#convert time to milliseconds in java

[mycurrenttime]

Epoch and Unix Timestamp Conversion Tools

One of the best ways to convert dates is to use the Unix Epoch. It is a value that is equal to two thousand, six hundred and sixty seconds and is commonly used to sort information on computers. The epoch has been redefined multiple times. Its range is from 136 years to 2**32 sixty seconds. To convert a date to its corresponding UNIX time, enter the date and time into a time converter.

When using a timestamp in your spreadsheet, the epoch time is always represented in seconds. In the UNIX timestamp milliseconds converter system, the epoch point was 1970-01-01 at 00:00:00 GMT. When storing dates and times in Unix, it is stored as an integer representing the number of seconds past the epoch. A negative value represents the time after the epoch point. For example, the epoch point on 2038-01-19 would be 3:1407 in UTC. Some systems store date/time as Unix numbers, and these are stored in Unix format. The conversion tool will convert these numbers back to date/time in a standard language.

UNIX Timestamp Conversion Tools have several features that make them a valuable tool. They will display the time in human-readable time in your timezone. The converter will also provide a list of supported time zones. To convert epoch timestamps to local time, simply paste the timestamp into a text field. The software will automatically translate the value to a compatible format and return it to your browser.

The TIMESTAMP function will accept an optional parameter that lets you specify the time zone. The default time zone is UTC. It also supports a function that adds or subtracts int64-expression units from a timestamp object. The first timestamp occurs before the second, resulting in a negative output. The result is the result of adding the two TIMESTAMP objects.

The first tool provides a free tool to convert Unix Time Zone Converter to dates and vice versa. It also converts Unix timestamps to readable date formats. A number of other useful epoch and timezone conversion tools are available. You can choose the one that suits your needs best. The date and timezone converter will enable you to easily compare the two time zones.

To convert time between Unix and Excel, you must first calculate the epoch date. This can be done with the DATE function in Excel. Then, you can divide the Unix timestamp by the number of seconds in a day. It works similarly in both Excel and Google Sheets. If you are trying to convert between timezones, use a web service. You can use the tools available online.

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ConvertingAiff ToWav In SoX

The purpose of this file format is the addition of metadata to facilitate the seamless exchange of sound data between completely different laptop platforms and purposes. Enter the duration of your file in hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds. Calculating the dimensions of uncompressed information also requires the Pattern Fee, Bit Depth and Channel information (however not the Bit Rate, which is automatically calculated). In addition to the period, calculating the scale of compressed information such as MP3 and many others., requires solely the Bit Fee info (in this case the Pattern Price, Bit Depth and Channel information is ignored). For compressed recordsdata encoded with CBR (Constant Bit Rate), the displayed file dimension should be as correct as attainable (however variables akin to header information etc- see beneath). For aiff to wav batch converter compressed recordsdata encoded with VBR (Variable Bit Charge), the displayed file size can be slightly less correct as a result of in this case the bit price can fluctuate depending on the programme material.

Presently proper click in your tune as soon as extra, and you will see the option ‘Create MP3 model'. Routinely, the audio file will start its conversion course of. Because the conversion course of ends, the desired MP3 output format can be saved in iTunes and now you can enjoy your favourite music in iTunes Media participant. Step 1: Launch iTunes DRM Audio Converter on Windows. Click "Add" button, then you will note a pop-up window which will present you all of the iTunes folders. You may add Apple Music files you want to convert to WAV. Click the "Save" button and save the WAV file to the laborious drive. Some music file varieties, together with WAV (.wav), AIFF (.aiff), and RA (.r) cannot be uploaded to your library utilizing Music Manager or Google Play Music for Chrome. Launch Movavi Video Converter. Click the Add Media button on the left-hand aspect of the display screen after which Add Audio. Choose the files you want to convert to WAV and hit Open. iMovie 9 and older variations will assist all three audio formats provided by Free Inventory Music without having to render or compress them until you export your challenge. Convert WMA to iTunes, QuickTime, iMovie, iPad, iPod, iPhone and more for taking part in or enhancing. In this tutorial, we'll introduce AIFF and evaluate it with different lossless audio formats. Then you may decide what file format to transform to (if it doesn't support aiff) and on what disc format you possibly can put these files. Choose Export as WAV. This can prompt you to pick a location to save your WAV audio file export. Instantly convert to well-liked mobile gadget codecs and then transfer converted or edited video to them simply with USB cable. To catch up such pattern, developers and manufacturers launched a wide variety of digital audio formats. Tip: This web page comprises data and assist for users who wish to know the way to play a sound, music, or different audio file. See the sound card help and troubleshooting part in case your sound shouldn't be working. If in case you have a number of recordsdata to transform, you can choose all of them to start with and then use the Right-Click technique to convert all the batch. That seems actually strange, in the event you're simply going from 32 bit float aiff to 32 bit float wav they need to be equivalent I would suppose. You could additionally strive 32 bit float aif to 32 bit float wav, and 32 bit float aif to 32 bit float aif in XLD or www.audio-transcoder.com Audacity. I'm pretty positive they should be capable of do this fairly simply.This part covers the basics of changing audio file sorts in the Java Sound API. As soon as once more we pose a hypothetical program whose function, this time, is to read audio information from an arbitrary enter file and write it into a file whose type is AIFF. In fact, the enter file should be of a type that the system is capable of studying, and the output file must be of a kind that the system is capable of writing. (In this instance, we assume that the system is capable of writing AIFF files.) The example program doesn't do any data format conversion. If the input file's information format cannot be represented as an AIFF file, the program merely notifies the person of that downside. Alternatively, if the input sound file is an already an AIFF file, the program notifies the person that there isn't any have to convert it.Should you only have the necessity to convert AIFF to WAV, select iTunes or Avdshare Audio Converter which might each convert AIFF to WAV without quality loss and with unmatchable speed, however when you've got other wants, like converting AIFF to other audio formats unsupported by iTunes or changing between audio codecs with out hassle or modifying AIFF or other audio files, choose Avdshare Audio Converter. If you're hesitate about whether or not to purchase Avdshare Audio Converter or not, first start from Avdshare Audio Converter free trial model.This makes it doable to trade audio between totally different computer systems and to archive and synchronize the audio recordsdata. BWF also specifies selected standard RIFF tags in the DATA chunk (IARL, ICMT, ICOP, ICRD and INAM) and can assist different additional extension chunks in the WAV file. Value additionally stating that PDF began as a proprietary Adobe format, and you had to pay to even be capable to read the recordsdata. They only open-sourced it as a result of no one was utilizing it due to that motive.Tips about learn how to convert my flac music to mp2 pop over to this website: best flac2mp2 converter work barely how to turn flac into mp2 bear in mind Other than that, Audio Converter can be a batch audio converter software program which lets you convert both one single audio file or a number of audios every time. It helps to convert a whole bunch of audio information immediately inside only some minutes.

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Batch Free APE To MP3 Converter, Support Watched Folder Changing

