#kp.2

[a-typical]

Is an mRNA or a protein-based COVID-19 vaccine better?

The vaccine that is best is the one that’s available to you and the one that you’re willing to get!

I’ve heard chatter about some people believing that Novavax provides better protection against COVID-19, and there just aren’t data to support that.

Novavax trials and real-world evidence collection lagged substantially behind the mRNA vaccines, so trying to compare measured vaccine effectiveness is comparing apples to oranges. Approximately 3.2 billion doses of mRNA vaccines have been administered compared to 2.6 million doses of Novavax vaccine.

All you need to know is that all of the COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated over 90% effectiveness in their initial clinical trials. All options protect against severe disease, hospitalization, and death. All of the available options have been reviewed by experts and deemed to be safe, comparably effective, and beneficial.

Novavax may have slightly lower reactogenicity compared to mRNA vaccines. Reactogenicity refers to symptoms that occur from the immune response: low grade fever, headache, lethargy, injection site soreness, lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes), etc.

Will JN.1 vaccine formulation provide measurably different protection than the more closely matched KP.2 formulation that we will see in the mRNA vaccines? It is too hypothetical to know. That will be impacted by how much virus circulates within a community and how much more SARS-CoV-2 mutates as a result of genetic drift because of that spread.

What can reduce the potential mutation and spread of SARS-CoV-2? Getting vaccinated.

[pandemic-info]

(via Thread by @Daniel_E_Park on Thread Reader App – Thread Reader App)

Excellent broad cross neutralization to variants with the upcoming JN.1 Novavax COVID vaccine, including some of the best responses to variants that are likely to be dominant this late fall and early winter 

https://novavax.widen.net/s/zg79lxwknx/2024-q2-earnings-presentation

The latest CDC nowcast shows a rapid rise in KP3.1.1, which is the variant with best response to the NVX JN.1 vaccine. Others variants to keep an eye on include LB.1 (a direct JN.1 descendant) and LP.1 (KP1.1 descendant) https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions

This follows an expected decline in KP.2 over the last few weeks, which is one reason why VRBPAC recommended not chasing this branch (KP.2 variant) but to target the trunk (JN.1).

Ultimately as the antigenic distance is very close for all major circulating variants, all vaccine options should be very good, and provide good protection against infection and severe disease (even when compared with infection-acquired/natural immunity).

[chimerarachnid]

Why does the Novavax vaccine target a different variant of SARS-CoV-2?

Novavax uses a protein-based formulation for their vaccine. Their technology uses insect cells to produce large quantities of the spike protein after infection with an engineered insect virus.

The process involved: growing Sf9 cells, producing the engineered viruses, infecting the cells, allowing the infected cells to produce spike protein, harvesting, purifying, packaging the vaccine with the other components, takes more time than synthesizing mRNA molecules used in the other vaccines.

In order to change the active ingredient in the Novavax vaccine, manufacturing would have to start from scratch. In contrast, mRNA vaccines are faster to alter. The active ingredient is synthesized without cells or cell culture using RNA subunits (nucleotides), a DNA template, and enzymes. This relatively straightforward process means the only thing that needs to be altered is the DNA template - tweaked to reflect the slight change in the spike protein gene from JN.1 to KP.2.

[boysbeloving]

kenta unsheathing his knife is sexier than any nc scene it has to be said

[professorfcknmoriarty]

Brennan "Patron Saint of Somewhat Feral Submissive Guard Dog Characters" Lee Mulligan

[mediaforanya]

recent sketches !

[kinnbig]

nodt + tong via ig 😳🥺

[deconstructthesoup]

All right, I've decided, we're throwing in our wildcard Intrepid Hero:

*I'm just including Dimension 20 seasons here, so feel free to let me know about how hot his NADDPOD or Critical Role characters are

The rest of our Intrepid Heroes here: Zac | Siobhan | Lou | Emily | Murph | Ally

[a-typical]

Will these vaccines provide immediate protection?

Vaccines contain an active ingredient used to trigger generation of immune memory. That active ingredient, the antigen, is what initiates the immune response, starting with innate immune recognition and ending with adaptive immunity generation (read here for a more detailed summary on viral immunology).

Adaptive immune response leads to antibody by plasma cells, activation of helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells, and generation of memory B and T cells.

This process takes time, roughly 2 weeks after we encounter the foreign invader (either the vaccine antigen or an actual pathogen). Once memory B and T cells are created, the response to a second encounter is much quicker because all the preparation is already done. The adaptive immune system is ready to go: B cells can start spitting out antibodies, helper T cells can augment the B cell responses, and cytotoxic T cells can directly kill infected cells to limit the spread of infection.

Vaccines train the immune system in advance of an infection.

The ability to immediately respond means that even if virus infects you after vaccination, your body can fight it more quickly, reducing viral load, lessening disease severity, and decreasing the likelihood of more serious illness or death.

[pandemic-info]

Novavax 2024-Q2-Earnings-Presentation.pdf

Graphic: Novavax JN.1 vaccine induces broad cross neutralization to variants including KP.3 and KP.3.1.1

...

[I'd hope that the lack of authorization to date is for good reasons, e.g. ensuring validity of this data/confirmation/testing, safety, etc.]

[gay-meowmeow]

so...how yall think this PeteChris situation about to go👀 because i know he think Pete fine asf thats why he sleeps with him(as one should😌) but what made him agree if he knows he only asked him because he looks like Way??? DOES CHRIS ALSO KNOW PETE. DOES HE HAVE A SECRET CRUSH ON HIM!?!? REVEAL THE SECRETS PIT BABE THE SERIES PLZ I NEED THEM😫😫😫

[covid-safer-hotties]

Reference saved in our archive

Highlights • KP.3.1.1 and XEC are 1.3- to 1.6-fold more resistant to serum neutralization than KP.3 • KP.2 MV booster may elicit higher titers against KP.3.1.1 and XEC than JN.1 infection • Spike mutations F59S and S31Δ are functionally similar for receptor binding and mAb evasion

[le-trash-prince]

BOYS JOURNEY WATERPARK EPISODE????? 👀👀👀👀👀👀👀👀