#here is your reminder to read Surat Al Kahf

[b-lessings]

[uma1ra]

The 12 Important Sunnahs of Jummah (with a Free Friday Special Checklist)

We all know how special Jumuah (Friday) is in our Deen but we need reminders from time to time to recall the magnanimity of this golden day.

Friday is no average day for Muslims- no sir. It has the honor of being called ‘best day of the week’ by the best person to ever exist- Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W).

There’s a whole bunch of stuff to do on Fridays that’s recommended in the Sunnah. But before you skim through the Sunnah of Jumuah, ever wondered why so much protocol is given to this day? Here’s why:

Abu Hurairah (R.A.) reported that the Prophet (S.A.W) said “The best day on which the sun has risen is Friday; on it Adam was created; on it he was made to enter Paradise; on it he was expelled from it; and the [last] hour (the Day of Resurrection) will take place on no day other than Friday.” (Muslim)

Although there’s no such time for Ibadah that can be called ‘unimportant’, there are certain days, hours and months in the entire year that are ‘superior’ to the rest. Friday happens to on the V.I.T (very important time) list. *add that to your dictionary*

There’s even an entire Surah (Chapter) in the Quran that’s given the name ‘Jumuah’.

Furthermore, our Deen was completed and perfected by our Prophet (S.AW.) on no other day than Friday.

“This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you, and have chosen Islam as your religion.” (Quran 5:3)

But Friday is not just a ‘Special day’ to be celebrated. It has been assigned a very specific and vital role by Allah (S.W.T), in the strengthening of Islam.

It is the one day of the week when the Muslim Ummah leaves everything Dunya-related, honors a very short window of time and comes together to bond spiritually. Friday Khutbah, the congregational prayers, the time spent in masjid together— all these point toward one larger purpose- the purpose of bringing Muslim Ummah together every week.

If all the men in the Muslim Ummah met with each other every week in the spiritual environment of Masjids to strengthen each other spiritually and work for our Deen, Islam would be the Super-power of the world today.

But the sad reality is most of us don’t give the protocol to Friday that it truly deserves. So this article is dedicated to Fridays in the hopes that a checklist will be all we need to get back on Friday-track. (One can wish)

Below is a list of all the important Sunnahs for Jummah. It can be hard to remember everything until they’ve become a part of our weekly Friday routine.

1. TAKE A BATH (GHUSL)

Abu Sa’id Al-Khudr reports: I testify that Allah’s Messenger (S.A.W) said, ‘The taking of a bath on Friday is compulsory for every Muslim who has attained the age of puberty and also cleaning of teeth with Siwak and using perfume, if available’. [Sahih Bukhari]

2. USE SIWAK TO CLEAN YOUR TEETH

3. WEAR CLEAN, PRESENTABLE AND PREFERABLY NEW CLOTHES BEFORE THE FRIDAY PRAYER

“Put on your adornment on every occasion of prayer” (Surat al-A’raf (7): 31)

4. APPLY PERFUME/ OUD (MAKE SURE IT’S NON-ALCOHOLIC)

5. CUT YOUR NAILS

Abu Hurayrah (R.A.) reported that ‘Five are the demonstrations of fitra (nature/ instinct): 1) circumcision, 2) evacuating the hair underneath the navel, 3) trimming the mustache, 4) trimming the nails, and 5) culling the hair under the arms.’

6. READ SURAH AL-KAHF

We can read:

The first 10 Ayahs of Surah Al-Kahf

The last 10 Ayahs of Surah Al-Kahf

Both A and B

Ideally, the complete Surah Al-Kahf.

The Prophet (S.A.W) said: “Whoever reads Surah Al-Kahf on Friday, he will be illuminated with light between the two Fridays.” (Narrated by al-Haakim; Grade Saheeh by al-Albaani)

7. SEND DUROOD AND BLESSINGS UPON THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD (S.A.W) ABUNDANTLY

It was narrated from Aws ibn Aws that the Prophet (S.A.W) said: “The best of your days is Friday. On that day Adam (A.S.) was created; on that day he died; on that day the Trumpet will be blown, and on that day all of the creation will swoon. So send a lot of blessings upon me, for your blessings will be shown to me.” They said, “O Messenger of Allah, how will our blessings upon you be shown to you when you have turned to dust?” He said, “Allah has forbidden the earth to consume the bodies of the Prophets, peace be upon them.”

