#Unit Testing Tutorial

[trendnologies]

Exploring the Types of Software Testing: Manual, Automation, Unit, Integration & More

Introduction

Software testing plays a vital role in delivering high-quality, reliable applications. With the rapid evolution of technology, understanding the different types of software testing has become essential for aspiring testers and IT professionals. Whether you're a fresher or switching careers into the tech domain, having in-depth knowledge of various testing methods can set you apart.

If you're currently exploring opportunities through Software Testing Training in Villivakkam, Trendnologies is your ideal partner. As a trusted training institute known for its real-time projects, expert-led sessions, and placement support, Trendnologies offers comprehensive training in all major testing types—from Manual to Automation, Unit to Integration, and beyond.

Let’s dive into the major types of software testing you��ll encounter in your journey.

1. Manual Testing

Manual testing is the most fundamental type of testing where testers execute test cases manually without using any automation tools.

Key Features:

Involves human observation to identify bugs.

Best suited for exploratory, usability, and ad-hoc testing.

No need for programming knowledge.

Manual testing is extensively taught in our Software Testing Training in Villivakkam, ensuring you master the core testing principles from the ground up.

2. Automation Testing

Automation testing involves the use of specialized tools to run test cases and compare actual outcomes with expected results automatically.

Key Features:

Faster execution of repetitive tasks.

Suitable for regression and performance testing.

Requires scripting knowledge (e.g., Selenium, QTP).

Trendnologies includes hands-on training in tools like Selenium to help learners automate real-world test scenarios.

3. Unit Testing

Unit testing checks individual components or modules of a program to ensure they work correctly in isolation.

Key Features:

Typically written and executed by developers.

Helps catch bugs early in the development lifecycle.

Tools used: JUnit, NUnit.

4. Integration Testing

Integration testing focuses on verifying the interaction between different modules or services in a system.

Key Features:

Ensures modules work together as intended.

Identifies issues in data flow and communication.

Techniques: Big Bang, Incremental (Top-Down & Bottom-Up).

5. System Testing

System testing validates the complete and integrated application to ensure it meets the required specifications.

Key Features:

Conducted in a production-like environment.

Covers functional and non-functional requirements.

6. Acceptance Testing

Acceptance testing is performed to determine whether the software meets business requirements and is ready for delivery.

Key Features:

Typically done by end users or clients.

Types include Alpha and Beta Testing.

7. Performance Testing

Performance testing checks how the system performs under various workloads.

Key Features:

Evaluates speed, responsiveness, and stability.

Includes Load, Stress, and Spike testing.

8. Regression Testing

Regression testing ensures that new changes haven’t affected the existing functionality of the software.

Key Features:

Frequently automated.

Essential after bug fixes or enhancements.

Why Learn All These at Trendnologies?

At Trendnologies, we don’t just teach testing theory—we prepare you for the industry. Our Software Testing Training in Villivakkam is designed to equip students with practical skills in all major testing types, using real-time projects, mock interviews, and placement-driven guidance.

FAQs

1. Do I need to learn both manual and automation testing?

Yes, having knowledge in both areas increases your versatility and job prospects.

2. Can a non-IT background student learn software testing?

Absolutely. Trendnologies provides beginner-friendly training, especially designed for career switchers and freshers.

3. Which testing type is in high demand?

Automation testing, especially using tools like Selenium and API testing, is currently in high demand across industries.

Call to Action

Ready to become a full-fledged software tester? Enroll in our Software Testing Training in Villivakkam and get industry-ready with real-world tools, hands-on projects, and expert mentorship at Trendnologies.

📞 Book your free demo today and take the first step toward a successful software testing career!

For more info: Website: www.trendnologies.com Email: info@trendnologies.com Contact us: +91 7871666962 Location: Chennai | Coimbatore | Bangalore

[meiguicha]

Report - University student so touch starved that petting passing dog causes tears

Phainon x Reader - Uni AU

If you had a penny for every time you cried while petting a fluffy white dog in a foreign country, you would have two pennies which isn't a lot but is a little sad it happened twice.

Note: cussing

//i wish a dog came up to me and wanted me to pet it. doesnt even have to be phainon i just wanna pet a dog. sorry if this doesnt make sense my brain is all t-tests and null hypotheses now.

Previous - Masterlist - Next

Its only been two weeks since the semester started, and you already want to kill yourself. 

To the people who believe that business units are easy and don’t take much brain power, you would very much like to sit them down in any one of the horrid, horrid units you’ve been forced to take and make them take the ten million tests you seem to have every week. 

Everyone has their struggles! Stop putting down one major to elevate another’s suffering! How would  you like to slave over an excel sheet for six hours wondering why your abatement graph looks like a rat got high on cocaine and was told to walk in a straight line?!

Well, this is just a very convoluted way to say that you didn’t feel like you were doing very well right now. 

Your social life has taken the biggest hit in all honesty, and with more and more assignments piling up, you’re starting to miss the best comfort of them all.

Giving your little shits of dogs back home all the kisses you can give them. 

Yes dear observer, you heard that right. The only cure to this painful existence is to carry a dog in your arms and coo at them until you’re permanently speaking in a baby voice. 

Alas, the woes of international studying only grows ever the heavier and everyday you spend away from them is another day your mental stability wears down. 

And with your morning tutorial done and another two hours to kill before your next, here you sit in a sparse field, with a cold bottle of tea and a brain leaking from your ears. In the distance, you can hear conversations of piles and plenty, from the group sitting on a blanket in the field, from the couple walking past you and the ten million friend groups loudly laughing all around you surround-sound style. 

You want to pet a dog so bad, half your problems could be solved right now if you could just pet a dog and kiss it. 

But for some god knows reason, the only non-academic reason people are here right now is to get their overly energetic children to run around a little bit. Which isn’t an exaggeration, you just saw a father run after his very, very small child across the field. 

Walk your dogs in WU people! It's big! It's kinda nice to look at! It's pretty convenient to get to! 

Taking a swig of your tea as if it can magically turn into alcohol upon will, you remove your glasses and squeeze your eyes shut, desperately praying the pain in your eyeballs is from staring at a screen for too long and not anything else. 

Your hands reach for your bag, digging through its contents to look for your earbuds, and when you feel a soft surface, you pull it out to remove them from the handmade case. All your playlists in your music app are too depressing for this, absentmindedly, all you can do is tap on a familiar golden icon as an upbeat piano fills your ears. 

Seriously, your life can’t be this sad right? Your feed is just filled with people going out partying or hanging out in some bougie ass cafe, and you’re here on a Saturday night doing notes for your next lecture. Even now, you’re just kind of… existing. 

As you shift between glancing at the people passing you by and your phone, trying to look a little less sad with your lack of social life, your eyes spot a certain something you hadn’t been expecting, much less on such a sunny weekday. 

In the distance, meandering in the soft grass and rays of sun, is a large, fluffy dog. Maybe you’re going blind, or maybe it really just has that much fur, but you can’t quite see any collar on its neck, nor do you see a panicking owner chasing after it. Well, it does take the occasional glance at some bench with some guy so you guess that he’s letting his dog run around for a little bit. 

It's really fluffy, just looking at it makes you want to pick it up and run off, you can already imagine what it would be like to stick your face into it. 

A samoyed, you think, you’ve never seen one in real life before. 

