#vasa crew members

[ltwilliammowett]

Skeletons of the Vasa - update

In the 1960s, 17-19 skeletons were recovered from the Vasa. I had reported on this. But new research has shown that one of the individuals was not what was first believed. The skeleton that is on display in the museum as G-Gustav has now been renamed Gertrude, because new DNA analyses at the beginning of the year showed that Gustav was not a man but a woman. According to the new genetic analysis, "she was about 25-30 years old when she died, had blue eyes, blond hair and pale skin," told Oscar Nilsson, Live Science in an email, a forensic pathologist based in Sweden. He was the one who gave Gustav his face in 2006 and now had the opportunity to give Gertrude her true appearance. 

Gustav (x)

Nilsson also worked with Anna Silwerulv, a textile expert at the Vasa Museum, to dress the reconstruction in a dark grey jacket and hat, as parts of these garments were found with her remains.

Gertrude (x)

Microscopic analysis revealed that the hat was bright red. "And the original design was striking: a very high hat, reminiscent of the traditional festive clothing of the Swedish and also the Sami peasants," says Nilsson. You could also tell from her vest that she had been a hard-working woman, which made her seem quite harsh even though she was so young, which had also led to Gustav being estimated to be around 45 at the time. Gertrude's presence on the Vasa leads to the conclusion that she had been married to one of the sailors, because only wives were allowed to be present on the maiden voyage.

Gertrude without her hat (x)

The museum reacted immediately and named her skeleton correctly and her new facial reconstruction has been on display since the end of June.

[jennatheswede]

Listen I know there’s a time gap but I’m just saying that I think Swede was either a crew member of The Vasa or related to one.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.23

30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra.[citation needed] 20 BC – Ludi Volcanalici are held within the temple precinct of Vulcan, and used by Augustus to mark the treaty with Parthia and the return of the legionary standards that had been lost at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC.[citation needed] AD 79 – Mount Vesuvius begins stirring, on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. 476 – Odoacer, chieftain of the Germanic tribes (Herulic - Scirian foederati), is proclaimed rex Italiae ("King of Italy") by his troops. 1244 – Siege of Jerusalem: The city's citadel, the Tower of David, surrenders to Khwarezmian Empire. 1268 – The Battle of Tagliacozzo marks the fall of the Hohenstaufen family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy. 1305 – Sir William Wallace is executed for high treason at Smithfield, London. 1328 – Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers. 1382 – Siege of Moscow: The Golden Horde led by Tokhtamysh lays siege to the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. 1514 – The Battle of Chaldiran ends with a decisive victory for the Sultan Selim I, Ottoman Empire, over the Shah Ismail I, founder of the Safavid dynasty. 1521 – Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent. 1541 – French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada. 1572 – French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. 1595 – Long Turkish War: Wallachian prince Michael the Brave confronts the Ottoman army in the Battle of Călugăreni and achieves a tactical victory. 1600 – Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara. 1628 – George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton. 1655 – Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. 1703 – Edirne event: Sultan Mustafa II of the Ottoman Empire is dethroned. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion. 1784 – Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years. 1799 – Napoleon I of France leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power. 1813 – At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army. 1831 – Nat Turner's slave rebellion is suppressed. 1839 – The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for the First Opium War with Qing China. 1864 – American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas. 1866 – Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague. 1873 – Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens. 1898 – The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London. 1904 – The automobile tire chain is patented. 1914 – World War I: The British Expeditionary Force and the French Fifth Army begin their Great Retreat before the German Army. 1914 – World War I: Japan declares war on Germany. 1921 – British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive. 1923 – Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours. 1927 – Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial. 1929 – Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city. 1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations. 1942 – World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad. 1943 – World War II: Kharkiv is liberated by the Soviet Union after the Battle of Kursk. 1944 – World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allies. 1944 – World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies. 1944 – Freckleton Air Disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England, killing 61 people. 1945 – World War II: Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War". 1946 – Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein. 1948 – World Council of Churches is formed by 147 churches from 44 countries. 1954 – First flight of the Lockheed C-130 multi-role aircraft. 1958 – Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy. 1966 – Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon. 1970 – Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins. 1973 – A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome". 1975 – The start of the Wave Hill walk-off by Gurindji people in Australia, lasting eight years, a landmark event in the history of Indigenous land rights in Australia, commemorated in a 1991 Paul Kelly song and an annual celebration. 1975 – The Pontiac Silverdome opens in Pontiac, Michigan, 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Detroit, Michigan 1985 – Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany. 1989 – Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands. This is called the Baltic Way or Baltic Chain. 1990 – Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War. 1990 – Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union. 1990 – West and East Germany announce that they will reunite on October 3. 1991 – The World Wide Web is opened to the public. 1994 – Eugene Bullard, the only African American pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. 2000 – Gulf Air Flight 072 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 143. 2006 – Natascha Kampusch, who had been abducted at the age of ten, escapes from her captor Wolfgang Přiklopil, after eight years of captivity. 2007 – The skeletal remains of Russia's last royal family members Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia, and his sister Grand Duchess Anastasia are discovered near Yekaterinburg, Russia. 2011 – A magnitude 5.8 (class: moderate) earthquake occurs in Virginia. Damage occurs to monuments and structures in Washington D.C. and the resulted damage is estimated at $200 million–$300 million USD. 2011 – Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is overthrown after the National Transitional Council forces take control of Bab al-Azizia compound during the Libyan Civil War. 2012 – A hot-air balloon crashes near the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, killing six people and injuring 28 others. 2013 – A riot at the Palmasola prison complex in Santa Cruz, Bolivia kills 31 people.

[its-abroad-world]

Adventure #2 - June 3&4: Stockholm, Sweden: always expect something to go wrong; and Helsinki, Finland: best meatballs ever

On the morning of June 3, Monday, we woke up to the ship docking in Nynäshamn, Sweden, just 45 minutes outside of Stockholm by train. After purchasing 24-hour transportation tickets and riding into the city, we set out to walk around Gamla Stan (Old Town). It took us a bit of figuring out, but we were able to locate Old Town where we found small, quaint cobblestone streets surrounded by medieval buildings and small stores.

Old Town paradise

Old Town - 11 am

There wasn’t anything in particular that we wanted to see in Old Town, but we enjoyed it nonetheless. We saw the outside of the Nobel Museum and roamed around the outside of Kungliga Slottet, or the Royal Palace. We even took pictures with the guards!

Lion statues at the entryway to the palace grounds

Guard at the Royal Palace

After walking around Old Town, we grabbed a quick lunch and then made our way to the train station to head to the Vasa Museum, something that my mum had really wanted to go to since she had seen it on an old Rick Steves travel show. A short tram ride later, we were at the Vasa Museum, seeing a great Swedish ship that lasted the test of time.

The Vasa was a warship built in 1626 and completed in 1628. The Swedish king, called the “Lion of the North”, commissioned the ship to show neighboring kingdoms and their enemies the formidable power of the Swedish Navy. It’s a majestic ship that was well decorated with intricate carvings and bright paints, and even featured a large gilded lion as the figurehead at the bow of the ship. On the day that it set sail, everyone in Stockholm came to see the ship off, looking at two levels of gundecks with all of the open gunports to show off the canons that were firing in honor of the king. Fifteen minutes into its maiden voyage, there was a gust of wind that leaned the ship to the left and water flooded into the gunports. The crew tried to pull the canons back but they were too late and the ship sank only 120 meters from land. The ship had been too tall but not bottom-heavy or wide enough, causing the ship to tip over and sink (226 ft long and 172 ft tall).

In 1956 divers discovered the ship at the bottom of the ocean, sitting upright and looking almost untouched. 3 years later they began trying to free the ship from the mud and bring it closer to the shore. It was in April 1961 that the Vasa was finally pulled up out of the water after 333 years at the bottom of the ocean. The ship’s bolts (5,000 of them) had to be replaced underwater before they could bring it up out of the water and once again in the early 2000s due to severe rusting. It was a long process cleaning the ship but eventually, it was displayed to the public. Some parts of the ship had to be replaced but 98% of the ship is still original. As we wandered around the museum, it was amazing to see the grandeur of the ship, and I can only imagine what it looked like on the day that it set off. There were 7 different floors to view the ship on, and each level had different artifacts that they had recovered from the ship, including skeletons of crew members. While I had a lot of fun in Gamla Stan, the Vasa was my favorite part of the day. It is so amazing to think that something from the 1600s was submerged for more than 300 years and is still so intact and well preserved, giving us an insight into Swedish life in the 1600s.