[Narrated by Abu Dawood, 1047; classed as Saheeh by Ibn al-Qayyim]

8. MAKE LOTS OF DUAS BETWEEN ASR AND MAGHREB

“There is a special hour on Friday, during which all prayers are accepted and answered by Allah, all Glory and Praise be to Him. This is part of the blessings that Allah has blessed this day with, over all the other days of the week. “On this day there is a time when no Muslim stands and prays, asking Allah for something, but Allah will grant him it” – and he gestured with his hands to indicate how short that time is. [Bukhari and Muslim]

Ibn Al-Qayyim (Rahim Ullah) said that this golden hour is to be found in the time after the Asr prayer until the Maghreb Adhaan (end of day): “Friday has twelve hours (or part of it). There is one hour during which if a Muslim asks Allah anything, Allah will give it to him, so find it during the last hour after Asr.” [Abu Dawud & An-Nasai]

[dailytafsirofquran]

Daily Tafsir of Ibn Kathir

The Story of Adam and Iblis

Allah mentions this story in Surat Al-Baqarah, at the beginning of Surat Al-A`raf, in Surat Al-Hijr, Al-Isra', Al-Kahf and here. Before creating Adam, peace be upon him, Allah told the angels that He was going to create a human being from sounding clay of altered smooth black mud. He told them that when He finished creating and forming him, they were to prostrate to him as a sign of honor and respect, and out of obedience to the command of Allah, may He be exalted. All of the angels obeyed this command except for Iblis, who was not one of them. He was one of the Jinn, and his nature betrayed him at his time of greatest need. He refused to prostrate to Adam, and he disputed with his Lord about him, claiming that he was better than Adam, because he was created from fire while Adam was created from clay, and fire was better than clay, or so he said. He made a mistake by doing this, and he went against the command of Allah, thus committing the sin of disbelief. So Allah exiled him, humiliated him, and cast him out of His mercy and His sacred Presence, and called him "Iblis'' symbolizing that he had Ablasa min Ar-Rahmah (despaired of mercy) -- that there was no hope for him of mercy. He cast him down from the heavens, disgraced and rejected, to the earth. Iblis asked Allah to give him a reprieve until the Day of Resurrection, so the Forbearing One, Who does not hasten to punish those who disobey Him, gave him a reprieve. When he knew that he was safe from destruction until the Day of Resurrection, he rebelled and transgressed.

(﴿Iblis﴾ said: "By Your might, then I will surely mislead them all, except Your true servants amongst them.'') This is like the Ayat:

(﴿Iblis﴾ said: "See this one whom You have honored above me, if You give me respite until the Day of Resurrection, I will surely seize and mislead his offspring all but a few!'') (17:62). These few are the ones who are excepted in another Ayah, which is:

(Verily, My servants -- you have no authority over them. And All-Sufficient is your Lord as a Guardian.) (17:65)

((Allah) said: "The truth is -- and the truth I say that I will fill Hell with you and those of them (mankind) that follow you, together.'') Some of them, including Mujahid, read this as meaning, "I am the Truth and the truth I say.'' According to another report narrated from Mujahid, it means, "The truth is from Me and I speak the truth.'' Others, such as As-Suddi, interpreted it as being an oath sworn by Allah. This Ayah is like the Ayat:

(but the Word from Me took effect, that I will fill Hell with Jinn and mankind together.) (32:13), and

((Allah) said: "Go, and whosoever of them follows you, surely, Hell will be the recompense of you (all) - an ample recompense.) (17:63).

(86. Say: "No wage do I ask of you for this, nor am I one of the Mutakallifin.'') (87. "It is only a Reminder for all the creatures.'') (88. "And you shall certainly know the truth of it after a while.'') Allah says: `Say, O Muhammad, to these idolators: I do not ask you to give me any reward from the goods of this world in return for the Message which I convey to you and the sincere advice I offer.'

(nor am I one of the Mutakallifin.) means, `and I do not add anything to that which Allah has told me. Whatever I am commanded to do, I do it, and I do not add anything or take anything away. By doing this I am seeking the Face of Allah and the Hereafter.' Sufyan Ath-Thawri, narrated from Al-A`mash and Mansur from Abu Ad-Duha that Masruq said, "We went to `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with him. He said, `O people! Whoever knows a thing should say it, and whoever does not know should say, `Allah knows best.''' It is part of knowledge, when one does not know, to say "Allah knows best.'' For Allah said to your Prophet :

(Say: "No wage do I ask of you for this, nor am I one of the Mutakallifin.'') This was reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.

(It is only a Reminder for all the creatures.) means, the Qur'an is a reminder for all those who are held accountable, men and Jinn. This was the view of Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him. This Ayah is like the Ayat:

(that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach) (6:19), and

(but those of the sects that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place) (11:17).

(And you shall certainly know the truth of it) means, `you will see confirmation that what he says is true.'

(after a while.) means, soon. Qatadah said, "After death. `Ikrimah said, "It means, on the Day of Resurrection.'' There is no contradiction between the two views, because whoever dies comes under the rulings of the Day of Resurrection. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Sad. All praise and gratitude is due to Allah, and Allah may He be glorified and exalted, knows best.

