#Kodak High Concentration Developer

[johnnymartyr]

ADOX HC110, FPP-110 & Why You Might Want To Use An Alternative to Kodak HC110

by Johnny Martyr After more than half a century of providing the film community with a cheap, long-lasting, easy-to-use and beautiful b&w film developer, Kodak have encountered some issues with HC110 over the last few years that have left me rethinking my use of this iconic product. Table of Contents The 2019 Reformulation Sino (Broken) Promise Up and Up and Up Ilford Ilfotec HC LEGACYPRO…

[robertreich]

When Bosses Shared the Profits

After the bruising crises we’re now going through, it would be wonderful if we could somehow emerge a fairer nation. One possibility is to revive an old idea: sharing the profits.

The original idea for businesses to share profits with workers emerged from the tumultuous period when America shifted from farm to factory. In December 1916, the Bureau of Labor Statistics issued a report on profit-sharing, suggesting it as a way to reduce the “frequent and often violent disputes” between employers and workers, thereby “fostering the development of a larger spirit of harmony and cooperation, and resulting, incidentally, in greater efficiency and larger gains.”

That same year, Sears, Roebuck and Co., one of America’s largest corporations, with 30,000 to 40,000 employees, announced a major experiment in profit-sharing. The company would contribute 5 percent of net earnings, without deduction of dividends to shareholders, into a profit-sharing fund. (Eventually the company earmarked 10 percent of pretax earnings for the plan.) Employees who wished to participate would contribute 5 percent of their salaries. All would be invested in shares of Sears stock. The plan’s purpose, according to The New York Times, was to “to engender loyalty and harmony between employer and employee.” In reviewing its first three years, The Times noted that 92 percent of Sears’s employees had joined up and that “the participating employee not only found an ever-increasing sum of money to his credit, but eventually discovered he was a shareholder in the corporation, with a steadily growing amount of stock to his name.”

Sears’s plan was admirably egalitarian. Distributions of shares were based on years of service, not rank, and the longest-serving workers received nearly $3 for every dollar they contributed. By the 1950s, Sears workers owned a quarter of the company. By 1968, the typical Sears salesman could retire with a nest egg worth well over $1 million in today’s dollars. Other companies that joined the profit-sharing movement included Procter & Gamble, Pillsbury, Kodak, S.C. Johnson, Hallmark Cards and U.S. Steel — some because it seemed morally right, others because it seemed a means to higher productivity.

Profit-sharing did give workers an incentive to be more productive. It also reduced the need for layoffs during recessions, because payroll costs dropped as profits did. But it subjected workers to the risk that when profits were down, their paychecks would shrink. And if a company went bankrupt, they’d lose all their investments in it. (Sears phased out its profit-sharing plan in the 1970s and filed for bankruptcy protection in 2018.) The best profit-sharing plans came in the form of cash bonuses that employees could invest however they wished, on top of predictable base wages.

Profit-sharing fit perfectly with the evolution of the American corporation. By the 1950s, most employees of large companies had spent their entire working lives with the company. Companies and their employees were rooted in the same communities. C.E.O.s typically worked their way up, and once at the top rarely earned more than 20 times the average wage of their employees (now they’re often paid more than 300 times more). Over a third of private-sector workers were unionized. In 1958 the United Auto Workers demanded that the nation’s automakers share their profits with their workers.

Some remnants of profit-sharing remain today. Both Steelcase Inc., an office-furniture maker in Grand Rapids, Mich., and the Lincoln Electric Company, a Cleveland-based manufacturer of welding equipment, tie major portions of annual wages to profits. Publix Super Markets, which operates in the Southeast, and W.L. Gore, the maker of Gore-Tex, are owned by employee stock ownership plans. America still harbors small worker cooperatives owned and operated by their employees, such as the Cheese Board Collective in my hometown Berkeley, Calif.

But since the 1980s, profit-sharing has almost disappeared from large corporations. That’s largely because of a change in the American corporation that began with a wave of hostile takeovers and corporate restructurings in the 1980s. Raiders like Carl Icahn, Ivan Boesky and Michael Milken targeted companies they thought could deliver higher returns if their costs were cut. Since payrolls were the highest cost, raiders set about firing workers, cutting pay, automating as many jobs as possible, fighting unions, moving jobs to states with lower labor costs and outsourcing jobs abroad. To prevent being taken over, C.E.O.s began doing the same.

This marked the end of most profit-sharing with workers. Paradoxically, it was the beginning of profit-sharing with top executives and “talent.” Big Wall Street banks, hedge funds and private-equity funds began doling out bonuses, stock and stock options to lure and keep the people they wanted. They were soon followed by high-tech companies, movie studios and start-ups of all kinds.

Even before tens of millions of Americans lost their jobs and incomes in the current pandemic, the pay of the typical worker had barely risen since the mid-1970s, adjusted for inflation. Meanwhile, ever-greater wealth continues to concentrate at the very top.

Since 2000, the portion of total national income going to American workers has dropped farther than in other rich nations. A steadily larger portion has gone into corporate profits, which have been reflected in higher share prices. But a buoyant stock market doesn’t help most Americans. The richest 1 percent now own half the value of all shares of stock; the richest 10 percent, 92 percent.

Those higher share prices have come out of the pockets of workers. Daniel Greenwald at M.I.T.’s Sloan School of Management, Martin Lettau at the University of California’s Haas School of Business and Sydney Ludvigson at N.Y.U. found that from 1952 to 1988, economic growth accounted for all the rise in stock values, but from 1989 to 2017, growth accounted for just 24 percent. Most came from “reallocated rents to shareholders and away from labor compensation” — that is, from workers.

Jeff Bezos, who now owns 11.1 percent of Amazon’s shares of stock, is worth $165 billion overall. Other top Amazon executives hold hundreds of millions of dollars of Amazon shares. But most of Amazon’s employees, including warehouse workers, don’t share in the same bounty.

If Amazon’s 840,000 employees owned the same proportion of their employer’s stock as Sears workers did in the 1950s — a quarter of the company — each would now own shares worth an average of about $386,904.

There are many ways to encourage profit-sharing. During this pandemic, for example, Congress should prohibit the Treasury or the Federal Reserve from bailing out any corporation that doesn’t share its profits with its employees.

It’s impossible to predict what kind of America will emerge from the crises we’re now experiencing, but the four-decade trend toward higher profits and lower wages is unsustainable, economically and politically. Sharing the profits with all workers is a logical and necessary first step to making capitalism work for the many, not the few.

[injectionmouldmaker2-blog]

Plastic-type material Injection Molding: Past, Found and Future

Injection Mould Maker Plastic shot molding is a course of action in which forces liquid plastic-type material right into a mold to help make custom cheap name dishes, plaques, indicators and merchandise branding aspects. Once the actual plastic cools as well as confirms, it releases in the mildew to form a assortment of plastic material parts with regard to any industry. Famous utilizes of injection-molded incorporate: machine name plates, brand china for industrial gear, auto emblems, vehicle printing and also license plate slots, while well as product identity regarding recreational products.

Injection Mould Maker

Injection-molded plastic-type name plates along with other ingredients are created by a device this consists of three standard components:

A mold that can be created to make any size and appearance that is certainly needed A clamping device that clamps in addition to contains the mold jointly over the whole process A injection product will after that inject molten plastic-type material in to the mold, where it can remain until it possesses enough cooled and published

The actual molten plastic utilized for injection-molded products is usually produced by burning smaller plastic pellets, that happen to be raised on into an injection equipment heating the pellets to your molten or liquid application form.

Once the now smelted cheap pellets reach some sort of established temperature the partially liquefied is forcefully shot in to a mold. The rate and stress of this particular process is managed by simply a hydraulic cylinder which, once engaged, forces the particular liquid plastic into typically the form.

In "dwell" cycle from the plastic injection creating practice, the plastic is definitely left within the mold for you to ensure that it absolutely fills the mold then allowed to cool to help the point where this solidifies and the ideal thing is produced. The idea is and then ready intended for secondary processes seeing that decor, sub assembly, or even transport.

The injection-molded plastic material procedure allows manufacturers to generate customized plastic name discs as well as components that would become very costly to make because intricately by making use of traditional machining methods. Injection-molded plastics likewise saves money, time and attention by letting many components of the exact same component to be built concurrently, from the very same mold; every single copy equivalent to the a single ahead of it. This process in addition reduces labor costs by means of minimizing the need to get manual labor via personnel. There is also close to zero wasted material, since any rarely used or still left over plastic could be re-cycled to be reused in the operation

The History of Cheap Treatment Molding

Plastic injections creating originated with chemists throughout Europe and The particular United States have been trial and error with plastics. Originally ?t had been done by hand and also pushed into a shape using Parkesine but that proved to be as well delicate and flammable. Ruben Wesley Hyatt is often the official developer of plastic-type injection creating and the actual process has a prosperous history with brilliant heads.

John Wesley Hyatt was obviously a creative inventor and created the processing of celluloid plastics. This was a amazing action for a new young printer by The state of illinois who took about the difficult task from the New You are able to Pool Company to exchange the cream color that had been used in billiard projectiles.

So began his occupation in plastics engineering while he and his buddy Isaiah started making a number of mixtures with regard to checkers along with other objects. As time passes hoping various mixtures, Bob merged nitrocellulose, camphor in addition to alcohol consumption together. He hard pressed all these ingredients into a rounded steel mold that has been hot and allowed the idea in order to cool. When the particular material ended up being removed through the mold, they understood that he had effectively develop a billiard ball consisting of plastic-type material. Thus started the process of cheap injection molding.

John spectacular brother Isaiah patented this procedure of producing celluloid with 1870 and continued through making dentier from their own new material which usually swapped out dentures made of silicone. Thus began the production process of celluloid jackets. Steve was quite similar to the Kc Vinci associated with industrial invention since he / she also was traced using the invention of typically the regular sewing machine and spinning bearings all of which often contributed heavily to be able to producing.

Today, Celluloid as well as Cellulosic plastics can be identified virtually anywhere including electric screwdriver holders, tooth brushes and also items. Celluloid can end up being found in Hollywood, Florida today and is applied for creation of your own personal favorite films.

To advance often the processes of plastic treatment molding another great designer arrived to plastics actively within New york city after traveling coming from Rome on a fellowship. Leo Hendrick Baekeland commenced working with polymers along with this lead to the technology for Kodak Eastman which has been Velox. Velox is actually a final paper which will could be produced inside gaslight instead of sun rays.

As a chemist this individual made many developments throughout this field additionally planning on to investigate precisely how polymers were molecularly set up. All these investigations lead also many pioneering technological advances and developments beyond precisely what chemists possessed discovered so far about films and glues.

In 1926 Eckert in addition to Ziegler designed the parts molding unit in Philippines which seemed to be the first successful appliance used in manufacturing materials. This kind of brought injection plastic material creating on the generation line efficiently.

Many much more creative inventors attended by way of the process of plastic-type hypodermic injection molding in historical past and it has break through an even finer method regarding production in modern-day products for instance appliances as well as name system, signs and also plaques.

Typically the Injection Plastic material Molding Course of action Today

Modern-day version in the plastic shot molding machines are computer manipulated and plastic-type material raw materials is inserted into stainlesss steel and metal molds for you to produce the custom made cheap name plates, plastic material factors and many of the actual plastic-type products we utilize daily. The molding products injects hot plastic directly into the fungal and relax the plastic along with concentrated amounts the parts. Often the creating equipment of today helps make mass production of plastic-type material components easy and charge effective.

Right now, plastic injections molding suppliers use top to bottom and plan presses, treatment screw squeezes, electric pushes and hydraulic presses intended for whatever pace of strain is needed to finish the product pressure to help form. This procedure produces every little thing from car parts in order to license plates and possibly toothbrush.

The Future regarding Plastic Injection Creating Tools

Plastic injection creating will be a very innovative course of action containing created many valuable merchandise that we make use of every single day in your households. While the background involving plastic injection creating is pretty full of ingenuity and advancement, the foreseeable future is filled with perhaps greater likelihood as a lot more creative intellects add brand-new ways to improve cheap injection molding equipment in addition to process.

While the changes inside the plastic injection machines proceed, the future connected with injection molding is actually transforming its attention to the particular molds and mold elements. High tech plastic conforms may be made of material, epoxy or perhaps carbon soluble fiber and can increase end result through faster cooling instances and cycle times.

Introduced of 3D printing presents us a glimpse showing how far plastic injection creating can travel into typically the future. THREE DIMENSIONAL printing is usually a process of building a three-dimensional solid object associated with virtually any shape via a a digital model. Using the integration regarding 3D IMAGES printing in the plastic material injection molding process, models and samples can always be developed with far a lesser amount of expense.

