#The Detrimental Environments for Minors Regulation Act | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

kevinszabojrplumbing · 11 months

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The Ultimate Window Health Guide: Why Maintenance Is Key

Windows are not just functional components of a building; they play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy and comfortable living or working environment. From providing natural light and ventilation to enhancing energy efficiency, windows contribute significantly to our well-being. However, many people overlook the importance of window maintenance. In this ultimate window health guide, we will explore why window maintenance is key and how it can positively impact your living or working space.

Preserving Indoor Air Quality

Windows act as a barrier between the indoor and outdoor environments. Regular maintenance, including cleaning and sealing, prevents the accumulation of dust, dirt, and allergens on window surfaces. Dirty or damaged windows can compromise indoor air quality by allowing pollutants to enter your space. By keeping your windows clean and well-maintained, you can ensure a healthier indoor environment for you and your loved ones. If you’re having an issue with your windows, you can find glass replacement & window repair in Aurora or anywhere else by doing some research. Make sure to read reviews before choosing a company.

Preventing Mold and Mildew Growth

Moisture infiltration is a common issue in poorly maintained windows. Moisture build-up can lead to the growth of mold and mildew, which can have detrimental effects on both your health and the structural integrity of your property. Regular inspections, sealing any gaps or cracks, and promptly addressing leaks or condensation issues can help prevent mold growth and maintain a safe and healthy living or working environment.

Enhancing Energy Efficiency

Windows play a significant role in regulating heat transfer, which impacts the energy efficiency of your space. Properly maintained windows with well-fitted seals and weatherstripping can prevent drafts and heat loss during colder months. This reduces the strain on your heating system and can lead to significant energy savings. Similarly, well-maintained windows with low-emissivity (Low-E) coatings can block harmful UV rays and minimize heat gain during hot summer months. By investing in regular maintenance, you can improve the energy efficiency of your space, reduce utility bills, and contribute to a greener environment.

Extending Window Lifespan

Regular maintenance can significantly extend the lifespan of your windows. Routine cleaning and inspections allow you to identify and address minor issues before they escalate into major problems. Prompt repairs or replacements of damaged components, such as broken seals or cracked glass, can prevent further deterioration and ensure the longevity of your windows. By properly maintaining your windows, you can avoid costly replacements and enjoy their benefits for years to come.

Enhancing Safety and Security

Windows are a critical aspect of your property's safety and security. Regular maintenance ensures that window locks, hinges, and frames are in proper working condition, providing a strong deterrent against unauthorized access. Faulty or damaged windows compromise the security of your space and make it more vulnerable to break-ins. By prioritizing window maintenance, you can enhance the safety and peace of mind for you and your occupants.

Maximizing Natural Light and Views

Windows play a pivotal role in providing natural light and offering beautiful views of the surrounding environment. However, neglected windows with accumulated dirt or damaged glass can hinder the passage of light and obstruct your view. Regular cleaning and maintenance keep your windows clear and pristine, maximizing the amount of natural light that enters your space and allowing you to enjoy the beauty of your surroundings.

In conclusion, window maintenance is crucial for maintaining a healthy, comfortable, and energy-efficient living or working environment. By prioritizing regular cleaning, inspections, and repairs, you can preserve indoor air quality, prevent mold growth, enhance energy efficiency, extend window lifespan, improve safety and security, and maximize natural light and views. Remember that proper window maintenance not only protects your investment but also contributes to your overall well-being. So, make window maintenance a priority and enjoy the numerous benefits it brings to your space.

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suckerforsaikik · 4 years

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Hey y’all remember the one shot asou posted with the kids from the future being banned from almost all media?

i drew a poster for it, along with saiki k in it, because I like the idea of saiki aging slowly because of his powers and having to put up with the ban on content.

#the detrimental environments for minor regulation act #saiki k #Saiki Kusuo no PSI Nan #saiki kusuo no sai nan #mika #asou suuichi #manga #cover art #concept #saikers art #i can imagine saiki teaming up with mika to help stop the ban/ get around it #yes i want a fic #but imma be the only one who'd ever write something like that so it probably wont happen

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thenamesblurrito · 3 years

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Cybertronian neurodivergence and mental health

Psychiatry is a fairly well developed science on SNAP’s Cybertron, if only to better control people and fix them to serve the state. Or, on a darker note, to label dissenters and revolutionaries as mentally unstable and thus not worth listening to. People like Rung, Froid, Minitron, and Trepan are well-known figures in their field, but counselors and therapists are relatively common across Cybertron, mostly attached to corporations or funded by the state with the express goal of keeping everyone working smoothly. Even Beta Trion has a counseling license, which is why she’s one of the counselors at the JAAT.

Warning for discussion of mental illness, “normative” psychiatry, and discussion of ableism. Please note that this is a noncomprehensive list, and none of these terms are one-to-one representatives of human conditions, they’re only based off of them. The worldbuilding I’m doing here is not a statement about any real neurodivergence, mental illness, psychiatric system, or actual human being, and the values of the society I’m creating are very much opposite of my own.

Nonstandard circuitry

The Cybertronian term for neurodiversity. A convenient catch-all for any processors with “deviations” from forging, instead of issues developed over time. Those that make it difficult to easily sort mecha into functions or workspaces are usually called disorders and stigmatized in general society, and those that can be harnessed to improve or increase the amount of work a mech does are praised as dutiful, with all their detrimental symptoms ignored.

The state-controlled psychiatric system is hardly a neutral party in this, meaning every diagnosis, every medical file, every prescription, and every patient and practitioner is another cog in the machine, another manner of control. On a person-to-person level, there often is a genuine desire to help individuals and improve lives, but someone with a diagnosis of nonstandard circuitry will always have that marked as part of their ID. Their employers can see and use that. Because of the way everyone is assigned a function, a nonstandard individual won’t often struggle to find a job, but the types of jobs available to them will change.

Mostly, people have to choose between pursuing an evaluation and diagnosis to get help if they’re struggling, and avoiding diagnosis to have another aspect of themselves dissected into a set of manacles to chain them to their assigned function. Black market therapy has a strong, widespread community, but psychiatric mediations are too heavily controlled to be easily taken or copied, and bootlegs are dangerous.

Hyperfunction

A spectrum of several related conditions with related symptoms that vary in strength and effect. According to the diagnostic standards, a hyperfunctional person has a notable imbalance between social comfort and expertise in personal interests. For routines, skills, and subjects they are driven by or attracted to, they excel, hence they term “hyperfunction”, referring to their above-average ability in their particular areas of interest. This makes them very valuable to functionism, even if their interest turns to a detrimental obsession that interferes with the rest of their life.

Hypercalculative Regulation Hyperfunction

Based on autism. Mecha with HRH develop in a different manner than standard mecha, often struggling to learn common social norms and rules while soaking up all information of interest at a level higher than their peers. Their sensory nets are queued to different impulses, meaning relatively inconsequential feelings or sensations can become catastrophically painful, but certain stimulations are soothing and fun. They often require routine of some sort, predictable procedural schedules or actions they can rely on, with difficulty adjusting to unexpected change. Each individual will often connect with one or several particular special interests, becoming notable in their expertise. While each person is different and these interests usually have nothing to do with their frame’s function, they can often be assigned to work within their special interest, as their passion is valuable. Transmutate has been diagnosed with HRH. Prowl and his trine are likely on the upper end of this spectrum, although they’ve deliberately avoided evaluation.

Hypercalculative Divergent Hyperfunction

If HRH is comparable to the defunct distinction of “high functioning” or “mild” autism, HDH is “severe” autism. The two are just different levels of the same nonstandard circuitry, but functionism puts emphasis on diagnosing according to how easily someone can be used, thus the differentiation of “severity”. Going from the self-contained routine hyperfunction of HRH, mecha with HDH cannot function as a normal member of society. Common elements are a total lack of social skills to the point of little or no language development, aversion to touch and comfort, hypersensitivity, and meltdowns in response to an unpleasant situation. While mecha like these can be given work of sorts, they are considered more trouble than they’re worth, and often live a life of near-indentured servitude under adult caretakers.

