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derek6196 · 8 months

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Define a winner

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A winner is a person or group who has achieved success or victory in a competition, contest, or any other endeavor. Winning typically involves surpassing one's opponents or overcoming significant obstacles to reach a desired outcome. Winning can also refer to achieving a personal goal or objective, regardless of whether it involves competing against others. The definition of a winner can vary depending on the context in which the term is used, but generally it refers to someone who has achieved a desirable outcome or accomplished something noteworthy.

Share five olympic champions and their story

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Sure, here are five Olympic champions and a brief summary of their inspiring stories:

Simone Biles - Simone Biles is an American artistic gymnast who has won a total of 32 Olympic and World Championship medals, making her the most decorated American gymnast of all time. Despite growing up in foster care and facing various challenges, Biles discovered her talent for gymnastics at a young age and has since become an icon in the sport.

Michael Phelps - Michael Phelps is an American swimmer who has won a total of 28 Olympic medals, 23 of which are gold. Phelps faced a number of personal challenges, including ADHD and depression, but he channeled his energy into swimming and became one of the most successful athletes in Olympic history.

Usain Bolt - Usain Bolt is a Jamaican sprinter who has won a total of 8 Olympic gold medals and is considered one of the greatest sprinters of all time. Bolt grew up in poverty and faced numerous setbacks, but his incredible speed and determination propelled him to Olympic glory.

Jesse Owens - Jesse Owens was an American track and field athlete who won four gold medals at the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Owens faced discrimination and racism in his own country, but he used his success on the world stage to challenge racial stereotypes and become a civil rights icon.

Kipchoge Keino - Kipchoge Keino is a Kenyan long-distance runner who won a total of 6 Olympic medals, including two golds. Keino grew up in poverty and overcame numerous obstacles to become a world-class athlete, and he has since dedicated his life to improving the lives of children in his native Kenya through his charitable foundation.

Five greatest presidents, CEOs, CFOss and their story

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Sure, here are four great individuals in each of the categories you mentioned along with a brief summary of their story:

Greatest Presidents:

a) George Washington - As the first President of the United States, George Washington set the precedent for all future presidents. He led the country through the American Revolution, helped establish the U.S. Constitution, and emphasized the importance of national unity.

b) Abraham Lincoln - Abraham Lincoln is widely regarded as one of the greatest American presidents for his leadership during the Civil War and his efforts to abolish slavery. He is known for his eloquent speeches and unwavering commitment to preserving the Union.

c) Franklin D. Roosevelt - Roosevelt led the U.S. through some of its toughest times, including the Great Depression and World War II. He implemented many programs that helped Americans during the Depression, including the New Deal, and led the country to victory in WWII.

d) John F. Kennedy - JFK is remembered for his charismatic personality and his efforts to promote civil rights and social justice. He also played a crucial role in the Cold War, particularly during the Cuban Missile Crisis. e) Barack Obama - As the first African American president, Obama is known for his efforts to promote healthcare reform and combat climate change. He also helped lead the country through the 2008 financial crisis.

Greatest CEOs:

a) Jeff Bezos - Bezos is the founder and former CEO of Amazon, one of the most successful companies in the world. Under his leadership, Amazon revolutionized e-commerce and expanded into new areas such as cloud computing and streaming services.

b) Steve Jobs - Jobs co-founded Apple and played a key role in developing some of the most iconic products of our time, including the iPhone, iPod, and iPad. He was known for his passion for design and his dedication to innovation.

c) Bill Gates - Gates co-founded Microsoft and played a crucial role in the development of the personal computer. He is also a philanthropist, having donated billions of dollars to causes such as global health and education.

d) Mark Zuckerberg - Zuckerberg is the founder and CEO of Facebook, one of the largest social media platforms in the world. He has faced controversy over issues such as privacy and misinformation but has also been praised for his efforts to connect people around the world.

e) Tim Cook - Cook is the CEO of Apple and has overseen the company's continued success since taking over for Steve Jobs in 2011. He is known for his focus on innovation and sustainability.

Greatest CFOs:

a) Ruth Porat - Porat is the CFO of Google's parent company, Alphabet, and is known for her financial acumen and leadership. She has helped guide the company through periods of growth and has emphasized the importance of transparency in financial reporting.

b) Luca Maestri - Maestri is the CFO of Apple and has played a crucial role in the company's financial success. He is known for his strategic thinking and his ability to manage complex financial operations.

c) Chuck Robbins - Robbins is the CEO of Cisco Systems and has also served as the company's CFO. He is known for his financial expertise and his commitment to innovation and sustainability.

d) Martin Schroeter - Schroeter was the CFO of IBM from 2014 to 2017 and played a key role in the company's transformation. He helped lead IBM's shift towards cloud computing and focused on driving growth in emerging markets.

e) David Anderson - Anderson is the CFO of Honeywell and is known for his strong leadership and financial expertise. He has helped guide the company through periods of growth and has emphasized the importance of innovation and sustainability.

Five greatest golfers and their story

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Sure, here are five of the greatest golfers, along with a brief overview of their stories:

Golfers:

Tiger Woods - Born in 1975, Tiger Woods is widely considered one of the greatest golfers of all time. He turned pro in 1996 and quickly rose to fame, winning his first major tournament in 1997 at the age of 21. Over the course of his career, Woods has won 15 major championships and 82 PGA Tour titles, among many other honors. Despite some personal setbacks and injuries, he remains a dominant force in the sport.

