#louis duke of berry

[unanchored-ship]

I made little William and Mary gremlins... they've been in my head for a while now :3

[illustratus]

Le Bal des Ardents by Georges Rochegrosse

The Bal des Ardents (Ball of the Burning Men), also called Bal des Sauvages (Ball of the Wild Men)

[thepastisalreadywritten]

Illuminated Manuscripts

“Christ Kneeling in Prayer in the Garden of Gethsemene” (c. 1475 France, Loire Valley)

Illuminated manuscripts embody the extraordinary union of beauty and knowledge.

Though the art of making them disappeared with the advent of the printing press, the most spectacular manuscripts survived the ages.

Here are 8 masterworks of medieval illumination: 🧵

1. The Morgan Crusader Bible, 13th century

Commissioned by French King Louis IX, the Morgan Crusader Bible depicts events from the Hebrew Bible set in the scenery and attire of 13th-century France — it puts a medieval twist on Old Testament stories.

Consisting of 46 folios, the manuscript displays illustrations accompanied by text written in either Latin, Persian, Arabic, or Hebrew.

The vivid colors and attention to detail make it one of the most popular illuminated manuscripts.

2. The Black Hours, 15th century

The Black Hours is a book of hours (a type of prayer book) created in Bruges, Belgium.

The style is in imitation of Wilhelm Vrelant, the most popular illuminator of the period and constructed of vellum (calfskin) that’s been dyed pitch black.

Gold and blue paint overlay the dark background to create an almost otherworldly look.

Written in silver and gold ink, the text lists the prayers to be said while depictions of Bible stories aid the reader in meditation.

3. Book of Kells, 9th century

Among the most iconic medieval manuscripts is the Book of Kells.

Created in a Columban monastery, the text is the pinnacle of early medieval calligraphy and illumination.

The graphics are a blend of insular art (the post-Roman era style of art popular in Irish monasteries) and traditional Christian iconography.

Plants, animals, Celtic knots, and biblical figures decorate the 680 page volume to tell the story of Jesus’ life.

4. Codex Argenteus, 6th century

Latin for “Silver Book,” the Codex Argenteus contains the four gospels written in Gothic, making it one of the world’s foremost sources for the now-extinct language.

The book was likely written as a gift for Ostrogothic king, Theodoric the Great.

The work is particularly striking due to its purple-stained vellum pages, metallic ink, and silver binding. Looks almost Tolkienesque…

5. Acre Bible, 13th Century

Another work commissioned by Louis IX, the Acre Bible was compiled shortly after the king’s release from captivity during the disastrous 7th crusade.

Upon returning to France, he deposited the masterwork in his newly built Sainte-Chapelle library.

It contains 19 books of the Old Testament, and its illustrations are considered masterpieces of crusader art.

6. The Aberdeen Bestiary, 12-13th century

A bestiary is essentially an encyclopedia of animals and mythical beasts.

They gained popularity throughout the Middle Ages as readers could learn about exotic animals or mythical creatures.

This one was owned by Henry VIII and features a retelling of the Genesis creation story with fantastical images of creatures both real and imagined.

7. The Very Rich Hours of the Duke of Berry, 15th century

The best surviving example of the International Gothic style of illumination, it’s one of the most lavishly designed late-medieval manuscripts and contains well over 100 illustrations.

Despite beautiful scenes covering most of its pages, the work didn’t shy away from darker imagery.

8. The Berthold Sacramentary, 13th century

Commissioned by the abbot of Weingarten Abbey, this manuscript is a form of missal called a sacramentary used by priests for liturgical services.

A sacramentary gives the priest's readings and prayers for the Mass. This one is a paragon of Romanesque art.

[the-empress-7]

It's Wimbeldon anon🤗

I'm tired, sleepy and did I mention tired?

I have to tell you that this was our smoothest Wimbledon experience of all time. I actually had fun at work for once. The Prince and Princess of Wales were darlings and Catherine gifted homemade berry jam (someone said it was strawberry, the other person said raspberry but I didn't get to see the, anyway, they agree it was some kind of berry). The children are dolls, very sweet and very kind. Obviously, just like any children, they got very tired but they didn't have meltdowns, they just went to the lounge and rested for a bit. Btw, Charlotte loves strawberry tarts and George seems to be fond of anything chocolate. The Princess was magnificent as a hostess as always and promised to bring even more family members next years. Carole and Michael Middleton didn't attend this year because they are busy with renovations, according to Catherine. I was really sad because they are lovely and generous people and Michael is the ultimate tennis encyclopedia.

I hope you all enjoyed the documentary, I was there when the drills were filmed and I'm convinced Catherine is 99% muscle. The Prince told us we can expect little Prince Louis to join as soon as he's old enough. He said he loves immitating the players with his toy racket and my heart melted.