A number of innovative thoughts have actually been doing work with corn seed starting makers to replace traditional oil based plastic into ingrown toenail starch based plastic. m Biodegradable material is at present getting used on a constrained scale in addition to many makes use of this material could possibly rapidly have that would impress the mind. All the item would acquire would possibly be the mold and often the substance to produce the new wave for the future to get plastics engineering. Researcher are generally still researching polymers how they did when plastic hypodermic injection molding began and their particular studies unbelievable at this specific point with many alternatives to come.

[laraaitkennqa]

Victorian Portrait Research

Processes Used:

The Daguerreotype

In the mid 1820s Daguerre and Niépce were in partnership and refined the process of using a coating of bitumen of judea. The bitumen was hardened where it was exposed to light and the softened portion was removed from the solvent. The exposure of this lasted for hours and sometimes days. After Niépce passed in 1833, Daguerre concentrated his attention on the light-sensitive properties of silver salts, which were previously demonstrated by Johann Heinrich Schultz and others.

Daguerre then created the Daguerreotype by exposing a thin silver- plated copper sheet to the vapour given off by iodine crystals, producing a coating of light-sensitive silver iodine on the surface. The plate was then exposed in the camera. Initially, this process had a very long exposure to produce the image. However, Daguerre made the crucial discovery that an invisibly faint “latent” image created by a much shorter exposure could be chemically developed into a visible image.

The Calotype/Talbotype

This process was created by William Henry Fox Talbot in 1835 using paper sensitised with silver chloride, which darkens in proportion to its exposure to light. This early “photogenic drawing” process was a printing-out process. Meaning, the paper had to be exposed in the camera until the image was fully visible. A very long exposure (typically an hour or more) was required to produce an acceptable negative.

In late 1840, Talbot worked out a very different developing-out process (a concept pioneered by the daguerreotype process introduced in 1839), in which only an extremely faint or completely invisible latent image had to be produced in the camera, which could be done in a minute or two if the subject was in bright sunlight. The paper, shielded from further exposure to daylight, was then removed from the camera and the latent image was chemically developed into a visible image. This major improvement was introduced to the public as the calotype or talbotype process in 1841.

The Wet Collodion

Wet-collodion process, also called collodion process, early photographic technique invented by Englishman Frederick Scott Archer in 1851. The process involved adding a soluble iodide to a solution of collodion (cellulose nitrate) and coating a glass plate with the mixture. In the darkroom the plate was immersed in a solution of silver nitrate to form silver iodide. The plate, still wet, was exposed in the camera. It was then developed by pouring a solution of pyrogallic acid over it and was fixed with a strong solution of sodium thiosulfate, for which potassium cyanide was later substituted. Immediate developing and fixing were necessary because, after the collodion film had dried, it became waterproof and the reagent solutions could not penetrate it. The process was valued for the level of detail and clarity it allowed. A modification of the process, in which an underexposed negative was backed with black paper or velvet to form what was called an ambrotype.

The Tintype/Ferrotype/Melainotype

There are two historic tintype processes: wet and dry. In the wet process, a collodion emulsion containing suspended silver halide crystals had to be formed on the plate just before it was exposed in the camera while still wet. Chemical treatment then reduced the crystals to microscopic particles of metallic silver in proportion to the intensity and duration of their exposure to light, resulting in a visible image. The later and more convenient dry process was similar but used a gelatin emulsion which could be applied to the plate long before use and exposed in the camera dry.

In both processes, a very underexposed negative image was produced in the emulsion. Its densest areas, corresponding to the lightest parts of the subject, appeared gray by reflected light. The areas with the least amount of silver, corresponding to the darkest areas of the subject, were essentially transparent and appeared black when seen against the dark background provided by the lacquer. The image as a whole therefore appeared to be a dull-toned positive. This ability to employ underexposed images allowed shorter exposure times to be used, a great advantage in portraiture.

To obtain as light-toned an image as possible, potassium cyanide was normally employed as the photographic fixer. It was perhaps the most acutely hazardous of all the several highly toxic chemicals originally used in this and many other early photographic processes.

The Kodak

The original Kodak camera, introduced by George Eastman, placed the power of photography in the hands of anyone who could press a button. Unlike earlier cameras that used a glass-plate negative for each exposure, the Kodak came preloaded with a 100-exposure roll of flexible film. After finishing the roll, the consumer sent the camera back to the factory to have the prints made. In capturing everyday moments and memories, the Kodak's distinctive circular snapshots defined a new style of photography--informal, personal, and fun.

How the Portraits were lit:

Windows as a source of light for portraits have been used for decades before artificial sources of light were discovered. According to Arthur Hammond, amateur and professional photographers need only two things to light a portrait: a window and a reflector. Although window light limits options in portrait photography compared to artificial lights it gives ample room for experimentation for amateur photographers. A white reflector placed to reflect light into the darker side of the subject's face, will even the contrast. Shutter speeds may be slower than normal, requiring the use of a tripod, but the lighting will be beautifully soft and rich.

The best time to take window light portrait is considered to be early hours of the day and late hours of afternoon when light is more intense on the window. Curtains, reflectors, and intensity reducing shields are used to give soft light. While mirrors and glasses can be used for high key lighting. At times colored glasses, filters and reflecting objects can be used to give the portrait desired color effects. The composition of shadows and soft light gives window light portraits a distinct effect different from portraits made from artificial lights.

While using window light, the positioning of the camera can be changed to give the desired effects. Such as positioning the camera behind the subject can produce a silhouette of the individual while being adjacent to the subject give a combination of shadows and soft light. And facing the subject from the same point of light source will produce high key effects with least shadows.

Settings of the Cameras:

The exposure times were very long at the time. For some photographs it could take up to several days to take a photograph. However for portrait photography the exposure time would be between 30 seconds to 5 minutes (sometimes even longer).

How the Subjects Looked:

The main reason for the subjects of photos to not smile was because of the exposure times. It was important for the subject to stay perfectly still so there was no motion blur.

Early photography was also heavily influenced by paintings, which also meant no smiling as it was a very serious moment.

Another reason for none of the subjects to be smiling is because they weren’t alive at the time the photograph was taken. In Victorian times, it was believed photographs were a passage to immortality and therefore they would take a photo of the recently deceased person as a way to preserve the living for future generations.

The clothes victorian people wore mainly depended on their social status. Wealthy Victorians wanted to be fashionable and some spent a lot of time and money on their clothes. The fabric of their clothes would be expensive like silk and satin. The poor however, weren’t able to spend much on their clothes and therefore they had to choose practical and warm clothing. They also wouldn’t have much to select for clothing.

The subjects were also very poised and this was because some of the subjects were clamped in place so they couldn’t move whilst the photo was being taken.

[straitsresearchreports]

Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth; Future Demand, Industry Trends to 2029

Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth: Introduction

The Global Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth has seen continuous development in the past couple of years and is anticipated to grow much further during 2020-2026. The exploration introduces a total evaluation of the Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth and contains Future patterns, Current Growth Factors, mindful sentiments, certainties, chronicled information, and factually bolstered and industry-approved market information.

Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth is anticipated to touch a CAGR of % During the Forecast Period (2029).

Competitive Analysis

The report contains an in-depth analysis of the vendor's profile, including financial health, business units, key business priorities, SWOT, strategies, and views. 

Fujifilm (Japan), AGFA (Belgium), Kodak (The U.S.), Lucky Huaguang (Belgium), Strong State (China), Huafeng (China), Bocica (China), Presstek (The U.S.), Ronsein (China), Xingraphics (China), Toray Waterless (The Netherlands), Maxma Printing (Taiwan), Dongfang (China), FOP Group(Singapore),  

The vendors have been identified based on the portfolio, geographical presence, marketing & distribution channels, revenue generation, and significant R&D investments.

Request Sample Report of Global Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis @ https://straitsresearch.com/report/digital-offset-printing-plate-market/request-sample

Vendors across different verticals are planning for high investments in this market, and as a result, the market is expected to grow at an impressive rate in the upcoming years. The key players are adopting various organic and inorganic growth strategies such as mergers & acquisitions, collaboration & partnerships, joint ventures, and a few other strategies to be in a strong position in the global market.

Market Segmentation Analysis

The report provides a wide-ranging evaluation of the market, providing in-depth qualitative insights, historical data, and supportable projections along with the assumptions about the Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis size. The projections featured in the report have been derived using proven research methodologies and assumptions based on the vendor's portfolio, blogs, white papers, and vendor presentations. Thus, the research report represents every side of the Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis and is segmented on the basis of regional markets, offerings, applications, and end-users.

By Type UV Coating Thermal Violet

By Application Books/Magazines Newspaper Packaging Others

Regional Analysis

North America held the largest Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis share in 2018 and is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period. The market will experience a steep rise in the following regions covered- North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa.

Benefits

Digital Offset Printing Plate Industry companies to ensure business continuity with powerful protection by constantly checking the report and representing attractive growth opportunities for the companies. Digital Offset Printing Plate handles all the needs of the operators by allowing them to improve their services and concentrate on their core business. Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis Research aims to increase business agility and reduce operational and capital expenditure with improved technology rollouts and capacity planning. The report discusses service types and regions related to this Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis. Further, the report provides details about the major challenges affecting the market growth.

Buy Now: https://straitsresearch.com/buy-now/digital-offset-printing-plate-market/

Other features of the report:

Provides a thorough analysis of the key strategies with a focus on the corporate structure, R&D methods, localization strategies, production capabilities, sales, and performance in various companies. 

Provides valuable insights into the product portfolio, including product planning, development, and positioning. 

Analyses the role of key Digital Offset Printing Plate Market Growth Analysis players and their partnerships along with mergers and acquisitions. 

Thanks for reading this article; you can also get individual chapter-wise sections or region-wise report versions like North America, Europe, or Asia.

About Us:

StraitsResearch.com is a leading research and intelligence organization, specializing in research, analytics, and advisory services along with providing business insights & research reports.

Contact Us: Email: sales@straitsresearch.com Address: 825 3rd Avenue, New York, NY, USA, 10022 Tel: +1 6464807505, +44 203 318 2846

[sailorrrvenus]

A Closer Look at Tetenal, A Photo Firm That’s Too Important to Fail

When the news broke on January 29th, 2019, that the restructuring of Tetenal had apparently failed, a shockwave rolled over the analog community. Suddenly, supply for basic photochemistry of all sorts seemed uncertain.

But not all is lost, and it’s not only analog photography that is affected by Tetenal’s demise. Here’s an in-depth look into the oldest active company in the photographic industry…

Historic view of the Tetenal Research Laboratory. Image courtesy: Tetenal

Tetenal does not only produce photochemicals but is also deeply invested in digital inkjet printing. For example, it manufactures most Epson inks and a lot of digital inkjet papers for the European market. Plainly put, Tetenal is an integral part of digital and analog photography industries alike. Too big, and too important, to fail.

Without Tetenal’s chemistry branch, a lot of photographers, photofinishers, labs, printing companies and even the once so mighty Kodak itself might be left out in the rain, as Tetenal reportedly produces not only chemistry for EU distribution under license from Kodak but directly produces source chemicals for Kodak’s U.S. manufacturing.

Although Kodak is believed to have two dormant chemistry production plants in Europe, the loss of Tetenal will most likely be more than a mere glitch in the supply chain. Even Hollywood might be affected: the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences requires a physical copy of all entrants to the Academy Awards: A physical copy, exposed onto film, developed in ECN-2 chemistry, mostly produced by Tetenal.

Also, to give another example, the Kodak Motion Picture Lab in London is dependent on a supply of Tetenal made chemistry to be able to process motion-picture and separation films.

Another immediate effect of Tetenal’s demise might be a supply glitch for RA-4 paper chemistry that many labs, finishers, and printing companies rely on. One might assume, that this was not exactly a big issue for the modern — digital — photo industry, but unfortunately, this is a misconception. With a gigantic number of digital photos taken every minute, every hour, every day, only a fraction of these images are printed and conserved. But nonetheless, this fraction of printed images is large and most likely surpasses the number of photographs printed during the peak of film photography in the early noughties.

Most of these images are, however, not “printed” in a sense of inkjet printing but are rather digitally exposed onto silver halide photographic paper, because compared to inkjet printing, actual photographic paper offers better quality for a significantly better price at a higher volume in significantly less production time. The thing is, this paper needs chemicals to develop it, to fix it, to bleach it. Chemicals that are at large produced by Tetenal.

That is why, among other reasons, a group of Tetenal employees has launched an effort to buy the company. This so-called management buyout might very well bear a realistic chance to save the company as the 2005 management buyout of ILFORD has shown in the past.

