“Queering” Heteronormativity: Biological essentialism in genderbending manga
CONTENT WARNING: Discussion of transphobia, queerphobia, and gender essentialism.
SPOILERS: General discussion of Hana-Kimi and W Juliet.
When a manga bills itself as “genderbending,” the reader might expect the series to experiment with gender nonconformance—that is, gender expression or identity that’s not aligned with traditional assigned-at-birth gender (this includes everything from binary and nonbinary trans people to butch cis women to drag performers). Unfortunately, however, the genderbending genre is rife with series that simply use queer window-dressing to tell a fundamentally non-queer, heteronormative story.
The framework of “[cis girl or boy] must pretend to be [“opposite” gender] in order to [accomplish bizarre main plot driver] before getting together with [“opposite” gender co-lead], thus restoring their [femininity or masculinity]” invites biological determinism by making the plot’s stakes dependent on the successful concealment of the main character’s “true” (here, meaning “assigned-at-birth”) gender. The idea of a “true” biological gender is itself a transphobic trope that does harm to the gender-nonconforming communities that genderbending manga purports to represent.
Read it at Anime Feminist!
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Some sad news to share - Shoujo mangaka Hisaya Nakajo, best known for her long-running series Hana-Kimi (For You In Full Blossom) has passed away at the age of 50 due to a heart condition. Hana-Kimi ran from 1996 to 2004 in Japanese shoujo magazine Hana to Yume, and was officially released in English in the US by Viz Media. The series revolved around a girl named Mizuki, who becomes so infatuated with high-jump competitor Izumi that she disguises herself as a boy to attend his all-boy high school to meet him. The series was popular enough to get multiple live-action dramas, including in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. While Hana-Kimi was her only big hit, it was popular not just in Japan, but overseas as well. RIP to a beloved shoujo manga creator.
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Namonaki Watashi
名も無き = lit. "without a name," pre-noun adjective that can mean "anonymous," "ordinary," or—as I believe befits this song—"insignificant". Notably, 無き is an older form of ない, but while the latter functions as a complete clause, the former requires a noun follow it.
Verse 1
一雫雨を 一雫ください
hitoshizuku ame wo hitoshizuku kudasai
一雫愛を 一雫ください
hitoshizuku ai wo hitoshizuku kudasai
One drop of rain, please give me one drop
One drop of love, please give me one drop
The dictionary puts 一滴 (いってき, alternatively ひとしずく) as more common than 一雫 (ひとしずく). However, the latter seems to be more literary, used for sake labels, restaurants, and a 2002 hit song by the female J-pop group, Zone.
Additionally, 雫 is distinctly a kokuji, or "country character," one of Japan's creations without a Chinese equivalent. It's purely hieroglyphic as such, literally depicting that which falls from a cloud.
Prechorus 1
名も 無い わたしは あなたと 出会いました
namonai watashi wa anata to deaimashita
名も 無い わたしにも 蝶や 風や 夢が‥
namonai watashi ni mo chou ya kaze ya yume ga...
I, who am insignificant, met you (for the first time)
Even I, who am also insignificant, (the) butterflies, (the) wind, (the) dream...
Sakurai uses the older form of Namonaki in the title only, but uses the more modern form in the lyrics themselves. In the Japanese, the difference is extremely subtle, with only one phoneme changing from -ki to -i. The grammatical implication in English is far more clumsy, but worth exploring to see the difference: The title reads "Insignificant Me" while the lyrics read "I, who am insignificant,..."
The line ends with ellipses, leaving the thought unfinished, and the use of ya for "and" implying the list is only a part of all that is in the scene give the verse an impressionistic feel.
Chorus
狂い咲く 花たちよ 今は 咲き乱れよ
kuruizaku hana-tachi yo ima wa sak'mi dare yo
狂い咲く 命共 乱れ 乱れ 乱れ
kuruizaku inochi domo midare, midare, midare
Fellow flowers blooming out of season, bloom profusely now!
Fellow flowers blooming out of season, together live wild, wild, wild!
I adore the use of kuruizaku here. Of course, kuruu is a familiar verb in Buck-Tick's lyrics, whether it refers to going mad with love or at the state of the world or simply "going crazy." Here it's used in a set phrase referring to off-season blooming. And as with kemono-tachi (from "Beasts of Night"), the narrator includes himself among those he is speaking to: outcasts and others who "don't fit in."
Sakimidare, another set phrase, lends itself to the imagery of endless fields of blooming flowers so thick that you can't see the green leaves beneath them, or even the peak day of cherry blossom season when the world is awash in pink.
I've used an apostrophe unconventionally here to refer to Sakurai's pronunciation. The word has five full mora (sa-ki-mi-da-re), but Sakurai sings it in four (sa-k'mi-da-re). I actually could not make it out in the album version of the song; only upon listening to the "Taiyo to Ikarosu" B-side at high volume could I hear the separate consonants distinctly fitted into one note.
As a lone verb midareru means "falling into disarray," but as a repeated call lends itself better to "lapsing into chaos," and I was tempted to choose "riot" as a command due to the character's more direct translation. However, following the previous line with the set phrase sakimidare, there is an implication that it attaches itself to inochi domo the same way, meaning a closer translation might be, "together, live exuberantly." Think Carpe diem ("Seize the day") with the raving enthusiasm of Scrooge on Christmas morning.
Verse 2
ありがとう 愛を 陽だまりの 日々を
arigatou ai wo hidamari no hibi wo
一輪の 花を 髪飾り 君に
ichirin no hana wo kamikazari kimi ni
Thank you, for the love, for day after day in the sun
For the single flower adoring your hair
Prechorus 2
名も 無い わたしに あなた と お別れ 来た
namonai watashi ni anata to o-wakare kita
名も 無い わたしにも 赤や 黄の 夢が‥
namonai watashi ni mo aka ya ki no yume ga...
You and I, who am insignificant, bid farewell
Even I, who am insignificant, (the) red and yellow dream...
Although the lyrics imply simply that the flower speaking (perhaps the very one in the listener's hair from the previous line) was discarded, it's hard to listen to this line as one of the last lyrics in the last song presented to us on Sakurai's last recorded album.
As before, ya implies there are more colors, though red and yellow are noteworthy for the line. I don't know whether it was intentional, but it calls back the first line of "Gessekai": Aka ki iro himawari, "red, yellow sunflowers".
Instrumental Bridge
Chorus
Chorus
Sakurai often wrote lyrics from the point of view of a particular character in his mind, performing a role on stage. However, I am tempted to read this one assuming less use of the figurative mask. It seems very in his character to express such humility, to refer to his fans (and/or his family, as I have also suspected of other songs of his) as the source of his sunshine and objects of his gratitude, and to plead us all to live our lives to our fullest.
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