Jack Nicklaus - Born in 1940, Jack Nicklaus is another legendary golfer who is often mentioned in the same breath as Woods. Nicknamed the "Golden Bear," he won 18 major championships and 73 PGA Tour titles over the course of his career. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest putters in the history of the game.

Arnold Palmer - Born in 1929, Arnold Palmer was one of the most beloved golfers of his time. He won seven major championships and 62 PGA Tour titles, and is known for popularizing the sport through his engaging personality and charitable work. The drink "Arnold Palmer" (a mix of lemonade and iced tea) is named after him.

Ben Hogan - Born in 1912, Ben Hogan was a renowned golfer who won nine major championships and 64 PGA Tour titles. He was known for his intense focus and work ethic, and is often cited as an inspiration by other golfers. In 1949, he survived a near-fatal car accident but returned to the sport and won six more majors.

Bobby Jones - Born in 1902, Bobby Jones is considered one of the greatest amateur golfers of all time. He won 13 major championships and co-founded the Masters Tournament, one of the sport's most prestigious events. Jones was known for his sportsmanship and intellect, and after retiring from golf went on to become a successful lawyer.

Five greatest professors and their story

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Albert Einstein: Einstein was a theoretical physicist who is widely considered as one of the greatest minds in modern science. He is known for his groundbreaking contributions to the development of the theory of general relativity and the famous equation E=mc². He was a professor of theoretical physics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and later at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University in the United States.

Stephen Hawking: Hawking was a theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to the study of black holes and the universe's origins. Despite being diagnosed with a motor neuron disease at a young age, he continued his work and became a professor of mathematics at the University of Cambridge, where he held the prestigious Lucasian Chair of Mathematics from 1979 until 2009.

Marie Curie: Curie was a Polish-born physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research in radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person to win two Nobel Prizes in different fields (physics and chemistry), and the first female professor at the University of Paris. She was a true trailblazer for women in science.

Richard Feynman: Feynman was an American physicist who made significant contributions to quantum mechanics and particle physics. He was a professor of physics at the California Institute of Technology, where he taught and conducted research for many years. He was known for his ability to explain complex scientific concepts in a simple and understandable way, making him a beloved teacher and mentor to many.

Noam Chomsky: Chomsky is a linguist, philosopher, and political activist who is widely considered one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century. He is known for his work on the theory of generative grammar, which has had a significant impact on the field of linguistics. He is a professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he has been teaching since 1955. Chomsky has also been an outspoken critic of American foreign policy and an advocate for social justice and human rights.

Share a winner's mindset.

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A winner's mindset is characterized by several key traits that enable individuals to achieve their goals and succeed in their endeavors. Here are some of the key aspects of a winner's mindset:

Goal-oriented: Winners have a clear understanding of what they want to achieve and they set specific, measurable goals to help them get there. They have a vision of what success looks like and they work tirelessly to make that vision a reality.

Resilience: Winners understand that setbacks are inevitable and view them as opportunities to learn and grow. They do not let failure defeat them but instead use it as motivation to try harder.

Positive attitude: Winners maintain a positive attitude, even in the face of adversity. They focus on the good in any situation and use that to drive their motivation and momentum.

Perseverance: Winners don't give up easily. They are committed to seeing things through to the end and are willing to put in the time and effort required to achieve their goals.

Continuous learning: Winners are always looking for ways to improve themselves and their skills. They seek out new experiences and opportunities to learn, and are open to feedback and constructive criticism.

Focus: Winners have a laser-like focus on their goals and priorities. They are disciplined in their approach and avoid distractions that could derail their progress.

Overall, a winner's mindset is characterized by a relentless pursuit of excellence, a strong work ethic, and a commitment to personal growth and development. By adopting these key traits, anyone can develop a winner's mindset and achieve their goals.

Seven powerful books that touch lives.

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Here are seven powerful books that have the potential to touch lives:

"Man's Search for Meaning" by Viktor Frankl - This book explores the importance of finding meaning and purpose in life, even in the midst of great suffering.

"The Alchemist" by Paulo Coelho - This novel tells the story of a shepherd boy who goes on a journey to follow his dreams and discover his true destiny.

"To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee - This classic novel deals with issues of racism, prejudice, and injustice, and encourages readers to stand up for what is right, even in the face of opposition.

"The Power of Now" by Eckhart Tolle - This book teaches readers how to live in the present moment and let go of negative thoughts and emotions, leading to a greater sense of inner peace and happiness.

"The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People" by Stephen Covey - This self-help book provides readers with practical tools for improving their personal and professional lives, emphasizing the importance of proactive thinking and effective communication.

"The Autobiography of Malcolm X" by Malcolm X and Alex Haley - This powerful memoir chronicles the life of civil rights leader Malcolm X, exploring his transformation from a criminal to a respected activist and the impact of his advocacy on the civil rights movement.

"The Four Agreements" by Don Miguel Ruiz - This book presents four simple principles for living a happier, more fulfilling life, based on ancient Toltec wisdom. These principles include being impeccable with your word, not taking things personally, not making assumptions, and always doing your best.

Four most well read classics in the world

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Here are four of the most well-read classics in the world:

"The Bible" - The Bible is considered the world's most widely read and influential book, with an estimated 5 billion copies sold since it was first compiled over 2,000 years ago. It is a collection of religious texts that are revered by Christians, Jews, and Muslims around the world.