After the museum, we were pretty tired and the midday jet lag feeling was starting to set in, so we made our way back to the main station. My sister, having kept quiet during our trek back, was suddenly upset that we still had 3 hours to explore and were already heading back to the Regal. She decided that she was going to go find the underground train caves and stomped off, causing us to miss the train back to Nynȁshamn. Eventually, she came back and we took the next train, meeting a family from the Philippines while we waited. We all boarded the train together and were sitting happily when all of a sudden, the train stops at a station and tells everyone on board to get off because the tracks were closed. We only had a little over an hour to get back before the ship was scheduled to leave. Everyone was saying that our only option was to take an expensive taxi to get to the ship because taking the public bus to Nynȁshamn would make us miss the ship. We still took our chances and hopped on a bus, overcrowded with fellow cruisegoers that were trying to get back to the ship too. While we were on the bus, we passed a bunch of police cars next to the railroad tracks and the driver told us that someone had tried to commit suicide and that was why the tracks were shut down.

The bus driver dropped us off at the next train station where we saw that a train was waiting, and after asking around a bit, the locals said that the tracks were open from that point forward and the bus was departing soon. The 9 of us rode the train back, anxiously checking the time to make sure that we weren’t going to miss the ship. When we got to Nynȁshamn, a man was ushering us onto a big tour bus, telling us that the cruise ship had sent buses to shuttle people because they heard what happened with the trains. We made it back to the ship safely and with minutes to spare.

We spent the rest of the night unwinding after a long, eventful day. The cruise had given us complimentary dining at one of the paid specialty dining restaurants on the ship. It was this fancy Italian restaurant with handmade pastas and specialty dishes that were delicious. However, it happened to be a really choppy night at sea and I was feeling a bit green. The food was so delicious and had it been any other night I would definitely be enjoying every single delectable bite, but I was so queasy that I was having trouble finishing my food, let alone keeping it down. I sped through my courses as quickly as I could and only took a bite before I needed to go lie down. I took a shower, some seasickness medicine and headed straight to sleep.

June 4 - Helsinki, Finland

The next morning, we woke up bright and early in Helsinki, Finland. We promptly ate breakfast at the buffet and then headed out for the day. We bought tickets to a 4-stop shuttle and set out to the first stop on the route.

We ended up at Helsinki’s Market Square, their version of a farmer’s market. There were stores set up along the waterfront selling various handmade goods, food, fruit, and vegetables. There were also many outdoor cafes in the surrounding area, but we chose to venture through the Market and boy oh boy were we not disappointed. The vendors were extremely kind and friendly, used to seeing American tourists wandering around. At one of the stalls, we found some delicious looking fruit and decided to buy some. I had never had blueberries that were so sweet and juicy but also so big. Some of them the size of my thumb!

Blueberries from the Market Square - 10 am

After our snack of yummy blueberries, our noses drew us to a series of stalls selling local Finnish food, like fish or meatballs served with finger potatoes and different sauces. We chose to order something a little daring, moose meatballs. We also ordered a plate of these small fried fish called vendace. Both were served with potatoes and veggies with this delicious garlic cream sauce that I still have dreams about. That was the best lunch of the trip so far!! I was surprised by how much I enjoyed the meatballs, especially because I expected them to be gamey in taste.

Moose meatballs from the Market Square - 12 pm

After Market Square, we wandered around the area without any particular destination set in our minds. We happened upon the Uspenski Cathedral which looked nice on the outside but was rather unimpressive on the inside. After the cathedral, we next entered the City Museum which seemed to be more for children, but that didn’t stop me and my sister from having loads of fun there. While the history of the city was interactive, I didn’t retain much of what we read and saw.

For the most part, we stopped at popular spots in Helsinki and took pictures, not taking too much care to know or understand the significance of the spots. We saw the Senate Square and the Helsinki Cathedral. We saw the outside of the Temppeliaukio (Rock Church) but didn’t care to pay to go inside. We also saw the Sibelius Monument, which I quite liked because of its artistic structure. After visiting the monument, we walked around the area for a while and then headed back to the ship.

Helsinki Cathedral

Sibelius Monument

We were back on the ship by 4:30 pm and grabbing dinner at the fine dining by 6 pm. Like every night that cruise photography, we had some family pictures taken. After dinner, I sat at the Piazza and listened to some of the performer’s music for a while before heading up to the Lido deck to watch a movie under the stars.

[guidetourme]

Vasa Museum

Interesting facts on Vasa Museum

The Vasa museum is situated in Stockholm, Sweden. The Vasa is the seventeenth-century's only preserved ship on the planet, and acraftsmanship treasure. More than 95 percent of the ship is unique, and it is beautified with many cut figures.

Interesting Facts on this museum

The 69 meter-long warship Vasa sank on its first journey amidst Stockholm in 1628, and was rescued 333 years after the fact in 1961. For almost 50 years the ship has been gradually, purposely and meticulously re-established to a state moving toward its unique magnificence. The three poles on the rooftop outside the uniquely fabricated museum demonstrate the tallness of the ship's unique poles. Today the Vasa Museum is the most gone by museum in Scandinavia, with more than one million guests per year. There are ten unique shows around the ship to tell about existence on board the ship. The film about the Vasa is appeared in 13 changed dialects. What's more there is a very much loaded shop and a wonderful eatery. Voyages through the museum happen each day. Free confirmation for youngsters up to 18 years. The Vasa museum is visited by around 1.2 millionpeople in a year. Stockholm's Vasa Museum is a Swedish national fortune, and one that was also voted the ninth best museum on the planet by Trip Advisor in 2015. Be that as it may, the nation's most well known vacation spot now requires earnest work to ensure it makes due for who and what is to come. More than 5000 corroded old jolts are in threat of harming the notable specialty, and so as to keep that from happening, the museum has been compelled to go for broke of expelling and supplanting the pins, one by one. The Vasa Museum being the great contemporary Swedish success still yet ironically enough it has been the nation’s biggest embarrassments. Perhaps the biggest of them all.

A touch of history

It was in the year 1981 when the Swedish government decided to construct a dedicatedmuseum for the ship, but museum was inaugurated on 15 June 1990.So far the museumis visited by more than 25 million people. The shipwhich is now in the main hall was the biggest in the historical backdrop of the Swedish armada, with an additional gun deck that the ruler himself had requested amid the Vasa's development. On August 10, 1628, the vessel withdrew from her mooring before the regal castle with about 130 crew members and spouses on board. As she cruised gradually through the islands that different Stockholm from the untamed ocean, a breeze got the sails, and the best overwhelming boat surprisingly hove to port. Water poured through the open gun ports, and the ship sank in the 105-foot (32-meter) channel. Albeit a large portion of the team and travellers got away from, a few (counting the ship's feline) ran down with the Vasa. Sporadic rescue endeavors occurred throughout the following 50 years, yet the ship was everything except overlooked before the finish of the eighteenth Century. Read the full article

[radbarbarianpenguin]

IntelliMedia Wins Two Product of the Year Awards at 2019 NAB Show

Two of the nine awards in the Graphics, Editing, VXF, Switchers category, at the World’s largest media technology expo NAB 2019, were won by IntelliMedia products!

LOS ANGELES, Calif. /California Newswire/ — California-based leading immersive media technology provider IntelliMedia, bagged not one but two of the coveted Product of the Year awards at the world’s largest media tech expo NAB 2019, which concluded recently in Las Vegas.

MiXie and HoloPort, two of the three path-breaking products that the company launched this year, generated buzz in streaming community by winning the NAB Show Product of the Year Awards. They share the envious space at the top with Adobe, Blackmagic and Canon. Over 1,600 companies from more than 160 countries showcased their products. The winners have made the cut from shortlisted products in 13 different categories.

MiXie is aimed at empowering individual live streamers with real-time graphics overlays. HoloPort is an enterprise VR application capable of supporting 360-degree hyper-reality streaming. The third product is a solution builder for integrating comprehensive Video AI in streaming video applications.

IntelliMedia’s products are next-generation technology solutions that level the playing field for an average user by enabling them to generate studio quality content on their personal hand-held devices.

