunkavally. Page 161.

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Dyḗus Pətḗr

or as I write it, Dyéus Patér. Also Dyḗus ph₂tḗr

Dyéus is the god of the Sky. The blue, bright sky of day, daylight and clouds are his natural dominion. He also fulfills the role of a Father and is the Leader of the whole pantheon (my own UPG is that he leads the déiwōs not like a king but like a father).

Dyéus is also connected to the concept of the Ártus or Hártus (with a strong h like the ch in loch). The Ártus is the universal law that underlies the cosmos, the order and beauty of it that makes life possible. Dyéus, then, upholds the Ártus and represents the concept of justice but in a cosmic and natural way (justice as in the laws of society are the dominion of another déiwos). In the trifunctional view of Proto Indo-european society, he fulfills the role of the priest-king. He's a patron of priests and the idea of doing rituals in respectful ways.

The first part of his name, Dyéus, derives from déiwos, which is the generic term for a god. So in a way he is THE god. The second part of his name, Patér, means father. Thus, seeing him as your father in the sky is totally valid (traditional even ;)!

In english his name literally means "father daylight-sky-god"

He seems to have had a connection to oaths, coming from his connection with the natural law of the Ártus.

The sun (which has its own déiwos) is sometimes referred to as "the eye of Dyéus"

Dyéus also has other names like Olyópətēr, which means All-Father, and Mitrós, which is associated with a role he had as a double deity with another god that we will see later)

Offerings

Taken from here

Feathers of either eagles or of your local highest flying birds

Depictions or imagery of clouds

Depictions or imagery of oxen

Depictions or imagery of eagles

Depictions or imagery related to fatherhood

Golden beads

Devotional acts

Mostly UPG

Cloud watching

Wearing blue

Learning about different types of clouds

Collecting feathers

Climbing a hill or mountain

Doing things related to fatherhood or leadership

Associations

Taken from here and here

Oxen

Mountain tops

The open sky

Clouds as his herd

Eagles

Feathers of high flying birds

Eye

Gold threads

Obelisk (white)

Alder

Thursday

January

Descendants in later pantheons

The deities of the Proto Indo-European (PIE) pantheon are reconstructed based on the cognates (similar names, myths and such) between later deities in different pantheons of indo-european peoples (Greek, Roman, Germanic, Nordic, Vedic, Iranian, Celtic, Slavic, Baltic, among others). As these people spread out they took their gods with them which got reshaped through generations and the evolution of language.

Dyéus is the most securely reconstructed deity of the proto indo-europeans. Here are some of his most famous descendants or versions in later pantheons:

Zeus (Greek)

Jupiter (Roman)

Tyr (Nordic)

Tiwaz (Germanic)

Diēvas (Lithuanian)

Dyaus Pitar (Vedic)

The Dagda (Celtic)

Mitra (Vedic and Iranian)

Finally, here's his wikipedia article

[gravitasmalfunction]

I do like tumblr because it gives me opportunities to make really niche jokes. They're mostly not funny even if the reader is familiar with the niche but that's not the point.

[vijay34]

PEEK Market Analysis: Key Drivers, Challenges, and Opportunities

Rising Demand in Aerospace, Healthcare, and Automotive Sectors Fuels Growth in the Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Market.

The Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Market was valued at USD 770.75 million in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 1394.28 million by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 6.73% over the forecast period 2024-2032.

The Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Market is experiencing strong growth due to its exceptional mechanical properties, chemical resistance, high-temperature performance, and lightweight nature. PEEK, a high-performance thermoplastic, is widely used in aerospace, automotive, medical, electronics, and industrial applications. As industries seek durable, heat-resistant, and lightweight materials, PEEK has emerged as a preferred choice for replacing metals in various applications, driving market expansion.