According to PHOTOKLASSIK International‘s editor in chief, Marwan Mozayen, who is a part of the current restructuring effort to save Tetenal’s chemistry branch, there is a very realistic hope to save Tetenal, or to be more precise, Tetenal’s chemistry branch, because as opposed to a common understanding, the photochemistry branch is actually the profitable one. The inkjet, ink-production and inkjet paper branch are what brought Tetenal into financial misfortune, according to senior Tetenal staff.

Tetenal inkjet paper. Image courtesy: Tetenal.

From an economic viewpoint, products for the digital photography market like inkjet papers or inks are not profitable for Tetenal and never have been. At first, this might sound quite counterintuitive, since digital is a massive market compared to a nowadays relatively small, slow-paced but stable analog market. However, one must not forget that the extremely fast pace of the digital market and industrial plagiarism play a substantial role in product profitability, especially if the product requires a substantial effort and investment in research and development. This is the case with the inkjet printing lineup Tetenal offered.

For example, the company designed and produced one of the best ink cartridges ever (at least Epson says so). They conducted significant research on printing inks in general and developed some of the most permanent inks on the market. If you claim that inkjet printing is great because of advances in permanence, vividness of color, or perception of color, then your claim is most likely based on innovations made in Norderstedt, and made by Tetenal.

1930s Tetenal advertisement: “Tetenal – the leading photo brand”. Image courtesy: Tetenal

So, if these Tetenal inks and cartridges are so great they sure must sell accordingly, you might say. In theory only, unfortunately. With companies in Asia being able and impudent enough to effectively copy these advancements and sell their products at a considerably lower price because no expensive R&D is involved, the margin of profit for Tetenal was too small to be sustainable. Combined with the reality that a large portion of end consumers tend to buy the cheapest product, the question of profitability is easily answered.

The company is the biggest photochemical OEM manufacturer today and most likely the largest there ever was. Even in the heyday of chemical photography, Tetenal produced chemistry for Agfa, Kodak and Ilford. Today, a hundred percent of Ilford’s and approximately 30% of Kodak’s photochemistry are produced by Tetenal, says Mozayen according to his industry contacts..

The company even reformulated and improved Kodak’s last E-6 chemistry lineup before its discontinuation. Tetenal is not only a manufacturer of chemistry, but it is also a motor of innovation and research. The 3-bath E-6 process, invented by Tetenal, for example, is a driving force behind the resurgence of color slide film in the wake of Kodak’s release of the new Ektachrome 100, because it enables small labs or photographers at home to maintain a cheap, low-volume and most importantly high-quality E-6 process.

With a rising number of small photo labs and a grassroots analog photography community growing steadily, such a simplified and yet uncompromising process is of paramount importance. That is the reason why these kinds of photochemistry are profitable and in high demand: Large labs who can run a full replenished 6-bath E6 line with continuous process control like the Kodak Q-Labs of back in the day are not financially sustainable today because of low volume.

To give a small example: a typical replenished high volume E6 line requires a few hundred liters of chemistry to keep the machine running, regardless of how many films need to be processed. A small processor like a Jobo ATL, CPP3 or comparable machines only needs a fraction of that amount of chemistry – as low as 250 milliliters per 36-exposure film. Welcome to the magic of scale.

The problem is, however, that these low volume machines that are sufficient for the current demand and thus can operate in a very profitable zone require an available 3 bath reversal process, that thus far is only offered by Tetenal. That means that a total loss of Tetenal might very well bring a quick end to Kodak’s efforts to bring back slide films like Ektachrome 100 and maintain their production.

Although there are alternative manufacturers like Bellini or Unicolor, none of these companies can fill the gap Tetenal would leave. First, Tetenal’s chemistry surpasses every other brand except perhaps Fuji in terms of storage and shelf life. Bellini’s color chemistry concentrate is only good for about 3-4 months in storage. For reference, that is about the time a working solution made from Tetenal chemistry will develop your film or paper.

Second, producing and selling photographic color chemistry inside the EU requires a so-called R.E.A.C.H. certification, which is an unbelievably expensive but necessary license to produce and sell certain chemistry inside the E.U. Reportedly, Tetenal spent about €500,000 (~$574,000) to acquire the license to produce CD3 and CD4 color developers — and apparently they split the bill with Fuji to save money. That is one of the reasons why Unicolor chemistry, for example, is not available in the E.U. No small company or startup could afford such certification and thus Tetenal is the only manufacturer of CD3 and CD4 within the European Union.

Another aspect of Tetenal’s crucial importance to the photographic/cinematographic industry is the fact, that ECN-2 chemistry, which is necessary to properly develop motion picture film, is in some form or another completely dependent on Tetenal. Kodak is dependent on Tetenal as well because at the moment no other company worldwide except Fujifilm can synthesize certain necessary chemicals that are required as pre-products for various photochemical end products, including film manufacture.

According to Mozayen, basically every single company involved in the chemical photo industry depends in some way or another on Tetenal. Kodak’s cash-cow developers XTOL and HC-110 are produced by Tetenal, as well as Rollei’s Digibase C-41 kits, the list could go on and on.

The demand for photographic chemistry is high and stable. Tetenal’s order books are full — to this day. So why in the world is the company bankrupt, then?

The reasons for Tetenal’s financial struggles are manifold. Among others, the research and development of highly sophisticated chemical products are very expensive and to even begin research, let alone production of a product is a considerable financial investment if you put necessary hurdles like R.E.A.C.H. certifications into account. Second, in an OEM / B2B business model, payment periods can get excessively long and if a customer struggles to pay their bills, cash flow might be in jeopardy quite easily. Added to the fact, that in times of almost nonexistent interest rates, banks are more and more hesitant to bridge such financial gaps, insolvency happens faster than one might expect.

Additionally, from a marketing perspective, the OEM focused company slept through the analog revival and did not focus enough on establishing itself as a brand like for example Kodak, Kosmofoto or Lomo did. Tetenal, the oldest company in the history of photography and even older than Kodak, does not even have a Wikipedia entry. Let that settle for a moment.

All the above combined with a partly unprofitable branch of business and some accumulated old liabilities add up to a perfect microeconomic storm.

An example of non-existent marketing: Many don’t know that Tetenal produces a wide array of superb black and white photographic papers. Image courtesy: Marwan Mozayen

But as mentioned before, not all is lost. Hope is on the horizon. Tetenal has one huge advantage over Fuji, Kodak, and Calbe, who could easily produce the necessary chemistry. As mentioned before, the magic word is scale.

According to sources from within Alaris, Kodak neither confirms nor denies that it owns two dormant chemistry bottling plants in Europe that could be reactivated if the need to do so should arise. The problem is, however, that these plants were most likely designed for the huge production runs of yesterday, equipped with gigantic and inflexible machinery. The same can be said about Calbe Chemistry, another German manufacturer of chemistry that has the necessary means and funds to produce photochemicals.

The pressing issue with these non-scalable production chains is that these lines cannot produce chemistry at relatively low quantities at a profitable level.

Tetenal does not have this issue. Their machinery is small and flexible enough to produce even small batches of chemistry and then, when push comes to shove stop production of product A to begin production of product B. To put this into numbers: The minimum quantity of chemistry Tetenal can produce is 10,000 liters, or to put it in even simpler terms, the minimum production quantity is approximately 4,000 2.5-liter E-6 3 bath kits, which is a very reasonable scale.

With the current demand for photochemistry and the fact that Tetenal at the moment probably produces chemistry at its highest pace to satisfy the huge amount of “before it is too late” orders combined with a slowly but steadily increasing market for chemical photography and cinematography, Tetenal is far from lost.

Currently, about 60 employees from production, R&D, quality assurance, and management are concentrating their efforts on buying the company’s chemistry branch. All employees from the non-profitable inkjet branch have reportedly been laid off, which reduces the cost of operations dramatically and makes the effort to buy the struggling company even more feasible.

Another thing that increases the chances of success is the missing interest on possible investors for the very ground the Tetenal factory is built upon because of the simple reason that Tetenal produced chemistry there for over 50 years. A repurposing and thus the necessary decontamination of the grounds would be excessively expensive — a price no one acting even remotely economically could justify.

Photographic developer tablets made by Tetenal in the early noughties. Image courtesy: Tetenal

All in all, Tetenal, or rather NEW Tetenal, has the potential to rise from the ashes of the past. To rise as a strong and flexible company that can easily react to a market that depends on the company’s very existence. After all, Tetenal is, was and will be a hotbed of photochemical innovation and progress. Maybe, hopefully, we will see them at Photokina 2020 presenting reintroduced C-41, E-6 and black and white developer tablets. Indefinitely storable and suitable for worldwide shipping.

If you want to stay informed about the proceedings and status of the Tetenal management buyout, make sure to visit their new website.

This article was made possible only by on-location journalism by Photoklassik Magazine. If you enjoy reading in-depth considerations about analog photography with deep insight into the industry and love to hold a high-quality print magazine in your hands, then make sure to support PHOTOKLASSIK INTERNATIONAL and consider a subscription of the globally available print magazine. Visit this page for more information about it and the subscription options.

About the author: Ludwig Hagelstein is a photographer and college student based in Bamberg, Germany. The opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author. You can find more of Hagelstein’s work on his website and Instagram.

source https://petapixel.com/2019/02/01/a-closer-look-at-tetenal-a-photo-firm-thats-too-important-to-fail/

[manju123]

WI-FI Camera Market is expected to reach USD 40307.82 million by 2027

The latest report published by Profshare Market Research projects that WI-FI Camera Market is expected to show impressive CAGR of 11.7 % between 2019-27. The study covers detail market analysis, growth and forecast of the WI-FI Camera Market. The report includes market analysis on global as well country specific level. Historical data analysis from 2015 to 2019 is very important to forecast market for 2019 to 2027.

The report uses value chain analysis for each of the product segments. Value chain analysis offers in depth information about value addition at each stage of the product development. It is very important for organization to reduce cost of the final product without compromising much on quality. If organization receives correct value chain analysis information then it can ease the product manufacturing process to large extent. Seamless product delivery to consumer has become more important than it ever were, proper value chain analysis exactly delivers the same.

Access sample report @ https://www.profsharemarketresearch.com/inquiry/wi-fi-camera-market-report-inquiry/

Major players in the WI-FI Camera Market are identified through secondary research and their market revenues determined through primary and secondary research. Secondary research included the research of the annual and financial reports of the top manufacturers; whereas, primary research included key opinions of leaders and industry experts. The percentage splits, market shares, growth rate and breakdowns of the product markets are determined through using secondary sources and verified through the primary sources.

Research report includes the extensive use of primary and secondary data sources. Research process focuses on multiple factors affecting the industry such as competitive landscape, government policy, historical data, market current position, WI-FI Camera Market trends, upcoming technologies & innovations as well as risks, rewards, opportunities and challenges. Study used very precise top-down and bottom-up approach in order to validate market revenue, volume, manufacturers, regional analysis, product segments and end users/applications.

Research report provides details analysis on drivers and restraints WI-FI Camera Market along with their impact on demand during the forecast period. The study also provides key market indicators affecting the growth of the market. Research report includes in depth competitive analysis with shares of each player inside market, growth rate and market attractiveness in different end users/regions. Research study on WI-FI Camera Market helps user to make precise decision in order to expand market presence and increase market share.

Regional analysis of WI-FI Camera Market includes North America, Asia Pacific, Europe , Middle East & Africa as major region. These Major regions are further divided into countries like US, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Germany, England, France Italy, Netherlands, Spain, India, China, Singapore, Japan, Malaysia, South Korea & Australia. Regional outlook is one of the most important aspects of research study. Research study delivers clear picture of product market for various regions globally.

Access Full Report @ https://www.profsharemarketresearch.com/wi-fi-camera-market/

Market Segmentation

WI-FI Camera Market Report: Product Type

Home security camera

Digital camera with WI-FI

Car camera

Sports camera

WI-FI Camera Market Report: Application

Home security

Car security

Consumer electronics

Sports enthusiasts

Research report on WI-FI Camera Market includes competitive analysis that provides better insight of the major manufacturers of WI-FI Camera. These major players include:

WI-FI Camera Market: Company Analysis

Canon

Sony

Samsung

Panasonic

Nikon

Gopro

Kodak

Fujifilm

Olympus

Ricoh (PENTAX)

Garmin

TP-Link

HIKVISION

Netgear

D-Link

JADO

Philips

LG

Uniden

Motorola

Summer Infant

Dahua (LeChange)

iON Cameras

TASER International (AXON)

Some of the important aspects of the WI-FI Camera Market study include:

Report heavily focuses on major market aspects such as Volume, Revenue, market share, concentration rate, supply-demand scenario, growth & challenges.