“It is this innovative approach in configuring products that has brought the company in this league,” says IntelliMedia president and co-founder Darshan Sedani. “To be recognized by the NAB is a great honor. We sincerely appreciate the fact that two of our products were awarded. Innovation is in our DNA. At IntelliMedia we are driven by the passion, creativity, and tenacity of our team members,” he said.

IntelliMedia delivers personalized video experiences across all screens and has a proven track record in video management, publishing, analytics, and monetization. It has been providing media-tech solutions to many corporations, OTT providers, government agencies and SMBs.

“Winning the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) Show Product of the Year award is fantastic as it gives our products industry recognition. We believe our products will simplify and reshape the way consumers and businesses broadcast their live video content,” CEO and co-founder Teodros Gessesse says.

While HoloPort is already available, IntelliMedia will commercially launch MiXie later this year.

HoloPort:

It is a hyper-reality streaming solution that provides customized high-impact immersive media and visualization applications. “HoloPort is our bold attempt to bring hyper-reality streaming to your fingertips,” Sedani says

It lets users experience 360-degree walkthroughs with integrated AR elements. A user can experience volumetric video within this virtual environment.

“We still see VR as science fiction. It’s not only about playing games, both VR & AR have a significant role to play in the enterprise technology ecosystem. With advancing technology, the very notion of a clear dividing line between reality and virtual reality has blurred in creative ways,” Sedani adds.

The application of this product can be limited only by imagination. Real-estate firms can showcase properties virtually, along with the avatar of an agent to guide the visitor through the property. Universities can train or impart digital education. Corporations can make presentations, announcements, and sales communications. Medical VR is another area with fascinating possibilities. Event organizers, sports leagues and others can similarly use it too.

MiXie:

“81 percent of Twitch users are professional steamers. 56 percent of YouTube users are creators. The future belongs to user-generated content,” Sedani outlines the concept of his award-winning product.

MiXie is the world’s first full-featured iOS video broadcast application with real-time professional graphics overlay. It facilitates professional live streaming on multiple platforms. With MiXie, a single person production crew can create professional live streaming on existing platforms like FB, YouTube & Twitch – which have the world’s largest content creators’ communities.

“As live streamers’ community is growing at an astronomical rate, the need of the hour is to empower streamers with the tools to create professional-grade live broadcast with minimal investment. MiXie will extend real-time VFX capabilities to live streamers worldwide,” Sedani adds.

This product is highly recommended for live streaming of sports, events, seminars, presentations, keynote addresses and faith-based event broadcasting, etc.

Video AI:

IntelliMedia’s Video AI technology recognizes every frame of the video and extracts intelligent insights. In real-time, it can recognize objects, faces, expressions, and gender, converts speech to text, builds auto-metadata, to name a few areas that it’s powerful AI capabilities.

The Architects:

IntelliMedia team worked hard and round-the-clock to create these trail-blazing products. Product teams were led by Joy Shah (HoloPort), Nirav Vasa (Video AI), Devang Ajmera (MiXie). They put all of their energies and brain in shaping them with the singular purpose of making life easy for the end-users.

About IntelliMedia:

A highly flexible and service-oriented company, IntelliMedia has registered an average annual growth rate of over 90 percent. President Darshan Sedani and CEO Teodros Gessesse are the founders of the company.

“As a company, we know that we are now entering an expansion phase as we successfully conceptualize and execute on products that win awards. The NAB Show Product of the Year Awards that we won for two of our new products are the result of our team’s focus to an unmet need in the industry,” Gessesse says.

Learn more: https://intellimedianetworks.com/

VIDEO:

Watch this video on YouTube.

Learn More: https://intellimedianetworks.com/

This version of news story was published on and is Copr. © 2019 California Newswire® (CaliforniaNewswire.com) – part of the Neotrope® News Network, USA – all rights reserved.

Information is believed accurate but is not guaranteed. For questions about the above news, contact the company/org/person noted in the text and NOT this website.

Originally published on CaliforniaNewswire.com -- IntelliMedia Wins Two Product of the Year Awards at 2019 NAB Show

from California Technology News – California Newswire https://californianewswire.com/intellimedia-wins-two-product-of-the-year-awards-at-2019-nab-show/ via California News

[talesfromatabletop]

Session 10: New Kids on the Block

An Orc comes off the wreckage of the Bloody Fang, dragging what looks like a half-Drow with him. The poor halfbreed is holding an axe and dragging it along as he’s manhandled across the previously burning field. He’s thrown in front of our party and basically told, "You work for this party! You owe them a debt!"

The logic behind this is that he was on the enemy ship, so obviously he shared some blame for our party members’ untimely demises. This was NOT accurate, since he’d only recently joined the crew and hadn’t even done any work for them yet, but...well. We weren’t going to turn down a new lackey, and the Orcs seem keen on making sure we still have assistance when they leave.

The half-Drow, Kronilee, immediately does not like this and tries to kinda talk his way out of it. This mostly ends up with the party attempting to persuade him to come with us anyway since he could at least not get eaten by something. Kronilee agrees to join us, for lack of better option.

New Party Member, Get!

Vitae and Kronilee discuss their lives while Melleo intermittently questions both of their respective sanity, and drags Thebis’s body over to the tree line. They discover that they BOTH have talking weapons, though Vitae’s scythe can't hear anyone else and the axe Kronilee uses, can. Once the chatter is over, as a group we manage to dig a grave for Thebis. Melleo buries her with her staff and makes an offhanded comment that she should say hi to Vasa, since they’re both presumably in hell now. It takes about 2 hours. Really a touching moment.

The party returns to Mama Balog and she thanks us for our help, expresses grief for our loss and gives us 2 barrels of tasty ass soup and a red gemstone egg that Melleo keeps on-hand. It weighs about a pound, which is more than it looks. It's been in her family for generations apparently and never hatched.

Now with no reason to stay, the group heads out on the road with some difficulty. Only one of our party had vehicle proficiency, and that member is currently dead. RIP.

Before they get too far, a flying shape appears in the sky. A beautiful woman with bird legs and wings appears to be nearby and they call out to her. She offers to help, with a limited vocabulary that they learn is due to an accident years ago, and she’s able to revive Pinkbean.

Upon waking, the Tibbit realizes her cat-form is out of the bag and resigns herself to slumming around as a mildly kittenish Halfling. Thankfully, both new party members speak her primary language! Unfortunately, she actually really did like Thebis and had been warming up to Vasa before they both died.

Together, and now having persuaded this birdwoman - named with a Swooping Whistle and two clicks, Fwoowookekek - to stay with them, the party set back out on the road again in their trusty wagon. They do pass a somewhat suspicious Elf along the way but...well, it isn’t their business what the bro was up to. Let him live his life.

They make camp some time later and woke up to some major magical fuckery. Melleo’s instrument and Vitae's weapon are moving on their own, Pinkbean is covered in chicken poo, Fwoowoo has runes on her face and Kronilee is tied up. They don’t really discover the source of this bullshit, but get control of their weapons and get cleaned up before booking it out of camp.

The party, now cleaned up, takes to the road where they encounter a group of Bloodhawks. Together the group manages to handle them pretty quickly, all things considered, and even bag 5 of the birds to cook up some other day. A few more hours of travel and they even spot 3 boars. The first arrow shot at them kills a boar immediately, and while one begins to rage, the other runs for its life.

Smart boar.

Pulling up to a checkpoint at the border between the Elven and Human nations, the group enters a zone of truth. They learn that Fwoowookekek is actually coming to this outpost to deliver a letter, which is informing those stationed here that Misthureen (the fancy city we first landed in) has fallen...to that giant flesh golem...uh. Whoops.

Letter delivered, they let the group skedaddle but warns them not to get kidnapped or killed by the humans in the warzone. They DO actually run into a human ambush and get escorted to their camp where their captain seems eager to meet Vitae. Humans in this setting revere Dragonborns, since the Dragons were the ones that knocked the Elves down a peg and out of the ruling class. We accidentally tell her that Misthureen was destroyed and they decided to mobilize so they can get the upper hand on the elves, and we split.

This is despite the fact that Fwoowoo is SUPER upset at us not stopping them. She’s a genuinely kind soul and wants to only ever help people, so this is naturally a horrible situation for her to believe she’s caused.

