#lorawan concentrator

[ellcereza]

The Things Network: Primeiros passos

The Things Nework é o maior network server de LoRaWAN do planeta, sendo totalmente colaborativo e gratuito. Venha aprender a usar

A The Things Network ou TTN é um servidor de rede LoRaWAN colaborativa que permite que qualquer pessoa ou empresa possa ser um ponto de conexão LoRaWAN como também pode utilizar a cobertura já existente para conectar os end devices tudo de forma gratuita. 1 O que é The Things Network? A TTN é um network server criado em 2015 com o objetivo de criar uma cobertura global e colaborativa de LoRaWAN…

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[rakwireless]

RaspberryPi 4 Basic Kit is Now Available

The Raspberry Pi 4 Kit is now available Spread the good news or refer it to your friend using our Affiliate Program and get a 5% commission on each kit sold.

Here are the Raspberry Pi 4 Kits we have in store for all of you:

We have three variants and three different options available:

RAK Raspberry Pi 4 Kit is the latest addition to the popular Raspberry Pi series. It offers an excellent increase in processor speed, multimedia performance, memory, and connectivity over the previous generation Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, while maintaining backward compatibility and similar power consumption.

Build your developer gateway for LoRaWAN® with the RAK Raspberry Pi 4 Kit for LoRaWAN®. It includes a Pi 4 (4 GB), a ready-to-use microSD card with Raspbian OS pre-loaded, a case, a power supply, a RAK2287 concentrator, a PiHAT for the concentrator, and a LoRa® antenna.

The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B (4 GB) is the best single-board computer for developing your IoT project and launching your first LoRaWAN® gateway.

Become a RAKwireless Affiliate and get your own Raspberry Pi 4 Basic Kit here: https://store.rakwireless.com/collections/raspberry-pi

[trendingreportz]

Gas Sensor Market - Forecast(2024 - 2030)

Gas Sensor Market Overview

The market for Gas Sensor is forecast to reach $1.66 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 8.5% from 2024 to 2030. The Gas Sensor Market is estimated to witness a sustainable growth over the forecast period majorly because Gas Sensor plays a major role in giving security, safety and various applications in Industries and other workplaces. Gas Sensor have their own respective features and provides various utilities. Gas sensors generally provide a measurement of the concentration of various gases such as CO, CO2, NOx, SO2 and Others by different sensors such as Combustible Gas Sensors, Infrared Point Sensors, Electrochemical Gas Sensors, Metal Oxide Semiconductor, Photo Ionization Detection, Paramagnetic and and Others. Gas sensors are commonly included as part of a health and safety system within the workplace, with portable instruments designed for protecting all workplaces when working in potentially hazardous areas. These vast features at various End-Use industries such as water treatment, food and beverage etc drives its market growth in global market. On the other hand, high installation and maintenance cost are the major challenges affecting its market growth. In recent years, there has been a notable trend towards integrating gas sensors with Internet of Things (IoT) platforms and smart devices. This integration allows for real-time monitoring, remote control, and data analysis of gas levels in various environments. Gas sensor manufacturers are increasingly incorporating wireless connectivity, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or LoRaWAN, into their products to enable seamless communication with smartphones, tablets, and cloud-based platforms. These smart gas sensors offer enhanced functionalities like predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, and customizable alerts, making them indispensable for industrial, environmental, and domestic applications. Moreover, the proliferation of smart homes and smart cities initiatives further drives the demand for gas sensors capable of interfacing with intelligent infrastructure for efficient resource management and enhanced safety measures. With growing concerns about air pollution and its detrimental effects on public health and the environment, there is an increasing demand for gas sensors tailored for air quality monitoring applications. Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are implementing stringent environmental standards and regulations, mandating the continuous monitoring of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter. This regulatory landscape drives the adoption of gas sensing technologies across industries, including automotive, industrial manufacturing, healthcare, and smart cities development. Gas sensor manufacturers are responding by developing innovative solutions with higher sensitivity, accuracy, and multi-gas detection capabilities to address the evolving requirements for environmental monitoring and compliance. Additionally, advancements in miniaturization and cost reduction techniques are making gas sensors more accessible for widespread deployment in indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring networks, fostering a sustainable approach towards mitigating air pollution and safeguarding public health.

Report Coverage

The report: “Gas Sensor Market– Forecast (2024-2030)”, by IndustryARC covers an in-depth analysis of the following segments of the Gas Sensor Market.

By Sensor Type– Combustible Gas Sensors, Infrared Point Sensors, Ultrasonic Sensors, Electrochemical Gas Sensors, Metal-oxide-semiconductor Sensors (MOS sensors) and Others.

By Structure – Fixed and Portable Gas Sensor.

By Technology– Wire and Wireless Gas Sensor.

By End-Use Industry – Oil & Gas, Industrial, Automotive, Mining and Metal, Residential, Healthcare, Water treatment, Food & Beverages and Others. 

By Geography - North America (U.S, Canada, Mexico), South America (Brazil, Argentina and others), Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia and Others), APAC (China, Japan India, SK, Aus and Others), and RoW (Middle east and Africa).

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Key Takeaways

●  The Gas Sensor Market is estimated to witness a sustainable growth over the forecast period majorly role in giving security, safety and various applications in Industries and other workplaces.

●  Due to increasing extraction and shipping of resources in various Oil and Gas Industries, the scope of different Gas Sensors has increased rapidly which boost its market growth. 

●  Ongoing Industrialization and Urbanization in major economies such as USA, Canada, China, India and others, the presence of harmful gases in atmosphere and increased rapidly which uplifts the demand of Gas Sensors in global market. 

●  With the rise in Governmental regulations and Environmental concerns against the rising air pollution intensity with hazardous gases in atmosphere, installation of Gas Sensors in all workplaces and near hospitals and Other public places tends to drive the market growth.

Gas Sensor Market Segment Analysis - By Structure 

Portable Gas Sensors has dominated the Gas Sensor Market at 70% share in 2023 as compared to the Fixed Gas Sensors. The demand for Portable Gas Sensors is growing because in various Power plant and Oil & Gas Industries, the pipelines contain many hazardous elements that can cause short and long-term health problems if workers are exposed improperly. With Portable Gas Sensors and Detectors, one can examine any leaks and presence of any hazardous gas which can affect environment and industries and can be resolved quickly. Mainly Portable Gas Sensors operate through a wireless system, which allows them to check for gases remotely providing inspection of level of gases in certain areas from a safe distance. These vast features tend to drive the market of Portable Gas Sensors in global market. 

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Gas Sensor Market Segment Analysis - By End-Use Industry 

Oil & Gas Industries hold the largest market in Gas Sensor Market at 22.4% share in 2023. The various Inspection methods which it offers to the Oil & Gas Industries as they mainly constitute in operation of many gases from extraction to production by transferring through pipelines. Thus, the requirement of Gas sensors increases rapidly. With the advancement in technologies, the adoption of Portable Gas Sensors offers wireless examination of various levels of gases operating in the system. This helps them to check for gases remotely providing inspection of various hazardous gases certain areas from a safe distance. These vast features tend to drive the market of Gas Sensors in Oil & Gas Industries.

Gas Sensor Market Segment Analysis - By Geography

North America has been accounted for being the highest market at 47% share in 2023 among all the regions by geography. The market growth in this region is predominantly rising due to fast-growing economies such as China, India, Japan and Others. Increasing rate of Urbanization and Industrialization with high population densities in these economies tends to uplift the Gas Sensor Market in these regions. Due to large number of Oil & Gas Industries, Power plants, Healthcare and high air pollution intensity in atmosphere of these regions, the installation Gas Sensors tends to boost the market growth. On the other hand, APAC is closely followed by North America due to the rapid growth of Industries and rise in Environmental concerns due to air pollution tends to uplift the market growth of Gas Sensor.

