#pontius pilatus | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

ancientcharm · 4 months

Text

Nero: The end of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (Part III)

The big fire of Rome (known in Latin as Incendium Magnum Romae) 18th July of 64 (Roman year 817)

From 'The Annals' by Tacitus:

Nero at this time was at Antium, and did not return to Rome until the fire approached his house, which he had built to connect the palace with the gardens of Maecenas. To relieve the homeless he opened the Campus Martius, the public buildings of Agrippa, and even his own gardens, and raised temporary structures to receive the destitute multitude. Supplies of food were brought up from Ostia and the neighbouring towns. After five days, an end was put to the conflagration at the foot of the Esquiline hill. But before people had laid aside their fears, the flames returned, with no less fury this second time, and especially in the spacious districts of the city. Although there was less loss of life, the temples of the gods, and the porticoes which were devoted to enjoyment, fell in a yet more widespread ruin. Rome, indeed, is divided into fourteen districts, four of which remained uninjured, three were levelled to the ground, while in the other seven were left only a few shattered, half-burnt relics of houses. Some people noticed that the beginning of this conflagration was on the 18th of July, the day on which the Senones (Gallic tribe) attacked Rome. Others have pushed a curious inquiry so far as to reduce the interval between these two conflagrations into equal numbers of years, months, and days.

Tacitus also writes that the favorable things that Nero did were soon nullified, for a rumor spread that he was singing and playing the lyre while Rome burned. Tacitus assures that it was such rumor caused another event in Rome.

'Nero's Torches' (detail) by Henryk Siemiradzk, 1876

"Therefore, to put an end to this rumor, Nero invented culprits and subjected to very refined punishments those whom the populace, detesting them for their atrocities, called Christians.

The origin of this name was the so-called Christus, who had been condemned to torture and crucifixion during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators, Pontius Pilatus; And a most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judaea, the focus of this disease, but even in Rome, where all things hideous and shameful from every part of the world find their centre.

At first those who confessed were arrested, then, after their denunciation, a huge crowd was condemned, not so much for the accusation of the fire, but for hatred of the human race.

In addition, the mockery of those who were going to die was added: covered in wild skins, they died torn to pieces by dogs, or were either crucified or condemned to the flames and to serve as torches when daylight had expired. Nero offered his gardens for the spectacle.

Although they were criminals, deserving of very severe punishments, a feeling of pity arose, since they were murdered not for the common good, but for the ferocity of a single man." (Tacitus)

About this issue

'A Christian Dirce' (detail) by Henryk Siemiradzki , 1897

First, let's see what Tacitus means by "criminals" hated for their "atrocities." The Christian community in Rome was small. They were mainly slaves, freedmen, and converted Jews of humble origins like their leader, the apostle Peter. The Roman plebs already knew from hearsay that Christians, in their meetings, drank and ate saying that it was "the body and blood", and "the one who gave himself as a sacrifice for all." Through misinterpretation, they believed that a Christian occasionally gave himself voluntarily as a sacrifice to a God, and the others then ate the flesh and drank the blood of that supposed victim.

By the middle of the second century such accusations were no longer made, and Christianity was frowned upon, and sometimes persecuted, only for its “ideas harmful to the State”.

Was this really the first persecution of Christianity?

It's true that those innocent people were accused because they were part of a misunderstood and hated minority, but Tacitus says that they were accused and executed for supposedly burning Rome not for believing in Christ; And he claims that they were not even executed for their "atrocities", that is, for their religious gatherings, so it was not a persecution against Christianity at all.

The Catholic Church, which keeps a rigorous record of all its martyrs, doesn't have the names of the Christians mentioned by Tacitus recorded. The only ones recognized are the apostles Peter and Paul, who were certainly imprisoned and executed, Saint Peter for being the Leader/Bishop of the Christians of Rome and Saint Paul for being very prominent. This is probably why Nero is considered the first enemy and persecutor of Christianity in history and became the paradigm of the Antichrist.