Begin APE2MP3 Converter. Click on "Convert" button to start converting all CUE APE files to MP3 format. b. Look for Magic APE to MP3 Converter in the record, click on on it after which click Uninstall to initiate the uninstallation. Set the start and finish time of the media file. Invalid or empty values will likely be ignored. In some instances trimming the audio can lead to corrupt output recordsdata. The input format is HH:MM:SS (HH: hours, MM: minutes, SS: seconds). Audio Converter helps up to 28 widespread audio formats , like CDA (CD Audio), MP3, MPA, WMA, WAV, OGG, AAC, Apple Lossless M4A, MP4, AC3, FLAC, WavPack, APE, TTA, and so forth. Free Audio Converter supports aac, aiff, ape, flac, m4a, m4b, mka, mp3, ogg, wav, wma, and so on. That is one of the best MP3 converter, it creates finest MP3 high quality with the assistance of different MP3 LAME Encoder presets. That is also a lossless audio converter. It has versatile settings. Free Audio Converter goes with each a single and a batch mode support. It contains no spyware and adware or adware. It is clearly free and completely safe to put in and run. Generally when I download music, the format is in APE which isn't convenient in Linux. What is APE. Monkey's Audio is a fast and straightforward approach to compress digital music. Not like conventional methods akin to mp3, ogg, or lqt that completely discard prime quality to avoid wasting numerous area, Monkey's Audio solely makes perfect, bit-for-bit copies of your music. Utilizing warez model, crack, warez passwords, patches, serial numbers, registration codes, key generator, pirate key, keymaker or keygen for Boxoft WAV to WMA Converter (freeware) license secret is against the law and forestall future growth of Boxoft WAV to WMA Converter (freeware) 1.zero. Convert APE (Monkey's Audio) recordsdata to MP3 and convert APE to FLAC, APE to WAV, APE to WavPack, APE to M4A, APE to AIFF, APE to AAC, APE to WMA, APE to OGG, APE to AC3, APE to AMR, APE to MP2 and APE to AU. APE to mp3 converter software Some information about ape to mp3 converter download mac and APE to mp3 converters Sooner than talking in regards to the APE to mp3 converter, we have to kwon what's the APE. APE is a popular digital music format, which is totally different with the mp3. Power MP3 WMA Converter is a software that takes up less storage space than most software program in the section Audio software. It's very heavily used in international locations similar to Republic Of Korea, Egypt, and South Africa. Merge MP3 is a good device for becoming a member of recordsdata. It's unable to unpack joined recordsdata like MakeItOne, but that is wanted sometimes, and it is nonetheless a really good instrument that works beneath its 96 kbps decrease restrict. -kopiowanie metadanych (tagów) z plików APE i CUE do generowanych plików MP3. You may also check other settings, reminiscent of output format Our converters help such output codecs as MP3, MP4 (AAC and ALAC), FLAC, AIFF and WAV with varied codecs. Recommendation: To create DVD motion pictures with customized DVD menu templates, you possibly can flip to Any Video Converter Ultimate. Switch has the benefit of being dedicated to audio conversions and lets you shortly batch convert audio tracks. It has a huge number of output codecs including MP3, WMA and AAC. Prism Video Converter is a secure and complete multi-format video converter which may be very simple to make use of. Monkey's Audio can decompress files again to their authentic kind without losing any quality and the program options an option to verify the MD5 checksum of compressed information. Compressedape files can play in any of the foremost media players and the program may set up a plug-in to compress audio recordsdata instantly from Winamp. 3. Click on "Convert Now!" button to begin conversion. It'll routinely retry another server if one failed, please be affected person whereas changing. The output information shall be listed within the "Conversion Outcomes" section. Click on icon to show file QR code or save file to online storage providers similar to Google Drive or Dropbox. Monitor some folder to transform written in APE recordsdata to MP3 routinely. - Simple Mp3 Ogg Wma Cutter can file any audio supply immediately. Native iOS playback for APE, FLAC, AVI, MKV & other Apple's unsupported information. Contains APE cutter with preview that may minimize APE audio files with millisecond precision. Burn and save ISO information, copy your CDs DVDs. Save your favourite audio CDs to mp3 with the internal grabber (CDDB request to get details about the album). The net audio converter allows you to convert APE to MP3, WAV, WMA, AAC, AC3, FLAC, OGG and RA, etc. You might be allowed to regulate the audio birate, ape to mp3 converter download mac channel and pattern rate for the output MP3 audio to get one of the best music listening to enjoyment. 5.Audio recorder :Lets you report any audio source, similar to Web radio streams, on to a digital audio file, comparable to the popular MP3 format.

Select one or more APE files you need to convert. After customizing the output settings, you can start conversion by clicking "Start" button, and all the tasks will be done at quick pace and top quality. Transform APE (Monkeys audio) recordsdata to MP3,FLAC,M4A,AIFF,AAC,WMA,WAV,WavPack,OGG. This text will describe a step by step information on how one can break up CUE related APE, FLAC, MP3, WAV, WMA, and and so forth album, podcast or compilation into separate audio tracks. Just simply download and have a strive. Portable Free APE to MP3 Converter is a simple and straight-forward software utility whose essential operate is to help you in changing APE information to MP3 or WAV, supporting batch operations, so you'll be able to process quite a few gadgets at the identical time. Add the APE audio information from the "File" menu in batches. You may add few information at once or whole folder with APE audio collection. Audio Converter Plus can scan all subdirectories if you want. SoulGears is a java based song tagging program with a easy yet very powerful UI. It offers automated track lookup, batch tagging based mostly on filename, and the flexibility to avoid wasting recordsdata in a listing tree based on their new information. SoulGears runs on Windows, Mac OS X, ape to mp3 converter download mac and Linux and helps mp3, flac, ogg, mpc, ape, and wma file formats.

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Exploring Apache TinkerPop 3.4.8’s new features in Amazon Neptune