The party pulls up, an hour or so after leaving the human encampment, into a small town and leave the cart in an alleyway. Fwoowookekek stays in it, almost inconsolable over the consequences of her actions. The rest of the party enters the inn and buy themselves food and rooms for the night.

The session ended with our heroes (?) resting at the Fluffy Truffle Inn, eating fine boar meat and drinking to the tune of a didgeridoo.

[yooperwolf]

DNR divisions work cooperatively with partners to battle summer storm damage in the western U.P.

DNR divisions work cooperatively with partners to battle summer storm damage in the western U.P.

Successive storms cause significant damage at Porcupine Mountains, Emily Lake

There are numerous occasions when Michigan Department of Natural Resources divisions work together to perform a good number of tasks, but this cooperation is often unknown to the general public.

Recently, in the Upper Peninsula, an especially great deal of cooperation was in evidence between several DNR divisions, as well as outside entities, called to respond to the impacts of two vicious storm systems that struck the western part of the region over a 10-day period.

“Spectacular work was done by our DNR staff and outside crews who worked to put our parks back together after the damage caused by Mother Nature,” said Ron Olson, chief of the DNR Parks and Recreation Division. “We appreciated the patience of the public and the public valued the quick response to this emergency.”

On the night of July 11, 2016, a tremendous storm – some analysts would later say it was the worst in 1,000 years – moved east from the Saxon Harbor area of Iron County, Wisconsin toward Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park.

The storm dumped up to 11 inches of rain, in just four hours, causing flooding that washed out a campground and much of the marina at Saxon Harbor, damaging dozens of boats, sweeping camping vehicles into Oronto Creek, and turning Lake Superior into muddy, brown slurry.

Montreal (Wisconsin) Fire Department assistant chief Mitch Koski died responding to the emergency. His vehicle was washed into the harbor where he drowned.

Roadways were eaten away, flooded over and shut down. Trees toppled from along the riverbank and were washed, with boats and other debris, miles out into Lake Superior.

As the storm continued east, across the state line into Michigan, the rainfall eased, but the storm still packed plenty of punch.

The National Weather Service confirmed an EF1 tornado struck three miles south of Bessemer. Damage included a roof that was torn from an old ice rink and dumped into the rim of Sunday Lake.

Elsewhere in Gogebic County, flash flooding cut away more roadways and felled more trees. The swollen waters of Oman Creek rendered the DNR’s boating access site near the stream’s mouth a deserted island.

Heavy, concrete barriers (called beach prisms) set along the creek to trap sand were dragged into the stream by the raging floodwaters. In the days ahead, the U.S. Coast Guard would report a debris field slowly floating east in Lake Superior, presenting a potential hazard to boaters and swimmers.

Gov. Rick Snyder toured the area. He declared a state of disaster for Gogebic County July 15, making available all state resources to local efforts to repair damage. Snyder also activated the Michigan National Guard.

Not far to the east of Oman Creek, in the Presque Isle River area at Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park, flash flooding undercut the banks along a tiny rivulet, dropping numerous trees into a ravine.

The erosion would force permanent closure of one site on the Presque Isle Campground loop. A trail leading from the campground to Lake Superior was shut down temporarily until toppled trees and mud could be removed.

In 90 minutes, 6-8 inches of rain fell here.

Throughout the western section of Michigan’s largest state park, small creeks rose well beyond their banks, repeating dramatic scenes similar to those evidenced at the Presque Isle campground.

Backcountry trails and cabins were closed. Bridges were damaged or washed out. A cabin alongside Speaker’s Creek had to be moved after floodwaters carved off sections of the sandy streambank.

Park staff feared continued erosion would undermine the foundation of the cabin.

“We had three major maintenance crews, along with our interior crew, working on moving Speaker’s Cabin,” said Porcupine Mountains-Lake Gogebic state parks unit manager Jeff Gaertner. “

In response to the damage, which occurred during the height of the summer camping season, the DNR put an incident management team in place to organize cleanup in the aftermath of the crippling storm.

“There was DNR staff from six divisions involved in this,” said Doug Rich, western U.P. district supervisor for the DNR’s Parks and Recreation Division. “Everyone pitched in and did a fantastic job.”

Those DNR divisions responding to the incident included Parks and Recreation, Forest Resources, Law Enforcement, Executive, Marketing and Outreach and Finance and Operations.

The Ontonagon County Sheriff’s Office provided equipment and inmates from the state’s Ojibway Correctional Facility in Marenisco assisted crews.

DNR personnel from the Forest Resources Division set up an incident command center at the state park. Many of the staff involved in the response was working outside the center.

With chainsaws over their shoulders and hardhats on their heads, crews headed into the forest to begin the massive task of clearing trees, repairing boardwalks and reducing trail hazards.

“Because of the remoteness of trails at the park, crews had to be transported to some areas by boat,” said Don Mankee, district supervisor of the west U.P. for the DNR’s Forest Resources Division. “With the dense piles of intertwined fallen trees, crews averaged 100 feet of trail clearing in six hours.”

Prison crews of eight men and a supervisor helped DNR Forest Resource Division workers clear the trails. As a result, a great deal of progress was made. Backcountry cabins and campsites that had been closed were reopened two days ahead of schedule.

Ten days after the violent storm hit the west end of the park, a complex of thunderstorms slashed through the eastern half.

The National Weather Service office in Negaunee Township confirmed pockets of significant tree damage from Ontonagon east toward Baraga. The roof of a yurt was blown off at Union Bay.

Straight-line winds clocked at 90 mph were recorded at the Emily Lake State Forest Campground, situated south of Twin Lakes State Park in Houghton County.

Those strong winds pushed trees onto power lines, knocking out utility service for more than 20,000 customers, including several of the state parks in the western Upper Peninsula – Twin Lakes and the Porcupine Mountains included.

At Emily Lake, falling trees slashed through the shells of two travel campers at the park. Campers escaped miraculously, without injury. Four of the nine campsites were occupied during the heavy thunderstorms.

Because of the extensive number of fallen trees, DNR staff called in a professional sawyer crew from J.M. Longyear LLC of Marquette to clear safety hazards at the campground, including leaning trees and dangling overhead branches.

“After the loggers have gone through with their heavy equipment, almost all of the sites have at least some damage,” Rich Pirhonen, ranger at Twin Lakes State Park, said at the time. “Some need backhoe work, stumping, brush removal, grading and leveling et cetera.”

Along with the campground, loggers also cleaned up roughly 15 acres around the boating access site area and along Pike Lake Road.

“This type of cooperation is something DNR divisions are well-equipped to deliver,” said Bill O’Neill, chief of the DNR’s Forest Resources Division. “When something like this happens, we are able to pull together, along with local crews and representatives, to produce and effective response.”

In August, a similar cooperative effort was required of the DNR for damage from a violent thunderstorm in the northern Lower Peninsula. The areas hardest hit there included Keith J. Charters Traverse City State Park, VASA Pathway and state forest campgrounds and trails along M-72, from Grand Traverse to Crawford counties.

Get more information on Michigan state parks at www.michigan.gov/stateparks.

Catch upcoming stories by subscribing to free, weekly “Showcasing the DNR” articles. Check out previous Showcasing articles.

/Note to editors: Contact: John Pepin 906-226-1352. Accompanying photos are available below for download and media use. Suggested captions follow. Credit: Michigan Department of Natural Resources, unless otherwise noted.

Camper: Tree-fall storm damage to one of two travel campers at the Emily Lake State Forest Campground in Houghton County. No injuries were reported.

Crewmen: Members of a Michigan Department of Natural Resources crew ascends a flight of stairs, with chainsaws in hand, at Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park.

Debris-Map: A National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration map showing the projected trajectory of storm debris heading toward Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park from Saxon Harbor.

Loggers: Loggers from J.M. Longyear LLC in Marquette work to remove trees from the Emily Lake State Forest Campground in Houghton County.

Mouth: Uprooted trees are shown in the water at the mouth of Speaker’s Creek, along with a section of the stream bank that eroded during storm flooding, undermining an embankment where Speaker’s Cabin stood.