The only "issue" we had this year were the Grosvenors, the Duke and his fiancee were supposed to sit in the royal box for the Gentlemen's Finale but they were a no-show. We called, e-mailed but no one responded at the time and they told us they couldn't make it at the end which was a bit odd since the Duke told us his fiancee is fond of certain beverages and foods so we made sure we had them in stock. It's rather odd for them to cancel last minute and to be frank, innapropriate. The King of Spain decided to come last minute as well and we had to scramble and the two of them not showing up made it possible for us to rearrange the box.

Until next year💚💜🤍

Wimbledon anon, what an amazing Wimbledon it was this year! And omg thank you for sharing so many amazing tidbits with us. This post is not tea, but a warm cup of cocoa instead. Also how is your precious angel? Sending love to you little family 🫶

PS I wonder if Hugh and his fiancée had some emergency come up, but it would have been nice to see them.

[dutch-and-flemish-painters]

Jacques-Albert Senave - Sales rooms at the Elysée Palace in Paris in 1797 - 1797

The Élysée Palace (French: Palais de l'Élysée) is the official residence of the President of the French Republic. Completed in 1722, it was built for nobleman and army officer Louis Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, who had been appointed Governor of Île-de-France in 1719. It is located on the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré near the Champs-Élysées in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, the name Élysée deriving from the Elysian Fields, the place of the blessed dead in Greek mythology. Important foreign visitors are hosted at the nearby Hôtel de Marigny, a palatial residence.

The palace has been the home of personalities such as Madame de Pompadour (1721–1764), Nicolas Beaujon (1718–1786), Bathilde d'Orléans (1750–1822), Joachim Murat (1767–1815), and Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry (1778–1820). On 12 December 1848 under the Second Republic the French Parliament passed a law declaring the building the official residence of the President of France. The Élysée Palace, which contains the presidential office and residency, is also the meeting place of the Council of Ministers, the weekly meeting of the Government of France presided over by the President of the Republic.

Jacques-Albert Senave (1758–1823) was a Flemish painter mainly active in Paris during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is known for his genre scenes, history paintings, landscapes, city views, market scenes and portraits.

[arcadianambivalence]

Les Mis Letters - 1.3.1 - The Year 1817

It’s the chapter that feels like the literary equivalent of “We Didn’t Start the Fire,” so I thought the best summary would be through song…

Restoration, monarchy, and the French Academy  The third book of Les Miserables starts with context  From gibbet to the guillotine, headlines lay the scene  Of 1817 and all that will come next.

Mathurin Bruneau (Not a Louis? Gotta go!)  Berri for Sicily fell, Brugiere is a hot sell  Napoleon is turning green; Louis, Number Eighteen  Picard at the Odeon until the curtain fell.

It’s book three of the novel  We just met Valjean, and now we’re moving on  It’s book three of the novel  Until we meet Fantine, it’s 1817.

Abbé Louis: Finance; Talleyran: Chambellan  Pellegrini, Bigottini, Potier, applause  Lord Byron, Saint-Simon, David d'Angers rock on!  Selves to Egypt goes, Colonel to Pasha.

Madame Saqui goes on tour; Prussians from the last war  Cardinal Fesch won’t give up yet, (a Bonaparte, I’ll bet)  Felicite de La Minais, another Bossuet  Fabvier in Lyon, Civil Code is going strong.

It’s book three of the novel  We just met Valjean, and now we’re moving on  It’s book three of the novel  Until we meet Fantine, it’s 1817.

Divorce gets the sack, Catholic church is coming back  Hotel de Cluny, La Harpe and Thermes  Riverside Conspiracy, Black Pin goes free  Cafe Lembin has their champ, Valois in the Bourbon camp.

Elba to St. Helena, everyone is telling ya  The Meduse quite a mess, Gericault a success  Steamboat (useless thing), fossils and piety  French Academy theme: Happy when you study.

It’s book three of the novel  We just met Valjean, and now we’re moving on  It’s book three of the novel  Until we meet Fantine, it’s 1817.

Paer plays L’Agnese for the Duke of Orleans  Loyson getting old, envy grows bold  Charles Dauton lost his head, Ourika is being read  Blue ribbons, big hems, powdered wigs are out again  Austerlitz is being changed, government is rearranged  Getting over awful weather in our new morocco leather!

No divorce, you’re stuck with me; traitors land on their feet  General Bourmont, Bonapartist? (or not?)  Pierre-Paul Royer-Collard wants baser to stay small  Gregoire wants in parliament, can’t the man just take a hint?

Two years from the Hundred Days, a few years from the new craze. Flotsam floats confusedly, pell-mell through history Parisians now take the stage, arranging a fine game. Where’s Valjean? Who’s Fantine? Someone say before I scream!