[joyfulfartwombat]

http://www.recitequran.com/fr/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/21:1

LIRE

Tafsir

21

Al-Anbiya’

Les prophètes

Ibn Kathir – Anglais

Chapitre

SUIVEZ-NOUS

Verset

1

Page 322

The Virtues of Surat Al-Anbiya’

Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdur-Rahman bin Yazid said that `Abdullah said, “Banu Isra’il, Al-Kahf, Maryam, Ta Ha and Al-Anbiya’ – they are among the earliest and most beautiful Surahs and they are my treasure.”

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ ٱقۡتَرَبَ لِلنَّاسِ حِسَابُهُمۡ وَهُمۡ فِى غَفۡلَةٍ۬ مُّعۡرِضُونَ • مَا يَأۡتِيهِم مِّن ذِڪۡرٍ۬ مِّن رَّبِّهِم مُّحۡدَثٍ إِلَّا ٱسۡتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمۡ يَلۡعَبُونَ • لَاهِيَةً۬ قُلُوبُهُمۡ‌ۗ وَأَسَرُّواْ ٱلنَّجۡوَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ هَلۡ هَـٰذَآ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ۬ مِّثۡلُڪُمۡ‌ۖ أَفَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلسِّحۡرَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُبۡصِرُونَ • قَالَ رَبِّى يَعۡلَمُ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ • بَلۡ قَالُوٓاْ أَضۡغَـٰثُ أَحۡلَـٰمِۭ بَلِ ٱفۡتَرَٮٰهُ بَلۡ هُوَ شَاعِرٌ۬ فَلۡيَأۡتِنَا بِـَٔايَةٍ۬ ڪَمَآ أُرۡسِلَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ • مَآ ءَامَنَتۡ قَبۡلَهُم مِّن قَرۡيَةٍ أَهۡلَكۡنَـٰهَآ‌ۖ أَفَهُمۡ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ﴾

(1. Draws near for mankind their reckoning, while they turn away in heedlessness.) (2. Comes not unto them an admonition from their Lord as a recent revelation but they listen to it while they play.) (3. With their hearts occupied. Those who do wrong, conceal their private counsels, (saying): “Is this more than a human being like you Will you submit to magic while you see it”) (4. He said: “My Lord knows what is said in the heavens and on earth. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.”) (5. Nay, they say: “These are mixed up false dreams! Nay, he has invented it! — Nay, he is a poet! Let him then bring us an Ayah like the ones that were sent before!”) (6. Not one of the towns of those which We destroyed, believed before them; will they then believe.)

The Hour is at hand but People are heedless

This is a warning from Allah of the approach of the Hour, and that people are heedless of it, i.e., they are not working for it or preparing for it. An-Nasa’i recorded that Abu Sa`id reported from the Prophet:

﴿ فِى غَفۡلَةٍ۬ مُّعۡرِضُونَ ﴾

(while they turn away in heedlessness), he said,

« فِي الدُّنْيَا »

(in this world.) Allah says:

﴿ أَتَىٰٓ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا تَسۡتَعۡجِلُوهُ‌ۚ ﴾

(The Event ordained by Allah will come to pass, so seek not to hasten it)

﴿ ٱقۡتَرَبَتِ ٱلسَّاعَةُ وَٱنشَقَّ ٱلۡقَمَرُ • وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ ءَايَةً۬ يُعۡرِضُواْ ﴾

(The Hour has drawn near, and the moon has been cleft asunder. And if they see a sign, they turn away.) (54:1,2). Then Allah states that they do not listen to the revelation (Wahy) that He sends down to His Messenger , which is addressed to the Quraysh and all disbelievers like them.

﴿ مَا يَأۡتِيهِم مِّن ذِڪۡرٍ۬ مِّن رَّبِّهِم مُّحۡدَثٍ ﴾

(Comes not unto them an admonition from their Lord as a recent revelation) meaning, newly-revealed,

﴿ إِلَّا ٱسۡتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمۡ يَلۡعَبُونَ ﴾

(But they listen to it while they play.) This is like what Ibn `Abbas said, “Why do you ask the People of the Book about what they have, which has been altered and distorted, and they have added things and taken things away, when your Book is the most recently revealed from Allah, and you read it pure and unadulterated” Al-Bukhari recorded something similar to this.

﴿ وَأَسَرُّواْ ٱلنَّجۡوَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ ﴾

(Those who do wrong, conceal their private counsels) meaning, what they say to one another in secret.

