#Uto-Aztecan

[tlatollotl]

In case any of you may know someone that could apply to this

[oni1zabvd]

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[kimtranssexler]

is it this guy

YES THANK YOU SO MUCH

[mapsontheweb]

Mexican state names by language of origin.

by u/Josman_

The state name etymologies are:

- Aguascalientes: from Spanish 'aguas calientes' (lit. 'hot waters'). Named after the abundance of hot springs in the region.

- Baja California and Baja California Sur are named after California, a golden mythical land inhabited by Amazon women led by Queen Calafia in the 16th century novel "Las Sergas de Espandián" by Garcí Rodríguez de Montalvo. The name California derives from caliph, it means "Land of the caliph".

- Campeche comes from Yucatec 'kan peech' (lit. 'snakes and ticks').

- Chiapas comes from Náhuatl 'chiapan' (lit' 'chia river', the Aztec name for the Grijalva river).

- Chihuahua has a disputed origin, although it is more likely that it comes from the Concho language, an extinct Uto-Aztecan language. Its meaning is unknown.

- Coahuila comes from Coahuiltec 'coayla' (lit. 'inland'). Originally, it referred to the Monclova Valley.

- Colima comes from Náhuatl 'colimān'. Likely named after Colimotl, the ruler of the Kingdom of Colima at the time of Spanish contact. Its meaning is debated.

- Durango is named after Durango, Spain, hometown of Basque conquistador Francisco de Ibarra (founder of the state's capital). From Basque 'urangoa', formed by 'ur' (water) and angio (valley): 'water valley'.

- Guanajuato comes from Purépecha 'quanax huato' (lit. 'frog hill').

- Guerrero is named after Vicente Guerrero, Mexican Independence War hero. The surname Guerrero means "warrior" in Spanish.

- Hidalgo is named after Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, father of the Mexican Independence War. The surname Hidalgo means 'noble man' (noble as in "member of nobility") in Spanish.

- Jalisco is named after the prehispanic Kingdom of Xālisco. From Náhuatl 'xālisco' (lit. 'sandy place').

- México comes from Náhuatl 'mēxihco' (lit. 'place of the Mexica'). Named after the Mexica, one of the three peoples that formed the Aztec Empire and the rulers of Tenochtitlan and Tlatelolco. The meaning of Mēxihca is debated.

- Michoacán comes from Náhuatl 'michhuahcān' (lit. 'place of fishers'), the Aztec name for the Purépecha Empire, who were known for having a lot of fish since the region has abundant lakes and rivers.

- Morelos is named after José María Morelos y Pavón, Mexican Independence War hero. The surname Morelos derives from moro (Spanish for 'moor').

- Nayarit comes from Cora 'Na'áyeri' (lit. 'place of Na'ayarij'). Na'ayarij, Cora chief at the time of Spanish arrival. His name means "Son of the sun and sky god".

- Nuevo León means 'New León'. It is named after the Kingdom of León in Spain. León comes from Latin 'legion' (lit. 'legion').

- Oaxaca comes from Náhuatl 'huāxyacac' which means 'in the nose of the huaje tree'.

- Puebla is the femenine of Spanish 'pueblo' (lit. 'town').

- Querétaro comes from Purépecha 'kh'eriretarhu' (lit. 'place of the great city').

- Quintana Roo is named after Andrés Quintana Roo, Mexican Independence War hero. The surname Quintana comes from Spanish; a quintāna is a Roman country camp where people used to trade goods. The surname Roo comes from the Galician town of San Xoán de Roo; its meaning is unknown.

- San Luis Potosí takes the name of its capital city, which is named after Saint Louis and Potosí, one of the wealthiest mines in the Spanish Empire, located in modern-day Bolivia. The name Potosí comes from Quechua 'p'otoj' and it means 'thunderous noise'. The city was named after the wealthy mines of Potosí due to the abundance of silver in the region, like those of Potosí.

- Sinaloa comes from Mayo 'sina lobola' (lit. 'round pitaya').