It’s book three of the novel We just met Valjean, and now we’re moving on It’s book three of the novel Back to Jean Valjean As Victor Hugo tangents on, and on, and on, and on, and on, and on, and on…

…

A big thanks to The Siècle Podcast’s research that made this random idea possible:

http://thesiecle.com/supplemental11/

[princesscatherinemiddleton]

The Princess of Wales' Year in Review: June

June 2nd - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Prince George, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Louis attended Trooping the Colour, the first engagement of The Queen's Platinum Jubilee. While William participated in the parade, Catherine and the children rode in a carriage with The Duchess of Cornwall. The five Cambridges joined the other working royals on the Buckingham Palace balcony to watch a flypast June 3rd - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge joined members of the royal family at a National Service of Thanksgiving for Her Majesty’s Platinum Jubilee in St Paul’s Cathedral. They then attended a reception given by the Lord Mayor of London at Guildhall. During the day, Catherine visited her patronage, Evelina London, to meet with children and families who would be unable to participate in the jubilee celebrations otherwise June 4th - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Prince George and Princess Charlotte visited Cardiff Castle, and watched a practice of a later 'jubilee concert'. They also later attended the BBC Concert at Buckingham Palace to celebrate The Queen’s Platinum Jubilee June 5th - Kensington Palace released photographs of Catherine, George, Charlotte, and Louis baking cakes for the Big Jubilee Lunch. Later that morning, William and Catherine made an unexpected visited at the Kensington Memorial Garden street party. That afternoon, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Prince George, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Louis attended the Platinum Jubilee Pageant, before joining the Prince of Wales, the Duchess of Cornwall and HM The Queen on the balcony of Buckingham Palace for the finale of the Platinum Jubilee June 7th - The Duchess of Cambridge, in her role as Patron of the Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, held a video meeting with Professor Eamon McCrory, Dr Alain Grégoire, and Kelly Beaver. In the same role, she then held an Early Years Meeting. Finally, she received Lady Pinsent, Trustee of the Royal Foundation June 8th - The Duchess of Cambridge, Patron of the Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, visited Little Village June 13th - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge attended a Chapter of the Most Noble Order of the Garter June 14th - The Duchess of Cambridge, Patron of the Maternal Mental Health Alliance UK, held a video meeting with Dr Alain Gregoire, Luciana Berger and Laura Seebohm. Later, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge attended the Grenfell Tower Five Year Memorial Service June 16th - The Duchess of Cambridge, joint Patron of the Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, hosted a Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood Meeting June 17th - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge attended Day 4 of the Royal Ascot June 21st - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, joint Patrons of the Royal Foundation of The Duke & Duchess of Cambridge, held a video meeting with Lord Hague, Simon Patterson and Amanda Berry. Catherine later held an Early Years Meeting, in the same role. The Duchess of Cambridge also released a statement in honour of Children's Hospice Week June 22nd - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge visited Brixton House Theatre. They then attended the unveiling of the National Windrush Monument at Waterloo Railway Station June 23rd - The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge undertook an away day in Cambridge. The couple first visited the Fitzwilliam Museum, where they unveiled a new portrait of themselves, painted by Jamie Coreth. Afterwards, they visited the Milton branch of the East Anglia Children’s Hospice (EACH is a Patronage for the Duchess of Cambridge). They then visited Jimmy’s Cambridge, a community-based charity focusing on homelessness. Finally, the couple attended Cambridgeshire County Day at Newmarket July Course June 24th - Kensington Palace released photographs of the Duchess of Cambridge visiting army bases in November 2021 in honour of Armed Forces Day

[pazzesco]

A Great Day in Harlem

A Great Day in Harlem or Harlem 1958 is a black-and-white photograph of 57 jazz musicians in Harlem, New York, taken by freelance photographer Art Kane for Esquire magazine on August 12, 1958.

It has been called "the most iconic photograph in jazz history"

Here's the highest resolution I could find followed by the legend.