Amazon Neptune engine version 1.0.4.0 supports Apache TinkerPop 3.4.8, which introduces some new features and bug fixes. This post outlines these features, like the new elementMap() step and the improved behavior for working with map instances, and provides some examples to demonstrate their capabilities with Neptune. Upgrading your drivers to 3.4.8 should be straightforward and typically require no changes to your Gremlin code. This article demonstrates commands using the Gremlin console and relies on the sample data provided by the air routes dataset, which prior posts have utilized for such purposes. For instructions on loading it through Neptune Workbench, see Visualize query results using the Amazon Neptune workbench. elementMap() Users have long utilized valueMap() to transform graph elements (vertices, edges, and vertex properties) to a map representation. For example, see the following code: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').valueMap('code','city','runways') ==>[code:[BOS],city:[Boston],runways:[6]] gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS'). ......1> valueMap('code','city','runways').with(WithOptions.tokens) ==>[id:5,label:airport,code:[BOS],city:[Boston],runways:[6]] gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').outE().limit(1). ......1> valueMap('code','city','runways').with(WithOptions.tokens) ==>[id:190,label:route] gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').outE().limit(1).valueMap() ==>[dist:612] gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').outE().limit(1). ......1> valueMap('dist').with(WithOptions.tokens) ==>[id:190,label:route,dist:612] This approach has the desired effect, but you typically encounter two issues. The first issue is that valueMap() assumes multi-properties for values even if the cardinality was single, and therefore each map entry value is wrapped in a List. This List makes the results a bit unwieldly and forces you to unpack the List to get your single value. Although you can accomplish this unpacking directly in Gremlin with valueMap().by(unfold()), it’s inconvenient because including that extra by() modulator is more the rule than the exception. The second issue is related to edges that produce similar output to that of a vertex or vertex property. The problem is that it doesn’t provide reference to the incident vertices bound to it. Without that data present, you have to do some form of custom project() of your edge, like the following code: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').outE().limit(1). ......1> project('properties','in','out'). ......2> by(valueMap('dist').with(WithOptions.tokens)). ......3> by(inV().id()). ......4> by(outV().id()) ==>[properties:[id:190,label:route,dist:612],in:21,out:5] To address these two shortcomings, TinkerPop introduced elementMap(), which assumes single cardinality for properties and returns the in and out reference vertices of an edge: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').outE().limit(1).elementMap('dist') ==>[id:190,label:route,IN:[id:21,label:airport],OUT:[id:5,label:airport],dist:612] When upgrading, replace calls to valueMap() with elementMap(). This replacement is an especially nice improvement if using the valueMap().by(unfold()) pattern, because the readability of the traversal should improve without the by() modulator and there is no secondary transformation of the map to its final result. While performing this refactoring exercise, it’s also a good opportunity to look for valueMap() usage that doesn’t specify property keys and, when replacing those with elementMap(), to be explicit in their specification, as shown in the examples. It’s a good practice to specify these keys explicitly for the same reasons that you specify the column names in a SQL statement as opposed to using a wildcard, thus avoiding SELECT * FROM table. Working with map instances Graph elements, which are vertices, edges, and vertex properties, have similar behavior as map objects in the sense that their contents are accessed by way of keys. In Gremlin, the access patterns for elements and maps have drawn closer together with this release because the by(String) modulator now works on both objects equally well. Prior to this change, using by(String) on an element or map yielded two different results. For example, see the following code: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').project('c').by('code') ==>{c=BOS} gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').valueMap().project('c').by('code') {"detailedMessage":"PropertyMap cannot have properties","requestId":"36a9279d-b515-4b43-84b6-63621251f94d","code":"UnsupportedOperationException"} Type ':help' or ':h' for help. Display stack trace? [yN]n The error wasn’t terribly informative, but rest assured that the issue is related to the use of by(String) where it isn’t welcome. In making by(String) behave more consistently, you can now use it in a variety of contexts related to map objects. See the following code: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').elementMap().project('c').by('code') ==>[c:BOS] gremlin> g.V().hasLabel('airport').limit(10). ......1> elementMap('code','country'). ......2> order().by('code',desc) ==>[id:25,label:airport,country:US,code:TPA] ==>[id:28,label:airport,country:US,code:SNA] ==>[id:24,label:airport,country:US,code:SJC] ==>[id:23,label:airport,country:US,code:SFO] ==>[id:22,label:airport,country:US,code:SEA] ==>[id:26,label:airport,country:US,code:SAN] ==>[id:44,label:airport,country:US,code:SAF] ==>[id:45,label:airport,country:US,code:PHL] ==>[id:27,label:airport,country:US,code:LGB] ==>[id:46,label:airport,country:US,code:DTW] In evaluating your existing code to determine if this change is helpful to you, you should typically look for situations where there was use of select(String) in a by() modulator, which was the usual approach for grabbing a value from a map in this context. For example, see the following query: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').elementMap().project('c').by(select('code')) ==>[c:BOS] You can replace it with: gremlin> g.V().has('airport','code','BOS').elementMap().project('c').by('code') ==>[c:BOS] Edge property equality TinkerPop established a more predictable behavior for edge property equality. Equality for edge properties, which unlike vertex properties don’t have a unique identifier, no longer concern themselves with their parent element (the edge object itself). In other words, if the key and the value are the same, then the property is considered equal irrespective of whether that property is associated with the same edge or not. See the following code: gremlin> g.E().has('dist',2300).properties() ==>p[dist->2300] ==>p[dist->2300] ==>p[dist->2300] ==>p[dist->2300] gremlin> g.E().has('dist',2300).properties().dedup().count() ==>1 Prior to this upgrade, the count would have been 4 because the properties were each coming from a different edge object. Unfortunately, the preceding example demonstrates how this alteration might represent a breaking change because the behavior of the traversal has been modified. If you relied on the old approach, you might find your results different after upgrade. TinkerPop considered the old behavior bad enough to classify the issue as a bug and chose to introduce the fix despite the fact that it changed behavior. If you need the old behavior, you need to take some approach that includes the edge identifier with each property. The following code presents one way of doing that: gremlin> g.E().has('dist',2300).as('e'). ......1> properties(). ......2> map(union(select('e'), ......3> identity())). ......4> dedup().count() ==>4 Setting timeouts There are times when you might wish to configure a particular request to have a timeout that is different than the default setting provided by the server. There are two specific contexts where this upgrade affects how those per-request timeouts are set: A Gremlin bytecode-based request using with() syntax. A request using the Java driver, where the RequestMessage is manually constructed and the timeout is provided to that message using the Builder object’s add() or addArg() options. This form is considerably less common and is usually reserved for either advanced cases or is inherited from older code that was never upgraded to take advantage of newer APIs (such as RequestOptions introduced at TinkerPop 3.4.2). TinkerPop has long used the scriptEvaluationTimeout to control the length of time in milliseconds a request is allowed to run before timing out. That form is the String representation of the configuration option, but it’s sometimes also referred to by way of the constant Tokens.ARGS_SCRIPT_EVAL_TIMEOUT in the Java driver. This option is now deprecated, though still supported. The preferred naming is simply evaluationTimeout when using the String form or, if using the constant in the Java driver, Tokens.ARGS_EVAL_TIMEOUT. The naming was changed to better reflect the general nature of the timeout in that it was used for both scripts and bytecode. Consider converting your code to use this preferred naming when you upgrade, because support for both deprecated options may be removed in future versions. Typically, look for Java code lines like the following: // “g” is a TraversalSource constructed by traversal(),withRemote(…) List vertices = g.with(“scriptEvaluationTimeout”, 500L).V().out("knows").toList() List vertices = g.with(Tokens.ARGS_SCRIPT_EVAL_TIMEOUT, 500L).V().out("knows").toList() You then code like the following: // “g” is a TraversalSource constructed by traversal(),withRemote(…) List vertices = g.with(“evaluationTimeout”, 500L).V().out("knows").toList() List vertices = g.with(Tokens.ARGS_EVAL_TIMEOUT, 500L).V().out("knows").toList() Improved error handling for JavaScript The Gremlin JavaScript driver now produces a ResponseError rather than attempting to pack the server statusMessage and statusCode into a string of a more general Error.message. The ResponseError also includes the statusAttributes, which incorporate more information on server-side exceptions. Although the Error.message property contents have not been changed at this time, it’s worth identifying any code that is performing a string parsing of that field and replacing it with usage of the new fields provided. Session support in GLVs Some use cases simply require session support and, if you needed to use that functionality, you needed to use Java because that was the only language driver to support that mode of operation. The latest version of the drivers (Python, Javascript, and .NET), however, all support session functionality. As with Java, this new session support in these languages is meant for script submission only (not bytecode). The following examples demonstrate how sessions are established: // javascript const sessionId = utils.getUuid().toString() const client = new Client('wss://:8182/gremlin', { traversalSource: 'g', 'session': sessionId }); # python client = Client('wss://:8182/gremlin', 'g', session=str(uuid.uuid4())) // C# var gremlinServer = new GremlinServer("", 8182); var client = new GremlinClient(gremlinServer, sessionId: Guid.NewGuid().ToString())) Conclusion This post was designed to call attention to some of the key changes from TinkerPop that are now officially compatible with Neptune. There were many other changes that offered bug fixes and minor enhancements. If you’re interested in learning more about any of those improvements, see the official TinkerPop GitHub repo and view the CHANGELOG. About the Author Stephen Mallette is a member of the Amazon Neptune team at AWS. He has developed graph database and graph processing technology for many years. He is a decade long contributor to the Apache TinkerPop project, the home of the Gremlin graph query language, and is currently serving as its PMC Chair. https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/amazon-neptune-now-supports-apache-tinkerpop-3-4-8/

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5 Tips To Optimize The Mobile App Development

Mobile App Development– Android, one among the favored operating systems is dominating the worldwide app market with billions of apps. And, Mobile App Development may be a breeze, that generally all in two developers says and considers.

It’s true. The rationale is android Mobile App Development are often wiped out various ways, but finding the simplest approach or tools to use may be a major bottleneck. The right approach is all-imperative during the event to form an android app to the app store that works seamlessly.

There is an immediate relationship between the tactic used for development and therefore the app’s high usage. That’s high performance and smooth functioning may be a thanks to garner epic success, for the Mobile App Development.

The few things that decide the apps’ success and failure:

– Performance – Battery usage – Time to load the content – Reviews on the Google play store It results into just one thing- users will uninstall the app. the most important nightmare! You never want this thing to happen, not even within the wildest dream.

The best way is to optimize the code and therefore the approach you’re using. Here 5 tips for Mobile App Development are rounded up that certainly improve the app performance and customer experience:

1) Leverage StringBuilder, but when?

When you want to feature some strings to one string multiple times, with ‘String’, definitely the strings get concatenated, but thanks to tons of garbage pickup , the task takes around 10 seconds.

Instead, if StringBuilder is employed , the time will get reduced to 4 seconds. this is often an enormous difference and equivalent impact it’ll create on the app performance.

The difference is because once Strings are created, they’re unchangeable. Even, if an effort to vary the worth of Strings is formed , a replacement String is made .

2) Location updates- implement smartly!

The apps asking the users to share the situation isn’t new. For this, the Google API is integrated that helps in gathering user’s location data. supported the sort of user location data that the app needs at a definite frequency, the various functions are called and set.

For instance: When the app needs highly accurate location data, the function setSmallestDisplacement()can be called and distance is about in order that the app are going to be notified about the situation change only the user gets displace to a distance that’s quite the worth set.

When the app needs location data frequently or less, setInterval() function is named that update the app about the users’ location after the defined intervals.

Sometimes, the user is requested to share the situation to display something over the map. Receiving the situation updates are often stopped using onPause()and revoked with onResume().