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Gas Sensor Market Drivers 

Rise in Industrialization and Urbanization drives market growth

Fast growing economies in Asia-Pacific and North America are contributing exponentially in Gas Sensor Market. Due to rise in Urbanization and Industrialization, the demand for Gas Sensors in various Oil & Gas industries, Healthcare, Power plants has increased rapidly. This has promoted the developments in manufacturing of Gas Sensors from fixed systems to portable systems among which the adoption of Wireless Gas Sensors has brought a major uplift in its market growth. To maintain safety and security in the workplace of these industries, the adoption of Gas Sensors has brought a major boost in the market growth. 

Rise in Governmental Regulations and Environmental Concerns

With the rise in Governmental Regulations of maintaining a pollution-free city in various regions has brought a huge demand of Gas Sensors in global market. Gas sensors helps in examining the various hazardous gases in the atmosphere and provides the measurement of the concentration of various gases such as CO, CO2, NOx, SO2 and Others in major workplaces and Industries and Other public places. This tends to drive the demand of Gas Sensor Market globally. Moreover, with the rise in Environmental Concerns to reduce the emission of harmful gases especially in Industrial regions to secure nearby Ecosystem. Gas sensors are commonly installed in industrial regions as part of a health and safety system within the workplace as well nearby ecosystem are the key factors boosting the growth of the Gas Sensor Market globally. 

Gas Sensor Market Challenges 

High Installation and Maintenance Cost

One of the major challenges faced by Gas Sensor Market globally is the High Installation and Maintenance Cost. The advancement in technologies has brought the manufacturing of Portable Wireless Gas Sensors, which provides examining the air purity and inspecting various hazardous gases in the atmosphere as well as in Industries where workers cannot have physical access thus providing examining from a safe distance. But, these systems require high installation cost which restraints end users from purchasing these systems. Moreover, it requires high maintenance cost as the components used in manufacturing of these Gas Sensors are of specific types of unique technology. These are the major challenges which restraint the Gas Sensor Market growth globally. 

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Gas Sensor Market Landscape

Product launches, acquisitions, and R&D activities are key strategies adopted by players in the Gas Sensor Market. The Gas Sensor Market is dominated by major companies such as Dragerwerk Ag & Co.KGAA, AMETEK, Honeywell International Inc., ABB Ltd., General Electric Co., Emerson Electric Co., Figaro Engineering Inc., Ametek Inc., Siemens AG, Trolex Ltd., Enerac Inc. and California Analytical Instruments Inc.

Acquisitions/Technology Launches/Partnerships

●  In June 2023, Alphasense, the UK-based manufacturer of sensors for air quality monitoring and safety gas detection, has launched a compact new sensor format for portable devices.

●  In Oct 2023 Sensata Launches First A2L Leak Detection Sensor Certified for Multiple HVAC Refrigerants. The new leak detection sensors support HVAC manufacturers’ transition to refrigerants with a lower global warming impact.

[mutelcor]

CO₂, temperature, humidity and barometric pressure sensors for LoRaWAN®

What level of CO₂ Concentration is terrible for us?

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the air are measured in parts per million (ppm). Up to 800 ppm of CO₂ is generally regarded as safe.

Between 1,000 ppm and 1,500 ppm, elevated CO₂ levels can induce symptoms such as fatigue, sleepiness, and reduced concentration. Beyond 1,500 ppm, individuals may experience headaches, with severity increasing as CO₂ concentrations rise.

Mutelcor Smart CO₂ LoRa Sensor

The Mutelcor Smart CO₂ LoRa Sensor incorporates sensors for carbon dioxide, temperature, and humidity, all of which deliver data through a dedicated web dashboard.

It measures CO₂ levels automatically every 2 seconds and allows users to customize the interval for sending updates to the dashboard.

You could also call this device a LoRa Carbon Dioxide Sensor or CO₂ Gas Sensor.

Now, let’s delve into the functionality of the CO₂ sensor. When the CO₂ level is below 800 ppm, a green light illuminates.

At 800 ppm, a yellow light remains on until the level drops below 750 ppm. If the CO₂ level reaches 1000 ppm, a red light indicates this until the level falls below 950 ppm, at which point it turns yellow.

When the CO₂ level exceeds 1500 ppm, the red light activates along with three beeps lasting 5 seconds. Additionally, as long as the CO₂ level remains above 1450 ppm, the sensor emits two buzzer sounds for 5 seconds every 10 minutes.

All data is recorded on the CO₂ sensor dashboard, accessible for review with various filter options.

In residential and office settings, CO₂ sensors are configured with safety margins that can be adjusted to suit specific requirements.

For instance, environments like mushroom farming necessitate CO₂ levels as high as 16,000 ppm. In such cases, the sensor can be configured to display a green light within this range. If the CO₂ level drops below this threshold, a red light indicates the deviation, while a yellow light may signify elevated levels beyond the optimal range.

This customization ensures the sensor effectively meets diverse operational needs while maintaining safety and efficiency in various applications.

What is this CO₂ Sensor

CO₂ sensors in HVAC

HVAC, which stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning, is essential in homes for regulating temperature and ensuring proper ventilation.

CO₂ sensors play a critical role in determining optimal ventilation timing, while temperature and humidity sensors assist in managing cooling cycles effectively.

CO₂ sensor for Smart Homes

Smart homes integrate all electronic devices with internet connectivity, enabling remote management. This technology allows homeowners to control lighting, air conditioning, and fans from anywhere, without physical presence.

Within smart homes, CO₂ sensors can alert users via mobile devices or a central dashboard about ventilation, enhancing indoor air quality management.

CO₂ sensor for Automated Buildings

Automated buildings represent advanced iterations of smart homes and HVAC-equipped residences, integrating diverse sensors to optimize building maintenance.

For instance, CO₂ sensors are strategically placed to regulate ventilation, while temperature and humidity sensors are utilized to ensure consistent indoor climate control across the entire building.

CO₂ Sensor for Schools

During winter, classroom environments typically keep doors and windows closed to maintain warmth. To ensure optimal air quality without disrupting students’ focus and well-being, CO₂ sensors are employed to facilitate periodic ventilation. Additionally, CO₂ sensors are integral to the operation of air-conditioned classrooms, supporting efficient management of indoor air quality throughout the school day.

CO₂ Sensor for Universities

CO₂ sensors in universities play a crucial role in maintaining air quality across classrooms, laboratories, and common areas, promoting a conducive environment for student productivity and concentration. These sensors also contribute to the optimization of HVAC systems throughout the university campus.

CO₂ Sensor for Senior Residences

CO₂ sensors are instrumental in maintaining a healthy environment in senior residences, while also optimizing energy use for ventilation systems serving elderly residents.

CO₂ Sensor for Apartments

The shift towards remote work and increased apartment living underscores the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, where CO₂ sensors play a crucial role in ensuring environmental health.

CO₂ Sensor for Shopping Malls

In shopping malls, HVAC systems are essential for regulating temperature and creating a comfortable shopping experience. CO₂ sensors are strategically positioned throughout malls to detect elevated CO₂ levels, triggering ventilation cycles as needed to uphold indoor air quality and enhance visitor comfort.

CO₂ Sensor for Hospitals & ICU

In hospitals, critical areas such as ICUs, operating theaters, and emergency rooms require utmost focus from healthcare professionals to ensure patient safety and optimal care.