Pavement: A section of Lake Road at Maki Creek that didn’t wash out, but had flows over the road, as evidenced by the debris stuck in the guard rail. With the stream channel down in the valley bottom, flood stages or water backup of higher than 40 feet were present at the location. (Michigan Department of Environmental Quality photo)

Ravine: Erosion and fallen trees are shown from a deep ravine alongside campsite No. 36 at the Presque Isle Campground at Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park. The campsite has been closed permanently.

Team: Members of the incident command team look over a progress map at Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park.

Washout: A washout of Lake Road at the crossing of Flint Creek. (Michigan Department of Environmental Quality photo)/

Team.JPG

Crewmen.JPG

Camper.jpg

Debris-Map.jpg

Loggers.JPG

Mouth.JPG

Washout.JPG

Ravine.JPG

Pavement.JPG

The Michigan Department of Natural Resources is committed to the conservation, protection, management, use and enjoyment of the state’s natural and cultural resources for current and future generations. For more information, go to www.michigan.gov/dnr.

[ltwilliammowett]

Skeletons of the Vasa

Who doesn't know Vasa, the once so proud ship of Gustav II Adolf of Sweden, which on its maiden voyage 10. August 1628, managed a total of 1300 metres, only to sink due to serious construction defects.  When Vasa sank, thirty of the people on board died, the most weren’t onboard, mostly those who were below deck and could not escape. These included women and children who were either on board as day guests or accompanied a crew member for a longer period of time - the Swedish Navy allowed seafarers to have their wives on board in their own waters. During the salvage and excavation, the bones of at least 17 people were recovered. Some of them are almost complete skeletons, in one case with hair, fingernails and even a complete brain, but others are only partial due to the disruption of the wreck during the many salvage attempts over the years.

Crew member: Ivar (c) Withnall

Of these 17 people, 13 were men, the other two or three women - it is not clear which sex the Skellet has because it has no special sexual markers, and one child. During the excavations, the individual individuals each received a letter of the alphabet because the names of the crew had not been written down and are therefore unknown. In the course of the years a simple letter became a name only to be able to give a name to the persons. So A- Adam. B- Beata and so on. 

Crew Member : Johan and Ylva

Osteological examinations

The average height of the crew members is 166 cm, with the highest 179 cm and the shortest only 160 cm. That is much shorter than today what is to be led back on a bad nutrition as children. The 1620s were the depth of the climatic event known as the Little Ice Age, when temperatures were much lower and vegetation periods were much shorter, especially in the north. Malnutrition and other nutritional deficiencies were common, and we can see evidence of them in the bones. Two of the women suffered from either anemia or chronic diarrhoea, as low levels of copper and zinc show, and some of the skeletons show signs of scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) suffered earlier in life, although none seems to be suffering when the ship sank. Scurvy was common in Sweden in winter because of a lack of fresh food. Most people ate a balanced diet of meat and fish, but Filip was a vegetarian, with almost all his proteins from plants, which explains his small stature and thin physique. This is probably due to his teeth: He had an extra set of front teeth in his lower jaw, which made it impossible for him to close his mouth completely or use his molars effectively to chew solid food. On average, the crew members among the skeletons were well nourished and healthy.

Crew member: Beata, David and Gustav (c) Ingresen

The adult males range in age from late teenagers to the 50s or 60s, with most living in the 20s and 30s. This is the type of age group one would expect in a crew of conscripts who were admitted to military service between the ages of 18 and 48. The oldest is Johan, who we believe was an officer and not an ordinary sailor because of his clothes and injuries. The two clearly identified women, Ylva and Beata, are young, one a teenager and the other in their 20s; they are probably wives or relatives of crew members. Petter/Petra, represented by a one-armed bone, was a small child, probably less than eight years old. This is too young to be a ship boy, and so he or she is probably also a guest.

Crew member: Filip (c) Murdoch

Many of the skeletons have healed injuries, suggesting that life in the 17th century was much more violent than today, with accidents more common. More than half of the people had broken bones earlier in their lives, even the women, and many had broken more than one. Johan had lost two toes from his right foot in a crushing accident – was he run over by a recoiling gun? Adam had been hit in the face with a heavy object, which had broken his nose and cheekbone and crushed the sinus over one eye, which gave his face a lopsided appearance and probably caused him headaches. Filip, who may have been one of the ship's two lieutenants, had an old injury to both elbows, possibly from a fall, which would have made his arms stiff and sore. Most of the skeletons had lost teeth, some quite recently before the ship sank, and many suffered from gum disease (from not brushing their teeth) but there is almost no evidence of tooth decay, probably because of the lack of sugar in their food.

Facial reconstruction of Johan and Adam (c) Vasamuseum

The DNA analysis is its early stages, but it shows that all of the skeletons have DNA profiles which are common in Scandinavia, which one would expect from a crew of conscripts. Several have profiles more common today in Finland, which contributed sailors to the Swedish navy. The small child, Petter/Petra, has the same profile as one of the adult men, Cesar, and is most likely his brother/sister or nephew/niece. With further analysis of nuclear DNA, we may be able to identify such things as eye and hair color and the regional origin of their families.

Facial reconstruction of Beata und Ivar (c) Vasamuseum

Facial reconstruction

Seven of the skulls are complete enough to allow the faces to be reconstructed. This is possible because the features we use to recognize people are largely defined by the shape of our skulls. The muscle, fat and skin on top of the skull are more or less the same thickness for everybody, so by building up these layers in clay on a cast of the skull, it is possible to get some idea of how a person looked. Sculptor Oscar Nilsson, who is trained as both an artist and as an archaeologist, is one of the best in the world at this kind of work, and so he has been able to make lifelike reconstructions of six of the people on board when the ship sank: Adam, Beata, Filip, Gustav, Ivar and Johan. Some of the features, such as the shape of the ears and lips, the hairstyles, and the color of the eyes, are guesswork. And yet these reconstructions are an unbelievable job and give the crew of Vasa a very good opportunity to look into their faces.

 Facial reconstraction of Gustav and Filip (c) Vasamuseum

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.23

30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra.[citation needed] 20 BC – Ludi Volcanalici are held within the temple precinct of Vulcan, and used by Augustus to mark the treaty with Parthia and the return of the legionary standards that had been lost at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC.[citation needed] 79 – Mount Vesuvius begins stirring, on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. 476 – Odoacer, chieftain of the Germanic tribes (Herulic - Scirian foederati), is proclaimed rex Italiae ("King of Italy") by his troops. 1244 – Siege of Jerusalem: The city's citadel, the Tower of David, surrenders to Khwarezmian Empire. 1268 – The Battle of Tagliacozzo marks the fall of the Hohenstaufen family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy. 1305 – Sir William Wallace is executed for high treason at Smithfield, London. 1328 – Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers. 1382 – Siege of Moscow: The Golden Horde led by Tokhtamysh lays siege to the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. 1514 – The Battle of Chaldiran ends with a decisive victory for the Sultan Selim I, Ottoman Empire, over the Shah Ismail I, founder of the Safavid dynasty. 1521 – Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent. 1541 – French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada. 1572 – French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. 1595 – Long Turkish War: Wallachian prince Michael the Brave confronts the Ottoman army in the Battle of Călugăreni and achieves a tactical victory. 1600 – Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara. 1628 – George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton. 1655 – Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. 1703 – Edirne event: Sultan Mustafa II of the Ottoman Empire is dethroned. 1741 – Eruption of Oshima–Ōshima and the Kampo tsunami: At least 2,000 people along the Japanese coast drown in a tsunami caused by the eruption of Oshima. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion. 1784 – Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years. 1799 – Napoleon I of France leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power. 1813 – At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army. 1831 – Nat Turner's slave rebellion is suppressed. 1839 – The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for the First Opium War with Qing China. 1864 – American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas. 1866 – Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague. 1873 – Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens. 1898 – The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London. 1904 – The automobile tire chain is patented. 1914 – World War I: The British Expeditionary Force and the French Fifth Army begin their Great Retreat before the German Army. 1914 – World War I: Japan declares war on Germany. 1921 – British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive. 1923 – Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours. 1927 – Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial. 1929 – Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city. 1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations. 1942 – World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad. 1943 – World War II: Kharkiv is liberated by the Soviet Union after the Battle of Kursk. 1944 – World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allies. 1944 – World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies. 1944 – Freckleton Air Disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England, killing 61 people. 1945 – World War II: Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War". 1946 – Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein. 1948 – World Council of Churches is formed by 147 churches from 44 countries. 1954 – First flight of the Lockheed C-130 multi-role aircraft. 1958 – Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy. 1966 – Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon. 1970 – Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins. 1973 – A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome". 1975 – The start of the Wave Hill walk-off by Gurindji people in Australia, lasting eight years, a landmark event in the history of Indigenous land rights in Australia, commemorated in a 1991 Paul Kelly song and an annual celebration. 1975 – The Pontiac Silverdome opens in Pontiac, Michigan, 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Detroit, Michigan 1985 – Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany. 1989 – Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands. This is called the Baltic Way or Baltic Chain. 1990 – Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War. 1990 – Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union. 1990 – West and East Germany announce that they will reunite on October 3. 1991 – The World Wide Web is opened to the public. 1994 – Eugene Bullard, the only African American pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. 2000 – Gulf Air Flight 072 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 143. 2006 – Natascha Kampusch, who had been abducted at the age of ten, escapes from her captor Wolfgang Přiklopil, after eight years of captivity. 2007 – The skeletal remains of Russia's last royal family members Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia, and his sister Grand Duchess Anastasia are discovered near Yekaterinburg, Russia. 2011 – A magnitude 5.8 (class: moderate) earthquake occurs in Virginia. Damage occurs to monuments and structures in Washington, D.C. and the resulted damage is estimated at $200 million–$300 million USD. 2011 – Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is overthrown after the National Transitional Council forces take control of Bab al-Azizia compound during the Libyan Civil War. 2012 – A hot-air balloon crashes near the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, killing six people and injuring 28 others. 2013 – A riot at the Palmasola prison complex in Santa Cruz, Bolivia kills 31 people.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.10

