#linear motor module

[moose-mousse]

It works!*

So I (FINALLY) put the final touches on the software for my robot PROTO! (Listen, I am a software person, not a coming-up-with-names person)

Basically, it is a ESP32 running him. He takes HTTP messages. Either GET odometry, or PUT twist. Both just being a string containing comma separated numbers

Odometry is the robots best guess based on internal sensors where it is (Since PROTO uses stepper motors, which rotates in tiny tiny steps... it is basically counting the steps each motor takes)

Twist is speed, both in x,y and z directions, and speed in angular directions (pitch, roll and yaw). This is used to tell the robot how to move

Now, since PROTO is a robot on two wheels, with a third free-running ball ahead of him, he cannot slide to the side, or go straight up in the air. You can TRY telling him to do that, but he will not understand what you mean. Same with angular movement. PROTO can turn left or right, but he have no clue what you mean if you tell him to bend forward, or roll over.

The software is layered (Which I use a BDD diagram to plan. I love diagrams!)

Basically PROTO gets a twist command and hands that over to the Differential_Movement_Model layer.

The Differential_Movement_Model layer translate that to linear momentum (how much to move forward and backwards) and angular momentum (how much to turn left or right). combines them, and orders each wheel to move so and so fast via the Stepper_Motors layer.

The Stepper_Motors turns the wanted speed, into how many steps each stepper motor will have to do per second, and makes sure that the wanted speed can be achieved by the motors. It also makes sure that the wheels turn the right way, no matter how they are mounted (In PROTO's case, if both wheels turn clockwise, the right wheel is going forward, and the left backwards.). It then sends this steps per second request down to the Peripheral_Hub layer.

The Peripheral_Hub layer is just a hub... as the name implies, it calls the needed driver functions to turn off/on pins, have timers count steps and run a PWM (Pulse-width modulation. It sends pulses of a particular size at a specific frequency) signal to the driver boards.

Layering it, also means it is a lot easer to test a layer. Basically, if I want to test, I change 1 variable in the build files and a mock layer is build underneath whatever layer I want to test.

So if I want to test the Stepper_Motors layer, I have a mock Peripheral_Hub layer, so if there are errors in the Peripheral_Hub layer, these do not show up when I am testing the stepper motor layer.

The HTTP server part is basically a standard ESP32 example server, where I have removed all the HTTP call handlers, and made my own 2 instead. Done done.

So since the software works... of course I am immediately having hardware problems. The stepper motors are not NEARLY as strong as they need to be... have to figure something out... maybe they are not getting the power they need... or I need smaller wheels... or I will have to buy a gearbox to make them slower but stronger... in which case I should proberbly also fix the freaking cannot-change-the-micro-stepping problem with the driver boards, since otherwise PROTO will go from a max speed of 0.3 meters per second, to most likely 0.06 meters per second which... is... a bit slow...

But software works! And PROTO can happily move his wheels and pretend he is driving somewhere when on his maintenance stand (Yes. it LOOKS like 2 empty cardboard boxes, but I am telling you it is a maintenance stand... since it sounds a lot better :p )

I have gone over everything really quickly in this post... if someone wants me to cover a part of PROTO, just comment which one, and I will most likely do it (I have lost all sense of which parts of this project is interesting to people who are not doing the project)

[stevebattle]

GERO the GE Robot (1986) by Walt Disney Imagineering and General Electric Research & Development Center. GERO would ride around Future World a large scooter. “ “GERO” (short for “GE RObot”), is the newest robot to join the Horizons cast… and he’s destined to become one of Epcot’s most beloved characters. “GERO is probably the most sophisticated entertainment robot in the world,” says Dave Fink of General Electric. Designs for GERO originated at Walt Disney Imagineering in California. Veteran animator Xavier “X” Atencio created the inspirational drawings, using classic Disney character styling and proportions. GERO emerged from the drawing board as a fun-loving, friendly teen-ager – complete with a sporty scooter with room for riders! “The next step was to add the detailing that would give the robot a machined, hi-tech look,” says Designer Gil Keppler. At the Walt Disney Studios, artisans sculpted the robot in plaster, then shipped it to Walt Disney World where its Lexan body was fabricated, assembled, and painted in metallic silver & gold. As for the vehicle color… well, it just had to be red. After all, GERO’s a sporty guy! While GERO’s outward appearance was shaping up in Florida, scientists and technicians at the General Electric Research & Development Center were busily assembling the robot’s inner workings. Included in the 900-pound mountain of electronics are linear stepping motors, field effect transistor brakes, pulse-width modulated drives, incremental optical shaft encoder, fiber optics, laser disc player, 160 watts of biamped audio power and nine batteries – all controlled by 19 microcomputers! Yet with all that hi-tech hardware, there was one thing GERO still didn’t have – an education. It was time to go to school. At the GE R&D Center, computer technicians spent weeks raising the robot’s IQ from zero to GERO. By graduation time, GERO had learned to shake hands, wave goodbye, drive his scooter, converse and sing songs! He was ready to meet his public.” – Disney’s Exotic, Robotic Cast: “GERO” steals the show at EPCOT center, by Tom Fitzgerald.