"Don Quixote" by Miguel de Cervantes - This novel, first published in 1605, is widely considered one of the greatest works of fiction ever written. It tells the story of a Spanish nobleman who becomes obsessed with the ideals of chivalry and sets out to revive the age of knights in modern-day Spain.

"The Odyssey" by Homer - This epic poem, written in ancient Greece in the 8th century BCE, tells the story of the Greek hero Odysseus and his long journey home after the Trojan War. It is considered one of the foundational works of Western literature and has been widely read and studied for centuries.

"War and Peace" by Leo Tolstoy - This novel, published in 1869, is often considered one of the greatest works of literature ever written. It tells the story of five Russian aristocratic families during the Napoleonic Wars, exploring themes of love, war, and the struggle for personal and national identity. Despite its length (over 1,000 pages in some editions), it has been widely read and translated into numerous languages.

Some self-improvement winning tips and psychology success secrets

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Sure! Here are some self-improvement winning tips and psychology success secrets:

Set specific, achievable goals: Setting specific, achievable goals helps you focus your efforts and make progress towards a tangible outcome.

Practice self-compassion: Being kind to yourself and treating yourself with the same care and understanding you would offer a good friend can help you overcome setbacks and cultivate resilience.

Build positive relationships: Surrounding yourself with positive, supportive people can help you stay motivated and provide a sense of community.

Develop a growth mindset: Embrace the idea that your abilities can be developed through hard work and dedication. Believe that your skills and intelligence can improve over time.

Take care of your physical health: Exercise regularly, eat a healthy diet, and get enough sleep. Taking care of your physical health can help you feel better and perform at your best.

Practice mindfulness: Mindfulness practices like meditation or deep breathing can help you manage stress and cultivate a sense of calm and focus.

Learn from failure: Failure is a natural part of the learning process. Instead of getting discouraged, try to identify what you can learn from your failures and use that knowledge to improve.

Celebrate small victories: Acknowledge and celebrate your accomplishments, no matter how small they may seem. Celebrating your progress can help you stay motivated and focused on your goals.

Practice gratitude: Take time to appreciate the good things in your life, and focus on what you have rather than what you lack. Cultivating a sense of gratitude can help you feel happier and more fulfilled.

Keep learning: Continuously seek out opportunities to learn and grow, whether through reading, taking classes, or trying new experiences. This can help you develop new skills, broaden your perspective, and stay engaged with the world around you.

I hope these tips help you on your journey towards self-improvement and success!

Ten olympics winning affirmations and self talk

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Sure, here are ten affirmations and self-talk statements for winning in the Olympics:

I am a strong and skilled athlete, and I have what it takes to win this competition.

I am mentally and physically prepared to compete at my highest level.

I am confident in my abilities and trust my training to carry me through.

I am focused and present in the moment, letting go of any distractions or doubts.

I am fully committed to giving my best effort, no matter the outcome.

I am grateful for this opportunity to showcase my talent and hard work.

I am proud of myself and my journey, no matter what happens today.

I am surrounded by love and support from my family, friends, and coaches.

I am capable of overcoming any obstacles that may arise during competition.

I am a champion, and I will bring my A-game to every event.

Healthy food to eat and a health lifestyle regime

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Sure, here are some healthy foods and lifestyle habits that can contribute to overall well-being:

Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables: These foods are packed with essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are important for maintaining good health.

Choose whole grains: Whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, and whole wheat bread provide fiber, vitamins, and minerals that are important for good health.

Consume lean proteins: Choose lean proteins like chicken, turkey, fish, tofu, and beans to provide important nutrients without excess fat.

Avoid processed and sugary foods: Processed foods and sugary snacks can lead to weight gain and poor health outcomes. Instead, opt for whole foods that are minimally processed.

Drink plenty of water: Staying hydrated is important for overall health and can help prevent dehydration-related health problems.

In addition to healthy eating habits, here are some lifestyle habits that can promote good health:

Get regular exercise: Exercise helps to maintain a healthy weight, reduces the risk of chronic disease, and improves mental health.

Get enough sleep: Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep each night to help reduce stress and improve overall health.

Manage stress: Chronic stress can lead to a variety of health problems. To manage stress, try meditation, deep breathing exercises, or other relaxation techniques.

Limit alcohol consumption: Drinking too much alcohol can lead to a range of health problems, including liver disease and high blood pressure.

Quit smoking: Smoking is a major cause of preventable illness and death. Quitting smoking can improve overall health and reduce the risk of many chronic diseases.

How to live financial abudance

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Living in financial abundance is a combination of developing good habits, setting financial goals, and making smart financial decisions. Here are some tips that can help you live in financial abundance:

Create a budget: Creating a budget is the first step to take control of your finances. A budget helps you track your income and expenses, identify areas where you can save money, and prioritize your spending.

Save regularly: Saving money regularly, even if it is a small amount, can help you build a financial cushion that you can fall back on during tough times. Make saving a habit by setting aside a portion of your income each month.

Invest in yourself: Invest in yourself by learning new skills and improving your education. The more skills you have, the more valuable you will be in the job market, and the more opportunities you will have to earn money.

Set financial goals: Setting financial goals helps you focus on what you want to achieve and gives you a roadmap to follow. Whether it's paying off debt, saving for a down payment on a house, or investing for retirement, setting goals can help you stay motivated and on track.

Live within your means: Living within your means means spending less than you earn. It may mean making some sacrifices in the short term, but it can help you achieve long-term financial stability.