﴿ هَلۡ هَـٰذَآ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ۬ مِّثۡلُڪُمۡ‌ۖ ﴾

(Is this more than a human being like you) meaning, the Messenger of Allah. They did not believe that he could be a Prophet because he was a human being like them, so how could he have been singled out to receive revelation, and not them They said:

﴿ أَفَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلسِّحۡرَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُبۡصِرُونَ ﴾

(Will you submit to magic while you see it) meaning, will you follow him and be like one who submits to magic when he knows that it is magic Allah said in response to their fabrications and lies:

﴿ قَالَ رَبِّى يَعۡلَمُ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۖ ﴾

(He said: “My Lord knows what is said in the heavens and on earth…”) Nothing at all is hidden from the One Who knows that, and He is the One Who reveals this Qur’an which contains news of the earliest and last generations. No one can produce the like of this except the One Who knows all the secrets of the heavens and the earth.

﴿ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ﴾

(And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.) means, He hears all that they say and He knows all their circumstances. This is a warning and a threat to them.

The Disbelievers’ Ideas about the Qur’an and the Messenger; their demand for a Sign and the Refutation of that

﴿ بَلۡ قَالُوٓاْ أَضۡغَـٰثُ أَحۡلَـٰمِۭ بَلِ ٱفۡتَرَٮٰهُ ﴾

(Nay, they say: “These are mixed up false dreams! Nay, he has invented it!…”) Here Allah tells us of the stubbornness and heresy of the disbelievers, and the various things they said about the Qur’an, and how they were confused and misguided about it. Sometimes they described it as magic, and sometimes they described it as poetry, or mixed up false dreams, or a fabrication. As Allah says:

﴿ ٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ ضَرَبُواْ لَكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَالَ فَضَلُّواْ فَلَا يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلاً۬ ﴾

(See what examples they have put forward for you. So they have gone astray, and never can they find a way) (17:48)

﴿ فَلۡيَأۡتِنَا بِـَٔايَةٍ۬ ڪَمَآ أُرۡسِلَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ ﴾

(Let him then bring us an Ayah like the ones that were sent before!) They were referring to the she-camel of Salih, and the signs of Musa and `Isa. And Allah says,

﴿ وَمَا مَنَعَنَآ أَن نُّرۡسِلَ بِٱلۡأَيَـٰتِ إِلَّآ أَن ڪَذَّبَ بِہَا ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ‌ۚ ﴾

(And nothing stops Us from sending the Ayat but that the people of old denied them.) (17:59). So Allah said here:

﴿ مَآ ءَامَنَتۡ قَبۡلَهُم مِّن قَرۡيَةٍ أَهۡلَكۡنَـٰهَآ‌ۖ أَفَهُمۡ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ﴾

(Not one of the towns of those which We destroyed, believed before them; will they then believe) None of the peoples to whom Messengers were sent were given a sign at the hands of their Prophet and believed. On the contrary, they disbelieved and We destroyed them as a result. Would these people believe in a sign if they saw it Not at all! In fact,

﴿ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ حَقَّتۡ عَلَيۡہِمۡ ڪَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ • وَلَوۡ جَآءَتۡہُمۡ ڪُلُّ ءَايَةٍ حَتَّىٰ يَرَوُاْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ ٱلۡأَلِيمَ ﴾

(Truly, those, against whom the Word of your Lord has been justified, will not believe. Even if every sign should come to them, until they see the painful torment.) (10:96-97). Indeed, they witnes- sed clear signs and definitive proof at the hands of the Messen- ger of Allah , signs which were far clearer and more overwhel- ming than any that had been witnessed in the case of any other Prophet, may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon them all.

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا قَبۡلَكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِمۡ‌ۖ فَسۡـَٔلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلذِّڪۡرِ إِن كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ • وَمَا جَعَلۡنَـٰهُمۡ جَسَدً۬ا لَّا يَأۡڪُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَمَا كَانُواْ خَـٰلِدِينَ • ثُمَّ صَدَقۡنَـٰهُمُ ٱلۡوَعۡدَ فَأَنجَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ وَمَن نَّشَآءُ وَأَهۡلَڪۡنَا ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ﴾

(7. And We sent not before you but men to whom We revealed. So ask the people of the Reminder if you do not know.) (8. And We did not place them in bodies that did not eat food, nor were they immortals.) (9. Then We fulfilled to them the promise. So We saved them and those whom We willed, but We destroyed Al-Musrifin.)