[spookysaladchaos]

Global top 13 companies accounted for 66% of Total Frozen Spring Roll market(qyresearch, 2021)

The table below details the Discrete Manufacturing ERP revenue and market share of major players, from 2016 to 2021. The data for 2021 is an estimate, based on the historical figures and the data we interviewed this year.

Major players in the market are identified through secondary research and their market revenues are determined through primary and secondary research. Secondary research includes the research of the annual financial reports of the top companies; while primary research includes extensive interviews of key opinion leaders and industry experts such as experienced front-line staffs, directors, CEOs and marketing executives. The percentage splits, market shares, growth rates and breakdowns of the product markets are determined through secondary sources and verified through the primary sources.

According to the new market research report “Global Discrete Manufacturing ERP Market Report 2023-2029”, published by QYResearch, the global Discrete Manufacturing ERP market size is projected to reach USD 9.78 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 10.6% during the forecast period.

Figure.   Global Frozen Spring Roll Market Size (US$ Mn), 2018-2029

Figure.   Global Frozen Spring Roll Top 13 Players Ranking and Market Share（Based on data of 2021, Continually updated）

The global key manufacturers of Discrete Manufacturing ERP include Visibility, Global Shop Solutions, SYSPRO, ECi Software Solutions, abas Software AG, IFS AB, QAD Inc, Infor, abas Software AG, ECi Software Solutions, etc. In 2021, the global top five players had a share approximately 66.0% in terms of revenue.

About QYResearch

QYResearch founded in California, USA in 2007.It is a leading global market research and consulting company. With over 16 years’ experience and professional research team in various cities over the world QY Research focuses on management consulting, database and seminar services, IPO consulting, industry chain research and customized research to help our clients in providing non-linear revenue model and make them successful. We are globally recognized for our expansive portfolio of services, good corporate citizenship, and our strong commitment to sustainability. Up to now, we have cooperated with more than 60,000 clients across five continents. Let’s work closely with you and build a bold and better future.

QYResearch is a world-renowned large-scale consulting company. The industry covers various high-tech industry chain market segments, spanning the semiconductor industry chain (semiconductor equipment and parts, semiconductor materials, ICs, Foundry, packaging and testing, discrete devices, sensors, optoelectronic devices), photovoltaic industry chain (equipment, cells, modules, auxiliary material brackets, inverters, power station terminals), new energy automobile industry chain (batteries and materials, auto parts, batteries, motors, electronic control, automotive semiconductors, etc.), communication industry chain (communication system equipment, terminal equipment, electronic components, RF front-end, optical modules, 4G/5G/6G, broadband, IoT, digital economy, AI), advanced materials industry Chain (metal materials, polymer materials, ceramic materials, nano materials, etc.), machinery manufacturing industry chain (CNC machine tools, construction machinery, electrical machinery, 3C automation, industrial robots, lasers, industrial control, drones), food, beverages and pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, agriculture, etc.

[compneuropapers]

Interesting Papers for Week 15, 2023

Cross-scale excitability in networks of quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons. Avitabile, D., Desroches, M., & Ermentrout, G. B. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010569.

Modulation of working memory duration by synaptic and astrocytic mechanisms. Becker, S., Nold, A., & Tchumatchenko, T. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010543.

Mathematical relationships between spinal motoneuron properties. Caillet, A. H., Phillips, A. T., Farina, D., & Modenese, L. (2022). eLife, 11, e76489.

