#crosspollination

[tutoroot]

What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Self Pollination and Cross Pollination? 

Pollination is the mechanism through which plants reproduce. It involves the movement of pollen grains from the male anther to the female stigma. This process ensures the fertilization of the ovule, leading to seed formation and the propagation of plant species. 

What is Self-Pollination? 

Self-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther of a flower lands on the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant. This type of pollination does not require external agents like wind, water, or animals. 

This process does not require external agents like wind, water, or animals. 

Few Self Pollination Examples

The examples of self-pollination are given below, 

Pea Plants (Pisum sativum): Known for their self-pollinating ability, pea plants have flowers that close tightly, ensuring that pollen falls directly onto the stigma. 

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum): These plants can self-pollinate within the same flower, thanks to their structure that facilitates direct pollen transfer. 

Wheat (Triticum aestivum): Another example of self-pollinating plants, wheat often fertilizes itself before the flower even opens. 

Advantages and Disadvantages of Self Pollination

The major advantages and disadvantages of of self-pollination are, 

Advantages: 

Genetic Consistency: Produces offspring genetically identical to the parent, ensuring trait stability. 

No Dependence on Pollinators: Eliminates the need for pollinators, which can be scarce in some environments. 

Efficient Reproduction: Allows rapid and efficient reproduction, beneficial in stable environments. 

Disadvantages: 

Lack of Genetic Diversity: Results in less genetic variation, which can make plants more susceptible to diseases and environmental changes. 

Inbreeding Depression: Continuous self-pollination can lead to inbreeding depression, reducing plant vigor and fertility. 

What is Cross Pollination? 

Cross-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther of one flower is transferred to the stigma of another flower on a different plant of the same species. This process often involves external agents like insects, wind, or water. 

And this process requires external agents such as wind, water, insects, birds, or other animals. 

Cross Pollination Example for Better Understanding

Here are a few best examples of cross pollination, 

Apple Trees (Malus domestica): Apple trees rely heavily on insects, especially bees, for cross-pollination. The bees transfer pollen from one apple flower to another, facilitating fertilization. 

Pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo): These plants depend on bees to move pollen between male and female flowers, ensuring successful fruit production. 

Oak Trees (Quercus spp.): Wind plays a crucial role in the cross-pollination of oak trees, carrying pollen from one tree to another over long distances. 

Types of Cross Pollination 

4 major types of cross-pollination have existed. Here is the complete information for types of cross pollination. 

1. Entomophily (Insect Pollination)

Entomophily involves the transfer of pollen by insects, such as bees, butterflies, and beetles. These insects are attracted to flowers by their color, scent, and nectar. When insects visit flowers to collect nectar, they inadvertently pick up pollen and transfer it to other flowers. 

Example: Bees and Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) – Bees visit sunflowers for nectar and, in the process, carry pollen from one flower to another, aiding in cross-pollination. 

2. Anemophily (Wind Pollination)

Anemophily occurs when pollen is carried by the wind from one flower to another. This type of pollination is common in grasses, trees, and other plants with lightweight, dry pollen that can be easily transported by the breeze. 

Example: Corn (Zea mays) – Corn plants produce large amounts of lightweight pollen that are dispersed by the wind to other corn plants, facilitating cross-pollination. 

3. Hydrophily (Water Pollination)

Hydrophily is a form of pollination where pollen is transferred through water. This type of pollination is rare and usually occurs in aquatic plants. 

Example: Vallisneria spiralis – In this aquatic plant, male flowers release pollen onto the water surface, which is then carried by water currents to female flowers for fertilization. 

4. Zoophily (Animal Pollination)

Zoophily involves the transfer of pollen by animals other than insects, such as birds, bats, and other mammals. These animals visit flowers for food, and during their visits, they help in transferring pollen. 

Example: Hummingbirds and Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) – Hummingbirds feed on the nectar of hibiscus flowers and, in the process, transfer pollen from one flower to another. 

Advantages and Disadvantages of Cross Pollination 

Here listed the advantages and disadvantages of cross pollination. 

Advantages: 

Genetic Diversity: Promotes genetic variation, enhancing plant adaptability and resilience to environmental changes. 

Hybrid Vigor: Cross-pollination can result in hybrid vigor, producing stronger and more robust offspring. 

Disadvantages: 

Dependence on Pollinators: Relies on external agents, which may not always be available, potentially limiting reproduction. 

Energy Intensive: Requires more energy to produce attractants like nectar, scent, and brightly colored flowers. 

Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination Diagram 

Diagrams are instrumental in understanding the processes of self-pollination and cross-pollination. In self-pollination, the pollen moves within the same flower or plant. In cross-pollination, pollen travels from one plant to another, facilitated by wind, water, or animals. Visual representations can highlight these differences and illustrate the roles of various pollinators. 