A doubt

'Nero at Baiae' by Jan Styka, circa 1900

Tacitus, who in addition to being a historian was an important Senator in an anti-Neronian atmosphere, writes subjective sentences and inevitably leads me to question some parts of his text.

When Tacitus writes "A huge crowd was condemned, not so much for the accusation of the fire, but for hatred of the human race", he's expressing an opinion about Nero; in the same way when he says that was "not for the common good but for the ferocity of a single man"; Are opinions, not facts. Undoubtedly there were public executions but the reasons for them arise from the opinion and feelings of Tacitus.

The subjectivity of this writer makes me think that he added details to the executions to make it clear to his contemporary readers that Nero had been a deranged ruler; Since he establishes (according to his personal opinion) that Nero was more interested in having fun killing "criminals" than in the misfortune of Rome after the fire.

Certainly there were crucifixions of slaves and foreigners, and beheadings of Christian Roman citizens, such as the apostle Paul who was beheaded for having Roman citizenship while apostle Peter was crucified for being a foreigner. And perhaps there have been people burned alive, although this was never the usual death penalty in the Roman world. it's really strange because for the ancient Romans fire was also related to the sacred: the fire of Vesta (one of the oldest deities, originally from Rome) in addition to cremating the bodies of the deceased. Condemning those they considered criminals to die in the fire would have been the same for them as it was for Christians in times of the Inquisition to see heretics crucified.

My biggest doubt: Was it really Nero who accused the Christians?

'Nero Views the Burning of Rome' by Carl Theodor von Piloty , 1861

Tacitus writes that emperor helped the victims of the fire, offering them their own properties, providing them with food and lodging: he was in charge of the reconstruction work, etc. But after being forced to mention something good for the only time, he disqualifies those actions by adding:

These acts, though popular, produced no effect, since a rumour had gone forth everywhere that, at the very time when the city was in flames, the emperor appeared on a private stage and sang of the destruction of Troy; comparing present misfortunes with the calamities of antiquity. (The Annals XV)

The historian claims that the emperor returned to the city to help in the disaster and many people benefited but then he says that a rumor claimed that emperor was singing on a private stage.

Is it possible that people in Rome who had seen Nero in action believed that? Or could it be that such a rumor never existed but was created by the historian when writing about that chapter of history?

Tacitus writes about a "rumor" but his contemporary Suetonius describes it as a historical fact :"For displeasure at the ugliness of the old buildings and the narrow, crooked streets, he set fire to the city" (..) "And exulting, as he said, in "the beauty of the flames," he sang in his regular stage costume."

"Therefore, to put an end to this rumor, Nero invented culprits." And so Tacitus begins to explain why those executions happened: what today we would call scapegoat, and also adds a second reason: "hatred of the human race."

In other words, according to Tacitus Nero he didn't act out of justice, or what he thought was justice, but out of a selfish reason and for fun. But Tacitus also says that Nero's scapegoat was those "detested by the populace."

So, isn't it more credible to think that someone among the immense populace could have accused the Christians of burning the city precisely because they was hated?

Is it possible that the false accusation reached Nero directly and that this was the true reason for the arrests and executions? Is it credible that Nero, having the vast majority of the people in his favor and a minority that was already hated without him saying or doing anything, acted in such a way that his people ultimately felt sorry for the condemned?

Perhaps someone or a group of people, out of prejudice or hatred, convinced the emperor that the fire was not accidental but caused by the Christians. The accusers before Nero, for example, may have been some of his praetorian guards; or a simple commoner who publicly accused a neighboring Christian and that's how it all started. Who knows.

It's important to ask questions, think and then draw conclusions, rather than accepting the official story without hesitation.

'The Fire of Rome, 18 July 64 AD ' by Hubert Robert, 18th century

Last Part

#roman emperors #history #roman empire #ancient rome

58 notes · View notes

segretecose · 6 months

Note

don't know if anybody has told you yet but one of germanys biggest trash tv channels has just (for the second time) done a live modern musical re-enactment of the easter story with songs like out of the dark by falco sung by judas and jesus and we don't need another hero sung by pontius pilatus and jesus. just thought you would like to know

i did like to know thank you

33 notes · View notes

thatswhywelovegermany · 1 year

Text

von Pontius zu Pilatus laufen

literally: to run from Pontius to Pilate

to be sent frustratingly from one office or agency to another (often to little avail)

Origin: From the Bible where Jesus was repeatedly sent by King Herod to and from the Roman governor Pontius Pilate before his death sentence was upheld.