As you’re mentally beaming ‘pst pst pst’ towards it in an attempt to get it to come closer, it looks up to meet your gaze with those beady dark eyes and starts to bound over. The sheer and sudden sense of fear that fills you is indescribable, once more snapping your focus back to who you’re praying is the owner only to find zero goddamn reaction! Buddy! Your dog is fucking running away! 

And yet all you can do is watch in abject horror as this living cloud runs all the way up to your feet, obediently sitting in front of you as it pants and cocks its head. Ahh, but when it looks at you like that, so smiley and happy and innocent…

Well, you can’t say you didn’t try. If this is heaven's response for your horrid hand, then you’ll take it, happily if you may add. 

Bringing a hand to its head, you tentatively give it a rub. It's so soft, oh it's so soft you can’t even believe it's possible for a dog to be so soft. 

“Hiii, did you smell something?” Your voice pitches higher instinctively, almost cartoonishly so. 

The dog leans into your touch, pressing its nose into your wrist and sniffing along the length of your arm. As it does so, you notice how hard its tail is wagging, like it's about to take off from sheer excitement. Still no collar, maybe its owner are those people who don’t believe in collars?

“Little boy– are you a boy?” Your eyes crinkle as you coo, hand migrating to its soft body to stroke along a patch.

For a moment, it—he— stops his greeting to cock his head once more, then nods. It's a quick motion but you’ll take it for an answer, especially since you don’t think it’d be very polite to check the other way. 

A hum of surprise leaves your lips, “So smart!”

His tail wags harder, and that smiley expression greets you back ten times brighter than before. Too bright! Too bright! 

He lifts a paw onto your lap, as if asking for permission to climb up, and though the rational part of your brain says that letting a stranger’s dog climb all over you isn’t a good idea, that part shrinks in the face of such a good boy. So you let him, watching as this living cloud climbs up onto the bench to lay on your lap. Cautiously, he rests his head on your thigh and stares at you, body going entirely limp. 

Bad idea sure, the weather is like living in the ass crack of hell but dog. There’s a dog on your lap and he is looking at you with those kind, innocent eyes and you swear to yourself that you could have a heat stroke right this very moment and you would still let him lay on top of you. 

You place your hand on his head again, thumb finding the dip between his brows to stroke, “You’re so smart you know?” His tail is wagging again, lightly tapping against your bag as he closes his eyes. To call once more, the thought doesn’t even have the time to register before it falls from your lips once more, “Little boy.”

As your music plays in your ears and the soft breathing of your new companion hums in the background, something in your chest tightens. It's an odd feeling, one that you’re certain predates something but you just can’t place your finger on it. Nevertheless, you ignore it and continue petting him, he’s such a good boy, it’d be a shame to stop.

Something drips into the mass of snow white fur, then another. Instinctually, you look up to check for a passing bird but find nothing, and no rain falls onto your skin. Warmth streams down your face and when you reach for, embarrassingly, all you find is your own tears. 

Crying? Seriously? Crying just because a dog came up to you and wanted to be with you? 

Removing your glasses once more, you futilely wipe away your salty grief with your free hand, and when that doesn’t work (of course it doesn’t, you’ve never been a particularly clean crier), you settle for both of your hands. 

He notices, perhaps far earlier than you realised because you now find said fluffy cloud removing himself from your lap, sitting upright to nose at your hands and face with a curiosity only animals can really pull off. 

“Sorry,” Your voice cracks, sniffling your snot as you let him push past your hands, a smile already pulling at your lips upon his insistence. Absolutely helpless in the face of such urging, you put your hands down only for him to start licking at your jaw, that familiar dog smell filling your senses. Another stray tear squeezes past, trailing down your cheeks to exactly where he’s licking, inadvertently lapping it up. Moving your head away, you laugh when he only whines at your moving away, “It’s dirty!” 

With that, you take the chance to glance at your watch, noting the long hand dangerously close to 1’o o'clock. You were born to pet dogs and be silly, not stare at data sheets and nonsense equations. And yet, the allure of money is far too tempting to resist so you must. 

Softly, you place a hand on his head once more, giving him one last pet before sighing, “I need to go to my class.”

The saying puppy-dog eyes never really made sense to you, despite owning two dogs, but the look this one gives you, the sheer urging and aggrieved pleading, it’s too much. He even whines a little bit, makes that sad ‘woo’ noise and presses against you in all its fluffy glory. 

“I know, I know but I have to go.”

Loosely wrapping an arm around him, you press a chaste kiss to his forehead, an act that seems to appease him as the heart-tugging mewling stops almost instantly, wide eyes staring at you as his tail starts to wag rapidly again. Your dad would say he’s ready to take off with how fast he’s wagging it. 

As you heft your bag back onto your shoulders, you smile, “Be good, okay? Your owner must be so worried with you gone so long.”

As if he could understand you, he nods, another quick act you’ll take as an answer. There’s an expectant glimmer in his eyes, the way he cocks his head and blinks those beady dark eyes. You can tell what he wants, you already knew the moment he sat himself upright on the bench.

Helplessly, all you can do is laugh, feel the corner of your eyes crinkle as you coo, “Good boy.”

At that, this bundle of energetic joy smiles. Head-empty and blissfully living in the present, he smiles with such joy that you can’t help the one that stays on your lips. 

Yeah, you were right. Half your problems really can be solved by petting a dog. 

[moose-mousse]

Ok. I am going to let you in on a secret about how to make programming projects.

You know how people write really good code? Easy to read, easy to work with, easy to understand and very efficient?

By refactoring.

The idea that you write glorious nice code straight is an insane myth that comes from thinking tutorials is how people actually code.

That is because programming is just writing. Nothing more. Same as all other writing.

The hobbit is ~95000 words.

Do you think Tolkien created the Hobbit by writing 95 thousand words?

Of course not! He wrote many many times that. Storylines that ended up scrapped or integrated in other ways, sections that got rewritten, dialog written again and again as the rest of the story happened. Background details filled in after the story had settled down

Writing. Is. Rewriting.

Coding. Is. Refactoring.

Step 1 in programming is proof of concept. Start with the most dangerous part of your project ( danger = how little experience you have with it * how critical it is for your project to work )

Get it to do... anything.

Make proof of concept code for all the most dangerous parts of the project. Ideally there is only 1 of these. If there is more than 3 then your project is too big. ( yes, this means your projects needs to be TINY )

Then write and refactor code to get a minimum viable pruduct. It should do JUUUUUST the most important critical things.

Now you have a proper codebase. Now everytime you need to expand or fix things, also refactor the code you touch in order to do this. Make it a little bit nicer and better. Write unit tests for it. The works.

After a while, the code that works perfectly and never needs to be touched is hard to read. Which does not matter because you will never read it

And the code that you need to change often is the nicest code in the codebase.

TRYING TO GUESS AHEAD OF TIME WHAT PARTS OF THE CODE WILL BE CHANGED OFTEN IS A FOOLS ERRAND.

( also, use git. Dear god use git and commit no more than 10 lines at once and write telling descriptions for each. GIT shows WHAT you did. YOU write WHY you did it )

Is this how to make your hobby project?

Yes. And also how all good software everywhere is made.

[fancyfade]

Massive comic bookbinding progress post.