Avoid debt: Debt can be a trap that keeps you from achieving financial abundance. Try to avoid taking on debt whenever possible, and if you do need to borrow money, make sure you have a plan to pay it off quickly.

Be mindful of your spending: Be mindful of your spending by tracking your expenses and avoiding impulse purchases. Before making a purchase, ask yourself if it is something you really need and if you can afford it.

By following these tips, you can develop good financial habits and make smart decisions that can help you achieve financial abundance. Remember, financial abundance is not just about having a lot of money; it's about feeling secure and in control of your finances.

How to network

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Networking is the process of establishing and nurturing relationships with people who can provide you with information, resources, or opportunities that can help you achieve your personal or professional goals. Here are some tips on how to network effectively:

Define your goals: Before you start networking, it's important to know what you want to achieve. Set clear goals and objectives that you want to accomplish through networking.

Identify your target audience: Identify the people or organizations that can help you achieve your goals. Think about the industry, job function, or geography that you want to target.

Use online platforms: There are many online platforms like LinkedIn, Twitter, and Facebook that you can use to connect with people in your target audience. Join groups or communities that are relevant to your goals.

Attend networking events: Attend industry events, conferences, and meetups to meet people in person. Come prepared with a clear elevator pitch and some questions to ask.

Follow up: After meeting someone, follow up with them to continue the conversation. Send a personalized email or message thanking them for their time and mentioning something specific that you discussed.

Provide value: Networking is a two-way street. Be willing to help others and provide value to them. This will help build a strong relationship and increase the chances that they will reciprocate in the future.

Be patient: Building relationships takes time. Don't expect immediate results. Keep nurturing your relationships and staying in touch with people even if you don't have an immediate need.

Remember, effective networking is not about using people to get what you want. It's about building relationships based on mutual trust and respect.

What are good places to travels in lifetime?

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There are countless amazing places to travel to in a lifetime, and the ideal destinations will vary depending on personal preferences, interests, and budgets. However, here are some popular and highly recommended travel destinations to consider:

Paris, France - Known as the "City of Love," Paris is famous for its romantic atmosphere, stunning architecture, world-class cuisine, and rich cultural heritage.

Tokyo, Japan - Tokyo is a modern, bustling city with a unique blend of traditional and contemporary culture, incredible food, and plenty of exciting attractions and activities.

Bali, Indonesia - Bali is a tropical paradise with beautiful beaches, lush jungles, stunning temples, and a laid-back, friendly atmosphere.

New York City, USA - New York is a vibrant, multicultural city that never sleeps. It's home to some of the world's best museums, art galleries, restaurants, and nightlife.

Sydney, Australia - Sydney is a beautiful coastal city with iconic landmarks like the Opera House and Harbour Bridge, a thriving arts and culture scene, and some of the world's best beaches.

Cape Town, South Africa - Cape Town is a stunning city with a rich history, beautiful beaches, and breathtaking natural scenery, including Table Mountain and the Cape of Good Hope.

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Rio is a lively, colorful city known for its beautiful beaches, samba music, and Carnival celebrations.

Petra, Jordan - Petra is an ancient city carved into rock that dates back to the 6th century BC. It's a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most incredible archaeological sites in the world.

Venice, Italy - Venice is a beautiful, romantic city built on a network of canals. It's known for its stunning architecture, art, and culture, as well as its delicious Italian food.

Machu Picchu, Peru - Machu Picchu is an ancient Incan city built high in the Andes Mountains. It's a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world.

These are just a few examples of amazing travel destinations to consider. Ultimately, the best places to travel to will depend on individual preferences and interests.

How to end with a good estate and legacy

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Building a good estate and legacy involves making wise financial decisions and planning for the future. Here are some steps you can take to achieve this:

Create a financial plan: Develop a detailed plan for your finances that includes your income, expenses, debts, and investments. A financial plan will help you track your progress towards your goals and ensure that you are making the most of your money.

Invest for the long-term: Investing your money wisely can help you build wealth over time. Consider investing in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, and other assets that align with your long-term goals.

Plan for retirement: Planning for retirement is critical to ensuring that you have enough money to support yourself in your later years. Consider setting up a retirement account, such as a 401(k) or IRA, and regularly contribute to it.

Manage debt: Manage your debt by paying off high-interest debts first, such as credit card debt, and consider consolidating your loans to reduce your interest rate.

Consider life insurance: Life insurance can help provide financial security for your loved ones in the event of your death. Consider purchasing a life insurance policy that meets your needs and the needs of your family.

Create a will: A will is a legal document that outlines how your assets will be distributed after your death. Make sure to update your will regularly and consider seeking the advice of a lawyer to ensure that your wishes are carried out.

Give to charity: Consider donating to a charity or setting up a charitable trust to support causes that are important to you. This can help create a positive legacy and impact others beyond your lifetime.

By following these steps and making wise financial decisions, you can build a good estate and legacy that will benefit you and your loved ones for years to come.

