#Menadione

[educritter]

Why This Ingredient 2: Vitamins

Part 2 of my series on pet and livestock feed ingredients! If you ever wondered why a certain vitamin is in something, I've got a little synopsis of what it does waiting just for you.

Did you know most animals make their own vitamin C?Photo by Diana Polekhina on Unsplash It comes as a surprise to no one that everyone needs to eat their vitamins, including the livestock out in our yards and pastures. Knowing what vitamins, and what those vitamins do, however, is another story. I’m sure you’ve taken a look at a label and wondered what on earth that vitamin is for, so I made you…

[conkersbowl]

Pro Plan Sport Turkey, Duck, Quail

Wow I did not like this formula. I fed it to the pups while they were here and I struggled with near constant soft shit. Even the adults didn't handle it well. Everyone needed probiotics and pumpkin just to have semi normal shit. That should never be a necessity. I disliked this formula so much I switched my dogs off it before I'd finished the bag and will not feed it again.

Guaranteed Analysis:

Crude Protein30.0% min

Crude Fat20.0% min

Crude Fiber3.0% max

Moisture12.0% max

518 kcal/cup

Ingredients:

Turkey, Rice, Poultry By-Product Meal, Corn Gluten Meal, Whole Grain Corn, Beef Fat Preserved With Mixed-Tocopherols, Dried Egg Product, Corn Germ Meal, Duck, Quail , Fish Meal, Natural Flavor, Fish Oil, Potassium Chloride, Calcium Carbonate, Salt, Mono And Dicalcium Phosphate, VITAMINS [Vitamin E Supplement, Niacin (Vitamin B-3), Vitamin A Supplement, Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B-5), Thiamine Mononitrate (Vitamin B-1), Vitamin B-12 Supplement, Riboflavin Supplement (Vitamin B-2), Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B-6), Folic Acid (Vitamin B-9), Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Complex (Vitamin K), Vitamin D-3 Supplement, Biotin (Vitamin B-7)], Choline Chloride, MINERALS [Zinc Sulfate, Ferrous Sulfate, Manganese Sulfate, Copper Sulfate, Calcium Iodate, Sodium Selenite], L-Lysine Monohydrochloride, Magnesium Sulfate, L-Ascorbyl-2-Polyphosphate (Vitamin C), Dried Bacillus Coagulans Fermentation Product, Garlic Oil.

[moleculardepot]

Menadione (Highly Pure)

Menadione (Highly Pure) Catalog number: B2017592 Lot number: Batch Dependent Expiration Date: Batch dependent Amount: 10 g Molecular Weight or Concentration: 172.18 g/mol Supplied as: POWDER Applications: a molecular tool for various biochemical applications Storage: RT Keywords: 2-Methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, Vitamin K3 Grade: Biotechnology grade. All products are highly pure. All solutions are…

[kerlonamazing]

K3 spark mineral

K3 SPARK MINERAL HOW TO

In fact, vitamin K2 seems to be more effective than vitamin K1 at preventing and reversing arterial calcifications that lead to heart-related problems.While vitamin K1 is found in plant foods that are very healthy for many reasons - such as leafy greens like spinach, kale, broccoli and cabbage - it’s vitamin K2 that seems to be most beneficial for protecting the heart.Vitamin K1 is mostly found in vegetables, while vitamin K2 is found in fermented dairy products and is also produced by the bacteria in our guts.