Making a massive bookbinding post with my progress and what resources and steps I use. I do not claim to be an expert and recommend if you want to get into bookbinding yourself you look into any linked tutorials (or find some yourself), because they are made by people with much more experience.

So. When I just got into bookbinding, I was following an instructables tutorial for (link) most of the book. the sewing part, I was following this (link) tutorial. The cover tutorial (instructables) wasn't great for what I currently do, and I changed a lot looking back on it, but it had the bonus of suggesting cheap materials (Cardboard for covers, elmer's glue for spine, any spare fabric for bookcloth) that helped lower the barrier to entry and let me decide if I wanted to buy nicer stuff.

This is the first book I ever bound, using the instructables tutorial.

It's not the prettiest construction wise, but I can still hold it and read it which is at least successful for a first book (tho I did test on comics I didn't care as much about, in case I messed up).

I did a couple more books like this, one being Blue Beetle: Graduation Day (in Spanish) and the other being Artemis: Requiem, and another being Knight Terrors.

Artemis Requiem I think was the last

Next, I found and started using Dave the Designer's tutorial (link) and also got some materials actually targeted at bookbinding. I got bookbinding needles and thread (much thicker and stronger, it's easier to pull the threat through and it feels stronger) and davey board -- though since then I have tried chipboard which is muuuuuuuuuuuuch cheaper and works just as well unless you have a giant comic. Sometimes you have to lay weights on chipboard after gluing it to make sure it doesn't bend though, it likes bending when it is wet a lot.

I did a ton of books in this period. I was mostly interested in making books that had good construction and were good for protecting the comics I sewed together and felt structurally sound. I did not care at all about what the covers looked like, and just wrote titles on them with sharpie. I used mostly linen cloth, buckram cloth, or occasionally spent money on book cloth

After this, my friend linked me this (link) youtube tutorial. It does not get into sewing, because the goal of that person's tutorial is not how to sew but how to rebind paperbacks as hardbacks with fancy covers. The main focus for what I watched is on covers. They use a cricut, I got the cheapest I could find (Joy xtra, not maker or any of the big kinds). It still is expensive (like 150 dollars), and in the linked playlist the youtuber includes how you can decorate without a cricut, though that does leave less freedom for what you can choose... UNLESS you are an artist already!

Shortly before I got the cricut, I did Eric Luke's WW Run

This was when I was getting frustrated I couldn't make the books look pretty on the outside, so I drew a sketch in pencil and colored in with paint pens i had bought for action figure modding (tho im sure any type of sharpies would work).

Anyway, after that I started using the Cricuts for covers. This is the first one:

i messed up on the heat transfer vinyl stuff, so I had to repaint some parts with yellow paint. I haven't had these issues since I started using the bookcloth materials recommended by the cricut youtuber I linked earlier, which are also generally cheaper per unit than where I was getting bookcloth earlier (but shipping is expensive)

Now I do almost all my bookcovers with cricut because once you have the machine it's reasonably priced, the vinyl is pretty cheap, and it's easier on my spoons than hand drawing everything and lets you customize a lot

Lately, I've been trying to make my sewing/construction technique better, and I've been watching videos from DAS bookbinding (link). I tried to do my most recent Huntress comic with the rounded + backed spine with shoulders, not sure that I succeeded, but that's definitely on me because in the tutorial where he explains how to do it without the official material he's like "You should try this with proper equipment first, this is just for binders who took a course and could do the shouldering in a bookbinding course and want to try it on their own without having to buy the proper equipment" and. I have never done a real bookbinding course or used the proper equipment.

Hope this was informative/fun if you made it through!

[real-fire-emblem-takes]

People unfairly criticize lyn mode as being too easy. It's meant to be easy. It's literally a tutorial and every chapter teaches you specific things for the game, and it's quite good at it when you break it down. Sacred stones does similar stuff up until the route split but just less explicitly tutorialized.

Prologue: The intro is just basic controls.

Chapter 1: Then kent and sain join and you learn about weapon triangle and healing items.

Chapter 2: Then you learn about terrain, breakable walls, and houses.

Chapter 3: Then you learn about flight and ranged combat. Also on map shops.

Chapter 4: Then that you can recruit certain enemies - and also different map objectives.

Chapter 5: Then magic.

Chapter 6: Then you learn about thief utility and that red houses give you items. Also weapon effectiveness.

Chapter 7 is the first test the game throws at you. Can you move your units efficiently around/over the mountains to beat the chapter fast enough? Aka have you learned how to rescue drop yet?

Chapter 7x, despite being optional, even has stuff to teach you: mainly that enemy thieves will also go for chests.

Chapter 8: ballistas and reavers

Chappter 9: fog of war mechanics

Chapter 10: weather (the worst mechanic in the game)

also fe7 was the first game outside of japan. ofc it has an easy tutorial

[squirmydads-creations]

Two more units of my son's skaven army with test colors. There are six storm fiends so I've broken them into two squads, one with gray armor and one with blue armor, but both units will have the same green loin cloths in an attempt to tie them together into the same army. The pestilens are missing their backpacks so I'm waiting on an order from Etsy to arrive to work on that part. A good idea I've heard from some of the YouTube painting tutorials is that with a big unit, in this case the pestilens globe tossers, is to paint one to near completion so you can see how all of your color choices look together. It's the kind of thing that I wish I had done years ago instead of trying to struggle through an entire unit and then be unhappy at the end and have to go back and fix everybody. I'm mostly happy with the test model and from doing him I see what little fixes I need to do to the color scheme to make it work for the whole unit.

[ramautomations123]

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[greenplantlizard]

ghost 13-20!!!

time to begin the second arc!!!

we're out to unite the souls of 15 heroes... again!!!

makoto actually starts explaining things then just walks off

oh DAMN floating object hell dimension

,,,you needed hat man to make ganma before,,,?

anyways new week, new monsters

meanwhile takeru also hasn't explained shit

back to eyecon of the week, scrub!!!

planet ganma says phone bad

y'know, if the ore eyecon contains takeru's ghost, then what's the ore parka ghost,,, not saying this as a gotcha im kinda curious actually

takeru you can't ask to link with the soul of a man you just met

i love akari confusedly looking at yurusen

the tutorial enemy is BACK BAY-BEE!!!

note: electric element beats sword element, takeru also discovered this in reverse near the beginning of the last arc

takeru is fine and normal and not fading away

honestly as much as im trepidatious about this arc starting out with almost the same premise as the first, i think i might prefer this working with our historical hero fan to help solve his mundane problem among the monsters to the kinda perfunctory-feeling victim of the week from the first arc :)

aw shit katana ganma can use his supers now

after several episodes of calling for it, we finally get goemon

oh that's why there's sunglasses in the sword

thank you for your help monks who's names i know!

onari's also been toned down a little these past couple episodes, thank goodness

oh hi kanon! still just a prop for makoto to worry about i see

this is maybe the first time also where takeru's properties as a springboard for other characters are coming into their own too, that's cool as well :D

custom-made ganma sticker

alain finally finds his grand imperial brother, who has an interesting haircut

alain coping and seething moments

planet ganma is now full of balls

ryoma eyeball achieved!!!

alain... punch!

poor makoto, he's had his power outcrept

oh yeah he's a ghost

uchuuuuu ki- wait hang on they referenced fourze before i could that's not fair

unleash the bone snakes!

