#armenian manuals
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Romanian vs Armenian manuals!!!
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The manual for the sophisticated Manhattan gent: where to take anyone to dinner. It may not look like anything special today, but in 1934, the U.S. (and even New York) was a strictly meat and potatoes kind of place, where fine dining meant turkey. Swedish food! Chinese! Japanese! Armenian! Only in New York.
Photos: The Cary Collection & Common Crow
#vintage New York#1930s#books#dining#restaurants#dining guide#Tips on Tables#George Ross#ethnic food#going out guide#vintage Manhattan#vintage NYC
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Holidays 1.10
Holidays
Aerial Photography Day
Bangabandhu Homecoming Day (Bangladesh)
Common Sense Day
Cross the Rubicon Day
Dawn Appreciation Day
Dial 110 Day (Japan)
Fête du Vodoun (Benin)
45 Record Adapter Day (a.k.a. 45 RPM Day)
Gypsum Day (French Republic)
Houseplant Appreciation Day
Inner Wheel Day
International Take the High Road Day
International Tintin Day
Laughing Day
League of Nations Day
London Underground Day (UK)
Margaret Thatcher Day (Falkland Islands)
Martyrs’ Day (Panama)
National Cut Your Energy Costs Day
National Day of Loneliness
National Guard Day (Kazakhstan)
National Police Day (China)
National Prank Day
National Shareholders Day
National Voodoo Day (Benin)
Peculiar People Day
Rasputin Day
Recorder Day (Germany)
Rubicon Day
Save the Eagles Day
Sinulog begins (Philippines) [Through 20th]
Sluzzle Tag (from “Gumball”)
Speck Day
Sturdy Flat-Heeled Shoes Appreciation Day
Unicycle Day
Working Journalists’ Day (Turkey)
Food & Drink Celebrations
Bittersweet Chocolate Day
Champagne and Fries Day
Fritkot Day
Indian Tea Day (UK)
National Booch (Kombucha) Day
National Oysters Rockefeller Day
Where's the Beef Day
2nd Wednesday in January
National Take the Stairs Day [2nd Wednesday]
Independence & Related Days
Hanseatic and Confederate States of Achsen (Declared; 2020) [unrecognized]
Majority Rule Day (Bahamas)
MYCUS Republic (Declared; 2018, Dissolved 2019) [unrecognized]
Thomaland (Declared; 2018) [unrecognized]
Festivals Beginning January 10, 2024
Michigan’s Great Beer State Conference & Trade Show (Kalamazoo, Michigan) [thru 1.12]
Potato Expo (Austin, Texas) [thru 1.11]
Feast Days
Agatho, Pope (Roman Catholic)
Behnam, Sarah, and the Forty Martyrs (Armenian Apostolic Church)
Bodhi Day (Buddhism; China) [8th Day of 12th Lunar Month]
Doge of Venice (Christian; Saint)
Eldzier Cortor (Artology)
The Fairy Lunch (Shamanism)
Geraint of Dumnonia Feast Day (Wales)
Gonzalvo (Christian; Saint)
Gregory of Nyssa (Christian; Saint)
Heinrich Zille (Artology)
The Hungry Family (Muppetism)
Ilithyia’s Day of the Midwives (Pagan)
Johannes Zick (Artology)
Leonie Aviat (Christian; Saint)
Mao Tse Tung Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Menu (Positivist; Saint)
Mid-Winter Festival (Ancient Rome)
Obadiah (Coptic Church)
Peculiar People Day (Pastafarian)
Peter Orseolo (Christian; Saint)
Pope Agatho (Roman Catholic)
Sacred Bath (Starza Pagan Book of Days)
Vaudoun Day (Vodoo Festival; Benin)
William Laud (Anglican Communion)
William of Donjeon (Christian; Saint)
World Hindi Day
Hebrew Calendar Holidays [Begins at Sundown Day Before]
Rosh Chodesh Sh’vat [29 Teveth-1 Shevat]
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Binary Day [101] (2 of 9)
Perilous Day (13th Century England) [6 of 32]
Sakimake (先負 Japan) [Bad luck in the morning, good luck in the afternoon.]
Very Unlucky Day (Grafton’s Manual of 1565) [5 of 60]
Premieres
Alice the Golf Bug (Disney Cartoon; 1927)
Arsenic and Old Lace, by Joseph Kesselring (Play; 1941)
The Back-Seat Drivers or Mashed Landing (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 13; 1960)
Baton Bunny (WB LT Cartoon; 1959)
Bullwinkle’s Water Follies or Antlers Aweigh (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 14; 1960)
The City and the Pillar, by Gore Vidal (Novel; 1948)
Common Sense, by Thomas Paine (Pamphlet; 1776)
Crying Wolf (Terrytoons Mighty Mouse Cartoon; 1947)
Evangelion 3.0: You Can (Not) Redo (Animated Film; 2014)
Far From Heaven (Film; 2003)
The Feud (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1936)
Fraggle Rock (TV Series; 1983)
The Greatest Show on Earth (Film; 1952)
The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (Film; 1992)
Her (Film; 2014)
Inherit the Wind, by Jerome Lawrence (Play; 1955)
Introducing… The Beatles (Album; 1964)
The Lamp Lighter (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1938)
Man and His Symbols, by C.G. Jung (Science Book; 1963)
Metropolis (Film; 1927)
The Missing Mouse (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1953)
1917 (Film; 2020)
Paradise City, by Guns ’N’ Roses (Song; 1989)
Problem Pappy (Fleischer Popeye Cartoon; 1941)
Recess: School’s Out (Animated Film; 2001)
Silly Symphony (Newspaper Comic Strip; 1932)
Silvertone, by Chris Isaak (Album; 1985)
The Snowy Day, by Ezra Jack Keats (Children’s Book; 1962)
The Sopranos (TV Series; 1999)
Timber (Disney Cartoon; 1941)
Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, by Hergé (Graphic Novel; 1929) [Tintin #1]
Underwater (Film; 2020)
The Villain’s Curse (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1932)
What a Little Sneeze Will Do (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)
Today’s Name Days
Leonie, Paulus (Austria)
Agaton, Aldo, Dobriša, Dobroslav (Croatia)
Břetislav (Czech Republic)
Paul (Denmark)
Talva, Talve, Talvi (Estonia)
Nyyrikki (Finland)
Guillaume (France)
Leonie, Paul (Germany)
Melánia (Hungary)
Aldo (Italy)
Dorisa, Karmena, Tatjana (Latvia)
Agatonas, Ginvilas, Ginvilė, Palemonas, Vilhelmas (Lithuania)
Sigmund, Sigrun (Norway)
Agaton, Dobrosław, Jan, Nikanor, Paweł, Wilhelm (Poland)
Antipa, Grigorie (Romania)
Dáša (Slovakia)
Gonzalo, Nicanor (Spain)
Sigbritt, Sigurd (Sweden)
Bethany, Darby, Derby, Dermot, Kermit, Kermore, Rhett (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 10 of 2024; 356 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 3 of week 2 of 2024
Celtic Tree Calendar: Beth (Birch) [Day 16 of 28]
Chinese: Month 12 (Jia-Zi), Day 29 (Gui-You)
Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)
Hebrew: 29 Teveth 5784
Islamic: 28 Jumada II 1445
J Cal: 10 White; Threesday [10 of 30]
Julian: 28 December 2023
Moon: 0%: New Moon
Positivist: 10 Moses (1st Month) [Menu]
Runic Half Month: Peorth (Womb, Dice Cup) [Day 1 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 21 of 89)
Zodiac: Capricorn (Day 20 of 31)
Calendar Changes
Peorth (Womb, Dice Cup) [Half-Month 2 of 24; Runic Half-Months] (thru 1.24)
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Holidays 1.10
Holidays
Aerial Photography Day
Bangabandhu Homecoming Day (Bangladesh)
Common Sense Day
Cross the Rubicon Day
Dawn Appreciation Day
Dial 110 Day (Japan)
Fête du Vodoun (Benin)
45 Record Adapter Day (a.k.a. 45 RPM Day)
Gypsum Day (French Republic)
Houseplant Appreciation Day
Inner Wheel Day
International Take the High Road Day
International Tintin Day
Laughing Day
League of Nations Day
London Underground Day (UK)
Margaret Thatcher Day (Falkland Islands)
Martyrs’ Day (Panama)
National Cut Your Energy Costs Day
National Day of Loneliness
National Guard Day (Kazakhstan)
National Police Day (China)
National Prank Day
National Shareholders Day
National Voodoo Day (Benin)
Peculiar People Day
Rasputin Day
Recorder Day (Germany)
Rubicon Day
Save the Eagles Day
Sinulog begins (Philippines) [Through 20th]
Sluzzle Tag (from “Gumball”)
Speck Day
Sturdy Flat-Heeled Shoes Appreciation Day
Unicycle Day
Working Journalists’ Day (Turkey)
Food & Drink Celebrations
Bittersweet Chocolate Day
Champagne and Fries Day
Fritkot Day
Indian Tea Day (UK)
National Booch (Kombucha) Day
National Oysters Rockefeller Day
Where's the Beef Day