Market growth drivers, trends analysis, future scope, government policies as well as environmental aspects.

Study uses many important analytical techniques to reach highest level of data accuracy. These techniques includes Primary & secondary research, Porters five analysis, SWOT analysis, Qualitative analysis, market sizing.

About Profshare:

Profshare Market Research is a full service market research company that delivers in depth market research globally. We operate within consumer and business to business markets offering both qualitative and quantitative research services. We work for private sector clients, along with public sector and voluntary organizations. Profshare Market Research publishes high quality, in-depth market research studies, to help clients obtain granular level clarity on current business trends and expected future developments. We are committed to our client’s needs, providing custom solutions best fit for strategy development and implementation to extract tangible results.

Contact :

Kalyani D.

Profshare Market Research

sales@profsharemarketresearch.com

[cactusballooon]

Where to Locate College Scholarships of Every Red stripe!

I desire I 'd understood when getting ready for college that getting scholarship money could be nearly as very easy as finding a movie on Friday night. Rather, I ground via five years of permanent school as well as part-time work, providing short shrift to my social life and also being perpetually tired. With a little help through college scholarship money, I may have had a slightly more pleasurable experience. Ways to Certify Taking into consideration that you are a special individual with your own set of toughness as well as weaknesses, with 17 or even more years of life behind you, finding scholarships you qualify for is not actually that difficult. Since college scholarships are supplied on the basis of everything from race to religious beliefs, sports to sociology, and family relationships to farming, there's essentially an university scholarship with your name on it. However no one will certainly come knocking on your door to locate you. The key to getting scholarship loan is researching the scholarships then completing applications for any kind of you remotely get approved for. If you do not apply, there's a possibility the funds will certainly remain in an account, untapped. So you could also attempt! Start Near Home Your search for university scholarship loan starts at house, literally. Your mama or daddy's employer, or the solution or specialist company they participate in may use scholarships to the children of staff members. And inspect with your state to discover just what scholarships they supply to students with particular abilities, passions or experience, or financial need. The Business Path Next is getting in touch with companies in your neighborhood, most of which have established scholarship programs as a method to repay to their employees as well as communities. Your city or state has a financial investment in making certain it has strong, capable, informed residents to create a pool of potential staff members and pleased consumers. WalMart, ExxonMobil, AT&T and Coke are a few of the larger titans that distribute scholarship money. Firms up and down the business landscape are designating much more as well as extra dollars to assisting pupils pay for university, with successful results. They use a range of alternatives for university student, concentrating on everything from teaching fellowship experience to financial demand, diversity to family ties. For starters, seek out these companies: Adobe, Apple, Best Buy, Coke, Ford, General Motors, Intel, JP Morgan Chase, KFC, Kodak, McDonald's, Microsoft, Mercedes Benz, Northrop Grumman, Pepsi, Pfizer, Time Detector, Target, Toyota and also Xerox. Another wonderful alternative is financial institutions, as they give college scholarship loan to hundreds of trainees annually, based upon diverse certifications. Start your search on their websites, or go to the College unsw scholarships 2017 internet site for more suggestions. Some company university scholarships will certainly feature strings attached. You might provide to do a limited summertime internship, or lecture to the firm's employees or your university peers at a later date. Remember that any kind of amount at all-no matter exactly how small-is a welcome enhancement to your university interest-bearing account! Minority Scholarships Are you African American, Hispanic, Native American, Eastern, women, bi-racial, multi-racial, multicultural, gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgendered? If you answered yes to any one of these, you are a minority. Nowadays, virtually everybody's a minority, which indicates you could qualify for assigned college scholarships. Minority scholarships are readily available via every granting entity: states, the federal government, corporations, colleges and charitable companies. Even if you have just one-quarter minority blood, you might be thought about. Below are some college scholarship groups you may match. Sports If you're an established athlete, someone someplace desires to honor you with a scholarship for college. To find out which athletic college scholarships are readily available, examine with national athletic companies that cover certain college degrees of play like NCAA, NAIA and NJCAA. For an appearance at the scholarships used to athletes at all degrees, inspect out the master checklist of sporting activities scholarships for university offered by CollegeScholarships.org. Subject-based Depending on your field of research study, you ought to be able to snag a national and/or regional college scholarships made for students simply like you. Whether you're in the arts as well as liberal arts, design or studying to be in the clergy, there are university scholarships developed for your kind. Miscellaneous If you have an unusual skill or skill, you could want to do a search like "the best ways to obtain scholarships for university if you're a marbles champion," or "locate scholarships for skateboarders." Truly! Phase of Research Whether you're an undergraduate university student or you're in graduate-level studies, there are scholarships to fit your demand. You'll discover university scholarships for students studying abroad, graduate study others, university scholarships for the research study of regulation, organisation, engineering and history, amongst numerous fields. Ph.D. candidates can get aid spending for university costs with a host of scholarships intended directly at their field. To The Point I wish you're getting the point here: as soon as you find out ways to find scholarships, the sky's the limit. Right here are a few more tags that might make you the best prospect for a college scholarship: impaired, Lady Precursor, sorority sis, political animal, left-handed, firemen, homeschooler, vegan and double! This checklist could continue. If you're a senior high school trainee, it's never too early to start constructing your "college nest egg." You still have time to sign up with service clubs, job part-time, and also gain experience that might be relevant to particular scholarship funds, as well as assist you to become much better qualified. Wherever you remain in your secondary school or college career, take some time currently to take a seat and also plot out a strategy to obtain some aid from ready entities who can assist to finance your college education and learning. For even more scholarship suggestions, look into the College Scholarship org web site. They have links to literally hundreds of readily available scholarships as well as millions of dollars in college scholarship loan. It's a well-marked path to getting help with your college expenses. You could likewise check out my favored college preparation internet site, with inquiries and answers galore on everything from preparing for the SAT/ACT to picking an university to getting gives as well as scholarships. The web is College Prep Ask It! and the internet site is listed below.

[wendygfalls]

Is Wearable Technology the Future of Web Development?

Do you know what the biggest web development fad to have captured the fancy of technology folks is? It's the wearable programs. As soon as you look at these figures, you will learn why exactly wearables have been able to rise to technology prominence. According to a report, the wearable technology market is well poised to touch USD 31.27 billion by the year 2020. And remember- 2020 is not that far either. As a result of the immense popularity of these wise devices (such as wrist bands and smart watches), we're set to witness a potential surge in the need for wearable programs in future also. In a couple of years, wearable programs would really be touted as one of the most important forces driving client engagement. A web development firm as such, would have to add wearable programs to their portfolio to be able to drive sales. Here is more about those programs.

Wearable Technology: This is what the future of web development retains

Start off by learning about the kinds of mobile connectivity features and programs which could be built for all these devices. Here's a look:

The preloaded programs which are responsible for linking devices intended to extract and send data from and to other devices The standalone programs which are supported by functionalities of this wearable device itself Cards for static displays Push notifications intended for linking apps Pros have been continuously stressing about the fact that because the display space has gotten even smaller with the wearables (they're even more compact compared to cellular devices), developers should be certain they're tackling discoverability related challenges in a different way than that which they've been doing for mobile devices. However, there isn't any need to lead to major tweaks in plans in this respect. Just introducing a couple of minor tweaks will surely serve the purpose.

At the center of the success of wearable programs, it's thought, will be your attempts to personalize your notifications. Including a slew of telling features such as a buzzing sound, lighting from the display or ping will help your customers recognize notifications readily.

Wearable programs: What exactly do you want to do?

A developer needs to concentrate on the interactivity of the consumer also. And, what exactly do you want to do so as to bolster interactivity of this device? Make certain that you're guarantying features like single swipe, 1 tap reading, etc.. This will make sure that he/she doesn't need to continue tapping his smart device to be able to secure results. Smartness of the wise device guaranteed!

Kindly make sure that you're keeping yourself updated about the latest trends ruling the wearable sector. This will surely help you stay a step forward in the"digital" curve. Do not forget to keep your eye on the general design, compatibility and performance of the wearable programs.

Hopefully, the tips offered here will allow you to design highly functional wearable programs in the future. Do turn to more such articles in a bid to be guided.

How Technology Has Changed the Way We Used to Live Our Lives in Past

People today in their twenties and thirties believe about their youth wistfully because people in the young generation who incidentally, are 5 or maybe Ten years younger than those people may connect, perform, buy and sell, in addition to talk about living events in manners which surprise additionally 20 something.

All of us have heard our mother, father or even grandparent talking about the positive old' times. Stories generally start either combined with"When I was your present age..." or maybe"In my time, all people did not have..." While it seems suitable that octogenarians, in Addition to nonagenarians, tell this kind of tales, nowadays they are not the specific only ages talking thoughts that will begin with,"When I was young..."

Not that many decades back, as technological advancements began snowballing, businesses recognized when they will do not change, they may yield for the fortune of buggy whip makers. For instance, digital camera and film companies recognized that if photography became cost- effective, the requirement for these items might fall, then vanishes. Consider Kodak.

Technology is not carried out changing the real world's landscape. And thus, a little bit of reflection upon a few factors of lifestyle in 2015 which Couldn't really be discovered after 2020:

Each year, the assortment of buyers that spend Black Friday in their PC's instead of in brick-and-mortar stores climbs, gets pleasure from window shopping but there is still an occasion to search for. How technology has changed the way we live is evident from subsequent examples of few elements of life.

• Healthcare office appointments:

Grandparents remember about medical physicians making home phone calls. Will their grand-kids remember physicians' workplace appointments in addition to the same fondness?

• Telephone stalls:

Now around the diminishing in numbers record, these oddities were on each city block. These days we can not find these anymore. Technology has replaced phone booths with smartphones and home-based land lines.

• Manufacturing herbs:

Systems now have replaced people in numerous assembly traces; Artificial intelligence innovations can alter this landscape as machines can fix by itself. Upcoming workers: Take notice. Prepare. On the other hand, a few of individuals stay needed in order to be certain that the machinery works smoothly. 

• Army battlegrounds:

Drones and also robots are simply the starting point. Practically indestructible automatons managed through a high number of km away may replace war fighters. The stakes may modify to anything, this is really hard to tell now that what's coming next?

Are we ready? If cyber security isn't the ideal concern to the country's leaders, armed service, and every individual, we are not really.

The most important thing is real that today's armed service must prepare now to be certain it's techniques and methods do not go the very clear means of the buggy whip although every one of our adversaries takes advantage of precisely how technology has just transformed battlefields. Combat on the internet warned our climbing lifestyle; also it will not be until they risk life.

[wwiilettershome]

Aug. 23, 1943

Dear Emma,

Just a line. Just wrote Bobbie and sent him $100 and a few air mail envelopes. Will enclose map and a letter of his I got tonight.

Went to see “Coney Island” last night it was a very good picture. (1) Don’t know whether you saw it or not. Don’t know as you need to bring that Kodak with you. Guess we can get all the pictures we want with this one unless Henry should want it back.

With Love,

Henry.

---

[Letterhead:] CAMP ROBERTS CALIFORNIA

August 19, 1943

Camp Roberts, Cal.

I

Dear Pop,

I just got your letter dated Aug 16 and I was very glad to hear from you. I think I have already told you that I got both your other letters but if not I’ll repeat it.

My address is

Pvt. Robert Dowst 31373722

Co. A, 1st Platoon, 80 Inf. Trng. Bn,

Camp Roberts, California

I also got my first < (an officer just walked in + somebody yelled “attention” that ruined my (+)) letter from Ma directly. With it a letter from George Johnson,(2) Fred Minolt (3), and one from Carol Whitney. (4) Mail reaches me in a crazy sequence I guess. Ma said in her letter (the 1st one we received) that she had already written me a letter but I haven’t got it yet. If I were to pay my way back east round trip is something like $64 from here. (5) To 

II

Cincinnati wouldn’t be quite as bad. I don’t have to worry about that for some time though because we don’t get a furlough till we finish basic + if we get sent to college we don’t get any. Only if we’re ready to be shipped will we get one.

I’d like some salted nuts O.K. Candy isn’t too good for us because it’s apt to make us sweat more but anything like salted nuts is very good. I’ve already asked Ma for $5 from my money + I’ve also asked her for some clothes hangers, plain white Turkish towels, and my fountain pen so I can’t think of anything else. The only reason I asked her for the money is that we may not get paid till the end of September, and it costs me as much to live here as it does Henry at college. We pay to clean our uniforms because the laundry isn’t available yet (if it were + the money was deducted from our pay it would be easier but it costs 75¢ to clean + press 1 set of suntans.