#german idiom

23 notes · View notes

deehwang · 11 months

Text

Tidak ada yang lebih mencemaskan dari karir seorang penulis--ini lebih dari menahan lapar, honor yang lewat tempo, bahkan masuk penjara--daripada menghasilkan karya yang didikte. Bukan karena ketidakmampuan. Mimpi buruk itu adalah kehilangan kewenangan menulis; dilarang menulis sesuatu yang telah menggerakkan nurani mereka, dari apa yang diyakini secara pribadi. Karena ketika kerja kreatif tak bisa dilakukan secara independen, masa depan karya tidak mujur terbaca, setidaknya yang lahir bukanlah sesuatu yang organik.

Ketika para pekerja seni dituntut tak lebih dari memproduksi produk propaganda, dan penyensoran dilakukan agar sejalan dengan yang dikendaki penguasa, proses kreatif akan membusuk sampai ke akarnya, karena pembatasan adalah kejahatan itu sendiri. Terjawablah, bahwa yang sudi menentang suara hatinya sendiri, yang takut kelaparan karena di jalan kepenulisan ia sadar ia bisa saja sendirian, para penggentar ini sebutlah demikian, adalah yang mengalami kesialan kemudian. Dengan segala keruwetan dan hiruk pikuk di dalamnya, buku novel ini bisa digarisbesarkan seperti pembuka di atas.

Berkaitan dengan realitas Uni Soviet, Bulgakov mulai menulisnya di tahun 1928 semasa rezim Stalin, atas alasan penyensoran ini tidak diterbitkan bahkan sampai penulisnya sendiri wafat. Awalnya rombongan setan di tahun 1930an--Behemoth, Koroviev, Azazello, Hella, dan utamanya Profesor Woland (nama yang kurang lazim di kalangan orang Rusia, digadang-gadang terinspirasi dari salah satu nama setan dalam Faust karya Goethe, disebut-sebut prototipe Stalin sendiri)--yang kunjungannya mendatangkan kekacauan di Moskow. Yang disasar adalah seniman, utamanya elit sastra. Di sisi lain, muncul penceritaan tentang Pontius Pilatus, prokurator Yudea. Sementara Master dan Margarita sendiri adalah sepasang kekasih gelap. Master adalah penulis yang namanya tak disebut sepanjang cerita, seorang penulis terasing (akan terjelaskan di paragraf berikutnya), sementara Margarita adalah kekasih yang menjual jiwanya pada si setan, agar si Master kembali menemui kewarasannya.

Master-Margarita. Setan-Yeshua. Master-Margarita-Setan-dan-Yeshua bersilangan kisahnya satu dengan yang lain.

Si Master ini sempat dirawat di rumah sakit jiwa setelah membuat satu manuskrip yang beririsan dengan agama (kisah penghukuman Yeshua Ha-Nozri oleh Prokurator Yudea). Ia mengirimkannya ke penerbit, walhasil dikritik dan dicemooh habis-habisan di koran-koran oleh kritikus kenamaan. Ini tentu membuatnya patah arang hingga dibakarnyalah manuskrip itu (hal ini dalam kenyataannya juga sempat dilakukan Bulgakov pada manuskrip pertamanya). Lantas apa kedudukan Master? Seseorang baru bisa menjadi penulis--dan diakui bahwa ia penulis dengan identitas, terlebih-lebih disejahterakan--apabila ia tergabung dalam semacam perkumpulan penulis di Soviet tempo dulu. Kenyataan yang disebut Koroviev sebagai sesuatu yang konyol, karena 'penulis tidak ditentukan oleh kartu identitas apa pun, tapi oleh apa yang ia tulis'. Dalam hal ini, terjelaskan posisi si Master, sebagaimana keenganan ia memberitahu namanya.