The pupillometry of the possible: an investigation of infants’ representation of alternative possibilities. Cesana-Arlotti, N., Varga, B., & Téglás, E. (2022). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 377(1866).

Olfactory responses of Drosophila are encoded in the organization of projection neurons. Choi, K., Kim, W. K., & Hyeon, C. (2022). eLife, 11, e77748.

Postsynaptic burst reactivation of hippocampal neurons enables associative plasticity of temporally discontiguous inputs. Fuchsberger, T., Clopath, C., Jarzebowski, P., Brzosko, Z., Wang, H., & Paulsen, O. (2022). eLife, 11, e81071.

Immature olfactory sensory neurons provide behaviourally relevant sensory input to the olfactory bulb. Huang, J. S., Kunkhyen, T., Rangel, A. N., Brechbill, T. R., Gregory, J. D., Winson-Bushby, E. D., … Cheetham, C. E. J. (2022). Nature Communications, 13(1), 6194.

Humans Can Track But Fail to Predict Accelerating Objects. Kreyenmeier, P., Kämmer, L., Fooken, J., & Spering, M. (2022). ENeuro, 9(5).

Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Contributes to Human Motor Learning. Kumar, N., Sidarta, A., Smith, C., & Ostry, D. J. (2022). ENeuro, 9(5).

Magnitude-sensitive reaction times reveal non-linear time costs in multi-alternative decision-making. Marshall, J. A. R., Reina, A., Hay, C., Dussutour, A., & Pirrone, A. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010523.

Differences in temporal processing speeds between the right and left auditory cortex reflect the strength of recurrent synaptic connectivity. Neophytou, D., Arribas, D. M., Arora, T., Levy, R. B., Park, I. M., & Oviedo, H. V. (2022). PLOS Biology, 20(10), e3001803.

Structured random receptive fields enable informative sensory encodings. Pandey, B., Pachitariu, M., Brunton, B. W., & Harris, K. D. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010484.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by decreased Pavlovian influence on instrumental behavior. Peng, Z., He, L., Wen, R., Verguts, T., Seger, C. A., & Chen, Q. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1009945.

The value of confidence: Confidence prediction errors drive value-based learning in the absence of external feedback. Ptasczynski, L. E., Steinecker, I., Sterzer, P., & Guggenmos, M. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010580.

Psychedelics and schizophrenia: Distinct alterations to Bayesian inference. Rajpal, H., Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., Timmermann, C. B., Brugger, S., Muthukumaraswamy, S., … Jensen, H. J. (2022). NeuroImage, 263, 119624.

Visual working memory recruits two functionally distinct alpha rhythms in posterior cortex. Rodriguez-Larios, J., ElShafei, A., Wiehe, M., & Haegens, S. (2022). ENeuro, 9(5).

Pitfalls in post hoc analyses of population receptive field data. Stoll, S., Infanti, E., de Haas, B., & Schwarzkopf, D. S. (2022). NeuroImage, 263, 119557.

Event-related microstate dynamics represents working memory performance. Tamano, R., Ogawa, T., Katagiri, A., Cai, C., Asai, T., & Kawanabe, M. (2022). NeuroImage, 263, 119669.

Rule-based and stimulus-based cues bias auditory decisions via different computational and physiological mechanisms. Tardiff, N., Suriya-Arunroj, L., Cohen, Y. E., & Gold, J. I. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010601.

Correcting the hebbian mistake: Toward a fully error-driven hippocampus. Zheng, Y., Liu, X. L., Nishiyama, S., Ranganath, C., & O’Reilly, R. C. (2022). PLOS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010589.

[ainow]

ADXL335 Module

The ADXL335 Module is a compact and energy-efficient 3-axis accelerometer that provides signal conditioned voltage outputs. ADXL335 Module has a minimum full-scale range of ±3 g for accurately measuring acceleration.

This breakout board has the capability to measure both static gravity acceleration in tilt-sensing scenarios, as well as dynamic acceleration caused by movement, impact, or tremors. It is equipped with a built-in voltage regulator and operates seamlessly at 3.3V and 5V (3-5V).

An accelerometer is an electro-mechanical device capable of measuring both static and dynamic acceleration forces. This includes the constant force of gravity acting on your feet, as well as any movement or vibrations that may affect the device.