K3 SPARK MINERAL HOW TO

Here’s a breakdown of the different types of vitamin K and how to get them from vitamin K foods or dietary supplements: Vitamin K1 is also called phytonadione, while vitamin K2 is referred to as menaquinone. Vitamin K3 is also available, which is a synthetic form known as menadione. Many people don’t realize that there is more than one type of vitamin K. There are actually two main forms of vitamin K that we acquire from our diets: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. For this reason, it’s crucial to ensure you’re including a serving or two of vitamin K-rich foods with each meal. Vitamin K deficiency is very serious and can result in easy bruising, bleeding, tooth decay and issues with bone health. If these nutrient-poor foods make up a large part of your diet, it could mean you may not get enough dietary sources of this key vitamin. Ultra-processed foods and refined sugars, on the other hand, are foods with a minimal amounts of vitamin K. This is because it’s plentiful in healthy whole foods. On a healthy, well-balanced diet, a deficiency of vitamin K is rare. It is also produced by the beneficial bacteria in your gut microbiome. Vitamin K1 is the most common source that is present primarily in plant foods like leafy greens. Vitamin K2, on the other hand, is found in animal products and fermented foods.įoods high in this vitamin include meat, dairy and natto. Vitamin K is an important nutrient that plays a role in everything from bone metabolism to blood sugar control. It’s broken down into two main types: vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin K2 (menaquinone). Keep reading to find out what you need to know about vitamin K foods and how you can ensure that you get enough in your diet. Getting a good amount of vitamin K from dietary sources is integral to health, and a deficiency can result in a long list of health problems. It can also be found in certain types of fruit, meat and dairy, and it is even produced inside your own body by your good gut bacteria. This essential micronutrient isn’t just found in greens, though. Oh yes, they also help keep vitamin K deficiency at bay. Not only that, but vitamin K foods can also promote proper blood clot formation and support one health. Ready for yet another reason to eat your veggies? Foods like leafy greens and veggies, including broccoli and cabbage, are loaded with vitamin K, an important nutrient that’s been associated with improved insulin levels, a reduced risk of cancer and protection against heart disease.

[didanawisgi]

Apocynin Is Not an Inhibitor of Vascular NADPH Oxidases but an Antioxidant

Abstract

A large body of literature suggest that vascular reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases are important sources of reactive oxygen species. Many studies, however, relied on data obtained with the inhibitor apocynin (4′-hydroxy-3′methoxyacetophenone). Because the mode of action of apocynin, however, is elusive, we determined its mechanism of inhibition on vascular NADPH oxidases. In HEK293 cells overexpressing NADPH oxidase isoforms (Nox1, Nox2, or Nox4), apocynin failed to inhibit superoxide anion generation detected by lucigenin chemiluminescence. In contrast, apocynin interfered with the detection of reactive oxygen species in assay systems selective for hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radicals. Importantly, apocynin interfered directly with the detection of peroxides but not superoxide, if generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase or nonenzymatic systems. In leukocytes, apocynin is a prodrug that is activated by myeloperoxidase, a process that results in the formation of apocynin dimers. Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells failed to form these dimers and, therefore, are not able to activate apocynin. Dimer formation was, however, observed in Nox-overexpressing HEK293 cells when myeloperoxidase was supplemented. As a consequence, apocynin should only inhibit NADPH oxidase in leukocytes, whereas in vascular cells, the compound could act as an antioxidant. Indeed, in vascular smooth muscle cells, the activation of the redox-sensitive kinases p38-mitogen-activate protein kinase, Akt, and extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2 by hydrogen peroxide and by the intracellular radical generator menadione was prevented in the presence of apocynin. These observations indicate that apocynin predominantly acts as an antioxidant in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and should not be used as an NADPH oxidase inhibitor in vascular systems.

[flock-talk]

What are your thoughts about Mazuri pellets?

https://www.mazuri.com/bird/small-bird/small-bird-25lb?viewState=DetailView&cartID=&portalUser=&store=&cclcl=en_US

I wouldn’t choose it for my birds personally. A lot of corn filler, and a load of soybean. Wheat middling isn’t the worst ingredient but not the finest choice either (when compared to a heartier grain option like barley). Menadione sodium bisulphate I’ve talked about before, not necessarily a bad ingredient but there’s been issues with it giving mammals liver problems so it’s something to be aware of. After that it’s all chemical compositions of minerals which again, aren’t bad ingredients and every good pellet should have some added minerals to ensure consistent nutrition but being that we don’t actually know how well a parrot’s body absorbs these forms of the nutrients I generally prefer pellets that have a mix of both veggie-sourced vitamins and minerals as well as synthetic.

https://flock-talk.tumblr.com/post/122953525713/do-you-have-a-list-of-best-to-worst-pellet-brands

[greatskinandlife]