01 – Hilton Jefferson, 02 – Benny Golson, 03 – Art Farmer, 04 – Wilbur Ware, 05 – Art Blakey, 06 – Chubby Jackson, 07 – Johnny Griffin, 08 – Dickie Wells, 09 – Buck Clayton, 10 – Taft Jordan, 11 – Zutty Singleton, 12 – Red Allen, 13 – Tyree Glenn, 14 – Miff Molo, 15 – Sonny Greer, 16 – Jay C. Higginbotham, 17 – Jimmy Jones, 18 – Charles Mingus, 19 – Jo Jones, 20 – Gene Krupa, 21 – Max Kaminsky, 22 – George Wettling, 23 – Bud Freeman, 24 – Pee Wee Russell, 25 – Ernie Wilkins, 26 – Buster Bailey, 27 – Osie Johnson, 28 – Gigi Gryce, 29 – Hank Jones, 30 – Eddie Locke, 31 – Horace Silver, 32 – Luckey Roberts, 33 – Maxine Sullivan, 34 – Jimmy Rushing, 35 – Joe Thomas, 36 – Scoville Browne, 37 – Stuff Smith, 38 – Bill Crump, 39 – Coleman Hawkins, 40 – Rudy Powell, 41 – Oscar Pettiford, 42 – Sahib Shihab, 43 – Marian McPartland, 44 – Sonny Rollins, 45 – Lawrence Brown, 46 – Mary Lou Williams, 47 – Emmett Berry, 48 – Thelonius Monk, 49 – Vic Dickenson, 50 – Milt Hinton, 51 – Lester Young, 52 – Rex Stewart, 53 – J.C. Heard, 54 – Gerry Mulligan, 55 – Roy Eldgridge, 56 – Dizzy Gillespie, 57 – Count Basie.

Notable absentees: Louis Armstrong, John Coltrane, and Miles Davis (all touring), Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Ella Fitzgerald, Billie Holiday, and Ben Webster were also not present.

[tideswept]

So~ I saw a couple of people doing this, and figured, why not? My tumblr is almost entirely Obikin/Hartwin focused atm, but I do ship other things! Rare ships! (Things that's hard to find content for tbh!)

So if you ever wonder/want to talk about other things--here's a handy list of Ships (And Related Series/Movie/Etc) Berry Will Cheerfully Listen To/And/Or Talk Your Ear Off About!

ANGEL SANCTUARY: Kira/Setsuna, Lucifer/Alexiel, Rosiel/Katan

BATMAN: Bruce/Dick

DOCTOR WHO: 9/Rose, 10/Rose

FAST & FURIOUS: Dom/Brian

FE3H: Byleth/Dimitri

FF13: Lightning/Hope

FFXIV: Emeth-Selch/WoL, Emet-Selch/Azem/Hythlodaeus, Sicard/Emmanellain

GANKUTSUOU: Edmond/Albert

GARO: Kouga/Kaoru/Rei

GENSHIN: Wriothesley/Neuvillette, Kazuha/Lumine, Ayato/Thoma, Fischl/Mona

HARRY POTTER: Snape/Harry, Tom Riddle/Harry, Sirius/Harry/Remus

HAVEN: Duke/Aubrey/Nate

HETALIA: Turkey/Greece, Greece/Spain, England/America, France/Spain

KINGDOM HEARTS: Riku/Sora, Riku/Namine, Roxas/Namine, Axel/Roxas, Terra/Ventus, Aqua/Cinderella

KINGSMAN: Harry/Eggsy, Merlin/Eggsy, Charlie/Eggsy

LABYRINTH: Jareth/Sarah

MARVEL: Bucky/Steve, Deadpool/Peter Parker, Loki/Thor

NARNIA: Lucy/Edmund, Caspian/Peter

NIER: 2B/9S

PERSONA: FeMC(Kotori)/Shinjiro, Yuu/Rise

RE4: Leon/Ashley

SHERLOCK: Mycroft/Lestrade

STAR WARS: Obi-Wan/Anakin, Qui-Gon/Anakin

THE MAGNUS ARCHIVES: Elias/Jon, Tim/Jon, Peter/Jon

THE MUMMY: Ardeth/Jonathan

THE SORCERER'S APPRENTICE: Balthazar/Dave

THE VAMPIRE CHRONICLES: Lestat/Louis, Armand/Daniel, Marius/Daniel

TSUKIUTA: You/Yoru, Arata/Aoi

TWEWY: Josh/Neku

TWIN PEAKS: Cooper/Audrey

X-MEN: Charles/Erik, Rogue/Gambit

I'm probably forgetting quite a few, but uhhh this is pretty darn long already.

[palecleverdoll]

Ages of French Princesses at First Marriage

I have only included women whose birth dates and dates of marriage are known within at least 1-2 years, therefore, this is not a comprehensive list.

This list is composed of princesses of France until the end of the House of Bourbon; it does not include Bourbon claimants or descendants after 1792.

The average age at first marriage among these women was 15.