onari fingerguns

"i literally don't know how to make friends with people :)" - makoto probably

the difference between arc 1 and arc 2 makoto is that arc 1 makoto says concerning things while scowling and arc 2 makoto says concerning thinks while slightly smiling

JAVERT IS BACK BAY-BEE

i guess they can just resurrect him?

anyway the butler is back

hell cosplay

oh i didn't notice javert's helmet(?) visor has an iris and pupil pattern in it that's neat

"this guy really reigns my terror" - takeru, probably

"really? i find he revolutionises my french" - alain, probably

"well he's making me miserable" - makoto, probably

oh kanon's been kidnapped, god forbid she have agency for even a second

javert's friendly messaging eyeball

now look what you've done, you've pissed off houdini and now he's throwing blue motorcycles at you

makoto proves himself in the trial of the motorcycle

javert's giant cgi bone snake form is a real crowd pleaser

^sometimes it amuses me to just say strings of words in these posts

the motorcycle?????

take a shot every time kanon says oniichan you will die

javert deaths: 2

ok so now we've found the eyecons, we've now got to make friends with all of them i guess

this is a serious alain moment

"the ganma are the inhabitants of the afterlife, they can be recycled forever!!!"

makoto start telling people things challenge

kanon is... apparently completely incapable of looking after herself?

NECROM DEBUT

ok this is cool

alain pissed his boyfriend left

lmao he didn't even get the ok to use necrom? alain really has just been doing whatever he wants today

"YES SIR!"

ah so that's where the other two eyecons went, welp it's even more forms time!!!

"so kanon how did you become an eyecon" "i dont know it just kinda happened i guess haha"

akari conducting the important tests out here

makoto once again does gen inadvisable

ooo yummy ganma

the ganma don't believe in the power of friendship either, no wonder they got along with makoto

insufficient necrom juice

takeru just trying to get straight answers to basic questions

"your desire to meditate between parties pleases me... like how it pleases the other guy funny how you connected with two eyecons by displaying the same thing"

important eyecon information: blue liquid is good for ganma, green liquid is bad for them

well that's certainly a way to introduce yourself

plastic toy eyeball of isaac newton rides the swings

oh THAT'S an outfit, who the hell is this guy

terrible job onari

"DO YOU HAVE FAITH IN THE POWER OF MAN"

oh hey woman eyecon!!!

i feel like im losing count of how many eyecons there are hold on

this is number 15 i think???

wow necrom can just Do Shit, damn

akari out here actually trying to Do Things

gun that knocks onari specifically unconscious,,,, well i guess even though it failed it's not useless

ah so mr goggles is an evil scientist, wait he's called igor?

yeah sure

y'know there is some interesting stuff going on with the ganma tbh

well there goes akari's soul, just when she was doing things

onari the matrix?

ah there's himiko!!!

with this form, ghost gets to engage in abilities traditionally associated with women, such as dispelling ailments of the soul and Glowing Sword

i dunno, that prophecy might come true after all,,,

oh yeah spectre got possessed, kinda forgot that happened

the friction between himiko and newton does actually make sense, though maybe not quite in the way the show thinks, newton was a devoted christian, he was a white guy in 17th century britain of course he was, but he was very much against the mysticism that some tried to apply to christianity in his time, he did believe in the divine, but also that the universe created by the divine was essentially a machine that could be explained through science (or natural philosophy as it was then), then again how mystical himiko really was is debatable, she's one of those historical figures where there's debate over whether she was even real and where her kingdom was if she did exist

oh takeru just got sent to hell city

kanon do you seriously trust this guy? really?

if the blu-ray extras are to believed, alain straight up forgot what takoyaki is

why does everyone treat kanon like she's 5 years old

ah finally spectre being possessed comes into play

yeah turns out alain has absolutely no idea what friends are, that's fucked

makoto and alain fucking disintegrated

igor is still wandering around, honestly despite him taking people's souls and such, he's kinda nebulous as a threat thanks to him coming out of nowhere and being mostly disconnected from the more interesting stuff, it's like akari gets to live her own show with different villains, which is nice but like who the fuck is evil science man

philosophy has been solved

oh fuck igor lived? ah well

makoto and alain's historic toxic yaoi training match

"one day this world too will be bright fucking. Red"

alain's view of the world is now the most interesting part of the series

ADEL???????????? OUR MAIN VILLAIN IS NAMED ADEL??????????????????

guess igor's still fucking about

man everyone in this show really Does Not communicate even the most basic of information to each other

painting guy

onari just doesn't know art

guys he's literally nice

episode 19, 11:24, kanon makes her first decision, i mean sure it is to go find her brother, but she made it and no-one stopped her, criminal i count that as a win though

alain may soon realise the limitations of talking to a guy that always agrees with you

very casual LORE drop

y'know, i get the sense the ganma world might not actually be a perfect utopia and is in fact more of a regimented loveless void

kanon doing something moment

very goofy sanzou ability

igor's fucking gun

oh ok i guess we connected with benkei now

nice

what's with the yurusen reaction cam?

igor takes over a company, as you do

y'know dude you keep insisting you and makoto have a perfect friendship now, it makes me unsure if you believe that

sometimes you've got to take a bullet for the weird painter in your life

"this world is full of wonderful shapes, like circle, and sphere, and ball, and sphere-"

damn how many kids did emperor alain's dad have

"yes i would never do anything to hurt your brother" - says the guy who has no idea what hurts people

painting guy literally takes a bullet

run of avenge painting man

not now nobunaga

makoto is wracked with pain via the power of friendship

makoto returns to us!!!

perhaps alain is a little upset

necrom goo tech

literally said the power of friendship

REVEAL, not that sage is a ganma, but that his name is fucking EDITH?????

[atlaslego]

So, new R&D has started!

This was a rare WIP post from me. I don’t usually post unfinished project as it is not my aesthetic to manage my content, but it is kind of cool to share this with you.

It is a test frame for my next mecha series, Type Astro, which, as you can see, is an upgraded version of Type Altas wiht a cockpit, more flexibe arms and legs, and a sort of spine construction to add a mid body section to allow more delicate moves and poses.

To be honest, I dont know when i will finish it. I appreciate your pentiece if my creations offer a tiny little awesomeness to your life!

By the way, new torso tutorial for Atlas Unit 03 is live on my YouTube channel! Check it out!

#lego #legomoc #legomech #afol #legoinstructions #legotutorials #legobuilding #customlego #legocreations #legodesign #legotechniques #legoframe #legowip #wip

[sarkariresultdude]

"Study Smarter: Expert-Recommended Tools and Materials for Students"

 Whether you're a excessive faculty student, university undergraduate, or lifelong learner, having the proper have a look at substances can extensively enhance how efficaciously you analyze and retain know-how. Below is a curated list of encouraged resources labeled by means of topics, getting to know styles, and desires, overlaying each traditional and virtual codecs.

Study Materials For Students 

1. 📖 General Study Materials

Books

A have to-study for all rookies, this book explores proof-based mastering techniques and helps you increase greater effective study behavior.

"How to Read a Book" by Mortimer J. Adler and Charles Van Doren

Teaches analytical reading strategies and how to approach distinct genres of texts seriously.