Sedari bab pertama pembaca telah diberitahu bahwa sekelas penyair sekali pun (nama pena Bezdomny) boleh dikuliahi si editor kondang Berlioz, untuk bagaimana caranya menulis sebuah puisi panjang anti-agama, menempatkan tokoh tertentu sebagai mitos belaka. Bagaimana pun caranya menyangkal keberadaannya. Sekali lagi, penulis diletakkan sebagai pion-pion politik yang dituntut ritme kekaryaannya dengan kebenaran versi penguasa. Isu yang diangkat dalam novel ini juga adalah tentang ateisme. Namun mari fokus pada olok-olok si narator tentang ideologi yang dipegang Uni Soviet kala itu, tentang penyamarataan kelas. Dengan kontrol semacam ini, akibatnya, para penulis malah tidak sibuk pada karyanya, melainkan berfokus pada properti yang bisa mereka miliki dan makanan-makanan yang tersaji di restoran mewah di gedung Massolit. Tokoh-tokoh yang, kamu tahu, menganggap ketidaktahuan sebagai kebahagiaan tertentu, tidak hanya untuk orang lain tapi juga bagi mereka sendiri. Maksudku, bagaimana bisa seseorang masih bisa mengunyah dengan lahap setelah mendengar kematian Berlioz yang tentu, cara kematiannya sama sekali tidak mengundang selera makan?

Kisah ganda mengalir sepanjang pembacaanku selama dua Minggu ini--dari Moskow ke Yudea, dan sebaliknya. Ada kebimbangan mengenai persepsi baik-buruk. Kehadiran rombongan setan yang justru memberikan 'keadilan' (aku agak kesulitan mengikutinya karena nama-nama Rusia amat mirip satu dengan yang lain), sudut pandang Pontius Pilatus yang memerintahkan melindungi namun kemudian membunuh Yudas, kehadiran dua sisi yang menegaskan bahwa baik buruk, benar salah, hitam putih, amatlah kabur batasnya, persis kematian dan kehidupan dalam buku ini dimana saking gampangnya ia seperti kepala yang diputus kemudian disambung lagi! Semuanya adalah persepsi yang gampang berbalik, dibangun dari kepentingan apa ia untuk kita dan dari bangku mana kita menonton semua kejadian itu.

Novel klasik ini padat makna, full of images, ilustrasi sampul dan isi yang sama memikat dengan referensi yang tersedia karena mempermudah bacaan, dan lucu--di beberapa bagian aku terpingkal oleh kekurangajaran Behemoth, si kucing hitam berukuran babi, dan Koroviev, menyoal uang asing di dalam toilet Bosoy ("tapi adakah saksi mata?" Bisiknya). Aku suka buku ini. Terlebih ketika Woland menyampaikan bahwa "manuscript don't burn", memperjelas duduk karya yang, sekali pun ia melawan sensor, sekali pun ditiadakan, ia akan tetap ada di ingatan orang-orang yang mendukungnya.

Instagram : @hellodeehwang | ©deehwang | Tidak diperkenankan mencuri gambar untuk diunggah ulang.

#deehwang #secarikpesandisakubajumu #secarik pesan di saku bajumu #puisi indonesia #puisi #novel #novel terjemahan

11 notes · View notes

wisdomfish · 11 months

Text

Non-Christian sources confirm the validity of New Testament

The Jewish historian, Flavius Josephus (A.D. 37-100), is the first non-Christian author to mention Jesus. In the Antiquities, Josephus writes:

There was about this time Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man, for he was a doer of wonderful works—a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure. He drew over to him both many of the Jews, and many of the Gentiles. He was Christ; and when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross, those that loved him at the first did not forsake him, for he appeared to them alive again the third day, as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning him; and the tribe of Christians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day (Antiquities 18:3:3).