Key Players in the PEEK Market

Victrex plc (Victrex PEEK, APTIV™)

Evonik Industries AG (VESTAKEEP®, VESTAMID®)

Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials (Ketron®, Semitron®)

Ensinger (TECAPEEK®, TECATEC)

Solvay (KetaSpire®, AvaSpire®)

Jilin Joinature Polymer Co., Ltd. (Jilin PEEK, Jilin PEEK-HT)

Panjin Zhongrun High-Performance Polymers Co., Ltd. (Zhongrun PEEK, Zhongrun PEEK-HT)

Zhongyan PEEK (Zypeek PEEK, Zypeek PEEK-HT)

Zeus Industrial Products, Inc. (Zeus PEEK Tubing, Zeus PEEK Rods)

New Technology Plastics, Inc. (PEEK Tubing, PEEK Sheets)

Future Scope of the Market

The PEEK Market is set to expand with:

Increased adoption in aerospace and automotive sectors for lightweight and fuel-efficient designs.

Growing demand in the medical industry for biocompatible implants and surgical instruments.

Rising use in electronics for high-performance insulating and semiconductor components.

Advancements in additive manufacturing (3D printing) using PEEK materials.

Development of carbon fiber and glass fiber-reinforced PEEK composites for enhanced strength and durability.

Emerging Trends in the PEEK Market

The PEEK Market is witnessing rapid innovation driven by sustainability, technological advancements, and industry-specific applications. The medical sector is increasingly utilizing PEEK-based implants as a metal alternative due to its biocompatibility and superior wear resistance. Meanwhile, the automotive and aerospace industries are leveraging PEEK’s lightweight and heat-resistant properties to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Additionally, 3D printing with PEEK filaments is revolutionizing the manufacturing sector by enabling complex and customized component designs with enhanced performance characteristics.

Key Points:

High demand in aerospace, automotive, and medical industries for lightweight, durable materials.

Increasing use of PEEK in biocompatible implants and surgical devices.

Growing adoption in electronics for insulation and semiconductor applications.

Rising interest in 3D printing with PEEK for advanced manufacturing solutions.

Development of fiber-reinforced PEEK composites for added strength and resilience.

Conclusion

The PEEK Market is poised for strong growth as industries shift toward high-performance, lightweight, and heat-resistant materials. With advancements in medical applications, additive manufacturing, and composite materials, the market is expected to see continuous innovation and expansion in the coming years.

Read Full Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/reports/polyether-ether-ketone-peek-market-1496v                             

Contact Us:

Jagney Dave — Vice President of Client Engagement

Phone: +1–315 636 4242 (US) | +44- 20 3290 5010 (UK)

[aadeshmmr]

The Polyether Polyols Market is anticipated to reach US$ 20.68 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 6.61% over the forecast period.

[creative-news-alert]

Polyether Ether Ketone Market is estimated to Witness Strong Growth Owing to Increasing Demand from Aerospace and Automotive Industries

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer belonging to the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family. It has excellent mechanical properties such as high tensile strength, impact resistance, and strong chemical resistance. PEEK is widely used in aerospace, electronics, medical, automotive and other industrial applications. In the aerospace industry, PEEK finds application in components for both commercial and military aircraft due to its lightweight as well as heat and chemical resistant properties. PEEK polymers offer greater durability and strength than metals, allowing them to replace heavier metallic components and reduce aircraft weight. The global Polyether Ether Ketone Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 840.2 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 8.5% over the forecast period 2024 to 2031, as highlighted in a new report published by Coherent Market Insights. Market Dynamics: One of the major drivers for the growth of the global Polyether Ether Ketone market size is increasing demand from the aerospace and automotive industries. PEEK offers properties like heat and chemical resistance, strength and durability which makes it an ideal material for components in aircraft and electric/hybrid vehicles. PEEK components are increasingly replacing metals in aircraft brake lines, engine cowlings and undercarriage components as they are lightweight and corrosion-resistant. In automotive, PEEK find applications in fuel cell components, connectors, seals and bearings due to its toughness and strength. This is expected to significantly drive the demand for PEEK over the forecast period. Additionally, excellent corrosion and chemical resistance properties of PEEK also drive its adoption in industrial applications in chemical processing equipment, semiconductor fabrication and electrical components. However, high material and manufacturing costs associated with PEEK limit its adoption in mass applications. Continuous research & development activities focused on reducing costs through novel manufacturing processes can help overcome this challenge and further contribute to the market growth. SWOT Analysis Strength: Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is known for its high strength, durability, and corrosion resistance compared to metals. It can withstand high temperatures up to 260°C without suffering deformation. PEEK also has good mechanical strength and offers machining versatility. Ease of molding and shaping makes PEEK suitable for a wide range of applications. Weakness: PEEK resin is more expensive than other engineering thermoplastics such as nylon and polycarbonate. PEEK is difficult to color and susceptible to stress cracking. Processing PEEK also requires investments in specialized manufacturing equipment. Opportunity: Growing demand from the aerospace and defense, medical, automotive, and electrical industries is expected to boost the PEEK market. PEEK's biocompatibility makes it suitable for medical implants. Use of PEEK in 3D printing offers new opportunities. Increasing R&D for developing novel grades of PEEK with enhanced properties will expand the material's applications. Threats: Availability of cheaper substitutes such as liquid crystal polymers and polyphenylene sulfide can replace PEEK in some non-critical applications. Macroeconomic uncertainties and supply chain disruptions affect the businesses of end-use industries adopting PEEK. Key Takeaways The global Polyether ether ketone market is expected to witness high growth over the forecast period of 2024 to 2031. The global Polyether Ether Ketone Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 840.2 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 8.5% over the forecast period 2024 to 2031.