Persistent Compulsion Hyperfunction

Based on OCD. Most commonly known by the flagship symptom of a compulsion to follow organization and routine, PCH has a much, much broader effect than that. A mech with PCH has to deal with intrusive thoughts and anxiety, often concerning contamination, violence, loss of control, or loss of morality. Relatively minor rituals like keeping symmetry and order in one’s physical environment keep some of the fear away, but often this can degenerate into complicated and objectively useless routines to assuage the intrusive thoughts, like checking precisely twenty times to see if the door has been locked. Compulsions like this can be draining and time consuming, even becoming dangerous in some cases, and only reinforce the fear after providing temporary relief. The meticulous and careful procedure of a mech with PCH is valuable for jobs that require thorough work, but more debilitating symptoms are usually shut down and medicated until the individual is competent enough to work again. Minimus has minor PCH, undiagnosed, but it may worsen as he ages. Fixit has been diagnosed with PCH and takes medication for it.

Executive Disregulation Hyperfunction

Based on ADHD. Commonly described as “an impulsivity in pursuing fulfillment”, it’s characterized by a short attention span, emotional disregulation and sensitivity, periods of intense energy and lethargy, inability to start or complete tasks, and chasing stimulation until said stimulation no longer provides entertainment. Because of their poor ability to regulate their executive function, many undiagnosed mecha are called lazy or idiotic for being unable to perform relatively simple actions or habits. Conversely, a subject that piques their interest will receive their full attention and effort. The adult Fireflight and the younglings Hot Rod, Skywarp, and Misfire all have EDH, although none of them are diagnosed.

Triple Fracture

This is the condition Blitzwing has due to his triple changer frame. It isn’t seen in any other frametype, hence it’s name. Triple-changers are uncommon enough to be easily targeted by the prejudices of functionism, but not the easily suppressed rarity that functionists wish they were. Aside from greater strength, durability, and flexibility, two alt modes don’t have much of an adverse effect on their physical health. The biggest negative stereotype about them is their “insanity”.

While nonstandard circuitry comes in many forms, the most feared and misunderstood version is triple fracture. It’s a mental disorder that occurs in less than five percent of triple-changers, but nevertheless it has gained synonymy with that frametype. For our case study, Blitzwing's processor functions in three sections: responsive, reactionary, and deflective. His responsive instincts manifest as the personality slice nicknamed “Icy”. This is the calmest, most well adjusted side of him, capable of taking time to think through and settle on a genuine response to a situation, but likely to switch out under duress. His reactionary instincts are nicknamed “Hothead”, and this is the personality slice that has an immediate reaction to stress, and who uses over-the-top anger and bluffing to push back against whatever is making him feel threatened. His deflective instincts show up as “Random”, acting out and adopting an attitude opposite of the mood around him to divert attention from the actual stressor and onto his own actions, which gives him a modicum of control.

He isn’t three separate people, and he isn’t even really three separate personalities. The different nicknames for the different personality slices are more of a tool for him to describe his current feelings than a set of actual names. He simply doesn’t have the ability to rationally choose a response to stimuli because of the three different filters his processor uses to perceive the world. Even his occasional crazier or more violent episodes occur because his instincts are trying to defend him. Triple fracture cannot be medicated either, because what might stabilize one slice will unbalance the other slices, and the processor as a whole will suffer. However, a triple changer with a good support system and coping mechanisms is perfectly capable of living a normal life, personality slices and all. They aren’t inherently bad, either. Blitzwing can more easily stand up for himself when in Hothead mode, and is very good at telling jokes and playing a room when in Random mode.

Modal Triple Fracture

Exactly like the above, except locked into what form a mech is currently in instead of switching out according to a situation. Sky Lynx has modal triple fracture. His responsive personality slice is tied to root mode, reactionary tied to beast mode, and deflective tied to shuttle mode. He stays in root mode most of the time to keep the most rational part of himself at the forefront.

Modal Personality Disorder

Sort of related to triple fracture, modal personality disorder causes a drastic mood swing whenever a mech transforms between root and alt mode, usually between a calm demeanor and a high-energy or intense demeanor. Unlike triple fracture, this does not involve separate personality slices, only mood swings. Since it’s caused by a specific variation in the morphcore section of the processor which controls the t-cog, it’s considered a processor malfunction type of nonstandard circuitry. It occurs more in modal frames than other frametypes. The adult Road Rage and the youngling Cliffjumper both have MPD, although only Road Rage is diagnosed. Diagnoses are disproportionately more common among beastformers, because of the stigma of “beast instincts” overwhelming one’s sapience.

Submechanoid Psychosis

A punitive psychiatric term based on the now defunct inadequate personality disorder. Colloquially known as feral syndrome, this term is less a genuine condition and more an excuse to label unsatisfactory beastformers as less than people. It refers to beastformers and occasionally toolformers who are violent, unintelligent, or otherwise have a personality not perfectly suitable to subservience. Many beastformers with genuine MPD are deliberately misdiagnosed with submechanoid psychosis. If Grimlock were ever to undergo an evaluation, he would likely be diagnosed with this, although he actually has MPD. Riptide, if he were a beastformer, would also probably be labeled as submechanoid.

Neurasthenia

Based on the now defunct neurasthenia. The condition of the high castes, neurasthenia causes fatigue, dissatisfaction, anxiety, migraines, weakness, and depression. It isn’t nonstandard circuitry, but rather a condition caused by too much stress and/or too little stimulation. It’s mostly diagnosed in upper class individuals, following the theory that the constant scrutiny of being an upper class example to society is chronically nervewracking. The symptoms and causes are poorly defined, with contradicting opinions from different psychological practices. The most common listed source of neurasthenia is overworking within an intangible function, such as the performance and emotional labor of a public figure. Prescribed treatments usually including some form of physical work with tangible results, so as to rejuvenate an individual’s motivation with real, concrete evidence of their ability and accomplishment.

Defunctional Disorder

Based on clinical depression. Characterized by lack of interest, demotivation, low moods, and lethargy and exhaustion, defunctional disorder is a relatively common mental illness. It can be caused both by forged nonstandard circuitry and stress from one’s situation. It’s labelled for the way it makes an individual less likely to adequately perform their function, but it has significant effect on day-to-day life and habits outside of work. A mech affected by defunctional disorder may fall into despair and hopelessness, self-hatred, or utter numbness, and may consider self harm or suicide. Dead End, Sideways, Swerve, and Buzzsaw all have defunctional disorder. Only Dead End and Buzzsaw have been diagnosed, but neither are medicated. Many people believe Alpha Trion must have it, hence his drinking problem.

Baseline Alarm Disorder

Based on paranoid personality disorder and anxiety. BAD often shows up as a comorbid condition with PCH. It’s caused by a constant triggering of a mech’s internal preservation and security systems, conjuring a sense of doom and danger at all times regardless of the current situation. Considered a processor malfunction type of nonstandard circuitry, a mech will suffer from paranoia, anxiety, illogical suspicion or mistrust even of a situation they know to be safe, panic attacks with acute physical fear responses, and intense stress and energy drain. Red Alert, Breakdown, and Spinister all have BAD, but only Spinister is diagnosed. He’s medicated, which is what inspired his fascination with medical mechanics.

Overclocking

A poorly defined “disorder”, overclocking refers to a processor overworking itself, moving too quickly to follow itself. This is usually a symptom of a larger condition, often HRH or EDH, but it’s also diagnosed as a standalone condition. Overclocking is characterized by scattered or nonsensical trains of thought, manic energy and following exhaustion, difficulty forming words or coherent sentences, abrupt movement coupled with aborted actions, uncontrollable tics, and a continual sense of restlessness, urgency, or inability to pause. It isn’t exactly rare on Cybertron, but it’s almost never diagnosed on Velocitron. An overclocking Cybertronian seeing a Velocitronian psychiatrist is unlikely to receive a diagnosis, but a Cybertronian psychiatrist is likely to label a normal Velocitronian as overclocking, simply due to their often speedy nature and cultural behavior. Blurr has a stutter, is quick and clumsy, and speaks with the typical speed of a Velocitronian, which means he would likely be incorrectly diagnosed with this condition.