Maintaining a healthy environment is crucial throughout the facility, and CO₂ sensors play a vital role in ensuring good air quality for patients and medical staff.

CO₂ Sensor for Offices & Coworking Spaces

In office environments, maintaining high levels of concentration directly impacts business productivity and revenue. CO₂ sensors provide timely insights into air quality, enabling teams to optimize conditions and sustain focus, thereby enhancing overall productivity

Conclusion

Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere helps us to maintain our blood pH level. If the CO₂ concentration is high in the atmosphere then blood acidification starts taking place, which causes fatigue, sleepiness, and difficulty concentrating to the point of severe headaches depending on the concentration of the CO₂ around you.

Prolonged exposure or regular exposure to high levels of CO₂ Concentration may also negatively impact your life expectancy and can cause you illnesses.

The CO₂ Level is measured in ppm (Parts per Million); up to 1,000 ppm is considered safe, and between 1000 to 1500 is regarded as a yellow zone with fatigue & sleepiness; after 1,500 ppm, you will start experiencing severe headaches.

Mutelcor CO₂ Sensor helps you know the CO₂ concentration so you can ventilate your room for a good environment at your place.

Then we learned how this system works and records data; Later, we went through the use cases of CO₂ sensors at different places like hospitals, Shopping Malls, and Offices.

For More Details Please Visit Or Call Us Now:-

Site:- https://mutelcor.com/

Email:- business@mutelcor.com

Phone: +49 203 7299 60 70

Fax: +49 203 7299 60 71

Address:- Mutelcor GmbH An der Bastei 42a 47259 Duisburg Germany

[g-nicerf]

Data Security and Precision Control: Precision Application of Smart Irrigation Using LoRa Technology and LoRaWAN Gateway

The application characteristics of LoRa modules in smart irrigation technology are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Low Power Consumption: LoRa modules are characterized by extremely low power consumption, enabling devices to operate for extended periods on battery power. This reduces the hassle of frequent battery replacements and enhances the system's lifespan and reliability.

Anti-Interference Capability: LoRa technology has excellent anti-interference capabilities., ensuring stable communication quality even in environments with multiple radio signals.

Long-Distance Transmission: Utilizing low-frequency transmission, spread spectrum technology, and high-sensitivity receivers, LoRa modules can achieve wireless communication over distances ranging from several kilometers to over ten kilometers.

MESH Self-Organizing Network: LoRa modules can establish communication connections through self-organizing networks, eliminating the need for complex infrastructure and network wiring.

Precision Irrigation: LoRa modules offer stable and accurate data transmission, enabling real-time delivery of information such as soil moisture and weather conditions.

High Penetration: LoRa technology boasts strong signal penetration and stability, ensuring reliable signal transmission even in complex environments.

Multi-Node Support: LoRa modules support applications with multiple nodes. A single LoRa gateway can connect multiple sensor nodes, forming a complete network system for extensive, multi-point monitoring and management.

Data Security: LoRa modules provide high data security, employing encryption technology to protect data during transmission, preventing data theft or tampering, and ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of agricultural data.

Wide Coverage: LoRa technology can achieve wide coverage, typically ranging from several kilometers to over ten kilometers, without the repeaters.

Module Compatibility: LoRa modules are compatible with various types of sensors and control devices, offering a high level of system integration and facilitating seamless cooperation among different devices.

How the LoRa modules achieve precision irrigation in smart irrigation?

Remote Monitoring: Using LoRa modules, the irrigation system can achieve remote monitoring and control. Users can access real-time environmental data such as soil moisture and temperature from a distance and remotely control irrigation equipment, enabling precision irrigation.

Data Analysis: After the cloud platform receives sensor data, it analyzes and processes the information to promptly understand soil moisture conditions, providing a scientific basis for irrigation decisions.

Remote Control of Equipment: LoRa modules transmit commands to various irrigation nodes through long-distance, low-power wireless communication, controlling valve switches, irrigation times, and irrigation amounts.

Timed Irrigation: The irrigation schedule can be preset, and the LoRa module can be used to control the irrigation equipment to irrigate at the best time.

Feedback Mechanism: After irrigation is completed, the system re-monitors soil conditions and feeds the data back to the central control system.

Functions of the LoRaWAN Gateway LG1301-PF in Smart Irrigation Systems

Features of the LG1301-PF Gateway

LG1301-PF is the LoRaWAN gateway. It can work with any LoRaWAN node which comply Standard LoRaWAN protocol V1.0.

The gateway use linux platform as host.It mainly consists of concentrator ,GPS module ,WIFI and Ethernet. The GPS module send NMEA frames containing time and geographical coordinates data to the host. The GPS module also output one pulse to the sx1301 per second.

The gateway receives the RF data from nodes and sends it to the server. It also receive data from the server and transmit to the nodes. The gateway connects to the server via Ethernet or WiFi.

Support for LoRaWAN Protocol: Adapts to the LoRaWAN protocol, enabling the device to communicate with standard LoRaWAN networks for remote data transmission and management.

UART Interface: Provides a UART interface for convenient data exchange and integration with other devices or sensors.

AES128 Encryption: Uses the AES128 encryption algorithm to ensure the security and privacy of data transmission.

8-Channel Simultaneous Communication: Supports up to 8 channels of communication simultaneously

Configurable Parameters: Users can flexibly configure various parameters according to specific application needs.

Global Positioning System Support: GPS functionality enables precise positioning and tracking of the device.

Remote Transmission: Supports remote data transmission, allowing real-time data transfer and management between the device and the cloud via an internet connection.

Frequency Band Support: Covers multiple frequency bands (such as EU433M, EU868M, KR920M, AS923M, CN780M, CN470M, US915M, AS915M, etc.).

By using NiceRF LoRa gateway devices, sensor equipment in the irrigation field (such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, CO2 sensors, etc.) can be connected in real-time. These sensors collect data in real-time and periodically upload it to the cloud platform or local host computer via LoRa modules. This setup enables remote monitoring, fault alarms, equipment management, and provides scientific and reliable data support for adjusting irrigation strategies.

Data Monitoring Function: The sensor equipment monitors data such as air temperature, air humidity, CO2 levels, light intensity, soil moisture, and soil temperature. This data is transmitted through the LoRa gateway to the cloud platform, allowing users to analyze and process the information conveniently.

Remote Control and Adjustment: The LoRa gateway can connect to irrigation equipment, enabling remote control of the irrigation system. By sending commands from the cloud platform to the LoRa gateway, users can adjust irrigation equipment, such as remotely starting or stopping the equipment or adjusting irrigation parameters. This allows for intelligent irrigation based on feedback from soil moisture sensors, providing precise water management, reducing waste, and improving irrigation efficiency.

Anomaly Alarms and Warnings: The LoRa gateway can monitor abnormal conditions in the farmland environment and send alarm messages to users through the cloud platform. For instance, if soil moisture levels are too low or too high, the LoRa gateway can promptly issue an alert, reminding farmers to take appropriate irrigation measures.

Energy Efficiency Optimization: The gateway is designed with low power consumption features. By optimizing energy management and data transmission frequency, it effectively extends the operating time of the equipment, reduces energy costs, and enhances system sustainability.

For details, please click：https://www.nicerf.com/products/ Or click：https://nicerf.en.alibaba.com/productlist.html?spm=a2700.shop_index.88.4.1fec2b006JKUsd For consultation, please contact NiceRF (Email: sales@nicerf.com).

[macnman-techno]

What's the easiest way to build a LoRaWAN Gateway?

LoRaWAN gateway building require a proper setup and expert professional team. As far as I know and I have worked with similar industry following are the basic requirements that has to be done to build a good network of LoRaWAN Gateway. 