III

Then is costs 75¢ a week for haircuts and I always like to eat ice cream + cookies at the PX (I can eat + eat + never get full, the reason being I can’t eat between meals at all and I get awful hungry. The 1st month I have 2 months insurance taken out ($6:50 a month (sic)) That’s $13 plus $3.75 for war bonds is about $14 out the first month which will leave about $36. Of course I’ve been in almost a month now + I haven’t signed any payroll + if you don’t sign by the 15th you don’t get paid at the end of the month. If I wait till the end of the September (sic) I’ll get about $80 or at least I ought to then I can send some back. But when I get paid I already have some of it spent for more G.I. socks and underwear. This underwear is much better than those jockey shorts I used to wear, but I’ve only got 2 pairs. I’ve ordered 2 more pair

[End page 3]

IV

Of heavy woolen socks from the Lieutenant but he has to go to the L.M. to get them and lord only knows when he’ll get around to it. Then I also want to have some decent pictures taken. 

Did Ma send you those I had taken in St. Louis? They weren’t very good because I was hot + dirty from the trip. (6) Then after I keep out some for myself I’ll send the rest. One thing we get good + cheap is ice cream. 15¢ for a pint. A pint + a package of those cellophane cookies will fill me up pretty well just before I go to bed. When I go to the movies I limit myself to a package of popcorn. I saw that picture “The Black Swan” by Raphael Sabatini (sic). I think you told me about it once and I couldn’t get to see it so when I saw it was at theater No. 1 I went. (7)

Yesterday we had quite an extensive gas mask drill. We had to be able to put them on in a maximum of 15 sec. Then when we could do that, they made us march + run in them for about a half hour + boy that even almost got my wind. One advantage of them was that the dust didn’t bother at all. I have a gas mask of the very latest type. Some guys got older models. When we leave here we keep them with us. They’re good for 40 hrs in a normal concentration of gas. Later on we’ll use them in the gas chamber. We also have to sniff different gases to be able to recognize them. Today we’ve been learning different combat formations + signals. The whole general idea is not to be in line with anyone or near anyone in all these formations. There are all sorts – 

[End page 5]

- of reasons for these + each formation has its own advantage. I don’t know whether I’m telling you anything I’m not supposed to or not we aren’t supposed to tell hardly anything. They keep drilling this into us. Of course I know you’re O.K. but to the army this is no excuse so if I say anything very “military” or anything why don’t talk about it too much. I know enthusiasm is one of the reasons by which soldiers unwittingly give out information + believe me you can’t help being enthusiastic when you see some of these weapons you just want to tell the whole world about them + how good they are but we can’t. For instance the “Bazooka” you’ve heard of it not doubt we are strictly forbidden to talk to anyone about it. (8) Well I guess I’ll go to the P.X. + get some postcards for Ma. She wanted to see some pictures of the camp. She’ll probably show them to you sometime.

Love,

Bobbie

Footnotes:

(1) Coney Island (1943), was a musical starring Betty Grable, released in June that year.

(2) Found a few George Johnsons in NH, but none seem like the right one, and when I tried to narrow it to Epsom, I found that there was a British George Johnson that isolated Epsom Salts, alas!  (3) No hits :-(  (4) No relevant hits :-( 

(5) $64 in Aug. 1943 is $949.12 now, according to the inflation calculator. That seems excessive, but remember 1) there was a war on so prices would be high due to gas/fuel rationing and trying to limit unnecessary travel 2) this is before deregulation in the 80s so travel itself was a luxury even without war times, and 3) this is even before the development of the interstate highway system. 

(6) No pictures that I’m aware of, but still a few boxes of photos to get through let alone the letters I’m transcribing

(7) The Black Swan (1942) is a colorful, action-packed pirate movie based on the novel by Rafael Sabatini. My dad and I watched it together about a year ago on the TCM channel. – Steven

(8) The M1 hand-held rocket grenade launcher was invented in 1942 by US Lieutenant Edward Uhl. The term “Bazooka” was given to it as a humorous comparison, based on the weapon’s shape to a silly long-horned instrument called a “bazooka” that was played by the comedian Bob Burns in the 1930’s: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazooka

[senior70]

That All Important Hyphen

It was a sunny late afternoon on the southeast coast of the Isle of Man where Jenny and I, married less than a year, were living during the summer 1966 fieldwork season of my doctoral research. Our living quarters were primitive, a local acquaintance having offered me, a cash-strapped grad student, for a few quid a week, an old stone-built telegraph cable building on the cobble beach at the bottom of Cornaa valley. The building was never meant for habitation, but there was an old Calor-gas stove, and a Hurricane lamp since there was no electricity. Sleeping bags on an old mattress sufficed as a bed. Water was available from a standpipe in the field behind the building and the ‘toilet’ was anywhere on the adjacent rocky promontory, below high tide level. 

I owned an old Morris van, an absolute necessity since my fieldwork was on tidal rock platforms and coastal slopes and some days, with Jenny as my unpaid field assistant, we circumnavigated the whole island to catch the lowest possible tides for surveying and mapping the kelp and barnacle encrusted shore, exposed only for a few hours at a time.

A friend in the Isle of Man Sub Aqua Club who owned a guest house in Douglas, offered Jenny an evening job, with tips, as barmaid in his small guest bar, so after a long day clambering down cliffs and sliding about on the slippery, wet shore, she tidied up and drove the 16 miles to Douglas, while I processed the day's work, calculating lines of levelling and carefully drawing up the profiles and maps on sheets of cartridge paper, all in the unsatisfactory light of a hurricane lamp. We were young, fit and confident, taking all these privations in our stride and enjoying our simple home in an almost private, seldom visited bay on the Irish Sea.

 What lay underwater, below low tide level was of equal importance, and we had, in our first months living in the Welsh university town of Aberystwyth, made ourselves neoprene wet suits, the waters of the Irish Sea not being known for their warmth. We had purchased sheets of neoprene, rolls of bright yellow tape and rubber glue, and had found a pattern to follow. However, it was a Male pattern, Jenny as a qualified scuba diver and snorkeler, being a rarity in the fledgling British Sub Aqua Club.  We had a lot of fun adapting the pattern for a female, cutting shapes out of cardboard in a quest to create a suitable bra-cup shape that could be glued over two holes cut in the front of wetsuit jacket. Jenny’s completed wetsuit, with two cones outlined with bright yellow tape, was utilitarian but certainly not fashionable. 

By joining the Isle of Man Sub Aqua Club, we were able to use scuba equipment in relative safety and add a dimension to my offshore research that was considered very novel for its day. In addition to our diving gear, I had an underwater camera. I had made two heavy and awkward waterproof camera casings in earlier years, but this was a purchased camera. It took a roll of black and white film, had to be wound on frame by frame and had a flash attachment with a large reflector that required individual blue flash bulbs for each use. The light meter came in its own waterproof container, and, as on land, had to be used to determine what shutter speed and f-stop to set on the camera, an awkward thing to do while wearing neoprene mittens.  It was supposedly waterproof to 60’ but, fortunately, all that was of interest to me was in the first 20’ of the surface. 

Fishermen were occasionally seen on the far side of Cornaa beach where the Cornaa river emptied into the sea. In season, salmon was the prize catch, but when spawning, heavy fines were levied on anyone found poaching. I knew nothing about fishing, but a chance remark by someone who claimed that poaching was made difficult by the fact that the salmon showed no interest in the food on the fishing hook when spawning, got me wondering. 

So, late one afternoon, when Jenny had driven off to Douglas, I dressed in my wet suit and walked up the river carrying my mask and snorkel, my camera and my heavy lead weight belt. My destination was a large pool below a small set of falls, a pretty spot at any time. Only about five feet deep, though perhaps eight feet in the plunge  pool below the falls, and floored with small stones, it was an ideal spawning ground to which the same salmon would return each year. 

Slipping quietly into the pool, anxious not to disturb any spawning salmon, I saw no sign of fish at first. So, hugging the edge of the pool, I made my way along the rock wall towards the falls. Only as I drifted over the plunge pool, did I see, down through the bubble filled water, some grey shapes clustered along the bottom where the rock wall met the gravel floor. I took a breath and dived, slowly moving along the bottom until close to the fish. Up close they looked huge. Each of about eight salmon was lying motionless on the bottom, fins quietly working, gills opening rhythmically. They showed no alarm or even interest in me, even as I came alongside them. By chance, evening sunlight illuminated the scene enough that my light meter told me that I did not need the flash. I had been concerned about how a bright flash might disturb the fish, so that was a relief. I surfaced, and moving into shallower water, stood and set my camera. 

I took about ten photos of the spawning salmon, one with my gloved hand gently tickling a particularly large salmon, which paid no attention to me. Such is the concentration on spawning that all else is ignored. No wonder a spawning salmon is not really interested in food dangling on a line. 

These were the days that when all twenty-four pictures had been exposed, one took a roll of film to the chemist shop, where it was sent off to Kodak or Ilford for developing and printing, one having the choice of size of print, though most customers stuck to a small print size, that being less expensive. It often took a week or ten days before one could retrieve the prints and first see the results, a far cry from today's almost instant review of a digital photo just taken.

As I recall, it was the chemist who remarked on my photos, proving perhaps that he and his staff felt free to look through customers photos. Privacy was not assured, and one only took naughty pictures of one's girlfriend or wife at the risk of the entire village knowing. He remarked on the unusualness of my salmon photos, and how interested fishermen might be in seeing them. 

Well, to shorten the story, after some advice from a diving friend, I wrote a short article on my snorkel in the pool, and, with two or three of the photos, sent it to the editor of a rather toffee-nosed magazine that reported on the fishing and hunting activities of the upper classes, often with pages of photos of those of note who were in attendance at some frightfully fashionable hunt ball. After a week or so, to my surprise, I received a letter not only accepting my article but informing me that I would be paid twenty guineas for it. Even then, the guinea was monetarily archaic, it being the sum of 21 shillings, 20 shillings being the commonly used pound. So twenty guineas was twenty one pounds, a princely sum for a just married graduate student. Ironically, in my subsequent career as an academic, I have never been paid for an article or paper again. Indeed, these days, an academic journal can require many hundreds of dollars in page charges should one survive the process of peer review and actually have a contribution accepted for publication. 

When the issue of the magazine was published, I received a cheque for twenty one guineas and a copy of the issue. In looking at the contents page I immediately noticed that my name stood out like a sore thumb. The list of contributors included, among others, Brigadier Algernon Fitzroy-Williams, Sir Alexander Bentine, Esq., Lady Constance McDougall, Mr. Peter Clarke-LeNoble and Mr. Brian Phillips. 

It was at this point in my life that I resolved that should I ever become rich and famous, I would have to change my name to at least include a hyphen. I fondly imagined the idea of Jenny and I being announced by the butler as we arrived for some grand occasion as “ the Morley-Phillips.” In future, I decided, any submitted articles of mine would be under the pen-name “Armstrong Fitzgerald-Jenkins-Jones”, doubly hyphenated for maximum effect. 

Sadly, I'm running out of time to become rich and famous. I did make it as far as “Dr.”, but no further. 

senior70

[researchreportinsight]

Nanotechnology Market Material Type, Application and End-User Industry - Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast 2024

5 July 2019 - The Global Nanotechnology Market is subject to witness a substantial growth at a CAGR of around 17% due to the soaring demand from different industry verticals such as aerospace sector, automobile industry, electronics & electrical sector, pharmaceutical industry, and military & defense sector. Use of nanotechnology offers product security and anti-counterfeiting due to their unique properties such as high magnetic, optical strength, catalytic and electronic properties. Globally, the market is predicted to generate massive revenue over the next seven years, providing numerous opportunities for market players to invest for research and development in the nanotechnology market.

Vast set of application of nanotechnology involving dispersions and coating, consolidated materials, bio-medical and electromechanical devices are expected to offer lucrative growth opportunities for industry players in the upcoming years. Advent of nanomaterials such as graphene and nano-cellulose are predicted to drive growth of market over the forecast period. These nanomaterials are economically viable and possess advanced properties. The constant requirement of nanoparticles such as the gold nanoparticles for technological transformation of healthcare industry is driving the market growth in forecast period. Besides, the large investment from private sector for development of nanotechnology and numerous initiatives from governments are multiplying the progress of the nanotechnology market.

View Full Report with TOC @ https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/nanotechnology-market

Increasing adoption of nanotechnology for production of metal nanoparticles, which are broadly consumed in biomedical sciences and bioengineering is expected to boost market growth in the near future. The nanoparticles have become major attraction due to their significant potential for development of nanotechnology in the healthcare industry.