The Messengers are no more than Human Beings

Here Allah refutes those who denied that human Messengers could be sent:

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا قَبۡلَكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِمۡ‌ۖ ﴾

(And We sent not before you but men to whom We revealed.) meaning, all the Messengers who came before you were men, human beings. There were no angels among them. This is like the Ayat:

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِم مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ‌ۗ ﴾

(And We sent not before you any but men unto whom We revealed, from among the people of townships) (12:109)

﴿ قُلۡ مَا كُنتُ بِدۡعً۬ا مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ ﴾

(Say: “I am not a new thing among the Messengers…) (46:9) Allah tells us that the previous nations denied that and said:

﴿ أَبَشَرٌ۬ يَہۡدُونَنَا ﴾

(“Shall mere men guide us”) (64:6). So Allah says here:

﴿ فَسۡـَٔلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلذِّكۡرِ إِن كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ﴾

(So ask the people of the Reminder if you do not know.) meaning, ask the people of knowledge among the nations such as the Jews and Christians and other groups: `were the Messengers who came to you human beings or angels’ Indeed they were human beings. This is a part of the perfect blessing of Allah towards His creation: He sent to them Messengers from among themselves so that they could receive the Message from them and learn from them.

﴿ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَـٰهُمۡ جَسَدً۬ا لَّا يَأۡڪُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ ﴾

(And We did not place them in bodies that did not eat food…) meaning, rather they had bodies that ate food, as Allah says:

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا قَبۡلَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ إِلَّآ إِنَّهُمۡ لَيَأۡكُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَيَمۡشُونَ فِى ٱلۡأَسۡوَاقِ‌ۗ ﴾

(And We never sent before you any of the Messengers but verily, they ate food and walked in the markets) (25:20) meaning, they were human beings who ate and drank like all other people, and they went to the marketplaces to earn a living and engage in business; that did not affect them adversely or reduce their status in any way, as the idolators imagined.

﴿ مَالِ هَـٰذَا ٱلرَّسُولِ يَأۡڪُلُ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَيَمۡشِى فِى ٱلۡأَسۡوَاقِ‌ۙ لَوۡلَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِ مَلَكٌ۬ فَيَكُونَ مَعَهُ ۥ نَذِيرًا • أَوۡ يُلۡقَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِ ڪَنزٌ أَوۡ تَكُونُ لَهُ ۥ جَنَّةٌ۬ يَأۡڪُلُ مِنۡهَا‌ۚ ﴾

(And they say: “Why does this Messenger eat food, and walk about in the markets. Why is not an angel sent down to him to be a warner with him Or (why) has not a treasure been granted to him, or why has he not a garden whereof he may eat”) (25:7-8)

﴿ وَمَا كَانُواْ خَـٰلِدِينَ ﴾

(nor were they immortals) meaning, in this world; on the contrary, they lived, then they died.

﴿ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَا لِبَشَرٍ۬ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ ٱلۡخُلۡدَ‌ۖ ﴾

(And We granted not to any human being immortality before you) (21:34) But what distinguished them from others was that they received revelation from Allah, and the angels brought down to them from Allah His rulings concerning His creation, what He commanded and what He prohibited.

﴿ ثُمَّ صَدَقۡنَـٰهُمُ ٱلۡوَعۡدَ ﴾

Then We fulfilled to them the promise. the promise that their Lord made to destroy the evildoers. Allah fulfilled His promise and did that. He says:

﴿ فَأَنجَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ وَمَن نَّشَآءُ ﴾

(So We saved them and those whom We willed,) meaning, their followers among the believers,

﴿ وَأَهۡلَڪۡنَا ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ﴾

(but We destroyed Al-Musrifin.) meaning, those who disbelieved the Message brought by the Messengers.

﴿ لَقَدۡ أَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكُمۡ ڪِتَـٰبً۬ا فِيهِ ذِكۡرُكُمۡ‌ۖ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ • وَكَمۡ قَصَمۡنَا مِن قَرۡيَةٍ۬ كَانَتۡ ظَالِمَةً۬ وَأَنشَأۡنَا بَعۡدَهَا قَوۡمًا ءَاخَرِينَ • فَلَمَّآ أَحَسُّواْ بَأۡسَنَآ إِذَا هُم مِّنۡہَا يَرۡكُضُونَ • لَا تَرۡكُضُواْ وَٱرۡجِعُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ مَآ أُتۡرِفۡتُمۡ فِيهِ وَمَسَـٰكِنِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُسۡـَٔلُونَ • قَالُواْ يَـٰوَيۡلَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَـٰلِمِينَ • فَمَا زَالَت تِّلۡكَ دَعۡوَٮٰهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ جَعَلۡنَـٰهُمۡ حَصِيدًا خَـٰمِدِينَ ﴾

(10. Indeed, We have sent down for you a Book in which there is Dhikrukum. Will you not then understand) (11. How many a town given to wrongdoing, have We destroyed, and raised up after them another people!) (12. Then, when they sensed Our torment, behold, they (tried to) flee from it.) (13. Flee not, but return to that wherein you lived a luxurious life, and to your homes, in order that you may be questioned.) (14. They cried: “Woe to us! Certainly we have been wrongdoers.”) (15. And that cry of theirs ceased not, till We made them as a field that is reaped, extinct.)