Hardware Selection: Begin by selecting the necessary hardware components for your LoRaWAN gateway. This typically involves acquiring a LoRa concentrator board/module, a single-board computer (SBC) like the Raspberry Pi, and a network connection interface (Ethernet or cellular module).

Assembly: Proceed to physically connect the LoRa concentrator board/module to the SBC using suitable connectors and cables. Ensure that these connections are securely established.

Install Operating System: Install the designated operating system (e.g., Raspbian for Raspberry Pi) on the SBC following the manufacturer's prescribed instructions. This typically entails downloading the OS image file and then flashing it onto an SD card.

Software Setup: Install the requisite LoRaWAN gateway software. The most commonly employed software is the packet forwarder, responsible for receiving LoRa packets from the concentrator and transmitting them to a network server through a network connection.

Configuration: Configure the LoRaWAN gateway software by specifying parameters such as server address, port, and LoRaWAN region. These settings may vary depending on your chosen network server and geographical region.

Network Connection: Establish an internet connection for your gateway using the appropriate network interface, whether it be Ethernet or cellular. Ensure the network connection remains stable and grants internet access.

Testing and Integration: Once the software and network connections are established, proceed to test the gateway's functionality. Power it on and verify successful communication with the network server. Utilize LoRaWAN end devices to transmit test data and confirm whether the gateway receives and forwards packets accurately.

Deployment: Following successful testing, deploy your LoRaWAN gateway in the intended location. Ensure that its placement optimizes coverage while minimizing potential obstructions.

It's imperative to acknowledge that the construction of a LoRaWAN gateway necessitates a degree of technical proficiency and familiarity with tasks such as hardware assembly, software installation, and configuration. Detailed guidance and specifications for building a specific LoRaWAN gateway can typically be found in documentation provided by hardware manufacturers or the broader LoRaWAN community.

[borgpsi]

WHAT IS IOT PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE? AND HOW IT WORKS?

When it comes to improving operational efficiency at your factory or business, predictive maintenance is a great icebreaker. Predictive maintenance is becoming more and more common in businesses as a means of lowering equipment downtime in the highly competitive era in which we now live. Let’s examine how IoT-based predictive maintenance is assisting various businesses.

Businesses are using Internet of Things (IoT)-based technology to build cost-effective, simply deployable bundles of predictive maintenance solutions. According to a survey by ARC, IoT applications for predictive maintenance have become the most widespread across all industries.

We’ll concentrate on the changing trends in IoT-based preventive maintenance in this post.

REACTIVE MAINTENANCE AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ARE THE PREDECESSORS

For the maintenance of their machinery and equipment, manufacturers nowadays mostly use the Run-to-Failure and Preventive Maintenance models.

In a reactive maintenance paradigm, equipment is only maintained or replaced when a failure renders it worthless. A reactive paradigm is very inefficient and results in less available machine time and more downtime. Because of this, the reactive approach works well for operational processes involving less-critical assets whose absence has little effect on output.

On the other hand, under a preventative maintenance model, maintenance crews perform machine repair and replacement tasks in accordance with a predetermined maintenance plan.

These schedules are often created in compliance with the terms of use specified by the manufacturer. Although preventative maintenance is more efficient than reactive maintenance in reducing machine downtime, its maintenance plans sometimes don’t match the actual operating circumstances. This can make it harder for the equipment to operate and cost more to maintain.

These two methods don’t evaluate or forecast how well machines will really function.

IOT PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE

Predictive maintenance is founded on the notion of being aware of and comprehending the machine’s operational state. A greater understanding of the machine’s operational state can result in more reliable machine maintenance. Numerous characteristics, including machine temperature, vibration, and others, may be utilised to determine and comprehend the health of a machine.

Sensors can be mounted at a number of locations on the machine to enable continuous monitoring of these characteristics. The output of these sensors may be analysed using the right software, which can aid in assessing machine health. Despite being quite successful, this maintenance technique is rather pricey.

IOT AND OTHER TECHNOLOGY TRENDS: THE PATH TO MAINTENANCE PREDICTIVE STREAMING

Predictive maintenance is becoming more popular as a result of the Internet of Things (IoT). Continuous monitoring of machines and its components is now possible thanks to IoT.

IoT predictive maintenance has become more accessible to businesses because of the deployment of wireless sensors that can communicate with one another. The following are just a few of the several technologies driving this revolution in IoT-based predictive maintenance:

IOT USE OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

The speed and quality of wireless technologies are improving every day as the IT revolution roars. For example, consider 4G internet speeds or Wi-Fi technologies. Wireless sensors can readily communicate and receive information about the health of a machine thanks to this great connection.

Additionally, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technologies, including LoRaWAN, Zigbee, BLE Mesh, etc., are employed when a lot of sensor devices communicate data to the central Unit. This has not only made machine health monitoring automated, but also more precise and less expensive.

SENSORS USED IN INDUSTRIES AT LOW COST

The smartphone business has expanded greatly as a result of smartphones’ quick global adoption. On the other hand, the price of sensors has been under pressure due to the expansion of the smartphone market.

These compact smart sensors are just what the IoT-based predictive maintenance technology needs. In the Internet of Things, sensors like temperature and humidity sensors are often employed.

IOT uses both edge and cloud computing.

Thanks to developments in cloud computing, data transfers, storage, etc. are now both cheap and secure. IoT Companies are increasingly using cloud computing platforms like AWS for their IoT and associated computing demands.

This has created an array of new opportunities for IoT-based predictive maintenance. Edge computing is becoming a key component of IoT and is commonly employed in IoT Edge gateways.

Edge computing refers to the process of executing workloads on edge devices, whereas cloud computing refers to the process of running workloads inside of the cloud.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING (AI/ML) FOR PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE

In order to continually monitor and comprehend the health of a machine, evaluate sensor data, and perform preventive maintenance, analysts can use artificial intelligence as a valuable tool. A subset of artificial intelligence known as machine learning is capable of self-learning and knowledge acquisition via algorithms. IoT and AI and ML combined have enormous promise.

IOT-BASED PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE IN THE FUTURE

Our lives are made more convenient and enjoyable by the products that factories produce. Everything is manufactured in factories, including the air conditioners that keep our houses cool and the vehicles we drive.

IoT-based predictive maintenance has the potential to further improve the productivity of our industrial processes, resulting in improved supply chain and inventory management, more operational efficiency, and reduced costs.

Therefore, there is no longer a need for companies to put off implementing the concept of IoT-based predictive maintenance.

PsiBorg is an IoT solution provider, and we have created a number of solutions, including ones for predictive maintenance, for diverse sectors.

This article was originally published here: https://psiborg.in/predictive-maintenance-using-iot/

[intechic-sag]

LPN MICA Base Server Designed for LoRaWAN: Condition Monitoring für LPN-Anwendungen - LoRaWAN® Concentrator von comtac - HF-Performance wie Gateways von Telecom-Providern Eigenschaften LPN MICA Base Server - Outdoor-tauglich - Diverse Software-Schnittstellen - Einsatz als „Private LoRaWAN® Networking” - Flexible Instal

[iotagger]

Hardware solutions for Eclipse IOT Challenge: Exploring LoRa/LoRaWAN

The Eclipse IOT challenge lead me to research more in depth different technologies both from the hardware and the software aspect. As part of product development and delivery one has to come up with the solution for a problem. In this case the problem is parking in urban areas, or the lack of smarter parking solutions. Such implementation would not only allow end users to have a better parking experience while saving time in finding an adequate spots but also provides the city with valuable data to be used for city planning and city improvement projects.