Sporadic Hang Syndrome

This condition is basically the opposite of overclocking, instead causing a mech’s processor to pause, buffer, and/or restart a certain task or thought, often repeatedly. Some people have these problems only with certain actions or feelings, some only deal with it in stressful situations, and some have persistent trouble no matter what’s going on. Symptoms include freezing mid-word or action, forgetfulness, repetition of the same word or action, uncontrollable tics, and random and/or triggered long periods of “blankness” of no movement or sensation, the processor caught in an unresolved task or thought loop.

Autoexecution Syndrome

Caused by an error in loading and running scripts in the processor, a mech with autoexecution syndrome struggles with choices, changing routines, and executive function. Symptoms include improper ending of the recharge cycle, low impulse control, intrusive thoughts and acting before thinking, and compulsion to complete a sequence or routine before doing anything else. While it’s related to PCH and can be comorbid with it, autoexecution syndrome lacks the fear and anxiety aspect of PCH and is classified as processor malfunction nonstandard circuitry. Hubcap has autoexecution syndrome and is medicated for it.

Information Creep

Based on dementia and Alzheimer’s. A condition gained later in life rather than forged nonstandard circuitry, information creep occurs in a very old mech who’s running out of memory storage space. It’s occasionally called blurred data. Eidetic decay is normal in older memories as they are compressed and reformatted for deeper storage, but at some point the memory file itself becomes too corrupted to read or is deleted completely. A mech that has reached old age is almost certain to get information creep at least on a small scale. The condition becomes debilitating when the corruption starts encroaching on large portions of the memory, even into short-term memory. It causes difficulty knowing where or when one is, uncertainty as to who others are or what their significance is, problems following conversations, and anywhere from general absentmindedness to total loss of interaction with external stimulation. One would think that size null mecha are more prone to this, but that isn’t true. The percentage of size null mecha who suffer from more than just slight information creep is much lower than the percentage of older modern mecha who suffer the same. Medics and psychiatrists are unsure as to why.

Overwritten Information Creep

Similar to the above, except not caused by age, rather by an error in the processor that overwrites stored data rather than making a new folder in chronological order. This is uncommon, but can affect any age. Mecha affected will find themselves losing time, forgetting pieces of or entire memories no matter how recent or vivid, losing track of possessions, getting lost easily, and having difficulty connecting information with its source or correlation. Although no one pays attention to him enough to notice, Rung has overwritten information creep, hence his chronic forgetfulness.

Primus Apotheosis

A relatively recent term coined by Froid, primus apotheosis is suspected to affect 2% of all adults who have come in contact with the vigilante factions operating in Iacon. It’s characterized by excessive admiration or obsession with one or multiple faction members, idealization of their teachings to the point of blindly following, dysmorphia in their own frames and irrational belief that they ought to look more like these vigilantes, and abnormally increased interest for people and subjects outside of their assigned function, class, and cultural background. So far, a youngling’s typical overenthusiasm for a new interest has proven indistinguishable from primus apotheosis, so diagnoses are limited to adults. The condition is practically guaranteed in any survivor of relic corruption, usually with especially strong frame dysmorphia. Froid has had to do the majority of diagnosing himself, because that insufferable fool the Academy has hired as their chief counselor has the audacity to claim “primus apotheosis is absolute nonsense”.

Pathological Dissent

A punitive psychiatric term based on the now defunct sluggish schizophrenia, drapetomania, and general political abuse of psychiatry. Mecha diagnosed with pathological dissent are, without fail, rebels and activists of some sort. The official diagnosis claims that these people are “neurologically incapable of being satisfied with their inbuilt function”, therefore the state must take custody of them for their own health and wellbeing. It is by far the most dangerous label any individual could ever acquire. Froid and several others have remotely diagnosed the vigilante faction members with pathological dissent, and Impactor was also diagnosed with it prior to his execution.

#transformers #worldbuilding #cybertronian biology #neurodivergence #mental illness #cybertronian culture #ableism #functionism #tf original continuity #i made myself sick looking up some of the stuff im basing this off #i Cannot imagine any form of functionism that doesnt somehow abuse psychiatry #so thats what im worldbuilding #but i cannot abide a world that has zero help or health #so im making sure to have a mixed bag of genuine and ableist #snap is a dystopia folks

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mpecher20ahsgov-blog · 5 years

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Media Assessment of Issue

Article #1

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/17/opinion/endangered-species-act-trump.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FEndangered%20and%20Extinct%20Species&action=click&contentCollection=science&region=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=8&pgtype=collection

Author: NY Times The Editorial Board

Intended Audience: Readers of NY Times, people interested in environmental issues or legislation, people against Trump

Bias/Perspective of Author: As it is an opinion piece, the author(s) of this article are against the Trump’s reforms for the Endangered Species Act, failures to acknowledge climate change, and his republican supporters of these reversments of previous environmental progress.

Subject: The Trump administration and Interior Department released changes to how the Endangered Species Act would be applied. These changes would make it harder to protect species in general from commercial developments such as logging, oil or gas drilling, and other threats from global warming. Additionally, it would make it harder to preserve habitat to maintain their survival by changing the rules of how animals are added to the endangered or threatened species list. Future developments include changing laws to allow inclusion of economic recess into whether or not land is protected.

Context: August 29, 2019. It is a recent article, but also from the Op-Ed section so it may be up to date but also could be affected by the bias of the author.

Significance: Trump’s advances into endangered species habitats could be devastating in the future for animals all over additionally to the currently endangered ones.

Agree/Disagree: I agree with this article; it presents Trump’s regulations from a viewpoint I identify with. I would also trust this more than a more right sided article because they might present these changes as good things for the economy and such, without acknowledging the damage it would do elsewhere.

Article #2

https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/endangered-species-act

Author: none

Intended Audience: The American public, both democrats and republicans.

Bias/Perspective of the Author: The bias is toward the Trump administration’s interests. They present the new regulations in a way that is worded to sound like detrimental changes are actually a good thing.

Subject: The US Department of the Interior reveals improvements to the implementation of the current Endangered Species Act’s effectiveness and adapts it to the interests of the 21st century. The consultation process of whether animals stay on the endangered or threatened lists will be more clear and consistent. There is a heightened standard for whether or not land can be designated as critical habitat to avoid not developing on land that doesn’t need to be protected.

Context: August 12, 2019. Also recent and provided by a US government site so should be accurate and unbiased but given the reliability of information from the Trump administration we don’t know whether or not there is bias in the evaluation of the new changes.

Significance: Trump’s economic policies are interfering with current environmental protection laws and overpowering their significance. This shows how the priorities of the current government are shifted toward their own self interest.

Agree/Disagree: I disagree with this article because it presents the evidence and regulations in a way which sounds much less threatening than it actually is. I wouldn’t trust this article even if it comes from a government site because they would of course want to support the president’s actions and convince both parties that he is doing the right thing since environment is a more liberally concerned topic.

Article #3

https://www.natlawreview.com/article/us-endangered-species-act-itself-now-threatened-or-endangered

Author: Darin J. Smith

Intended Audience: Both parties.

Bias/Perspective of Author: This is a neutral article which does not seem to have any bias because it doesn’t mention whether it will be good or bad, just relays what others claim will be good or bad about the changes.

Subject: While many procedures will change under the ESA’s new rules, the main goals have not been affected. On the other hand, it may heighten standards for imposing the ESA to begin with. The Department of the Interior claims the new regulations of the ESA are designed to increase transparency and effectiveness of the act in the changing 21st century. However, environmental advocates say they see these changes as reductions of the ESA’s power and it is critical to stop this.

Context: August 27, 2019. This is possibly the most reliable out of the three articles because it is the most unbiased. It also provides the most specific information about the regulations.