A soft brightening hydrating wash off mask from Korea containing retinol. It helps to calm and brighten those red pigmentation acne scars. Here is a review on Jumiso All day Vitamin Nourishing&Recharging wash off mask https://youtu.be/snzA5cSNqaw Ingredients talk: Ingredients: Water, Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract, Glucose, Carbomer, Citrus Lemon Peel Powder, Fragrance, Sclerotium Gum, Tromethamine, Fructose, Sodium Polyacrylate, Xantan Gum, Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Dextrin, Theobroma Cacao Seed Extract, Corallina Officinalis Extract, Hippophae Rhamnoides Extract, Tocopherol, Biotin, Cyanocobalamin, Folic Acid, Niacinamide, Thiamine HCI, Bioflavonoids, Glutathione, Linoleic Acid, Menadione, Retinol Paraben free, sulfate free, alcohol free, Eu allergen free, silicone free. Not fungal-acne safe (malassezia). The ingredient Linoleic Acid which is almost the end of the ingredient list. The rest the ingredients are for hydration, emulsifier, texture, pH adjusting, fragrance and preservatives. More on my blog and youtube link. Gifted by @wynora and @jumiso_global #jumiso #jumisomalaysia #jumisoalldayvitamin #kbeauty #korea #korean #kbeautyskincare #kbeautyblogger #blogger #youtube #beauty #skincareproducts #skincareroutine #acne #abbeatthealgorithm #beautyreview #beautyinfluencer #vitaminc #malaysia #abcommunity #rasianbeauty https://www.instagram.com/p/CJORxwHnB7L/?igshid=a6fyz4ljv6ie

[fbwzoo]

What do you think about the cat food brand Tiki Cat? Is it good? I can't look at a full list of ingredients because I've only seen it on Chewy

Here’s their website, if you can view it (not sure if it’s accessible on mobile) - http://www.tikipets.com/tiki-cat/

I’m a bit on the fence. They have great ingredients in their foods and they have a LOT of options! But it weirds me out a bit how many of their foods have only fish or include fish. I’m not wholly against feeding fish to cats as an ingredient in a good food or as an occasional treat in the diet, but @catsindoors has some info on food (http://catsindoors.tumblr.com/carefaq) that mentions some concerns with feeding fish to cats, especially as the main part of their diet. 

However, I really like the fact that most of their canned foods are literally just meat + vitamin/mineral supplements, without a lot of unnecessary extras to bulk it up. IMO, that’s ideal for cats (barring specific health issues that might have other requirements).

I did look at their foods as an option for Ebony, but she didn’t like the one fish flavor I got from the vet’s office, and I decided against the After Dark line partially due to price.

One other thing that I’ll mention because it was another factor in why I decided against the After Dark foods… they do use vitamin K3, aka menadione, as one of their supplements, and they do have it listed as just “vitamin K3 supplement” instead of menadione sodium bisulfite, as most other pet foods list it, and I honestly wonder if that’s an attempt to avoid notice by people looking to avoid it by that name. It may not be & may just be a different name use, so that’s totally up in the air. It just struck me as odd, is all, since every other food I’ve seen with it does have it listed under the long name.

But personally, I avoid foods that have it as there are other options & I’m a bit leery of it due to potential health concerns with it. There’s nothing solid, no definite links from it to health issues with dogs/cats, hence why I’m not immediately saying to avoid it - I think it’s more of a personal choice at this point. This post discusses more, if you’re curious - http://www.dogfoodproject.com/index.php?page=menadione

[phenolph-thalein]

Vitamin K

Vitamin K1 - Phylloquinone

Vitamin K2 - Menaquinone-4

Vitamin K3 - Menadione

[narelleart]

I’m on a “reassess all my pets’ diets” kick at the moment and I’m being reminded that commercial crested gecko diets pretty much suck. :/

I was reexamining the foods I feed Spud and there’s a ton of foods that just don’t contain bugs at all. There is never a time of year that a crested gecko should not be eating insects. So I either need to mix those with foods that do contain more bugs or relegate them to treat territory.

This is frustrating. I really wish I had the resources, funding, and know how to formulate my own balanced diets for him because there are none that I am 100% happy with. Unfortunately, the healthiest I’ve found he hates.

I’m going to toss my assessments of the foods under a readmore here:

Key:

Red text means its an ingredient I don’t like - either a filler, an inappropriate protein substitute, or straight sugar he doesn’t need.

Green Text is bugs. If a food does not contain bugs anywhere on the ingredient list, it should not be fed by itself as a meal.

Purple text is fruit, pollen, honey, or flowers. These belong in a crested gecko’s diet, but should not make up the majority of it. I follow a seasonal rotation of food availability based on what would be available to his species in the wild and try to vary the amount of fruits/flowers in his foods accordingly.