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TAFSIR

21

AL-ANBIYA’

THE PROPHETS

Ibn Kathir – English

CHAPTER

FOLLOW US

Verse

1

Page 322

THE VIRTUES OF SURAT AL-ANBIYA’

Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdur-Rahman bin Yazid said that `Abdullah said, “Banu Isra’il, Al-Kahf, Maryam, Ta Ha and Al-Anbiya’ – they are among the earliest and most beautiful Surahs and they are my treasure.”

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيم�� ﴾

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ ٱقۡتَرَبَ لِلنَّاسِ حِسَابُهُمۡ وَهُمۡ فِى غَفۡلَةٍ۬ مُّعۡرِضُونَ • مَا يَأۡتِيهِم مِّن ذِڪۡرٍ۬ مِّن رَّبِّهِم مُّحۡدَثٍ إِلَّا ٱسۡتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمۡ يَلۡعَبُونَ • لَاهِيَةً۬ قُلُوبُهُمۡ‌ۗ وَأَسَرُّواْ ٱلنَّجۡوَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ هَلۡ هَـٰذَآ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ۬ مِّثۡلُڪُمۡ‌ۖ أَفَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلسِّحۡرَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُبۡصِرُونَ • قَالَ رَبِّى يَعۡلَمُ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ • بَلۡ قَالُوٓاْ أَضۡغَـٰثُ أَحۡلَـٰمِۭ بَلِ ٱفۡتَرَٮٰهُ بَلۡ هُوَ شَاعِرٌ۬ فَلۡيَأۡتِنَا بِـَٔايَةٍ۬ ڪَمَآ أُرۡسِلَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ • مَآ ءَامَنَتۡ قَبۡلَهُم مِّن قَرۡيَةٍ أَهۡلَكۡنَـٰهَآ‌ۖ أَفَهُمۡ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ﴾

(1. Draws near for mankind their reckoning, while they turn away in heedlessness.) (2. Comes not unto them an admonition from their Lord as a recent revelation but they listen to it while they play.) (3. With their hearts occupied. Those who do wrong, conceal their private counsels, (saying): “Is this more than a human being like you Will you submit to magic while you see it”) (4. He said: “My Lord knows what is said in the heavens and on earth. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.”) (5. Nay, they say: “These are mixed up false dreams! Nay, he has invented it! — Nay, he is a poet! Let him then bring us an Ayah like the ones that were sent before!”) (6. Not one of the towns of those which We destroyed, believed before them; will they then believe.)

THE HOUR IS AT HAND BUT PEOPLE ARE HEEDLESS

This is a warning from Allah of the approach of the Hour, and that people are heedless of it, i.e., they are not working for it or preparing for it. An-Nasa’i recorded that Abu Sa`id reported from the Prophet:

﴿ فِى غَفۡلَةٍ۬ مُّعۡرِضُونَ ﴾

(while they turn away in heedlessness), he said,

« فِي الدُّنْيَا »

(in this world.) Allah says:

﴿ أَتَىٰٓ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا تَسۡتَعۡجِلُوهُ‌ۚ ﴾

(The Event ordained by Allah will come to pass, so seek not to hasten it)

﴿ ٱقۡتَرَبَتِ ٱلسَّاعَةُ وَٱنشَقَّ ٱلۡقَمَرُ • وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ ءَايَةً۬ يُعۡرِضُواْ ﴾

(The Hour has drawn near, and the moon has been cleft asunder. And if they see a sign, they turn away.) (54:1,2). Then Allah states that they do not listen to the revelation (Wahy) that He sends down to His Messenger , which is addressed to the Quraysh and all disbelievers like them.

﴿ مَا يَأۡتِيهِم مِّن ذِڪۡرٍ۬ مِّن رَّبِّهِم مُّحۡدَثٍ ﴾

(Comes not unto them an admonition from their Lord as a recent revelation) meaning, newly-revealed,

﴿ إِلَّا ٱسۡتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمۡ يَلۡعَبُونَ ﴾

(But they listen to it while they play.) This is like what Ibn `Abbas said, “Why do you ask the People of the Book about what they have, which has been altered and distorted, and they have added things and taken things away, when your Book is the most recently revealed from Allah, and you read it pure and unadulterated” Al-Bukhari recorded something similar to this.

﴿ وَأَسَرُّواْ ٱلنَّجۡوَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ ﴾

(Those who do wrong, conceal their private counsels) meaning, what they say to one another in secret.