Significance: The ESA will be challenged in court from both democrats and republicans in the Supreme Court as Democrats in Congress vow to block these changes, Trump will likely impose them anyway.

Agree/Disagree: I agree with this article because of how it provides evidence from each side of the argument and includes more information about legislative challenges into the implementation of these new ESA regulations.

Similarities/Differences: These articles all present different viewpoints on the same topic so it is interesting to see how right or left sides perceive the proposition of these regulations to the ESA. The first article from the NY Times takes a liberal and pro-environmental stance, stating the reality of the changes, while the article from the Department of the Interior states the altercations as minor and not seriously damaging. Neither article discusses fake information, they just take different spins on the same topic which can influence the reader to believe whether there is concern or not. The last article is neutral and portrays the evidence from both side’s perspectives without supporting one or the other.

Me: I identify most with the first article because I do not believe the Trump administration has any interests other than self benefits, and certainly not environmental protection, in mind when creating legislation. It seems they are doing anything they can to contribute to economic and personal gain. Even with something that might seem like a small change to the ESA, it can have much more damaging effects than the DOI implies.

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mmeducation · 2 years

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PH Human Body

Most diseases, illnesses, and bad bacteria thrive in an over acidic environment. When pH levels are unbalanced, it is mostly in the case of being too acidic. This causes the body to borrow crucial minerals from organs, bones, and tissue to try and neutralize the acid and remove it from the body. Over acidity weakens all systems and can be seen in acute symptoms such as yeast/fungi overgrowth (candida among others), chronic fatigue, slow elimination, hormonal concerns, premature aging, free radical damage (may lead to cancerous mutations), weight gain, bladder and kidney damage such as kidney stones, diabetes, joint pain, and lactic acid build up.

Acidosis (to much acid)

Respiratory Acidosis - Not enough Carbon Dioxide removed from lungs. Symptoms: extreme sleepiness, fatigue, confusion, headache. Effects: asthma, emphysema, pneumonia Toxins: Narcotics, Sleep Medicine, Brain and Nervous Disorders

Metabolic Acidosis is a buildup of acid in the body that originates in the kidneys. Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, and extreme tiredness. Effects: lack of sodium bicarbonate in your blood, lack of insulin, (ketoacidosis), buildup of lactic acid, kidney failure. Toxins: methanol, antifreeze, aspirin (in large doses) Alkalosis (not enough acid) Respiratory Alkalosis - Causes: hyperventilation, anxiety, aspirin, high fever, and pain. Symptoms: muscle cramps, twitching, tingling fingers, toes, and lips, irritability.

Metabolic alkalosis Causes: vomiting, overuse of diuretics, or an overactive adrenal gland, overuse baking soda, kidney damage Symptoms: muscle cramps, twitching, tingling fingers, toes, and lips, irritability.

Cure: Restore nutrients, such as chloride or potassium restore electrolyte balance Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) to raise blood pH CPAP or Oxygen device to facilitate breathing Sodium Citrate (lemons, corn) to treat kidney failure Insulin to treat ketoacidosis

pH of Different Body Fluids pH indicates the level of H+ ions, low pH indicates too many H+ ions high pH indicates too many OH- ions.

blood ranges from 7.35-7.45, If the pH levels drop below 6.9, it can lead to coma.

Saliva is ranges from 6.5 to 7.5pH . After swallowing, the food reaches the stomach where upper and lower parts of stomach have different pH values. The upper part has a pH of 4−6.5, while the lower part is highly acidic with a pH of 1.5−4.0. It then enters the intestine which is slightly alkaline, with a pH of 7−8.5. Maintaining the pH values of different regions is critical for their function.

pH of the gastrointestinal tract. Esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, colon.

Maintaining the Body pH pH is maintained in the body using primarily three mechanisms: buffer systems, respiratory control, and renal control.

Buffer Systems Proteins can act as H+ acceptors or donors Phosphate buffers also help in moderating the levels of pH. Buffers help in regulating pH during minor changes, breath holding, exercise, or when gastric acid is secreted.

Respiratory Control The pH of blood during normal conditions is 7.4. However, CO2 dissociates into carbonic acid in the tissues. Thus, presence of more CO2 makes the blood more acidic. That is the reason when we hold the breath for long durations, the CO2 levels increase in the blood lowering our pH leading to fainting. On the other hand during alkalosis or increased pH, the breathing may get slow in order to increase the CO2 levels and reduce the alkalinity. However, low breathing rate could also lead to low oxygen levels which could be detrimental. Thus, respiration provides an important control to regulate the pH levels.

Renal Control The renal system regulates the pH of extracellular fluid. The changes in pH induced by the respiratory system are in minutes, while the changes induced by the renal system are in the order of days. If the acidity of the fluids is high, kidney secretes H+ ions, while if the carbonate ion levels are high it retains H+ ions and secretes HCO3 ions. Although this process is slow but it can prove an effective mode to regulate pH. One limitation of renal regulation is that the pH of urine cannot be below 4.4. Thus, strong acids can be removed by reacting with basic salts of phosphoric acid or by addition of base (NH3) to urine.

Abnormalities in Acid-Base Balance Acidosis, blood pH is low (too much acid) Alkalosis, blood pH is high too much base) Acidosis and alkalosis may be caused either due to imbalance of acid-base secretion by the kidneys or altered levels of CO2 in the blood due to breathing disorders.

pH level in mouth reaches 5.5 or lower, there’s a greater risk that your teeth will become discolored and damaged. Keeping your pH at 7.5 or above can actually help to re-mineralize your teeth, giving them added strength.

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lupine-publishers-cdvs · 3 years

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Persistent Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals and the Importance of Fish as a Bio-Indicator of Environmental Pollution| Lupine Publishers

Opinion

Nowadays water pollution is the burning issue all over the world. Aquatic ecosystems are frequently contaminated with different toxicants through anthropogenic activities, and some of them such as metals may be naturally present and essential in low concentration but toxic and harmful in higher concentrations. Having in mind that not all chemical forms of pollutants are equally bioavailable, and some pollutants can be accumulated in living organisms to a greater extent than others, there is a need to study the levels of pollutants in the organisms to be able to predict the environmental risk. Thus, chemical analyses of the tissues of aquatic organisms are used as a routine approach in studies of aquatic pollution, providing a temporal integration of the levels of pollutants with biological relevance at higher concentrations than those present in water or sediment, and facilitating their quantification [1]. Fish are among the group of aquatic organisms which represent the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates. A number of characteristics make them excellent experimental models for toxicological research, especially for the contaminants which are likely to exert their impact on aquatic systems [2]. Due to feeding and living in the aquatic environments fish are particularly vulnerable and heavily exposed to pollution because they cannot escape from the detrimental effects of pollutants. Fish, in comparison with invertebrates, are more sensitive to many toxicants and are a convenient test subject for indication of ecosystem health. Heavy metals are produced from a variety of natural and anthropogenic sources. In aquatic environments, heavy metal pollution results from direct atmospheric deposition, geologic weathering or through the discharge of agricultural, municipal, residential or industrial waste products. Heavy metals are able to disturb the integrity of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in fish that are not only an important ecosystem component, but also used as a food source. Previous studies have shown that marine and farmed fish and shellfish are significant contributors to consumer intake of some contaminants due to their presence in the aquatic environment and their accumulation in the flesh of fish and shellfish. The objective of this article is to describe the effects of different persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals on the fish used as bioindicator of environmental pollution. Fish have been found to be good indicators of water contamination in aquatic systems because they occupy different trophic levels; they are of different sizes and ages and in comparison with invertebrates, are also more sensitive to many toxicants [3]. Last but not least, fish are the final chain of aquatic food web and an important food source for human. Therefore, some toxicants in aquatic environments can be transferred through food chain into humans.