Judith of Flanders, daughter of Charles the Bald: age 12 when she married Æthelwulf, King of Wessex in 856 CE

Rothilde, daughter of Charles the Bald: age 19 when she married Roger, Count of Maine in 890 CE

Emma of France, daughter of Robert I: age 27 when she married Rudolph of France in 921 CE

Matilda of France, daughter of Louis IV: age 21 when she married Conrad I of Burgundy in 964 CE

Hedwig of France, daughter of Hugh Capet: age 26 when she married Reginar IV of Hainault in 996 CE

Gisela of France, daughter of Hugh Capet: age 26 when she married Hugh of Ponthieu in 994 CE

Hedwig of France, daughter of Robert II: age 13 when she married Renauld I, Count of Nevers in 1016 CE

Adela of France, daughter of Robert II: age 18 when she married Richard III of Normandy in 1027 CE

Constance of France, daughter of Philip I: age 16 when she married Hugh I, Count of Troyes in 1094 CE

Cecile of France, daughter of Philip I: age 9 when she married Tancred, Prince of Galilee in 1106 CE

Constance of France, daughter of Louis VI: age 14 when she married Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne in 1140 CE

Marie of France, daughter of Louis VII: age 14 when she married Henry I, Count of Champagne, in 1159 CE

Alice of France, daughter of Louis VII: age 14 when she married Theobald V, Count of Blois in 1164 CE

Margaret of France, daughter of Louis VII: age 14 when she married Henry the Young King in 1172 CE

Alys of France, daughter of Louis VII: age 35 when she married William IV of Ponthieu in 1195 CE

Agnes of France, daughter of Louis VII: age 8 when she married Alexios II Komnenos in 1180 CE

Marie of France, daughter of Philip II: age 13 when she married Philip I of Namur in 1211 CE

Isabella of France, daughter of Louis IX: age 14 when she married Theobald II of Navarre in 1255 CE

Blanche of France. daughter of Louis IX: age 16 when she married Ferdinand de la Cerda in 1269 CE

Margaret of France, daughter of Louis IX: age 16 when she married John I, Duke of Brabant in 1270 CE

Agnes of France, daughter of Louis IX: age 19 when she married Robert II, Duke of Burgundy in 1279 CE

Blanche of France, daughter of Philip III: age 22 when she married Rudolf III of Austria in 1300 CE

Margaret of France, daughter of Philip III: age 20 when she married Edward I of England in 1299 CE

Isabella of France, daughter of Philip IV: age 13 when she married Edward II of England in 1308 CE

Joan II of Navarre, daughter of Louis X: age 6 when she married Philip III of Navarre in 1318 CE

Joan III, daughter of Philip V: age 10 when she married Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy in 1318 CE

Margaret I, daughter of Philip V: age 10 when she married Louis I of Flanders in 1320 CE

Isabella of France, daughter of Philip V: age 11 when she married Guigues VIII of Viennois in 1323 CE

Blanche of France, daughter of Charles IV: age 17 when she married Philip, Duke of Orleans in 1345 CE

Joan of Valois, daughter of John II: age 9 when she married Charles II of Navarre in 1352 CE

Marie of France, daughter of John II: age 20 when she married Robert I, Duke of Bar in 1364 CE

Isabella, daughter of John II: age 12 when she married Gian Geleazzo Visconti in 1360 CE

Catherine of France, daughter of Charles V: age 8 when she married John of Berry, Count of Montpensier in 1386 CE

Isabella of Valois, daughter of Charles VI: age 6 when she married Richard II of England in 1396 CE

Joan of France, daughter of Charles VI: age 5 when she married John V, Duke of Brittany in 1396 CE

Michelle of Valois, daughter of Charles VI: age 14 when she married Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1409 CE

Catherine of Valois, daughter of Charles VI: age 19 when she married Henry V of England in 1420 CE

Catherine of France, daughter of Charles VII: age 12 when she married Charles I, Duke of Burgundy in 1440 CE

Joan of France, daughter of Charles VII: age 12 when she married John II , Duke of Bourbon in 1447 CE

Yolande of Valois, daughter of Charles VII: age 18 when she married Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy in 1452 CE

Magdalena of Valois, daughter of Charles VII: age 18 when she married Gaston, Prince of Viana in 1461 CE

Anne of France, daughter of Louis XI: age 12 when she married Peter of Bourbon in 1473 CE

Joan of France, daughter of Louis XI: age 12 when she married Louis XII in 1476 CE

Claude of France, daughter of Louis XII: age 15 when she married Francis I in 1514 CE

Renée of France, daughter of Louis XII: age 18 when she married Ercole II d'Este in 1528 CE

Madeleine of Valois, daughter of Francis I: age 17 when she married James V of Scotland in 1537 CE

Margaret of Valois, daughter of Francis I: age 36 when she married Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy in 1559 CE

Elisabeth of Valois, daughter of Henry II: age 13 when she married Philip II of Spain in 1559 CE

Claude of Valois, daughter of Henry II: age 12 when she married Charles III, Duke of Lorraine in 1559 CE

Margaret of Valois, daughter of Henry II: age 19 when she married Henry IV in 1572 CE

Elisabeth of France, daughter of Henry IV: age 13 when she married Philip IV of Spain in 1615 CE

Christine of France, daughter of Henry IV: age 13 when she married Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy in 1619 CE

Henrietta Maria of France, daughter of Henry IV: age 16 when she married Charles I of England in 1625 CE