Tacitus (A.D. 56-120), the Roman historian confirms that the crucifixion of Jesus actually took place. Writing in his Annals, he records:

Consequently, to get rid of the report, Nero fastened the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace. Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators, Pontius Pilatus, and a most mischievous superstition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out not only in Judæa, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome, where all things hideous and shameful from every part of the world find their centre and become popular. Accordingly, an arrest was first made of all who pleaded guilty; then, upon their information, an immense multitude was convicted, not so much of the crime of firing the city, as of hatred against mankind.

Pliny the Younger (A.D. 62-113), Roman governor in Asia Minor, established that early Christians worshiped Jesus as a god:

They (Christians) were in the habit of meeting on a certain fixed day before it was light, when they sang in alternate verses a hymn to Christ, as to a god, and bound themselves by a solemn oath, not to any wicked deeds, but never to commit any fraud, theft or adultery, never to falsify their word, nor deny a trust when they should be called upon to deliver it up; after which it was their custom to separate, and then reassemble to partake of food, but of an ordinary and innocent kind (Epistles 10.96).

Suetonius (120 AD) was a Roman historian and court official. When recounting the history of the emperor Claudius some years before him, he said,

“Because the Jews at Rome caused constant disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus [Christ], he [Claudius] expelled them from the city [Rome]” (Life of Claudius, 25:4).

Lucian, born (c. AD 125 – 180), the pagan author Samosata, while ridiculing Christians, accepted that Jesus actually existed:

The Christians, you know, worship a man to this day—the distinguished personage who introduced their novel rites, and was crucified on that account. … You see, these misguided creatures start with the general conviction that they are immortal for all time, which explains their contempt of death and voluntary self-devotion which are so common among them; and then it was impressed on them by their original lawgiver that they are all brothers, from the moment that they are converted, and deny the gods of Greece, and worship the crucified sage, and live after his laws. All this they take quite on faith, with the result that they despise all worldly goods alike, regarding them merely as common property. (Lucian, The Passing of Peregrinus)

Celsus (2nd century), the Greek philosopher, while arguing against Christianity, also accepted that Jesus existed:

O light and truth! He distinctly declares, with his own voice, as ye yourselves have recorded, that there will come to you even others, employing miracles of a similar kind, who are wicked men, and sorcerers; and Satan. So that Jesus himself does not deny that these works at least are not at all divine, but are the acts of wicked men; and being compelled by the force of truth, he at the same time not only laid open the doings of others, but convicted himself of the same acts. Is it not, then, a miserable inference, to conclude from the same works that the one is God and the other sorcerers? Why ought the others, because of these acts, to be accounted wicked rather than this man, seeing they have him as their witness against himself? For he has himself acknowledged that these are not the works of a divine nature, but the inventions of certain deceivers, and of thoroughly wicked men.

~ Samples, Kenneth Richard. ‘Without a Doubt: Answering the 20 Toughest Faith Questions

#celsus #lucian #pliny the yournger #tacitus #josephus

11 notes · View notes

enyafans4communism · 7 months

Text

reading the master and margarita and i wish he’d just written that novel about pontius pilatus instead

3 notes · View notes

slaygentford · 2 years

Text

I wish I could show the historical Pontius pilatus that costume. I mean he'd kill me immediately but it would be so worth it to watch his face journey

14 notes · View notes

diepassionchristiganzerhdfilm · 1 year

Text

｢Streamc-loud｣ Die Passion Christi (2023) Ganzer Film Auf Deutsch Kostenlos Online Anschauen

Die Passion Christi Streamcloud Deutsch Ganzer Film, Die Passion Christi stream deutschland , Die Passion Christi stream deutsch, Die Passion Christi download, Die Passion Christi german stream.

Die Passion Christi Ganzer Film DEUTSCH, Ganzer Film ▶️ Die Passion Christi HD Streamcloud, Die Passion Christi Ganzer deutschland FILMS 1080p, Die Passion Christi Ganzer Film Deutsch kostenlos 2023, Die Passion Christi JETZT 4k Ganzer deutschland

HD Filme kostenlos auf anschauen. Dort findest du viele Serien & Filme, die du kostenlos & legal online sehen kannst. Ganze Filme auf deutsch, gratis und 100% legal!

