#Nanoindentation

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Study reveals inconsistency in nanoindentation testing using different Berkovich indenters

Nanoindentation testing is a high-precision instrumented indentation test technique that has the advantages of non-destructive testing and simplicity. However, researchers found that when testing the same sample with different Berkovich indenters, inconsistency still arises even if the indenters are regularly calibrated. This inconsistency poses challenges in accurately testing material hardness and comparing data from different laboratories. In a study published in the Journal of Materials Research and Technology, researchers from the Materials Research Center of the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) reported that using different Berkovich indenters for nanoindentation testing, excluding fused silica, yields inconsistent results, and they analyzed the reasons behind this inconsistency. The researchers identified two main factors contributing to the inconsistent experimental results, i.e., defects in the indenter tip and the indentation size effect.

Read more.

[igminresearch]

Progress in Nanoindentation Technology: How High-Precision Positioners Drive Innovation in Research and Industry

Introduction

In the world of nanoindentation, the need for precision, accuracy, and innovation is greater than ever. One of the most promising advancements in this field has been the development of a high-precision positioner with a large stroke capability, designed specifically for use inside a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) chamber. The design and capabilities of this new system, as discussed in a recent study, have major implications for various industries, from materials science to biomedical engineering.

Advancing Nanoindentation Devices: A New Design for Precision and Capability

Nanoindentation is a process that involves applying a force to a material to measure its mechanical properties at the micro and nanoscale. This method is widely used in materials science, particularly in the evaluation of hardness, modulus, and friction of thin films and coatings. Traditionally, nanoindentation systems inside SEM chambers were limited by the size and displacement range of the positioning devices. To achieve deeper penetration into materials, researchers often had to perform sequential indentations, adjusting the specimen position after each test. This method could lead to inaccuracies due to the limitations of traditional positioners, which could result in unwanted lateral forces and variations in test outcomes.

To address these challenges, a novel fine positioner with a large stroke capability has been proposed. The new design incorporates a piezoelectric actuator system, which offers fine motion control at the micro and nanometer scale, allowing for precise adjustments without the need for sequential position corrections. This breakthrough enables a single indentation process to penetrate deeply into tall or large-scale specimens, such as Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube (VACNT) arrays. The improved positioning system enhances the reliability and accuracy of nanoindentation tests, paving the way for more consistent results in material property evaluations.

Sensors Journal Submission: Bringing New Innovations to the Forefront

As the field of nanoindentation advances, sensors journal submission becomes increasingly important. Academic journals focused on sensors and materials science provide a platform for researchers to share their findings, allowing for the dissemination of new ideas and technologies that can have a wide-reaching impact. Submitting research to these specialized journals helps establish credibility and fosters collaboration within the scientific community. The new positioner design and its potential applications in nanoindentation devices are a perfect example of how journal submission can facilitate the exchange of knowledge, bringing cutting-edge technologies to the attention of researchers, engineers, and industry professionals.

Open Access Publishing for Sensors: Expanding Access to Breakthrough Research

The primary benefit of open access publishing is that it removes financial barriers, making important research accessible to a broader audience. For example, a study on a new positioner design published in an open-access journal would be available to scientists, engineers, and even entrepreneurs around the world who are interested in improving the performance of nanoindentation systems. Open access ensures that these innovations are not restricted to those who can afford expensive journal subscriptions, enabling a more inclusive scientific community.

Peer-Reviewed Sensors Journals: Ensuring Quality and Rigor in Research

One of the key aspects of any scientific journal is the peer-review process. In fields like nanoindentation and sensor technology, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of research is critical, especially when new technologies are being developed. Peer-reviewed sensors journals provide a platform for validating innovations and ensuring that they meet the highest standards of scientific rigor. The peer-review process involves experts in the field carefully evaluating research papers, assessing their methodology, data analysis, and conclusions.

Publishing in peer-reviewed sensors journals adds a layer of credibility to the research, making it more likely to be recognized and cited by other scientists and engineers. It also helps identify potential flaws in the research or areas for improvement, contributing to the refinement of the technology. For example, the study on the high-precision positioner for nanoindentation devices has undergone peer review to ensure that the design is sound and that the results are reproducible. This rigorous evaluation process provides confidence in the research and its potential applications in the real world.