Once the issue is identified, it was important to find a technical solution that would align with our needs. For city implementations, given the broad area that needs to be covered, we would need a type of communication that is long range and low cost, both in cost of sending data and power consumption. I first tackled the hardware needs once the design was evaluated. The prototype for a smart city solution needs to also be scalable while adding the least overhead in cost and infrastructure needed.

In this article I will go more in depth on the research done to identify one of the key components of the project. I will share a summary of my findings in hopes of helping others that are also exploring similar solutions.

Evaluating communication solutions:

I evaluated BLE, bluetooth, cellular, satellite, Wi-Fi, SigFox, Zigbee and Lora. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, given its range limitation and cost were not considered for this prototype. Cellular communications have a higher cost as well, and at even steeper price comes satellite communication; both this options were also discarded. SigFox and LoRa/LoraWAN were the runner up candidates. I came across a comprehensive post on the comparison of SigFox and LoRa that is worth the read https://www.link-labs.com/blog/sigfox-vs-lora . The winner was LoRa.

Why Lora?

As explained by Libelium on http://www.libelium.com/development/waspmote/documentation/lora-vs-lorawan/ LoRa contains only the link layer protocol and is perfect to be used in P2P communications between nodes. LoRa modules are a little cheaper that the LoRaWAN ones.. LoRaWAN includes the network layer too so it is possible to send the information to any Base Station already connected to a Cloud platform. LoRaWAN modules may work in different frequencies by just connecting the right antenna to its socket..

LoRa which stands for long range wireless operates at a low bandwidth, meaning that its best application is for sending smaller pieces of data such as sensor data. LoRaWAN is known for its good penetration and long coverage which has been recorded to reach over 10 KM distance. LoRaWAN operates on unlicensed bands, so in most countries is legal to have you own LoRaWAN gateway cutting down the cost given that you will not have to pay a carrier or third party to supply you with the service.

Additionally a selling point for me personally was the wide accessibility to various developer platforms and hardware solutions such as DIY LoRa kits, libraries and Arduino compatible LoRa modules. The Things Network offers a strong platform with access to resources, documentation and a great community of IOT LoRa enthusiast.

Gateway

Lets take a look at one of the hardware pieces now. “Gateways form the bridge between devices and The Things Network. Devices use low power networks like LoRaWAN to connect to the Gateway, while the Gateway uses high bandwidth networks like WiFi, Ethernet or Cellular to connect to The Things Network. Gateways are routers equipped with a LoRa concentrator, allowing them to receive LoRa packets”(see more at https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/). Below is a list of some gateways that were evaluated for this project. I spent time looking at their platform flexibility, the documentation and support provided and what would be the most cost effective solution for a minimum viable product (MVP).

Lorixone

https://lorixone.io/

LORIX One is the first low cost gateway designed and assembled in Switzerland. Its technical specifications include Runx Linux Yocto 4.X SX1301 gateway chip SPI based 8 channels, 49 demodulators @ 868MHz

Lorixone counts with great documentation accessible at https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/labs/story/install-awesome-lorix-one-gateway

Kerlink

Details at https://www.kerlink.com/iot-solutions-services/IoT%20LoRaWan%20Solutions/

Wirnet iBTS is a range of modular and upgradeable gateways designed for IoT public operators. It can be upgraded up to 64 LoRa™ channels to offer an answer to massive messages supporting. I was unable to identify the price point for this gateway.

The Things Gateway

Details at https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/gateway/

Retails: € 300.00 € 280.00 (ex VAT)

Originally started as a Kikstarter campaign viewable at https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/419277966/the-things-network it provides 10 km / 6 miles radius of network coverage, it can server thousands of nodes and its an straight forward to set up. It counts with ample documentation and a strong community.

Technical specifications:

Fastest way to get started with LoRaWAN (Long Range WAN)

Set up your own LoRaWAN network in as little as 5 minutes

Connects easily to your WiFi or Ethernet connection

Wireless range of up to 10 km (6 miles)

Engage with a global community of IoT developers

Easy cloud integration with popular IoT platforms

Based on open source hardware and software standards

Devices can freely communicate over all gateways connected to The Things Network

XBEE slot for future connectivity protocols or homebrew add-ons.

Security through the https connection and embedded in the LoRaWAN protocol

Can serve thousands of nodes (depending on traffic)

Laird — RG1xx

Details at: https://www.lairdtech.com/products/rg1xx-lora-gateway

Retail 400+ US dollars

This gateway counts with a dual-band Wi-Fi, BT v4.0 (BLE and Classic) and wired Ethernet; LoRa range up to 10 miles and pre-loaded LoRa Packet Forwarder software

Technical specifications:

Full Linux operating system — Kernel v4.x running on Atmel A5 Core @ 536 MHz

Multiple interfaces such as LoRaWAN, 802.11a/b/g/n, Bluetooth v4.0, and Ethernet

8-Channel LoRaWAN support with up to +27dBM max transmit power

Comprehensive Certifications for FCC / IC (RG191) and CE (RG186) (all pending)

Industrial temperature range (-30º to 70º C)

Advanced deployment tools including intuitive web-based configuration, integrated LoRa packet forwarder, and default settings for multiple LoRaWAN Network Server vendors

Enterprise-grade security built on Laird’s years of experience in wireless

Industry-leading support works directly with Laird engineers to help deploy your design

LoRa Network Server pre-sets — The Things Network, Loriot, Stream and Senet

Multitech

Developer resource http://www.multitech.net/developer/products/multiconnect-conduit-platform/

Retail 675–685 US dollars

Breakdown: base gateway MTCDT-H5–210L-US-EU-GB https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/multi-tech-systems-inc/MTCDT-H5-210L-US-EU-GB/881-1236-ND/5246365() $490, antenna (https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/multi-tech-systems-inc/AN868-915A-10HRA/881-1242-ND/5246371) $13, LoRa module MTAC-LORA-915 (https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/multi-tech-systems-inc/MTAC-LORA-915/881-1239-ND/5246368) $180

The MultiConnect® Conduit™ is a configurable, scalable cellular communications gateway for industrial IoT applications. Conduit allows users to plug in two MultiConnect mCard™ accessory cards supporting wired or wireless interfaces. It counts with open source Linux development, wwo mcard slots, Lora 8 channel receiver, Spred spectrum frequency hopping that is ued to Up to 10 miles line of sight. MultiConnect has done a great job with its documentation and it counts with its own platform that can be used as well.

Lorrier LR2

Details at: https://lorrier.com/#introducing-lr2

Developer resource: https://github.com/lorriercom

Retail €615.00 €755.00

Based on LoRaWAN™ protocol. This is a fully outdoor device intended to establish a wide coverage network by telecommunications operators and local network by individuals or IoT connectivity service providers. The whole solution, including both HW and SW parts, follows the Lorrier culture, and it is shared as an Open Source.

The gateway is based on iC880a LoRaWAN™ concentrator by IMST which uses Semtech SX1301 base band processor designed for use with LoRa® networks. BeagleBone Green with 1GHz (2000 MIPS) processor and fully operational on fast SPI bus was chosen as a powerful control unit.

LoRa/LoRaWAN Gateway — 915MHz for Raspberry Pi 3

Details at https://www.seeedstudio.com/LoRa%2FLoRaWAN-Gateway-915MHz-for-Raspberry-Pi-3-p-2821.html

Retails 289.00 US dollars

If you want to build you own LoRa network, there are 3 things that you should prepare to get started: a Gateway, at least one Node and a local server where you can monitor all your devices. This kit provides a gateway & local server that allows you to collect and transfer data among all your LoRa nodes. By connecting the gateway with Seeeduino LoRaWAN and Grove modules, you can build your IOT prototype within minutes.