﴿ هَلۡ هَـٰذَآ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ۬ مِّثۡلُڪُمۡ‌ۖ ﴾

(Is this more than a human being like you) meaning, the Messenger of Allah. They did not believe that he could be a Prophet because he was a human being like them, so how could he have been singled out to receive revelation, and not them They said:

﴿ أَفَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلسِّحۡرَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُبۡصِرُونَ ﴾

(Will you submit to magic while you see it) meaning, will you follow him and be like one who submits to magic when he knows that it is magic Allah said in response to their fabrications and lies:

﴿ قَالَ رَبِّى يَعۡلَمُ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۖ ﴾

(He said: “My Lord knows what is said in the heavens and on earth…”) Nothing at all is hidden from the One Who knows that, and He is the One Who reveals this Qur’an which contains news of the earliest and last generations. No one can produce the like of this except the One Who knows all the secrets of the heavens and the earth.

﴿ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ﴾

(And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.) means, He hears all that they say and He knows all their circumstances. This is a warning and a threat to them.

THE DISBELIEVERS’ IDEAS ABOUT THE QUR’AN AND THE MESSENGER; THEIR DEMAND FOR A SIGN AND THE REFUTATION OF THAT

﴿ بَلۡ قَالُوٓاْ أَضۡغَـٰثُ أَحۡلَـٰمِۭ بَلِ ٱفۡتَرَٮٰهُ ﴾

(Nay, they say: “These are mixed up false dreams! Nay, he has invented it!…”) Here Allah tells us of the stubbornness and heresy of the disbelievers, and the various things they said about the Qur’an, and how they were confused and misguided about it. Sometimes they described it as magic, and sometimes they described it as poetry, or mixed up false dreams, or a fabrication. As Allah says:

﴿ ٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ ضَرَبُواْ لَكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَالَ فَضَلُّواْ فَلَا يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلاً۬ ﴾

(See what examples they have put forward for you. So they have gone astray, and never can they find a way) (17:48)

﴿ فَلۡيَأۡتِنَا بِـَٔايَةٍ۬ ڪَمَآ أُرۡسِلَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ ﴾

(Let him then bring us an Ayah like the ones that were sent before!) They were referring to the she-camel of Salih, and the signs of Musa and `Isa. And Allah says,

﴿ وَمَا مَنَعَنَآ أَن نُّرۡسِلَ بِٱلۡأَيَـٰتِ إِلَّآ أَن ڪَذَّبَ بِہَا ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ‌ۚ ﴾

(And nothing stops Us from sending the Ayat but that the people of old denied them.) (17:59). So Allah said here:

﴿ مَآ ءَامَنَتۡ قَبۡلَهُم مِّن قَرۡيَةٍ أَهۡلَكۡنَـٰهَآ‌ۖ أَفَهُمۡ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ﴾

(Not one of the towns of those which We destroyed, believed before them; will they then believe) None of the peoples to whom Messengers were sent were given a sign at the hands of their Prophet and believed. On the contrary, they disbelieved and We destroyed them as a result. Would these people believe in a sign if they saw it Not at all! In fact,

﴿ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ حَقَّتۡ عَلَيۡہِمۡ ڪَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ • وَلَوۡ جَآءَتۡہُمۡ ڪُلُّ ءَايَةٍ حَتَّىٰ يَرَوُاْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ ٱلۡأَلِيمَ ﴾

(Truly, those, against whom the Word of your Lord has been justified, will not believe. Even if every sign should come to them, until they see the painful torment.) (10:96-97). Indeed, they witnes- sed clear signs and definitive proof at the hands of the Messen- ger of Allah , signs which were far clearer and more overwhel- ming than any that had been witnessed in the case of any other Prophet, may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon them all.

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا قَبۡلَكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِمۡ‌ۖ فَسۡـَٔلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلذِّڪۡرِ إِن كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ • وَمَا جَعَلۡنَـٰهُمۡ جَسَدً۬ا لَّا يَأۡڪُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَمَا كَانُواْ خَـٰلِدِينَ • ثُمَّ صَدَقۡنَـٰهُمُ ٱلۡوَعۡدَ فَأَنجَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ وَمَن نَّشَآءُ وَأَهۡلَڪۡنَا ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ﴾

(7. And We sent not before you but men to whom We revealed. So ask the people of the Reminder if you do not know.) (8. And We did not place them in bodies that did not eat food, nor were they immortals.) (9. Then We fulfilled to them the promise. So We saved them and those whom We willed, but We destroyed Al-Musrifin.)