3) OnDraw function

The function is very wont to draw the views on the screen by running 60 frames per second. Every frame gets prepared and draws in 16 milliseconds, but just a main thread draws the view on the most screen. When the slow functions are included, there’ll be a drop by the frame rate that returns the appliance Not Responding (ANR) dialog.

It’s also suggested to not allocate the thing to the onDraw() function and prepare them within the constructor. Also, keep the practice of calling the function less often, albeit it’s optimized.

4) Autoboxing

This is a process of automatic conversion where the Java compiler converts primitive types into objects like- converting a double to a Double, an int to an Integer, then forth. The reverse process is termed as unboxing.

It helps in using primitive types and objects interchangeably without having to write down the additional code and perform explicit typecasting.

5) Reflection in Android Mobile App Development

The refection is best to use within the situation once you want the appliance package to possess compatibility with multiple Android versions and it helps in identifying the bottlenecks at the run time. It enables objects’ construction, fields’ access and methods invoke all at the run time.

But, still, it’s less recommended due to the unsafe coding practices, strong typing loss, and reduced performance. So, the reflection must be used carefully and its impact should be measured beforehand in order that it won’t kill the app performance.

Epilogue

There are end numbers of the way available to optimize the android app development, and every one accompany their pros and cons. No such method exists which will always remain beneficial for the appliance .

The five tips for Mobile App Development are just the approaches, highlighting how considering and following them during app development would enable organizations and developers to form no compromise with app performance.

The leading companies that are having top-rated apps also are equally concerned about the app’s performance.

This is a green signal for you to start leveraging the tools and adopting the ways intelligently to launch an app to the Google play store that’s high performing, consumes less battery, and cargo the content at speed. Contact Netleaf Software for Mobile App Development services.

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Almost everything is driven by date and time in today's world. People started equating time with money. So computer and programming languages have a way to date time measure implementation. In this post, I will get you through date and time in java. We will see the date and time in java in detail with example. 

Java Date

Java has Date class implementation in java.util package. This class has the current date and time implementation too. Date class has two constructors as shown below:

- Date(): this constructor initializes the class with the current date and time.

- Date(long milliseconds): this constructor takes millisecond of the date since midnight 1 Jan 1970 and initializes the date and time accordingly.

Like other java class, Date class also has certain methods. Commonly used Date methods are listed below:

Method Signature Method Description boolean after(Date date) returns true if invoking date object contains a date that is later than the date in the argument date object boolean before(Date date) return true if invoking date object contains a date that is earlier than the date in the argument date object Object clone( ) create the duplicate of the invoking date object. It creates new references. int compareTo(Date date) Compares the value of the invoking object with that of date. Returns 0 if the values are equal. Returns a negative value if the invoking object is earlier than date. Returns a positive value if the invoking object is later than date. int compareTo(Object obj) it is same as of compareTo(Date date) provided argument type is of Date otherwise it throws ClassCastException. boolean equals(Object date) return true if invoking date object and argument date object contains same date and time otherwise false. [argument should be of type Date] long getTime( ) returns the milliseconds since midnight of 1 Jan 1970 for the invoking object int hashCode( ) returns hashcode of invoking the object void setTime(long time) initializes the date and time of the invoking object with the argument. String toString( )  Converts the invoking Date object into a string and returns the result. 

GETTING CURRENT DATE AND TIME IN JAVA:

In two ways you can have current date and time using Date class

- by retrieving millisecond of the Date object

- by retrieving String of Date object

e.g.  import java.util.Date; public class DateDemo { public static void main(String args[]) { // Instantiate an object date of Date class Date date = new Date(); // display time and date using toString() System.out.println(date.toString()); // display millisecond of date using getTime() System.out.println(date.getTime()); } }

COMPARING DATES IN JAVA

Date and time in java can be compared using three approaches

- getting milliseconds of the Date objects and comparing them

- using compareTo(Date date) method of the Date class

- using before(Date date), after(Date date) and equal(Date date) method of the Date class.

Date and Time formatting using SimpleDateFormat:

SimpleDateFormat class is the concrete way to format date. It has a locale-sensitive parsing. It allows formatting date in any user-friendly way.

import java.util.*; import java.text.*; public class DateFormatExample { public static void main(String args[]) { Date dNow = new Date(); SimpleDateFormat ft = new SimpleDateFormat ("E yyyy.MM.dd 'at' hh:mm:ss a zzz"); System.out.println("Current Date: " + ft.format(dNow)); } }

The output of the above program is

Current Date: Sun 20019.07.18 at 04:14:09 PM PDT

SimpleDateFormat FORMATTING CODES:

ASCII letters reserved as pattern letter are as follows:

ASCII LETTER Description Example G Era designator AD y Year in four digits 2019 M Month in year July or 07 d Day in month 10 h Hour in A.M./P.M. (1~12) 12 H Hour in day (0~23) 22 m Minute in hour 30 s Second in minute 55 S Millisecond 1564725881 E Day in week Tuesday D Day in year 365 F Day of week in the month 2 (second Wed. in July) w Week in year 40 W Week in month 1 a A.M./P.M. marker PM k Hour in day (1~24) 24 K Hour in A.M./P.M. (0~11) 10 z Time zone Eastern Standard Time ' Escape for text Delimiter " Single quote `

FORMATTING Date object USING printf()

Note: to avoid passing argument multiple times while formatting using printf, better use "%1$s" where letter after % indicates the index of the argument to be used so to specify the index in printf, the index must follow % and then terminated by $.

- to use  the argument in the preceding formatting clause, use < flag.

e.g.

import java.util.Date; public class DateFormattingPrintfExmple { public static void main(String args[]) { // Instantiate a date object of class Date Date date = new Date(); // display formatted time and date using printf System.out.printf("%1$s %2$tB %2$td, %2$tY", "Due date:", date); } }

PARSING STRING IN DATE

SimpleDateFormat class has method parse() which can parse the string according to the format stored in the SimpleDateFormat.

import java.util.*; import java.text.*; public class ParsingStringIntoDateExample { public static void main(String args[]) { SimpleDateFormat sft = new SimpleDateFormat ("yyyy-MM-dd"); //initialize formatter with format String input = "2019-07-11"; System.out.print(input + " Parses as "); Date t; try { t = sft.parse(input); System.out.println(t); } catch (ParseException e) { System.out.println("Unparseable using " + ft); } } }

- lapsed time can be measured by taking the difference of milliseconds of start time and end time.

GregorianCalendar Overview

Apart from using Date() for date and time, GregorianCalendar instance can be used to create the calendar instance. It has various constructors to initialized the Calendar instance. By default, the constructor returns instance initialized with current time and time zone of the user. GregorianCalendar represents two eras AD and BC

Here is the constructor list of GregorianCalendar

Constructor  Description GregorianCalendar()  Constructs a default GregorianCalendar using the current time in the default time zone with the default locale. GregorianCalendar(int year, int month, int date) Constructs a GregorianCalendar with the given date set in the default time zone with the default locale. GregorianCalendar(int year, int month, int date, int hour, int minute) Constructs a GregorianCalendar with the given date and time set for the default time zone with the default locale. GregorianCalendar(int year, int month, int date, int hour, int minute, int second) Constructs a GregorianCalendar with the given date and time set for the default time zone with the default locale. GregorianCalendar(Locale aLocale) Constructs a GregorianCalendar based on the current time in the default time zone with the given locale. GregorianCalendar(TimeZone zone) Constructs a GregorianCalendar based on the current time in the given time zone with the default locale. GregorianCalendar(TimeZone zone, Locale aLocale) Constructs a GregorianCalendar based on the current time in the given time zone with the given locale.

For more details on GregorianCalendar, please check Oracle Java documentation.

You are at the end of the article, Hope you enjoyed it. please share and subscribe for latest articles on technology.

You may like Understanding Java From Scratch and Java Interview MCQ

[unixtmtpconv-blog]

UNIX TIMESTAMP CONVERTER- TRACK YOUR TIME!

Time is money and wastage of it adversely impacts life routine. The whole world including the system of the universe is moving clockwise. If we set our goals and daily life routine anti-clockwise, the entire system will be collapsed in the next moment.