Free Research Preview. ChatGPT may produce inaccurate information about people, places, or facts. ChatGPT May 3 Version

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cada-atletismo · 3 years

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Federico Bruno, la milla y la historia

Por LUIS VINKER El atletismo de medias distancias en nuestro país está atravesando un momento mágico. Así se vio en los recientes torneos del Grand Prix Sudamericano, en Concepción del Uruguay, y lo ratificó este miércoles 31 de marzo, en Concordia, Federico Bruno. La carrera de los 1.500 en el GP fue, por desarrollo, calidad y cantidad de argentinos involucrados, la más relevante de la historia, mientras que sobre 5.000, el líder Marcos Julián Molina estableció la mejor marca de un atleta argentino en pistas nacionales. Es muy grato que esta generación, principalmente de jóvenes mediofondistas y fondistas, puedan concretar sus progresos en medio del drama que atraviesan nuestro país, y el mundo entero. Es como una luz, un símbolo de esperanza, aunque sea lejano… También, ya en lo específicamente técnico, es aún más valioso que estos atletas puedan demostrar sus aptitudes y sus progresos después de una temporada malograda, donde no tuvieron oportunidad de competir por la suspensión obligada de la actividad atlética en casi todo el mundo. Acaso esa misma pausa les renovó sus ansias de superación. Como nombre emblemático en esta generación, Federico Bruno alcanza el mejor nivel de su campaña y concreta algunas de las tantas ilusiones que despertó en su aparición como un talento juvenil. En Concepción llevó su plusmarca de los 1.500 a 3m.38s.23, mientras que en Concordia se acaba de convertir en el primer argentino en correr una milla por debajo de los 4 minutos. Un repaso por el historial de la prueba, tanto internacional como nacional, nos ubicará en la dimensión de su hazaña. SIMPLEMENTE, CLASICOS La prueba de la milla (1.609,36 metros) tiene una gran tradición en los países de la Comunidad Británica y en Estados Unidos, cunas de las competiciones atléticas modernas. Pero la universalización del atletismo, principalmente por el efecto ordenador de los Juegos Olímpicos, hizo de los 1.500 metros llanos la distancia habitual de los mediofondistas. Aún así, la milla no perdió su encanto y muchas veces se define a los grandes corredores de 1.500 como “milleros” por autonomasia. El período que va de 1960 hasta comienzos de nuestro siglo es el que ofreció a los más grandes especialistas de la historia, ya que los récords mundiales logrados por el marroquí Hicham El Guerrouj a fines de los 90 (3m.26s.00 en 1.500 y 3m.43s.13 en la milla) permanecen intocables hasta nuestros días. Del período previo podemos resaltar al neocelandés Jack Lovelock, campeón olímpico en Berlín 1936, y a los suecos Gunder Hägg y Ander Andersson. Lovelock fue el antecesor de formidables mediofondistas surgidos en su mismo país, en una tradición que se mantiene hasta nuestros días con Nick Willis y sus dos medallas olímpicas (2008-2016). Hägg y Andersson fueron los únicos que tuvieron actuación en medio de la tragedia de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Entre ambos, batieron seis veces el récord mundial de la milla hasta que Hägg lo fijó en 4m.01s.4 en 1945. A partir de allí, se consideraba “los 4 minutos” como la barrera a batir, un mito para el atletismo. Y el que lo consiguió, después de una rigurosa preparación, fue el británico Roger Bannister el 6 de mayo de 1954 en la Universidad de Oxford, en 3m.59s.4 que quedan como uno de los momentos cumbre en la historia del deporte. Bannister se retiró poco después del deporte y se convirtió en una eminencia médica. Su récord tuvo escasa vigencia ya que a las pocas semanas, el 21 de junio, el australiano John Landy lo llevó a 3m.58s.0 en Turku, Finlandia. Luego sería el turno de dos excepcionales mediofondistas surgidos de las antípodas: el australiano Herb Elliott y el neocelandés Peter Snell. Elliott fue también campeón olímpico de 1960 en Roma y dejó el atletismo con apenas 22 años, tras haber participado en apenas 45 carreras: las ganó todas. En esos mismos Juegos, Snell fue campeón de 800 y cuatro años más tarde, en Tokio, concretó un doblete sin precedentes (800/1500). Snell –al igual que Bannister- fue una eminencia médica y, curiosamente, ambos murieron hace pocos meses. A mediados de los 60, desde los campus universitarios estadounidenses, surgió un nombre que estaba destinado al estrellato: Jim Ryun. El 17 de julio de 1966 en Berkeley, California, y con apenas 19 años batió el récord mundial de la milla al correr en 3m.51s.3. Y redujo esa marca en dos décimas al año siguiente en Bakersfield. Ryun tenía todos los boletos para el oro olímpico en México pero allí se topó con un problema casi infranqueable (o dos): la altitud y la calidad de Kipchoge Keino, el “padre” de la revolución keniata en las carreras de mediofondo y fondo. Keino se llevó la medalla de oro, una de las tantas