In addition to validating the research, peer-reviewed journals also help foster collaboration and discussion among experts. By publishing in these journals, researchers contribute to the ongoing dialogue in the scientific community, sharing their findings and discussing potential future directions for the technology. This collaborative approach drives innovation and ensures that the latest breakthroughs are built upon by others in the field.

Applications of the High-Precision Positioner in Research and Industry

The development of a high-precision positioner with a large stroke capability opens up a range of possibilities in both research and industry. In the field of nanoindentation, this new technology allows for more accurate measurements of mechanical properties in materials, especially those with complex morphologies, such as VACNT arrays. By enabling deeper penetration in a single indentation, the positioner eliminates the need for multiple sequential indentations, which can lead to inaccuracies and variations in results.

Beyond nanoindentation, this technology has the potential to impact a wide range of applications in materials science, mechanical engineering, and manufacturing. For example, the ability to measure the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes and other nanomaterials with high precision could lead to the development of stronger, lighter materials for use in aerospace, automotive, and energy applications. Additionally, the positioner design could be applied to biomechanical testing of materials like collagen fibers, which are crucial in the study of human bones, blood vessels, and tissues.

Conclusion The development of a high-precision positioner for nanoindentation devices marks a significant advancement in the field of materials science and sensor technology. By enabling deeper and more accurate penetration into materials, this technology improves the precision of nanoindentation tests and enhances our understanding of the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. The importance of open access publishing for sensors cannot be overstated in advancing this technology, as they provide the platforms for sharing knowledge, ensuring quality, and accelerating innovation. With its potential to revolutionize research in materials science, biomechanics, and beyond, this new positioner design is poised to make a lasting impact on industries worldwide.

[kernelfield]

Biomineral Armor Now Disponible for Deployable Security

Utilizing the epicuticle that catalyzes biomineral nucleation and growth, we managed, In situ nanoindentation, to create a biomineral layer that significantly hardens the polyorganic exoskeleton.

PROS: Regrowing armour you can wear during shoot outs!

CONS:

THE ANTS WANTS TO WEAR YOU TOO

[crimsonpublishers]

Creep and Fatigue Performance of Partial Vapor Conditioned Asphalt Binder_Crimson Publishers

Creep and Fatigue Performance of Partial Vapor Conditioned Asphalt Binder by Mohammad Hossain* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals 

Films of asphalt binders were prepared and partially vapor-conditioned in enclosed chambers at 25% Relative Humidity (RH), 49%RH, and 71%RH. Creep nanoindentation tests were performed on the partial vapor-conditioned asphalt film samples. The creep nanoindentation data were fitted using Burgers model. The Burgers model showed that the elasticity of the asphalt binder increases and viscosity decreases with the increase of RH%. Creep nanoindentation test data is used to understand fatigue performance of asphalt binder at the partial vapor conditioned situation. Finite Element Method (FEM) models are developed to examine the fatigue performance of the asphalt binder. Simulations are run using the spring and dashpot elements of Burgers model as the FEM inputs. Fatigue simulation indicates that an increase in binder viscosity would reduce permanent deformation in the asphalt binder. 

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[mayu-miyazaki]

I'm going into food coma...just for a while before work #donuts #doughnutsfroma #krapfen #ミスド #日吉 #慶應 #nanoindentation #indent #ナノインデンター #nano #imicro

[spaceexp]

Driving diamond into asteroid dust helps model planetary defence test

ESA - Hera Mission logo. 19 September 2019 A trio of dust grains retrieved from an asteroid by Japan’s Hayabusa mission have helped model a grand-scale planetary defence experiment that could one day save Earth.

NASA's DART impacting asteroid

Diamond-tipped nanoindenter A paper published in the Astronomy & Astrophysics scientific journal this week reports on ‘nanoindenter’ testing of a trio of asteroid grains returned by Hayabusa from the dusty face of the Itokawa asteroid as well as samples from the Chelyabinsk meteor that exploded over Russia in 2013. The nanoindenter, – a precision pressing tool with a pyramid-shaped diamond tip measuring just a few millionths of a millimetre – was driven into the otherworldly samples, then retracted, to measure their comparative hardness and elasticity. This testing provides a fuller picture of asteroids’ physical properties – and how one might react to the titanic impact taking place in approximately three years’ time.