THE MESSENGERS ARE NO MORE THAN HUMAN BEINGS

Here Allah refutes those who denied that human Messengers could be sent:

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا قَبۡلَكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِمۡ‌ۖ ﴾

(And We sent not before you but men to whom We revealed.) meaning, all the Messengers who came before you were men, human beings. There were no angels among them. This is like the Ayat:

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِم مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ‌ۗ ﴾

(And We sent not before you any but men unto whom We revealed, from among the people of townships) (12:109)

﴿ قُلۡ مَا كُنتُ بِدۡعً۬ا مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ ﴾

(Say: “I am not a new thing among the Messengers…) (46:9) Allah tells us that the previous nations denied that and said:

﴿ أَبَشَرٌ۬ يَہۡدُونَنَا ﴾

(“Shall mere men guide us”) (64:6). So Allah says here:

﴿ فَسۡـَٔلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلذِّكۡرِ إِن كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ﴾

(So ask the people of the Reminder if you do not know.) meaning, ask the people of knowledge among the nations such as the Jews and Christians and other groups: `were the Messengers who came to you human beings or angels’ Indeed they were human beings. This is a part of the perfect blessing of Allah towards His creation: He sent to them Messengers from among themselves so that they could receive the Message from them and learn from them.

﴿ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَـٰهُمۡ جَسَدً۬ا لَّا يَأۡڪُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ ﴾

(And We did not place them in bodies that did not eat food…) meaning, rather they had bodies that ate food, as Allah says:

﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا قَبۡلَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ إِلَّآ إِنَّهُمۡ لَيَأۡكُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَيَمۡشُونَ فِى ٱلۡأَسۡوَاقِ‌ۗ ﴾

(And We never sent before you any of the Messengers but verily, they ate food and walked in the markets) (25:20) meaning, they were human beings who ate and drank like all other people, and they went to the marketplaces to earn a living and engage in business; that did not affect them adversely or reduce their status in any way, as the idolators imagined.

﴿ مَالِ هَـٰذَا ٱلرَّسُولِ يَأۡڪُلُ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَيَمۡشِى فِى ٱلۡأَسۡوَاقِ‌ۙ لَوۡلَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِ مَلَكٌ۬ فَيَكُونَ مَعَهُ ۥ نَذِيرًا • أَوۡ يُلۡقَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِ ڪَنزٌ أَوۡ تَكُونُ لَهُ ۥ جَنَّةٌ۬ يَأۡڪُلُ مِنۡهَا‌ۚ ﴾

(And they say: “Why does this Messenger eat food, and walk about in the markets. Why is not an angel sent down to him to be a warner with him Or (why) has not a treasure been granted to him, or why has he not a garden whereof he may eat”) (25:7-8)

﴿ وَمَا كَانُواْ خَـٰلِدِينَ ﴾

(nor were they immortals) meaning, in this world; on the contrary, they lived, then they died.

﴿ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَا لِبَشَرٍ۬ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ ٱلۡخُلۡدَ‌ۖ ﴾

(And We granted not to any human being immortality before you) (21:34) But what distinguished them from others was that they received revelation from Allah, and the angels brought down to them from Allah His rulings concerning His creation, what He commanded and what He prohibited.

﴿ ثُمَّ صَدَقۡنَـٰهُمُ ٱلۡوَعۡدَ ﴾

Then We fulfilled to them the promise. the promise that their Lord made to destroy the evildoers. Allah fulfilled His promise and did that. He says:

﴿ فَأَنجَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ وَمَن نَّشَآءُ ﴾

(So We saved them and those whom We willed,) meaning, their followers among the believers,

﴿ وَأَهۡلَڪۡنَا ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ﴾

(but We destroyed Al-Musrifin.) meaning, those who disbelieved the Message brought by the Messengers.

﴿ لَقَدۡ أَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكُمۡ ڪِتَـٰبً۬ا فِيهِ ذِكۡرُكُمۡ‌ۖ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ • وَكَمۡ قَصَمۡنَا مِن قَرۡيَةٍ۬ كَانَتۡ ظَالِمَةً۬ وَأَنشَأۡنَا بَعۡدَهَا قَوۡمًا ءَاخَرِينَ • فَلَمَّآ أَحَسُّواْ بَأۡسَنَآ إِذَا هُم مِّنۡہَا يَرۡكُضُونَ • لَا تَرۡكُضُواْ وَٱرۡجِعُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ مَآ أُتۡرِفۡتُمۡ فِيهِ وَمَسَـٰكِنِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُسۡـَٔلُونَ • قَالُواْ يَـٰوَيۡلَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَـٰلِمِينَ • فَمَا زَالَت تِّلۡكَ دَعۡوَٮٰهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ جَعَلۡنَـٰهُمۡ حَصِيدًا خَـٰمِدِينَ ﴾

(10. Indeed, We have sent down for you a Book in which there is Dhikrukum. Will you not then understand) (11. How many a town given to wrongdoing, have We destroyed, and raised up after them another people!) (12. Then, when they sensed Our torment, behold, they (tried to) flee from it.) (13. Flee not, but return to that wherein you lived a luxurious life, and to your homes, in order that you may be questioned.) (14. They cried: “Woe to us! Certainly we have been wrongdoers.”) (15. And that cry of theirs ceased not, till We made them as a field that is reaped, extinct.)

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