Regarding the gateway module RHF0M301, it is a 10 channel(8 x Multi-SF + 1 x Standard LoRa + 1 x FSK) LoRaWan gateway moduel with a 24pin DIP port on board, users can easily connect the RHF0M301 with PRI 2 bridge RHF4T002, adapter for Raspberry Pi 3 and RHF0M301.

RisingHF gateway

Details at http://www.risinghf.com/product/rhf0m301/?lang=en

I have seen this solution mentioned and used across the LoRaWAN community. Its technical specs are RHF0M301 is a 10 channels (8 x Multi-SF + 1 x Standard LoRa + 1 x FSK) LoRa/LoRaWAN gateway or concentrator module. The module is integrated one 24 pins DIP hearder, with this header user could connect RHF0M301 with his own embedded platform to build a customized gateway easily.

LG01 LoRa OpenWrt IoT Gateway by Dragino Tech

Details at https://www.tindie.com/products/edwin/lg01-lora-openwrt-iot-gateway/?pt=ac_prod_search

Retails 56.00 US dollars

This gateway is a long distance wireless 433/868/915Mhz, OpenWrt, LoRa IoT Gateway

The LG01 is an open source single channel LoRa Gateway. It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular.

DYI options:

There are various posts on DYI options based both from Raspberry Pi and Arduino boards. Below are a few:

Build your own gateway

https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/start/build.html

Building a Raspberry Pi Powered LoRaWAN Gateway

https://www.rs-online.com/designspark/building-a-raspberry-pi-powered-lorawan-gateway

Hardware IMST iC880A LoRaWAN “concentrator” board and Raspberry Pi

The iC880A — LoRaWAN https://wireless-solutions.de/products/long-range-radio/ic880a iC880A is able to receive packets of different end devices send with different spreading factors on up to 8 channels in parallel. In combination with an embedded Linux board like Raspberry Pi, Beagle Bone, Banana Pi and the HAL software from https://github.com/Lora-net a complete LoRaWAN® gateway can be setup easily.

From zero to LoRaWAN in a weekend

https://github.com/ttn-zh/ic880a-gateway/wiki

Based iC880a concentrator board and a Raspberry Pi 2.

A DIY low-cost LoRa gateway

http://cpham.perso.univ-pau.fr/LORA/RPIgateway.html

The gateway is based on a Raspberry PI. RPI 1B+/2B/3B can be used. The LoRa modules comes from (a) Libelium LoRa radio module, (b) HopeRF RFM92W/HopeRF RFM95W (or RFM96W for 433MHz), © Modtronix inAir9/inAir9B (or inAir4 for 433MHz), (d) NiceRF LoRa1276. Libelium LoRa and RFM92W use the Semtech SX1272 chip while RFM95W, inAir9/9B and NiceRF LoRa1276 use the SX1276 which is actually more versatile.

Note: The LoRa module and the LoRaWAN module are not compatible because the protocols are different. The LoRa module implements a simple link protocol, created by Libelium. However, the LoRaWAN module runs the LoRaWAN protocol, a much richer and more advanced protocol, created by the LoRa Alliance.

Check out their Github page with detailed documentation https://github.com/CongducPham/LowCostLoRaGw

Conclusion on gateways:

The gateway is a key portion of this solution given that the sensors will need to send the information “somewhere” where it can either be analyzed on the edge or sent to the cloud. After considering price ranges on both the parts needed for a DIY solution or a full blown gateway I considered those solutions that would be cost effective and which I was most familiar with. The “LG01 LoRa OpenWrt IoT Gateway by Dragino Tech” seemed the best approach. The developer kit counts with an Arduino developer node and a Developer gateway. Note that this solution only counts with ONE channel, in comparison with other solutions that allow 8+ channels. This was a compromise that was evaluated and given that this will be a prototype the one channel option seemed sufficient.

In the following articles I will showcase both the remaining hardware parts and the software portion along with updates on how the project is coming along.

[ellcereza]

Módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge Tutorial Completo

O módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge é homologado pela Anatel e 100% fabricado no Brasil e neste post você aprende tudo sobre ele.

O módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge é uma placa de fabricação nacional e homologada que pode ser usada com qualquer microcontrolador ou microprocessador através de comandos AT via porta serial. 1 O que é LoRaWAN? O LoRaWAN é um protocolo que desenvolvido para aumentar o alcance da rede LoRa e utiliza nós em estrela para diminuir ao máximo o consumo da bateria, de modo que os ‘end nodes’ fiquem…

Ver no WordPress

[rakwireless]

The RAK831 concentrator module can act as the core of a full 8 channel LoRaWAN® gateway. It provides the possibility to enable robust communication between an LPWAN gateway and a huge amount of LPWAN end-nodes spread over a wide area.

[mokosmart]

LoRa frequency range

LoRa uses the CSS (Chirp Spread Spectrum) modulation which uses a frequency spreading method as a modulation technique. So-called chirp pulses are sent as symbols, which increase or decrease in LoRa frequency continuously over time. The data transmission is then realized by the sequential sequence of these chirp pulses.

Special properties

Since LoRa works in the ISM frequency bands (433 MHz, 868 MHz and 915 MHz), the radiated transmission power is limited. In order to have a larger radio range than conventional modulation types such as To achieve FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), the receiver sensitivity has been significantly improved with LoRa. The LoRa receiver can still successfully receive and decode a useful LoRa signal up to 20 dB below the noise level, which results in a receiver sensitivity of a maximum of -149 dBm. Compared to the maximum FSK sensitivity of approx. –125 dBm to -130 dBm, LoRa offers a significant improvement. With the FSK receiver, the signal can only be successfully decoded if the useful signal is approx.

Thanks to the property that LoRa can still successfully receive a useful signal up to 20 dB below the noise level, the robustness to radio interference is significantly better than that of FSK. FSK systems only work correctly if the interference signal is at least 10 dB weaker than the useful signal. In the best case, LoRa systems can still receive the useful signal if the interference signal is 20 dB stronger than the useful signal.

Limitations

From the graphic above you can see that LoRa can receive about 30 dB weaker signals than with FSK. However, there are two restrictions that somewhat relativize this big difference.

• First, the LoRa modulation is broadband than the FSK modulation, which means that the noise level of the LoRa receiver is generally higher than that of the FSK receiver. Specifically, doubling the bandwidth increases the noise level by 3 dB. • Secondly, LoRa can only receive a useful signal up to 20 dB below the noise level at very slow data rates of ≤ 0.5 kbit / s. As soon as the data rate is increased, either the negative signal-to-noise ratio increases further towards zero or the bandwidth has to be increased further, which in turn increases the noise level.

Comparison measurement between LoRa and FSK

To find out how good LoRa really is, a direct comparison between LoRa and FSK should be carried out. For this purpose, our previously used standard FSK transceivers (CC1020 and CC1101) are compared with the data from the LoRa / FSK transceiver SX1261.

TransceiverModulation

Max sensitivity according to the datasheet

Data rateRX- bandwidth

CC1020FSK-118 dBm2.4 kBit/s12.5 kHz

CC1101FSK-116 dBm0.6 kBit/s58 kHz

SX1261FSK-125 dBm0.6 kBit/s4 kHz

SX1261LoRa-149.2 dBm0.02 kBit/s8 kHz

According to the information from the datasheets, LoRa achieves at least a 24dB better maximum sensitivity than with the best FSK transceiver (SX1261). Compared to the old FSK transceivers (CC1020 and CC1101), the maximum sensitivity is even 31 or 33 dB better. Since it can be assumed that the radio range can be doubled for every 10 dB more sensitivity, a 4 to 8 times the radio range should be possible with LoRa compared to FSK.