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Pangea

Watermelon

Dried Watermelon, Whey Protein Isolate, Dried Banana, Dried Mango, Rice Bran, Dried Egg, Micellar Casein, Lecithin, Dried Coconut, Calcium Carbonate, Di-Calcium Phosphate, Bee Pollen, Algae Meal, Potassium Sorbate, Xanthan Gum, Beet Juice Powder, Dried Aspergillus niger fermentation extract, Dried Aspergillus Oryzae fermentation extract, Dried Bifidobacterium bifidum fermentation extract, Dried Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation extract, Mixed Tocopherols, Choline Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Ferrous Fumarate, Beta Carotene, Inositol, Niacin, Kelp Meal, Ascorbic Acid, Cholecalciferol (D3), Riboflavin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin A, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Folic Acid, Sulfur, Zinc Oxide, Vitamin B12.

Assessment: This food entirely lacks bugs so I will no longer offer it as a standalone meal. It contains more fillers and inappropriate protein sources than I’d like as well, so I may weed it out of Spud’s diet entirely. We’ll see. He’s a fan of this one and not often food motivated, so perhaps it will become a treat for behaving well for handling?

With Insects

Dried Banana, Micellar Casein, Dried Apricot, Insect Meal, Dried Papaya, Rice Bran, Calcium Carbonate, Di-Calcium Phosphate, Dried Coconut, Vegetable Oil, Ground Flaxseed, Lecithin, Algae Meal, Potassium Sorbate, Xanthan Gum, Dried Aspergilus niger fermentation extract, Dried Aspergilus oryzae fermentation extract, Dried Bifidobacterium bifidum fermentation extract, Dried Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation extract, Mixed Tocopherols, Choline Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Ferrous Fumurate, Beta Carotene, Inositol, Niacin, Kelp Meal, Ascorbic Acid, Cholecalciferol (D3) Riboflavin, Thiamine mononitrate, Vitamin A, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Folic Acid, Sulfur, Zinc Oxide, Vitamin B12

Assessment: This isn’t the greatest food, I don’t like seeing alternative protein sources higher than insects in the list, but it does at least contain insects so I intend to leave it in the rotation for now to ensure I’m offering a good variety of foods and don’t omit every food he actually enjoys eating.

Apricot

Dried Banana, Dried Apricot, Micellar Casein, Dried Egg, Whey Protein Isolate, Calcium Carbonate, Di-Calcium Phosphate, Lecithin, Oat Fiber, Algae Meal, Potassium Sorbate, Xanthan Gum, Dried Aspergillus niger fermentation extract, Dried Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract, Dried Bifidobacterium bifidum fermentation extract, Dried Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation extract, Mixed Tocopherols, Choline Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Ferrous Fumarate, Beta Carotene, Inositol, Niacin, Kelp Meal, Ascorbic Acid, Cholecalciferol (D3), Riboflavin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin A, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Folic Acid, Sulfur, Zinc Oxide, Vitamin B12.

Assessment: This is possibly Spud’s favorite food and wow is it junk. Only two actual fruits and tons of fillers and weird proteins. I might keep it as a treat or to mix into healthier foods he hates just because he loves it so much, but it is really terrible quality food.

Fig & Insects

Organic Dried Mango, Dried Apricot, Insect Meal, Micellar Casein, Organic Dried Fig, Organic Natural Fig Flavor, Calcium Carbonate, Di-Calcium Phosphate, Organic Natural Berry Flavor, Ground Flaxseed, Lecithin, Algae Meal, MalicAcid, Potassium Sorbate, Xanthan Gum, Mixed Tocopherols, Choline Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Ferrous Fumarate, Beta Carotene, Inositol, Niacin, Kelp Meal, Ascorbic Acid, Cholecalciferol (D3), Riboflavin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin A, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Folic Acid, Sulfur, Zinc Oxide, Vitamin B12.

Assessment: This one’s not bad! Only one ingredient I particularly dislike, and its lower than the insect meal and most of the fruit sources. I’m comfortable with this in Spud’s food rotation as one of his more fruit-heavy foods.