2nd Wednesday in January
National Take the Stairs Day [2nd Wednesday]
Independence & Related Days
Hanseatic and Confederate States of Achsen (Declared; 2020) [unrecognized]
Majority Rule Day (Bahamas)
MYCUS Republic (Declared; 2018, Dissolved 2019) [unrecognized]
Thomaland (Declared; 2018) [unrecognized]
Festivals Beginning January 10, 2024
Michigan’s Great Beer State Conference & Trade Show (Kalamazoo, Michigan) [thru 1.12]
Potato Expo (Austin, Texas) [thru 1.11]
Feast Days
Agatho, Pope (Roman Catholic)
Behnam, Sarah, and the Forty Martyrs (Armenian Apostolic Church)
Bodhi Day (Buddhism; China) [8th Day of 12th Lunar Month]
Doge of Venice (Christian; Saint)
Eldzier Cortor (Artology)
The Fairy Lunch (Shamanism)
Geraint of Dumnonia Feast Day (Wales)
Gonzalvo (Christian; Saint)
Gregory of Nyssa (Christian; Saint)
Heinrich Zille (Artology)
The Hungry Family (Muppetism)
Ilithyia’s Day of the Midwives (Pagan)
Johannes Zick (Artology)
Leonie Aviat (Christian; Saint)
Mao Tse Tung Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Menu (Positivist; Saint)
Mid-Winter Festival (Ancient Rome)
Obadiah (Coptic Church)
Peculiar People Day (Pastafarian)
Peter Orseolo (Christian; Saint)
Pope Agatho (Roman Catholic)
Sacred Bath (Starza Pagan Book of Days)
Vaudoun Day (Vodoo Festival; Benin)
William Laud (Anglican Communion)
William of Donjeon (Christian; Saint)
World Hindi Day
Hebrew Calendar Holidays [Begins at Sundown Day Before]
Rosh Chodesh Sh’vat [29 Teveth-1 Shevat]
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Binary Day [101] (2 of 9)
Perilous Day (13th Century England) [6 of 32]
Sakimake (先負 Japan) [Bad luck in the morning, good luck in the afternoon.]
Very Unlucky Day (Grafton’s Manual of 1565) [5 of 60]
Premieres
Alice the Golf Bug (Disney Cartoon; 1927)
Arsenic and Old Lace, by Joseph Kesselring (Play; 1941)
The Back-Seat Drivers or Mashed Landing (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 13; 1960)
Baton Bunny (WB LT Cartoon; 1959)
Bullwinkle’s Water Follies or Antlers Aweigh (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 14; 1960)
The City and the Pillar, by Gore Vidal (Novel; 1948)
Common Sense, by Thomas Paine (Pamphlet; 1776)
Crying Wolf (Terrytoons Mighty Mouse Cartoon; 1947)
Evangelion 3.0: You Can (Not) Redo (Animated Film; 2014)
Far From Heaven (Film; 2003)
The Feud (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1936)
Fraggle Rock (TV Series; 1983)
The Greatest Show on Earth (Film; 1952)
The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (Film; 1992)
Her (Film; 2014)
Inherit the Wind, by Jerome Lawrence (Play; 1955)
Introducing… The Beatles (Album; 1964)
The Lamp Lighter (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1938)
Man and His Symbols, by C.G. Jung (Science Book; 1963)
Metropolis (Film; 1927)
The Missing Mouse (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1953)
1917 (Film; 2020)
Paradise City, by Guns ’N’ Roses (Song; 1989)
Problem Pappy (Fleischer Popeye Cartoon; 1941)
Recess: School’s Out (Animated Film; 2001)
Silly Symphony (Newspaper Comic Strip; 1932)
Silvertone, by Chris Isaak (Album; 1985)
The Snowy Day, by Ezra Jack Keats (Children’s Book; 1962)
The Sopranos (TV Series; 1999)
Timber (Disney Cartoon; 1941)
Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, by Hergé (Graphic Novel; 1929) [Tintin #1]
Underwater (Film; 2020)
The Villain’s Curse (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1932)
What a Little Sneeze Will Do (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)
Today’s Name Days
Leonie, Paulus (Austria)
Agaton, Aldo, Dobriša, Dobroslav (Croatia)
Břetislav (Czech Republic)
Paul (Denmark)
Talva, Talve, Talvi (Estonia)
Nyyrikki (Finland)
Guillaume (France)
Leonie, Paul (Germany)
Melánia (Hungary)
Aldo (Italy)
Dorisa, Karmena, Tatjana (Latvia)
Agatonas, Ginvilas, Ginvilė, Palemonas, Vilhelmas (Lithuania)
Sigmund, Sigrun (Norway)
Agaton, Dobrosław, Jan, Nikanor, Paweł, Wilhelm (Poland)
Antipa, Grigorie (Romania)
Dáša (Slovakia)
Gonzalo, Nicanor (Spain)
Sigbritt, Sigurd (Sweden)
Bethany, Darby, Derby, Dermot, Kermit, Kermore, Rhett (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 10 of 2024; 356 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 3 of week 2 of 2024
Celtic Tree Calendar: Beth (Birch) [Day 16 of 28]
Chinese: Month 12 (Jia-Zi), Day 29 (Gui-You)
Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)
Hebrew: 29 Teveth 5784
Islamic: 28 Jumada II 1445
J Cal: 10 White; Threesday [10 of 30]
Julian: 28 December 2023
Moon: 0%: New Moon
Positivist: 10 Moses (1st Month) [Menu]
Runic Half Month: Peorth (Womb, Dice Cup) [Day 1 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 21 of 89)
Zodiac: Capricorn (Day 20 of 31)
Calendar Changes
Peorth (Womb, Dice Cup) [Half-Month 2 of 24; Runic Half-Months] (thru 1.24)
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Abridge sentences
#Abridge sentences movie#
#Abridge sentences manual#
The Chalet Books, slightly abridged, are being reissued in the Armada series. Example sentences with the word abridged.
#Abridge sentences manual#
Gaume's Manual for Confessors, abridged and "adapted to the use of the English Church.". He was the author of an alphabetical lexicon, chiefly of poetical words, abridged from the great lexicon (llEpi yXcovv(7w) of Pamphilus of Alexandria (fl. An abridged German translation has been made by G. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. 20 examples: An abridged version of this lecture is presented below. Abridged quotes from YourDictionary: Master Gascoigne is not to bee abridged of his deserved esteeme, who first beate the path to that perfection which … 5. Scott and Hillary agreed to abridge their story, leaving out some of the more frightening details so … 3. L'élaboration du présent rapport périodique abrég é, qui couvre en gros la période de 25 ans, allant de 1982 à 2002, n'a pas été tâche facile. There are 6 example sentences for abridged. 1234) abridged the whole work, usually with judgment, but sometimes too hastily. It was an abridged version, excluding any mention of last night's session at Lydia's apartment but detailing the missing bones and Dean's suspicion concerning Billy Langstrom's death. Till recently it was known only in an abridged Armenian version which was translated into French by V. Ģ2.i could write a whole list on the lost etiquette of dinner - but i shall simply Abridge it for this list.Ģ3.the time is limited, so he Abridge his composition.Ģ4.tess wished to Abridge her visit as much as possible but the young man was pressing, and she consented to accompany him.Ģ5.but this man of the cloth would not Abridge sermons calling on his abstemious parishioners to also abrogate human bondage.Ģ6.and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and Abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.Ģ7.(other editions 1834, 1836, &c.), and an abridged edition by W. ġ7.the facts indicate that poland should become Abridge connecting east and west.ġ8.i Abridge, i stop, i have too much the advantage ġ9.book publisher may alter or Abridge a work with the permission of the copyright owner.Ģ0.thus he may Abridge his travel with much profit.Ģ1.some problems can't be covered up with " Abridge" or "simplification". using j2ee patterns can optimize system performance remarkably and enhance numerous aspects of the system, including maintainability, extensibility, and reusability, and also can Abridge the developing time greatly.ġ2.the regime continued to Abridge the right of citizens to change their government and committed other severe human rights abuses.ġ4.the solicitors disciplinary tribunal may extend or Abridge the time for doing anything under these rules.ġ5.traditionally, locals do not abbreviate it to "r.v." or Abridge it to "royston".ġ6.traditionally, locals do not abbreviate it to "r.