That’s why “Convert for free” has brought the Unix Timestamp Converter online.  This Converter works efficiently & accurately. At the user end, you will take the right decisions at the right time. Now you can track time in seconds and even milliseconds! Don’t even miss out the calculations of a millisecond in your life!

Overview of Unix Timestamp Converter

In today’s era, the usage of this converter has increased greatly. The UNIX Timestamp system is used widely in various operating systems. Also, many file formats take help of it.

The system requires the digital date and time in digital data. For example, the computer files include Unix Timestamps. They inform you the last modified time for a file. Likewise, the digital camera adds timestamps to the snapshot they take, recording the date and time. Unix Timestamp converter has become an integral part of the technological era. It is being used in various programming software, such as java.

But, it is predicted that the day, January 19, 2038, is going to be tough for it

The UNIX systems would stop working because of the overflow of 32-bits. Hence, it is being considered that many applications would have to shift to 64-bit systems.

Unix Timestamp- the Principles behind the working of UNIX Timestamp Converter

Understanding the working of Unix timestamp converter is vital. But, before that, let’s have a look at the principals of Unix timestamp. Unix Time or POSIX time is also known as UNIX Epoch time. It is a system for the presentation of a specific point in time, which helps you track time in seconds. The principals on which it relays on are the following:

1) It tells you the seconds that have elapsed since the Coordinated Universal Time. Coordinated Universal Time is January 1, 1970

2) Leap years are not taken into account while counting the seconds

3) Each day is considered to contain 86400 seconds

How does the Unix Timestamp Converter Works? Step by step Guide

Unix Timestamp Converter relays on the above-told principles of Unix Timestamp. The Unix Timestamp Converter online is an important tool. It eases out the long calculations! It lets you track time in seconds with just some clicks. With it, you can perform two major calculations

1)Convert a date to Unix Timestamp

2) Convert Unix Timestamp to a date

It gives you a choice to get your answers is either seconds or milliseconds

Here are the steps to use the Unix Timestamp Converter Online

1) Select what you want to convert

2) Enter your value in the box accordingly

3) Select if you want your answer to be in seconds or milliseconds. If you want it in seconds, uncheck the millisecond’s tab.

4) Press the ”convert” key to getting your accurate answer!

Unix Timestamp Converters has a complex mechanism behind them. They use the Excel formulas and sheets to precisely calculate the conversions.

This post originally appeared at http://www.convertforfree.com/unix-timestamp-converter/

[codippa]

Convert nanoseconds to seconds

This article will explain different ways in which nanoseconds or nanotime can be converted into seconds in java. Method 1: Using TimeUnit.convert java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit is an enum in java that contains values representing different time units such as HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS, NANOSECONDS etc. TimeUnit is used to convert values between different time units. Its convert() method can be used to convert a duration in nanoseconds to seconds. convert() takes 2 arguments A. Duration to be converted. B. Unit of this duration. In this case, it will be nanoseconds Example, long timeInNanoSeconds = 1000000000; long seconds = TimeUnit.SECONDS. convert(timeInNanoSeconds, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); System.out.println(timeInNanoSeconds + " in seconds is " + convert); Note that the target time unit is the enum value on which convert() is called. In this case, it is SECONDS. Above example prints 1000000000 in seconds is 1 Method 2: Using TimeUnit.convert TimeUnit enum has an overloaded convert() method that takes a single argument of type java.time.Duration. Duration object can be created using its static method ofNanos which takes a long value as argument, which is the time interval or the value to be converted to nanoseconds. ofNanos() returns a Duration object representing the number of nanoseconds provided to it as argument. Example, long timeInNanoSeconds = 1000000000L; // convert nanoseconds to seconds long seconds = TimeUnit.SECONDS.convert( Duration.ofNanos(timeInNanoSeconds)); System.out.println(timeInNanoSeconds + " in seconds is " + seconds); Note that the target unit is the one on which convert() is called. This should be SECONDS if you want to convert to seconds. Output of above example is 1000000000 in seconds is 1 Method 3: Using TimeUnit.toSeconds TimeUnit has a method toSeconds() that takes a single value as argument and converts it to seconds. If you are converting nanoseconds to seconds, then this method should be called on TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS as shown below. long timeInNanoSeconds = System.nanoTime(); // convert to seconds long seconds = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS. toSeconds(timeInNanoSeconds); System.out.println(timeInNanoSeconds + " in seconds is " + seconds); Output of this example is 611665932118900 in seconds is 611665 Method 4: Division This method is simple mathematics based on following relation between nanoseconds and seconds. 1 Second = 1000000000 Nanosecond which means that 1 Nanosecond = 1/1000000000 Second So, in order to convert nanoseconds to second, divide it by 1000000000 as shown in the below example. // store start time long startTime = System.nanoTime(); // halt for 10 seconds Thread.sleep(10000); // store end time long endTime = System.nanoTime(); // get difference long duration = endTime - startTime; // convert to nanoseconds double seconds = (double)duration/1000000000; System.out.println(duration + " in seconds is " + seconds); Above example calculates two different times in nanoseconds using System.nanoTime(), calculates the difference between them and then converts it into seconds by dividing with 100000000. Note that a delay is injected by sleeping the current thread. In actual environment, this might represent a time consuming task. Above program prints 5001456700 in seconds is 5.0014567 With this method, you can also calculate the time interval taken to perform a task. Do not forget to hit the clap if the article was useful. Read the full article

[holytheoristtastemaker]

When you develop some software you may not think about timezones at first. Unless you live in a country which has to deal with multiple time zones, such as the United States or Russia. I recently came across an issue involving timezones. There were some unit tests making assertions about dates that used to work at my office in France but weren't working in Morocco for new members on our team. Here is the unit test working in France but not in Morocco ‌This was an opportunity for me to learn how to correctly handle dates and times for international software. In this article, I’ll introduce time zone issues and share some rules to follow. Quick introduction to time zones As the earth is kind of a sphere, the sun is rising in Japan while it's setting in America. If everyone used global time, let’s say 09:00 would be sunrise in Japan, but for Americans it would be sunset. Not very handy. To make sure the time is coordinated with the sun for everyone, it’s necessary to shift from global time according to your location. As a result, the globe gets split into time zones and each gets an offset. This offset is a number of minutes to add to the global time to get your time zone time. It can be either positive or negative. Standard world time zones — Illustration by Hellerick from Wikimedia Commons Global time is called UTC, it stands for Coordinated Universal Time. You may also heard about GMT which is a time zone without any offset. For instance, when it’s 10:50 at UTC, it’s also  03:50 in San Francisco with a -0700 offset and 18:50 in Beijing with a +0800 offset. Yet, the shift isn’t only in whole hours: Nepal's offset is +0545. You can check it out on Wikipedia. In addition of this offset, which comes with the time zone, some countries also shift clocks twice a year. DST or summer time adds one hour to the time zone offset before summer. Then, the clock is reset to the time zone time in winter. The goal is to make the daytime longer. The most common way to figure out a time zone is by using the IANA Time Zone Database. You end up with a string such as Europe/Paris following the Area/City pattern. Besides, Microsoft maintains its own Microsoft Time Zone Database used on its operating systems. But this can cause issues when running cross-platform .NET Core apps. IANA is still the go-to. The Microsoft database isn't updated often, it contains less history, fairly curious time zone names (eg: Romantic Standard Time) and is error prone. For example, try to not mix up Arab , Arabic and Arabian Standard Time. For more details on each database and their differences, check out this article. One last thing: there are plenty of ways to write a date. Fortunately, the ISO 8601 specification sets a common rule for date formatting. November 11, 2018 at 12:51:43 AM (in a time zone at UTC+00:00) 2018-11-05T12:51:43Z

http://damianfallon.blogspot.com/2020/04/how-to-handle-timezones-and-synchronize_63.html

[manektechworld]

Is Flutter the future of Cross Platform App Development?

For the last couple of years, cross-platform app development is dominating the Mobile Application development industry rather than Native Development. Business needs are changing from day to day because of an increase in growth and demand. There are a lot of cross-platform technologies like: React Native, Xamarin, Ionic, PhoneGap, Sencha, Cordova and many more. Some of them are already dead or it is their endgame now. The main reason is either they were limited and needed knowledge from many areas including framework itself and native platforms of iOS and Android.

