#silicide

[materialsscienceandengineering]

The Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon Ternary System

The winner of Phase Poll #4 was magnesium by a clear margin (41%), while the other two elements were decently split (25% Al, 33% Si). As a result, that puts us squarely in the Mg2Si phase on the phase diagram above. Before we spend time discussing this phase diagram, though, I want to talk about ternary phase diagrams in general, and how binary phase diagrams can be seen in liquidus projections.

To start with, the Al-Si binary system is a eutectic system, with the eutectic point at a little over 10% (mol%, here) Si. This can be seen pretty clearly in ternary phase diagrams by looking at the Al-Si side of the plot. Above, we can see the line that branches from just over 10% Si - and we can see it again if we look at other ternary systems, like the Al-Cu-Si system and the Al-Si-Zn system. An example projection of a binary system with two eutectics, projected onto a ternary system, is shown below:

In this way, we can still gain some understanding about what a binary system would look like, even if we only have the liquidus projection of a ternary system containing that binary.

But, onto Al-Mg-Si in particular. The Al-Si alloy classification is a broad one, leading to alloys with low density, high corrosion resistance, and good castability, but these alloys are not easily heat-treatable, which is where the Mg comes in. With the addition of Mg, alloys in this ternary system are thus well used, offering strength in addition to being light weight. They are often used in the automotive and aerospace industries, with the addition of other elements (Fe, Cu, etc.) as desired, and are typically produced through casting. One common alloy used for additive manufacturing is known as Al-Si10-Mg.

The voted for phase, Mg2Si (ignoring the Al content), is an inorganic compound that functions as a narrow bandgap semiconductor and has applications in thermoelectrics. In Al-Mg-Si alloys, the phase acts as a precipitation hardening mechanism, brittle but strong. In addition, it is sometimes used as feedstock material for the creation of aluminum alloys.

Sources/Further Reading: ( 1 - image 1 ) ( 2 - image 2 ) ( 3 - image 3 ) ( 4 - image 4 ) ( ternary phase diagrams ) ( Mg2Si )

More phase diagrams: ( ternary diagram ) ( 500K ternary ) ( 700K ternary ) ( 1000K ternary ) ( 1500K ternary ) ( computed vertical sections, Al-Mg-Si )

[importexportinfo]

https://www.thetradevision.com/products/silicide-import-export-data

In a silicide, silicon is combined with an element that is typically more electropositive. Compared to carbon, silicon is more electropositive. Download silicide buyers suppliers details here.

[seirclys]

OG! Penelope Eckhart Headcanons: A Life Before the Eckharts

Part 6!

This one was uh... it took a while. While some may remember Shrike's version of Penelope's parents, who are perhaps the best parents she could ask for... the reality, I think, will be much darker.

Studies, like Bywaters et al. (2022), which is a critical review of research papers in the period between 2016-2021 that compiles evidence and analyzes them together, show that food insecurity, low income, unemployment, and other factors in relation to poverty lead to a higher chance of childhood neglect.[1]

Given that from canon, we know that Penelope's father is dead or at least presumed so— "Her widowed mother was a poor traveling merchant"[2]— it's reasonable to assume that he's just not in the picture.

From Part 4, if you recall, Penelope is a World Catalyst where her world is expressed as a romance-genre dating simulator. I'll definitely elaborate on this in another part, but suffice to say, Penelope's life is pretty much written to be tragic no matter what.

Thus, isn't it fitting to give her a just-as-horrible childhood before the Eckharts?

It would certainly explain why she was so desperate for love, despite the seemingly-obvious idea that she misses the love of her biological family.

The Father— Aleksander

Aleksander is a Greek name meaning "defender of the people", with this particular variant can be traced to Central and Eastern Europe.

Aleksander is from the Northern territories of the Eorka Empire, near the borderlands with treacherous, eternal winter. He moved from the North to warmer lands when he became of age.

He had three siblings, but his older sister died shortly after marriage. On the other hand, his younger brother died in childhood from sickness and a particularly harsh winter.

His father disappeared one day while hunting for prey in the forests, and his mother was beaten to death for stealing from a noble household.

Aleksander has classic, deep magenta curls (think old Hollywood). The color is so dark that it looks black.

His hair is left somewhat lengthy, reaching his mid-back and tied back with a ribbon.

In addition, his eyes match his hair but have an orange glow to them instead.

He has a slender physique, not necessarily muscular or very strong.

Aleksander is extremely religious.

He has a pleasant smile and a gentle disposition, but that doesn't mean he's weak or useless.

He knows how to wield a small dagger, but that's it.

Aleksander was a doting father and loving husband, content with a simple life with his family.