Understanding self-pollination and cross-pollination is fundamental for studying plant biology and agriculture. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, influencing plant reproduction, genetic diversity, and adaptability. Recognizing these differences helps in appreciating the complexity and efficiency of nature’s reproductive strategies. 

Looking for clear explanations and a deeper understanding of various concepts? Visit the Tutoroot Blog for simplified learning experiences. Enhance your knowledge and get your questions answered with Tutoroot Biology online tuitions. Start your journey with Tutoroot’s online home tuitions today by scheduling a FREE DEMO session. 

[eudaemon-m]

[butchshevik]

the most annoying white people on earth are about to get REALLY into kendrick lamar

[mrs-luigi-vargas]

Also past-me was really really psyched about coming up with the innuendo in this bit, for some reason:

Present-me isn't so sure about it, buuuut its fine I can let her have this, I guess XD It's a minor thing anyway~

[theshitpostcalligrapher]

i've managed to redownload an old comfort game called plant tycoon, where the objective of the game is to crosspollinate rarer and more interesting plants and sell them to be able to buy nicer gear for even rarer plants and maybe catch a few bugs with my net

so the issue

the issue is that I have the cross-pollination chart in a tab on another screen so I can see what my options are but

i guess I have

i guess i have a breeding tab now

[il3x]

teehee... my legacy >:3

[holmoris]

one of the magical things about outside is that dumb shit happens there. there is also grass

The 'everyone clapped' comments are so funny to me because like.... yall know how many stories I've told in the past 12 years that weren't even that outrageous, where someone who barely interacts with human beings decided it was fake? Come on now.

[fabiansociety]

okay, there's definitely some creative crosspollination between taskmaster and dropout, this teleprompter task is straight out of breaking news

[tutoroot]

What are Self Pollination and Cross Pollination? 

Self-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther of a flower lands on the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant. This type of pollination does not require external agents like wind, water, or animals. Cross-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther of one flower is transferred to the stigma of another flower on a different plant of the same species. This process often involves external agents like insects, wind, or water. Visit the Tutoroot Blog for simplified learning experiences. 

[alumbianchronicler]

Hey Fellow Americans! Things are kinda fucked right now, and with the whole tariff mess, they're likely to get even moreso.

So, as someone whose childhood diet was largely supplemented by our own garden and various other ways we used in the rural midwest, I want to share some things I learned about growing and preserving your own foods.

Mulch, mulch, mulch. And *not* woodchips or stones. Straw is great and relatively cheap if you buy it from a farmer, and if you start prepping in the fall, tree leaves are *magnificent*. The deeper your mulch, the more moisture is retained underneath and the less you'll have to weed. Plant your plants, and then pile in that mulch around them.

Incidentally, mulch beds are a great way to grow potatoes specifically. Make sure they're at least a foot deep; a great way to make them is to pile a *bunch* of fallen leaves in a temporary fenced area the fall before, let it soak over the winter, then plant your potatoes and pile on that straw around them! The loose compost mulch makes it *so much easier* to harvest, and potato beetles fall down in the straw and can't climb out.

Know what temperatures plants can deal with and how long they take till harvest. Sweet-peas hate heat. Corn hates frosts.

Anything that doesn't tolerate chill you'll want to start growing inside, if you start from seed instead of buying. You'll need cold and warm spectrum lights (orange and blue, Portal it up), and the little sprouts will want *lots* of light or they'll get leggy and fragile. Make sure to harden them off before planting them, by putting them outside for an hour at first, then increasing time until thet're ready. Otherwise, they'll be flattened by the wind and sunburned.

Grow Heirlooms. Fun and fancy hybrids won't breed true year after year, and you should want to save seeds for future years.

Seven-Dust is a great low-toxicity pesticide, with diatomaceous earth as the main ingredient, and pretty good on its own. Otherwise, picking the caterpillars and beetles off on your own and throwing them in a bucket of soapy water will help protect your plants.

Some plants take years to produce well, such as asparagus and rhubarb. Know what you're planting and whether you're going to be staying in the same place.

Planting in pots is entirely valid, just make sure you've got a big enough pot for what you're growing.

Alternatively, see if there are any community gardens near you! They offer lots that people can grow what they want on, and are great if you don't have a yard/space.

Tomato plants need support or they will sprawl and the tomatoes will rot on the ground.

Cucurbits (cucumbers, squashes, melons, basically anything round and kind of viney with heart-shaped leaves) crosspollinate, meaning if they're near eachother, you'll get funky hybrids out of future seeds. This isn't necessarily *bad*, as they're still quite edible, but keep it in mind.