Ganzer Film ▶️▶️ Die Passion Christi Stream auf Deutsch

März 2004 Im Kino / 2 Std. 07 Min. / Historie, Biografie, Drama Regie: Mel Gibson Drehbuch: Mel Gibson, Benedict Fitzgerald Besetzung: Jim Caviezel, Maia Morgenstern, Christo Jivkov Originaltitel: The Passion of The Christ

INHALTSANGABE In "Die Passion Christi" werden die letzten zwölf Stunden im Leben von Jesus von Nazareth (Jim Caviezel) erzählt. Judas (Lucas Lionello), einer seiner Jünger, verrät Jesus nach dem letzten Abendmahl an die pharisäischen Hohepriester, die den Prediger daraufhin gefangen nehmen. Die Hohepriester – allen voran deren Anführer Kaiphas (Mattia Sbragia) – fürchten durch Jesus ihren gesellschaftlichen Status zu verlieren, beschuldigen ihn daher der Gotteslästerung und verlangen seinen Tod. Doch weder der römische Statthalter Pontius Pilatus (Hristo Naumov Shopov), der erkennt, dass es sich bei den Anschuldigungen um eine politische Intrige handelt, noch König Herodes sind gewillt, das Todesurteil zu besiegeln. Um dem Druck der durch Kaiphas angestachelten Massen nachzukommen, beschließt Pontius Pilatus schließlich, Jesus foltern zu lassen. Doch der Pöbel ist dadurch immer noch nicht besänftigt. Pontius Pilatus stellt den wütenden Mob schließlich vor die Wahl, wem er die Freiheit schenken soll: Jesus oder dem Mörder Barabbas (Pietro Sarubbi). Das Volk wählt Barabbas. Während letzterer frei kommt, muss sich Jesus auf einen qualvollen Gang zum Berg Golgatha begeben, wo ihm die Kreuzigung bevorsteht.

Die Passion Christi ganzer film auf deutsch anschauen kostenlos legal ohne Anmeldung | Hier können bleep Die Passion Christi (2023) stream german online schauen in HD Qualität! 1080P | 4K UHD | 1080P-HD | 720P HD | MKV | MP4 | FLV | DVD | NETFLIX KINO» Die Passion Christi (2023) ganzer film deutsch Online Anschauen, Die Passion Christi Stream Deutsch, Ganzer Film "Die Passion Christi" Stream Deutsch komplett, Die Passion Christi (2023) ganzer film deutsch Online Anschauen

"Die Passion Christi" basiert auf dem zweiten Band der "Perfect"-Reihe von Claudia Tan, die von der Autorin zunächst als Fortsetzungsserie auf Wattpad veröffentlicht wurde, bevor die einzelnen Teile anschließend auch mit großem Erfolg als Romane veröffentlicht wurden.

Die Passion Christi film stream deutsch Die Passion Christi film online schauen Die Passion Christi filme kostenlos schauen Die Passion Christi filme online schauen Die Passion Christi kinofilme online schauen Die Passion Christi online schauen kostenlos Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch kostenlos Die Passion Christi ganzer film Die Passion Christi stream deutsch Die Passion Christi youtube filme in voller länge deutsch Die Passion Christi ganzer film auf deutsch Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch kostenlos Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch youtube Die Passion Christi Ganzer Film 2023 Die Passion Christi Ganzer Film german Die Passion Christi kinostart Die Passion Christi ganzer film Die Passion Christi online stream Die Passion Christi deutschland Die Passion Christi filmstarts Die Passion Christi kinofilm, Die Passion Christi Complete Film Deutsch Die Passion Christi Online Kostenlos Die Passion Christi Ganzer Film Deutsch Die Passion Christi Online Anschauen Die Passion Christi kostenlos sehen Die Passion Christi Anschauen Film Die Passion Christi komplett online sehen Die Passion Christi (2023) Stream German Die Passion Christi Film auf Deutsch Die Passion Christi 2023 Ganzer Film Deutsch Die Passion Christi 2023 kostenlos sehen Die Passion Christi Anschauen Film Die Passion Christi Complete Film Deutsch Die Passion Christi komplett online sehen Die Passion Christi Online Anschauen Die Passion Christi Online Kostenlos Ganzer Film Die Passion Christi 2023 Complete Stream Deutsch Ganzer Die Passion Christi (2023) Deutsch HD Stream Online anschauen Die Passion Christi stream deutsch kinox Die Passion Christi kinox Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch Die Passion Christi online stream Die Passion Christi stream kostenlos Die Passion Christi hdfilme Die Passion Christi stream kkiste Die Passion Christi kinostart Die Passion Christi Schweizer Filme