Systems such as FPV, RC, and Robots.

Navigation systems that utilize GPS technology

Acknowledging and recording the effects.

Devices used for gaming and virtual reality experiences

Features that are activated by movement.

Efficient energy conservation for portable devices.

Monitoring and compensating for vibrations

The detection of free-fall.

Detecting 6D orientation

The characteristics include:

One feature on the board is a Low Dropout (LDO) Voltage Regulator.

Can be connected to either a 3V3 or 5V Microcontroller.

With an ultra-low power consumption rate of only 40uA in measurement mode and an impressive 0.1uA in standby at 2.5V, this device ensures efficiency without compromising on performance.

This feature includes the ability to detect taps and double taps.

A feature for detecting free-fall is included.

The analog output has been successfully connected to the device and is now functioning properly.

Incorporate an ultra low noise linear LDO voltage regulator.

The device contains built-in onboard filters that effectively minimize noise from the motor and other high current electronics.

All sensors on the I2C bus

By using a soldered jumper, it is simple to choose two I2C addresses for the MPU6050.

The LED indicating power.

Incorporate a Logic level converter for I2C connectivity.

Optimized for 5V logic

[creativeera]

Low Harmonic Drives: Driving Towards a Greener Future How Clean Power is Empowering the Automotive Industry

Over the past few decades, variable frequency drives (VFDs) have become widespread in industrial and commercial applications for their ability to control motor speed and torque. Traditionally, VFDs utilize pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques to vary motor voltage and frequency. However, PWM generates high harmonic currents that can damage motors, heat up transformers and power cables, and potentially cause voltage distortions on the utility grid. To address these challenges, a new generation of low harmonic drives has emerged based on advanced switching algorithms. What are Harmonics? In electrical systems, harmonics refer to sinusoidal voltages or currents having frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental power supply frequency, usually 50 or 60 Hz. Harmonics are produced by non-linear loads like adjustable speed drives that draw non-sinusoidal currents from the power source. The extra frequencies generated interact with the system impedance and generate losses, heating, vibrations, torque pulsations and can even cause misoperation of protective devices if sufficiently high in magnitude. Harmonics cause additional power losses in distribution transformers and overvoltages that reduce insulation lifetime. They can also interfere with communication lines. Traditional PWM Drives and their Harmonic Impact Traditional PWM VFDs employ insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) or thyristors to rapidly switch the motor voltages on and off, generating quasi-square wave voltages to control motor speed. However, when these non-sinusoidal voltages are applied to the motor windings, they produce harmonic currents in the supply lines that are integer multiples of the fundamental supply frequency. Specifically, PWM drive techniques generate dominant 5th and 7th order harmonics that can propagate back into the utility system if not properly filtered. The harmonic currents not only stress motor windings but also increase I2R losses in the supply feeders and distribution transformers. Low Harmonic Drives can cause overheating in older transformers not designed for harmonics. Harmonic distortions also increase circulating currents within delta-wye grounded transformers. To mitigate these issues, dedicated harmonic filters need to be installed, increasing overall system costs. Excessive harmonics if left unchecked can even cause protective relays to malfunction. Advancements in Low Harmonic Drive Technology To address harmonic pollution from VFDs, innovative drive manufacturers have developed new low harmonic drive technologies based on advanced switching algorithms that naturally minimize the generation of lower order harmonics. Pulse-Density Modulation

One such technique is pulse density modulation (PDM) where the IGBTs are switched at high frequencies using narrower pulses compared to traditional square waves. By spacing the pulses closer together over time, PDM produces quasi-sinusoidal drive output voltages that inherently contain lower harmonics. PDM drives generate less than 5% total harmonic distortion (THD) without additional filters. Active Front End Drives

Another option is active front end (AFE) drives with a front-end rectifier consisting of IGBTs or MOSFETs instead of diode bridges. The AFE rectifier actively shapes the supply current waveform to follow the voltage waveform and provide near unity power factor without harmonics. AFE drives come with integrated DC chokes to absorb any remaining higher order harmonics internally, keeping them well below 5% THD.