Originally, he left the church he was a part of to follow his wife, but left and returned to his religion and the North when he found out that Penelope had mana.

His religion actively pursues wizards and those of Ancient Wizard blood, and his daughter is no exception.

It's unclear what happened on the day he found out. All his wife knows is that when she returned from her daily trip to the marketplace to sell her wares, her husband was gone, with blood on the bed.

Penelope was holding her neck, terrified.

In the aftermath, he became obsessed with tracking down wizards to "atone" for not having killed Penelope, torn between the guilt of attempted silicide and also the regret of not having snuffed out an Arcani's life.

He feels similarly torn with Nilar, reasoning that since he can never be a descendant of those filthy traitors who served Laila(the Ancient Wizards), then Penelope's magic must have come from his ex-wife.

Aleksander's fate is unknown, but evidently kept out of the capital and surrounding territories, staying in the outskirts. Penelope never met him again.

Edit: ok I didn't mention his third sibling but his mother had the baby when he was away studying to be a priest. It's not clear what happened to the child, but it died before he could meet his sibling.

In truth, Aleksander HAS Ancient Wizard heritage, ironically — his sibling was killed because flowers started blooming around the infant in the middle of winter. Like, summer flowers in the crib, growing out of the mattress.

His mother, terrified, suffocated the infant. Truly, like mother, like son.

The Mother— Nilar

Nilar is a female name of Burmese origin meaning "Sapphire", with the origin having NOTHING to do with my characterization of Penelope's mom. I left the choice up to @eloise175 in a blind-box situation.

If it had any bearing, it would be that Nilar was born in a foreign land but is Eorkan by blood. Her parents just settled down in a foreign land for a bit to ride out the pregnancy.

She was part of a merchant ship crew that docked frequently in the port city of Tratan. By extension, it's near Soleil Island, which is Laila's hideout.

She has abandonment issues due to her parents' mysterious disappearance when she was young. While traveling, she met Aleksander and fell deeply in love.

Nilar is an accomplished Arcani(One who uses mana and is of Ancient Wizard descent). However, her love for Aleksander blinded her, causing her to seal her own powers so he wouldn't turn on her.

Nilar's mother's powers were primarily water-based, which is why they were seafaring. Her powers are Earth-based.

Nilar's hair is naturally a bright pale turquoise-green with darker roots, ending around her mid-thighs. The ends of her hair shift according to her mana. It'll turn from a burnt-sienna color to a pale blonde when uses her powers.

As a civilian, her hair is kept in a low bun.

Nilar's eyes are bright green, near-glowing in their saturated hues. She passed them onto her daughter, though Penelope's eyes tend to stray more turquoise.

She has a soft expression as her default, but her face is naturally stern, which is where Penelope's default "villainess expression" stems from.

In addition, she has a strong physique, from her years as a mercenary in addition to being a merchant. She didn't just settle in Eorka but traveled all over the world before meeting Aleksander.

Had she never settled down with Aleksander, she might've been hired as an Imperial mage, or even an Archmage to fight for the Empire.

Nilar's love blinds her to the red flags surrounding her husband.

After she had Penelope, she became more frail as a result(Giving birth to a World Catalyst, especially one so connected to the world, takes a toll).

When she found out that Aleksander left with her daughter injured, Nilar kind of shut down. She tried to take care of Penelope but found herself spiralling into self-doubt, especially since her daughter looks just like her missing husband with the hair and smile.

As Penelope grew older, Nilar worsened in health, especially since she could no longer easily support two people and pay for expensive medication. She didn't unseal her mana, deluding herself that Aleksander would come back. Poverty made things worse, and the neglect and abuse began to worsen.

Nilar would always cry and apologize to Penelope but it became so frequent that Penelope began to doubt her. Her health and mental state deteriorated to the point where her own mana was lashing out against her, worsening her condition.

Eventually, she died of sickness, a mere three months away from Penelope's 10th birthday.

Life as a Street Orphan

Penelope wandered for many months between villages and towns, hitching rides on merchant carts in exchange for some labor.

She would take refuge in abandoned houses, sheds, and as she got to larger settlements, brothels.

The ladies there cooed over her magenta hair and sparkling eyes, giving her at least a warm bath and clean(if a bit shabby) clothing.

When she got to the capital, Penelope, again, stayed in some of the brothels. She acted as a messenger girl and was groomed to be one of the upcoming new flowers(essentially, she would've started working at the brothel when she was fifteen).

However, an incident with an unruly customer who tried to touch her made her lash out and stab the customer to death with a sharp hairpin.