#Abridge sentences movie#
1.article 33 book publishers may modify or Abridge works with the license of authors.Ģ.no state shall make or enforce any law which shall Abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the united states Ĥ.we have to Abridge the movie because it is too long.ĥ.article 33 a book publisher may alter or Abridge a work with the permission of the copyright owner.Ħ.the circuit simulations could reduce the cost and Abridge exploitation cycle in design of pdp driver ic.ħ.there is a gap between the theory and practice of brand extension the dissertation puts forward an improved model to Abridge it.Ĩ.not only is rational water resource development and construction of junior water electricity favorable to country and people, but also can critically speed up region economic development and Abridge area economic discrepancy as an abundance of water power in my country.ĩ.she decided to Abridge her stay in campus since she wants to hunt for a job immediately.ġ0.tis less discredit to Abridge petty charges, than to stoop to petty getting.ġ1.the j2ee patterns are a collection of j2ee-based solutions to common problems.
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Holidays 1.10
Holidays
Aerial Photography Day
Common Sense Day
Cross the Rubicon Day
Dawn Appreciation Day
Fête du Vodoun (Benin)
45 Record Adapter Day (a.k.a. 45 RPM Day)
Houseplant Appreciation Day
Incwala Day (Eswatini, f.k.a. Swaziland)
Inner Wheel Day
International Take the High Road Day
International Tintin Day
Laughing Day
League of Nations Day
Margaret Thatcher Day (Falkland Islands)
Martyrs’ Day (Panama)
National Cut Your Energy Costs Day
National Day of Loneliness
National Shareholders Day
Peculiar People Day
Rasputin Day
Recorder Day (Germany)
Save the Eagles Day
Sinulog begins (Philippines) [Through 20th]
Speck Day
Sturdy Flat-Heeled Shoes Appreciation Day
Unicycle Day
Food & Drink Celebrations
Bittersweet Chocolate Day
Champagne and Fries Day
Fritkot Day
Indian Tea Day (UK)
National Booch (Kombucha) Day
National Oysters Rockefeller Day
Where's the Beef Day
2nd Tuesday in January
Majority Rule Day (Bahamas) [2nd Tuesday]
National Poetry at Work Day [2nd Tuesday]
National Shop For Travel Day [2nd Tuesday]
What You Don't Know Day [2nd Tuesday]
Independence Days
Hanseatic and Confederate States of Achsen (Declared; 2020) [unrecognized]
Feast Days
Behnam, Sarah, and the Forty Martyrs (Armenian Apostolic Church)
Bodhi Day (Buddhism; China) [8th Day of 12th Lunar Month]
Geraint of Dumnonia Feast Day (Wales)
Gregory of Nyssa (Christian; Saint)
The Hungry Family (Muppetism)
Leonie Aviat (Christian; Saint)
Mao Tse Tung Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Menu (Positivist; Saint)
Mid-Winter Festival (Ancient Rome)
Obadiah (Coptic Church)
Peter Orseolo (Christian; Saint)
Pope Agatho (Roman Catholic)
Spam Spam Spam Spam Spam Spam Spam Day (Pastafarian)
Vaudoun Day (Vodoo Festival; Benin)
William Laud (Anglican Communion)
William of Donjeon (Christian; Saint)
World Hindi Day
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Perilous Day (13th Century England) [6 of 32]
Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]
Very Unlucky Day (Grafton’s Manual of 1565) [5 of 60]
Premieres
Alice the Golf Bug (Disney Cartoon; 1927)
Arsenic and Old Lace (Play; 1941)
Common Sense (Pamphlet; 1776)
Fraggle Rock (TV Series; 1983)
The Greatest Show on Earth (Film; 1952)
The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (Film; 1992)
Introducing… The Beatles (Album; 1964)
Metropolis (Film; 1927)
Paradise City, by Guns ’N’ Roses (Song; 1989)
Silvertone, by Chris Isaak (Album; 1985)
The Sopranos (TV Series; 1999)
Timber (Disney Cartoon; 1941)
Underwater (Film; 2020)
Today’s Name Days
Leonie, Paulus (Austria)
Agaton, Aldo, Dobriša, Dobroslav (Croatia)
Břetislav (Czech Republic)
Paul (Denmark)
Talva, Talve, Talvi (Estonia)
Nyyrikki (Finland)
Guillaume (France)
Leonie, Paul (Germany)
Melánia (Hungary)
Aldo (Italy)
Dorisa, Karmena, Tatjana (Latvia)
Agatonas, Ginvilas, Ginvilė, Palemonas, Vilhelmas (Lithuania)
Sigmund, Sigrun (Norway)
Agaton, Dobrosław, Jan, Nikanor, Paweł, Wilhelm (Poland)
Antipa, Grigorie (Romania)
Dáša (Slovakia)
Gonzalo, Nicanor (Spain)
Sigbritt, Sigurd (Sweden)
Bethany, Darby, Derby, Dermot, Kermit, Kermore, Rhett (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 10 of 2023; 355 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 2 of week 2 of 2023
Celtic Tree Calendar: Beth (Birch) [Day 17 of 28]
Chinese: Month 12 (Dōngyuè), Day 19 (Wu-Chen)
Chinese Year of the: Tiger (until January 22, 2023)
Hebrew: 17 Teveth 5783
Islamic: 17 Jumada II 1444
J Cal: 10 Aer; Threesday [10 of 30]
Julian: 28 December 2022
Moon: 88%: Waning Gibbous
Positivist: 10 Moses (1st Month) [Menu]
Runic Half Month: Peorth (Womb, Dice Cup) [Day 2 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 21 of 90)
Zodiac: Capricorn (Day 20 of 30)
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Text
Holidays 1.10
Holidays
Aerial Photography Day
Common Sense Day
Cross the Rubicon Day
Dawn Appreciation Day
Fête du Vodoun (Benin)
45 Record Adapter Day (a.k.a. 45 RPM Day)
Houseplant Appreciation Day
Incwala Day (Eswatini, f.k.a. Swaziland)
Inner Wheel Day
International Take the High Road Day
International Tintin Day
Laughing Day
League of Nations Day
Margaret Thatcher Day (Falkland Islands)
Martyrs’ Day (Panama)
National Cut Your Energy Costs Day
National Day of Loneliness
National Shareholders Day
Peculiar People Day
Rasputin Day
Recorder Day (Germany)
Save the Eagles Day
Sinulog begins (Philippines) [Through 20th]
Speck Day
Sturdy Flat-Heeled Shoes Appreciation Day
Unicycle Day
Food & Drink Celebrations
Bittersweet Chocolate Day
Champagne and Fries Day
Fritkot Day
Indian Tea Day (UK)
National Booch (Kombucha) Day
National Oysters Rockefeller Day
Where's the Beef Day
2nd Tuesday in January
Majority Rule Day (Bahamas) [2nd Tuesday]
National Poetry at Work Day [2nd Tuesday]
National Shop For Travel Day [2nd Tuesday]
What You Don't Know Day [2nd Tuesday]
Independence Days
Hanseatic and Confederate States of Achsen (Declared; 2020) [unrecognized]
Feast Days
Behnam, Sarah, and the Forty Martyrs (Armenian Apostolic Church)
Bodhi Day (Buddhism; China) [8th Day of 12th Lunar Month]
Geraint of Dumnonia Feast Day (Wales)
Gregory of Nyssa (Christian; Saint)
The Hungry Family (Muppetism)
Leonie Aviat (Christian; Saint)
Mao Tse Tung Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)
Menu (Positivist; Saint)
Mid-Winter Festival (Ancient Rome)
Obadiah (Coptic Church)
Peter Orseolo (Christian; Saint)
Pope Agatho (Roman Catholic)
Spam Spam Spam Spam Spam Spam Spam Day (Pastafarian)
Vaudoun Day (Vodoo Festival; Benin)
William Laud (Anglican Communion)
William of Donjeon (Christian; Saint)
World Hindi Day
Lucky & Unlucky Days
Perilous Day (13th Century England) [6 of 32]
Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]
Very Unlucky Day (Grafton’s Manual of 1565) [5 of 60]
Premieres
Alice the Golf Bug (Disney Cartoon; 1927)