However, it is also noticeable that the maximum LoRa sensitivity is achieved with an extremely slow data rate of only 0.02 kbit / s. In order to obtain a direct, meaningful comparison between the different transceivers, the sensitivity of all transceivers is determined at the same data rate. According to Semtech's manufacturer, LoRa would have to achieve about 7 to 10 dB more sensitivity at the same data rate as FSK.

The SX1261 transceiver with LoRa modulation achieves 4 - 6 dB more sensitivity than with FSK modulation. In comparison to the CC1020 8 - 11 dB and in comparison to the CC1101 13 - 17 dB more sensitivity is achieved. It is striking that the lower the data rate is chosen, the more sensitivity gain can be achieved with LoRa.

Another view shows the energy-saving potential of LoRa. In order to achieve the same sensitivity as with FSK, approximately 4 times the data rate can be used with LoRa. The same radio telegram thus becomes 4 times shorter and the energy consumption also drops by a factor of 4.

Conclusion:

As with all radio transceivers, the maximum LoRa sensitivity of -149 dBm is only achieved at the lowest data rate. This data rate for LoRa is only approx. 0.02 kbit / s and is therefore unusable for many applications. However, if such low data rates can be used, 4 times the radio range is theoretically possible compared to modern FSK transceivers.

If the LoRa data rate is increased to 1.2 kBit / s to 10 kBit / s, LoRa achieves approx. 4-6 dB more sensitivity compared to modern FSK transceivers. Compared to older FSK transceivers such as the CC1101 or CC1020, the radio range can even be doubled or tripled with LoRa.

There is an interesting energy-saving option in applications where the current FSK sensitivity was sufficient. If the same sensitivity is to be achieved with LoRa, the data rate can be increased by a factor of 4 compared to FSK, whereby the energy consumption can also be reduced by a factor of 4.

For us, LoRa technology represents an interesting alternative for applications with data rates up to 10 kbit / s, since the radio range can be increased massively compared to the older transceivers. Of particular interest to us is the possibility of connecting to the LoRaWAN network, as this means that IoT applications can be connected to the Internet practically anywhere.

With our LoRa module "TRX433-70" we are ready for future innovative LoRa projects.

Radio transmission with LoRa

The meter readings, switching commands and other information can be transmitted from the concentrator module to the router and back in a variety of ways. If the wired transmission is not possible or too expensive, radio transmission with LoRa can be an alternative for remote reading.

The LoRa radio standard

LoRa stands for Long Range, i.e. high (radio) range and is an alternative radio standard to the known technologies such as UMTS or LTE. In many countries, LoRa has already established itself as the basis for a communication standard in the so-called Internet of Things (IoT), for machine-to-machine (M2M) communication and for industry and smart city applications.

The LoRa radio standard, like other radio technologies, uses the free LoRa frequency bands from the license-free ISM bands (Industrial, Scientific and Medical). In Europe, these are the bands in the 433 and 868 MHz range. By using a special radio procedure, the so-called frequency spread, the technology is almost immune to interference. The range between transmitter and receiver is between 2 and 15 km, depending on the environment and built-up area. Due to the high sensitivity of -137 dBm, high penetration of buildings can be achieved. The radio signals penetrate deep into the interior of buildings and basements. Especially at campsites where the metallic covers of the caravans and mobile homes often weaken the signal strength of WLAN, radio transmission with LoRa is superior here. The data rate at LoRa is between 0.3 and 50 kbit / s.

Applications for LoRa

LoRa is mainly used in applications in which very little data is to be transmitted over a long distance in a very energy-saving manner. These data are usually measured values, status signals or manipulated values.

Differences between WLAN, LoRa and mobile radio

WLAN and mobile radio are designed to transmit large amounts of data. Relatively short ranges are accepted. LoRa, on the other hand, is optimized for the transmission of small amounts of data over large distances. The following table shows some differences between the different radio standards.

LoRaWAN (long range wide area network)

Low Power WANs (LPWANs) are network concepts for the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine-to-machine communication (M2M). LPWANs are characterized by the fact that they can cover distances of up to 50 km and require very little energy. There are several technical approaches to realizing the LPWANs. One from ETSI: ETSI GS LTN, other names are LoRaWAN, Weightless and RPMA, which stands for Random Phase Multiple Access.

So that the bridgeable distance is not impaired too much by the free space attenuation, some of the LPWAN concepts mentioned use frequencies in ISM bands at 433 MHz and 868 MHz. Few also work in the ISM band at 2.4 GHz.

For example, as regards SigFox as LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network), it uses the ISM band at 868 MHz (USA 915 MHz) in Europe. The bridgeable distance range is over 5 km in the urban area and over 15 km outside the city. There are also radio transceivers in the LoRa frequency range of 2.4 GHz with which a range of 10 km can be bridged. LoRa transmission is a combination of Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) and Software Defined Radio (SDR). A key advantage is that signals that are up to 20 dB below the noise level can still be detected. The LoRaWAN concept supports bidirectional communication, mobility and location-based services.

The end devices are connected to a base station, which in turn receives the information encrypted from a backbone via TCP / IP and the SSL protocol. To ensure that the battery life of the end components is as long as possible, all data rates and the RF output signals are managed by the LoRaWAN network and the end components are controlled via an adaptive data rate (ADR). There are three-terminal device classes: Class A devices can communicate bidirectionally and have a planned transmission window in the uplink, class B devices also have a planned transmission window in the downlink and the transmission window for class C devices is continuously open. The LoRaWAN technology is standardized by the LoRa Alliance.

LoRaWan - Framework for wireless networks

LoRaWan is a specification and describes a framework for wireless networks. It is used in networks with little data traffic, for example in sensor networks. LoRaWan (LongRangeWideAreaNetwork) is a so-called LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) protocol. This article shows the frequencies used by LoRaWan and the available classes of end devices.

LoRa frequency varies in different regions of the world. However, it is necessary here to get more information before starting up a LoRa device in order to set the correct frequency. The following table shows the correct frequencies for each country or continent:

LoRaWan is also treated like a star topology. Gateways forward messages from the end devices to a specific access server. The gateways are connected via the standard server via standard internet connections.

Bidirectional devices There are three main bidirectional classes handled by End:

Class A

The uplink data always originate from the end device. The uplink message is followed by 2 short reception windows for downlink messages. These downlink messages can also be included for confirmation messages as well as for device parameters. Since the communication between the terminal and the gateway will only ever be from the terminal, there may be a waiting time between the detailed new device parameters and the implementation of the terminal.

Between the actual transmission time contacts, Class A devices can put their LoRa module completely in an energy-saving mode. This will change energy efficiency.

Class B

Class B, others to class A's fault windows, become further reception windows. Class B devices are synchronized via cyclically sent beacons. These beacons are used to communicate, and other reception windows are open at other times. The loss is that the latency can be determined in advance, the loss of energy consumption as a component number. However, the energy consumption remains low enough for battery-operated applications.

Class C

Class C significantly reduces the latency for the downlink, since the receiving window of the end device is always heard as long as the device itself does not give any messages. For this reason, the trusted server can start a downlink transmission. A time change between class A and C is particularly important in battery-powered legal contracts, for example, "firmware-over-the-air" updates.

This article is from https://www.mokosmart.com/lora-frequency/

Follow and know us more on https://www.mokosmart.com/ if you’re interested in developing LoRa products!