que cosechó entre 1964 y 1972 en pruebas que iban desde 1.500 hasta 10 mil, incluyendo obstáculos. El tanzanio Filbert Bayi llevó el récord a 3m.51s.0 el 17 de mayo de 1975 en Kingston. Y pocos meses después, otro fenómeno de la legión neocelandesa, John Walker, fue el primero en bajar los 3m50s al registrar 3m.49s4 en Gotemburgo, anticipando su victoria olímpica de Montreal 76. Los finales de esa década y comienzos de los 80 estuvieron marcados por la generación dorada de mediofondistas británicos: Sebastian Coe, Steve Ovett y Steve Cram. Entre los tres, movieron en siete oportunidades el récord mundial de la milla. Coe –el actual presidente de la organización mundial (World Athletics)- tuvo un verano sensacional en el 79 y en pocas semanas se apoderó de los récords de 800, 1.500 y la milla. Fue la época de la gran rivalidad con Ovett (una especie de Nadal-Federer del atletismo) que se resolvió en los Juegos Olímpicos de Moscú. Ovett triunfó en los 800 y Coe se desquitó en unos épicos 1.500, corona que iba a revalidar cuatro años más tarde en Moscú, dejando un sello inigualable hasta nuestros días: ningún otro mediofondista pudo retener su corona olímpica de esa distancia, ni antes ni después del gran Coe. Fue un tiempo de despegue del profesionalismo, de gran promoción alrededor de las carreras de mediofondo, sobre todo con la Milla Dorada que reunía a la crema de la crema en la pista de Oslo, donde cayeron tantas marcas mundiales. Cram –el más joven entre aquellos dotados británicos y escolta de Coe en los Juegos de Los Angeles 84- llevó el récord a 3m.46s.32 el 27 de julio de 1985, justamente en la capital noruega, donde lo escoltó el español José Luis González (3m47s79) mientras que Coe (3m49s22) veía caer su marca del 81 (3m46s32) y un John Walker todavía vigente alcanzaba el sexto puesto. Sin herencia de ese calibre para esa generación británica, asomaron los dotados del norte de Africa. Said Aouita no lo hizo en la milla, pero sí el argelino Nourredine Morceli y el marroquí Hicham El Guerrouj. Morceli, tricampeón mundial de 1.500 y vencedor de la prueba en los Juegos Olímpicos de Atlanta 96, bajó el récord de Cram a 3m44s39. Y El Guerrouj, su sucesor, lo fijó en 3m43s13 durante la Golden Gala de Roma, el 7 de julio de 1999, en una carrera donde lo escoltó el keniata Noah Ngeny. Sin embargo, este se dio el gusto de superarlo en la final olímpica de Sidney en la temporada siguiente. Cuatro años más tarde, en Atenas, El Guerrouj alcanzó la cumbre de su campaña al vencer en los 1.500 y 5.000, aquí en un duelo memorable con Kenenisa Bekela. Como citábamos, mantiene hasta hoy los topes mundiales de 1.500 y la milla, además de otra distancia poco habitual como los 2.000 metros llanos. Un estudio estadístico de especialistas como Hydman-Hedman-Matthews clasificó a Hicham El Guerrouj como “el más grande especialista de 1.500 /y la milla/ de todos los tiempos”, recordando también que ganó cuatro campeonatos mundiales consecutivos sobre 1.500, entre 1997 y 2003. No obstante, el doblete dorado de Coe en los Juegos Olímpicos, así como la calidad de sus récords, nos permiten considerarlo a esa misma altura, si no superior. Cuando el actual presidente de W.A. estaba en su plenitud, recién se inauguraban los Campeonatos Mundiales y con un formato cada cuatro años. Evolución del récord mundial (bajo los 4m) 3m.59s.4 Roger Bannister (GBR) el 6.5.54 en Oxford 3m.58s.0 John Landy (Australia) el 21.6.54 en Turku 3m.57s.2 Derek Ibbotson (GBR) el 19.7.57 en Londres 3m.54s.5 Herb Elliott (AUS) el 6.8.58 en Dublin 3m.54s.4 Peter Snell (NZL) el 27.1.62 en Wanganui 3m.54s.1 Peter Snell (NZL) el 17.11.64 en Auckland 3m.53s.6 Michel Jazy (FRA) el 9.6.65 en Rennes 3m.51s.3 Jim Ryun (USA) en 17.7.66 en Berkeley 3m.51s.1 Jim Ryun (USA) el 23.6.67 en Bakersfield 3m.51s.0 Filbert Bayi (TAN) el 17.5.75 en Kingston 3m.49s.4 John Walker (NZL) el 12.8.75 en Göteborg 3m.49s.0 Sebastian Coe (GBR) el 17.7.79 en Oslo 3m.48s.8 Steve Ovett (GBR) el 1.7.80 en Oslo 3m.48s.53 Sebastián Coe (GBR) en 19.8.91 en Zurich 3m.48s.40 Steve Ovett (GBR) el 26.8.81 en Koblenz 3m.47s.33 Sebastian Coe (GBR) el 28.8.81 en Bruselas 3m.46s.32 Steve Cram (GBR) el 28.8.91 en Bruselas 3m.46s.32 Steve Cram (GBR) el 27.7.85 en Oslo 3m.44s.39 Noureddine Morceli (ALG) el 5.9.83 en Rieti 3m.43s.13 Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) el 7.7.99 en Roma Los toques sudamericanos Durante las primeras décadas del atletismo federado en nuestra región, las pruebas de mediofondo estuvieron marcadas por los duelos entre argentinos y chilenos. Las pruebas de la milla se programaban de tanto en tanto y los primeros anotados en las listas de récords son argentinos como Serafín Dengra y Leopoldo Ledesma, ambos olímpicos en Amsterdam (1928). Ledesma integraba la camada de grandes atletas surgidos de Córdoba, en tanto Dengra –proveniente de Granada, España- fue semifinalista de 800 metros en los Juegos. Igualmente (o más) famoso fue su nieto, el popular