Arsenic and Old Lace (Play; 1941)
Common Sense (Pamphlet; 1776)
Fraggle Rock (TV Series; 1983)
The Greatest Show on Earth (Film; 1952)
The Hand That Rocks the Cradle (Film; 1992)
Introducing… The Beatles (Album; 1964)
Metropolis (Film; 1927)
Paradise City, by Guns ’N’ Roses (Song; 1989)
Silvertone, by Chris Isaak (Album; 1985)
The Sopranos (TV Series; 1999)
Timber (Disney Cartoon; 1941)
Underwater (Film; 2020)
Today’s Name Days
Leonie, Paulus (Austria)
Agaton, Aldo, Dobriša, Dobroslav (Croatia)
Břetislav (Czech Republic)
Paul (Denmark)
Talva, Talve, Talvi (Estonia)
Nyyrikki (Finland)
Guillaume (France)
Leonie, Paul (Germany)
Melánia (Hungary)
Aldo (Italy)
Dorisa, Karmena, Tatjana (Latvia)
Agatonas, Ginvilas, Ginvilė, Palemonas, Vilhelmas (Lithuania)
Sigmund, Sigrun (Norway)
Agaton, Dobrosław, Jan, Nikanor, Paweł, Wilhelm (Poland)
Antipa, Grigorie (Romania)
Dáša (Slovakia)
Gonzalo, Nicanor (Spain)
Sigbritt, Sigurd (Sweden)
Bethany, Darby, Derby, Dermot, Kermit, Kermore, Rhett (USA)
Today is Also…
Day of Year: Day 10 of 2023; 355 days remaining in the year
ISO: Day 2 of week 2 of 2023
Celtic Tree Calendar: Beth (Birch) [Day 17 of 28]
Chinese: Month 12 (Dōngyuè), Day 19 (Wu-Chen)
Chinese Year of the: Tiger (until January 22, 2023)
Hebrew: 17 Teveth 5783
Islamic: 17 Jumada II 1444
J Cal: 10 Aer; Threesday [10 of 30]
Julian: 28 December 2022
Moon: 88%: Waning Gibbous
Positivist: 10 Moses (1st Month) [Menu]
Runic Half Month: Peorth (Womb, Dice Cup) [Day 2 of 15]
Season: Winter (Day 21 of 90)
Zodiac: Capricorn (Day 20 of 30)
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Short Escape to Penang! (1)
Halo! Rasanya sudah cukup lama aku tidak update tumblrku hehe. Niat itu akhirnya bisa terealisasikan hari ini, karena sebelumnya sering banget udah niat untuk nulis, tapi ujung-ujungnya buka laptop aja rasanya mager betul. Kali ini aku mau cerita sedikit tentang pengalaman liburan singkatku pada bulan Desember kemarin, sekalian sharing sedikit tentang Penang, wisata-wisata, makanan, transportasi, biaya dan sebagainya. Liburan yang bisa dibilang gak dadakan tapi segala sesuatunya dipersiapkan cukup dadakan(?)
Berawal dari temanku Novita, yang mengajak untuk pergi liburan. Awal kami bukan berencana ke Penang, tapi ke Singapura. Ketika lihat harga tiket pesawatnya, rasanya terlalu mahal untuk budget yang kupunya saat itu hehe. Memang sempat Novita menyebut Penang, tapi ketika itu baru sekedar sebut saja. Setelah mencari informasi apa saja yang menarik disana, sepertinya boleh juga. Penang cukup terkenal dengan perpaduan budayanya dan kulinernya. Sepertinya menarik untuk sekalian hunting foto hehe. Tidak lama kemudian Novita secara kebetulan melihat harga tiket yang bisa dibilang cukup murah untuk penerbangan Internasional, bahkan jauh lebih murah dari biasanya. Saat itu jujur saja aku masih belum bisa memastikan karena pasporku sendiri habis masa berlakunya. Tiba-tiba Novita sudah beli tiket duluan :’) dan ketika aku cek harga tiket, penerbangan yang sama dengan Novita harganya naik lumayan jauh. Bedanya sekitar dua ratus ribu rupiah. Akhirnya selagi menunggu harga tiket berubah (sambil berdoa wkwk), aku memperpanjang pasporku. Setelah urusan paspor selesai, harga tiketnya kembali promo! Sayangnya ketika itu hanya tiket berangkat yang promo, pulangnya tidak. Akhirnya setelah mikir-mikir, aku beli tiket berangkat terlebih dahulu (one way). Yaudahlah ya urusan pulang liat nanti aja haha. Gak sampai 5 menit setelah book tiket berangkat, tiket pulangnya harga promo juga! Langsung lah akhirnya sekalian book tiket pulangnya (dengan penerbangan sama persis sama Novita). Untuk tiket pesawat, harga pulang dan pergi yaitu Rp660.000. Lumayan kan ya, bahkan lebih murah dari pada penerbangan domestik sekarang :’) Oh ya ini maskapainya yang logonya warna hijau. Adiknya maskapai logo biru (tau lah ya hehe).
Waktu itu tiketnya kami beli dua bulan sebelum keberangkatan, Novita beli seminggu lebih awal dariku. Untungnya pas banget kami benar-benar dapat penerbangan yang sama :’) dan cutiku juga pas 3 hari dan mau tidak mau habis di bulan Desember itu. Setelah beli tiket, aku dan Novita masing-masing masih bekerja, sebulan pertama juga kami belum membahas itinerary, penginapan dan lain-lainnya. Di akhir bulan November kalau tidak salah kami berdua mulai mencari destinasi wisata dan penginapan.
Nah, untuk penginapan, kami sengaja mencari penginapan yang review lokasinya strategis. Setelah menemukan beberapa pilihan dengan harga terjangkau, akhirnya kami memutuskan untuk memilih penginapan di Rabbit X Holdup di daerah Georgetown, yang mana tempat tersebut juga merupakan kafe dan bar (bisa cek disini: https://tinyurl.com/AirBnbRabbitXHoldup).
Untuk rate hotel-hotel disini banyak juga yang lebih murah, biasanya model hostel/hotel kapsul untuk backpacker dan yang lebih mahal seperti apartemen/hotel besar. Tergantung lokasi dan fasilitasnya juga. Saranku, ada baiknya booking AirBnb yang udah diincar paling lambat 2 minggu sebelum. Saat itu aku booking di akhir Oktober (H-sebulan) karena emang takut aja nanti keburu full booked :") tapi tenang aja karena disana banyak banget penginapan bagus-bagus dengan harga terjangkau.
Di penginapan yang kami pilih, biaya untuk 4 hari 3 malam, totalnya sekitar 1,1 juta-an berdua. Fasilitasnya ya nggak begitu banyak sih, tapi itu private room, ada water heater juga, ber-AC, bersih dan cukup nyaman. Kebetulan kami dapat kamar yang paling dekat sama pintu depan, jadi suara berisik-berisik dari bar di belakang gak terlalu mengganggu. Menurutku ini cukup sesuai lah harganya dengan fasilitas dan kenyamanannya. Yang agak kurang mungkin kalo awal masuk kamar agak sumpek aja karena emang gak ada jendela yang langsung bisa bertukar udara sama udara luar, cuma ada jendela kecil dan emang jam malam dari jam 10-2 pagi ya ada suara-suara berisik dari bar, tapi ga begitu mengganggu (ini juga udah diperingatkan di website AirBnbnya). Pokoknya persis banget sama yang ada di web AirBnb kondisi kamarnya, kebetulan gak foto kamar keseluruhan kayanya waktu sampe sana hehe. Plusnya, sumpah ini tempatnya benar-benar strategis. Jalan kaki sebentar, udah sampai ke terminal bus KOMTAR, pusat perbelanjaan dan wisata heritage. Gak cuma itu, sepanjang jalan dekat penginapan juga banyak street food yang udah cukup terkenal disana. Sayangnya karena kami agak takut itu gak halal, kami gak banyak jajan street food yang ada di sepanjang jalan itu (mostly chinese food soalnya).
Penang Day 1!
Lanjut ke sesampainya kami di Penang hari Kamis, 11 Desember 2019. Super excited! Cuaca Penang cerah saat itu. Kami sampai di Penang International Airport sekitar jam 1 siang. Baru sampai disana, baca tulisan petunjuk bahasa Malaysia yang cukup asing(?) sambil nebak-nebak itu artinya apa ya.... Tapi sampai imigrasipun lancar, cuma ditanya “mau berlibur?” “tinggal dimana?” “sama siapa pergi?” dan ternyata agak susah untuk mengerti dia ngomong apa hahaha. Aksen dan cara bicaranya yang agak cepat bikin kita “Hah?” gitu. Ternyata gak semudah itu haha.