654 – Pope Eugene I elected to succeed Martinus I. 955 – Battle of Lechfeld: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor defeats the Magyars, ending 50 years of Magyar invasion of the West. 991 – Battle of Maldon: The English, led by Byrhtnoth, Ealdorman of Essex, are defeated by a band of inland-raiding Vikings near Maldon, Essex. 1030 – The Battle of Azaz ends with a humiliating retreat of the Byzantine emperor, Romanos III Argyros, against the Mirdasid rulers of Aleppo. The retreat degenerates into a rout, in which Romanos himself barely escapes capture. 1270 – Yekuno Amlak takes the imperial throne of Ethiopia, restoring the Solomonic dynasty to power after a 100-year Zagwe interregnum. 1316 – The Second Battle of Athenry takes place near Athenry during the Bruce campaign in Ireland. 1512 – The naval Battle of Saint-Mathieu, during the War of the League of Cambrai, sees the simultaneous destruction of the Breton ship La Cordelière and the English ship The Regent. 1346 – Jaume Ferrer sets out from Majorca for the "River of Gold", the Senegal River. 1519 – Ferdinand Magellan's five ships set sail from Seville to circumnavigate the globe. The Basque second-in-command Juan Sebastián Elcano will complete the expedition after Magellan's death in the Philippines. 1557 – Battle of St. Quentin: Spanish victory over the French in the Italian War of 1551–59. 1585 – The Treaty of Nonsuch signed by Elizabeth I of England and the Dutch Rebels. 1628 – The Swedish warship Vasa sinks in the Stockholm harbour after only about 20 minutes of her maiden voyage. 1641 – The Treaty of London between England and Scotland, ending the Bishops' Wars, is signed. 1675 – The foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London, England is laid. 1680 – The Pueblo Revolt begins in New Mexico. 1741 – King Marthanda Varma of Travancore defeats the Dutch East India Company at the Battle of Colachel, effectively bringing about the end of the Dutch colonial rule in India. 1755 – Under the orders of Charles Lawrence, the British Army begins to forcibly deport the Acadians from Nova Scotia to the Thirteen Colonies. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Word of the United States Declaration of Independence reaches London. 1792 – French Revolution: Storming of the Tuileries Palace: Louis XVI of France is arrested and taken into custody as his Swiss Guards are massacred by the Parisian mob. 1793 – The Musée du Louvre is officially opened in Paris, France. 1809 – Quito, now the capital of Ecuador, declares independence from Spain. This rebellion will be crushed on August 2, 1810. 1813 – Instituto Nacional, is founded by the Chilean patriot José Miguel Carrera. It is Chile's oldest and most prestigious school. Its motto is Labor Omnia Vincit, which means "Work conquers all things". 1821 – Missouri is admitted as the 24th U.S. state. 1846 – The Smithsonian Institution is chartered by the United States Congress after James Smithson donates $500,000. 1856 – The Last Island hurricane strikes Louisiana, resulting in over 200 deaths. 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek: A mixed force of Confederate, Missouri State Guard, and Arkansas State troops defeat outnumbered attacking Union forces in the southwestern part of the state. 1864 – After Uruguay's governing Blanco Party refuses Brazil's demands, José Antônio Saraiva announces that the Brazilian military will begin reprisals, beginning the Uruguayan War. 1897 – German chemist Felix Hoffmann discovers an improved way of synthesizing acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). 1901 – The U.S. Steel recognition strike by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers begins. 1904 – Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of the Yellow Sea between the Russian and Japanese battleship fleets takes place. 1905 – Russo-Japanese War: Peace negotiations begin in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. 1913 – Second Balkan War: Delegates from Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece sign the Treaty of Bucharest, ending the war. 1920 – World War I: Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sèvres that divides up the Ottoman Empire between the Allies. 1932 – A 5.1 kilograms (11 lb) chondrite-type meteorite breaks into at least seven pieces and lands near the town of Archie in Cass County, Missouri. 1936 – Spanish Civil War: The Regional Defence Council of Aragon is dissolved by the Spanish Republic. 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Guam comes to an effective end. 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Narva ends with a combined German–Estonian force successfully defending Narva, Estonia, from invading Soviet troops. 1948 – Candid Camera makes its television debut after being on radio for a year as Candid Microphone. 1949 – An amendment to the National Security Act of 1947 enhances the authority of the United States Secretary of Defense over the Army, Navy and Air Force, and replaces the National Military Establishment with the Department of Defense. 1953 – First Indochina War: The French Union withdraws its forces from Operation Camargue against the Viet Minh in central Vietnam. 1954 – At Massena, New York, the groundbreaking ceremony for the Saint Lawrence Seaway is held. 1961 – Vietnam War: The U.S. Army begins Operation Ranch Hand, spraying an estimated 20 million US gallons (76,000 m3) of defoliants and herbicides over rural areas of South Vietnam in an attempt to deprive the Viet Cong of food and vegetation cover. 1966 – The Heron Road Bridge collapses while being built, killing nine workers in the deadliest construction accident in both Ottawa and Ontario. 1969 – A day after murdering Sharon Tate and four others, members of Charles Manson's cult kill Leno and Rosemary LaBianca. 1971 – The Society for American Baseball Research is founded in Cooperstown, New York. 1977 – In Yonkers, New York, 24-year-old postal employee David Berkowitz ("Son of Sam") is arrested for a series of killings in the New York City area over the period of one year. 1978 – Three members of the Ulrich family are killed in an accident. This leads to the Ford Pinto litigation. 1981 – Murder of Adam Walsh: The head of John Walsh's son is found. This inspires the creation of the television series America's Most Wanted and the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. 1988 – Japanese American internment: U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, providing $20,000 payments to Japanese Americans who were either interned in or relocated by the United States during World War II. 1990 – The Magellan space probe reaches Venus. 1993 – Two earthquakes affect New Zealand. A 7.0 Mw  shock (intensity VI (Strong)) in the South Island was followed nine hours later by a 6.4 Mw  event (intensity VII (Very strong)) in the North Island. 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols are indicted for the bombing. Michael Fortier pleads guilty in a plea-bargain for his testimony. 1997 – Sixteen people are killed when Formosa Airlines Flight 7601 crashes near Beigan Airport in the Matsu Islands of Taiwan. 1998 – HRH Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah is proclaimed the crown prince of Brunei with a Royal Proclamation. 1999 – Los Angeles Jewish Community Center shooting. 2001 – The 2001 Angola train attack occurred, causing 252 deaths. 2001 – Space Shuttle program: The Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-105 to the International Space Station, carrying the astronauts of Expedition 3 to replace the crew of Expedition 2. 2003 – The Okinawa Urban Monorail is opened in Naha, Okinawa. 2009 – Twenty people are killed in Handlová, Trenčín Region, in the deadliest mining disaster in Slovakia's history. 2012 – The Marikana massacre begins near Rustenburg, South Africa, resulting in the deaths of 47 people. 2014 – Forty people are killed when Sepahan Airlines Flight 5915 crashes at Tehran's Mehrabad International Airport. 2018 – Horizon Air employee Richard Russell hijacks and performs an unauthorized takeoff on a Horizon Air Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 plane at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport in Washington, flying it for more than an hour before crashing the plane and killing himself on Ketron Island in Puget Sound. 2019 – Thirty-two are killed and 1,000,000 are evacuated as Typhoon Lekima makes landfall in Zhejiang, China. Earlier it had caused flooding in the Philippines. 2020 – Derecho in Iowa becomes the most costly thunderstorm disaster in U.S. history.