Corn will also cross-pollinate, and the pollen affects how the seeds develop. If you grow sweet corn near seed corn, you aren't going to get nice, plump, juicy sweet ears.

Also, unless you have a good amount of space, don't bother with growing your own sweet corn. It's a finicky plant and if you drive out into the country, odds are you'll find sweet corn on sale by the bushel.

Which brings us to buying from local farms! Do it! Prices are likely to be cheaper than the store, and you can buy in bulk to process and preserve, and they'll have things you can't grow in a single year or small space.

Which leads us again to... preserving food.

Knowing how to can food is *great*. Don't listen to fear-mongering about home-canned foods being filled with botulism, do some research on the proper techniques and preparations and don't eat things that smell wrong.

Even if you don't get into canning or pickling, you can preserve a lot of things by freezing them. Going back up to the sweet corn, the process is: remove the husk, blanch the ear (quick-cook in boiling water, half-cooking it), cool in ice-water, cut the kernals off (place the ear on its butt and cut down along it), put a few cups in a ziploc bag, seal tight (air is your enemy!), lay flat, and freeze. Other things can be frozen, too.

Scavenging or gathering can be useful, too! Dandelions are edible! There are a bunch of naturally-growing plants and fungi that are edible! Do some reading and research, know what you're after and when it grows, and go out to public forests for food (and while you're at it, pull up any invasive plants you spot <3)

Now... to meat.

Rabbits are among the most efficient food to meat ratio animals, *and* you can preserve and use the fur. I know rabbits are cute, but they are also tasty and a good lean meat.

Just don't make rabbit your only protein source, they don't have enough fat for humans and you can, rather ironically, starve.

A lot of towns and some cities will let you keep a few chickens! See if yours does and get some egg-layers. You'll find chicks for sale at any farm supply store in the spring Once they stop laying, or if you accidentally get a rooster, eat them. Again, grim, but we need to be practical here.

A lot of places in the US have licenses and seasons for hunting, especially deer. Learn how to handle a gun safely, get one, and get a hunting license. The amount of meat you can get from a deer can go far in feeding a family over-winter.

If you can't/won't hunt, then see if there are any local small butchers near you. See if you can buy a fourth, half, or whole animal for bulk price, and shove those cuts in your freezer for later.

This is by no means a comprehensive list or lesson for growing/sourcing your own food, but I hope it gives a bit of a starting point. There are many resources out there for gardening and preserving food, so definitely go find something that's right for your area.

And please, to anyone reblogging this, add your own advice! Let's help keep each other alive and fed in this stupid time!

[whetstonefires]

i also maintained the deliberate belief that 'cultivation novels' centered on possibly magical agriculture for as long as i could

I do not know if you're looking for comic recommendations at the moment but as a big fan of the greatest estate developer I wanted to recommend some stuff that struck me as similar:

Unlucky is as lucky does (weird name, good story, weird faces galore. Fantasy but not transmigration)

Love advice from the great duke of hell (comedy, weird faces slightly to the left, kinda isekai if summoning counts? Fun demon guys in there)

Vainglorious is... admittedly the weird one out here for having less weird faces but the shenanigans at times feel similar.

Princess Hurricane is two isekais for the price of one and although there isn't much out yet I would say it does hit some of the greatest estate's good spots, both comedy-vise and weird faces-vise.

That's all, have a good day, big fan of the normal spaceship, peace and wellfishes!

So I get that an isekai is a portal fantasy with Asian characters but what the fuck is a transmigration

I spent too long working in biology and I can only imagine a flock of wild Protagonists heading closer to the equator for the winter

[fierceawakening]

Anybody got a link to the vox article on empathy is a sin? I’m curious about whether it, or anyone but me, sees any connections or through lines between “empathy is a sin” from the right of today and “empathy is for neurotypicals and just makes them emotey” from certain corners of the disability rights left some years ago.

It seems to me the empathy is for neurotypicals happened first and the militant Christians picked it up, possibly when they started crosspollinating with people like Elon Musk.

I think they’re distinct but I’m not surprised at all that one would follow the other, ESPECIALLY when the right likes to peel off neurodivergent men who feel unheard in leftist spaces. So I’m curious if the article might connect them.

[bhstoriesblog]

Well it seems I've hit the 1k followers mark finally. It's a drop in the bucket from the last blog but I'm sure a chunk of both are bots too. None the less I appreciate the follows. This blog isn't about follows though. It's just a place to put stuff when I have an idea for people to see. I actually have more posts and original content than the last blog but slower growth. Longer posts don't often do as well and I don't reblog others a lot and that's fine. I'm not here to be popular or spam. I appreciate the kind words I've gotten so far. People follow me for many different reasons. Some people follow that I wouldn't think would necessarily be interested but it seems there's some crosspollination between themes that I get and I try and keep it light hearted here. Whatever the reason, thank you. I don't diligently tend to this blog but it's a side project for when I have time/inspiration. The more of both I get the more you may see me.