Get more insights on Low Harmonic Drives

Also read related article on Ransomware Protection Market

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Alice Mutum is a seasoned senior content editor at Coherent Market Insights, leveraging extensive expertise gained from her previous role as a content writer. With seven years in content development, Alice masterfully employs SEO best practices and cutting-edge digital marketing strategies to craft high-ranking, impactful content. As an editor, she meticulously ensures flawless grammar and punctuation, precise data accuracy, and perfect alignment with audience needs in every research report. Alice's dedication to excellence and her strategic approach to content make her an invaluable asset in the world of market insights.

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[adinathinternationalindia]

Cream Production Line

A topicals production line, also known as an cream production line (ointment manufacturing line), can be used to make toothpaste, gel, lotion, ointments, and creams. The line consists of an ointment producing factory, labeling machines, capping equipment, and tube or container filling machines. The food, chemical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries all use Cream Production Line. The following provides comprehensive details about the various kinds of Lotion Filling Line equipment:

Cream Manufacturing Plant

Cream Manufacturing Plant is an ideal tool for the pharmaceutical & cosmetic industries for the production of Ointment, Cream, Lotions, Toothpaste & other emulsions & homogenizations. It is specially designed to take care of two critical factors which directly affects the quality of the Ointment/Creams.

Minimum man handling of Ointment.

Negligible vacuums drop during mixing & blending.

Cream Production Line Video

Tube Filling Machine

The tube filling and sealing machine is perfect for usage in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors, among others. All types of semi-viscous and viscous products can be filled into flexible composite tubes made of soft plastic with this tube filler.

Cream Filling Machine

One of the most popular machines in the cosmetics industry is the cosmetic cream filling machine. The food, chemical, and related industries also use this machine. Because the filling and screw capping modules are constructed on the same base and share a similar motor, the monoblock design conserves space. Volumetric, positive displacement of product using piston and cylinder configurations is the filling concept. The ability to adjust the volumes of each piston by adjusting the two cam tracks is another notable feature of this Rotary filler. The cams track rollers are also designed to allow for more precise volume adjustment of individual cylinders. Because bottles in the Monoblock filling and sealing method are sealed right away after filling, extremely high QMP standards are also guaranteed. Accurate sealing is provided by the rotational sealing module, which matches filling. Particles of dust and caps are kept out of filled bottles by an automated cap feeder installed on a separate column. The Monoblock machine contains built-in online automated features, such as sensors that detect bottle falls and cause the machine to stop at the infeed, additional bottle accumulation at the outfeed, and cap accumulation at the feeder stop.

Bottle Capping Machine

The bottle capper, also known as the bottle capping machine, has been uniquely designed with a stainless steel finish, incorporating an M.S. frame structure with stainless steel enclosures and cladding. The orientation type cap feeder on the ROPP bottle cap sealing machine allows for continuous cap feeding for online operation on any liquid or powder filling line. With the use of interchangeable pieces, this machine can accommodate bottles of different sizes as well as ROPP caps. The ROPP Capping Machine has fewer production requirements and can be used in the pharmaceutical, food, beverage, chemical, pesticide, and liquor sectors, among other packaging industries. It operates automatically online.

Bottle Inspection Machine

Vials and bottles of liquid are inspected using an online bottle inspection machine. Online Vial & Bottle Inspection Machines are used in the biotech, veterinary, and pharmaceutical industries. This apparatus consists of a three-track conveyor with a hood, an alternate black and white visual inspection background, and illumination configuration. The inspection table is made of stainless steel and has a moving chain of stainless steel slats. Structure composed of square stainless steel pipe, held up by adjustable fasteners. The machine meets GMP requirements.

Bottle Sticker Labeling Machine

A straightforward mechanism linear design machine, the bottle labeling machine, also known as the bottle self-adhesive sticker labeling machine, is used to mark bottles, jars, cans, tins, and other containers. PET, glass, plastic, aluminum, metal, and tin containers can all be labeled with a bottle labeler. This apparatus has a cutting-edge Micro Processor Control label dispensing mechanism with a product and label detection system. Using an optional special label detection technology, a specially built mechanical and electrical system applies transparent (No Look) labels to bottles at a very high speed. It’s interesting to note that no new format or change parts are needed to convert a bottle from one size to another.