She fled the brothel, living on the streets as she continued to wander further and further away. She lived in a dilapidated shed amongst the rest of the shacks. It was barely standing with one wall completely broken down.

During the rainy season, Penelope dragged herself back only to find a woman collapsed in her shed, clearly dead.

At this point, she was too weak and hunger-starved to drag the body out, so she stayed inside with the body.

Eventually, this was how Duke Eckhart found her.

[2-kamikou-1]

call me a negative silicon ion the way im silicide. al.

[giresearch]

Global Dichlorosilane Market Size, Growth Rate, Industry opportunities 2024-2030

Global Info Research announces the release of the report “Global Dichlorosilane Market 2024 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2030” . The report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis presented by region and country, type and application. As the market is constantly changing, the report explores the competition, supply and demand trends, as well as key factors that contribute to its changing demands across many markets. Company profiles and product examples of selected competitors, along with market share estimates of some of the selected leaders for the year 2024, are provided. In addition, the report provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.

According to our (Global Info Research) latest study, the global Dichlorosilane market size was valued at USD 248 million in 2023 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 371.2 million by 2030 with a CAGR of 5.9% during review period. Dichlorosilane (CAS 4109-96-0) is a silicon precursor for epitaxial silicon, silicon germanium, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon carbide and metal silicide thin films. Flammable. Liquefied gas with pungent odor. The Global Info Research report includes an overview of the development of the Dichlorosilane industry chain, the market status of Semiconductor (Below 99%, 99% and Above), Silicone (polysiloxane) polymers (Below 99%, 99% and Above), and key enterprises in developed and developing market, and analysed the cutting-edge technology, patent, hot applications and market trends of Dichlorosilane. Regionally, the report analyzes the Dichlorosilane markets in key regions. North America and Europe are experiencing steady growth, driven by government initiatives and increasing consumer awareness. Asia-Pacific, particularly China, leads the global Dichlorosilane market, with robust domestic demand, supportive policies, and a strong manufacturing base. Key Features:

Global Dichlorosilane market size and forecasts, in consumption value), sales quantity, and average selling prices, 2019-2029

Global Dichlorosilane market size and forecasts by region and country, in consumption value, sales quantity, and average selling prices, 2019-2029

Global Dichlorosilane market size and forecasts, by Type and by Application, in consumption value, sales quantity, and average selling prices, 2019-2029

Global Dichlorosilane market shares of main players, shipments in revenue, sales quantity, and ASP, 2019-2024

The Primary Objectives in This Report Are:

To determine the size of the total market opportunity of global and key countries

To assess the growth potential for Dichlorosilane

To forecast future growth in each product and end-use market

To assess competitive factors affecting the marketplace

This report profiles key players in the global Dichlorosilane market based on the following parameters - company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments.

The report involves analyzing the market at a macro level: Market Sizing and Segmentation: Report collect data on the overall market size, including the sales quantity (K Units), revenue generated, and market share of different by Type:     Below 99%     99% and Above Industry Analysis: Report analyse the broader industry trends, such as government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer preferences, and market dynamics. This analysis helps in understanding the key drivers and challenges influencing the Dichlorosilane market. Regional Analysis: The report involves examining the Dichlorosilane market at a regional or national level. Report analyses regional factors such as government incentives, infrastructure development, economic conditions, and consumer behaviour to identify variations and opportunities within different markets. Market Projections: Report covers the gathered data and analysis to make future projections and forecasts for the Dichlorosilane market. This may include estimating market growth rates, predicting market demand, and identifying emerging trends. The report also involves a more granular approach to Dichlorosilane: Company Analysis: Report covers individual Dichlorosilane manufacturers, suppliers, and other relevant industry players. This analysis includes studying their financial performance, market positioning, product portfolios, partnerships, and strategies. Consumer Analysis: Report covers data on consumer behaviour, preferences, and attitudes towards Dichlorosilane This may involve surveys, interviews, and analysis of consumer reviews and feedback from different by Application:     Semiconductor     Silicone (polysiloxane) polymers

Technology Analysis: Report covers specific technologies relevant to Dichlorosilane. It assesses the current state, advancements, and potential future developments in Dichlorosilane areas. Competitive Landscape: By analyzing individual companies, suppliers, and consumers, the report present insights into the competitive landscape of the Dichlorosilane market. This analysis helps understand market share, competitive advantages, and potential areas for differentiation among industry players. Market Validation: The report involves validating findings and projections through primary research, such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.

The Main Contents of the Report, includes a total of 15 chapters:

Chapter 1, to describe Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment) product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.

Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment), with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment) from 2019 to 2024.

Chapter 3, the Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment) competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.