Stationery & Tools

Highlighters, sticky notes, flashcards, notebooks (ideally sectioned or dot-grid)

Apps like Notion, Obsidian, or Evernote for virtual be aware-taking

Use Pomodoro timers like Focus Keeper or TomatoTimer for time management

2. 🧠 Cognitive and Memory Aids

Flashcards

Anki – Spaced repetition software program first-rate for memorizing anything from scientific terms to vocabulary

Quizlet – User-friendly with heaps of pre-made sets for almost each challenge

Mind Mapping Tools

XMind or MindMeister – Great for visual rookies and organizing complex ideas

3. 📘 Subject-Specific Recommendations

🌍 Humanities and Social Sciences

History

"A People's History of america" by way of Howard Zinn – A fresh, alternative perspective

CrashCourse History on YouTube – Fun, speedy-paced, and informative

Oxford History Series – Detailed but on hand instructional sources

Literature

The Norton Anthology of English Literature – Comprehensive and properly-commented

SparkNotes and CliffsNotes – Great for summaries, subject matters, and quick evaluations

Poetry Foundation – Great for knowledge poems and their analyses

Philosophy

"Sophie's World" with the aid of Jostein Gaarder – Fictional introduction to philosophical standards

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) – Free, instructional-stage articles

🔬 STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics)

Mathematics

Khan Academy – Free tutorials from basic mathematics to multivariable calculus

Paul’s Online Math Notes – College-degree notes and worked examples

Brilliant.Org – Interactive math problems and puzzles

Physics

"Fundamentals of Physics" via Halliday, Resnick & Walker – A staple for undergraduates

MinutePhysics and Physics Girl on YouTube – Bite-sized physics defined

HyperPhysics – Visual-based on-line physics concept map

Chemistry

ChemCollective – Virtual labs and trouble units

Organic Chemistry as a Second Language with the aid of David Klein – Excellent for understanding difficult standards

Periodic Videos (YouTube) – Fun deep dives into the periodic table

Biology

Campbell Biology – Comprehensive and general for maximum university-degree courses

Bozeman Science – Great video content for AP and university biology

BioInteractive (HHMI) – Interactive resources and animations

Computer Science

CS50 by way of Harvard (edX) – Free, newbie-pleasant intro to CS

freeCodeCamp – Free interactive studying in coding and net development

Cracking the Coding Interview by using Gayle Laakmann McDowell – For technical interview prep

Languages and Communication

English (and ESL)

Grammarly – Writing help and grammar checking

The Elements of Style via Strunk and White – Classic writing guide

BBC Learning English – Free resources for vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar

Foreign Languages

Duolingo – Great for beginners

LingQ and Pimsleur – For immersive language studying

HelloTalk / Tandem – Connect with local audio system for actual conversations

four. 🎓 Test Prep Materials

ACT Prep Black Book by means of Mike Barrett

Khan Academy’s free SAT prep – In partnership with College Board

GRE/GMAT

Manhattan Prep Series – Strong for both GRE and GMAT

Magoosh – Affordable, digital-first gaining knowledge of platform

Official ETS GRE Guide – Direct from the check makers

Medical (MCAT, USMLE)

Kaplan Series / Princeton Review – Comprehensive applications

Anki Decks (like MilesDown for MCAT) – Top-rated for memorization

SketchyMedical – Visual mnemonics for microbiology and pharmacology

5. 🧘 Mental Health and Study Techniques

Wellness Apps

Headspace / Calm – Meditation and mindfulness apps to enhance attention

Forest – Encourages you to stay off your cellphone while you look at

Study Bunny – A cute gamified productivity app

Study Methods

Pomodoro Technique – 25 minutes paintings, 5-minute smash

Feynman Technique – Teach the idea in easy phrases to yourself

Active Recall + Spaced Repetition – Proven satisfactory for lengthy-time period retention

6. 🖥️ Digital Platforms and Online Learning

Coursera – Offers publications from top universities in really all fields

EdX – Similar to Coursera; first rate for incomes certificate

Udemy – Huge library of affordable ability-primarily based guides

YouTube Channels – CrashCourse, Veritasium, CGP Grey, Kurzgesagt, and extra

7. 📅 Organizing Your Studies

Planning Tools

Google Calendar – For scheduling classes, study classes, and reminders

Trello or Todoist – For handling responsibilities and assignments

[catsushinyakajima]

i see math major 👀 i have to take brief calculus in the fall after not taking a single math class in 5 years… any tips to not overwhelm myself??

hi! okay sorry for the late response, I was gearing up to respond throughout the week and drafting good advice. disclaimer: I wrote A LOT. I promise it's not very scary and if it feels overwhelming, please digest it in bits. I just yap a lot and I wanted to cover all my bases.

Five years is a long time without math and enough time to forget lots of things! It's good that you're getting a good head start so there's no need for you to worry.

I'd start by practicing basic algebra: systems of equations, algebraic expressions (solving for x and stuff), linear/quadratic/exponential equations, etc. I will say, even if you once knew how to do this and used to be very good at it, there is a chance that you forgot a lot and lost your touch. Do not be deterred by that. It is OKAY. I've taken many levels of calculus, didn't take any math for a year, and then completely forgot how to factor an equation. It just happens- math is something you have to work your way back into by making a habit of it.

Then you should review trigonometry, more advanced algebra topics, etc: this is algebra II/pre-calculus. In my opinion, it's just a more extended version of basic algebra. You can review matrices too (part of alg II), but it's not very relevant to calculus unless you're taking differential equations (calc 4). But definitely, DEFINITELY, review trigonometry (sin/cos/tan, triangles, rules for their equations, the UNIT CIRCLE).

I'd say that's a good summary of things to catch up on. Once again, it is okay if you mess up some ridiculously "easy" review problems. It's seriously so, so normal, and it doesn't mean that you're set back too far or have an arduous journey ahead of you. The more you get used to doing math, the more you'll get better at it!

Here's a quick overview of topics taught in calculus I: limits, derivatives, applications of derivatives, integrals, applications of integrals.

If you have time, you could totally look into the topics that'll be taught during your semester too. You're already getting a head start by looking into reviewing things, but this would push you even forward.

Here are links to some free resources for you to use for ANY topic you choose to review (you might know some of them):

Khan Academy: has lots of videos and tutorials. Breaks topics down really well. Has review problems with answers and breakdowns of solutions. The review problems are generally basic compared to in-class test questions, but it's good for building a foundation

Organic Chemistry Tutor: This guy is the goat. His youtube videos are really thorough and he's good at explaining things and he'll walk you through different problems.

symbolab: this is an online calculator that can solve lots of different types of equations, including calculus equations! You can input the most tough, weirdest looking equations with ten variables, and as long a it's solvable it'll give you an answer

desmos: online graphing calculator! It's amazing for visualizing equations and functions.

If you have access to whatever textbook your teacher might use in the fall too, that's also great! Also, feel free to reach out to ME for any math help. I am the biggest math nerd ever so I would probably get excited to help you AHAH. I've done one of my mutuals physics homework before so I promise you wouldn't be overstepping if you asked me for anything else. Good luck on your studies!

[meiguicha]

Mystified Scholar - Leifeng Pagoda

Jingyuan x Reader - University AU

Asking for help for understanding basic economics may not have been the best idea when your tutor is horrifically attractive (it surely doesn't help that he's bad for your sanity)

//I need him in a way that concerns my grades (grade digger). But seriously I hate this subject so much so this is the weirdest way of testing my barebones knowledge. If anyone is an economics legend please send help. This is probably not that good let's be honest. Poem is 登乐游原 by 李商隐.