At the present time, Facebook’s cross-platform framework React Native and Google’s recently launched cross-platform tool Flutter, are in the game for most of the new hybrid projects. This game of throne for the hybrid app development leader is very even at the present time, but here we are comparing newbie (Flutter) with almost 5 years old technology (React Native).

What is Flutter?

Flutter is an open source SDK platform developed and managed by Google. It was first released on Github in August 2016. It enables the developers to create modern feature-rich Android and iOS apps. Flutter is a red hot tool in the market, but it has excited the mobile app developers since the beginning. At the present, it is considered one of the best cross-platform app development tools. Flutter is considered to be a strong competitor to the already well-accepted React Native. Given the popularity it has amassed over this short span of time, many consider Flutter is the future of cross-platform app development.

Please check Google Trends comparison chart for Flutter vs React Native below:

So, let’s compare these two major cross-platform app development tools and find if Flutter is really going to be the future of the cross-platform app development.

Learning Curve: Flutter uses Google’s own programming language, Dart. Dart is rather not popular, but it is the same family as C/C++, Java, Swift. Dart language does not require any expertise as a prerequisite and is very easy to quickly adapt, so around a week or two is needed to kick in. So, it will not be unfair to call Flutter easy to learn and master. It is one of the main reasons for the app developers being drawn to its simplicity and efficiency. Flutter documentation is very neat and clear-cut, that’s why it has managed to inspire the developers to adapt and use Dart swiftly.

Performance: Flutter has great performance which makes it very popular among the developers. Performance has always been the point of concern for the hybrid frameworks. Mobile apps that are developed using the Flutter framework have immense speed over React Native. React Native uses the same fundamental UI building blocks as regular iOS or Android apps and the JS runs in a separate thread and communicates with native modules through a bridge. Flutter is ahead of time compiled to machine code and gives better performance. In Flutter apps, UI components as well as whole logic is compiled, that’s why every so often Flutter apps are as fast or even faster than the native Android apps. We can improve the speed of a React Native application with the use of third-party libraries. Nonetheless, in the cutthroat competition, React Native cannot outplay Flutter in terms of app performance.

Community & Support: React Native has a massive developer community. There are lots of tutorials, libraries, plugins and UI frameworks that make it easy to learn the technology and start the development. Flutter has a lot of catching up to do if it’s to match React native, which is typical for any new, young tool. It’s worth noting that the Flutter community is growing exponentially. Stack overflow tag trends show an intense increase in developer interest in Flutter. Flutter has 82.5k stars and 10.7k forks on Github, while React Native has 83.5k stars and 18.7k forks. Flutter has a smaller, less experienced community at present, but current trends indicate that Flutter will draw level with React Native in this respect. Flutter developers at Google are really good and Flutter documentation is really fantastic and easy to follow for the beginners as well. Plus, Flutter has tons of plugins which makes development easier. One can simply add the features without having the code written from scratch. This saves a lot of time and resources making the app development faster and fun.

One code for 2 platforms and many more to come! Writing various codes for various different platforms can be extremely time consuming and difficult, not to forget the importance of maintaining consistency. With Flutterm developers write just one codebase for your 2 apps, covering both Android and iOS platforms. This spares a great deal of time and assets that go into the development and testing.

Plugins & Libraries Google’s support for Flutter is impressive and it has tons of plugins which makes the development easier. Flutter is designed to support Material Design out of box, so the framework supports much more widgets. A developer using Flutter can create most of the views with pre-made widgets which are easily customizable and cross-platform consistent. This saves a lot of time and resources making the app development faster and fun. Flutter has recently announced plugins for various tools such as Supernova, Rive, Adobe XD, etc. which are helpful to convert Adobe XD file to Flutter widgets code and develop animation for Flutter. With all the widgets, tools, plugins and packages that the Flutter offers, you can customize them as per the requirements. React Native supports only basic components out of box, but there are outside repos with many additional components for React Native. A developer can use them in a project but that requires additional effort and time.

UI/UX that your users will love! Flutter doesn’t rely on native system components, but it has custom widgets which are rendered and managed by the framework’s own graphics engine, Skia. Even new apps look the same on older iOS or Android systems, so you never have to worry about supporting older devices. Flutter apps have a very user-friendly UI with pretty easy to create animations, a crucial advantage for Flutter over React Native. Moreover, Flutter developers can theme an app in by using ThemeData, with which can set all values for fonts, colors, and aesthetics once and for all instead of manually changing them everywhere. Flutter was created in such a way that you could easily create your own widgets, or simply customize an existing widget for better UI/UX experience.

Hot Reload Flutter offers a very useful feature for app developers, Hot Reload. It saves a lot of development time. Developers can make changes in the code and see them straight away in the app. Hot Reload usually only takes milliseconds and helps dev teams add features, fix bugs and experiment faster. Hot Reload enables better collaboration between developers and designers when they want to improve how the app looks and check effects immediately. With native app development, you need to wait up to several minutes to see every change you make.

Perfect for MVP! Flutter is really a good choice for small and medium size applications or when content and basic features require constant iteration. If you want to show your product to investors as soon as possible, you can build a Flutter mobile application that looks pure native on both Android and iOS. Developing two separate native apps would take much more time and money.

The future ahead! Apart from cross-platform app development for iOS and Android platforms, Flutter has also recently announced “Flutter for Web” and “Flutter for Desktop”. Although, both of these features are still in Beta and Alpha stage respectively, it seems Google is pretty serious in making Flutter truly a cross-platform development framework for all the platform, including Mobile, Desktop and Web.

Flutter as a framework is looking very promising and right now has a big developer community. Even at present time, we can find complex apps in the market which are based on Flutter, like Reflectly, Alibaba, Google Ads, Hamilton Musical, Birch Finance, Dream11, Hookle. Please check Flutter Showcase on more apps built with Flutter . Along with cross-platform development, Flutter can pave the way for developers to develop for the Fuchsia OS platform. Fuchsia is an experimental operating system, which is in development at Google and many think that Fuchsia will replace Android in near future.

Conclusion Flutter offers the high-end features for developing a cross-platform application for your business. Choosing the developers with expertise in Flutter and experience in various industries results in a great app for your business. If you are looking to develop a highly-functional cross-platform application, with beautiful UI/UX for your business, then ManekTech, a flutter app development company, is the right place to head.

[skptricks]

Convert Milliseconds into Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds in Java

Sometimes we need to convert the milliseconds into days or hours or minutes or seconds, so in this post we will see how to convert milliseconds into days, hours, minutes, seconds in Java.

Basically when you want to check the exact time taken to execute a program then you may need to calculate the time. So in this case you get the start time in milliseconds and end time in milliseconds and you want to check how much time that program took to execute. Therefore you would like to convert the milliseconds into minutes and seconds to make it more readable format because millisecond unit may not be so understandable quickly.

Lets see the below example, it will provide you better idea to convert the milliseconds into days or hours or minutes or seconds.

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; public class MillisToDayHrMinSec { public static void main(String[] args) { final long milliseconds = 5478965412358l; final long day = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(milliseconds); final long hours = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(milliseconds) - TimeUnit.DAYS.toHours(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(milliseconds)); final long minutes = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(milliseconds) - TimeUnit.HOURS.toMinutes(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(milliseconds)); final long seconds = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(milliseconds) - TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(milliseconds)); final long ms = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMillis(milliseconds) - TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(milliseconds)); System.out.println("milliseconds :-" + milliseconds); System.out.println(String.format("%d Days %d Hours %d Minutes %d Seconds %d Milliseconds", day, hours, minutes, seconds, ms)); } }

Output : -------------------- milliseconds :-5478965412358 63413 Days 22 Hours 50 Minutes 12 Seconds 358 Milliseconds

Hope you like this simple example for time conversion, where we are converting milliseconds into days or hours or minutes or seconds. Thank you for reading this article, and if you have any problem, have a another better useful solution about this article, please write message in the comment section.

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[mycurrenttime]

Benefits of UNIX Time Zone Converter for Developers

What is the Unix Timestamp?

The Unix Time Zone Converter for web developers is a very tremendous tool that is supposed to be calculated since January 1st, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC. This is used to convert the timestamps by using the method of seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, and nanoseconds. It is a tool that is said to be a means of running a total of seconds that can be counted between the Unix Epoch and a specific date.