- Sonora comes from the mispronounciation of señora ('lady' in Spanish). The Yaqui Valley was originally called Valle de Nuestra Señora de las Angustias (Valley of Our Lady of Anguish), named after the catholic image brought by Diego de Guzmán, one of the first conquistadors to arrive in Sonora. Since the local population couldn't pronounce the word señora correctly, it morphed into sonora eventually. Hence, the Province of Valle de la Señora became known as Province of Valle de la Sonora.

- Tabasco is named after Taabscob, the ruler of the Putún Kingdom. His name means 'eight lions' in Chontal (possibly refering to a native big cat).

- Tamaulipas comes from Huastec 'tamholipa' (lit. 'place of praying').

- Tlaxcala comes from Náhuatl 'tlaxcallān' (lit. 'place of tortillas'). However, the name Tlaxcala is a deformation of 'texcallān' which means 'place of crags'. It is named after the Tlaxcaltec Kingdom.

- Veracruz comes from Spanish 'vera cruz' (lit. 'true cross').

- Yucatán comes from Yucatec 'yuk ak'atán' which means 'i don't understand you'. The most common version behind this place name is that when Cortés arrived to the Yucatán peninsula, he asked the locals for the name of their land. The native Mayan population did not speak Spanish, so they told him "i don't understand you" which Cortés interpreted as the name of the land.

- Zacatecas comes from Náhuatl 'zacatecatl' which is a demonym used for 'people from Zacatlan', Zacatlan meaning 'place of grass'. Zacatecatl is the Nahua name for the Zacateco people, who inhabited the modern-day state. The name refers to the dry steppes that are commonly found in the region.

[tanadrin]

it’d be fun to go back in time and give joseph smith just enough future archeological information to make mormonism plausible. tell him to say the israelites traveled back in time a few thousand years and mixed with paleo-siberian hunters. say the golden plates were written in uto-aztecan. that kind of thing.

[mochinomnoms]

Hey! Anon who said about the economy of the Inca and stuff!

Sorry if the message came out wrong, I didn’t mean to dismiss the pre-Inca cultures, really sorry about that :(. I meant the last one when the conquistadores came and conquered the land. I always forget the names, sorry :/. I’ll look into that further.

Also, I didn’t know Inca was used for both singular and plural. I always heard the S being included when talked about them in plural, at least in Lima-Peru Spanish, that or I just heard it wrong my entire life holy fuck.

Oh! Almost forgot to ask, are there languages like Quechua in Mexico to this day? Like, are they still taught and talked or?

Oh it's okay! I don't think it's common knowledge? I didn't get taught about it in school at least and I'm in the US. It learned about it for my anthro/archaeology classes.

For the singluar vs plural thing, it might depend on region? I was taught that it was Inca, but it can also be spelled as Inka as well. It might be Incas in Lima, Peru, but I wouldn't know myself. It might be case of referring to the empire equals Inca but the peoples are Incas.

For the language, Quechua is an indigenous language family that originated in South America in Peru and the surrounding countries. It gets confused with the Quechan/Yuma tribe of Arizona, but they are different! I don't know much about it, but it's also referred to as Runasimi and is either one of or the most spoken pre-Columbian language family in the Americas. Technically there are a few different languages within Quechua, think of Quechua like this: Quechua languages equals Romance languages, and it's variates such as Lima equals Spanish or Italian.

From what I could gather, it mostly remains a spoken language, but is one of Peru's, Bolivia's, and Ecuador's official languages, as well as intergraded with bilingual education. In the Andean region, as with other indigenous languages, it has been intermixed with Spanish and Spanish as a dialact is distinct there because of this! These are called loanwords, where words from one language are adopted into another. For Quechua, wawa (infant), misi (cat), waska (strap or thrashing) are common words used instead of their Spanish counterparts bebe, gato, paliza. This is a common thing with most languages, but it's very cool.