❏ STREAMING MEDIA ❏

Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being deliveEspejo, espejo by a provider. The verb to stream refers to the process of delivering or obtaining media in this manner.[clarification needed] Streaming refers to the delivery method of the medium, rather than the medium itself. Distinguishing delivery method krom the media distributed applies specifically to telecommunications networks, as most of the delivery systems are either inherently streaming (e.g. radio, television, streaming apps) or inherently non-streaming (e.g. books, video cassettes, audio CDs) . There are challenges with streaming content on the Internet. For example, users whose Internet connection lacks sufficient bandwidth may experience stops, lags, or slow buffering of the content. And users lacking compatible hardware or software systems may be unable to stream certain content. Live streaming is the delivery of Internet content in real-time much as live television broadcasts content over the airwaves via a television signal. Live internet streaming requires a form of source media (e.g. a video camera, an audio interface, screen capture software), an encoder to digitize the content, a media publisher, and a content delivery network to distribute and deliver the content. Live streaming does not need to be recorded at the origination point, although it krequently is. Streaming is an alternative to file downloading, a process in which the end-user obtains the entire file for the content before watching or listening to it. Through streaming, an end-user can use their media player to start playing digital video or digital audio content before the entire file has been transmitted. The term "streaming media" can apply to media other than video and audio, such as live closed captioning, ticker tape, and real-time text, which are all consideEspejo, espejo "streaming text".

❏ COPYRIGHT CONTENT ❏

Copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive right to make copies of a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, educational, or musical form. Copyright is intended to protect the original expression of an idea in the form of a creative work, but not the idea itself. A copyright is subject to limitations based on public interest considerations, such as the fair use doctrine in the United States. Some jurisdictions require "fixing" copyrighted works in a tangible form. It is often shaEspejo, espejo among multiple authors, each of whom holds a set of rights to use or license the work, and who are commonly referEspejo, espejo to as rights holders.[citation needed] These rights krequently include reproduction, control over derivative works, distribution, public performance, and moral rights such as attribution. Copyrights can be granted by public law and are in that case consideEspejo, espejo "territorial rights". This means that copyrights granted by the law of a certain state, do not extend beyond the territory of that specific jurisdiction. Copyrights of this type vary by country; many countries, and sometimes a large group of countries, have made agreements with other countries on procedures applicable when works "cross" national borders or national rights are inconsistent. Typically, the public law duration of a copyright expires 50 to 100 years after the creator dies, depending on the jurisdiction. Some countries require certain copyright formalities to establishing copyright, others recognize copyright in any completed work, without a formal registration. It is widely believed that copyrights are a must to foster cultural diversity and creativity. However, Parc argues that contrary to prevailing beliefs, imitation and copying do not restrict cultural creativity or diversity but in fact support them further. This argument has been supported by many examples such as Millet and Van Gogh, Picasso, Manet, and Monet, etc.

❍❍❍ Thanks for everything and have fun watching❍❍❍

Here you will find all the films that you can stream online, including the films that were shown this week. If you’re wondering what to see on this website, you should know that it covers genres that include crime, science, fi-fi, action, romance, thriller, comedy, drama, and anime film. Thanks a lot. We inform everyone who is happy to receive news or information about this year’s film program and how to watch your favorite films. Hopefully we can be the best partner for you to find recommendations for your favorite films. That’s all from us, greetings! Thank you for watching The Video Today. I hope you like the videos I share. Give a thumbs up, like or share if you like what we shared so we are more excited. Scatter a happy smile so that the world returns in a variety of colors.