In recent times, metal nanoparticles are synthesized and altered along with different bio-chemical functional groups. This allows metal nanoparticles to conjugate with anti-bodies, ligands, and medicine. Due to these vast functionalities, allows a broad range of possible applications in biotechnology, magnetic severance, pre-concentration of required analysts, targeted medicine distribution, and transportation for gene and medicine delivery. The various metal nanoparticles also allow diagnostic imaging used in biotechnology.

Some of the extensive applications of nanotechnology in different industry verticals include automobile industry, electronics & electrical sector, pharmaceutical industry, military & defense sector, consumer goods, electronics, filtration, and life sciences, which are also expected to contribute positively to market expansion. Introduction of Nano cellulose technology, which gaining widespread popularity in applications such as scaffolds in tissue engineering, artificial skin and cartilage, wound healing and vessel substitutes, and biodegradable food packaging, are estimated to boost market growth over the next seven years.

The market is broadly categorized into major segments based on the product type such as nanomaterials, nano-tools, and nano-devices. The nanomaterials is considered as one of the fastest growing segment in the market with substantial revenue generation in the last few years. Growing popularity of the segment is attributed to the increasing demand form electronics industry, power & energy sector and defense industry. The nano-devices segment has also witnessed substantial growth owing to the increasing adoption in the electromechanical devices.

The market is divided by region as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Africa. North America has shown major growth in recent years owing to the rise in the implementation of latest technologies in electronic sector, increase in the number of research & development activities, and existence of well-established industrial infrastructure in the region.

Asia-Pacific region is predicted to hold major market share in the nanotechnology market with massive growth in forecast period. Countries such as South Korea, China and Japan are leading the Asia-Pacific market with increasing consummation of highest consumption of the metal nanoparticles and significant investment by leading industry players considering potential growth opportunities in the region.

The key players in the nanotechnology market are Altair Nanotechnologies Inc., AMCOL International Co., BioDelivery Sciences International Inc., Clariant International Ltd., Competitive Technologies Inc., Dendritic NanoTechnologies, Inc., Eastman Kodak Co., Frontier Carbon Co., Hosokawa Micron Group AG, and Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc.

Request Sample Copy of This Report @ https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/nanotechnology-market/request-sample

[girlinpride]

Digital Printing Packaging Market value chain analysis & revenue insight 2021

The latest report published by Profshare Market Research projects that Digital Printing Packaging Market is expected to show impressive CAGR of 12.3 % between 2019-27. The study covers detail market analysis, growth and forecast of the Digital Printing Packaging Market. The report includes market analysis on global as well country specific level. Historical data analysis from 2015 to 2019 is very important to forecast market for 2019 to 2027.

The report uses value chain analysis for each of the product segments. Value chain analysis offers in depth information about value addition at each stage of the product development. It is very important for organization to reduce cost of the final product without compromising much on quality. If organization receives correct value chain analysis information then it can ease the product manufacturing process to large extent. Seamless product delivery to consumer has become more important than it ever were, proper value chain analysis exactly delivers the same.

Access sample report @ https://www.profsharemarketresearch.com/enquiry/digital-printing-packaging-market-report-enquiry/

Major players in the Digital Printing Packaging Market are identified through secondary research and their market revenues determined through primary and secondary research. Secondary research included the research of the annual and financial reports of the top manufacturers; whereas, primary research included key opinions of leaders and industry experts. The percentage splits, market shares, growth rate and breakdowns of the product markets are determined through using secondary sources and verified through the primary sources.

Research report includes the extensive use of primary and secondary data sources. Research process focuses on multiple factors affecting the industry such as competitive landscape, government policy, historical data, market current position, Digital Printing Packaging Market trends, upcoming technologies & innovations as well as risks, rewards, opportunities and challenges. Study used very precise top-down and bottom-up approach in order to validate market revenue, volume, manufacturers, regional analysis, product segments and end users/applications.

Research report provides details analysis on drivers and restraints Digital Printing Packaging Market along with their impact on demand during the forecast period. The study also provides key market indicators affecting the growth of the market. Research report includes in depth competitive analysis with shares of each player inside market, growth rate and market attractiveness in different end users/regions. Research study on Digital Printing Packaging Market helps user to make precise decision in order to expand market presence and increase market share.

Regional analysis of Digital Printing Packaging Market includes North America, Asia Pacific, Europe , Middle East & Africa as major region. These Major regions are further divided into countries like US, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Germany, England, France Italy, Netherlands, Spain, India, China, Singapore, Japan, Malaysia, South Korea & Australia. Regional outlook is one of the most important aspects of research study. Research study delivers clear picture of product market for various regions globally.

Access Full Report @ https://www.profsharemarketresearch.com/digital-printing-packaging-market-report/

Market Segmentation

1. Digital Printing Packaging Market: Product Type

· Thermal Transfer Printing

· Inkjet Printing

· Electrophotography & Electrostatic Printing

1. Digital Printing Packaging Market: End Users/Application Analysis

· Food & Beverage

· Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare

· Household & Cosmetic Products

1. Digital Printing Packaging Market : Competitive Analysis

· Dupont

· Xerox Corporation

· Mondi PLC

· Quad/Graphics, Inc.

· Eastman Kodak Co.

· Xeikon N.V.

· Quantum Print and Packaging Ltd.

· WS Packaging Group, Inc.

· Traco Manufacturing, Inc

Some of the important aspects of the Digital Printing Packaging Market study include:

· Report heavily focuses on major market aspects such as Volume, Revenue, market share, concentration rate, supply-demand scenario, growth & challenges.

· Market growth drivers, trends analysis, future scope, government policies as well as environmental aspects.

· Study uses many important analytical techniques to reach highest level of data accuracy. These techniques includes Primary & secondary research, Porters five analysis, SWOT analysis, Qualitative analysis, market sizing.

About Profshare:

Profshare Market Research is a full service market research company that delivers in depth market research globally. We operate within consumer and business to business markets offering both qualitative and quantitative research services. We work for private sector clients, along with public sector and voluntary organizations. Profshare Market Research publishes high quality, in-depth market research studies, to help clients obtain granular level clarity on current business trends and expected future developments. We are committed to our client’s needs, providing custom solutions best fit for strategy development and implementation to extract tangible results.

Contact :

Kalyani D.

Profshare Market Research

sales@profsharemarketresearch.com

[oliveratlanta]

The uncertain future of north Atlanta’s most affordable cities

Chamblee and Doraville have long been bastions of affordability and inclusiveness. Amidst explosive development, can that continue? 

Jerry Margolis removed the drawers from a wooden desk, a scraping sound piercing the emptying room.

Margolis had just sold his work desk to a pair of customers. As they moved it through an open door in the back of the antique shop and into a pickup truck, a piano version of Killing Me Softly played.

February brought the final days of business at Way Back When Antiques, Margolis’s shop in downtown Chamblee. The property, housed in an olive-green building on Peachtree Road, has been sold to real estate developer Selig Enterprises.

As Margolis prepared to close at the end of the month, his shop had only a smattering of furniture, books, and knickknacks remaining. Selig reps tell Curbed Atlanta they’re “very bullish on the area,” and the property is part of a long-term strategy with no immediate plans to redevelop. They aren’t alone in their bullishness.

“I’m sure the rent will go up enough that I couldn’t afford to run my antique business,” Margolis says, adding that Chamblee has changed significantly in the 31 years he’s operated in the area “It’s grown up, and it’s gotten expensive, so the properties that you used to be able to get for just about nothing have doubled and tripled.”

Price hikes in what’s traditionally been a bastion of relative ITP affordability stretch beyond downtown Chamblee’s Antique Row, a longstanding concentration of antique stores. Development of potentially regional impact has spread into neighboring Doraville, with the most visible example being Assembly Yards, a 165-acre mixed-use project on the site of the former General Motors plant.

Older buildings along Peachtree Road include Lenox Cupcakes and Southbound, a restaurant in a former factory that serves hip Southern fare.

Longstanding dessert proprietor the Frosty Caboose among antique shops.

Southbound’s interior.

More than a few neighbors are fretting over what the changes could ultimately mean.

Across the northern arc of intown Atlanta, Chamblee and Doraville are—or were—anomalies. Compared to high-rent neighboring cities Dunwoody, Brookhaven, and Sandy Springs, Chamblee and Doraville until recent years have both seemed downright reasonable. While Atlanta’s average rent is $1,379, Doraville’s is $1,053—23.6 percent lower. Chamblee, which has seen more development in recent years, now has average rents of $1,319, or 5 percent cheaper than Dunwoody and 8.5 percent cheaper than Brookhaven. Median home prices in Doraville and Chamblee are similarly lower than their neighbors. Doraville’s median list price per square foot is $176, compared to Dunwoody’s $201, and Brookhaven’s $242. Chamblee has crept up and is now $200.

Though communities as disparate as Hapeville, Scottdale, and Whittier Mill Village are also relatively affordable and ITP, Chamblee and Doraville have greater transit connectivity than most of metro Atlanta. Both lie on MARTA’s gold rail line, in addition to having MARTA bus transit. The Royal, a privately owned bus line, services Buford Highway, too. These amenities, as government officials stress, make the cities more attractive than ever.

SLX Atlanta is putting up new buildings along Peachtree Boulevard.

The beginnings of Attiva Peachtree by Terminus.

With desirability comes cost, and concerns abound over rising prices—an issue echoed around the country and indeed the world in recent, post-recession years. But in Chamblee and Doraville, the changes of today and tomorrow could be particularly drastic.

These DeKalb County cities have much in common. Both initially prospered as agricultural communities strategically located on major rail lines. In 1917, Chamblee’s dairy land was transformed into the now relocated Camp Gordon, a military installation home to 40,000 personnel that spurred a building and retail boom.

At the end of World War II, the cities looked to industry. Doraville’s GM plant opened in 1947, spawning population and housing growth in the city. This brought jobs to Chamblee as well, with corporations such as Frito-Lay, Kodak, and General Electric building plants. Chamblee and Doraville were places where industrial workers could afford to live and raise families.

In the 1980s, Chamblee’s plants downsized or closed. Doraville’s GM plant, the project that had sparked progress for both cities, shuttered in 2009.

Today, Chamblee and Doraville have higher percentages of Hispanic and Asian people than Atlanta’s average, and this manifests in the local stores, services, and restaurants. When you call many businesses in Doraville, they answer the phone in Spanish. Many residents call such diversity a plus.

Around Chamblee MARTA Station on a recent weekend.

As it did a century ago, large-scale development has come to Chamblee first. This time, instead of a military installation, it’s upscale housing and retail. In Doraville, officials say, Assembly Yards is the first in a slate of high-end projects that could bring an economic boom but indirectly displace low- and middle-income residents—and change the fabric of the cities.

In Downtown Chamblee, a charming historic area next to a MARTA station where freight trains frequently roll by, there isn’t a blending of old and new. It’s more like the new is poking through the old.

Though downtown has considerable open space, it goes for a premium. Land is cleared for The Bristol townhomes, advertised as starting at $600,000. Signs touting space for lease are ubiquitous, and on a recent weekday afternoon, people strolled sidewalks and indulged in ice cream at a business shaped like a red train caboose. On one end of Peachtree Road, the main thoroughfare, there’s an aged barbershop, with a classic barber’s pole and weatherworn shop sign. A five-minute walk down the street, three customers entered a newer, more polished version of the barbershop—same pole as the first—with gleaming barber chairs.

The flipside to all of that is the new Chamblee.

In recent years, Chamblee development has exploded. In addition to hundreds of high-end apartments, condos, townhomes, and office space that is finished or planned, there’s now a Whole Foods. The Peachtree Creek Greenway, a walk and bike path and another selling point, is planned to eventually connect Chamblee and Doraville to the Beltline.

“Within the built environment, you’re seeing a lot of changes that are taking shape based on plans that have been in the works for over 20 years,” says Chamblee Mayor Eric Clarkson, who has lived in the city since the mid-1990s.

Clarkson says planning began in the early 2000s to tie land use to transportation. Chamblee installed zoning codes to require more density and mixed-use development in order to encourage walkability.

“Chamblee is still relatively affordable,” he says. “But with all the development that’s coming and with folks wanting to be in a very walkable environment, the rents and the outright purchase of housing continually goes up at a pretty rapid pace.”

Over the past two years, average rents in Chamblee have jumped 16 percent, double the rate of Atlanta. Median home prices have climbed 8 percent in the past year.

Trackside Chamblee is a block from the MARTA station.

A few blocks away, The Oliver now stands.

“You’d rather have real estate appreciation than going down,” Clarkson says. “Heck, I lived through the Great Recession. I think most folks around here did. We don’t want our property values going down. You want them continually going up, but to this point, we’re still seeing certain pockets as relatively affordable.”