[guidetourme]

Vasa Museum

Interesting facts on Vasa Museum

The Vasa museum is situated in Stockholm, Sweden. The Vasa is the seventeenth-century's only preserved ship on the planet, and acraftsmanship treasure. More than 95 percent of the ship is unique, and it is beautified with many cut figures.

Interesting Facts on this museum

The 69 meter-long warship Vasa sank on its first journey amidst Stockholm in 1628, and was rescued 333 years after the fact in 1961. For almost 50 years the ship has been gradually, purposely and meticulously re-established to a state moving toward its unique magnificence. The three poles on the rooftop outside the uniquely fabricated museum demonstrate the tallness of the ship's unique poles. Today the Vasa Museum is the most gone by museum in Scandinavia, with more than one million guests per year. There are ten unique shows around the ship to tell about existence on board the ship. The film about the Vasa is appeared in 13 changed dialects. What's more there is a very much loaded shop and a wonderful eatery. Voyages through the museum happen each day. Free confirmation for youngsters up to 18 years. The Vasa museum is visited by around 1.2 millionpeople in a year. Stockholm's Vasa Museum is a Swedish national fortune, and one that was also voted the ninth best museum on the planet by Trip Advisor in 2015. Be that as it may, the nation's most well known vacation spot now requires earnest work to ensure it makes due for who and what is to come. More than 5000 corroded old jolts are in threat of harming the notable specialty, and so as to keep that from happening, the museum has been compelled to go for broke of expelling and supplanting the pins, one by one. The Vasa Museum being the great contemporary Swedish success still yet ironically enough it has been the nation’s biggest embarrassments. Perhaps the biggest of them all.

A touch of history

It was in the year 1981 when the Swedish government decided to construct a dedicatedmuseum for the ship, but museum was inaugurated on 15 June 1990.So far the museumis visited by more than 25 million people. The shipwhich is now in the main hall was the biggest in the historical backdrop of the Swedish armada, with an additional gun deck that the ruler himself had requested amid the Vasa's development. On August 10, 1628, the vessel withdrew from her mooring before the regal castle with about 130 crew members and spouses on board. As she cruised gradually through the islands that different Stockholm from the untamed ocean, a breeze got the sails, and the best overwhelming boat surprisingly hove to port. Water poured through the open gun ports, and the ship sank in the 105-foot (32-meter) channel. Albeit a large portion of the team and travellers got away from, a few (counting the ship's feline) ran down with the Vasa. Sporadic rescue endeavors occurred throughout the following 50 years, yet the ship was everything except overlooked before the finish of the eighteenth Century. Read the full article

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.23

30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra. 20 BC – Ludi Volcanalici are held within the temple precinct of Vulcan, and used by Augustus to mark the treaty with Parthia and the return of the legionary standards that had been lost at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC. AD 79 – Mount Vesuvius begins stirring, on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. 406 – Gothic king Radagaisus is executed after he is defeated by Roman general Stilicho and 12,000 "barbarians" are incorporated into the Roman army or sold as slaves. 476 – Odoacer, chieftain of the Germanic tribes (Herulic - Scirian foederati), is proclaimed rex Italiae ("King of Italy") by his troops. 634 – Abu Bakr dies at Medina and is succeeded by Umar I who becomes the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. 1244 – Siege of Jerusalem: The city's citadel, the Tower of David, surrenders to Khwarezmian Empire. 1268 – Battle of Tagliacozzo: The army of Charles of Anjou defeats the Ghibellines supporters of Conradin of Hohenstaufen marking the fall of the Hohenstaufen family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy. 1305 – Sir William Wallace is executed for high treason at Smithfield, London. 1328 – Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers. 1382 – Siege of Moscow: The Golden Horde led by Tokhtamysh lays siege to the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. 1514 – The Battle of Chaldiran ends with a decisive victory for the Sultan Selim I, Ottoman Empire, over the Shah Ismail I, founder of the Safavid dynasty. 1521 – Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent. 1541 – French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada. 1572 – French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. 1595 – Long Turkish War: Wallachian prince Michael the Brave confronts the Ottoman army in the Battle of Călugăreni and achieves a tactical victory. 1600 – Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara. 1628 – George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton. 1655 – Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. 1703 – Edirne event: Sultan Mustafa II of the Ottoman Empire is dethroned. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion. 1784 – Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years. 1799 – Napoleon I of France leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power. 1813 – At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army. 1831 – Nat Turner's slave rebellion is suppressed. 1839 – The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for the First Opium War with Qing China. 1864 – American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas. 1866 – Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague. 1873 – Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens. 1898 – The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London. 1904 – The automobile tire chain is patented. 1914 – World War I: The British Expeditionary Force and the French Fifth Army begin their Great Retreat before the German Army. 1914 – World War I: Japan declares war on Germany. 1921 – British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive. 1923 – Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours. 1927 – Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial. 1929 – Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city. 1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations. 1942 – World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad. 1943 – World War II: Kharkiv is liberated by the Soviet Union after the Battle of Kursk. 1944 – World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allies. 1944 – World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies. 1944 – Freckleton Air Disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England, killing 61 people. 1945 – World War II: Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War". 1946 – Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein. 1948 – World Council of Churches is formed by 147 churches from 44 countries. 1954 – First flight of the Lockheed C-130 multi-role aircraft. 1958 – Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy. 1966 – Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon. 1970 – Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins. 1973 – A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome". 1975 – The Pontiac Silverdome opens in Pontiac, Michigan, 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Detroit, Michigan 1985 – Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany. 1989 – Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands. 1990 – Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War. 1990 – Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union. 1990 – West and East Germany announce that they will reunite on October 3. 1991 – The World Wide Web is opened to the public. 1994 – Eugene Bullard, the only African American pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. 2000 – Gulf Air Flight 072 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 143. 2006 – Natascha Kampusch, who had been abducted at the age of ten, escapes from her captor Wolfgang Přiklopil, after eight years of captivity. 2007 – The skeletal remains of Russia's last royal family members Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia, and his sister Grand Duchess Anastasia are discovered near Yekaterinburg, Russia. 2011 – A magnitude 5.8 (class: moderate) earthquake occurs in Virginia. Damage occurs to monuments and structures in Washington D.C. and the resulted damage is estimated at $200 million–$300 million USD. 2011 – Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is overthrown after the National Transitional Council forces take control of Bab al-Azizia compound during the Libyan Civil War. 2012 – A hot-air balloon crashes near the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, killing six people and injuring 28 others. 2013 – A riot at the Palmasola prison complex in Santa Cruz, Bolivia kills 31 people.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.23