[tallman-robotics]

Linear Actuators Robots

Linear Actuators Robots are a pivotal technology in modern robotics due to their versatility, precision, and scalability. They have a broad range of applications in various fields. Here's an overview of how Linear Actuators Robots are integrated into robotic systems and their benefits: Classification and Mechanisms: Types: Linear Actuators Robots can be driven by different mechanisms including screw type, belt drives, and linear motors. Each mechanism offers unique advantages; for instance, screw-based actuators driven by stepping motors are highly suitable for precise positioning but may be underpowered for certain applications requiring servo motors. Motion and Force: These actuators provide both horizontal and vertical motion. They can handle travel distances up to 500 feet and speeds up to 600 inches per second, and manage loads up to 10,000 pounds, making them suitable for a variety of industrial applications. Applications: Manufacturing Automation: Linear Actuators Robots are prominently used in automation for repetitive, tedious, or dangerous tasks. They help in streamlining processes and maintaining high precision and consistency in manufacturing, greatly reducing production costs. Prosthetics: The introduction of micro linear actuators has revolutionized prosthetics, enabling more natural and powerful motions in prosthetic hands. These tiny actuators offer significant strength and precision, essential for driving individual fingers directly. Drones and Aerospace: In drones, actuators are used for functions such as camera gimbals, retractable landing gear, and arms for manipulating objects. They are also incorporated into aerospace applications, such as the International Space Station, demonstrating their reliability and precision in high-stakes environments. In conclusion, Linear Actuators Robots are vital components in the development of robotic systems, offering a broad spectrum of applications from industrial automation to advanced prosthetics and space exploration. Their adaptability, precision, and robustness make them indispensable in advancing robotics technology into the future. Here, we introduce our Screw drive linear modules by model TMS45 semi-closed type for general environment. 

You are welcome to watch more projects or visit our website to check other series or load down e-catalogues for further technical data.  Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@tallmanrobotics Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tallmanrobotics Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tallman-robotics Read the full article

[kasite-motor]

Kasite Motor Technology linear module manufacturer in china，Truss type long stroke linear motor module，Long stroke: 26 m (span 5 m) high speed: 5 m/s,Multiple support truss aerial head,Ensure installation accuracy,Motion slide bus distributed independent control,Application: automatic unmanned workshop,handling, positioning,loading and unloading，and automatic production line inspection.

[gauricmi]

Load Port Module: The Essential Link Between Wafer Transport System and Process Tool

A Load Port Module serves as the interface between a wafer transport system and a semiconductor process tool such as an etcher or deposition system. It facilitates the safe and ultra-clean transfer of wafers from cassettes stored in the transport system into the vacuum environment of the process chamber for semiconductor fabrication steps. Let's take a closer look at the key components and functions of this critical module. Wafer Cassette Access The front end of a loadlock in Load Port Module includes a cassette-loading station where standard 25mm wafer cassettes containing up to 25 wafers can be automatically loaded and unloaded. A robotic handler on the transport system sets the cassette into place and latches it securely. An environmentally sealed door then closes to maintain isolation of the cleanroom air from the vacuum system. Sensor inputs confirming cassette presence and door closure status are relayed to the process tool's control system. Vacuum-Compatible Design Since wafers must be transferred between the atmospheric cassette environment and high-vacuum process chambers, a Load Port Module needs vacuum-compatible construction. Chambers, bellows sections, and sealing joints are machined from non-outgassing stainless steel or aluminum alloys certified for ultra-high vacuum contact. Viton O-rings, metal gaskets, and precision actuators enable dependable closure and integrity testing of all interfaces down to vacuum pressures below 1x10^-7 Torr. Wafer Transfer Mechanisms Various transfer mechanisms are incorporated into load port designs depending on the specific process tool interface. Common configurations include a linear motor-driven blade that reaches into the cassette to pick wafers one at a time or a robotic arm capable of lifting an entire shelf of wafers simultaneously. Cameras and light sources aid alignment while sensors confirm contact and monitor for particles during extraction and placement into the loadlock chamber. Loadlock Chamber Contained within the load port housing is a small, sealable loadlock chamber where wafers can be coated or undergo vacuum bake-out procedures before entering the process chamber. Magnetic or mechanical end effectors gently grip wafers during transfer to stationary wafer pedestals inside the chamber. A turbo pump then evacuates air from the chamber to prepare for opening the valve to the process tool. Closing this valve isolates the loadlock to allow venting back to atmospheric pressure for wafer removal. Chemical Delivery Ports Some advanced load port designs accommodate ports for purge gas, chemical, or vapor delivery into the loadlock chamber or direct wafer surfaces. This enables pre-etch surface treatment, post-process cleaning, or thin film deposition capabilities directly on the wafers without needing to move them to a dedicated tool. Integrated mass flow controllers ensure precise chemical dosing and vacuum-safe plumbing routes all lines to the chamber.