Setelah keluar imigrasi dan ambil bagasi, kami langsung tuker simcard perbekalan dari Jakarta. Ternyata simcardnya udah expired hahaha. Entah kenapa aku malah rada panik karena bingung ini ngomongnya gimana ya. Di dekat pintu keluar ini ada counter simcard (kalo gak salah ada 3 pilihan provider), kebetulan aku langsung pilih yang sama dengan yang kubawa dari Jakarta aja, namanya TuneTalk. Akhirnya setelah tanya-tanya dan lihat paketnya, kami pilih yang masa berlaku 7 hari, 15 GB seharga 25 RM. Untuk rupiah-nya kaliin aja sekitar 3500 ya. Untungnya, mba-mbanya jelas bicaranya, jadi gak bingung disini. Langsung deh aktif. Ohiya di bandara ini ada kok wifi gratis, walaupun sinyalnya gak begitu kuat. Karena pusing sama simcard, sampe lupa sih foto kondisi bandaranya gimana haha.
Untuk ke penginapan sendiri, kami berencana naik bus Rapid Penang karena tarifnya cukup murah. Kalau gak salah paling mahal 3 RM/orang tergantung jaraknya. Bus ini juga masih manual, jadi kita harus ngomong sama pak supirnya kita mau turun dimana. Nanti pak supirnya yang langsung kasih tau harganya berapa dan kalau bisa uang pas. Siapin receh yang banyak kalau mau naik bus kemana-mana, karena dia gak akan menyediakan kembalian. Untuk ke Georgetown tempat kami menginap, bisa naik bus nomor 102 atau 401. Awalnya kami kira cuma bisa naik 102, padahal sebelumnya ada 2 kali bus 401 lewat. Ternyata pas ada bus 102, berangkatnya setengah jam lagi. Iseng-iseng coba grab, ternyata harganya 24RM. Seketika batal deh naik bus, akhirnya nyerah nunggu dan pilih yang cepet aja hehe. Perlu diingat, di grab kita gak diperbolehkan untuk makan apapun walaupun cuma cemilan, makanan ringan. Kalau permen, kurang tau ya. Disini juga cuma ada Grab car sama Grab food, gak ada Grab bike :’) Tapi harganya terjangkau kok, sama aja kaya di Jakarta. Lokasi untuk naik bus ini setelah keluar pintu bandara, nyebrang dan jalan ke sebelah kiri, nanti akan terlihat haltenya. Pesan Grab juga diperbolehkan di jemput di halte ini. Perjalanan ke Georgetown sekitar 30 menit. Kebetulan gak ada macet juga. Perjalanan lancar dan langsung sampai persis di depan penginapan
Setelah dapat kunci, langsung taruh barang. Karena waktu udah sore, kami memutuskan di hari pertama ini jalan-jalan di sekitar Georgetown sambil cari-cari street art yang jadi salah satu daya tarik Penang. Saat itu sekitar jam 5 sore. Kami jalan kaki, bermodalkan google maps dan browsing-browsing google dimana lokasi-lokasi street artnya. Di depan penginapan pun juga ada street artnya!
Di Georgetown ini, banyak banget spot-spot foto aesthetic! Bangunan-bangunannya terlihat cukup tua dan sepenglihatanku lebih banyak toko-toko dengan tulisan China. Selain street art, disini banyak kafe-kafe kekinian yang letaknya agak ngumpet. Untuk street artnya sendiri, sebenarnya kayanya cukup banyak, tapi beberapa tempatnya juga agak terpencil tempatnya. Tapi Alhamdulillah aku sama Novita berhasil nemu hampir semua street art yang cukup terkenal disini (yang paling terkenal yang anak-anak main sepeda dan main ayunan, tapi yang main ayunan letaknya lebih dekat ke daerah Jetty). Setelah jalan dan terus berjalan agak bingung, kok sepi banget ya? Kaya gaada kehidupan haha. Toko-tokopun banyak sekali yang tutup. Entah sudah terlalu sore atau karena ini weekdays. Tapi kami tetap lanjut berjalan menyusuri Georgetown untuk mencari street art.
-Suasana di kota Georgetown di sore hari
Di perjalanan, kami menemukan tempat ibadah yang cukup besar di tengah-tengah pemukiman. Sepertinya tempat ini adalah tempat ibadah yang dibangun dan diperuntukkan untuk keluarga besar. Sayangnya aku lupa ini di jalan apa, tapi ini tidak terlalu jauh dari penginapan kami.
Kami juga nemu kaca bekas dipinggir jalan. Ternyata lucu juga buat mirror selfie! Our first foto berdua di Penang :’) Tanpa disengaja, outfit kita se-tone~
Setelah foto-foto di sekitar sini, kami berjalan menuju Armenian Street/Lebuh Armenian. Di sini ;letak salah satu street art yang cukup terkenal, yaitu anak-anak naik sepeda. Ketika sampai, ternyata tidak begitu ramai (mungkin karena ini weekday) jadi tidak perlu antri panjang untuk foto. Di sini kami dibantu foto oleh turis asing yang nampaknya solo traveler. Setelah itu dia juga minta tolong untuk difotokan, beda banget sama kami, dia langsung dengan pedenya berpose macam-macam :”) Disebrang street art ini juga ada street art lainnya yang dibuat dengan semacam besi/kawat yang dibentuk menjadi gambar. Armenian Street dan sekitarnya merupakan lokasi yang cukup banyak kafe lucu dan terkenal. Ada toko gelato persis di samping street art ini, juga China House yang sangat recommended yang akan kubahas nanti~
Ada kafe yang bagus juga disebelah kanannya. Sayangnya kita ga sempet cobain kesitu sampai hari terakhir :’) Giliran nyoba kesana di hari kedua, ternyata udah tutup :’) Cuma sempet foto dari luar aja dan cuma dibagian lucunya haha. Kalo gasalah itu kafe dan bakery gitu. Lupa juga namanya apa, pokoknya ada roti-rotinya namanya, tapi lupa bahasa apa.
Setelah dari sini, kami memutuskan untuk mencari makan malam. Ohiya, disini jam 7 malampun masih terang! Setelah jalan dan terus berjalan kami sampai ke kawasan Little India dan menemukan restoran Kapitan di Macalister Street yang menjual makanan India.
Kalau gak salah restoran ini juga cukup terkenal dan selalu ramai pengunjung. Akhirnya kami memutuskan untuk makan disana. Harganya juga tidak mahal, antara 3-5 RM untuk makanan roti (canai/naan), sedangkan untuk nasi biryani dan sejenisnya sepertinya diatas 5 RM tapi tetap tidak terlalu mahal dengan porsinya yang cukup besar. Karena Roti Canai adalah menu sarapan yang tersedia pagi sampai dengan jam 11, kami memesan roti Naan, yang dilengkapi dengan kuah kari dan teh tarik. Ohya untuk teh disini juga ada teh O, teh kosong yang sampai sekarangpun aku bingung apa bedanya haha saat kami tanya ke pegawainya, dijelaskan dan belum ngerti juga, dia tertawa. Si mas-nya ini mirip banget sama ADAM LEVINE. Semirip itu :’) Tapi kalo diliatnya lama-lama ya ga mirip-mirip amat. Pengen foto tapi sayangnya gak berani haha. Setelah dicoba, rasanya enak! Aku pesan cheese naan, terus kuah karinya juga berasa banget rempahnya. Teh tariknya juga enak banget :’) bentukannya sih emang gak menarik, tapi rasanya enak. Makan disini berdua kalau gak salah totalnya sekitar 20 RM (ini emang penyajiannya begitu ya, piring kuah karinya ditaro diatas rotinya). Aku suka banget kari!
Setelah makan dan sudah waktunya shalat Magrib, kebetulan ada masjid yang cukup besar yang tidak terlalu jauh. Akhirnya kami mampir untuk shalat di Masjid Kapitan Keling di Buckingham Street. Sempat bingung sedikit masuknya dari mana, ternyata tempat wudhu perempuan memang agak jauh ke belakang. Mukena juga banyak tersedia, jadi tidak perlu khawatir kalau tidak bawa mukena.
Ohya kami masih jalan kaki terus dihari ini haha belum naik kendaraan umum apapun. Setelah shalat kami sempat jajan di sevel. Sebelum ke penginapan kami juga sempat mampir ke Prangin Mall/Komtar Mall ke Watson untuk lihat-lihat skincare yang jarang ada di toko di Indonesia hehe. Setelah itu jalan kaki lagi sampai ke AirBnb di Kuala Kangsar Street.