Louise Élisabeth of France, daughter of Louis XV: age 12 when she married Philip, Duke of Parma in 1739 CE

Marie-Thérèse, daughter of Louis XVI: age 21 when she married Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême in 1799 CE

[anythingeverythingm]

Day 5: Isabeau of Bavaria

Isabeau of Bavaria (also spelled Isabelle or Elisabeth)

Born: c. 1370 Died: September 1435

Parents: Stephen III of Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Taddea Visconti of Milan. Queen of France Children: Isabella, Queen of England Joan, Duchess of Brittany Marie, Prioress of Poissy Michelle, Duchess of Burgundy Louis, Dauphin of Viennois John, Dauphin of Viennois Catherine, Queen of England Charles VII of France

Isabeau was the only daughter of Duke Stephen III of Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Taddea Visconti of Milan and granddaughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV.

Isabeau was sent to France at the suggestion of her uncle to be considered a potential bride for Charles VI of France. The teenaer was prepared by her aunt, taught French customs and received french styled dresses. She went to France on the pretext of a pilgrimage. Her father refused for her to be examined in nude as it was customary at the time. Upon arriving in France she impressed despite not speaking French or meeting the beauty standards of the time, it is likely she had Italian features like her mother. Charles seemed smitten with her moving up the wedding. The two were married in 1285. Isabeau was 15/16 at the time. Charles lavished her with gifts and visited her at Château de Vincennes where she resided while he was on a military campaign against England.

The coronation of Isabeau took place on 23 August 1389 with a grand ceremony. The procession lasted the whole day.

Charles suffered from an illness that caused him moments of insanity. Often he asked for Isabeau to be removed as he did not recognise her. Isabeau was accused of abandoning him when she moved her residence to Hôtel Barbette. Charles was provided with a mistress by his advisors but in his moment of lucidity he exchanged letters and gifts with Isabeu. His illness continued until his death.

In the 1390s Isabeau was made the guardian of the Dauphin and the co-guardian of their children. She was responsible for the education and protection of their son. As Charles’s bouts of illness were more frequent Isabeau became the leader of the regency council.

As Isabeau sided with the king’s brother, Orléans, in the conflict between him and the burgundians rumors started to circulate that they were lovers. John the Fearless, the new Duke of Burgundy after his father’s death, raised an army and entered Paris. Isabeau and Orléans retreated to the fortified castle of Melun with the royal children, however John took possession of the Dauphin. The Duke of Berry, the Dauphin’s uncle, took control of the child. The fact that Charles was lucid for about a month also helped. Isabeau was tasked with mediating the dispute.

After Orléans' assassination, Isabeau’s concern was the safety of the Dauphin, going as far as to convince Charles to give his 13 year old son power in the absence of the queen. Isabeau created alliances and switched sides in order to protect the heir to the throne. A double marriage was arranged in 1409 in order to diffuse tensions between burgundians and Orléanists in which Isabeau clearly defined the family hierarchy and her role.

Despite her best effort to stop a civil war, in 1411 the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War broke out. The dauphin, aged 15, did not have the power or a capable army to defeat John the Fearless. Isabeau allied herself with Charles of Orléans in 1414 instead of allowing her son, aged 18, to lead. The Dauphin changed sides. While the civil war continued, France suffered a blow from England at Agincourt in 1415. The Dauphin died in December 1415 leaving his 17 year old brother and burgundian supporter as heir. In 1417 the new heir died, the new Dauphin aged 14 was Isabeau's last son. He was a sympathizer of the Armagnacs. At the time Isabeau was imprisoned by Armagnac but was freed by the Duke of Burgundy. From that moment she supported the burgundians Treaty of Troyes in 1420.

At first, Isabeau was the sole regent but yielded her position to John the Fearless in January 1418. Together they took control of Paris and slaughtered the Armagnacs. The Dauphin fled the city. John was assassinated in a plot by Dauphin Charles. After the assassination he was disinherited.

By 1419 Henry V of England occupied most of Normandy. In 1420, in the absence of an heir, Isabeau accompanied King Charles to sign the Treaty of Troyes. Due to his illness, Isabeau signed the treaty. Their daughter, Catherine, went on to marry Henry V as part of the agreement.

Isabeau died in late September 1435 in Paris.

The accounts on her appearance are contradictory, some describing her as small and brunette others as tall and blonde. She spoke with a heavy German accent that made her stand out at the French court. She was a skilled diplomat, navigating court politics with ease. She interfed on several occasions on matters of great importance and foreign affairs. She mediated conflicts and was trusted by the king. Like most of the Valois, Isabeau had a fondness for art, loved jewelry and commissioned particularly beautiful pieces. She left many personal possessions and properties, in life and in her will, toNotre Dame, St. Denis, and the convent in Poissy. Isabeau was close with her children throughout their childhood and even after they were married. She kept them close to her, had them travel with her, bought them gifts and had her daughters educated.