For Mexico, the family of languages is entirely different as they're made of up completely different indigenous people! In Western United States and Mexico, most people are familiar with Uto-Aztecan languages and the Mayan languages in Southern Mexico. The Uto-Aztecan languages include over 30 languages such as Hopi, Nahuan, Cupan, Piman, and I couldn't possibly name them all! There are so many of them! For the Mayan languages, it's smaller but one of the best documented ones! They include the Yucatecan branch and the Huastecan branch in Mexico, but there are more in Guatemala, which is also where the Maya empire resided.

Quite a few of these languages are still alive and mostly well, they obviously suffered due to conquest, but are efforts to preserve the language and teach it, though I believe it's mostly at a local level and not national. Mexico isn't very nice to their indigenous peoples from what I'm aware, but I'm not knowledgeable enough to speak on the subject unfortunately, so I don't want to say too much about it without more research.

[language-tournament]

!Xóõ wins!

Nahuatl:

Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahuatl

Excerpt: Nahuatl (English: /ˈnɑːwɑːtəl/ NAH-wah-təl; Nahuatl pronunciation: [ˈnaːwat͡ɬ]), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about 1.7 million Nahua peoples, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller populations in the United States. Nahuatl has been spoken in central Mexico since at least the seventh century CE. It was the language of the Aztec/Mexica, who dominated what is now central Mexico during the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican history. Their influence caused the variety of Nahuatl spoken by the residents of Tenochtitlan to become a prestige language in Mesoamerica

German:

Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language

Excerpt: German (Standard High German): Deutsch, pronounced [dɔʏtʃ], is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol. It is also an official language of Luxembourg and Belgium, as well as a recognized national language in Namibia. Today, German is one of the major languages of the world. It is the most spoken native language within the European Union. German is also widely taught as a foreign language, especially in continental Europe (where it is the third most taught foreign language after English and French)

[madelinelovesick]

Sound Change of the Day - 2024 April 24

/i/ becomes /j/ after /h/, except word-finally.

(Proto-Uto-Aztecan to Hopi)

[tlaquetzqui]

“I question colonial-era narratives of Aztec cannibalism, because they got enough protein to not need cannibalism. Also Nahua sources also describe cannibalism with disgust.”

Okay well that would mean something if the Aztecs’ patron god, Huitzillopochtli, were not also known as Nahualli, “the skinwalker” (in the real sense, “person who can take animal shape and use death-curses due to deliberately breaking taboos”—actually a Uto-Aztecan concept, specifically Hopi, not an Athabascan one native to the Navajo, since the Apache have no such belief). The natives who forced Cortes to fight Tenochtitlan were all Nahua too: they regarded the Tenochca as evil heretics.

Also, the most extensive study of precolumbian cannibalism in the US Southwest, most of which is by cultures like the Hohokam and Anasazi (or Hisatsinom) that probably spoke Uto-Aztecan languages, Man Corn: Cannibalism and Violence in the Prehistoric Southwest, lists the most likely explanations as “social control, social pathology, and some manner of ritual sacrifice”. Notice “nutrition” isn’t on the list? And hmm, was the Aztec Empire known for “social control … and some manner of ritual sacrifice” at all? Anybody?

[officiallordvetinari]

Let's do another language poll

[tlatollotl]

Whats your opinion on chicanos who claim to be indigenous mexica or Purepecha

It's a complicated and sticky issue to wade into when it comes to the formation of identity and culture. And as an outsider, it really isn't my place to say. The only thing I can really comment on is to say that certain claims are not currently supported by archaeology. The biggest claim is one that I can reject with near absolute certainty. That is to say that Aztlan was not located in the American Southwest and the Mexica and their fellow Uto-Aztecan tribes did not make the trek from the U.S. Southwest to the Basin of Mexico.

[nbula-rising]

Hopi 

The Hopi are a Native American tribe who primarily live on the Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona, United States. As of the 2010 census, there are 19,338 Hopi in the country. The Hopi Tribe is a sovereign nation within the United States and has government-to-government relations with the United States federal government. Particular villages retain autonomy under the Hopi Constitution and Bylaws. The Hopi language is one of 30 in the Uto-Aztecan language family. The majority of Hopi people are enrolled in the Hopi Tribe of Arizona but some are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes. The Hopi Reservation covers a land area of 2,531.773 sq mi (6,557.26 km2).