Papaya

Dried Banana, Dried Papaya, Rice Bran, Micellar Casein, Whey Protein Isolate, Dried Egg, Calcium Carbonate, Di-Calcium Phosphate, Lecithin, Algae Meal, Potassium Sorbate, Xanthan Gum, Dried Aspergillus niger fermentation extract, Dried Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract, Dried Bifidobacterium bifidum fermentation extract, Dried Lactobacilus acidophilus fermentation extract, Mixed Tocopherols, Choline Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Ferrous Fumarate, Beta Carotene, Inositol, Niacin, Kelp Meal, Ascorbic Acid, Cholecalciferol (D3), Riboflavin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin A, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Folic Acid, Sulfur, Zinc Oxide, Vitamin B12.

Assessment: Like the apricot, this one’s junk, and he’s not so stuck on it that I feel the need to keep it in the mix. I’m currently out of it anyways, so I’ll just not buy it again.

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Repashy

Crested Gecko Diet

Dried Banana, Dried Date, Pea Protein, Rice Protein, Dried Fig, Stabilized Rice Bran, Coconut Meal, Ground Flaxseed, Dried Mango, Cane Molasses, Lecithin, Algae Meal, Calcium Carbonate, Dicalcium Phosphate,  Taurine, Dried Kelp, Dried Watermelon, RoseHips, Hibiscus Flower, Marigold Flower, Paprika, Turmeric, Citric Acid, Salt, Calcium Propionate and Potassium Sorbate (as preservatives), Natural Flavor, Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate, Zinc Methionine Hydroxy Analogue Chelate, Manganese Methionine HydroxyAnalogue Chelate, Copper Methionine Hydroxy Analogue Chelate, Selenium Yeast. Vitamins: (Vitamin A Supplement, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Calcium L-Ascorbyl-2-Monophosphate, Vitamin E Supplement, Niacin, Beta Carotene, Pantothenic Acid, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Thiamine Mononitrate, Folic Acid, Biotin, Vitamin B-12 Supplement, Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Complex).

Assessment: This one is another junk food, but can I just point out that there is molasses in here? The food has enough fruit sugars, it doesn’t need extra sugar. Wow this is unhealthy. Unfortunately, like Pangea’s apricot flavor, this is a favorite so I probably need to keep it around as a treat or a way to get him to eat healthier foods.

Grubs’n’Fruit

Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal, Dried Banana, Dried Date, Dried Mango, Coconut Meal, Pea Protein, Rice Protein, Stabilized Rice Bran, Ground Flaxseed, Cane Molasses, Lecithin, Algae Meal, Calcium Carbonate, Dicalcium Phosphate, Taurine, Dried Kelp, Dried Watermelon, Rose Hips, Hibiscus Flower, Marigold Flower, Paprika, Turmeric, Citric Acid, Salt, Calcium Propionate and Potassium Sorbate (as preservatives), Natural Flavor, Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate, Zinc Methionine Hydroxy Analogue Chelate, Manganese Methionine Hydroxy Analogue Chelate, Copper Methionine Hydroxy Analogue Chelate. Vitamins: (Vitamin A Supplement, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Calcium L-Ascorbyl-2-Monophosphate, Vitamin E Supplement, Niacin, Beta Carotene, Pantothenic Acid, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Thiamine Mononitrate, Folic Acid, Biotin, Vitamin B-12 Supplement, Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Complex).

Assessment: This one however is a decent food! Insects at the top of the list! It still contains molasses, which I’m not happy about, and more alternative protein sources than I’d like, but for what’s available this is pretty solid.

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Black Panther Zoological

Color Bomb

Insect protein powder, brown rice flour, dried honey powder, calcium citrate, strawberry powder, apple pectin, banana powder, xanthan gum, atlantic kelp powder, beet root, choline citrate, dried hibiscus flower, niacin, vitamin e, carrot, paprika, inositol, pantothenic acid, potassium sorbate, riboflavin, beta carotene, thiamine mononitrate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, biotin, cholecalciferol (d3)*, vitamin b12

Assessment: My only complaint (nutritionally) with any of BPZ’s foods is the rice flour. Its a filler, makes it a weird consistency, and its way too high on the list for my liking. That aside, these are hands down the healthiest foods I’ve found. Problem is, Spud hates them. So I’m going to make more of an effort to cut them with some of his junk foods he likes to convince him to eat them, I guess.