Persistent Organic Pollutants and Their Effect on Fish Target Organs

Gills

The fish gills are multifunctional organs involved in ion transport, gas exchange, acid–base regulation and waste excretion. Given that the gills accounts for well over 50% of the surface area of a fish it is not surprising that one of the major target organs for waterborne toxicants is the gill. The gills are regarded as the important site for direct uptake from the water, whereas the body surface is generally assumed to play a minor role in xenobiotics uptake of fish. Thus, in teleost fish the gills are most frequently utilized in bioaccumulation studies and the pathological damage produced allows the toxicity of the environment to be defined, making fish highly suitable for evaluating the health of aquatic systems [4]. Fish metabolism, acting principally through the gills can be seriously damaged since toxicant incorporation occurs mainly through this respiratory organ. Furthermore, the fish gills are very sensitive to physical and chemical alterations of the aquatic medium such as: temperature, acidification of the water supply due to acid rain, salts and heavy metals, and to any change in the composition of the environment which is an important indicator of waterborne toxicants. fish gills are the main route of penetration of toxicants into the fish organism, thus they are the first organs which come in contact with environmental pollutants and are also sensitive subjects for identifying the effects of water toxicants on fish organisms. The fish gills can accumulate bioavailable pollutants, and their measurement on gills can reflect the speciation of pollutants, and in particular metals in water, therefore, they are a useful tool for assessing bioavailability of elements in water [5].

Liver and Kidney

Once the toxicants cross the biological barriers and enter the bloodstream, they will reach and accumulate in the internal organs of fish. Numerous studies have quantified contaminants in fish organs to evaluate environmental quality, seeking causal relationships with fish health, and, based on these, the liver is likely to be the best choice, followed by the kidney and gills. The liver is reported to be the primary organ for bioaccumulation and thus, has been extensively studied in regards to the toxic effects of xenobiotics. The liver is also a target organ due to its large blood supply which causes noticeable toxicant exposure. In addition, liver is a detoxification organ and it is essential for both, the metabolism and the excretion of toxic substances in the body. The vertebrate kidney is the main organ involved in the maintenance of body fluid homeostasis [6]. The morphology and function of the kidney have been modified through evolution to fulfill different physiological requirement and the widest range of kidney types is found in fishes. The kidney, together with the gills and intestine, are responsible for excretion and the maintenance of the homeostasis of the body fluids and, besides producing urine, act as an excretory route for the metabolites of a variety of xenobiotics to which the fish may be exposed. many studies showed that different toxicants accumulate mainly in metabolic organs such as the liver and kidney which can lead to many histological alterations. Levels of heavy metals such as lead, copper, cadmium, and zinc in marine fish have been extensively documented. These metals tend to distribute differentially between the liver and kidney and other organs, most likely because of metalbinding proteins such as metallothionein’s in the metabolic organs [7].

Fish Meat

The fish meat is a very important, valuable and recommended food in the human nutrition due to low content of fat and high content of proteins and mineral substances as well as optimal ratio of unsaturated fatty acids with cardioprotective effect [8]. On the other hand, fish muscle may be the depositary for different contaminants, which occur in the water ecosystem. Such environmental pollutants are dioxins and PCBs, heavy metals, and organochlorine pesticides are a global threat to food safety, thus fish meat could lose these properties due to environmental contamination. Hydrobionts can bioaccumulate many of these contaminants potentially making seafood of concern for chronic exposure to humans. The metal concentrations in the water are positively correlated with the concentrations in fish tissues, but some research has founded that the metal concentrations in the sediments are the most important factor for their levels in the aquatic biota [9]. Consumption of fish contaminated with heavy metals have deleterious effects on human health which was widely acknowledged after a series of events in the period from 1953 to 1960 when several thousand people died in Japan as a result of poisoning caused by the consumption of mercury contaminated fish. Therefore, concern regarding the presence of heavy metals and other contaminants in seafood has arisen during the last decades.

The Moust Important Heavy Metals for Fish as a Water Pollutants

The contamination of heavy metals and metalloids in water and sediment, when occurring in higher concentrations, is a serious threat because of their toxicity, long persistence, and bioaccumulation and bio magnification in the food chain. Fishes are considered to be most significant bio monitors in aquatic systems for the estimation of metal pollution level, they offer several specific advantages in describing the natural characteristics of aquatic systems and in assessing changes to habitats. In addition, fish are located at the end of the aquatic food chain and may accumulate metals and pass them to human beings through food causing chronic or acute diseases. Studies from the field and laboratory works showed that accumulation of heavy metals in a tissue is mainly dependent on water concentrations of metals and exposure period; although some other environmental factors such as water temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, hardness, salinity, alkalinity and dissolved organic carbon may affect and play significant roles in metal’s accumulation and toxicity to fish [10]. Heavy metals are known to induce oxidative stress and carcinogenesis by mediating free reactive oxygen species. In general, metals can be categorized as biologically essential and non-essential. The nonessential metals such as Al, Cd, Hg, Sn and Pb have no proven biological function, and their toxicity rises with increasing concentrations. Essential metals such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, Mo and Fe on the other hand, have a known important bilogical roles in toxicity. The deficiency of an essential metal can therefore cause an adverse health effect, whereas its high concentration can also result in negative impacts which are equivalent to or worse than those caused by non-essential metals [11]. The toxicity of metals to fish is significantly affected by the form in which they occur in water. The ionic forms of metals or simple inorganic compounds are more toxic than complex inorganic or organic compounds. The toxic action of metals is particularly pronounced in the early stages of fish development and adversely affects various metabolic processes in developing fish, resulting in developmental retardation, morphological and functional deformities, or death of the most sensitive individuals [10]. Heavy metals produce toxic effects at high concentrations, and thus could be considered as risk factors for several diseases [11]. Heavy metals are able to disturb the integrity of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in fish that are not only an important ecosystem component, but also used as a food source [8]. Previous studies have shown that marine and farmed fish and shellfish are significant contributors to consumer intake of some contaminants due to their presence in the aquatic environment and their accumulation in the flesh of fish and shellfish.

Biomarkers can offer additional biologically and ecologically relevant information – a valuable tool for the establishment of guidelines for effective environmental management. So, it can be stated that fish biomarkers are necessary for monitoring environmentally induced alterations to assess the impact of xenobiotic compounds such as heavy metals on fish. Also, it is recommended that treatment of all kinds of wastewaters, sewage and agricultural wastes must be conducted before discharge into the aquatic systems. Also, enforcement of all articles of laws and legislations regarding the protection of aquatic environments must be taken into considerations.

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asoublog · 2 years

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One Shots Masterlist

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kevinszabojrplumbing · 11 months

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The Ultimate Window Health Guide: Why Maintenance Is Key

Preserving Indoor Air Quality

Preventing Mold and Mildew Growth

Enhancing Energy Efficiency

Extending Window Lifespan

Enhancing Safety and Security

Maximizing Natural Light and Views

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yidquotes · 7 years

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Independence Now! from Corporate Domination

#judaism #jumblr

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heroesandvillainsofmbti · 7 years

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ISTJ: Odo, “Star Trek: Deep Space Nine”

ISTJ – the Inspector, the Sentinel, the Trustee

Introducing a shape-shifter to the main cast of a Star Trek show meant that we had the chance to see him turn into all kinds of cool stuff. The limits of television storytelling, however, meant that certain restrictions had to be imposed on his powers. Odo must return to his gelatinous state every 15 hours to regenerate, or he risks falling apart. Also, judging from the unfinished shape of his face, he isn’t very good at imitating people (so, no Mystique-style infiltration missions for him).

Thus, despite his fluid body, Odo has the most rigid personality on DS9.

Dominant Function: (Si) Introverted Sensing, “The Study”

Odo keeps to a predictable schedule—the shopkeepers on the Promenade can set their chronometers by his passing when he makes his rounds. He’s a reliable and trustworthy Security Chief, impartial in his judgments whether he’s serving the Cardassians or Starfleet, because he’s only interested in the real facts of the matter. Starfleet keeps him on after they take over Deep Space Nine, thanks to his familiarity with the station and its denizens.