Nanoindenter tip

NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirect Test is due to launch in summer 2021, to impact the smaller of the Didymos asteroid pair, in orbit between Earth and Mars, in autumn 2022. Then, in 2024, ESA’s proposed Hera mission would travel to the asteroid to perform a detailed post-impact survey. The two mission teams are working together within the Asteroid Impact Deflection Assessment collaboration, or AIDA for short. Analysing meteorites to model asteroids One problem for the two missions is that they are aiming at a largely obscure target: hundreds of millions of kilometres away in space, the asteroid pair appears from the ground as no more than a single bright point – thousands of times fainter than the faintest stars visible to the naked eye. Details of their mass and orbital motion can be derived, but little of their surface conditions and make-up.

DART impact

Instead, asteroid researchers do what they can with the resources they have, including fallen meteorites. “The success of AIDA and comparable asteroid deflection efforts depends on good knowledge of the physical properties of the object to be deflected,” explains study co-author Josep M. Trigo-Rodriguez of Spain's National Research Council at the Institute of Space Sciences (CSIC-IEEC). “We had previously performed nanoindentation testing of Chelyabinsk samples, with the idea of extrapolating our results to the DART impact.

Chelyabinsk airburst

“Then came the welcome opportunity to perform comparable testing on samples of the fine surface grains known as ‘regolith’ returned by Japan’s Hayabusa sample return mission,” explains Safoura Tanbakouei, Ph.D. student at CSIC-IEEC and lead author. “This is unique unmodified material taken directly from the surface of an asteroid and brought back to Earth.” Grains from space Hayabusa was the world’s first mission to retrieve asteroid material. Beset by radiation damage and other technical problems, at one point the stricken spacecraft even crash-landed on the rubble pile Itokawa asteroid. But Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) controllers nursed the valiant spacecraft back to Earth. In 2010, after a six billion kilometre trip, Hayabusa burnt up in the atmosphere, but its heat-shielded sample container parachuted down to the Australian outback. Until scientists retrieved it, they had no idea if it actually had any asteroid samples aboard; the container seemed to be empty.

Hayabusa at Itokawa

But scraping the container’s interior followed by detailed scanning with an electron microscope revealed around 1 500 tiny particles of extraterrestrial origin. Extremely precious, these Itokawa grains have become the focus of intense scientific study around the world. Tiny testing “Their small size presented potential challenges,” adds Prof. Jordi Sort of the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). “The three grains we received are only about a thousandth of a millimetre each. By comparison our Chelyabinsk samples were a hundred times larger in scale.

Trio of asteroid dust grains

“However we still managed to test successfully, using a pyramidal indenter with a tip radius of about 50 nanometres – millionths of a millimetre – across.” The Itokawa grains provided by JAXA had been placed in resin, then polished using diamond paste before the nanoindentation process was carried out at UAB. Josep adds: “Our results reveal similar hardness for both sets of samples, but the Itokawa regolith grains possess enhanced elasticity – which has significant implications.

Dust grain after testing

“There is fine-grained regolith covering the surface of many asteroids, theoretically produced by the ongoing process of impacts on asteroid surfaces as well as flaking of rock due to temperature extremes. The summary of our findings is that these surface regolith particles are more compacted than the material beneath them – a natural consequence of their having survived long exposure times on an asteroid’s surface – indicating in turn an enhanced ability to absorb elastic energy during an impact.” Driving up dust These results offer insight into how surface regolith will respond to impacts – including DART’s impact. To quote Isaac Newton, “for every action is an equal and opposite reaction”: the more mass that is released in the opposite direction from the impact is directly proportional to the deflection that is achieved.

Aftermath of collision

“Accordingly, striking a region of higher dust should boost the efficiency of DART’s momentum transfer, compared to simply excavating subsurface material,” notes Hera’s lead scientist Patrick Michel, CNRS Director of Research of France’s Côte d'Azur Observatory, also a co-author of the study.

Infrared imaging of the impact crater

“DART’s impact will let us test our modelling of crater excavation and plume formation for real. Obviously the dimensions of the actual crater will need to be measured, which can only be achieved by a close-up look from another spacecraft – the objective of ESA’s Hera mission.”