Serafo, integrante de la selección argentina de rugby –Los Pumas- hace un par de décadas. En 1938 el récord argentino y sudamericano de la milla quedó para un gran fondista como Roger Ceballos, también oriundo de Córdoba y que había alcanzado su momento de gloria en la Semana Internacional de Rio de Janeiro (marzo de 1934) cuando venció sobre 3.000 metros al campeón olímpico de obstáculos, el finés Volmari Iso-Hollo. Ceballos batió allí el récord sa de los 3.000 con 8m.36s.6, una distancia que, junto a los 5.000, eran sus favoritas. Llegó a consagrarse campeón nacional de 3.000 en siete oportunidades. Ceballos había marcado 4m.20s.3 en la milla, un registro que su compatriota Isidoro Ferrere bajó en una décima tres años más tarde. Conocido como “El Lobo” en el ambiente atlético, Isidoro llegó desde Entre Ríos y desarrolló su trayectoria deportiva en la capital argentina, siendo el mejor mediofondista a comienzos de los 40. También fue recordman de los 1.500 (3m.57s2) y en esa temporada del 41 protagonizó los recordados duelos con el chileno Guillermo García Huidobro en la pista de GEBA, por el Campeonato Sudamericano. Con 1m.54s.2 sobre 800 y 3m.58s.7 sobre 1.500, García Huidobro se llevó las medallas de oro, delante del “Lobo”, quien siguió por varias temporadas más en la Selección Nacional. Docente en Educación Física, desarrolló una intensa labor: fue profesor del INEF y de numerosas instituciones, director provincial de Deportes en Buenos Aires y entrenador atlético de planteles como River y San Lorenzo. García Huidobro, uno de los más grandes mediofondistas de la historia chilena, heredó el récord sudamericano de la milla (4m.15s.8 en esa misma temporada del 41). La revista Estadio, en su país, lo definía así: “En acción es un verdadero espectáculo. Sus músculos educados en el esfuerzo, trabajan con esa armonía perfecta que sólo da el entrenamiento intenso. Sus pulmones en acompasadas aspiraciones, se hinchan de aire puro y su c razón late jubiloso, mirando el terreno que pasa rápido, bajo sus poderosas zancadas”. Era hijo del presidente de la Federación Atlética de Chile y una vez alejado de las pistas fue un brillante arquitecto. Otro coloso chileno del mediofondo como Ramón Sandoval heredó el récord de la milla. Sandoval, quien estaba secundado en sus aventuras atléticas por su propio hermano Waldo, ya era un consagrado en nuestra región cuando decidió incursionar en el ambiente universitario de Estados Unidos, representando a Lamar en Beaumont, Texas. Tal vez por las diferencias en los sistemas de preparación o por el trajín del circuito de la NCAA no progresó en las distancias clásicas, pero le alcanzó para bajar el récord de la milla en sus intervenciones (4m11s0 y 4m09s7 a principios de 1958). En el historial sudamericana hay que anotar a Rayfield Beaton, de Guyana, con 4m.06s.0 en 1975, también en Estados Unidos, pero sin oficialización como récord ya que su país –recientemente independizado- se integró mucho tiempo después a nuestra confederación (hoy “Atletismo Sudamericano”). También en el ambiente universitario USA, el argentino Omar Ortega corrió en 4m.02s.45 en el marco de su preparación olímpica para Los Angeles. Un récord que, a nivel sudamericano, tendría escaso vuelo ya que ese fenómeno brasileño llamado Joaquim Carvalho Cruz –también compitiendo en aquel ambiente y representando a Oregon- estaba listo para intentar distancias mayores: el 13 de mayo arrasó con la “barrera” de los 4 minutos al marcar 3m.53s.00. Fue en Los Angeles, la ciudad donde pocos meses más tarde, iba a protagonizar uno de los momentos más espectaculares de la historia del atletismo sudamericano: su victoria olímpica en los 800 metros llanos, superando a Sebastian Coe y otros dotados. Cruz consiguió su récord de la mislla en la pista de Westwood, durante el Pepsi Invitational y en un cerrado duelo con el mejor mediofondista estadounidense, Steve Scott, quien lo aventajó por una centésima (3m52s99), quedando tercero Jim Spivey con 3m53s88. La marca de Cruz permaneció mucho tiempo como el mejor debut del historial sobre la milla. Joaquim, junto a sus compatriotas José Luiz Barbosa (“Zequinha”) y Agberto Conceicao Guimaraes –quien había entrenado en la Brigham Young University, en Utah- contaban con la conducción técnica de Luiz Alberto de Oliveira y fueron protagonistas de un tiempo irrepetible, de una cosecha de marcas y títulos que colocó a Brasil en el primer nivel mundial del mediofondo. Aún hoy, la serie de Cruz y sus compañeros resulta inaccesible, sobre todo en los 800 metros llanos. El heredero de aquel equipo fue Hudson Santos de Souza, cuya serie de marcas a principios de este siglo resultó importante, aunque a nivel mundial no alcanzó la misma dimensión de resultados. Hudson, al igual que Joaquim, provenía del Distrito Federal y se destacó desde juvenil. En 2005 logró el récord sudamericano de los 1.500 con 3m.33s25 en Rieti y también el de la milla, con 3m51s.05 en el Bislett Stadium de Oslo, en una prueba en