The Asia Pacific region currently dominates the PEEK market and is anticipated to grow at a faster pace due to rapid industrialization and the growing manufacturing industry in China, India, Japan and other Southeast Asian countries. Key players operating in the Polyether ether ketone market include Victrex plc, Solvay S.A., Evonik Industries AG, Panjin Zhongrun High Performance Polymers Co. Ltd., Zyex Ltd., Quadrant EPP S.A., Prototype & Plastic Mold Company Inc., Jida Evatane, Stern Companies, Caledonian Ferguson Timpson Ltd., Darter Plastics Inc., J K Overseas, Prodas, and others. Get more insights on this topic:https://www.newswirestats.com/polyether-ether-ketone-market-size-and-outlook/

[revretch]

Can I pick your brain for ideas lil bit? I'm working on a race of sapient subterranean eusocial arthropods and I can't decide on a biological basis for them. (I've already ruled the three most typical bases for this kind of fantasy guy; ants, wasps and mantids.) I do however have a firm idea of their indigenous region; a massive biome of networked caves that support jungle-equivalent biodiversity via huge colonies of luminescent microbes that cling to the upper reaches of the caves. These arthropod folk live down here pretty exclusively, but they interact with other subterranean societies. I've also established tangentially that they've domesticated a large (described as 'dog sized') beetle whose larval form is used as livestock cause it produces an edible syrup as a waste product. anyway I guess the actual question is do you have any ideas for which real world animals I could base these arthropod folk on; or unusual directions I could take the more typical bee/ant/mantis approach.

I don't suppose termites are an option? Something unusual I never see depicted about termites is that they have not only queens, but also kings! They're also unusual in that, unlike wasps, ants and bees (who strictly have female workers), there are also male workers!

If you're looking for more unusual eusocial insects, aphids and thrips are both options.

Like termites, eusocial thrips have both male and female workers. Unlike termites, the male "workers" can breed, however. (Female workers cannot; only special breeding females.) They also have soldiers with big mantis-like claws, which are used for crushing enemy thrips (as well as secreting antifungal compounds)! They all live together in galls (swellings they induce in host plants).

Some images of a species with different galls on different plants:

Some sources:

Eusocial aphids are unusual in that instead of having a single queen or just a few queens, the majority of the population is asexual females giving birth to clones. In some species, there are also (also female, though nonreproductive) soldiers. Some soldiers have turned the central tail spike into a stinger; others have wicked crablike forms like you can see on the right, compared to the more usual reproductive aphids on the left:

Some eusocial aphids live in galls, like the thrips. Others just live out in the open like usual aphids. Soldiers' duties range from keeping the gall clean (if they live in galls), to killing hoverfly maggots which prey on aphids.