Hera: ESA’s planetary defence mission

The Hera mission will be presented to ESA’s Space19+ meeting this November as part of the Agency's Space Safety programme, where Europe’s space ministers will take a final decision on flying the mission. Related links: ESA’s Space19+ meeting: http://blogs.esa.int/space19plus/ Space Safety: https://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Safety Astronomy & Astrophysics: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2019/09/aa35380-19/aa35380-19.html Hera: http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Safety/Hera DART website: http://dart.jhuapl.edu/ CSIC-IEEC: https://www.ice.csic.es/en/home UAB: http://www.uab.es/ OCA - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur: https://www-n.oca.eu/michel/AIDA/ Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics, Technical University of Braunschweig: http://www.igep.tu-braunschweig.de/index_en.php Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University: http://www.es.tohoku.ac.jp/EN/ School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary, University of London: https://www.qmul.ac.uk/spa/ Animation, Images, Video, Text, Credits: ESA/Bruker/NASA/Johns Hopkins APL/M. Ahmetvaleev/AXA/ISAS/ICE-CSIC, UAB/Science Office. Greetings, Orbiter.ch Full article

[majordallows]

REPORT SI0001: Freighter 2716

SPECIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT SI0001: SUBJECT: FREIGHTER 2716 FAO: ( @arc-77​ )  DT-ARC-77, author: Special Agent Dallows.

Commander,

Owing to my expertise with crystalline matrices and beam emission topography, I felt it appropriate to volunteer my services to the board of inquiry investigating the incident in the Tonnis sector involving Freighter 2716.

As the molecular imaging equipment at our disposal is far in advance of anything the investigation team would traditionally be able to access, the board was more than accommodating with my request for the provision of a sample of the debris for analysis. 

However, the term debris, I feel, is rather generous, given that the sample provided is little more than 220 nanometrics in diameter. A macroscopic analysis is, therefore, impossible, but precursory spectral examinations allowed the board to conclude with a high degree of certainty that the sample was indeed part of the large kyber crystal listed in the freighter’s manifest.

Obviously, no real forensic or mechanical evidence survived the explosion. The temperature of which I could only begin to postulate, even the most advanced thermodynamic models available break down this far beyond a material’s supervapourisation point. It would not be a disservice to those thermodynamicists to suggest the exact value to be incalculable.

I will apologize in advance for the scientific vernacular in the report that follows. In order to impart my findings appropriately to the board, it was unavoidable to, at least in part, get considerably technical.

Should you wish to clarify anything with me, please free to do so. I’d be more than happy to talk you through a practical demonstration of the analysis if you feel it would be beneficial.

SPECIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT SI0001: SUBJECT: FREIGHTER 2716

The micro-sample of kyber mineral recovered from freighter 2716 was transferred into a 300 mol gelatinous solution of I-K1 molecular imaging compound. This was then inserted into the primary chamber of the hyperlight-refraction-topographer. The topographer was calibrated using an internal luminal-refractive ratio of 176:2, determined using the crystallographic-plane interpolation method and associated formulae as found in the thesis of Doctor Galen Erso entitled ‘On Kyber Substrate Analysis. Part II.’

The resulting holograph was produced. (Below) Ref:  RH:1

OUTPUT OF HYPERLIGHT-REFRACTION-TOPGRAPHER: RH:1

Note the multi-faceted obelisk-like crystalline granulites. These formations are practically exclusive to the kyber mineral. This corroborates the spectral analysis conducted by the board.  Note also the size, and importantly the texture of the largest granulite running the width of the holograph, corresponding to approximately 13 nanometrics in diameter.

The aforementioned granulites are all that remain of the intergranular structure of the crystal. The ‘surface’ on which they exist, predominately smooth, is uncharacteristic of a crystalline material. This phenomenon, however, is consistent with molecular ablation and is a typical example of feature-glassing found in materials that have undergone supervapourisation.

The nanofracture and nanoindentation features easily distinguishable at the top middle and bottom left on the holograph respectively are the result of monoclinic creep. Cell reference B7B17 shows the traces of the expansion of the intermolecular crystal plane. Monoclinic creep and plane expansion are both kinds of plastic supramolecular deformation, and cannot exist together unless the crystal was exposed to an internal uniaxial shear force.

Due to the unique morphology kyber, density functional theory (DFT) calculations prove that internal uniaxial shearing can only be observed in cases of total internal refractive detonation (TIRD).  This is without a doubt the breakdown mechanism that resulted in the supervapourisation.