向晚意不適，骑车登古原。

✦ . 　⁺ 　 . ✦ . 　⁺ 　 . ✦

When you decided to take an introduction to microeconomics unit, you didn’t think your brain would end up hating it so much that it seems to reject any information about the subject to the point that you were miserably hopeless about essentially the entire 75% of the subject. 

While yes, you have done the subject before, in fact you’d say you had a great grasp on the subject up until this unit came around and destroyed your admittedly grandiose delusions about yourself, what you were learning right now could no way in cold hell be an ‘introduction’! So with your dignity and grades on the line, you did what any rational person would do, suffer in silence and watch ten million youtube videos in an attempt to catch up. 

Obviously, that did not work because if it did, you wouldn’t be here, in your room sitting on your dinky little chair with who was essentially the god of economics on your bed. Who was this god you may ask? That would be no other than your tutorial mate and coincidentally also a resident of your dormitory, Jingyuan. 

How convenient you may say, awfully convenient. 

Being the samaritan he was, he offered to help once he all but witnessed your near public breakdown over graphs that a toddler could understand. Which then led to the great moment that was this god of a man hovering over your shoulder, in very close contact and could he smell your perfume? Or did you stink? God you hoped you didn’t stink.

With his hair clipped up, courtesy of a clip you dug around your toiletries basket for, this sight that you bore must certainly be reserved for sages because you did not think this man could get any more handsome with a bright blue clip in his hair, or his rolled up sleeves, or the fact that he existed in general. You were going insane, you just knew it.

His hand is placed near yours, planted by the mouse and for his support as you very honestly tried your best to listen to him. When you reach a certain slide, Jingyuan leans in closer and speaks, soft and gentle, “So you understand business strategies?”

“Yeah.” You have to resist the urge to roll your eyes or scoff, mentally slapping yourself to behave. In an attempt to lighten the mood, or maybe because your mouth is stupid and tries to fill every second of silence in fear of something you aren’t sure of, you send him a side glance as a grin tugs at your lips, “Are you doubting my common sense?”

“Of course not, you’re very smart. I just wanted to make sure,” He reassures, a soft snort of amusement escaping him, yet there was not a single ounce of annoyance even in those golden eyes of his. 

“We’ll get straight to the graphs then.”

Your finger scrolls down on the mouse’s scroll wheel, finally landing on the graph portion for the cost advantage portion of the strategies listed. What was before you was a clearly defined graph with a demand curve and marginal revenue curve touching at the ends, the latter being much steeper than the former. With the marginal cost curve cutting through both lines and an average total cost curve tangent to the demand curve, the faded lines in the background of the curve certainly added nothing to the description to the side. 

Clearly sensing your confusion, Jingyuan merely points towards the faint lines, explaining the exact reasons for each shift with care, “So assuming our firm manages to lower costs, this means that the graph’s marginal costs and average total costs shifts downwards.”

You scramble for a red pen, writing down his explanation on a little post-it-note to paste on your notes. Out of the corner of your eyes, you think you see a smile on his lips, not quite like the usual serene quirk but bearing a different kind of sentiment. Obviously, you ignore it because you aren’t delusional enough to think that he would be looking at you like that, instead busying yourself with making sure you could read your own handwriting in the future. 

When you finish, you scroll to the next slide, a slide titled as ‘Expanding the customer base’. The bolder lines were the same, a pattern you’re starting to notice, but this time there were more faded lines, the only one missing for this slide would be the marginal cost curve. Your eyes scan over the description on the side yet when you inevitably find yourself a little lost, you turn to him with what must be the most wet eyes he has probably ever seen. Jingyuan merely points to your computer screen, gesturing with his finger the exact lines he discusses.

“If they engage in a successful advertising campaign to appeal to a new customer base, while the average total cost will increase, the average variable cost won’t.” He points towards the raised line, your eyes following along naturally. Then he continues, further explaining how the demand curve rises and how the marginal revenue curve accompanies the shift, “Right now we’re at a loss, but later on our demand will move rightwards which moves our marginal revenue and raises our price and lowers our average total costs, leaving us to make a profit.”

With a hand supporting your head while the other writes, you essentially engage in every dermatologist’s worst nightmare, rubbing your face in frustration. Why was it that when he was explaining all of this, not only were you the most stressed you’ve ever been, but the most knowledgeable you’ve ever been? Surely you must be going insane. 

“How did you get this so quickly? I feel like my brain is melting out of my nose,” You mutter into your hand. 

He laughs in dulcet huffs, a concept you never thought you’d describe someone to do yet he just did. When you least expect it, he merely tips his head as words of praise just seem to tumble out of that perfect mouth of his, “You just need time to understand the material. You’re already doing so well.”

“Do you want to continue?”

Does he know that what he’s saying could definitely be taken out of context and used for more… nefarious purposes? You were going to go crazy the more time this man spent teaching you economics of all subjects! If you could, you’d bash your head onto the table and thank every god in this world for giving you this man, then turn around and curse them out for making him too tempting for his own good. 

Pretending that you definitely did not implode inside and were completely normal, you nod and smile, “Yeah.”

Your hand scrolls down, impressive as you could clearly feel the other spasm just a little, and you look through the last slide with a graph, ‘Increase perceived value’. By now, you who have undergone the great teachings as handed to you personally by your saviour Jingyuan (not), could clearly understand what was going on. With the graph being the exact same as the last, with only one minor difference, that being the marginal revenue and demand curve being steeper to represent its elasticity. 

“The same goes for if the firm manages to increase perceived value, however the difference is that our demand moves up and rightwards as well as becoming less elastic because now our consumers have increased and are more willing to pay high prices.”

He turns to you, once again tipping his head as he asks, “Did you understand all that?”

“Yeah, no. That makes sense now,” Nodding along, you really had to admit that he was good. You place down your pen and let out a soft breath of relief, a genuine smile pulling across your lips, “Thanks.”

He responds with a smile of his own, though he brings up a different topic, “No worries, by the way…”

“Hm?” You cock your head, curious on what his next words are.

“If you’d like, I can help you with the other topics over a meal?”

The offer doesn’t fully register in your head, one because you’re still living the high of finally understanding economics, two because you weren’t expecting him to say that all of a sudden and three because… what?

“Ah?”

You must look like a baby deer with how clueless you looked right now, because he lowers himself to be eye level with you, essentially squatting down as he keeps his voice soft and clement, “I’m asking whether you’d want to go out for dinner with me, and maybe I could continue to help you with economics, if you’d like?”

Slapping a hand over your mouth, it takes everything in you to not cry, or laugh, you weren’t sure which you wanted to do more. When a few more moments pass and he only appears ever the more earnest in his offer, you could only nod, knowing that speaking may only betray your cracking voice. 

“I’d like that, yeah. I’d like that very much,” you manage to murmur through your stifling hand and flushed cheeks. 

Jingyuan only laughs, all too amused with the sight of you. He’s so glad he perfected learning and explaining all those theories, how else was he going to approach you when the only glimpses he gets of you are fleeting and few? It only took him about a night’s worth of studying, but if it meant he got to see more of you and that determination in your eyes, it was all worth a few hours of lost sleep. 