Get More Insights On This Topic: Load Port Module

[spookysaladchaos]

Global Top 15 Companies Accounted for 58% of total Smart Access Control market (QYResearch, 2021)

According to the new market research report “Global Smart Access Control Market Report 2023-2029”, published by QYResearch, the global Smart Access Control market size is projected to reach USD 1.83 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 5.1% during the forecast period.

Figure.   Global Smart Access Control Market Size (US$ Million), 2018-2029

Figure.   Global Smart Access Control Top 15 Players Ranking and Market Share (Ranking is based on the revenue of 2022, continually updated)

The global key manufacturers of Smart Access Control include Ring (Amazon), Zkteco Co.,Ltd, Salto Systems, Hivision, ASSA ABLOY, Johnson Controls, dormakaba, GU Group, Suprema, HEJIANGDAHUATECHNOLOGYCO.,LTD. , etc. In 2021, the global top 10 players had a share approximately 58.0% in terms of revenue.

About QYResearch

QYResearch founded in California, USA in 2007.It is a leading global market research and consulting company. With over 16 years’ experience and professional research team in various cities over the world QY Research focuses on management consulting, database and seminar services, IPO consulting, industry chain research and customized research to help our clients in providing non-linear revenue model and make them successful. We are globally recognized for our expansive portfolio of services, good corporate citizenship, and our strong commitment to sustainability. Up to now, we have cooperated with more than 60,000 clients across five continents. Let’s work closely with you and build a bold and better future.

QYResearch is a world-renowned large-scale consulting company. The industry covers various high-tech industry chain market segments, spanning the semiconductor industry chain (semiconductor equipment and parts, semiconductor materials, ICs, Foundry, packaging and testing, discrete devices, sensors, optoelectronic devices), photovoltaic industry chain (equipment, cells, modules, auxiliary material brackets, inverters, power station terminals), new energy automobile industry chain (batteries and materials, auto parts, batteries, motors, electronic control, automotive semiconductors, etc.), communication industry chain (communication system equipment, terminal equipment, electronic components, RF front-end, optical modules, 4G/5G/6G, broadband, IoT, digital economy, AI), advanced materials industry Chain (metal materials, polymer materials, ceramic materials, nano materials, etc.), machinery manufacturing industry chain (CNC machine tools, construction machinery, electrical machinery, 3C automation, industrial robots, lasers, industrial control, drones), food, beverages and pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, agriculture, etc.

[compneuropapers]

Interesting Papers for Week 40, 2022

Fixational drift is driven by diffusive dynamics in central neural circuitry. Ben-Shushan, N., Shaham, N., Joshua, M., & Burak, Y. (2022). Nature Communications, 13, 1697.

Introducing principles of synaptic integration in the optimization of deep neural networks. Dellaferrera, G., Woźniak, S., Indiveri, G., Pantazi, A., & Eleftheriou, E. (2022). Nature Communications, 13, 1885.

Neural structure of a sensory decoder for motor control. Egger, S. W., & Lisberger, S. G. (2022). Nature Communications, 13, 1829.

Single-neuron projectome of mouse prefrontal cortex. Gao, L., Liu, S., Gou, L., Hu, Y., Liu, Y., Deng, L., … Yan, J. (2022). Nature Neuroscience, 25(4), 515–529.

Mapping circuit dynamics during function and dysfunction. Gorur-Shandilya, S., Cronin, E. M., Schneider, A. C., Haddad, S. A., Rosenbaum, P., Bucher, D., … Marder, E. (2022). eLife, 11, e76579.

Unsupervised Bayesian Ising Approximation for decoding neural activity and other biological dictionaries. Hernández, D. G., Sober, S. J., & Nemenman, I. (2022). eLife, 11, e68192.