In order to undergo TIRD a disruptive factor would have had to have introduced an inhomogeneous stress field to the minor-seed planes. This would only be possible by sudden penetration of the crystal through its major core axis.

Please see granulites denoted P1. These have been digitally enhanced for clarity. It is immediately apparent that the surface roughness of these crystals is much more coarse than their surrounding contemporaries. Note the unusual “dried seafoam” appearance of mottling.

This kind of mottling is only observed in materials that have had interaction with a foreign plasma. It is commonly associated with metals that have undergone welding, or those that have been cut through with a plasma cutter. It should be absolutely clear that only a directed or beam plasma could produce this mottling pattern. It is not the work of plasmoids released during TIRD. However, the mottling features are far smaller than those aforementioned. Due to kyber’s insusceptibility to tooling, it is extraordinarily unlikely these could have been caused by anything other than contact or near-contact with the blade of a lightsaber.

The relative size of the mottled features are certainly in line with what I would estimate to be the resonant frequency of a lightsaber power-core. Unfortunately, metallurgical research related to lightsaber damage phenomena is totally nonexistent.

It is the ultimate finding of this report that the kyber crystal carried by freighter 2716 was destroyed in a TIRD event. This event was likely triggered or exacerbated by deep-penetrating exposure to a foreign plasma, most likely the blade of a lightsaber.

The micro-sample provided is unable to provide clues as to the suggestions of the involvement of the freighters hyperdrive in the resulting explosion. Hyperspace phenomena are really only detectable on a macro-scale this long after the event.

Regards, Special Agent Dallows.

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Investigating the nanomechanical properties of the surface layers of hair fibers

A project led by Ella Hudson, Ph.D. Researcher at The University of Sheffield, seeks to ascertain the contribution of the hair cuticle to the mechanical properties of the whole fiber.

The objective of this work was to ascertain if a novel haircare treatment could restore the nanomechanical properties of the cuticle of hair fibers following a damaging treatment and also to investigate the effect of hair type (ethnicity). To achieve this the cuticular nanomechanical properties of hair were investigated in three states, with samples of two different types of hair: African and Caucasian, which is typical for the literature in this field:

Untreated (healthy) hair,

Damaged hair, and

Damaged hair treated with the novel treatment.

Under investigation was the contribution of the cuticle (surface layer) to the mechanical properties of a whole fiber. However, the techniques that are typically used to study the mechanical properties of hair generate data representative of the entire fiber (Yu et al. 2017). Nanoindentation enables the localized measurement of hardness properties of only the surface of samples

Read more.

[jcmarchi]

New Understanding of Plant Cells - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/new-understanding-of-plant-cells-technology-org/

New Understanding of Plant Cells - Technology Org

A new technique employed in a University of Nebraska–Lincoln engineering laboratory has allowed a team of researchers from two universities to gain a greater understanding of how plant cells respond to environmental changes to control the flow of gases and water vapor.

Joseph Turner is photographed with students Magdalene Peklo, a senior in mechanical engineering, and Faezeh Afshar-Hatam, a doctoral student in mechanical engineering, next to the nanoindenter that they used in this research. Image credit: UNL

In a paper published in the National Academy of Science’s journal PNAS Nexus, research led by Nebraska’s Joseph Turner and Sedighe Keynia, in collaboration with Charles T. Anderson’s group at Penn State University, was able to quantify the anisotropic mechanical properties and interior cell pressure of a cell using a novel approach.

In the Nano-engineering Research Core Facility, the team studied Arabidopsis thaliana, a weed also known as thale cress that is in the mustard family. It is also the first plant to have its genome completely sequenced. But, Turner said, not much was known about its stomatal mechanical processes that control gas exchange, an important part of photosynthesis.

Fluorescent petri dish, research of plant cells – associative photo. Image credit: Maximilian Paradiz via Flickr, CC BY 2.0

“It’s been a big guess about the mechanical behavior (of the stomata),” said Turner, Robert W. Brightfelt Professor of Mechanical and Materials Engineering. “The most exciting part of this research is that for the first time, we were able to capture the stomatic process in-plane. That was something no one had measured before.”