la que terminó 8° y donde se establecieron ocho de las 9 mejores marcas mundiales de la temporada. Esos récords, hasta hoy, permanecen imbatibles en nuestra región y sólo recientemente pudo acercarse otro brasileño, Thiago do Rosario André, ahora bajo la conducción técnica del polaco Lewandowski. Hudson cerró su campaña atlética con un valioso saldo, logrando 7 de las diez mejores marcas hasta el momento en el historial sudamericano de los 1.500 (todas por debajo de 3m.35s.) y corriendo la milla en 13 oportunidades en menos de 4 minutos. Evolución del récord sudamericano 4m.28s.2 Serafín Dengra (ARG) el 10.11.29 en Buenos Aires 4m.24s.2 Leopoldo Ledesma (ARG) el 18.2.34 en Buenos Aires 4m.22s.6 Juan Carballeira (ARG) el 24.2.34 en Buenos Aires 4m.20s.3 Roger Ceballos (ARG) 1938 en Buenos Aires 4m.20s.2 Isidoro Ferrere (ARG) 1941 en Buenos Aires 4m.15s.8 Guillermo García Huidobro (CHI) 1941 4m.11s.0 Ramón Sandoval (CHI) el 29.3.58 en Austin 4m.09s.7 Ramón Sandoval (CHI) el 2.4.58 en Houston (4m.06s.0 Rayfield Beaton GUY el 3.5.75 en Westwood) 4m.02s.45 Omar Ortega (ARG) el 21.4.84 en Boise 3m.53s.00 Joaquim Cruz (BRA) el 13.5.84 en Los Angeles 3m.52s.97 Hudson Santos de Souza (BRA) el 12.7.02 en Roma 3m.51s.05 Hudson Santos de Souza (BRA) el 29.7.05 en Oslo El top 10 Sudamericano 3m.51s.05 Hudson Santos de Souza (BRA) el 29.7.05 en Oslo 3m.51s.99 Thiago do Rosario André (BRA) el 27.5.17 en Eugene 3m.53s.00 Joaquim Carvalho Cruz (BRA) el 13.5.84 en Los Angeles 3m.53s.21 David Torrence (PER) el 1.6.17 en Concord 3m.53s.30 Edgar Martins de Oliveira (BRA) el 26.5.96 en Eugene 3m.58s.2 Wander do Prado Moura (BRA) el 15.4.95 en Walnut 3m.59s.27 Federico Bruno (ARG) el 31.3.21 en Concordia 4m.00s.90 Daniel Bernardo das Neves (BRA) el 5.6.93 en Eugene 4m.02s.45 Omar Ortega (ARG) el 21.4.84 en Boyse 4m.02s.70 Luiz José Goncalves (BRA) el 26.3.90 en Manaus EL APORTE ARGENTINO Según la documentación que nos legara Augusto Dóminis (A Sus Marcas), el primer registro de la Milla oficializado en nuestro país fue de 4m.42s.0, logrado en 1920 por Miguel Angel Entrecasa en Rosario. Ese año, la Argentina hizo su aparición en los Campeonatos Sudamericanos, en la pista de Ñuñoa (Santiago de Chile) y allí Entrecasa fue el vencedor sobre 1.500 llanos con 4m.23s.2, marca que se homologó como récord para la distancia. Cinco años más tarde, el tope nacional de la milla pasó a Oscar Alonso con 4m.38s.0, otro atleta que tenía sus preferencias en distancias mayores ya que escoltó nada menos que a José Ribas y al campeón olímpico Juan Carlos Zabala sobre 3.000 metros en los Nacionales del 28 y 29 respectivamente. Finalmente alcanzó un título argentino en 1932 en los 1.500 con 4m.12s.8. La milla reapareció entre nosotros en el período ya mencionado a nivel sudamericano, que va desde Dengra hasta Ferrere. Y el 7 de mayo de 1944, en medio de la ola de récord” que acaparó el gran entrerriano Juan Raúl Ibarra en casi todas las distancias de mediofondo y fondo –incluyendo la marca mundial de una hora- también tuvo su incursion por la milla con 4m19s5, que Oscar Gahuarou mejoró en dos décimas al inicirse la temporada siguiente. Exactamente un año más tarde, Ricardo Bralo estableció 4m.18s0 en la milla, confirmando un espléndido momento ya que venía de lograr la medalla de oro de 5.000 y la de plata de 10.000 en los Juegos Panamericanos inaugurales, en el estadio de River. Osvaldo Suárez fue uno de los más notables fondistas del historial nacional y sudamericano. Su colección de récords abarcó todas las distancias de pista y ruta, desde los 1.500 metros hasta el maratón, y sus títulos internacionales, igualmente excepcionales. Y esaserie se inició justamente con la milla, ya que Osvaldo, pocos días antes de cumplir 19 años, corrió la distancia en 4m.16s.3 el 8 de marzo de 1953. Fue su trampolín hacia una excelente temporada que incluyó su victoria sobre 5.000 en el Sudamericano Extra de Santiago al mes siguiente (venció a héroes del fondo como Ibarra y el chileno Inostroza), también un récord sobre 2.000 metros llanos y el doblete 5.000-10.000 en el match ante la selección de Italia en la pista de GEBA. Allí venció al conocido, aguerrido (y bajito) fondista visitante, Giáccomo Peppicelli, y la marca de 31m.38s.8 representó un récord mundial junior, aunque en esa época todavía no se difundían esas tablas. El gran mediofondista argentino de la década del 50, Eduardo Balducci, mejoró el tope de Suárez en la milla al marcar 4m.15s.6 en Villa Domínico durante el otoño de 1960, cuando buscaba su clasificación a los Juegos Olímpicos de Roma, algo que finalmente le negaron. La lista continuó mucho después con dos mediofondistas que surgieron con sus bríos juveniles en nuestras pistas y terminaron sus campañas en Estados Unidos. Pedro Angel Cáceres, proveniente de Azul, se especializaba en los 800 llanos: fue el primer argentino en bajar de 1m.50s. y llevó el tope a 1m.48s.5 Read the full article

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