Dissociable oscillatory theta signatures of memory formation in the developing brain. Johnson, E. L., Yin, Q., O’Hara, N. B., Tang, L., Jeong, J.-W., Asano, E., & Ofen, N. (2022). Current Biology, 32(7), 1457-1469.e4.

Evidence for a we-representation in monkeys when acting together. Lacal, I., Babicola, L., Caminiti, R., Ferrari-Toniolo, S., Schito, A., Nalbant, L. E., … Battaglia-Mayer, A. (2022). Cortex, 149, 123–136.

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Visual association cortex links cues with conjunctions of reward and locomotor contexts. McGuire, K. L., Amsalem, O., Sugden, A. U., Ramesh, R. N., Fernando, J., Burgess, C. R., & Andermann, M. L. (2022). Current Biology, 32(7), 1563-1576.e8.

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[ainow]

ADXL335 Module

The ADXL335 Module is a compact and energy-efficient 3-axis accelerometer that provides signal conditioned voltage outputs. ADXL335 Module has a minimum full-scale range of ±3 g for accurately measuring acceleration.

This breakout board has the capability to measure both static gravity acceleration in tilt-sensing scenarios, as well as dynamic acceleration caused by movement, impact, or tremors. It is equipped with a built-in voltage regulator and operates seamlessly at 3.3V and 5V (3-5V).

An accelerometer is an electro-mechanical device capable of measuring both static and dynamic acceleration forces. This includes the constant force of gravity acting on your feet, as well as any movement or vibrations that may affect the device.

Systems such as FPV, RC, and Robots.

Navigation systems that utilize GPS technology

Acknowledging and recording the effects.

Devices used for gaming and virtual reality experiences

Features that are activated by movement.

Efficient energy conservation for portable devices.

Monitoring and compensating for vibrations

The detection of free-fall.

Detecting 6D orientation

The characteristics include:

One feature on the board is a Low Dropout (LDO) Voltage Regulator.

Can be connected to either a 3V3 or 5V Microcontroller.

With an ultra-low power consumption rate of only 40uA in measurement mode and an impressive 0.1uA in standby at 2.5V, this device ensures efficiency without compromising on performance.

This feature includes the ability to detect taps and double taps.

A feature for detecting free-fall is included.

The analog output has been successfully connected to the device and is now functioning properly.

Incorporate an ultra low noise linear LDO voltage regulator.

The device contains built-in onboard filters that effectively minimize noise from the motor and other high current electronics.

All sensors on the I2C bus

By using a soldered jumper, it is simple to choose two I2C addresses for the MPU6050.

The LED indicating power.

Incorporate a Logic level converter for I2C connectivity.

Optimized for 5V logic

[zhanghechen]

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[pider-4]

8-Dec-2023

Now a little bit about extra electronic modules, that are readily available off the shelf. The modules shown in the picture and the reasons for using them is described below. There will be an update at some point showing a homemade hat to plug onto the top of the Pi, which is still having circuitry added to it and probably a Teensy Microcontroller to accurately measure the four distances from ultrasonic transducers plus the robot battery level. It might even do the PWM's aswel instead of the 16-Channel PWM board but we haven't decided on that yet.

4x Micro-Stepping motor driver modules mounted on a piece of FR2 Matrix Stripboard, for convenience of connecting to the RPi and the individual Short body Nema-17 Stepper motors. This way the motors can be controlled more accurately with direction and step pulse. These modules also provide current limiting and as stated, Micro-stepping which can provide smoother and better movement accuracy.

1x 16-channel PWM board to drive servos and probably LED’s to make the Robot a bit more flashy (Yet to be confirmed). The use of such a module is mainly because it is impossible to get a stable PWM from the Raspberry Pi. Most likely because the RPi PWM is a software generated pulse and not from a dedicated hardware counter, compounded by the Real time OS that is pulled in all manner of directions by higher priority level interrupts. It causes the PWM from the Pi OS to jitter like crazy, which in turn causes a servo to twitch rather a lot. So if you want accuracy and stability then a separate dedicated module is needed, as the RPi cannot provide either.

1x Dual H-Bridge. One of the channels is to drive the Boom’s 12V linear actuator. The second channel is spare in case we need it for some other hardware that we haven’t thought of yet.