Bersambung ya untuk hari selanjutnya!
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Russia-Turkey-Azerbaijan: Judging by the report to Russian President Vladimir Putin, yesterday's talks between Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and his Turkish counterpart Mevlut Cavusoglu did not bring any significant results. The parties agreed to continue discussing sensitive issues, refraining from steps that could harm bilateral relations. Putin was dissatisfied with the result of Lavrov's visit to Turkey and spoke in light of the fact that the Turkish side in the negotiation process is seeking tangible concessions to the detriment of Russian positions and has traditionally "walked" Lavrov. It is important for Putin to understand the actions of the Turkish leadership and to have close contact with Erdogan in the light of the preparation and possible implementation of a geopolitical project in the Caucasus. Putin is not pleased with the "unfriendly" actions of the leadership of Azerbaijan, Turkey's closest friend and partner, and believes that Erdogan is pushing Aliyev to these actions. By order of Putin, under the leadership of the Secretary of the Security Council of the Russian Federation Nikolai Patrushev, a plan is being prepared to resume the Karabakh conflict. The start of implementation is scheduled for early September. A number of provocations are supposed to be carried out, drawing Azerbaijan and Armenia into a new phase of the conflict. At the same time, the Russian leadership is not particularly going to provide military assistance to Armenia, at least direct, maneuvering in the negotiation field. Even the possible victory of Azerbaijan and the loss of part of the territories that Armenia considers its own suits Putin quite well, since this will cause indignation among part of the world community and weaken the positions of Azerbaijan and Turkey, and at the same time will increase tension in NATO between Turkey and a number of countries in the bloc to the limit. support Armenia. And if, as a result, the Armenian leadership can be changed to a pro-Russian and completely manual one, then the program will be fulfilled at most. Putin does not need any peace treaties and agreements between Armenia and Azerbaijan (at Russia) https://www.instagram.com/p/CelnpUnLEzM/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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Paper is to be typewritten, double spaced, and written using American Psychologi
Paper is to be typewritten, double spaced, and written using American Psychologi
Paper is to be typewritten, double spaced, and written using American Psychological Association (APA) manual guidelines.
Content must include the following:
1. Name of the organization (Pediatric Doctor’s office)
2. Purpose of the organization (Provide care for kids ages 0-21)
3. Population served (type of and disease(s) served) (mostly Armenian population but they have multicultural clients as…
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JACOBS, SAMUEL AIWAZ (b. Širābād, 12 February 1890; d. Yonkers, N.Y., 16 September 1971; Figure 1), Assyrian intellectual and publisher. His birthplace, the village of Širābād, is located north of Urmia along the Nazlu River (Razmārā, p. 311; Dehḵodā, s.v. [no. 5]). For several styles of his name and patronymic, see below. His parents encouraged him to study to the highest level of education available to anyone in the Iran of his day. He attended the Urmia college, commonly called Qalla (Rumble, 2014a), which was the boys’ school established by American missionaries in 1836. He learned “book English” (McPharlin, p. 2562) and studied in the newly introduced program in technical subjects, which was part of the late 19th-century expansion of the training that had previously prepared students only in the liberal arts, theology, and medicine. Technical training, a precursor to engineering education, allowed Jacobs to learn to operate linotype printing machines (invented in 1884), which was a new technology replacing manual, letter-by-letter typesetting. His fascination from boyhood with the layout and dynamics of different scripts upon book and manuscript pages is prominent in the later sketches of him by the editor Laurence B. Siegfried (p. 2699) and book designer Paul McPharlin (p. 2562), and in 1951 he alludes to his own early impulse toward “creative effort” (Jacobs, p. 32).
Jacobs emigrated with the help of family connections in Europe and the United States (MacPharlin, p. 2562) and settled in the United States in 1906. Finishing his schooling in Worchester, Mass., he practiced printing, including his own poetry (ibid.). He moved to New York City in 1914 (Siegfried, p. 2699) and in 1915 went to work for Rev. Joel E. Werda (1868-1941), editor, linotyping for his new, bilingual (Assyrian Neo-Aramaic and English) weekly, the Persian-American Courier (Neo-Aramaic: Izgaddā, publ. ca. 1915-21 [cf. Werda, ed.; Macuch, p. 344]; Rumble, 2014a; Coakley, pp. 251, 254-55). In 1916 Jacobs also linotyped a translation into Neo-Aramaic of the Classical Syriac theological work, “Book of the Pearl” (Ktābā d-margānītā) by Mar Audisho [ʿAbdīšō] bar Berikha (d. 1318; on him, see Teule; Figure 2). The translation was by the New York scholar and churchman, Abraham Yohannan (1853-1925), who was Jacobs’ friend and teacher (McPharlin, p. 2562)—perhaps his guide in Classical Syriac. Jacobs’ 1916 publication of a pamphlet for Assyrian immigrants, Information to Assyrians Desiring to Become American Citizens (LOC), may likewise have been a collaborative effort. Jacobs himself became a citizen in 1917. During United States participation in World War I and up to early 1920, he worked for Remington Arms Company in Bridgeport, Conn., as an expert machinist (details in McPharlin, p. 2562).
Jacobs’ work on Syriac fonts, for Mergenthaler Linotype Company (with headquarters in Brooklyn, New York City), must have begun early on, during his Courier work. Mergenthaler claimed in 1914 that “a majority of foreign language newspapers in the United States are composed on the Linotype” (LB 11/3, p. 58) and advertised the international use of its machine. With Hebrew already supported (e.g., 7/1, 1911, p. 21), an Arabic keyboard was added in 1911, an Armenian one in 1912 (LB 7/10, p. 81; 8/4, p. 54). When in 1918 the company declared the machine’s capability for a list of 38 languages, the only non-European language it had added since its 1916 list was Syriac (LB 15/1, p. 6; cf. 13/6, p. 85). In February 1920 it displayed its several new fonts for Classical Syriac and Neo-Aramaic (16/3, p. 179; Figure 3), which were already in use in late 1919 (LB 16/3, front page facsimile letter, with reference to the linotyped Syriac text in Furlani, 1919). In December 1919, Jacobs filed applications for patents, on “decorative Syriac fonts” and on a “typographical element” for combining letters and diacritics (for description of it, see McPharlin, p. 2563). Upon receiving his font patents in May, 1920, he ‘assigned’ them (i.e., transferred ownership) to Mergenthaler (USPO, 1920, pp. xlix, 142; Figure 4a, Figure 4b, Figure 4c). The patent for the “element” (USPO, 1921, pp. vii, 446) was similarly assigned in June 1921. According to McPharlin (p. 2563), Jacobs’ connection with Mergenthaler lasted until 1927, in its foreign language section; and he participated in preparation of the company’s Manual (Mergenthaler, 1923; see Siegfried, p. 2700).
Jacobs was well prepared, by both skill (see example, below) and experience, to exercise his independent spirit and earn his place in the history of American printing. In 1922 he acquired his own linotype machine and established Polytype Press in a basement at 39 West 8th Street in New York City’s Greenwich Village. By then, Jacobs was associating with the artistic and intellectual New York circles of his day. His first literary publication was an anthology of New York poets, titled Companions (1922), for which he contributed the title poem; his droll pen name and another instance of name play are discussed below.
Since Jacobs specialized in complex, multilingual linotype composition, he proved invaluable to the poet E. E. Cummings (1894-1962) for the typesetting of the latter’s poems, which use irregular spacing and punctuation and other non-conventional techniques. “Beginning in 1923, Jacobs set all of Cummings’ poetry in type. He was Cummings’ ‘personal typesetter’” (Rumble, 2013, p. 38). The partnership began that year with Cummings’ first book of verse, Tulips and Chimneys, published by Thomas Seltzer (1875-1943). Cummings trusted Jacobs for precision and creativity in designing his books; for instance, Jacobs, with a penchant for lower case in his designs, introduced the lower-case display of the poet’s name (McPharlin, p. 2565). Jacobs also printed some of Cummings’ books and published two of them (see below). For Jacobs’ dexterity, a biographer cites Cummings on the typesetting of 432 pages of the poet’s prose travel narrative (Eimi, for Covici, Friede, Inc., 1933) in 72 hours, with Jacobs “sustaining himself on a diet of coffee” (Sawyer-Lauçanno, p. 366). The long-term association of the two was such that, in 1931, Time Magazine called Jacobs the poet's “Persian pressagent” (Time). (For a proof printing of Cummings’ book VV, title page and page 1, and one page of Jacobs’ letter to the author regarding these, see Schwartzburg; see also Webster.)