Melonistic

Insect protein powder, brown rice flour, honey powder, cantaloupe, calcium  citrate, apple pectin,  beet root, carrot, dried  hibiscus flower, spirulina, xanthan gum, atlantic kelp powder, vitamin  e, choline citrate, niacin, inositol, panthothenic acid, potassium sorbate,  riboflavin, beta carotene, thiamine mononitrate, pyroxidine hydrochloride,  folic acid, biotin, cholecalciferol (d3)*, vitamin b12.

Assessment: See Color Bomb.

Original

Insect protein powder, brown rice flour, dried honey powder, mango, calcium citrate, banana, xanthan gum, atlantic kelp powder, guava, spirulina algae, carrot, choline citrate, dried hibiscus flower, niacin, vitamin e, papaya, beet root, inositol, pantothenic acid, potassium sorbate, riboflavin, beta carotene, thiamine mononitrate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, biotin, cholecalciferol (d3)* vitamin b12

Assessment: See Color Bomb.

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Final Notes:

I labelled ingredients I liked and disliked off the top of my head. This was not as thorough an analysis as it could have been as I didn’t double check any of the ingredients. I am side eyeing all the algae pretty hard, but it may be one of the ingredients included as a source of important nutrients so I didn’t want to black mark it purely on a baseless bias against algae in an arboreal gecko’s diet. Similarly, some of the items I did mark as positive ingredients are definitely included to achieve the necessary nutrient balance, not for being species appropriate, but I highlighted them anyways because they are analogs of the species’ natural diet and I like to see them included. (The flowers are commonly used as ingredients to achieve specific nutrient contents, apple pectin is just a source of fiber.)

I included eggs as a protein source I’m not happy with here, because they do not naturally occur as a significant portion of a crested gecko’s natural diet, based on information I’ve uncovered about them in the past. However, I believe they might occur in other New Caledonian geckos’ diets, so if you are using these foods on one of those species that ingredient isn’t necessarily a bad thing for you. You should just keep in mind how much of that diet would be egg and adjust how much you feed those foods accordingly.

Finally, I really enjoy doing these diet assessments and can only look at my own pets’ foods so many times before I run out of things to tinker with. If you would like me to break down a food you feed or are considering for your pets, let me know! I’d be happy to help. Just note that I can only speak to what is specifically appropriate for cats, fishes, and some reptiles. I’m less knowledgeable about the diets of other species, but I can give it a go if you need help.

[conkersbowl]

Pro Plan Sport Beef and Bison Like most of the other sport formulas, I generally liked this and didn’t have much to complain about except the price. I did not feed this to Cinder as she seems to get acid reflux on the sport formulas from this brand. Guaranteed Analysis: Crude Protein30.0% min Crude Fat20.0% min Crude Fiber3.0% max Moisture12.0% max 489 kcal/cup Ingredients: Beef, Rice, Poultry By-Product Meal, Corn Gluten Meal, Whole Grain Corn, Beef Fat Preserved With Mixed-Tocopherols, Dried Egg Product, Corn Germ Meal, Bison, Fish Meal, Natural Flavor, Fish Oil, Soybean Oil, Potassium Chloride, Calcium Carbonate, Salt, VITAMINS [Vitamin E Supplement, Niacin (Vitamin B-3), Vitamin A Supplement, Calcium Pantothenate (Vitamin B-5), Thiamine Mononitrate (Vitamin B-1), Vitamin B-12 Supplement, Riboflavin Supplement (Vitamin B-2), Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B-6), Folic Acid (Vitamin B-9), Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Complex (Vitamin K), Vitamin D-3 Supplement, Biotin (Vitamin B-7)], Mono And Dicalcium Phosphate, Choline Chloride, MINERALS [Zinc Sulfate, Ferrous Sulfate, Manganese Sulfate, Copper Sulfate, Calcium Iodate, Sodium Selenite], Magnesium Sulfate, DL-Methionine, L-Lysine Monohydrochloride, Taurine, L-Ascorbyl-2-Polyphosphate (Vitamin C), Dried Bacillus Coagulans Fermentation Product, Garlic Oil.

[gellidiumcartilagineum]

📎Vitamin D

📍Vitamin D2: Ergocalciferol

📍Vitamin D3: Cholecalciferol

📎Vitamin K

📍K1: Phytomenadione

📍K2: Phenylmenaquinone

📍K3: Menadione

📍K4: Menadione

📎Vitamin B: TaRa Na PaPy B Feeling Close

📍B1 - Thiamine

📍B2 - Riboflavin

📍B3 - Niacin

📍B5 - Pantothenic acid

📍B6 - Pyridoxine (tx: iodine poisoning)

📍B7 - Biotin

📍B9 - Folic acid

📍B12 - Cobalamin

[ahmed25646]

What vitamins to give a baby?