Chapter 4, the Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment) breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2019 to 2030.

Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2019 to 2030.

Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2023.and Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment) market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2025 to 2030.

Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends and Porters Five Forces analysis.

Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment).

Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Optical Tweezers (Mechanobiology Equipment) sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.

The analyst presents a detailed picture of the market by the way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources by an analysis of key parameters. Our report on the Dichlorosilane market covers the following areas:

Dichlorosilane market sizing

Dichlorosilane market forecast

Dichlorosilane market industry analysis

Analyze the needs of the global Dichlorosilanebusiness market

Answer the market level of global Dichlorosilane

Statistics the annual growth of the global Dichlorosilaneproduction market

The main producers of the global Dichlorosilaneproduction market

Describe the growth factor that promotes market demand

Global Info Research is a company that digs deep into global industry information to support enterprises with market strategies and in-depth market development analysis reports. We provides market information consulting services in the global region to support enterprise strategic planning and official information reporting, and focuses on customized research, management consulting, IPO consulting, industry chain research, database and top industry services. At the same time, Global Info Research is also a report publisher, a customer and an interest-based suppliers, and is trusted by more than 30,000 companies around the world. We will always carry out all aspects of our business with excellent expertise and experience.

[edgetechindustriesllc]

Properties of Zirconia

Zirconia, also known as zirconia (ZrO2), is an inorganic non-metallic material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and excellent electrical conductivity. In addition to the traditional use of refractory materials and ceramic pigments, ZrO2 is also used in high-tech fields such as electronic ceramics, functional ceramics and structural ceramics.

Physical and chemical properties

1. Physical properties

Zirconium dioxide has excellent properties such as high melting point and boiling point, high hardness, insulator at room temperature, and conductivity at high temperature.

Zirconium dioxide has three crystal types, which belong to the oxide of polycrystalline phase transformation. The stable low-temperature phase has a monoclinic structure (m-ZrO2). The tetragonal phase (t-ZrO2) is gradually formed when the temperature is higher than 1000℃, until 2370℃, only the tetragonal phase exists, and when it is higher than 2370℃, it is cubic at the melting point. Crystal phase (c-ZrO2). ZrO2 shrinks in volume during the heating process, but expands in the cooling process. Therefore, in order to prevent volume changes during use, the crystal form must be stabilized. Commonly used stabilizers are Y2O3, CaO, MgO, CeO2 and other rare earth oxides. The cation radius of these oxides is similar to that of Zr4+ (within 12% difference), and their solubility in ZrO2 is very large, and they can form monoclinic, tetragonal and cubic displacement solid solutions with ZrO2. This solid solution can be quickly cooled to avoid eutectoid decomposition, and is maintained to room temperature in a metastable state. The cubic solid solution obtained by rapid cooling remains stable, no phase change occurs, no volume change, this kind of ZrO2 is called fully stable ZrO2, written as FSZ.

Based on the characteristic conditions of the ZrO2 crystal form transformation and the effects of different types of stabilizers, usually the effective addition amounts (molar fractions) of stabilizers Y2O3, CaO, MgO, and CeO2 are 7% to 14%, 15% to 29%, and 16%, respectively. ～26%,>13%. According to different application conditions, the stabilizer can be used alone or mixed to obtain ZrO2 products with different properties.

2. ZrO2 chemical properties

Zirconia has good chemical properties. It is a weakly acidic oxide and has sufficient stability to alkaline solutions and many acidic solutions (except hot concentrated H2SO4, HF and H3PO4). The crucible made of ZrO2 can smelt various metals such as potassium, sodium, aluminum and iron. It is also stable to sulfides, phosphides, etc. Many silicide melts and slag have no effect on sintering ZrO2.

Molten alkali silicate and molten silicate containing alkaline earth metals have corrosive effects on sintered ZrO2 at high temperatures. The strong base reacts with ZrO2 at high temperature to form the corresponding zirconate. In the vacuum at high temperature (above 2220℃), ZrO2 reacts with carbon to generate ZrC, and reacts with hydrogen or nitrogen to generate corresponding hydrides or nitrides.

[jhavelikes]

Most H2 produced today is derived from fossil fuels, which contributes to global warming. Manufacturing H2 from water through the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) requires the use of a catalyst, or agent that lowers the amount of energy required for a chemical reaction. Until recently, these catalysts were made up of rare earth metals, like platinum, reducing the cost-efficiency and practicality of clean hydrogen production. A group of material scientists from Dalian University of Technology in Dalian, China manufactured an electrocatalyst, or a catalyst that uses electricity, using inexpensive materials and methods to effectively decrease the energy required to generate clean H2 from water. Importantly, the ferric-nickel silicide (FeNiSi) alloy, or mixture, also reduces the energy required to generate O2 from water, making the catalyst bifunctional.