It is used in the form so that the time required or the time taken can be easily converted. It is according to all the different time zones that can be facilely penetrable. This is the tool that can efficiently find the differences in the time that is found between many of the time zones and in every corner of the planet. This Time Zone Converter will surely work in the best way and for all the smart developers as this effortlessly converts the time and a very flexible way.

This tool is a very easy-to-use Time Zone Converter for the developers that allow the finding of the time difference between many of the time zones around the world. This is examined to be a concise sequence of the characters and any of the encoded details and information that can be smoothly identified when any of the events are to be supposed to get occurs certainly. It gives accuracy even to a small fraction of a second.

Why You Should Use Unix Timestamp Converter?

The timezone is a way that a developer can use during the developing process. It is used in the form of a converter that converts the time zone according to the different formats that have been created into a lot of the software and websites.

Some of the benefits of the Unix Time Zone Converter for developers are highlighted below:

This allows a developer to easily change the formats from Unix time to any date and back. 

This presence of the converter need not go with the sudden rigor calculations like with the year, month, day, hour, minute, and seconds that can be only understood by the human.

All these are needed for the devices to perform real-time actions.

The Unix time converter has the ability to perform the function that is making it easier to perform the actions without giving any sort of problem to you.

Unix time zone converter can easily and wisely manipulate the information that regards PHQ, and MySQL.

With Unix Time converter you can freely represent a small and short range of the time that is so far which is within 1901-2038.

When you can get the means of converting the normal date to Epoch, then it is easy to work in the best and with the more compatible manner.

The languages even the high-level languages can be comfortably converted and will work in a way as easy as you want it.

With the help you the Unix Time Zone Converter a developer can effortlessly store and create dates for any of the regarded pieces of information.

[djgblogger-blog]

Efficient data acquisition in MATLAB: Streaming HD video in real-time

http://bit.ly/2zRhO84

Digital Background. Secure data concept. Digital flow, symbolizing data protection and digital technologies

The acquisition and processing of a video stream can be very computationally expensive. Typical image processing applications split the work across multiple threads, one acquiring the images, and another one running the actual algorithms. In MATLAB we can get multi-threading by interfacing with other languages, but there is a significant cost associated with exchanging data across the resulting language barrier. In this blog post, we compare different approaches for getting data through MATLAB’s Java interface, and we show how to acquire high-resolution video streams in real-time and with low overhead.

Motivation

For our booth at ICRA 2014, we put together a demo system in MATLAB that used stereo vision for tracking colored bean bags, and a robot arm to pick them up. We used two IP cameras that streamed H.264 video over RTSP. While developing the image processing and robot control parts worked as expected, it proved to be a challenge to acquire images from both video streams fast enough to be useful.

IP Camera Support only supports MJPEG over HTTP and didn’t exist at the time

USB Webcam Support only supports USB cameras

imread and webread are limited to HTTP and too slow for real-time

Since we did not want to switch to another language, we decided to develop a small library for acquiring video streams. The project was later open sourced as HebiCam.

Technical Background

In order to save bandwidth most IP cameras compress video before sending it over the network. Since the resulting decoding step can be computationally expensive, it is common practice to move the acquisition to a separate thread in order to reduce the load on the main processing thread.

Unfortunately, doing this in MATLAB requires some workarounds due to the language’s single threaded nature, i.e., background threads need to run in another language. Out of the box, there are two supported interfaces: MEX for calling C/C++ code, and the Java Interface for calling Java code.

While both interfaces have strengths and weaknesses, practically all use cases can be solved using either one. For this project, we chose the Java interface in order to simplify cross-platform development and the deployment of binaries. The diagram below shows an overview of the resulting system.

Figure 1. System overview for a stereo vision setup

Starting background threads and getting the video stream into Java was relatively straightforward. We used the JavaCV library, which is a Java wrapper around OpenCV and FFMpeg that includes pre-compiled native binaries for all major platforms. However, passing the acquired image data from Java into MATLAB turned out to be more challenging.

The Java interface automatically converts between Java and MATLAB types by following a set of rules. This makes it much simpler to develop for than the MEX interface, but it does cause additional overhead when calling Java functions. Most of the time this overhead is negligible. However, for certain types of data, such as large and multi-dimensional matrices, the default rules are very inefficient and can become prohibitively expensive. For example, a 1080x1920x3 MATLAB image matrix gets translated to a byte[1080][1920][3] in Java, which means that there is a separate array object for every single pixel in the image.

As an additional complication, MATLAB stores image data in a different memory layout than most other libraries (e.g. OpenCV’s Mat or Java’s BufferedImage). While pixels are commonly stored in row-major order ([width][height][channels]), MATLAB stores images transposed and in column-major order ([channels][width][height]). For example, if the Red-Green-Blue pixels of a BufferedImage would be laid out as [RGB][RGB][RGB]…​, the same image would be laid out as [RRR…​][GGG…​][BBB…​] in MATLAB. Depending on the resolution this conversion can become fairly expensive.

In order to process images at a frame rate of 30 fps in real-time, the total time budget of the main MATLAB thread is 33ms per cycle. Thus, the acquisition overhead imposed on the main thread needs to be sufficiently low, i.e., a low number of milliseconds, to leave enough time for the actual processing.

Data Translation

We benchmarked five different ways to get image data from Java into MATLAB and compared their respective overhead on the main MATLAB thread. We omitted overhead incurred by background threads because it had no effect on the time budget available for image processing.

The full benchmark code is available here.

1. Default 3D Array

By default MATLAB image matrices convert to byte[height][width][channels] Java arrays. However, when converting back to MATLAB there are some additional problems:

byte gets converted to int8 instead of uint8, resulting in an invalid image matrix

changing the type back to uint8 is somewhat messy because the uint8(matrix) cast sets all negative values to zero, and the alternative typecast(matrix, 'uint8') only works on vectors

Thus, converting the data to a valid image matrix still requires several operations.

% (1) Get matrix from byte[height][width][channels] data = getRawFormat3d(this.javaConverter); [height,width,channels] = size(data); % (2) Reshape matrix to vector vector = reshape(data, width * height * channels, 1); % (3) Cast int8 data to uint8 vector = typecast(vector, 'uint8'); % (4) Reshape vector back to original shape image = reshape(vector, height, width, channels);

2. Compressed 1D Array

A common approach to move image data across distributed components (e.g. ROS) is to encode the individual images using MJPEG compression. Doing this within a single process is obviously wasteful, but we included it because it is common practice in many distributed systems. Since MATLAB did not offer a way to decompress jpeg images in memory, we needed to save the compressed data to a file located on a RAM disk.

% (1) Get compressed data from byte[] data = getJpegData(this.javaConverter); % (2) Save as jpeg file fileID = fopen('tmp.jpg','w+'); fwrite(fileID, data, 'int8'); fclose(fileID); % (3) Read jpeg file image = imread('tmp.jpg');

3. Java Layout as 1D Pixel Array

Another approach is to copy the pixel array of Java’s BufferedImage and to reshape the memory using MATLAB. This is also the accepted answer for How can I convert a Java Image object to a MATLAB image matrix?.

% (1) Get data from byte[] and cast to correct type data = getJavaPixelFormat1d(this.javaConverter); data = typecast(data, 'uint8'); [h,w,c] = size(this.matlabImage); % get dim info % (2) Reshape matrix for indexing pixelsData = reshape (data, 3 , w, h); % (3) Transpose and convert from row major to col major format (RGB case) image = cat (3 , ... transpose(reshape (pixelsData(3 , :, :), w, h)), ... transpose(reshape (pixelsData(2 , :, :), w, h)), ... transpose(reshape (pixelsData(1 , :, :), w, h)));

4. MATLAB Layout as 1D Pixel Array

The fourth approach also copies a single pixel array, but this time the pixels are already stored in the MATLAB convention.

% (1) Get data from byte[] and cast to correct type data = getMatlabPixelFormat1d(this.javaConverter); [h,w,c] = size (this.matlabImage); % get dim info vector = typecast(data, 'uint8' ); % (2) Interpret pre-laid out memory as matrix image = reshape (vector,h,w,c);

Note that the most efficient way we found for converting the memory layout on the Java side was to use OpenCV’s split and transpose functions. The code can be found in MatlabImageConverterBGR and MatlabImageConverterGrayscale.