Odo makes a skillful investigator, picking up on details in his environment that build a picture of the crime or suspects he’s studying. This makes it especially difficult for Quark to get any shenanigans past him. Even when Quark seems to have innocuous motives, Odo suspects him, because past experience has taught him that, “You’re always up to something.”

Odo prides himself on his knowledge of humanoid nature, and often uses the phrase, “It’s been my observation—“ when explaining something he’s learned about them.

Though he could take on any form he wishes, Odo settles on the appearance of a middle-aged, grumpy, humanoid man. When he’s briefly turned into a human, he still keeps such a stiff posture that he gives himself a pinched nerve. He somewhat resembles the scientist who studied and raised him, Dr. Mora, right down to the hairstyle. Even his name is a riff on the label he was given as an “Unknown Sample” (“Odo’ital”) in the lab. Other Changelings he meets chide him for sticking to this one form so consistently, conforming to the looks of average humanoids, but something about the man the crew calls “Constable” seems to express Odo’s essence.

Odo has an innate sense of order, of the way things ought to be, that never changes despite the many cultures and environments he lives in. His people tell him that this is part of being a Changeling, the desire to bring order and sanity to the chaotic existence of the solids (non-shapeshifters). When he gets his own quarters, Dax enjoys making him crazy by moving his furniture around, shifting it slightly out of place. Odo can tell when it’s off by even a centimeter.

When he’s temporarily stuck in human form as punishment, Odo keeps his smooth, somewhat unformed face, partly as a reminder by the Founders that he’s not great at the details of the humanoid form. However, he becomes fascinated by the bubbles in his drink, now that he actually ingests sustenance. He eventually gets his shape-shifting powers back, but Odo keeps his new quarters so he can practice shape-shifting—and his old bucket, which he used to “sleep” in before he got his own space, just for old times’ sake.

Odo doesn’t know where he comes from at first. His quest for his origins remains a driving force, a hardwired part of his genetic code, and he’s grieved to discover that his people are in fact the tyrannical Founders of the Dominion. He’s torn between returning to the Great Link from which he was born, and staying with his loyal friends on Deep Space Nine.

As gruff and surly as he acts, Odo just wants someplace to belong. His personal experiences with the crew of DS9 help prove to him that solids are not evil, nor in need of domination. When he finally returns to the Great Link, he brings this knowledge with him in an effort to enlighten his people.

Auxiliary Function: (Te) Extraverted Thinking, “The Workshop”

Odo lives to enforce law and order on the station. He has rules about not carrying weapons on the Promenade, not loitering, not sleeping, and a host of other things. He brooks no defiance of them. He especially loves calling Quark out for minor infractions of station regulations, just to make him miserable. He gets testy when Worf shows up and interferes with his methods, and has a list of security breaches on the Enterprise to rebut the Klingon’s accusations against the Constable’s abilities.

This side of Odo can go a bit fascist at times, like when he supports the declaration of martial law on Earth in the face of Changeling paranoia. When his job is called into question after Eddington’s defection, he complains that if he’d been given the broader authority he asked for, it never would have happened. He quietly believes that although things were grimmer under Cardassian occupation, at least they were safer. He illegally bugs Quark’s communications, and hints that he might do the same for others on the station as well.

Odo gets this drive from his people, the powerful Founders who run the Dominion empire in the Gamma Quadrant. The temptation to join the Great Link is not just that of returning home, but of joining a greater cause and power. He relates to their need to control the messy lives of solids, but ultimately he can’t go all the way with them in their desire to conquer the galaxy.

Tertiary Function: (Fi) Introverted Feeling, “The Deep Well”

Odo holds to a rigid, personal sense of justice. He serves many masters over the years—Cardassians, Starfleet, the Dominion—but he follows his own code before theirs. He refuses to ever carry or fire a weapon in the course of his duties (being able to shape-shift his arm into a whip certainly helps). A major reason he’s kept on by both Cardassian and Starfleet authorities is his commitment to the truth no matter who he’s working for.

Odo’s not crazy about anyone seeing him revert to his gelatinous state for regeneration time, nor really of anyone seeing his personal feelings about anything. He’s chagrined at the informal, affectionate nickname of “Constable” by which the crew calls him. He’s especially uncomfortable with the deference and adoration lavished on him by Weyoun and the Jem’Hadar, who see him and the Founders as gods.

Odo harbors an intense disgust of Quark that somehow also carries deep regard, though he’d never say it aloud (Quark, being an Fe-dom, can see it simply through Odo’s body language).

I really hesitate to praise anything about the Odo/Kira romance, but it does relax Odo emotionally. He’s awkward and fumbling in expressing his feelings to her over the years. When it’s finally out in the open, he’s the most sincerely happy we ever see him. Sadly, his commitment to his people, and to helping them become a peaceful race, must win out over his relationship to Nerys, and he bids his lover goodbye in the end.

Inferior Function: (Ne) Extraverted Intuition, “The Hiking Trails”

Once Odo reconnects with his people, he has trouble learning how to shape-shift. Not that he’s never done it before, but it was mainly in the line of duty. Learning how to “be” different objects and lifeforms, to experience their essence, seems mysterious and untenable. He asks a lot of questions of the Founder to try to understand the nature of the Great Link, but her answers sound to him evasive and vague.

His fellow lost Changeling-child Laas gets Odo to expand his understanding of what a Changeling can be. He doesn’t have to be defined by the humanoid shape he walks around in most of the day, but Odo doesn’t have much practical use for changing forms multiple times in a day unless it serves his law-keeping purposes. He even derides the humanoid imagination in the episode where everyone’s fantasies are coming to life, which doesn’t surprise Quark at all.

Odo’s Intuition usually serves to make him suspicious and paranoid, which is useful for a security officer but detrimental to his mental well-being. On the less aggressive side, he also gets caught up in linking and shape-shifting with the Female Founder, losing track of time when he’s supposed to be helping Kira and her resistance. However, Odo twice becomes a parental figure to a member of the Dominion—once to a lost Jem’Hadar child and once to a sick little baby Changeling—and he wishes very much to raise them differently from the abusive experiences he suffered, or from the expectations of their kind.

Ultimately, Odo proves more flexible than the other Changelings in one key point—accepting non-shapeshifters and their differences as good rather than something to be feared.

It’s this tiny change in one shape-shifter that ends the war and saves the galaxy.

#MBTI #Star Trek: Deep Space Nine #Odo #Rene Auberjonois #ISTJ #cognitive functions #Si-dom #Si #Introverted Sensing #Te-aux #Te #Extraverted Thinking #Fi #Introverted Feeling #Ne #Extraverted Intuition

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idontevenwannaknow · 5 years

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Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program

It notes that there are division of energy employees occupational illness compensation additionally exceptions in the Social Safety Act for sure federal workers, ministers, and others. Regulatory capture occurs when a state company designed to act in the general public interest as a substitute acts to advance the interests of an important stakeholder group. Requires the President, within a yr and a minimum of every four years thereafter, to enter into a joint settlement with the National Academy of Public Administration and NAS to conduct a coverage assessment of climate change mitigation and adaptation options. In order for a claim to be accepted below dose reconstruction, NIOSH must find that there is at least a fifty percent chance that the claimant’s most cancers was caused by occupational radiation exposure. An additional 151 cases have been denied after dose reconstruction, because NIOSH establishedthat the chance that the claimant’s cancer was associated to their work with radioactive supplies at lower than fifty p.c. It permits eligible claimants to be compensated without the completion of a NIOSH radiation dose reconstruction or willpower of the likelihood of causation. Dose reconstruction is used to determine whether to compensate veterans for different diseases. Nationwide, nearly two-thirds of the instances involving dose reconstruction have been rejected by the Labor Department.

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Do You Know How To Protect Your Body From Radiation Poisoning?