[crescentsandcrossthreads]

Hans Zimmer's "You Fought Well" fucks me up o hard and it crosspollinates ideas from the Dune saga *and* my other fave and foil to Dune, Foundation.

[pynkhues]

I often refer to lestat as a mom/girlmom mostly because the claudia/lestat relationship in the show reminds me if my relationship with my mother. To me lestat gives off "my child is all the things I hate about myself. I live vicariously through them and resent their choices I wouldn't have made. They exist to represent me" ...but anon is right it kinda creates the same weird heteronormacy that people do with top bottom discourse

(x)

That's totally fair, anon! I've said it on here a few times, but I love that we all bring our own histories and contexts to a story, and I think that a lot of the time that offers space to enrich discussion and relate to characters, themes and story arcs in different ways. :-)

It's interesting too, because I think on its own, there should be more space to talk about parental roles and how certain dynamics can feel gendered when it comes to parenting, and the impact that has on a family unit that defies the nuclear-family structure, but it really does just all feel so tangled up in these other conversations in this fandom. From the masc/femme discourse, to the gothic heroine rhetoric to the top/bottom debate, it's like you can't pull up one plant without bringing half the garden up with it, which is a shame, because these things might have crosspollination points, but they're really pretty different plants, at least in my opinion, and the fact that they're not being treated as such tells me that they're all being strangled by the weed of heteronormativity and gender essentialism.

I'm extending the metaphor too far now, haha, sorry, but I hope you get my point. There's a throughline of bad acting I think being perpetuated by some that weaponises these conversations to further an agenda, which means engaging in these conversations in good faith becomes really, really challenging.

[dustedmagazine]

Or:la — Trusting Theta (Fabric Originals)

Orlagh Dooley’s debut full-length has been a long time coming for understandable reasons. The Irish-born Liverpudlian has been staying busy as long as she’s been active, whether working to further the cause of her Deep Sea Frequency label and erstwhile NTS radio show, promoting the work of her more recent Céad (and Céad Damhsa) offshoot imprints, or simply DJing out to keep sharp. The results of that work are plain for all to see, a nine-strong suite of siren songs for the heads. That’s the easy read of it, anyway.

Dig just a scratch deeper and you’ll find a record that’s political and pointed, if not necessarily insular. Or:la’s motives behind the music are meant to capture “sapphic love, friendship and defiance against the still-neverending injustices against the feminine.” Much is also made of her attraction to Greek (in addition to being the eighth letter of that alphabet, the theta referred to here is of theta brain waves, which occur in states of “autopilot” or deep relaxation) and Celtic (which favorably views women for being healers, mothers and leaders) mythology. Other than the 3D-printed bust of Or:la on the album cover, however, the mythologies play into things little beyond spirit compared with the feminine nods she offers in titles like “Cooking Up Pepper Spray With Mary Lake” and, most definitively, “Patriarchy Purge.” This is not one for the boys.

It is, rather, a record for anyone in support of evening out the odds. For Or:la, that means drawing from her community, the people immediately around her — and in addition to the recipe discussion with DJing compatriot Lake, the features from fellow Derry native Bridie Monds-Watson, aka Rough Trade veteran SOAK, as well as Rinse FM staple and Rosebud Recordings head Eliza Rose help flesh out her vision, help channel the percolating anger and frustration.

Carefully deployed, these features keep listeners locked in throughout what’s actually a pretty lean record — despite the suggestion of a label name like Deep Sea Frequency and the proof of concept that many of her sets turn out to be, the nine songs fly by at less than 35 minutes. She covers a lot of ground, too, which shouldn’t come as a surprise; her sets have long eschewed any one style in favor of rhythmic crosspollination, and Trusting Theta is no different. Whether it be the slow-mo first-wave dubstep influence of opener “Milky Way of Glitter” or nigh-EBM machinations of “Cooking Up Pepper Spray With Mary Lake” or big synth plinks of first single “Fired Up,” listening for what’s happening in the production is a full-time affair.

Which is what this record is really about. The party line might say Trusting Theta is a debut album of defiance, but she’s also saying it’s about women’s “quiet conversations, intimate moments and mournful prayers, projecting them out into the world.” For all the girls who get it, this one’s dedicated to you; for all the girls (and anyone else) who don’t, stop what you’re doing and listen, focus, understand. Then trust.

Patrick Masterson