Durable, inexpensive electrocatalyst generates clean hydrogen and oxygen from water

[storeinnovacera]

Advanced Ceramics Is The Most Potential Development In New Materials Field

According to the preparation technology and application field of ceramics, ceramics can be divided into traditional ceramic materials and advanced ceramic materials. Advanced ceramics have gradually become an important part of new materials. Advanced ceramics: according to chemical composition can be divided into oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics, carbide ceramics, boride ceramics, silicide ceramics, fluoride ceramics, sulfide ceramics, and so on. According to its properties and uses, it can be divided into two categories: energy ceramics and structural ceramics. Functional ceramics are mainly based on the special functions of materials, with electrical properties, magnetic properties, biological properties, thermal sensitivity, optical properties, and other characteristics, mainly including insulating and dielectric ceramics, ferroelectric ceramics, piezoelectric ceramics, semiconductor, and sensitive ceramics, etc. Structural ceramics are mainly based on the mechanical and structural uses of materials, with high strength, high hardness, high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and other characteristics.

Advanced Ceramics Is The Most Potential Development In New Materials Field Structural ceramics with their excellent mechanical and thermal properties become an important branch of ceramic materials, accounting for about 30% of the whole ceramic market. In nearly 20 years, the national major projects and cutting-edge technology in ceramic material and its preparation technology is also put forward higher demands and challenges, such as aerospace rocket liquid hydrogen in liquid oxygen turbine pump use of silicon nitride ceramic bearings under the condition of low-temperature extremes no-slip condition at high speed, requirements at the beginning of the ceramic bearing high strength, good, wear resistance, surface processing of high precision; The large size ceramic sealing ring used in the main pump of nuclear power plant needs long service life and high reliability. In particular, the silicon carbide ceramic reflector used in the ground monitoring of the earth satellite shooting targets, in addition to high elastic modulus, low thermal expansion coefficient, and lightweight, requires high precision ultra-mirror and large size. This is a challenge to the molding technology, sintering technology, and processing technology of large-size structure ceramic materials. In optical communication, the inner hole of the optical fiber connector is 125 microns, and it requires a very high surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and concentricity. So Structural ceramics is the most promising quality material in an extreme environment. For the oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics in structural ceramics, below is their feature: Alumina ceramics: the earliest and most widely used structural ceramics Zirconia ceramics: high-performance structural ceramics, toughening is the key to preparation Beryllium oxide ceramics: oxide ceramics with the highest thermal conductivity, Silicon nitride ceramics: one of the materials with the best comprehensive properties in advanced ceramics Aluminum nitride ceramics: ideal structural material for microelectronics industry circuit board and packaging Boron nitride ceramics: soft ceramics in ceramic materials, good machinability Read the full article

[bharatoffpage]

How is ferro silicon made ?

Ferrosilicon is produced either in a blast furnace or electric arc furnace by the reduction of quartz sand (SiO2) with coke in the presence of iron. The melt is poured out of the furnace and solidifies in the form of a flat sheet.

or

Ferrosilicon is an alloy of iron and silicon with a typical silicon content by weight of 15–90%. It contains a high proportion of iron silicides.

Visit : https://www.bharatengg.in/ferro-alloy/ferro-silicon-exporters-from-india.php to know more

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Green hydrogen: Nanostructured nickel silicide shines as a catalyst

Electrolysis might be a familiar concept from chemistry lessons in school: Two electrodes are immersed in water and put under voltage. This voltage causes water molecules to break down into their components, and gas bubbles rise at the electrodes: Oxygen gas forms at the anode, while hydrogen bubbles form at the cathode. Electrolysis could produce hydrogen in a CO2-neutral way—as long as the required electricity is generated by fossil free energy forms such as sun or wind.

The only problem is that these reactions are not very efficient and extremely slow. To speed up the reactions, catalysts are used, based on precious and rare metals such as platinum, ruthenium or iridium. For large-scale use, however, such catalysts must consist of widely available and very cheap elements.

Chemically induced nanostructures

To accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode, nickel-based materials are considered as good candidates. Nickel is resistant to corrosion, hardly toxic and also inexpensive. Until now, however, energy-intensive high-temperature processes have been mostly used to produce nickel-based catalyst materials.

Read more.

[edgetechindustriesllc]

Molybdenum Silicide Sheet, 1mm thick by Edgetch Industries LLC. Other shapes such as plates, target are available on request.