✦ . 　⁺ 　 . ✦ . 　⁺ 　 . ✦

夕阳无限好，只是近黃昏。

[ersaersa-ersaelectronics]

ATMEGA328P-PU: The Little Prince of Microcontrollers in Circuits & Stars

A Meeting in the Desert of Circuits

The desert stretched endlessly, its sands glowing like gold under the sun. I was tracing the dunes, heading toward a distant oasis, when I spotted a glint in the sand—a small, rectangular shape, no bigger than a ladybug.

“You’re… very small,” I said, kneeling. “And you’re a child who talks to microcontrollers,” it replied, voice soft as the wind. “But some keepers of light are smallest when they’re strongest. Ask the fox.”

It was an ATMEGA328P-PU—the heart of Arduino Uno, but to me, it felt like a secret. Let me tell you its story.

1. What Is the ATMEGA328P-PU? (A Keeper of Code, Not Just Silicon)

This was no ordinary chip. It was a ATMEGA328P-PU, an 8-bit AVR microcontroller in a 28-pin DIP suit—smaller than a baobab seed, but tough as the roots of the rose’s planet. Here’s its secret:

Clock Speed: 16-20MHz (overclockable to 24MHz for daredevils). Faster than the fox darting across the dunes.

Memory: 32KB Flash (stores code), 2KB SRAM (variables), 1KB EEPROM (your debugging tears). Like a Pensieve for electrons.

I/O Pins: 23 programmable pins (14 digital, 6 analog). Windows to the world—like the portholes on a spaceship.

Fun Fact: Engineers call it the “Cockroach of MCUs.” Survives power surges, cosmic rays, and your “hold my beer” coding experiments. Even the baobabs can’t crush it.

“Why so quiet?” I asked. “Keepers don’t shout,” it said. “They just keep.”

2. ATMEGA328P-PU & Its Siblings: Stars in the Same Sky

In the desert of microcontrollers, ATMEGA328P-PU has siblings—some older, some louder, but none quite like it:

ATMEGA328-PU: An older star. Higher power draw, like a planet that burns too bright. Avoid—like flip phones in 2025.

ATMEGA328PB-PU: A louder sibling. Extra peripherals (UART, timers), but bulkier. For complex projects, like a planet with too many volcanoes.

ATMEGA328P-PU: The steady one. Lower power (1.8V-5.5V), optimized code. Ideal for battery-powered projects—like a rose that blooms in the desert.

Roast Alert: ATMEGA328-PU (grumbling): “I’m vintage!” ATMEGA328P-PU (calm, like the fox): “I’m in NASA prototypes. You’re in a landfill. Bye.”

3. Why the Fox (and Engineers) Choose It

ATMEGA328P-PU isn’t flashy. It’s the kind of friend who shows up, fixes your code, and leaves without fanfare. Here’s why:

Cost: $3/unit—cheaper than a morning espresso (and way more useful). Even the rose, who’s picky, approves.

Simplicity: No Wi-Fi tantrums or driver hell (looking at you, ESP32). Like a well-tended garden—no weeds.

Community Support: 10k+ Arduino tutorials. Google is your co-pilot, and the fox is your guide.

Real-World Flex:

Mars Rover Prototypes: Runs in -40°C labs (tested by NASA JPL). Even cosmic frost can’t stop it.

DIY COVID Ventilators: 2020’s MacGyver hero (MIT Open-Source Project). Saved lives, one byte at a time.

“Why not be bigger?” I asked. “Big things break,” it said. “Tiny things fit. In garage labs. In Mars rovers. In portable ECGs.”

4. Programming the Little Prince: A Dance with Code

Want to wake the ATMEGA328P-PU? It’s like taming a fox—gentle, patient, and rewarding.

Option 1: Arduino IDE (The Friendly Path)

Connect via USB-to-Serial (e.g., CH340G). Pray the drivers install (sometimes they don’t—blame AliExpress).

Select Board: Arduino Uno (even if you’re using a breadboard).

Upload Code: Watch the LED blink, like a star winking hello.

Option 2: Bare-Metal with AVRDUDE (The Adventurer’s Path)

Command: avrdude -c usbasp -p m328p -U flash:w:your_code.hex

Pro Tip: If smoke appears, take a breath. The fox says, “It’s not your fault—sometimes stars misbehave.”

5. Burning the Bootloader: Tending the Rose

Burning a bootloader is like planting a rose—delicate, but necessary.

Tools Needed:

Programmer: USBasp, Arduino as ISP, or a sacrificial Uno (no tears, it’ll forgive you).

Software: Arduino IDE or AVRDUDE (the gardener’s tools).

Steps:

Wire It Up: Connect MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, GND, VCC. Triple-check—no one likes a fried rose.

Arduino IDE: Tools > Programmer > USBasp (or your tool).

Burn: Tools > Burn Bootloader. Wait for the magic (or error messages—they’re just the rose’s thorns).

[dnaayan]

How important the mathematics is for asvab test?

Math is super important for the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery especially if you're aiming for a high score or a specific job (MOS/AFSC/Rating) in the military. Arithmetic Reasoning including Word problems involving basic math, percentages, ratios, time, distance. Mathematics Knowledge including algebra, geometry, order of operations, fractions.

GET FREE VIDEO TUTORIAL 👈.

The function f(x) is shifted 3 units right and 2 units up. Write the transformed function if f(x)=x^2

If you need strong knowledge in mathematics. Try to see video tutorial. I think you will get more clear idea.

[sacredechoes]

I'm thinking of trying my hand at some GBA Fire Emblem ROM hacking, and I was wondering, what software/program/whatever was used to make Sacred Echoes?

My workflow for Sacred Echoes ended up being pretty similar to how the original devs built FE8 - meaning I was mostly working with source code and the compiler with various command-line utilities to convert my asset files into a data format the GBA could handle. When I started the project in mid-2018, I already had some formal education and work experience in programming, so I was past the steepest part of the learning curve for these specific tools.

Please note that my methods are NOT the methods I would recommend for a first project unless you're already familiar with the software development process and using command-line tools. I went into Sacred Echoes knowing I would need to write a bunch of custom code to modify the game mechanics beyond what the beginner tools at the time allowed me to do, so I chose the more complex path. If you're looking for an all-in-one graphical editor that's more friendly to beginners, FEBuilder is amazing and constantly updated with new functions. Whichever method you decide on using, the FE Universe forum and discord are full of resources, tutorials, and helpful people, and I wouldn't have been able to succeed without them. Best of luck on your project!

That said, here's all the technical details and links to all the tools I used:

Sacred Echoes was built using a combination of GNU make (a build system used to automatically detect and compile changes to source code in large projects) and Event Assembler, a utility primarily built for editing the GBA Fire Emblem games. Event Assembler is used with a method called the buildfile, which is essentially a fancy text file with instructions for Event Assembler to insert source files into a ROM and linking different parts together. This meant I used different tools for creating each type of data. Unlike with a ROM editor (such as FEBuilder), I wasn't constantly saving my changes to the same ROM file, but instead freshly building it each time I made a change and wanted to test. This meant that if I messed up (very common when writing custom code), I could just comment out the relevant code or instructions in the buildfile and rebuild from source, rather than try to pick through the ROM by hand to fix issues.

There were cases where I would need to view and edit raw binary data with a hex editor (usually to find a pointer to compressed graphics or a data table); I prefer HxD for that.