By the late 1920s, he was designing for Covici Friede, Inc., for Boni & Livright (Cummings’ poetry publisher), and for Stratford Press, where in 1929 he was working as director of typography (Siegfried, p. 2700). Siegfried illustrates title pages of books for these and other publishers. For Macmillan Company, he designed The Birthday of the Infanta (by Oscar Wilde, printed by Stratford Press, 1929); this slim book (58 pages) with a first (only?) edition of 500 copies, was included in the American Institute of Graphic Arts [AIGA] list of fifty notable books of the prior year (New York Times, 2 February 1930, p. 12).
1929 also saw a work for Covici, Friede titled Circumference: Varieties of Metaphysical Verse, 1456-1928 (edited by the poet Genevieve Taggard [1894-1948], 1,050 copies; see Rumble, n.d.). It included verse by Cummings. The book may have earned Jacobs a reputation or contributed to it; two years later, he was described as “an authority on metaphysical verse” (Time). He also designed for Covici, Friede The Canterbury Tales of Geoffrey Chaucer, Together with a Version in Modern English, with illustrations by the prominent artist Rockwell Kent (1882-1971), (printed by Stratford Press, 2 vols., New York, 1930, 931 copies [Eckhard, p. 9]). The AIGA selected this book (and over time, according to W. Rumble [2013, p. 40], a dozen of Jacobs’ designs) in its annual list of fifty outstanding books (New York Times Book Review, 15 February 1931, p. 2). “Jacobs’ contribution to innovative printing and graphic design helped establish a fresh new American typography” (Rumble, 2013, p. 40; on his typography, see in detail, McPharlin, p. 2564; Siegfried, pp. 2700-2704).
Jacobs’s 1931 letter to Cummings (see “Bardar” and above) has a return address of 3 Milligan Place, still at present a residential building in Greenwich Village; and according to Rumble (2013, p. 38), Jacobs and Cummings and Seltzer “were all neighbors in the Village.” But by 1934, Jacobs moved his business out of Manhattan and established the Golden Eagle Press in an industrial space at 34 North Bond Street in Mount Vernon, east of Yonkers. Mount Vernon was already well known for the books of the noted designer, Bruce Rogers (1870-1957). Moreover, a large Assyrian émigré community, in the aftermath of the genocide of Assyrians and the scattering of their remnants worldwide, had formed in the adjoining city of Yonkers. Jacobs’ first two publications for Golden Eagle were Joseph Kling’s novel, A Full Life (1934), and E. E. Cummings, No Thanks (1935; for the latter, see Rumble, 2013, p. 41). He continued to typeset and print Cummings’ poetry and prose, as well as other works, including another anthology, a parody of journalism, titled The Golden Eagle Press: The Higher Journalism (Fleetwood, Mount Vernon: No Publisher [Jacobs], 1936). (For the late 1930s, see several other examples in Brooks, Tinker.)
The press continued in the 1940s. For some of his limited editions of classic English poetry in this period, see McPharlin (pp. 2566, 2568). Golden Eagle—which experienced distribution problems (ibid., p. 2565)—no doubt regularly participated in exhibits of book designers’ art, such as one sponsored by AIGA, “including books, covers, specimen pages and jackets” (New York Times, 15 February 1946, p. 34). The Press is well represented in the 1951 exhibit publication, Books for our Time (Lee, ed.); of 152 books illustrated, 24 are designs of Jacobs, ranging from 1925 to 1949; nine are Golden Eagle publications. In 1954, the Press is referred to in the past tense (Breit), although Jacobs is said to have continued working actively (Obit.).
Jacobs, living absorbed in letters from his youth (see above), may have had a strong interest in ʿelm al-ḥoruf, that is, the science of interpreting letters and their numerical values, whether or not he also studied the practice, derived from it, of magic “based on the occult properties of the letters of the alphabet and of the divine and angelic names which they form” (Fahd, p. 595; see also Krotkoff). In 1918 he wrote from Bridgeport to the New York magazine The International, solving a numerological question propounded by its editor and regular contributor, the qabalist Aleister Crowley (1875-1947), for whom it was a matter of pressing importance (Crowley, 1930-2004, pp. 242-43; Kaczynski, p. 325). The letter writer’s middle name, “Aiwaz,” seemed to point to Crowley’s own claimed revelator, an ‘Intelligence’ called Aiwass (a name whose numeric value Crowley calculated from a Greek spelling). Upon their mutual correspondence, Crowley learned from Jacobs that the numeric value of a spelling ʿywz “Aiwaz” was 93 (70+10+6+7). Crowley cites the name in Hebrew letters, but the value is the same in Syriac or Arabic. This number was a sign for him of authenticity, since it matched his own calculations for the key terms, Greek thelēma “will” and agapē “love” (2004, p. 238; 1979, p. 834). With further thought, he found a way to reconcile the Greek and the Hebrew spellings as representing one and the same entity (1979, p. 834).
Jacobs’ spelling ʿywz was phonemic, ending in letter zāy, and would be the natural Neo-Aramaic form; the transliteration matches his actual Neo-Aramaic signature (see below). The historically attested form of the name in Arabic script is ʿywż, ending in letter ḍād (see “Note,” below), which is lacking in Neo-Aramaic script. The numeric value of the Persian/Turkish form in Arabic script totals 886 (70+10+6+800).
Jacobs apparently never met Crowley, and the extent of correspondence with Crowley and his associates (see examples, Churton, pp. 220-22) is unknown, but Jacobs clearly was interested in Crowley’s writings. In a short 1951 essay, Jacobs’ message—an emphatic urging to artistic independence—is in harmony with Crowley teachings as well as with his own life. His assertion of a “law of freedom” (Jacobs, p. 33) and the primacy of “feeling” (p. 32) seems reminiscent of a Crowley reference to a “law of liberty and of love” and Crowley’s discussion of the “Law of Thelema” that the other phrase was characterizing (essays in Crowley, 1998, pp. 177, 173-74). Jacobs also paraphrases a sentence from Crowley’s gnostic liturgy (“Liber XV,” sec. IV, in Crowley, 1919, p. 256; Jacobs, p. 33; repr. in Crowley, 1998, p. 212, with editors’ note on this point).
Although Crowley (1930-2004, p. 243) knew Jacobs as an “Assyrian,” Crowley’s invoking of Hebrew, as well as Greek, numerology may have contributed to mistaken identification of Jacobs as a “Jewish Persian” (e.g., see Schwartzburg).
In the 1922 Companions (see above), Jacobs signed the title poem as Bar-Dar Syrus Urmensi [sic, for Latin Urmensis] “Bar-Dar the Syrian [i.e., Assyrian], the Urmian” (Rumble, 2012). The whimsical name occurs again in this period (1920 to 1925), spelled as “Bardar.” Jacobs is one of the early 1920s signatories on the famous door of Frank Shay’s (1888-1954) Bookshop, which is now preserved in the collection at the Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin (see Schwartzburg, with full illustration). Jacobs’ signature (see “Bardar”) is one of 242 on the door, in the company of such luminaries of early 20th-century American literature as John Dos Passos (1896-1970) and Upton Sinclair (1878-1968). It is the only signature in non-Latin letters; it is written in a continuous line:
reading: Bardar Šmūʾēl bar ʿAiwaz d-bēt Yaʿqub Bardar Bardar
script: Latin Neo-Aramaic Neo-Aramaic Arabic
The door shows a formal, Neo-Aramaic form of his name, “Samuel, son of Aiwaz, of the House of Jacob.” He also wrote this formula transcribed; Crowley cites it from the first letter from Jacobs (“besides his Americanized signature”) as “Shmuel Bar Aiwaz bie [sic, for bit/bēt] Yackou de Sherabad” (Crowley, 1930-2004, p. 242; 1979, p. 834). On the title page of the 1916 book (Yohannan), Jacobs called his press in Neo-Aramaic “House of Jacob Press” (Maṭbāʿtā d-bēt Yaʿqub; Figure 1).
Bardar has no meaning in Aramaic and has been thought to imperfectly render Persian barādar “brother” (Rumble, 2012). But the hyphenated form in print seems, rather, or additionally, to suggest Persian bar dar “upon [the] door.” If Jacobs invented the name previous to publication of Companions and upon the occasion of signing the ‘famous door,’ he may have meant to suggest both the word and the phrase, barādar and bar dar (but cf. also bar dār “crucified”); the hyphen in print might have been intended to clarify the word play.