[businessconsultingarticle]

Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) Market Outlook by Demand, Technology & Trends To 2026

The report analyzes the leading players of the global Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) market by inspecting their market share, recent developments, new product launches, partnerships, mergers, or acquisitions, and their target markets. This report also includes an exhaustive analysis of their product profiles to explore the products and applications their operations are concentrated on in the global Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) market. Additionally, the report gives two distinct market forecasts, one from the perspective of the producer and another from that of the consumer. It also offers valuable recommendations for new as well as established players of the global Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) market. It also provides beneficial insights for both new as well as established players of the global Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) market.

Request FREE sample report in PDF format available @ https://www.marketexpertz.com/sample-enquiry-form/45370

Major Players in Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) market are: Semtech Corporation, AT&T Inc, Cisco Systems, Huawei Technologies, Actility, Ingenu, Loriot, Waviot, Link Labs Inc, Weightless Sig, SIGFOX, Senet Inc, Ubiik

Scope of the Report: The all-encompassing research weighs up on various aspects including but not limited to important industry definition, product applications, and product types. The pro-active approach towards analysis of investment feasibility, significant return on investment, supply chain management, import and export status, consumption volume and end-use offers more value to the overall statistics on the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) market. All factors that help business owners identify the next leg for growth are presented through self-explanatory resources such as charts, tables, and graphic images.

Market by Type

·         SIGFOX

·         LoRaWAN

·         Weigthless

·         NB-IoT

·         Others

Market by Application

·         Smart City

·         Transportation and Logistics

·         Healthcare Applications

·         Others

Major Regions that plays a vital role in LPWAN market are: - North America - Europe - China - Japan - Middle East & Africa - India - South America - Others

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Understanding the market size  The size of the Low Power Wide Area Network market is viewed in terms of the Share of Market, Total Available Market as well as Served Available Market. Not only does the study present the combined revenue for a particular market but also the market size for a specific geographic region. Analysis of percentage or the size of the Total Available Market based on the type of product, technology, regional constraints and others form an important part of the Low Power Wide Area Network report.  Exploring growth rate over a period Business owners looking to scale up their business can refer this report that contains data regarding the rise in sales within a given consumer base for the forecast period, 2019 to 2026. Product owners can use this information along with the driving factors such as demographics and revenue generated from other products discussed in the report to get a better analysis of their products and services. Besides, the research analysts have compared the market growth rate with the product sales to enable business owners to determine the success or failure of a specific product or service.

Ask for discount @ https://www.marketexpertz.com/discount-enquiry-form/45370

The study objectives of this report are: - To analyze and study the global Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) capacity, production, value, consumption, status (2013-2019) and forecast (2019-2026); - Focuses on the key Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) manufacturers, to study the capacity, production, value, market share and development plans in future. - Focuses on the global key manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the market competition landscape, SWOT analysis. - To define, describe and forecast the market by type, application and region. - To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks. - To identify significant trends and factors driving or inhibiting the market growth. - To analyze the opportunities in the market for stakeholders by identifying the high growth segments. - To strategically analyze each submarket with respect to individual growth trend and their contribution to the market - To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market - To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.

Key elements from table of content: 7 Profile of Leading Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) Players 7.1 Semtech Corporation 7.1.1 Company Snapshot 7.1.2 Product/Business Offered 7.1.3 Business Performance (Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share) 7.1.4 Strategy and SWOT Analysis 7.2 AT&T Inc 7.3 Cisco Systems 7.4 Huawei Technologies 7.5 Actility 7.6 Ingenu 7.7 Loriot 7.8 Waviot 7.9 Link Labs Inc 7.10 Weightless Sig Continued…

Browse the report description @ https://www.marketexpertz.com/industry-overview/low-power-wide-area-network-lpwan-market

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[g-nicerf]

Frequency range: 433/470/868/915MHz 

Working voltage range: 2.9~5.5V 

Temperature voltage: -40~85℃ 

Output power: 22dBm

[four-faith]

Four Faith Supports Deployment of LoRaWAN Water Meter Monitoring Service in India

Xiamen Four-Faith Communication Technology Co., Ltd. (referred to as FourFaith) is a national high-tech enterprise, a leading technology giant, and the world’s leading Internet of Things communication equipment and solution service provider. FourFaith’s LoRa® devices and the LoRaWAN® protocol into its smart water metering solutions to enabling public utility companies in India to improve efficiency and reduce management costs.

It is an ideal IoT platform for smart metering with its easy to deploy, long-range, and flexible capabilities. FourFaith LoRa-based water metering solution allows our water supply customers to reduce operating costs, improve the efficiency of meter reading management and save water resources.

For the water meter monitoring project in India for the government, the communication arrange is about several kilometers and houses are concentrated. It is not easy to get a power source because most of the water meters are installed outside the wall.

There are the project requirements:

1. Low power consumption, can be powered by battery for years.

2. Auto report water meter for a fixed time, can be pre-configured.

3. Small size, can be easily embedded into water meter...

For more information, please visit: https://www.fourfaith.com/water-meter-monitoring-service.html

[iotdunia-blog]

Understanding IoT- Internet of Things

An IoT platform, in other words, the learning internet of things is pretty simple automation of connected devices within the capacity of the Internet of Things Universe. If you are typing in queries like what is IoT platform, on Google, then it is nothing but connects diverse hardware to the cloud via utilizing flexible connectivity options, broad data processing powers, as well as, enterprise-grade security mechanisms, as well.

If you are a developer, then, IoT platform is ideal for you because of its ready-to-use features. It can enhance the speed of application development for different connected devices, and also takes care of the scalability of multiple device compatibility.

In this manner, an IoT platform can be wearing various caps relying upon what you look like at it. It is usually alluded to as middleware when we talk about how it associates remote gadgets to client applications (or different devices) and deals with every one of the communications between the equipment and the application layers. It is otherwise called a cloud enablement stage or IoT enablement stage to pinpoint its significant business esteem, that is engaging standard gadgets with cloud-based applications and administrations. At long last, under the name of the IoT application enablement stage, it moves the concentration to be a critical apparatus for IoT designers.

IoT stages began as IoT middleware, which reason for existing was to work as a go-between the equipment and application layers. Its essential assignments included information gathering from the gadgets over various conventions and system topologies, remote gadget design and control, device the executives, and over-the-air firmware refreshes.

To be utilized, in actuality, heterogeneous IoT environments, IoT middleware is relied upon to help to join with practically any associated gadget and mix in with outsider applications used by the device. This autonomy from original equipment and overhanging programming permits a single IoT stage to deal with any associated gadget in the equivalent clear manner.

Current learning internet of things stages go further and present an assortment of essential highlights into the equipment and application layers too. They give parts to frontend and investigation, on-gadget information preparing, and cloud-based sending. Some of them can deal with start to finish IoT arrangement execution from the beginning.

In the four commonplace layers of the IoT stack, which are things, network, centre IoT highlights, and applications and examination, a top-of-the-extend IoT stage ought to give you most of IoT usefulness required for building up your associated gadgets and savvy things.

Your gadgets interface with the stage, which sits in the cloud or your on-premises server farm, either legitimately or by utilizing an IoT entryway. A door comes valuable at whatever point your endpoints aren't able to do direct cloud correspondence or, for instance, you need some registering force anxious. You can likewise utilize an IoT passage to change over conventions, for example, when your endpoints are in LoRaWan organize yet you need them to speak with the cover over MQTT.

Significantly, the best learning internet of things enables you to include your very own industry-explicit segments and outsider applications. Without such adaptability, adjusting an IoT stage for a specific business situation could bear the noteworthy additional expense and defer the arrangement conveyance uncertainly.

Source: https://uberant.com/article/608687-understanding-iot-internet-of-things-/