Keynia, who received her doctorate in mechanical engineering from Nebraska in August 2023, inserted the tip of a nanoindenter into the guard cells and was able to move it vertically and laterally. This, Turner said, allowed for taking measurements in all directions, which proved a major breakthrough in the research and set a foundation for comparing��plants.

The results showed the stomatal process and allowed comparisons to the processes in grasses, many of which performed faster, Turner said.

A new three-year grant from the National Science Foundation will allow the team, led by Penn State researchers, to more closely examine the physical differences of stomata in different plants and quantify the reasons some perform with greater speed and/or efficiency.

This, Turner said, could lead to greater benefits.

“Some are much more responsive, and we don’t know whether that’s because mechanical properties, the material is different, or if it’s the plant’s geometry,” Turner said. “If we can drill down into the genetics, then we can potentially modify crops that would have more likelihood to survive in more complicated or difficult conditions.”

The team will manipulate a grass species — Brachypodium distachyon, which is considered a relative to most major cereal grain species.

Unlike the Arabidopsis, which has only two guard cells that open and close the pore in its cells, most grasses have a four-celled stomatal complex — dumbbell-shaped guard cells flanked by round subsidiary cells. The guard cells open and close in a “seesaw” manner in response to changes in the plant’s environment.

“These approaches will lead to computational models that will predict how stomatal function might be further optimized to enhance crop yields, water-use efficiency and carbon drawdown,” Turner said. “That means, possibly, more food and water for all living things and less of an impact on the planet.”

Source: University of Nebraska-Lincoln

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[materialscience-crimson]

Titanium/Titanium Oxide Particle Dispersed W-TiC Composites for High Irradiation Applications

Abstract

For devices and materials used in radiation environments, such as wall materials and divertors of high energy accelerator target systems under high intensity beams and fusion reactors in close proximity to high temperature plasmas, it is important to evaluate the integrity of the materials so that they can withstand large amounts of radiation and high heat loads. In this study, we investigated the irradiation resistance of a tungsten-based material, one of the candidate materials for such an environment, by mechanical alloying and high-temperature hydrostatic sintering of a high-strength W material with a grain size of 1-2μm and dispersed small titanium or titanium oxide nanoparticles. This material was irradiated up to 0.66 dpa at 500 °C. The hardness change by nanoindentation and the microstructure and atomic arrangement by scanning transmission electron microscopy were examined. Normally, this irradiation condition is known to cause significant irradiation hardening, but it was found that no irradiation hardening occurred in this material. In addition, the crystal lattice images showed lattice (atomic arrangement) distortions of less than a nanometer, but no misfit dislocations were observed. These results suggest that the formation and growth of irradiation defect clusters was suppressed by the lattice distortion formed at the nano-level or below before irradiation, and that irradiation hardening was greatly suppressed.

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[miralhuman]

Aluninum binfer ssfe to est

Aluninum binfer ssfe to est manual#

9 Achieved values of relative green densities and porosities by various special treatment techniques (N stands for no special treatment, G for powder granulation, L for using slurry feedstock, and S for mixing powders of different sizes) 27,37,54, 55,57,58,63,64,67,68,73,74,81,82,92,110,156,161] Fig.

Aluninum binfer ssfe to est manual#

Generally, the manual granulation method, comprising manual mixing in a crucible, oven drying, Fig. Then, a sieving step screens the powder into several groups with different size ranges. Finally, the laser flash method (LFM) was used to measure the thermal conductivity of the material as a function of temperature resulting in values from 4.82 W/mK to 3.17 W/mK for the temperature range from 23 ☌ to 500 ☌, respectively. Mechanical properties obtained by nanoindentation resulted in an elastic modulus of ~251 GPa when measured in fully dense, contiguous crystalline regions, corresponding to an apparent, porous bulk stiffness of ~90 GPa for the final, 60.1 % dense products. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy showed polarization dependence and second harmonic signal at 470 nm, indicating the potential to produce thermal and optical-mechanical devices. The purity, microstructure, and polycrystallinity of the AlN phase formed were confirmed by techniques that included x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The BJT printed AlN specimens were analyzed using various characterization techniques. This treatment resulted in a 60.1% relative density maximum densification for AlN. The AlN constructs were subjected to post-fabrication thermal treatment by hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) for 8 hours at a pressure of 206 MPa and temperature of 1900 ☌. In this work, we report on the novel fabrication of aluminum nitride (AlN) components using Binder Jetting (BJT) additive manufacturing (AM).