What vitamins to give a baby?

Vitamin K, essential for having a healthy baby Vitamin K plays an important role in blood coagulation and bone metabolism in children. It’s a fat soluble vitamin, that is, it needs lipids to dissolve. There are three types of vitamin K: vitamin K1 (or phylloquinone), of vegetable origin; vitamin K2 (or menaquinone), of animal origin; vitamin K3 (or menadione), of synthetic origin. Vitamin K1 is…

[healthyboody]

Does Vitamin K2 Cause Weight Loss?

Vitamin K2 doesn’t get as much attention as some of the other vitamins, but it can still be an incredibly helpful vitamin to have in your system. Vitamin K2, or menaquinone, helps the body with calcium absorption and keeps our bones healthy and strong, among other benefits. But does vitamin K2 cause weight loss? Is that something that this vitamin can help us achieve? You might be surprised to learn that there are many health benefits associated with vitamin K2 that have nothing to do with weight loss at all!

Vitamin K2 Deficiency Leads to Obesity

People who are deficient in vitamin K2 may have a higher risk of obesity, according to a study published in Nutrients. Previous research has found that certain strains of bacteria can improve our metabolism and weight by converting plant compounds into more beneficial compounds called short-chain fatty acids. But people with insufficient levels of vitamin K may be missing out on some of these potential benefits because their gut flora is lacking. To solve their problem, they need not only food high in vitamin K2 but also an adequate amount of short-chain fatty acids produced by beneficial bacteria for optimum weight management. The takeaway here is that you should make sure you’re getting enough vitamin k in your diet as well as short-chain fatty acids from fermented foods or probiotics.

The Link Between Low Vitamin K and Bone Health

Because vitamin K is responsible for activating several proteins that play a role in bone health, low levels of vitamin K can lead to weaker bones. This may explain why studies have found lower bone mineral density in people with vitamin K deficiencies. Another study noted that people with low blood levels of vitamin K were at an increased risk for fractures and slipped spinal discs. These findings aren’t surprising when you consider how integral vitamin K is to bones and other aspects of overall health; it activates more than three dozen different proteins, which means there are many health problems associated with a deficiency. Low levels are linked to heart disease, cancer, autoimmune diseases like lupus and multiple sclerosis, stroke, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and more.

How Much Do I Need?

Before you go supplement shopping, it’s important to know just how much vitamin K2 you need. The recommended daily intake (RDI) for vitamin K is 100 micrograms per day, but recommendations vary. Pregnant women should get 90 micrograms of vitamin K per day, while breastfeeding mothers need 115 micrograms each day. Taking more than your body needs can lead to a negative impact on health so make sure you’re keeping an eye on your levels.

Where Can I Get It From?

Like other vitamins, vitamin K2 is essential for a wide range of biological processes, from proper cell functioning to bone health. The vitamin can be found in several foods, including cheese and meat. Several vegetarian sources are also good sources of vitamin K2, including soybean oil and natto (fermented soybeans). It's also available as a supplement through many online retailers. There's no conclusive evidence that any dietary source is more effective than others in causing weight loss—so they're all worth trying out! If you have problems taking supplements or eating certain foods because of allergies or dietary restrictions, consult your doctor before beginning a new diet program.

Five Foods Rich in Vitamin K2 (And Five That Aren’t)

Get those blood clots out of your heart, arteries, and lungs with vitamin K2. It’s been shown to lower bad cholesterol, reduce mortality in heart attack patients, and even help combat cancer. While you can find plenty of foods rich in vitamin K1—leafy greens, bell peppers—the natural form of vitamin K is a mixture of three different vitamins: K1 (phylloquinone), which is found in leafy greens; K2 (menaquinone), which is primarily found in fermented dairy products; and K3 (menadione). Only two foods naturally contain enough menaquinone for optimal health: cheese and natto, an unappetizing Japanese food made from fermented soybeans.