5. MATLAB Layout as Shared Memory

The fifth approach is the same as the fourth with the difference that the Java translation layer is bypassed entirely by using shared memory via memmapfile. Shared memory is typically used for inter-process communication, but it can also be used within a single process. Running within the same process also simplifies synchronization since MATLAB can access Java locks.

% (1) Lock memory lock(this.javaObj); % (2) Force a copy of the data image = this.memFile.Data.pixels * 1 ; % (3) Unlock memory unlock(this.javaObj);

Note that the code could be interrupted (ctrl+c) at any line, so the locking mechanism would need to be able to recover from bad states, or the unlocking would need to be guaranteed by using a destructor or onCleanup.

The multiplication by one forces a copy of the data. This is necessary because under-the-hood memmapfile only returns a reference to the underlying memory.

Results

All benchmarks were run in MATLAB 2017b on an Intel NUC6I7KYK. The performance was measured using MATLAB’s timeit function. The background color of each cell in the result tables represents a rough classification of the overhead on the main MATLAB thread.

Table 1. Color classification Color Overhead At 30 FPS

Green

<10%

<3.3 ms

Yellow

<50%

<16.5 ms

Orange

<100%

<33.3 ms

Red

>100%

>33.3 ms

The two tables below show the results for converting color (RGB) images as well as grayscale images. All measurements are in milliseconds.

Figure 2. Conversion overhead on the MATLAB thread in [ms]

The results show that the default conversion, as well as jpeg compression, are essentially non-starters for color images. For grayscale images, the default conversion works significantly better due to the fact that the data is stored in a much more efficient 2D array (byte[height][width]), and that there is no need to re-order pixels by color. Unfortunately, we currently don’t have a good explanation for the ~10x cost increase (rather than ~4x) between 1080p and 4K grayscale. The behavior was the same across computers and various different memory settings.

When copying the backing array of a BufferedImage we can see another significant performance increase due to the data being stored in a single contiguous array. At this point much of the overhead comes from re-ordering pixels, so by doing the conversion beforehand, we can get another 2-3x improvement.

Lastly, although accessing shared memory in combination with the locking overhead results in a slightly higher fixed cost, the copying itself is significantly cheaper, resulting in another 2-3x speedup for high-resolution images. Overall, going through shared memory scales very well and would even allow streaming of 4K color images from two cameras simultaneously.

Final Notes

Our main takeaway was that although MATLAB’s Java interface can be inefficient for certain cases, there are simple workarounds that can remove most bottlenecks. The most important rule is to avoid converting to and from large multi-dimensional matrices whenever possible.

Another insight was that shared-memory provides a very efficient way to transfer large amounts of data to and from MATLAB. We also found it useful for inter-process communication between multiple MATLAB instances. For example, one instance can track a target while another instance can use its output for real-time control. This is useful for avoiding coupling a fast control loop to the (usually lower) frame rate of a camera or sensor.

As for our initial motivation, after creating HebiCam we were able to develop and reliably run the entire demo in MATLAB. The video below shows the setup using old-generation S-Series actuators.

[juztjava-blog]

Calculate Difference between two Dates in Java

The Difference between two Java (util.Date) can be easily found using the difference in time in milliseconds. The difference would be in milliseconds, and it is easy to convert it into days or any time representation by multiplying it with the converting difference. A Sample Program : package com.jingo.examples; import java.util.Calendar; public class DateDifference {…

Calculate Difference between two Dates in Java was originally published on

[mycurrenttime]

What is The Unix Time and How Does It Work?

The Unix Time is the number of seconds that has to be calculated since January 1st, 1970 at 00:00:00 UTC universally. This system is used to represent a point in time. It is usually a way of representing the timestamp by representing the time in the form of the number of seconds. 

The Unix Time is not supposed to handle the extra seconds that occur on the extra day of the leap year. 

There are two kinds of variations of the Unix time also as if sometimes the timestamp needs to represent a time that is quite smaller than one second then a variation of the Unix time Zone Converter needs to be employed at that time. The two of them are - 

Unix Time in Decimals: Time in decimals is one of the ways to represent a time with great precision than a single second is instead of representing this time using the whole numbers, and instead of this using these decimals in representing the fraction of a second.

Unix Time in Milliseconds: convert time to milliseconds in java is another     option that is used in representing the timestamp using the number of milliseconds instead of the number of seconds that is continuing since the     Unix Time.

Unix Time is a nonlinear segment with a leap second that has the same Unix time as it is the second before it or after it. It is implementation-dependent so that every day can be treated as if it exactly contains the seconds. There are no seconds that are to be added or subtracted from the day as a result of the positive or a negative leap seconds. These remarked treatments of leap seconds show that the Unix time is not a complete or a trusty representation of the UTC.

This time is mostly and widely used in the operating systems as well as in the formats of the files also. In this type of operating system, the date is examined to be a command which will be used in the print or in the setting of the current time.

The Unix time is made up of the two layers of the encoding. The first layer is supposed to encode a point as a scalar real number in the time that represents the number of seconds that have been passed since January 1st, 1970 00:00:00 UTC. On the other hand, the second layer is supposed to encode the number that is as a sequence of any decimal digit or in bits. 

How does the Unix time work?

The Unix timestamp is examined to be a sequence of the characters or any encoded information that is identified when a certain event occurs. It usually gives the date and the time of the day and sometimes it is accurate to a small fraction of a second. 

Unix time is a remarkable way to track the time as a running total of seconds. This count gets to be started at the Unix Epoch that has started at the UTC on January 1st, 1970. Therefore, this Unix timestamp is entirely the number of seconds that is found to be in between the Unix time Epoch and a particular date. 

[holytheoristtastemaker]

When you develop some software you may not think about timezones at first. Unless you live in a country which has to deal with multiple time zones, such as the United States or Russia. I recently came across an issue involving timezones. There were some unit tests making assertions about dates that used to work at my office in France but weren't working in Morocco for new members on our team. Here is the unit test working in France but not in Morocco ‌This was an opportunity for me to learn how to correctly handle dates and times for international software. In this article, I’ll introduce time zone issues and share some rules to follow. Quick introduction to time zones As the earth is kind of a sphere, the sun is rising in Japan while it's setting in America. If everyone used global time, let’s say 09:00 would be sunrise in Japan, but for Americans it would be sunset. Not very handy. To make sure the time is coordinated with the sun for everyone, it’s necessary to shift from global time according to your location. As a result, the globe gets split into time zones and each gets an offset. This offset is a number of minutes to add to the global time to get your time zone time. It can be either positive or negative. Standard world time zones — Illustration by Hellerick from Wikimedia Commons Global time is called UTC, it stands for Coordinated Universal Time. You may also heard about GMT which is a time zone without any offset. For instance, when it’s 10:50 at UTC, it’s also  03:50 in San Francisco with a -0700 offset and 18:50 in Beijing with a +0800 offset. Yet, the shift isn’t only in whole hours: Nepal's offset is +0545. You can check it out on Wikipedia. In addition of this offset, which comes with the time zone, some countries also shift clocks twice a year. DST or summer time adds one hour to the time zone offset before summer. Then, the clock is reset to the time zone time in winter. The goal is to make the daytime longer. The most common way to figure out a time zone is by using the IANA Time Zone Database. You end up with a string such as Europe/Paris following the Area/City pattern. Besides, Microsoft maintains its own Microsoft Time Zone Database used on its operating systems. But this can cause issues when running cross-platform .NET Core apps. IANA is still the go-to. The Microsoft database isn't updated often, it contains less history, fairly curious time zone names (eg: Romantic Standard Time) and is error prone. For example, try to not mix up Arab , Arabic and Arabian Standard Time. For more details on each database and their differences, check out this article. One last thing: there are plenty of ways to write a date. Fortunately, the ISO 8601 specification sets a common rule for date formatting. November 11, 2018 at 12:51:43 AM (in a time zone at UTC+00:00) 2018-11-05T12:51:43Z

http://damianfallon.blogspot.com/2020/04/how-to-handle-timezones-and-synchronize_7.html