At the end of the year, the aphids lay eggs that turn into winged males and females that breed, yielding the next year's asexual, wingless females again (both soldier and non-soldier).

Some sources:

Hope this helps!

[looking-at-the-deiwos]

Ṇgʷnís

Or as I write it Ngwnís. Also found as H₁n̥gʷnis. Their name means "the active force of fire".

They are the deity of fire, lighting and artisans.

This source characterizes them as genderfluid and a trickster. They are a companion of Perkwúnos as the lighting for his thunder.

The same source connects Ngwnís to Promṇdhḗus or Promāth₂ew, which is the Proto Indo-European name origin for the later stories of the Greek Prometheus and the Indian Mātarishvan (a title of the god Agni, a descendant of Ngwnís). They are said to have stolen fire from the gods and given it to humanity.

Offerings

Fire

Candles

Imagery related to fire or lighting

Devotional acts

Light a fire in their honor, maybe a bonfire (safely)

make a craft

make jokes or pranks

help others who need you

Associations

Fire

Heat

Lighting

Artisans and crafts

Descendants in later pantheons

Agni (Vedic)

Enji (Albanian)

Ungnis (Balto-Slavic)

Finally, here's his wikipedia article

[ratcandy]

Seeing as ur a entomologist I like feel kinda silly using my limited bug facts to make a HC but I know ants are very pheromone driven and I can imagine Sozo feeling like super lost in the cult sober? Both like physically and mentally.

Like yes its very similar to a colony but there's like a biological factor missing that makes him feel lonely and disconnected. Cause he always mentions his family (wherever they are now) and how he clearly misses them and it could be the very fact lone ants don't survive long.

Like he can't get around well cause he probably barely left the grotto while infected and even then the Mushrooms led him back but there's no pheromone trail the cult. Or just having different task everyday. Cause I like to think he was like a scout since he was a researcher and not being able to do that role anymore like messes with him cause yeah it's easier to cook meals or serve a pint but he was like bred to do that and ant life is just so different from where he is now.

Sorry for rambling but i just really liked ur takes on Sozo and how you draw him and I wanted to share :]

DON'T WORRY about limited bug facts I am only a student!! And while I have done actual research on ants in an Ant Lab, that project was specifically about genome stuff regarding an invasive species, so my ant knowledge isn't super duper detailed!! I can just tell you basic stuff really sdghKJH

But the idea that Sozo would be absolutely Screwed Over in the cult due to pheromone fuckery* (or lack thereof) is totally valid!!!! And I love adding more things to make him suffer (lovingly) so Hell Yea. Whether the lack of a pheromone trail would be an issue for him or not would mostly depend on how anthropomorphized these guys are though,,,, regardless I am ALL for it

And definitely regarding him being lonely + Absolutely decimated by the fact he has no idea where he is or how to get back to his family. Like that whole situation is just Ow from an emotional standpoint, not even touching the Ant Biology. But touching the ant biology, ants having a lower life expectancy in isolation isn't just due to the Dangers, isolated ants just seemingly die faster than grouped ants, with no real known reason why (the journal I linked hypothesizes that it is a mixture of energy imbalance - as isolated ants tend to walk around more and spend a ton of energy - and issues with digesting food while alone). So that is a Very Real threat looming over him, if we're paying attention to that!!

AND Sozo being a colony's scout would make sense!! Not only for plot (him getting lost), but also for real ants, the older ones are the ones that do the foraging. Younger ants tend to stay at/near the colony while older ones go out longer distances (bees are the same way, it's called temporal polyethism!). So him being an Old Man on his last go out makes total sense. It's just an upsetting last excursion, since he can't get back to his family now.

