#sharksenses

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Sharks are surely one of the worlds most misunderstood species. The misconception about sharks is what is killing them. Here is a diagram of a shark and their 7 senses. YES, 7! They have TWO additional senses than us. They can sense Electrical reception through jelly-filled bulbs at the top of their nose. The reason this is crucial, is for hunting when fish are struggling they let out electrical signals that are sensed through the ampullae of Lorenzini. They also have this lateral line which is similar to the ampullae but is used to detect pressure vibration horizontally all over their body to detect the size of animals or structures near by. (Campagno et al. 2005) #Repost @changingseas ・・・ #Repost @sharkeducation with @get_repost ・・・ Check out these impressive shark senses. Did you know that a shark's sense of smell is about 10,000 times greater than ours? They are JAWsome! 🦈⠀ ⠀ Artwork @underwatercameraman ⠀ .⠀ .⠀ .⠀ #sharkeducation #shark #senses #smell #socool #jawsome #impressive #mindblown #amazing #animals #sharkfacts #sharksenses #sharks #savesharks #sharkresearch • Post by: @scubabarbie7 Photo by: @sharkeducation • Want to learn more? Check us out at OneOceanDiving.com & JOIN US in the water  in #Hawaii on #Oahu’s #NorthShore to #SwimWithSharks and #DiveWithSharksInHawaii with a @OneOceanDiving trained #MarineBiologist / #SharkSafetyDiver #HelpSaveSharks #savesharks #itstheirocean #apexpredatornotmonster #finbannow #stopfinning Check out our #Shark and #MarineResearch @OneOceanResearch and our #Education outreach program @OneOceanEducation #LearnAboutSharks and our Non-Profit @WaterInspired conservation group and Founders: @Juansharks and @oceanramsey Want to join the team? Become a @OneOceanGlobal Ambassador Looking to support in other ways? Check out our not-for-profit marine conservation awareness apparel and gifts @OneOceanDesigns or at www.Oneoceandesigns.com Mahalo and Thank you for Supporting #InternationalSharkProject #HawaiiSharkCount #SharkResearch #Ocean #OneOcean #SaveTheOcean #SaveSharks #HelpSaveSharks #OceanConservation #SharkConservation #ApexPredatorNotMonster (at Haleiwa, Hawaii) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bvp5dVcjY0Z/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=oik20kkwh4za

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Linha Lateral

Responsável, basicamente, pela percepção de alterações nas vibrações e pressões do meio líquido, o sistema de linha lateral nos Chondrichthyes é extremamente desenvolvido. 

A linha lateral é uma série de canais interconectados que vão desde a parte detrás da cabeça até o lobo superior da nadadeira caudal, nos dois lados do corpo formando uma linha distinta (Fig. 1). 

Fig. 1 - Representação da linha lateral Fonte: Shark Project

Os canais se abrem pro meio externo por meio de pequenos poros que permitem a penetração de água (Fig. 2). 

Fig. 2 - Poros da linha lateral em um tubarão anequim Fonte: TeLiga

Estes canais internos possuem grande quantidade de células ciliadas denominadas neuromástias. Na medida em que a água é deslocada pelos movimentos dos animais nas proximidades de um tubarão, pequenas ondas são criadas  e conforme vão passando pelas neuromástias elas vão enviando sinais ao cérebro (Fig. 3). O próprio movimento dos tubarões cria essas ondas que são refletidas e depois retornam ao animal fazendo uma espécie de eco vibracional criando um mapa do seu arredor. 

Fig. 3 - Detalhe das células neuromástias Fonte: HowStuffWorks

A frequência ou a natureza irregular dessas vibrações possibilita o tubarão identificar se o animal que está na área está doente ou machucado.

Especialmente nos tubarões, esse sistema sensorial pode explicar parcialmente a atração que esses animais sentem por vibrações irregulares.

Em tubarões muito rápidos a linha lateral é formada de criptas sensoriais e não de poros. As criptas sensoriais são também chamadas “pit-organs” e são sensíveis a estímulos elétricos e estímulos químicos (“toque à distância”).

Bibliografia consultada

Gadig, O.B.F. 2006. Sensoriaula. Apostila do curso Biologia de Tubarões e Raias. Aquário de Ubatuba.

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[oneoceandiving]

While sharks are sometimes portrayed as mindless hunters, they actually have a very complex set of senses that help them navigate the world around them in a calculated manner. A very important part of these senses include the ampullae of Lorenzini. Ampullae of Lorenzini are electrosenses located on the nose of the shark that are used to detect electric stimuli of other things around them at a close distance. They could even detect a beating heart!! (Benningfield, 2011) The pores that lead to the ampullary organs can be seen with the naked eye on the nose of the shark. The ampullary organs are gel-filled pits that are lined with nerve cells. This allows the ampullae of Lorenzini to send signals to the brain where there are any electrical stimulus produced by nearby fish or prey. (Freitas et.al. 2006) By being able to sense these electric fields, the shark is able to find prey hidden in the sand, which is especially helpful for bottom-dwelling sharks like nurse sharks (Fields et.al. 2007) and the hammerhead shark which uses its hammer like head called cephalofoil like a metal detector. Since the shark is able to detect electric stimuli of nearby beings with the help of the ampullae of Lorenzini, it could also help them to detect magnetic fields. In this way, the ampullae of Lorenzini could help the shark follow currents and navigate the open ocean. (Benningfield, 2011) Sharks have many adaptive systems that are key to their survival, with the ampullae of Lorenzini just being one fun sense! #thenoseknows #sharksense Post by @kberry122 Photo by @juansharks _______________ Want to learn more about sharks or adoption visit our website: OneOceanDiving.com & JOIN US in the water in #Hawaii on #Oahu’s #NorthShore to #SwimWithSharks and #DiveWithSharksInHawaii with a @OneOceanDiving trained #MarineBiologist / #SharkSafetyDiver Check out our #Shark and #MarineResearch @OneOceanResearch and our outreach program @OneOceanEducation #LearnAboutSharks and our Non-Profit @WaterInspired conservation group and Founders: @Juansharks and @oceanramsey

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