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi

[haorev]

So in worldbuilding I tend to name things in two ways: a bunch of sounds that sound good together to me but not based on any specific language OR two English words stuck together (I feel like this is pretty common for fantasy worldbuilding)

But I’ve been watching a lot of Ancient Americas lately, and I decided I wanted to try to name stuff in a way that’s reminiscent of Nahuatl place names. Not actual Nahuatl words, just sounds that I’ve observed.

I feel like I did okay, but I also am not sure bc I’ve never taken this inspiration before, and I am both very much white and USAmerican and do not speak Nahuatl or any Uto-Aztecan languages. I just really like the way Nahuatl sounds and wanted to play around with using a wider array of inspiration for naming things.

[littlefeather-wolf]

The Hopi are a Native American tribe who primarily live on the Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona, United States. As of the 2010 census, there are 19,338 Hopi in the country.[1] The Hopi Tribe is a sovereign nation within the United States and has government-to-government relations with the United States federal government. Particular villages retain autonomy under the Hopi Constitution and Bylaws. The Hopi language is one of 30 in the Uto-Aztecan language family. The majority of Hopi people are enrolled in the Hopi Tribe of Arizona but some are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes. The Hopi Reservation covers a land area of 2,531.773 sq mi (6,557.26 km2The Hopi people trace their history in Arizona to more than 2,000 years, but their history as a people goes back many more thousands of years. According to their legends, the Hopi migrated north to Arizona from the south, up from what is now South America, Central America and Mexico ... The tribe’s teachings relate stories of a great flood and other events dating to ancient times, marking the Hopi as one of the oldest living cultures in documented history. A deeply religious people, they live by the ethic of peace and goodwill ... The Hopi Reservation, in northeastern Arizona, occupies part of Navajo and Coconino counties and encompasses approximately 1,542,306 acres. Having inhabited this high and dry area since the 12th century, the Hopi have developed a unique agriculture practice, “dry farming.” Instead of plowing their fields, Hopi traditional farmers place “wind breakers” in the fields at selected intervals to retain soil, snow and moisture ... They also have perfected special techniques to plant seeds in arid fields. As a result, they succeed in raising corn, beans, squash, melons and other crops in a landscape that appears inhospitable to farming ... Throughout the Hopi reservation, every village is an autonomous government. However the Hopi Tribal Council makes law for the tribe and sets policy to oversee tribal business ...

[zinepavilion]

Meet Rosa Celestino Bernal and Nicole Patch of Santa Ana College Nealley Library!

Q: Tell us about your "Totonanhuan inintemictlihuan" zine.

A: Our zine is dedicated to our totonanhuan (abuelitas/grandmothers in Nahuatl). Our goal for this zine is to share our experiences learning Nahuatl at UCLA taught by IDIEZ, a non-profit organization focused on the revitilization efforts of Nahuatl, an endangered uto-Aztecan language, promotes Nahuatl research, and teaching the language. Additionally, we include its history, breakdown of the morphology, and translations from Nahuatl to English. Our goal is to one day create a monolingual zine in Nahuatl for it's revitalization.

Q: Why do you love libraries?

A: We are both librarians at Santa Ana College and love our students! As college librarians, we want to provide the best information literacy courses and experience possible so that they are able to achieve life-long learning skills for their own academic endeavors and beyond.

https://sac.edu/library/

____________

Find Zine Pavilion on the #ALAAC23 exhibit floor at booth 2444 TODAY (Friday) through Monday!

[pieratt]

Uto-Aztecan O'odham peoples of Arizona The I'itoi is an indigenous spiritual symbol that signifies the challenging and balancing decisions in one's life that lead us to our ultimate dream state from the product of all of our choices. The ideal is to reach the center of this maze of decisions we make, which is a manifestation of our purpose and dream, and is accepted by the Sun God upon our death.