[wonder-worker]

In order to prevent Blanca (II of Navarre) from opposing the terms of the treaty and her disinheritance, it was decided to send her north on the pretext of marrying Charles, Duke of Berri and brother of Magdalena and Louis XI. When Blanca rejected the idea of the match and refused to leave Navarre, she was taken by force. By April 23, she had reached the monastery of Roncesvalles, where she wrote a lengthy missive, protesting about her abduction, claiming “my father took me by force and contrary to my will.” In this document, Blanca repeatedly refers to herself as “the firstborn [eldest] and queen regnant and Lady and heiress of the said kingdom,” which she noted came to her through “the maternal line.” The princess castigated her father for his treatment of the Principe de Viana, claiming Juan had “forgotten the love and paternal duty” that he owed his eldest son. Blanca also blamed her sister and brother-in-law’s ambition to rule Navarre for her plight; “The said Count of Foix and his wife, my sister, are taking me to exile me and to disinherit me of my kingdom of Navarre.”

Blanca became increasingly desperate as she was taken further north, drafting appeals for help to her former husband, the King of Castile, her cousin the Count of Armagnac and the head of her Beaumont supporters. By April 30, she gave up her brave defense of her position as the rightful queen and attempted to donate her right to the crown to her ex-husband, Enrique of Castile, rather than see the kingdom go to her younger sister. Once Blanca reached the northern frontier of Navarre, she was transferred to the custody of the Captal de Buch and imprisoned in the castle of Orthez, a stronghold that belonged to her brother-in-law, Gaston of Foix.

Blanca’s removal did not quiet her supporters or end the struggle over the succession of the realm. Civil war still raged between the Beaumonts, who championed Blanca, and their rivals, the Agramonts, and matters had been made worse by Enrique of Castile’s decision to invade Navarre to press the claim to the throne that his ex-wife had bestowed on him. The Bishop of Pamplona attempted to resolve the situation with the Accord of Tafalla in late November 1464, which called for Blanca’s return to Navarre in order to settle the matter of the succession. Unfortunately, Blanca was unable to respond to the summons as she died, rather suspiciously, shortly afterward on December 2, 1464. Her sister Leonor has been repeatedly accused by chroniclers, historians, novelists, and other writers of being involved in Blanca’s death, although there is little definitive evidence to support this allegation. There is no doubt that Leonor had a motive for her sister’s murder, but Courteault has argued that given that only ten days lapsed between the ratification of the agreement and the death of the princess, it is difficult to claim that Blanca was killed specifically in response to the drafting of the accord. The eighteenth-century historian Enrique Flórez accurately summed up Blanca’s difficult position: “because [she] did not have the strength to maintain the right to the crown, she lost not only the kingdom, but her freedom and her life.

-Elena Woodacre, "The Queens Regnant of Navarre: Succession, Politics and Partnership, 1274-1512"

[aimeedaisies]

Court Circular | 17th June 2023

Buckingham Palace

His Majesty was present at The King’s Birthday Parade on Horse Guards Parade this morning at which The King’s Colour of the 1st Battalion Welsh Guards was Trooped.

The King was accompanied by The Queen (Colonel, Grenadier Guards), The Duke of Kent (Colonel, Scots Guards), The Prince of Wales (Colonel, Welsh Guards), The Princess of Wales (Colonel, Irish Guards), The Princess Royal (Gold Stick in Waiting and Colonel, The Blues and Royals, Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons) and The Duke of Edinburgh (Royal Honorary Colonel, 1st Battalion London Guards).

His Majesty was attended by Lieutenant General Sir Edward Smyth-Osbourne (Colonel, The Life Guards), Lieutenant General Sir James Bucknall (Colonel, Coldstream Guards) and Major General Christopher Ghika (Major General Commanding Household Division).

The Lord de Mauley (Master of the Horse), Colonel Toby Browne, Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Segrave, (Mounted Equerries in Waiting), Lieutenant Colonel Michael Vernon, Captain James Boggis-Rolfe (Dismounted Equerries in Waiting) and Colonel Mark Berry (The Life Guards, Silver Stick in Waiting) were in attendance.

Colonel Jeremy Bagshaw (Chief of Staff), Lieutenant Colonel Ralph Griffin (Silver Stick Adjutant) and the Household Division Staff were present.

The Procession was led by Lieutenant Colonel James Shaw, Grenadier Guards (Brigade Major Household Division).

The troops on Parade, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel John Livesey, Welsh Guards (Field Officer in Brigade Waiting), received The King with a Royal Salute.