The dangerous radioactive fallout spewing from the damaged Japanese nuclear reactors is developing energy workers compensation program a need for excellent HEPA electronic home air cleaners and HEPA air cleaners to guard families and business from breathing radioactive dust. In Japan the Government told people inside fallout area to be indoors to isolate themselves from the radiation outside. The fact is that this is simply not enough! Homes and buildings are certainly not airtight and outside air will undoubtedly penetrate inside! Quality portable HEPA air cleaners or HEPA air cleaners having a high rate of air exchange by the hour is necessary to keep the indoor environment clean and clear of radioactive dusts that can induce cancers and also other health conditions.

The concept of Grid Parity is definitely the 'holy grail' inside solar industry with solar supporters extolling the necessity for government action to make sure the photovoltaic (PV) industry evolves into a viable competitor to fossil fuel producers. Detractors of the thought of a potential grid parity have traditionally asserted that solar won't contend with fossil fuel energy on price because of the costs associated with installing and PV plant.

What is quite crucial now could be to learn from your recent food contamination issues and search into how one can prevent these pollutants and toxins from entering the human body, and in addition what can be done to get rid of the detrimental body toxins which have already accumulated inside the body. Think of food issues like a turning point for healthy diets, it'll be the true secret of success to diet and weight loss. Eben has not been alone in partaking this poison. The radium craze broke out during the early 1900s, and was promoted as being a miracle cure for anything from acne to impotence. It's value as a placebo was likely amplified by the fact that it had been the only "medicine" that glowed at nighttime; a unique pizazz that undoubtedly captivated people generating it simple to trust the miraculous claims. For three decades, doctors along with the public alike heralded the seemingly endless health improvements of consuming radioactive water. Each NORM, together with having it's radioactive half-life, even offers a substance's biological half-life. The substance's biological half-life measures how much time it will take an appearance to eliminate half of the radioactive substance. There is a lot more variability on this measurement than there is in our first measurement, mainly because it all depends not merely for the isotope, but also the route the isotope took in to the body.

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advertphoto · 4 years

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Foreclosure Lawyer West Jordan Utah

If you are facing foreclosure because you cannot afford the high payments, speak to an experienced West Jordan Utah foreclosure lawyer. You may be a victim of mortgage fraud.

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According to the FBI, “mortgage fraud is defined as the intentional misstatement, misrepresentation, or omission by an applicant or other interested parties, relied on by a lender or underwriter to provide funding for, to purchase, or to insure a mortgage loan.” Mortgage fraud has been traditionally viewed by researchers, government authorities, and industry organizations as either fraud for property or fraud for profit.

Between the two forms of mortgage fraud, fraud for profit schemes “is of most concern to law enforcement and the mortgage industry” (ibid). These schemes are usually made up of fraudsters who are mortgage professionals and have extensive knowledge or experience in the mortgage/real estate industry. The problem, according to the FBI, was that fraud for profit schemes could be so damaging as to have devastating implications for the entire U.S. economy. There are various types of mortgage fraud, that include overinflated appraisals, fictitious financial statements, schemes that involve straw buyers, and foreclosure prevention fraud.

Predatory Lending vs. Mortgage Fraud

The thin line between predatory lending and criminal fraud can be very difficult to distinguish. Various acts of predatory lending can easily cross the line into outright criminal conduct and as a result, it is an important part of our analysis. With regard to mortgage fraud, “a lending institution is deliberately deceived by an actor in the real estate purchase or mortgage origination process”—such as a borrower, broker, appraiser or one of its own employees—into funding a mortgage it would not otherwise have funded, had all the facts been known Predatory lending on the other hand, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA), refers to unethical and detrimental lending practices to borrowers, “including equity stripping and lending based solely on the foreclosure value of the property. Some of these practices can be fraudulent, but defining an exact set of predatory lending practices has been difficult” A joint study by the South Carolina Appleseed Legal Justice Center and the Center for Responsible Lending (2003) found that, while predatory lending was not considered illegal in many states, the practice could be extremely harmful to the borrower since predatory lenders rarely ever considered the ability of their client to repay the loan. Predatory lending practices can be financially or racially motivated and can be very costly to an unsuspecting borrower. For example, borrowers may unknowingly be steered into a subprime mortgage when they qualify for a prime mortgage. Mortgage lenders, for example, may convince borrowers to obtain mortgages with attractive introductory terms and conditions under the guise that such conditions are fixed throughout the term of the loan.

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Predatory lending also involves deliberate deception by mortgage professionals. In general, predatory lending includes charging excessive fees, steering borrowers into bad loans, which net higher profits, and abusing yield-spread premiums.

While predatory lending is harmful and widespread, it is mostly legal. Yet, under certain circumstances, the commission of predatory lending practices may easily cross the legal threshold and become criminal conduct. A mortgage broker who steers his client into a higher cost mortgage loan may at the time same time intentionally overstate financial information in order to qualify the client.

The majority of mortgage loans are originated by third party brokers and financial lenders. Once mortgages are originated and funded, financial lenders quickly package the mortgages and sell them to the secondary mortgage market where they are turned into securities and sold worldwide. The old days of a single bank owning, originating, funding, and serving a mortgage are long gone. The process of a obtaining a mortgage, which starts with the application of the loan and ends with the funding of the loan, has thus become much more complicated and involves many different agents and agencies. Breaking down the major actors, components, and stages of the loan origination process allows for a more precise understanding of the complicated and convoluted nature of the mortgage industry. The process of qualifying a borrower to obtain and complete a mortgage transaction involves many different stages.

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What is Subprime Lending/Subprime Loans?

There are major differences between subprime and prime lending and understanding the concept and practice of subprime lending is an important aspect of this study. The practice of providing credit to borrowers with less than par or lower than average credit worthiness is known as subprime lending. Subprime lending involves various forms of credit including credit cards, auto loans, and mortgages. Several defining factors delineate a prime loan versus a subprime loan. The first is the credit risk of the borrower. Borrowers of subprime loans tend to have a higher risk of default.

The high credit risks posed by borrowers of subprime loans usually translate into higher fees and interest rates charged by the lender, which is the second delineating factor between prime and subprime loans. The fees and interest rates charged by the lender usually equate to higher monthly payments and upfront costs. Since the 1990s, interest rates on subprime loans have been approximately 2 percent higher than the average prime rate. Despite the higher costs associated with obtaining a subprime loan, borrowers usually have no other option.

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Compared to the prime mortgage industry, subprime lending is characterized as having low standards of underwriting. The unprecedented growth of the subprime lending industry since the 1990s and the intense competition that ensued resulted in mortgage products for which anyone could qualify. If the borrower had a bankruptcy, a judgment, a foreclosure, or bad credit history, there would be a subprime loan available. The costs the borrower would have to pay for the mortgage, however, would be much higher in terms of fees and interest related charges. As the number of new financial lenders grew, so did the level of competition; banks were offering more non-traditional and exotic loans to subprime borrowers.

There was a general push by the federal government, private organizations, and the banking industry to increase the homeownership rate among minority families. Coupled with low interest rates and the introduction of new alternative mortgage products that contained attractive introductory incentives, the housing industry experienced tremendous growth, especially among the subprime lending sector.

The competitive environment of the subprime lending industry also led to the decline in qualification standards. Loans were handed out like candy on Halloween. When a financial lender offered a new promotional loan product primarily based on no proof of income required, a competitive lender would immediately introduce a loan that was easier to qualify, such as a no proof of income and employment history required. In order to stay competitive, lenders had to offer more attractive financial products for that were easier to qualify for. A popular mortgage product, for example, was the combo loan, which allowed borrowers to avoid purchasing mortgage insurance. The combo loan product offered the borrower two mortgages that combined, was 100 percent of the home’s value. Borrowers could purchase a home without putting a penny as down payment.

Subprime lending is a very recent phenomenon. Three decades ago, individuals with poor credit histories would have been denied credit but a several major federal deregulatory moves, beginning in the 1980s, changed all of this and set the stage for what we now know as subprime lending. At the same time, these deregulatory moves also opened the door to creative financing and intense competition in the lending industry, which altogether, created ripe conditions for irresponsible lending and outright fraud.