Amy Holmes, a Chamblee resident since 2002, enjoys living in a small city in a large metro. She’s impressed by the city’s planning—and how adding social activities such as summer concerts has helped Chamblee develop an identity. “We’re really kind of thinking as a city,” she says.

“We’re just all stunned by the sudden rise in housing prices, both cost of people’s houses but then the impact of that on rent.”

At the same time, Holmes says she and her neighbors can’t help but notice surging prices.

“We’re just all stunned by the sudden rise in housing prices, both cost of people’s houses but then the impact of that on rent,” she says.

Holmes is president-elect of the Peachtree Gateway Council on Schools, an organization of DeKalb public school parents. She says people at Huntley Hills Elementary School, where two-thirds of kids qualify for free or reduced-price lunches, are shocked by rising rents.

“I feel a real panic around in the air about just what is our future in terms of affordability of housing,” she says. “I know that for people who are thinking, ‘I’m going to retire and sell my house and it’ll be worth a lot,’ that’s true that that’s a good thing for you. But if people are planning to stay here and really have this be their home and would like other people to be able to move into the area, especially families that are going to have kids, it feels like a real catch-22 that has no great solution.”

Losing proximity to Chamblee’s MARTA line has been particularly detrimental for middle- and working-class families, observes Mary Hall, who works in Chamblee and lives nearby.

“It’s pretty clear that there’s been a shift in the kinds of folks that can afford to live within walking distance of Chamblee MARTA Station,” Hall says.

Half a mile from Assembly Yards, Doraville’s Mozart Bakery is nestled between two chicken restaurants, one serving KFC (Korean fried chicken, that is) and the other Mexican grilled chicken. The Buford Highway bakery is a quiet place, where frosted cakes topped with fruit rest behind a glass counter, breads and cookies sit neatly packaged, and menus are in English and Korean.

Welcome to Doraville City Councilmember Stephe Koontz’s de facto office.

“What really makes this area unique is that it’s kind of been preserved, and it hasn’t been gentrified yet,” says Koontz, a longtime Doraville resident.” We have the opportunity to set the tone of what the development here will look like.”

In addition to Assembly Yards and the Peachtree Creek Greenway, there are talks in city council to develop a city center around Doraville MARTA Station. The city owns a whole block there, so its leaders are considering moving civic services to make way for a dense town center. (Those plans are really a return to the past, as Doraville’s old downtown was leveled to make way for MARTA, which opened in 1992.)

This filming hub was created in the Assembly project’s first phase.

Following Chamblee’s lead, Doraville is trying to update its image by dropping the word “industrial” from Peachtree Industrial Boulevard, though most people still refer to the road by its original name.

It’s a symbol for how changes from Chamblee could spill north into Doraville.

“There’s people that would like to see this area get gentrified, the prices of everything go up and basically what happened in Decatur,” Koontz says. “When I talk to people that moved to Decatur 10 years ago, they moved there because there was a mix of ethnicity. There was a lot of quirky little shops like you see on Buford Highway now, a lot of interesting restaurants and places where you could buy different kinds of things, shops you didn’t see in other parts of Atlanta.”

Hundreds of new apartments have been built in the core of Decatur in the past few years, but Koontz says Doraville, as is, doesn’t have enough rental properties to accommodate everyone.

“We’re being affected by other parts of metro Atlanta destroying their affordable housing,” she says, before referencing Beltline areas in particular. “As old-stock apartments are torn down in metro Atlanta and replaced with $3,000-a-month luxury apartments, those people are being displaced, and they’re coming here.”

Sandy Chavarria has lived in Doraville since 1998, when she was a child. As a teenager, she worked in the cafeteria at the Buford Highway Farmers Market. The stores she frequents, the carnicerías she goes to for her meat, are all there. She says Doraville isn’t known for splashy city development like Dunwoody or Brookhaven, but she sees the city changing. “People don’t see it physically, but I know that we are growing. I see it. I see more people walking on the streets. I see a lot of people in the MARTA station.”

Hopstix, an Asian brewpub, joins Chamblee’s wave of new dining options.

Vintage Pizza in the heart of old Chamblee.

Nonetheless, Chavarria feels that development could benefit Doraville, in terms of making a physical and infrastructural statement. But having rented in Doraville since moving out of her parents’ house, she says finding somewhere affordable has become tougher.

“Being raised here in Doraville, I want to continue living in Doraville, but until I can afford to buy a house…it’s really hard to stay within the Buford Highway corridor,” she says.

Though some apartments are renovated and have improved living conditions, landlords sometimes charge higher prices without making needed repairs, says Rebekah Cohen Morris, an English literature teacher living in Doraville and housing equity director at Los Vecinos de Buford Highway advocacy organization.

Meanwhile, other housing is being redeveloped. A new elementary school will replace Shallowford Gardens apartment complex. Carver Hills, a black neighborhood created by GM, is slated to be redeveloped into single-family houses and townhomes. (Residents were in unanimous support of selling their properties and moving.)

Cohen Morris says displacement issues are both obvious and not.

“We’re seeing a lot more people just kind of open their homes and their apartments and allow [in] families that lost their homes due to it being torn down for a new condo or townhome,” she says. “We’ve seen other people start living together, like two or three families in a one, two, or three-bedroom unit. It kind of masks some of the displacement.”

Chamblee’s history as an industrial area has perhaps worked in affordable housing’s favor. So far, development has taken former industrial property, not touching any affordable or older housing, according to Mayor Clarkson.

“Now, unfortunately,” he says, “a lot of that affordability hasn’t aged well and more than likely will need to be replaced in the not-too-distant future.”

“I don’t know why thinking about executives living in your neighborhood isn’t considered diversity. I think you need all walks of life.”

Clarkson is interested in exploring incentives for housing affordability through federal opportunity zones—economically distressed communities where new investments could be eligible for tax benefits. One of these opportunity zones is near Chamblee’s MARTA station.

“That area’s where we have a lot of aging multifamily [housing],” Clarkson says. “I think there’s going to be some real good opportunity, no pun intended, to look at what that opportunity zone means as a vehicle for helping us.”

So far, the area around Chamblee MARTA Station has seen the addition of affordable housing exclusively for seniors.

Developed by the nonprofit Mercy Housing Southeast, Senior Residences at Mercy Park, a 79-unit apartment complex, rents one-bedrooms for $550 to $681 monthly to people at least 62 years old.

Ronit Hoffer, project developer at Mercy Housing Southeast, notes the Walmart and Whole Foods nearby.

“If it’s a transportation-oriented development, if it’s right next to MARTA, then the idea is you don’t necessarily need a car, which is good for low-income folks,” says Hoffer. “Chamblee’s got a lot going, and we’re sort of getting in on it on the ground floor.”

Conversely, Clarkson is pleased that Chamblee has seen more executive move-up housing built, as most of the city’s housing has traditionally been affordable but smaller.

“It was a perpetual moving in, moving out. And so with the advent for infill housing, more infill subdivisions, some larger homes, you get a greater diversity,” says the mayor. “I don’t know why thinking about executives living in your neighborhood isn’t considered diversity. I think you need all walks of life, all socioeconomic levels, all ethnicities. I think it’s very healthy.”

But to make affordability work, Chamblee needs density, Clarkson says.

Councilmember Koontz also wants density for Doraville. She says the city should look at how to incentivize mixed-income housing that’s a combination of high-end larger units and more basic smaller units, with uniform exteriors.

Koontz says the city council is beginning to explore how to attract these housing options, discussing measures such as bonuses for developers and reduced parking requirements near the MARTA station.

“If we displace the current residents that live here and lose the diversity and the population that live in this area, not only is that going to change the whole housing market, it’s going to cause all the businesses up and down this corridor to fail,” Koontz says. “If we wait five years, it’s going to be too late.”

Chamblee resident Holmes says she worries about her neighbors being forced to move because of cost.

“Part of the reason that all of us have liked our neighborhoods in Doraville and Chamblee is because there’s a wide variety of people. When I moved into Huntley Hills, there’s plumbers and electricians and there’s also lawyers, etcetera,” she says. “That’s a normal cross-section of American society to live in, which is a cool thing.”

Hall feels that planners need to study and take things slowly in order to avoid unintended consequences.

“Growth is necessary and important,” she says. “But it shouldn’t come to the detriment of the cultural mix that makes this a really strong area and the families that have raised their kids.”

Cohen Morris, who is running for Doraville City Council in November, says the city needs to preserve affordable housing and develop mixed-income housing in high-density areas, especially near the MARTA station.

“We need to be really intentional so that we don’t overlook people and so that everyone gets to share in the new successes that the cities are experiencing,” she says.

At Way Back When Antiques, a faint smell of wood in the air, Margolis reflected on the changes he’s seen in Chamblee over the decades.

“If it goes like the city wants it to, I think it’ll be really neat. It’ll be a walkable city,” he says. “The properties that antique shops are sitting on become too valuable to the owners to just rent out to an antique shop, and if they need to raise the rent, antique dealers can’t do high-end retail. And that’s what Chamblee is becoming—high-end retail.”

Outside, a MARTA train pulled out of the Chamblee station and passed an increasing number of upscale stores and homes. Traveling on an elevated track behind Way Back When Antiques, the train bent into the distance and out of sight.

It hurtled toward Doraville.

Chamblee Dunwoody Road crosses under Peachtree Road, where a mural harkens the area’s history.

Adina Solomon is a freelance journalist who grew up in Atlanta and attended high school off Buford Highway in Doraville. Her work has appeared in national and local outlets including The Washington Post, Atlanta magazine, The Atlantic’s CityLab, and the Atlanta Journal-Constitution.

source https://atlanta.curbed.com/atlanta-development/2019/3/11/18253838/chamblee-doraville-atlanta-development-affordability

[surajpalange-blog]

Global Document Scanner Market 2019 - Analysis, Size, Share, Overview, scope, Revenue, Gross Margin, Segment and Forecast 2024

Acquire Market Research has announced a new report titled “Global Document Scanner Market 2019 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2024” to their offerings.

The worldwide market for Document Scanner is expected to grow at a CAGR of roughly 5.7% over the next five years, will reach 1560 million US$ in 2024, from 1120 million US$ in 2019, according to a new study.

Document Scanner is a device that converts a document or text from its paper form into digital data. It usually consists of hardware, software and signal lines or power lines.

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Scope of the Report:

The document scanner industry concentration is relatively high. The four leader brands, i.e. Fujitsu, Canon, HP, Epson take above 60% of global production.

Global giant manufactures mainly distributed in U.S. and Japan. The manufacturers in U.S. have a long history and unshakable status in this field. Manufacturers such as HP and Kodak have relative higher level of product’s quality. As to Japan, Fujitsu has become as a global leader. Most of Chinese manufactures locate in Beijing and Shanghai cities.

The key consumption markets locate at developed countries. The United States takes the market share of 29%, followed by EU with 23% in 2017. China’s consumption market has a quicker growing speed of CAGR 9.21%.

We tend to believe this industry becomes more and more mature, and the consumption increasing rate will show a smooth curve.

This report focuses on the Document Scanner in global market, especially in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa. This report categorizes the market based on manufacturers, regions, type and application.

Market Segment by Manufacturers, this report covers

Fujitsu

Canon

HP

Epson

Brother

Plustek

Kodak

Panasonic

Uniscan

MICROTEK

Founder Technology

Hanvon

Avision

Visioneer (Xerox)

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Market Segment by Regions, regional analysis covers

North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)

Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy)

Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia)

South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia etc.)

Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

Market Segment by Type, covers

High-speed Document Scanner

Flatbed Document Scanner

Portable Document Scanner

Other

Market Segment by Applications, can be divided into

Financial

Government

Business

Household

Other

Table of Contents 1 Market Overview 1.1 Document Scanner Introduction 1.2 Market Analysis by Type 1.2.1 High-speed Document Scanner 1.2.2 Flatbed Document Scanner 1.2.3 Portable Document Scanner 1.2.4 Other 1.3 Market Analysis by Applications 1.3.1 Financial 1.3.2 Government 1.3.3 Business 1.3.4 Household 1.3.5 Other 1.4 Market Analysis by Regions 1.4.1 North America (United States, Canada and Mexico) 1.4.1.1 United States Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.1.2 Canada Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.1.3 Mexico Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.2 Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy) 1.4.2.1 Germany Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.2.2 France Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.2.3 UK Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.2.4 Russia Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.2.5 Italy Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.3 Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia) 1.4.3.1 China Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.3.2 Japan Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.3.3 Korea Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.3.4 India Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.3.5 Southeast Asia Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.4 South America, Middle East and Africa 1.4.4.1 Brazil Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.4.2 Egypt Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.4.3 Saudi Arabia Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.4.4 South Africa Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.4.4.5 Turkey Market States and Outlook (2014-2024) 1.5 Market Dynamics 1.5.1 Market Opportunities

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How the development of social networks has changed our way of perceiving images

According to Internet live stats, more than 40% of the global population has access to the internet and the number of people worldwide who join the web, with a computer or a mobile phone, increases every second. As I write these sentences, more than 3.5 billion of users are actually connected. As a matter of fact, “There are officially more mobile devices than people in the world (7.2 billion gadgets) and they’re multiplying five times faster than we are”, states an article on The Independent (Davies Boren, 2014). The most revolutionary electronic device of all time is certainly the computer, but the one that transformed forever our way of living is the mobile phone. Especially after the presentation of the very first “smartphone”, the Apple’s iPhone, at the beginning of 2007, the way we think about technology and communication changed radically. We have been witnessed an exponential development of these accessories which are no longer just telephones, but they have become proper computers in miniature. If we think about it, they are something that complete ourselves as human beings by making our lives a lot easier: we can take photos and videos with they, we can take notes and make calculations, check our emails, the weather, the stock markets, we can navigate internet and use the maps to orient ourselves. Nowadays mobile phones have become and extension of our body, something that we can no longer live without.

As we assist to the development of these new technologies, industry experts also think about new ways of making use oh them. Apart from useful and helpful utillization of the means (like the examples mentioned above), a lot of “entertaining stuff” were invented in order to keep us more and more interested and engaged with the new gadgets on the market. Among the lots, there are the Social Media. By definition, social media is a “collective of online communication channels dedicated to community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and collaboration” (according to whats.com) (Rouse, date unknown). The first one that became famous worldwide was MySpace, launched by founders Chris DeWolfe and Tom Anderson in 2003; the website was a social network platform where people, once registered, could share their personal life and interests with their friends and the rest of the world. Behind this idea there were infrastructures of human resources, server capacity, finance and technical expertise that worked for the site; the idea was so catching and the profits so high that the following years way more social media emerged. In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg, a university student, created, with the hep of few classmates, The Facebook, a social media which users intended to be restricted from those belonging to Harvard University. The basic structure and aim were similar to MySpace, with the difference that in a short amount of time it became the most popular website ever existed. These two social media, as many of the first ones, were concentrated on trying to connect people through live chats and exchanging of all sort of information, while websites focused only on images were still rare.

The revolution came alongside the development of Apple’s iPhones and its apps; the new mobile technology allows people to carry their social media accounts on their phones and so to have access to their personal profiles anytime, everywhere. As a matter of fact, a fully functioned new social media was born in the form of app only: Instagram. This social network was promoted in 2010 by its two founders Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger; it was born as a free mobile app only, focused on photo-sharing and soon it went viral. After several negotiations, in 2012 the brand was bought for US$1 billion by the Facebook owner which developed the app and dramatically increased the number of people registered in just two years. Some changes, of course, were made, such as the chance for users to directly connect their profile on Instagram to the one on Facebook and so the images shared in the first one would travel to the second more easily, making the connection between the two social media stronger than ever.

Currently, the Instagram icon is a white stylized symbol of a camera on a bright rainbow coloured background and the name was probably inspired by the old Kodak Instamatic of the 1960s: originally, in fact, the format of the pictures on Instagram was squared only, exactly like the one of the vintage camera and this was a very peculiar characteristic belonging to this singular app alone. The social media is quite simple to use (actually it is easier to practically use it rather then explain it in words): its main purpose is to upload images and short videos on to your personal profile, which you can modify at your convenience. The account page shows your username (which doesn’t necessarily have to be your real full name), the number of all the photographs you have upload (and a small copy of them as well), a profile picture, the number of followers and following people (which I will explain later in more details) and the chance to include your other personal website links and a small introduction. At the bottom page there are five different functions: your profile section, a list of notifications regarding likes and comments of you and people you follow, a camera switch to take pictures and videos directly from the app, a search button to find friends and have a look to other profiles that might interest you, and the Home page which shows a list of posts of users you follow. Last year, the Instagram Stories was introduced; it is basically an easier and more rapid way to share several moments of your life altogether with the web community. What makes this new function so appealing is that you can add captures directly on your photos, see how many people and who have looked at them, and that the whole thing will disappear forever after just one day (24 hours). This aspect was also criticized by many because of its evident similarity to another social media, Snapchat, which main purpose is to create a temporary story of images and chats that would disappear after 24 hours. Nevertheless, the upgrade resulted to be more than successful. On the other hand, to upload something definitive on Instagram is not that much difficult: you can do it directly from the app by pressing the small icon at the bottom centre, from the photo library on your phone, or even from other apps such as those designed to modify and correct images; once you have chosen a picture or a video, you can tag people and the place it was shot, correct it by adding filters (e.g. you can intensify the colours, transform it in to black and white, make the atmosphere more dream-like…), a small description and, more important, the hashtags. Instagram, alongside with Twitter, was the “supporter” of the hashtags; the term derives from the information technology industry whose experts often used the form of a word preceded by the hash symbol to highlight a special meaning in a text. In terms of the social network, the hashtags not only complete the significance of a photo, but they also allow other people to find your post by typing the same word in the search function of the app. Other people can comment, like and share your post with other users, or even report it if they consider the image somehow inappropriate, but they cannot save it in their phone. To start interacting with other contacts, you need to create your personal community of “followers”, that is that you want as many people as possible to follow your updates and keep up with your activity as an “instagrammer”; it is obvious that you also have to be a follower of someone in turn. To find people you just need to search them by their username or real name and the most interesting thing is that one can actually follow the activity of celebrities and famous people as well as regular friends. In this sense we are able to feed our curiosity and admiration towards those people that we only see on television and whose lifestyle we feel so distant and surreal.

Along with celebrities profiles, Instagram offers agencies and associations the possibility to create a business profile in order to get more attention from the public; scrolling our Home page, we can sometimes find sponsored posts from pages we don’t actually follow and their appearance is based on our general interests guessed by system on the base of the profiles we follow. Sometimes, even artists and self-taught workers use this web platform as their own personal portfolio, a more practical and visible way to show their pieces; furthermore, as a mean of communication, people often avail themselves of Instagram as a starting point for social trends to become viral, especially fashion trends. By and large, this social network provides its users a huge variety of possibilities and this is the reason why it gained an incredible popularity in such a short time.

It is known that there are several more female users on Instagram than male ones, this fact is maybe the consequence of the general feeling of vanity that wafts throughout this social media. Even though it is not explicit, it is clear that the main intent of people who register themselves on the app, is to get some attention from people around the world by documenting and showing their lifestyle. That’s the reason why the most popular uploads portray ordinary things such as selfies, house pets, places where people travel and even food they eat. By doing so, in a sense, we are trying to obtain others’ approbation and make them wish they were us. This idea was well perceived by the business agencies, which started to pay attention to what people looked at on the web and so, then, they decided to send some inputs through the networks in order to understand the general feeling about a product before making a proper campaign. In this way, people also get the chance of participating somehow to the process of merchandising what they would suppose to buy at a later time. In this sense, Instagram, and so social media more in general, have changed not only the way people live, but also the whole industry of commerce. In an article for The Guardian, Hanna Ellis Petersen declare that “Seen through the filter of Instagram, the world is a beautiful place…” (Ellis Petersen, 2014) and that’s exactly what advertisement aims to spread as propaganda. For this reason, agencies started to contact and “recruit” users with a large number of followers (at least few thousand of them), offering products and then even compensation in exchange of pictures that showed these people using the products. The campaign was such a success that this method increased consistently the fame of both the company and the “instagrammer”. Indeed, some people were even able to make a proper career out of their hobby of photo-sharing; these lucky ones are now called “influencers”. Since the large part of Instagram users are people under 35 year-old who use social media daily, brands decided to use the influencers to get to a younger audience and they immediately understood the advantage of this kind of publicity: paying the web star was far cheaper than hire expert models, stylists and photographers. As Jason Stain, member of Laundry Service Agency for the recruitment of famous instagrammers, points out, the forefront mechanism is advantageous not only for the industry finances, but also for the Instagram photographer who has the chance of taking control over his/her own image. The reason why these new celebrities get so much attention from the world, is because common people can easily relate with them; they started with nothing but a fresh catching idea. As a matter of fact, anyone could become a web star with the right approach: an example is the 20 year-old Charlie Barker, an ordinary English girl with an obsession for David Bowie and Hello Kitty. She is an art student who lives in a flat with room mates in the suburbs of London, just like any other student, and who started to post photographs of herself and her eccentric wardrobe on Instagram. Somehow, people started to appreciate her lifestyle and thanks to her 590,000 followers she was noticed by various fashion companies which hire Charlie as a model. Barker is neither rich or full of special talents, but this is the reason why people admire her so much, they feel close to her.

A whole new category of superstar was born thanks to social media, the “influencer”, as I cited before, and they soon became more important than athletes, actors and musicians. The most striking case is represented by the Italian fashion blogger Chiara Ferragni. She was born in a rather small town in north Italy in 1987 and she opened her blog The Blonde Salad in 2009, while she was studying law at Bocconi University in Milan; the web page included sections about fashion, makeup, travel and lifestyle in general. The years that followed allowed her to gain a popularity beyond belief, making her a worldwide phenomenon. She published a book and she launched a new brand on her name becoming not only a blogger, but also a designer and business woman. Thanks to her fame, she moved to Los Angeles where she received various honours: she was mentioned in Forbes list of “Under 30”, a Barbie version of herself was merchandise and she was subject of studies at the business course of Harvard University. Today, she is consider the most important influencer worldwide and she was able to build an empire based only on her image. Her activity on social media, especially on Instagram, is what keep people interested, in fact she reached an outstanding number of followers: 7.7 million. This number, however, is nothing compared to the 89.8 million of people following the queen of social media Kim Kardashian, who became popular thanks to the media attention on her personal life. She is the kind of celebrity who is famous just for being famous and, however, people are so interested in what she does that Time Magazine listed her among the top 100 most influential persons on the entire planet. Kim is now known to be the ambassadress of selfies, the most common type of upload that we can find on Instagram. The “selfie” has a long history behind that started from the first experiments with photography during nineteenth century and continued with the development of Polaroid camera during the 1960s and 1970s; nevertheless, the huge step forward came along with the invention of digital and especially with the promotion of the iPhone 4 in 2010 which included a front camera, perfect for taking selfies. This practice is often seen as a narcissistic performance, but it actually hide a variety of other significances: according to Miriam Hardey, it is a way of representing ourselves in the best way, but at the same time makes us vulnerable to the judgment of the others; Gail Dines states that nowadays women are objectifying themselves through the obsession of how they should look, without even being aware of that; Rebecca Brown, on the other hand, uses selfies as a sort of diary to explore herself (Day, 2013). There is no right or wrong in any of these opinions, what is evident is that social media put us in the centre of the universe, as the journalist Kate Loss suggests (Loss, 2013), and we love it, we almost need it.

The rapid development of the new means of communication has caused a major impact on contemporary life and the psychological implications that this condition arises, are palpable. Doctor Michael Sinclair, psychologist specialized in social media, affirms that human’s craving for validation and admiration comes from some survival instinct: the more an individual is liked, the better are the chances to live longer (Sinclair, 2013). Indeed, if we think about it, our profiles are full of beautiful images, we choose to show the world only what we want it to see about ourselves. Because of that, internet has become the ultimate refuge, a virtual place where we are free to be happy and in our best shape all the time. This is a topic very familiar to professor Kristen Howerton, who, during a conference, explains how human beings process and deal with pain: when we experience bad feelings, we tend to find a way to escape them instead of facing them. Diversions are positive and healthy if used only momentarily, the real issue is when those distractions become central for our wellbeing, become an addiction. We allow them to take charge and control on our lives suppressing our emotions; if we stop feeling the bad, soon we’ll stop feeling the good too (Howerton, 2013). What this expert points out is that these internet platforms, as powerful as they are, are not necessarily bad, one only needs to balance the way he or she interacts with them. How many times during the day we open Instagram (or any other app) just because we are bored? How many times we feel the need of recording an experience instead of actually living it, as if it wouldn't really happen otherwise? We always put our mobile phone between ourselves and the reality in front of us, thinking that in this way we have control over what happen around us. In this sense, the actual image is no longer the important thing, but the gesture is. The sensation of not being only spectators in an era characterised by events that we cannot control, gives people hope and a purpose in life. Social media have the power of making people feel involved and constantly in touch with that hyperreal world which we all dream about.