[mycarrepairdubais]

Nano Ceramic Coating Services In Dubai

Shield your vehicle paint from contamination with Nano Earthenware covering administration, ceramic coating the layer of nano fired covering gives magnificent insurance against UV beams, street chips, destructive pollutants, oxidation, and so on. It keeps the vehicle as lustrous as could be expected.

Nano Ceramic covering is comprised of a nano-polymer substance that fills in as a defensive safeguard for your vehicle's paint. Basically, the particles in the auto clay covering bond straightforwardly to the paint, fixing the topcoat on a minuscule level. This gives a more grounded, more sturdy layer of security for your vehicle. Nano Clay Covering makes a hydrophobic surface repulsing water and lessening soil and spots by drying water.

Where ordinary wax neglects to stick on your vehicle's paint, the NANO artistic covering succeeds in giving the safeguard like insight to your vehicle's outsides. We offer our NANO artistic covering Dubai with an expect to eliminate different vehicle paint related issues. Our NANO ceramic covering administrations permit you to neglect continued waxing and enumerating medicines to keep your vehicle's painting gleaming and alluring. Furthermore, you won't need to spend your cash on your vehicle's outside paint for a more extended timeframe.

The sub-atomic innovation utilized in our NANO fired covering administrations fosters a bond with your vehicle's production line paint and fends those components off that away that effect on it.Estimating the Inborn Properties of CoatingsFired coatings are generally utilized in numerous modern applications due to their wear obstruction, substance opposition and warm properties. Applications range from hard coatings in the device business, to biomedical coatings or warm securities. Due to the little thickness of the coatings, the best instrument to quantify the mechanical properties is by nanoindentation. Nonetheless, and particularly in the event that the covering is slim, the action can be a convolution of both the mechanical properties of the covering and the substrate. Deconvoluting the substrate-covering reaction is, in this manner a prerequisite to quantify the fired coatings appropriately.

The estimation of hardness is bound to the locale of the plastic deformity. Albeit this volume changes for various materials; for pottery, it is generally under multiple times the infiltration profundity, somewhat bigger than the size of the corner to corner of the space engrave, as a guideline. Because of this, it is for the most part acknowledged that, assuming the entrance profundity of the space is short of what one 10th the thickness of the covering, the deliberate hardness is the genuine hardness of the covering. This is known as the "10% rule".

Fig. 4 presents cross-segments of a DLC covering on a hard metal. This covering was around 2000 nm thick. At the point when a space was finished up to 1000 nm most extreme infiltration profundity, the substrate was likewise twisted and, thus, the deliberate hardness was a blend of both substrate and covering. Assuming the space was finished until 100 nm greatest entrance profundity, all twisting was compelled in the covering and the deliberate hardness esteem was the genuine covering hardness esteem.

[crimsonpublishers]

Titanium/Titanium Oxide Particle Dispersed W-TiC Composites for High Irradiation Applications_Crimson Publishers

Titanium/Titanium Oxide Particle Dispersed W-TiC Composites for High Irradiation Applications by Eiichi Wakai* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals 

For devices and materials used in radiation environments, such as wall materials and divertors of high energy accelerator target systems under high intensity beams and fusion reactors in close proximity to high temperature plasmas, it is important to evaluate the integrity of the materials so that they can withstand large amounts of radiation and high heat loads. In this study, we investigated the irradiation resistance of a tungsten-based material, one of the candidate materials for such an environment, by mechanical alloying and high-temperature hydrostatic sintering of a high-strength W material with a grain size of 1-2μm and dispersed small titanium or titanium oxide nanoparticles. This material was irradiated up to 0.66 dpa at 500 °C. The hardness change by nanoindentation and the microstructure and atomic arrangement by scanning transmission electron microscopy were examined. Normally, this irradiation condition is known to cause significant irradiation hardening, but it was found that no irradiation hardening occurred in this material. In addition, the crystal lattice images showed lattice (atomic arrangement) distortions of less than a nanometer, but no misfit dislocations were observed. These results suggest that the formation and growth of irradiation defect clusters was suppressed by the lattice distortion formed at the nano-level or below before irradiation, and that irradiation hardening was greatly suppressed. 

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on below link https://crimsonpublishersresearch.com/

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