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The process of financial deregulation that loosened banking and commerce restrictions and regulations began in the early 1980s. The deregulation fervor of the early Reagan administration was contagious and “gained widespread political acceptance as a solution to the rapidly escalating savings and loan crisis”. However, the financial legislation that was to follow would completely dismantle the regulatory infrastructure that kept the thrift industry under control for four decades prior. With several strokes of a pen, the financial industry completely changed. New and innovative products and lending practices grew from increased market competition and the desire to increase profits. Deregulation was seen by the Reagan administration and by many economists as the panacea to large government.

The Depository Institutions Deregulatory and Monetary Control Act (DIDMCA) profoundly altered the rules of the banking industry. One of the major changes included the creation of the Depository Institutions Deregulation Committee. The primary task of this committee was to phase out all usury controls, or caps on interest rates. Prior to that time, individuals with poor credit would have been denied credit but the DIDMCA “eliminated all interest rate caps on first-lien mortgage rates, permitting lenders to charge higher interest rates to borrowers who pose elevated credit risks, including those with weaker or less certain credit histories”. This deregulatory move also invited loosely regulated or unregulated institutions into the loan industry, which targeted borrowers who had credit problems. Subprime borrowers became unfortunate victims of the unregulated free enterprise system and became the prey of financial institutions who charged exorbitant fees and interest rates for basic loans. Similar to the Community and Reinvestment Act (CRA), the passage of the DIDMCA involved political motives, which subsequently resulted in disastrous consequences.

The 1982 Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act, passed by Congress, was considered by many to be a primary cause of the savings and loans crisis. This legislation further loosened lending restrictions by preempting state law that restricted financial institutions from lending only conventional loans. It gave banks the authority to lend non-conventional mortgages, which greatly altered the landscape of the lending industry. Title VIII of the Garn-St Germain Act, cited as The Alternative Mortgage Transactions Parity Act of 1982 (AMPTA), provided authority to lending institutions to offer exotic mortgages that included:

• Interest-only mortgages • Balloon-payment mortgages • Negative-Amortization mortgage • No documentation/low documentation or “stated” mortgages • No down payment/100 percent financing mortgages

The Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act also gave banks the ability to charge their borrowers adjustable interest rates. Bank sanctioned ARM’s were intended to address the problem of asset-liability mismatches, a financial problem banks encountered when their liabilities did not correspond with profits earned from long term, low-interest rate mortgages. This major piece of deregulation was intended to strengthen the financial industry by reducing its susceptibility to changes in the financial market. The purpose of the act was “to revitalize the housing industry by strengthening the financial stability of home mortgage lending institutions and ensuring the availability of home mortgage loans”.

Other instrumental legislation included the 1977 Community and Reinvestment Act (CRA), which was signed into law by President Jimmy Carter. The CRA was intended to address a growing concern regarding the deterioration of urban cities, particularly low-income and minority cities in the U.S. Prior to the passage of the CRA, minority communities were often denied access to credit based on discriminatory practices such as redlining and steering. The passage of the act was intended to reduce discrimination in the credit and housing industry by giving financial institutions incentives to “make loans to lowand moderate-income borrowers or areas, an unknown but possibly significant portion of which were subprime loans”. The purpose of this legislation was to ensure that banks and thrifts would expand credit opportunities to a wider population, including homeownership and business opportunities to non-wealthy populations from lower income communities. The CRA was a product of a grassroots effort to provide affordable housing to minority communities.

The law has been modified twice in order to meet the increased monitoring requirements and needs of communities. It is important to note that the CRA set in motion the practice of subprime lending, but only among financial institutions that are federally regulated. The subprime mortgage lending industry that later emerged from the financial deregulations that took place during the 1980s (DIDMCA and the Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act) was not subject to the regulations of the CRA. While these legislative plans set the stage for subprime lending, it was not until 1986 that real estate became widely viewed as a great investment. The demand for mortgage debt greatly increased after the passage of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 2085, 26 U.S.C.A. §§ 47, 1042), which prohibited tax deductions of interest on consumer loans, but allowed interest deductions on mortgages for primary residences as well as one additional home. The passage of this law gave consumers an incentive to obtain real estate to borrow against rather than using consumer credit. The combination of low interest rates in the mid 1990s and rising home values led to record rates of equity borrowing – subprime mortgage cash-out refinances were a popular loan product and a common method homeowners used to access the cash from their home equity.

Proving mortgage fraud in a court of law is complex. However you could use it to fight foreclosure. Speak to an experienced West Jordan Utah foreclosure lawyer today to know how you can save your home from foreclosure.

West Jordan Utah Foreclosure Attorney Free Consultation

When you need legal help with a foreclosure in Utah, please call Ascent Law for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.

Ascent Law LLC 8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506

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mayarosa47 · 4 years

Text

Foreclosure Lawyer West Jordan Utah

If you are facing foreclosure because you cannot afford the high payments, speak to an experienced West Jordan Utah foreclosure lawyer. You may be a victim of mortgage fraud.

Predatory Lending vs. Mortgage Fraud

What is Subprime Lending/Subprime Loans?

West Jordan Utah Foreclosure Attorney Free Consultation

When you need legal help with a foreclosure in Utah, please call Ascent Law for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.

Ascent Law LLC 8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506

Ascent Law LLC

4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews

Recent Posts

Self Storage Unit Lien Law

How Much Does A Legal Separation Cost?

Can I Put A Trademark On My Logo?

Divorce Lawyer Magna Utah

ATV Accident Lawyer Farmington Utah

Duties Of A Utah Probate Personal Representative

from https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/foreclosure-lawyer-west-jordan-utah/

from Criminal Defense Lawyer West Jordan Utah - Blog http://criminaldefenselawyerwestjordanutah.weebly.com/blog/foreclosure-lawyer-west-jordan-utah

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aretia · 4 years

Text

Foreclosure Lawyer West Jordan Utah

If you are facing foreclosure because you cannot afford the high payments, speak to an experienced West Jordan Utah foreclosure lawyer. You may be a victim of mortgage fraud.

youtube

Predatory Lending vs. Mortgage Fraud

youtube

What is Subprime Lending/Subprime Loans?

youtube

West Jordan Utah Foreclosure Attorney Free Consultation

When you need legal help with a foreclosure in Utah, please call Ascent Law for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.

Ascent Law LLC 8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506

Ascent Law LLC

4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews

Recent Posts

Self Storage Unit Lien Law

How Much Does A Legal Separation Cost?

Can I Put A Trademark On My Logo?

Divorce Lawyer Magna Utah

ATV Accident Lawyer Farmington Utah

Duties Of A Utah Probate Personal Representative

Source: https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/foreclosure-lawyer-west-jordan-utah/

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michaeljames1221 · 4 years

Text

Foreclosure Lawyer West Jordan Utah

If you are facing foreclosure because you cannot afford the high payments, speak to an experienced West Jordan Utah foreclosure lawyer. You may be a victim of mortgage fraud.

youtube

Predatory Lending vs. Mortgage Fraud

youtube

What is Subprime Lending/Subprime Loans?

youtube

West Jordan Utah Foreclosure Attorney Free Consultation

When you need legal help with a foreclosure in Utah, please call Ascent Law for your free consultation (801) 676-5506. We want to help you.

Ascent Law LLC 8833 S. Redwood Road, Suite C West Jordan, Utah 84088 United States Telephone: (801) 676-5506

Ascent Law LLC

4.9 stars – based on 67 reviews

Recent Posts

Self Storage Unit Lien Law

How Much Does A Legal Separation Cost?

Can I Put A Trademark On My Logo?

Divorce Lawyer Magna Utah

ATV Accident Lawyer Farmington Utah

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from Michael Anderson https://www.ascentlawfirm.com/foreclosure-lawyer-west-jordan-utah/

from Criminal Defense Lawyer West Jordan Utah https://criminaldefenselawyerwestjordanutah.wordpress.com/2020/04/09/foreclosure-lawyer-west-jordan-utah/

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