30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra. 20 BC – Ludi Volcanalici are held within the temple precinct of Vulcan, and used by Augustus to mark the treaty with Parthia and the return of the legionary standards that had been lost at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC. AD 79 – Mount Vesuvius begins stirring, on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. 406 – Gothic king Radagaisus is executed after he is defeated by Roman general Stilicho and 12,000 "barbarians" are incorporated into the Roman army or sold as slaves. 476 – Odoacer, chieftain of the Germanic tribes (Herulic - Scirian foederati), is proclaimed rex Italiae ("King of Italy") by his troops. 634 – Abu Bakr dies at Medina and is succeeded by Umar I who becomes the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. 1244 – Siege of Jerusalem: The city's citadel, the Tower of David, surrenders to Khwarezmian Empire. 1268 – Battle of Tagliacozzo: The army of Charles of Anjou defeats the Ghibellines supporters of Conradin of Hohenstaufen marking the fall of the Hohenstaufen family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy. 1305 – Sir William Wallace is executed for high treason at Smithfield, London. 1328 – Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers. 1382 – Siege of Moscow: The Golden Horde led by Tokhtamysh lays siege to the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. 1514 – The Battle of Chaldiran ends with a decisive victory for the Sultan Selim I, Ottoman Empire, over the Shah Ismail I, founder of the Safavid dynasty. 1521 – Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent. 1541 – French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada. 1572 – French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. 1595 – Long Turkish War: Wallachian prince Michael the Brave confronts the Ottoman army in the Battle of Călugăreni and achieves a tactical victory. 1600 – Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara. 1614 – Fettmilch Uprising: Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse. 1628 – George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton. 1650 – Colonel George Monck of the English Army forms Monck's Regiment of Foot, which will later become the Coldstream Guards. 1655 – Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. 1703 – Edirne event: Sultan Mustafa II of the Ottoman Empire is dethroned. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion. 1784 – Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years. 1799 – Napoleon I of France leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power. 1813 – At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army. 1831 – Nat Turner's slave rebellion is suppressed. 1839 – The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for war with Qing China. The ensuing three-year conflict will later be known as the First Opium War. 1864 – American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas. 1866 – Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague. 1873 – Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens. 1898 – The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London. 1904 – The automobile tire chain is patented. 1914 – World War I: The British Expeditionary Force and the French Fifth Army begin their Great Retreat before the German Army. 1914 – World War I: Japan declares war on Germany. 1921 – British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber Estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive. 1923 – Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours. 1927 – Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial. 1929 – Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city. 1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations. 1942 – World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad. 1943 – World War II: Kharkiv is liberated after the Battle of Kursk. 1944 – World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allies. 1944 – World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies. 1944 – Freckleton Air Disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England, killing 61 people. 1945 – World War II: Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War". 1946 – Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein. 1948 – World Council of Churches is formed by 147 churches from 44 countries. 1954 – First flight of the Lockheed C-130 multi-role aircraft. 1958 – Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy. 1966 – Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon. 1970 – Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins. 1973 – A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome". 1975 – The Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan has opened. It is 30 miles south of Detroit, Michigan 1985 – Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany. 1989 – Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands. 1990 – Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War. 1990 – Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union. 1990 – West and East Germany announce that they will reunite on October 3. 1991 – The World Wide Web is opened to the public. 1994 – Eugene Bullard, the only African American pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. 2000 – Gulf Air Flight 072 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 143. 2006 – Natascha Kampusch, who had been abducted at the age of ten, escapes from her captor Wolfgang Přiklopil, after eight years of captivity. 2007 – The skeletal remains of Russia's last royal family members Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia, and his sister Grand Duchess Anastasia are discovered near Yekaterinburg, Russia. 2011 – A magnitude 5.8 (class: moderate) earthquake occurs in Virginia. Damage occurs to monuments and structures in Washington D.C. and the resulted damage is estimated at $200 million–$300 million USD. 2011 – Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is overthrown after the National Transitional Council forces take control of Bab al-Azizia compound during the Libyan Civil War. 2012 – A hot-air balloon crashes near the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, killing six people and injuring 28 others. 2013 – A riot at the Palmasola prison complex in Santa Cruz, Bolivia kills 31 people.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.23

30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra. 20 BC – Ludi Volcanalici are held within the temple precinct of Vulcan, and used by Augustus to mark the treaty with Parthia and the return of the legionary standards that had been lost at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC. AD 79 – Mount Vesuvius begins stirring, on the feast day of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. 406 – Gothic king Radagaisus is executed after he is defeated by Roman general Stilicho and 12,000 "barbarians" are incorporated into the Roman army or sold as slaves. 476 – Odoacer, chieftain of the Germanic tribes (Herulic - Scirian foederati), is proclaimed rex Italiae ("King of Italy") by his troops. 634 – Abu Bakr dies at Medina and is succeeded by Umar I who becomes the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. 1244 – Siege of Jerusalem: The city's citadel, the Tower of David, surrenders to Khwarezmian Empire. 1268 – Battle of Tagliacozzo: The army of Charles of Anjou defeats the Ghibellines supporters of Conradin of Hohenstaufen marking the fall of the Hohenstaufen family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy. 1305 – Sir William Wallace is executed for high treason at Smithfield, London. 1328 – Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers. 1382 – Siege of Moscow: The Golden Horde led by Tokhtamysh lays siege to the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. 1514 – The Battle of Chaldiran ends with a decisive victory for the Sultan Selim I, Ottoman Empire, over the Shah Ismail I, founder of the Safavid dynasty. 1521 – Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent. 1541 – French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada. 1566 - Beeldenstorm reaches Amsterdam. 1572 – French Wars of Religion: Mob violence against thousands of Huguenots in Paris results in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. 1595 – Long Turkish War: Wallachian prince Michael the Brave confronts the Ottoman army in the Battle of Călugăreni and achieves a tactical victory. 1600 – Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara. 1614 – Fettmilch Uprising: Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse. 1628 – George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton. 1650 – Colonel George Monck of the English Army forms Monck's Regiment of Foot, which will later become the Coldstream Guards. 1655 – Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. 1703 – Edirne event: Sultan Mustafa II of the Ottoman Empire is dethroned. 1775 – American Revolutionary War: King George III delivers his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St James's stating that the American colonies have proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion. 1784 – Western North Carolina (now eastern Tennessee) declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; it is not accepted into the United States, and only lasts for four years. 1799 – Napoleon I of France leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power. 1813 – At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army. 1831 – Nat Turner's slave rebellion is suppressed. 1839 – The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for war with Qing China. The ensuing three-year conflict will later be known as the First Opium War. 1864 – The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas. 1866 – Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague. 1873 – Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens. 1898 – The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, departs from London. 1904 – The automobile tire chain is patented. 1914 – World War I: Battle of Mons: The British Army begins withdrawal. 1921 – British airship R-38 experiences structural failure over Hull in England and crashes in the Humber estuary. Of her 49 British and American training crew, only four survive. 1923 – Captain Lowell Smith and Lieutenant John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours. 1927 – Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial. 1929 – Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65–68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city. 1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations. 1942 – World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad. 1943 – World War II: Kharkiv is liberated after the Battle of Kursk. 1944 – World War II: Marseille is liberated by the Allies. 1944 – World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies. 1944 – Freckleton Air Disaster: A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England, killing 61 people. 1945 – Soviet–Japanese War: The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War". 1946 – Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein. 1947 - 8th Venice Film Festival opens (first since the start of World War II). 1948 – World Council of Churches is formed by 147 churches from 44 countries. 1958 – Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy. 1962 - First Europe-US live TV program is broadcast via Telstar. 1966 – Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon. 1970 – Organized by Mexican American labor union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins. 1973 – A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome". 1982 – Lebanese falangist leader Bechir Gemayel is elected as president. 1985 – Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany. 1987 – The American male basketball team lost the gold medal to Brazilian team at the Pan American Games in Indianapolis, 120–115. 1989 – Singing Revolution: Two million people from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius–Tallinn road, holding hands. 1990 – Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages) to try to prevent the Gulf War. 1990 – Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union. 1990 – West and East Germany announce that they will reunite on October 3. 1991 – The World Wide Web is opened to the public. 1994 – Eugene Bullard, the only black pilot in World War I, is posthumously commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force. 2000 – Gulf Air Flight 072 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 143. 2006 – Natascha Kampusch, who had been abducted at the age of ten, escapes from her captor Wolfgang Přiklopil, after eight years of captivity. 2007 – The skeletal remains of Russia's last royal family members Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia, and his sister Grand Duchess Anastasia are discovered near Yekaterinburg, Russia. 2011 – A magnitude 5.8 (class: moderate) earthquake occurs in Virginia. Damage occurs to monuments and structures in Washington D.C. and the resulted damage is estimated at $200 million–$300 million USD. 2011 – Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is overthrown after the National Transitional Council forces take control of Bab al-Azizia compound during the Libyan Civil War. 2012 – A hot-air balloon crashes near the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana, killing six people and injuring 28 others. 2013 – A riot at the Palmasola prison complex in Santa Cruz, Bolivia kills 31 people.