The only other name on the door that has a Middle Eastern origin is that of Achmed Abdullah (1881-1945), author of pulp fiction (e.g., The Thief of Baghdad, 1924, which inspired the film that year) and screenplays (e.g., The Lives of a Bengal Lancer, 1935).
In 1931, apparently when being interviewed for Time Magazine’s notice of Cummings and his work, Jacobs seems playful. Although he was alleged by the Time writer to be “loth to give his full name in Persian, [he] admits that part of it is Samuel Yakob Airwaz [sic] Sheraaobode Azerbajode Muradkhan” (i.e., Širābādi, ‘Āẕerbajodi’ [cf. the surname Āẕerbodi/Āẕerbādi, Per. Āẕerbāyjāni], Morād Khan) (Time). In 1929, it appears that he teased Siegfried, telling him that his patronymic name “Aiwaz” was “the Persian equivalent of Satan” (Siegfried, p. 2699)—a notion that must reflect Crowley’s equating of (the spirit) Aiwaz = Lucifer = Satan (Crowley, 1930-2004, p. 172, n. 1); Siegfried seems to regard it seriously. (On this name, see the appended “Note.”)
Jacobs’ papers, from the 1950s only, are catalogued in the Philip Kaplan Collection of S.A. Jacobs (1950-1958) at the Southern Illinois University, Special Collections Research Center, where also may be found the E. E. Cummings archives. These display his interest in the development of a universal alphabet and show him to have been an early pioneer in the direction of the principles now embodied in Unicode (for which, see “About the Unicode Standard”). A man of creative breadth, his interests may have extended to other universalist commonality tendencies—for instance, his archive contains “Folder 29: A pattern for future society, by Shoghi Effendi” (“Kaplan Collection”).
Jacobs and his wife Hilda had one son, Sam[uel], Jr., who survived him. According to his obituary, Jacobs retired ca. 1966 (“about five years ago”). At the time of his death in 1971, he was residing in a Yonkers nursing home (Obit.).
NOTE ON THE NAME “AIVAZ” (EIr)
The Turkish word that is written in the Latin alphabet of modern Turkish as ayvaz occurs widely as a given name, a surname (or a component of one), and a component of place names. Most of the variant forms are (or were formerly) written with the Arabic letter ḍād; and Turkish dictionaries derive the word from one and the same Arabic common noun. Exceptions, including a form in Arabic script that agrees with S. A. Jacobs’ Neo-Aramaic spelling in using letter zāy, are noted below (in [3]). The three Turkish forms whose spellings incorporate ʿ - w - ḍ of the Arabic root are as follows.
(1) Turkish /ivaz/. The Ottoman words written ʿivaż and plural aʿvāż (Redhouse, p. 1328) exactly reproduce the spellings and meaning of Arabic ʿiwaḍ (عوض), pl. aʿwāḍ (اعواض), basically “substitute” (Lane, p. 2197) and extending to “something in exchange or as compensation” (Barthélemy, II, p. 562; Kieffer and Bianchi, II, p. 296; for its use as a technical term in Islamic law, see Linant de Bellefonds). The corresponding name is attested historically—e.g., the soldier Hacı İvaz Paşa (حاجی عوض پاشا, d. 1429; Özcan); a 17th-century Safavid governor, ʿIvaz Beg (Matthee, p. 61); and a Turkmen Ivaz Beg, father of the khan of Khiva, İltüzer (r. 1804-06; Saray). The name is also familiar in Turkish literature. Hacı İvaz (= Hacivat; perhaps inspired by the historical Hacı İvaz) is a protagonist, with Karagöz, in the Turkish shadow puppet plays (see, e.g., Arvas). Not surprisingly, Ivaz also occurs in place of Ayvaz (see [2], below) in the Köroǧlu epic, which is found across the entire range of Turkish dialects: P. Naili (p. 40) distinguished three main lines of the literary tradition: Anatolian, Azeri (in Azerbaijan), and Turkmen (in Khorasan).
(2) Turkish /ayvaz/. The Ottoman Turkish term ayvaz (عیوض) was a title applied to non-Muslim (also to Kurdish) household servants and functionaries (Lewis, based on Siyavuşgil). Š. Aksoy (p. 60) found a dialect version of the term noted in (1), above, as /ayvaz/ in southern Turkey bordering Syria. As a name, the word also is seen latinized as Eyvaz, Eywaz, Eyvez. A well-known example in Turkish literature is the handsome youth Ayvaz, companion of the bandit poet Köroğlu (see, e.g., Sand, tr., p. 9 and ff.). “One of the most common motifs of the Köroğlu epic is the story of Ayvaz (Ivaz Han, Ivaz)” (Naili, p. 44). In other occurrences, a Persian family name ʿEyvaż-zāda (عیوض زاده) is commonly anglicized as Eyvazzadeh; the Armenian family name is Aivazian (see, e.g., in the Ottoman period, Wharton, p. 91). Kurdish Eyvaz in Cyrillic is: Эйваз. Place names include present-day Ayvazlar in northwest Turkey and ʿEyvażlu (عیوضلو), north of Ardabil, in Iran.
(3) Turkish /ayvāz/. A dictionary form of the noun marks initial a- explicitly, with the diacritic fatḥa (عیواض; Sāmi, p. 958). In Arabic script, the Azeri name ʿEyvāż (e.g., the contemporary Republic of Azerbaijan poet, Yetim Eyvaz) likewise is written in literary form as عیواض, as well as in phonemic form, ʾywʾz (ایواز, for which see also the Köroǧlu character in Alizade, ed., pp. 41 ff.). A. Barthelemy (p. 562) cites an Arabic version of the abovementioned literary character Hacı İvaz in a dialect form /ēwāz/, here spelled with letter zā (ʿywẓ, عیواظ). For the lengthening of -a- in the name, EIr suggests possible analogical influence of names such as (in Turkish) ʿİyāż and İyās.
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State of the art language technologies for Western Armenian launched
New Post has been published on https://armenia.in-the.news/society/state-of-the-art-language-technologies-for-western-armenian-launched-76216-13-07-2021/
State of the art language technologies for Western Armenian launched
The Western Armenian Universal Dependencies Treebank was released on 15 May 2021, has been released and is now available on the Universal Dependencies Consortium webpage, the Armenian Communities Department of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation informs.
A Treebank is essential for the vitality of any language. It is a linguistic tool that analyzes and describes the structure of the language, identifying its different components in a manner that computer programmes could work with it. Through treebanks, language-related programmes could identify, for example, what is the verb in the sentence, what is the noun, the adverb, the question mark, and so forth, based on which practical applications can be developed. In technical terms, it is a database of sentences which are annotated with syntactic information. Treebanks revolutionized computational linguistics in the early 1990s, after the expansion of machine learning methods and artificial neural networks in the field of Natural Language Processing.
Treebanks play a crucial role in the development of modern language processing systems such as machine translation, part-of-speech taggers, parsers, semantic analyzers and so forth. “Put simply,” explained Razmik Panossian, the Director of the Department, “for a language to be translatable through online tools, to have its own spellchecker and grammar programmes, and to have the means for artificial intelligence processing in that language, it needs its own Treebank. We are particularly pleased that the Foundation played a central role in making the Western Armenian Treebank available to all those who wish to work at the intersection of language and technology.”
Universal Dependencies is a project that develops a cross-linguistically consistent Treebank annotation for many languages, now including both Eastern and Western Armenian. It provides a universal inventory of categories and guidelines to aid with a consistent annotation of similar constructions across languages, while allowing language-specific extensions when necessary.
The new Treebank is based on the Western Armenian section of the Armenian Dependency Treebank, developed by the ArmTDP team led by Marat M. Yavrumyan (Yerevan State University) and Hrant H. Khachatrian (YerevaNN research lab). The Western Armenian Treebank is one of the 202 Treebanks available in 114 languages. It was created completely manually, and thus can be used as gold-standard Treebank data in most Natural Language Processing tasks for Western Armenian. By the end of 2021, the second expanded version of the Treebank will be released.
The Western Armenian Treebank currently consists of 1780 sentences, containing 7.5 million words, compiled from 110 works by more than 50 authors from 1895 to 2010, in many genres such as fiction, personal and official correspondences, travelogues, political and literary speeches, memoirs and travel notes. It is based on the corpus of American University of Armenia’s Digital Library of Armenian Literature (Digilib).
The Western Armenian Treebank, and the Natural Language Processing solutions developed on its basis, are decisive in bringing state of the art language technologies to Armenian, ensuring the vitality of the language in the modern digital era.
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