And now he can't do it,,, yeah :( Having instaed to provide for this "new" colony that doesn't function the same way as he/his family did.... Culture shock to the Extreme

*(speaking of pheromone fuckery, now that we're talking about irl ant stuff, i had a really self-indulgent angst idea a while back about any of Sozo's family actually trying to track down where he was. Because if they did stumble across the grotto, before even getting NEAR the skull he hid away/died in, they would be able to sense the death pheromone. The very specific "i'm dead, bring me back to the colony" chemical that dead ants love to give off. like that would be a suck shit way to find out ur family member died)

[foundationsolution1]

The Power Of Polymer: Unfolding The Magic Of Polyurethane Foam Production

INTRODUCTION:

In the dynamic and evolving world of polymer science, one name specifically stands out due to its versatility and vast applicability – Polyurethane. A byproduct of the mind-boggling chemical reaction between two liquid materials, polyurethane is a unique type of polymer that effectively transforms into a foam. This article endeavors to offer you a detailed look into the exciting world of polyurethane foam production

THE DYNAMIC DUO:

Polyurethane foam is produced when two chemically distinct liquid materials – commonly referred to as the “”A”” component and “”B”” component – are combined under specifically controlled conditions.

The “”A”” component, or Polymeric MDI (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate), is a reactive isocyanate that boasts a relatively low viscosity level, enabling it to mix flawlessly with the “”B”” component. It has a brownish coloration and often exudes a slightly sweet smell.

Meanwhile, the “”B”” component, also known as Polyol, is a polyether compound that is generally less reactive than its “”A”” counterpart. It is characterized by a pale, almost transparent color and presents a tasteless, odorless profile.

POLYURETHANE PRODUCTION:

Let’s delve into the fascinating process through which these two distinct liquids join forces to produce the mighty polyurethane foam.

When combined, the polyether polyol and the polymeric MDI kickstart an exothermic chemical reaction that generates a considerable amount of heat. During this process, tiny gas bubbles are formed, which get trapped within the polymer structure, eventually giving rise to what we commonly recognize as foam. This intriguing process is commonly referred to as “”foaming.””

The reaction’s speed and the cell structure’s quality are heavily dependent on the specific quantities and properties of the A and B components. Manipulating these parameters allows for the production of a wide variety of foam types from rigid and semi-rigid to flexible. Additionally, various catalysts and surfactants can be added to control the cell structure’s size and distribution, as well as the reaction speed.

The transformation process from a liquid state to a solid, foamed state is surprisingly quick – often taking less than a few minutes. However, it’s noteworthy to mention that the foam continues to cure and reach its complete strength over the course of a few hours or even days.

APPLICATIONS OF POLYURETHANE FOAM:

The versatility of polyurethane foam is extraordinary. From furniture and bedding to automotive applications, thermal insulation in construction, and even in the footwear industry, polyurethane foam has spread its roots far and wide.

UNDERSTANDING THE SCIENCE:

The combination of a polyether polyol and a polymeric MDI generates not just heat but also a new product – urethane. Urethane forms strong, resilient bonds that contribute to the flexible, durable nature of the resultant foam. This is what makes polyurethane an excellent choice for various applications that require durability, flexibility, and excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties.

In conclusion, the creation of polyurethane foam from two liquid materials is a mesmerizing example of polymer formation, which encapsulates the dexterity and capability of synthetic chemistry. By manipulating the compounds’ properties and the conditions under which the reaction occurs, scientists and engineers have managed to expand the realms of possibility, thereby furthering the boundaries of modern industrial applications. Thus, polyurethane foam not only offers an excellent material for various purposes but also profoundly echoes the power and potential of polymer science.

Tagged Foundation Solutions, Polymer, Power Of Polymer

[kingdrawcse]

chemistry in sports, spandex

As temperatures rise, it’s time for water fun. Swimwear is essential, and spandex, known as “Lycra,” is a key fabric component. Invented by DuPont in 1958, spandex is an elastic fiber made from polyether-polyurea copolymers. It can stretch up to 600% and return to its original shape. It’s lightweight, smooth, durable, and static-free. In the 1968 Winter Olympics, French skiers first used spandex in their competition suits.

Due to its excellent elasticity, strength, wrinkle resistance, and quick-drying ability, spandex is widely used in sports apparel like tight-fitting garments, professional swimsuits, cycling gear, and gymnastics attire. In everyday clothing, spandex is added in small amounts to increase elasticity. For example, the elasticity in stretchy jeans comes from the spandex blended into the fabric.