The Queen, The Princess of Wales with Prince George of Wales, Princess Charlotte of Wales and Prince Louis of Wales, The Duchess of Edinburgh, The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, Vice Admiral Sir Tim Laurence and other Members of the Royal Family drove to Horse Guards Parade and witnessed The King’s Birthday Parade.

On the conclusion of the Parade, His Majesty rode back to Buckingham Palace at the head of The King’s Guard, preceded by The King’s Troop Royal Horse Artillery, under the command of Major Francesca Sykes, the Massed Mounted Bands of the Household Cavalry, the Sovereign’s Escort of the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment, under the command of Major William Charlesworth (The Blues and Royals, Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons), and the Massed Bands of the Guards Division.

On arrival at Buckingham Palace, The King’s Guard entered the Forecourt and formed up opposite the Old Guard, the remaining Guards marching past His Majesty. The Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment and The King’s Troop, Royal Horse Artillery ranked past The King.

His Majesty, from Buckingham Palace, witnessed a fly-past by aircraft of the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force, led by Wing Commander Noel Rees, to mark the official celebration of The King’s Birthday.

Royal Salutes were fired today by The King’s Troop Royal Horse Artillery in Green Park and from the Tower of London Saluting Battery by the Honourable Artillery Company, under the command of Captain Alexander Offer.

[cyberphuck]

I absolutely love when royal history podcasts are like “His Royal Highness Prince Ernest Humbert Humbert Louis Edward von Ferdinand Lolita Berries und Creamichan Howard Sheldon Leonard Kirk de Chapel the XXXLVNRRQIII, Duke of Camembert, Yorkshire, Sherry, East London, God Emperor of the Royal Commonwealth of England, France, Hanford, Hartford, Cherry Hill, Burbank, Port O’rico, Spain, Spayne, Pandora and Tatooine and Holder of the Keys to the Toyota 4runner, called ‘Bingus’ by his family”

[nordleuchten]

The (early) Relationship between Georges de La Fayette and Louis Philippe I

Lately I have gone back to “the roots” so to speak – in other words, I have read the French version of La Fayette’s memoirs (and again realized that the first English version I read was somewhat strange.)

While reading, I found this passage in the fifth volume:

Je ne con les ducs d'Angoulême et de Berry; mais la manière dont le duc d'Orléans demanda de mes nouvelles à mon fils, qu'il avait vu aux États - Unis , me fit un devoir d'aller chez lui

My translation:

I don't know the dukes of Angoulême und de Berry; but the manner in which the Duc d’Orléans inquired after my son, whom he had seen in the United States, made it my duty to go to him.

Most of you are probably aware of the fact that the relationship between the La Fayette’s and the d’Orléans’ often was … interesting to say the least. The Marquis de La Fayette and the Ducs father, Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans or “Philippe Égalité” really did not get along during the French Revolution. In that context it is quite interesting to see how their sons connected.

During the course of the French Revolution Louis Philippe II was executed via the guillotine and his sons fled the country. His oldest son, the new Duc d’Orléans, the one mentioned in the quote above, lived in Switzerland before moving to England and later spending two years in North America, mostly in Philadelphia. In April of 1797 he and two of his brother visited Mount Vernon in Virginia before embarking on a three-month trip of the American backcountry. By October they had concluded their trip and George Washington noted in his diary for October 30, 1797:

30. Wind brisk from No. Wt. & cold. Mer. at 54. Doctr. Stuart went away after breakfast. Mr. Cottineau & Lady, Mr. Rosseau & Lady, the Visct. D’Orleans, & Mr. De Colbert came to Dinner & returned to Alexa. afterwards. A Mr. Stockton from N. Jerseys came in the afternoon.

“[Diary entry: 30 October 1797],” Founders Online, National Archives, [Original source: The Diaries of George Washington, vol. 6, 1 January 1790 – 13 December 1799, ed. Donald Jackson and Dorothy Twohig. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1979, pp. 265–266.] (09/29/2022)

By late 1797, Georges and Felix Frestel had begun their preparations to return to Europe but Georges would not be reunited with his family prior to February of 1798. I am therefor not quite sure if Georges and the Duc d’Orléans met during one of the described instances or elsewhere. Georges certainly had spent his fair share of time in Philadelphia as well.

One way or the other, the two young Frenchman in exile met and seemingly got along quite nicely. I have sadly never found a statement by Georges himself on the meeting or their subsequent relationship.

[roehenstart]

Marie de Berry (1375-1434), Duchess of Auvergne, Countess of Montpensier, was a French princess during the Hundred Years' War. Daughter of Jean, Duke of Berry, she was successively married to Louis de Châtillon, to the Constable of France Philippe d'Artois Count of Eu, and then to Jean, future Duke of Bourbon.

Marie was the youngest daughter of Prince Jean, Duke of Berry, brother of King Charles V of France, and his first wife, Jeanne d'Armagnac.