For graphics, use any program that can edit and save .PNG files (I used MS Paint and GIMP), and then a tool for game graphics called Usenti to put them into a format the GBA can read. If you need to find and rip graphics from a ROM to edit them, GBAGE is the gold standard (and comes built-in to FEBuilder).

Maps are built from the tileset graphics using a program called Tiled.

For music, the GBA uses MIDI sequences, so any audio program with MIDI support works fine for that. (I used Anvil Studio). The MIDI file is then converted to GBA with a utility called midi2agb.

For unit data and other large data structures, I used a spreadsheet in CSV format, which can be edited with a program like Excel or LibreOffice Calc.

For map events and loading units, the GBA FE games use a scripting language called Event Assembler Language, which just gets written in a raw .txt file. A good plaintext editor like Notepad++ or SublimeText can help keep track of language syntax and keywords.

For assembly code, it is also written in a text editor, and then compiled to bytecode with devkitARM. Most of it I wrote in raw ARM assembly language (which is specific to the GBA's CPU), but in more complex cases towards the end of the project I wrote the code in the C programming language and compiled it with devkitARM.

To keep track of my source files and changes, and to make backups and version control easier, I just used GitHub because I already had an account, but you could also use GitLab or Bitbucket instead.

Finally, I used some tools made by the FE hacking community specifically for automating some tasks and formatting data - most of these are Python scripts, but some can be downloaded as compiled executables. I used "lyn", "TMX2EA", "C2EA", TextProcess and ParseFile, and AnimationAssembler. Ask on the FEU discord or check the forum's toolbox tag.

[slyacademy]

The SAT, ACT, AP, IB, GCSE, IGCSE, and O/A Levels — all in one convenient place.

Introduction: Why Sly Academy?

In today’s competitive academic landscape, access to high-quality learning resources is essential. At Sly Academy, we believe that every student should have the opportunity to excel, regardless of their financial situation. Our platform offers a wide range of free study guides, past papers, interactive math tools, and subject-specific tutorials designed by experts. By centralizing these resources, we help learners prepare for standardized tests such as the SAT, ACT, AP, IB, GCSE, IGCSE, and O/A Levels — all in one convenient place.

The Sly Academy blog is updated weekly with fresh content to ensure that you always have access to the latest strategies, insights, and learning materials. You can check out our regularly updated blog here: Sly Academy Blog

In the following sections, we’ll explore our comprehensive offerings by subject and examine how you can leverage these resources to achieve academic excellence.

Exploring the Sly Academy Ecosystem

Sly Academy is more than just a website — it’s a thriving community dedicated to education and empowerment. We offer a seamless experience with tools and resources that cater to a broad spectrum of subjects and exams. Here’s a glimpse into what you can expect:

Free Study Guides and Past Papers: Whether you’re revising for an exam or delving into a new topic, our study guides and past papers give you a detailed understanding of exam patterns and subject intricacies.

Interactive Math Tools: From basic calculations to advanced problem-solving, our math section includes converters, calculators, and printable charts to simplify learning.

Expert-Curated Content: All our resources are developed by educators and experts to ensure they are both accurate and easy to understand.

Broad Range of Subjects: From literature and history to science and computer programming, Sly Academy covers it all.

This guide will walk you through the specifics of each subject category. Let’s begin with our extensive English resources.

Mastering English Literature & Language

English is at the heart of academic communication, and mastering it can open doors to countless opportunities. At Sly Academy, we have developed detailed modules for both AP English Literature and AP English Language, each designed to enhance your analytical and writing skills.

AP English Literature Resources

Our AP English Literature section is meticulously structured to help you analyze texts, understand historical contexts, and craft compelling literary arguments. Below, we highlight some key units and resources:

1. Societal and Historical Context

Understanding the backdrop against which a literary work is set is crucial for meaningful analysis. Our resources on societal and historical context include:

Epiphany as a Driver of Plot:Epiphany as a Driver of Plot Explore how sudden realizations influence character development and plot progression.

Sudden and More Gradual Change in Characters:Sudden and More Gradual Change in Characters Learn to differentiate between abrupt shifts and subtle evolutions in character arcs.

Unit Overview — Societal and Historical Context:Overview of Societal and Historical Context This overview provides a comprehensive guide to understanding the influence of society and history on literature.

2. Literary Techniques in Longer Works

Deep-dive into the mechanics of storytelling with our guides on literary techniques:

Developing Literary Arguments within a Broader Context:Developing Literary Arguments Learn how to construct robust arguments that are supported by textual evidence.

Characters as Symbols, Metaphors, and Archetypes:Characters as Symbols Analyze how characters can represent larger ideas or societal norms.

The Effect of Narrative Tone and Bias on Reading:Narrative Tone and Bias Understand how tone influences interpretation and meaning.

Nonlinear Narrative Structures: Flashbacks and Foreshadowing:Understanding Nonlinear Narratives Master the techniques of flashbacks and foreshadowing in complex narratives.

Interpreting Character Complexity:Understanding Character Complexity Delve into the multi-dimensional nature of characters.

Interpreting Foil Characters:Interpreting Foil Characters Learn how foil characters enhance the main narrative.

Unit Overview — Literary Techniques in Longer Works:Overview of Literary Techniques Get a bird’s-eye view of how these techniques work together to shape narrative.

3. Structure and Figurative Language

Explore the building blocks of poetry and prose with these detailed guides:

Identifying and Interpreting Extended Metaphors:Extended Metaphors Learn how extended metaphors create layers of meaning.

Types of Comparisons in Poetry (Including Personification and Allusion):Types of Comparisons in Poetry Understand the different comparisons and their impacts on poetic language.

Use of Techniques like Imagery and Hyperbole:Imagery and Hyperbole Discover how vivid language can transform the reader’s experience.

Traits of Closed and Open Structures in Poetry:Closed vs. Open Structures Analyze how structural choices affect the meaning and flow of a poem.

Unit Overview — Structure and Figurative Language:Overview of Structure and Figurative Language This overview ties together the various elements of poetic structure.

4. Character Conflict and Storytelling

Effective storytelling often hinges on the dynamics between characters and their environments. Our resources here cover:

Narrative Distance, Tone, and Perspective:Narrative Distance and Tone Learn how tone and perspective shape a reader’s understanding of a story.

Types of Narration (e.g., Stream of Consciousness):Stream of Consciousness Explore different narrative styles and their effects.

Archetypes in Literature:Literary Archetypes Understand how archetypal characters guide the plot and connect with audiences.

Character Interactions with Setting and Its Significance:Characters and Setting Discover the role of setting in character development.

Protagonists, Antagonists, and Conflict:Protagonists and Antagonists Analyze how conflict drives narrative tension.

Unit Overview — Character Conflict and Storytelling:Overview of Character Conflict Get an integrated understanding of storytelling dynamics.

Remember, every great journey begins with a single step. Embrace the power of knowledge with Sly Academy, and let us help you unlock your full potential. Start exploring today, and take charge of your academic destiny!

This post is part of our ongoing commitment to provide free, high-quality, SEO-friendly educational content. For further reading and additional resources, be sure to check out the links throughout this guide. Together, we can make learning accessible, engaging, and transformative for every student worldwide.

Happy Studying!

— The Sly Academy Team