Side Effects of High Dosage

An interesting study looked at middle-aged, obese women who were also taking cholesterol medications known as statins. The researchers found that vitamin K2 can block some of these statins’ effects, resulting in increased levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or bad cholesterol. The dosage used in one study was 4 g a day and while no serious side effects occurred, it may be wise to reduce your dosage if you are also on a statin. Be sure to discuss any supplements with your doctor before beginning treatment.

[flock-talk]

Hi! Can you do a review on Psittacus pellets? Like your opinion on their pellets. Thanks!

So I had to go through four different websites and ended up only being able to find the ingredients listed on a forum. That’s an immediate red flag to me, if a company won’t stand behind their own formulas and want you to know what you’re feeding that’s generally suspicious.

Their website only states the guaranteed analysis, which is great, but it doesn’t actually tell you what their food is made of. Most places only list this:

Which is so unbelievably vague! “Products and by-Products of cereal grains” what ones? How much? Why are the by-products even necessary? So many questions!

So eventually I find someone who posted a picture of the package on an online forum

I don’t love it, the first five ingredients tend to be what you look at most since they make up the bulk of the pellet. Here we have corn, soybean meal, wheat, rice, sunflower oil.

Corn is nutritionless and just added as a filler, it basically just takes up space so birds have to eat substantially more of the food to get the same amount of nutrition they would get from a filler-less food.

Soybean meal, a debated ingredient as is and a “meal” is basically like saying very nutrient-dense soy to put it simply. So a very dense high quantity of a debated ingredient. It’s debated because if they aren’t cooked right they are toxic, their nutrient values aren’t really all that great/ there’s other non-toxic foods you can use instead to get the same values. And there’s some debate on its impact on hormone regulation being cause for hormonal aggression, plucking, and egg laying.

Wheat, nothing wrong with it? It’s pretty standard. Not as great as having something richer like barley or rye up there instead but it does it’s job.

Rice, doesn’t say what kind so that generally defaults it to being white rice which is largely nutritionless again. If it was a brown or field rice we’d be looking a bit healthier but it doesn’t really say. Pretty much same points as the corn.

Sunflower oil. Nothing inherently wrong, it is very high on the list. Keeping in mind that this package states it’s for breeder birds it does make sense for it to be a bit fattier so I got nothing majorly against it in this context. For their maintenance blends I would hope to see more wholesome grains or veggies starting at this point in this list. But I cannot find those ingredients lists so I can’t say if that’s the case.

Moving down the list I get a bit looser with what I’m looking for, more just red flags and things that may be missing.

Vitamin k3- they don’t state exactly where it’s from, there is a synthetic form of k3 that’s called Menadione sodium bisulfite which has caused Liver problems, allergic reactions, and anemia in mammals, not many studies on this with avians though and I haven’t found anything specifically saying it’s caused issues but it is just something to be aware of.

Vitamin d3 is very last, it’s a very important vitamin for (well almost any animal really). Having good D, calcium, and Phosphorus ratios are critical for development. In parrots it can greatly affect hormonal changes, nutrient synthesis, preen gland regulation. Without it the body can’t properly synthesize calcium which makes up feathers, scales, beaks, nails. Just because it’s at the end doesn’t mean there isn’t enough there, there’s just no specific answer for how much there is and because it is so low it is cause for some concern.

Vitamin A is also quite low which is needed for good immune health, feather quality, respiratory health and a lot of other stuff that I’m not gonna get in to right now. Again they don’t say exactly how much there is, it’s just oddly low but I can’t say if there is a good amount of not just by an order of ingredients.

General statement that all the nutrients for this food are synthetic or extracted, while there’s nothing inherently wrong with that we don’t presently know if parrots’ bodies absorb the nutrients the same in these forms. For the most part you want to see natural sources like vegetables because we know their body can absorb the nutrients in that state. Having a balance of both tends to be ideal.

Really it covers its bases, almost all pellets start with corn and soy I only found three that don’t (GoldenFeaat Golden Obles, Caitec Oven Fresh Bites, Totally Organics Pellets). So Psittacus is looking to be pretty standard amongst most brands. It doesn’t have added sugars, colours, major preservatives, didn’t list by-products on the actual package. I’d put it in the middle of the pack for pellets. Not as high quality as some, but not as terrible as some of the things that are out there. It covers its bases for as far as we know and does seem to have base nutrition needed. There’s just a bit more uncertainty and a bit more filler than would be totally ideal.