#Die Passion Christi ganzer film deutsch kostenlos

4 notes · View notes

nailgunstigmata · 2 years

Text

(mac voice) call me pontius pilatus the way im nailing you to this post

6 notes · View notes

abba-enthusiast · 5 months

Text

I have to watch the new master & margarita movie for my russian class and the link my teacher sent us has no subtitles available, not even russian ones, so now I’m at the point where I understand the latin during the pontius pilatus story better than the actual russian. Help 😭

#if anybody has the movie with subtitles…. please send it my way i do Not know russian well enough to understand this movie #AND i‘ve only managed a fifth of the book so i am truly Lost lmfao

4 notes · View notes

iamkenlee-blog · 2 years

Photo

"필라테스 vs 요가"

모 잡지에 투고할 글 쓰는 중에 필라테스를 거론해야 할 필요가 생김. '플리커(flickr)'란 웹페이지에서 필라테스 창시자 이름인 'Joseph Pilates'를 넣으면 필라테스 본인 사진과 함께 예수가 고난받는 성화가 올라온다. 개역한글 성경에 나오는 '본디오 빌라도'의 원래 이름이 폰티우스 필라테(Pontius Pilate)인데 'Pilate = Pilatus = Pilates'이다. 스위스 루체른 근처엔 필라투스 산(Pilatus Mountain)이 있다. 산이름 때문에 본디오 빌라도가 이곳에 묻혔다는 전설이 있다. 즉 검색어로 '요셉 빌라도'를 넣으니 관련 인물로 '본디오 빌라도'가 검색돼 연관 이미지로 예수 그림이 떴을 것이다.

'픽사베이(Pixabay)'에선 'Joseph Pilates'로는 아예 결과가 없고 'Pilates'를 넣으면 필라테스와 요가 이미지가 반반씩 섞여 나온다. 요즘 한국에선 기구 필라테스가 대세이긴 하지만, 원래 필라테스 안에는 재활, 기구, 매트 등 세 종목이 있다. 이 중 매트 필라테스를 요가와 헷갈리는 듯.

한국 사람들 뇌리에 형성된 요가는 모두 미국을 통해 들어온 것들이다. 본래 인도의 요가는 힌두교 수행법으로 고행 포함해 온갖 황당무계한 짓이 다 들어 있다. 이 중 '아사나'라고 하는 요소만을 떼어 체계를 세운 뒤 미국에서 건강법으로 재탄생한 것. 일반인 눈엔 매트 필라테스와 요가 아사나 사이 구별이 잘 안되는 듯하나 동작 자체는 완전히 다르다. 다만, 둘 다 어차피 사람이 행하는 거다 보니 본질로 들어가면 대동소이한 면이 있다.

한국에선 70년대 중후반에 무용가 홍신자 씨에 의해 처음 요가가 알려진 거로 안다. 홍신자 씨 스승인 오쇼 라즈니쉬도 미국에서 유명해진 인물이다. 몇 년 전 유행했던 '핫요가'는 비크람이라는 인도인이 미국에 이식한 거고, 빡센 요가로 유명한 '아쉬탕가 요가' 역시 본부는 인도의 마이소르(Mysore)란 곳에 있지만 미국에서 성공했기 때문에 한국에 알려진 것. 이처럼 요가가 미국을 통해 유입되다 보니 한국에서 요가 지도하는 선생 중에는 요가의 기본 경전으로 알려진 파탄잘리란 인물이 쓴 '요가 수트라' 책의 존재마저 모르는 사람이 상당히 많은 거 같다. 물론 어차피 요가를 행하는 목적이 '건강'이라면 굳이 이런 책 안 읽어도 무방하긴 하다. 난 덕질이 취미라 이거 외에도 국내에 번역돼 나온 요가 관련 경전을 대충 다 읽긴 했지만. 여담으로 아쉬탕가 요가에 대해서도 의문점이 꽤 있다. 무엇보다 이 요가법의 근간이 됐다고 주장하는 '요가 쿠룬타(Yoga Kurunta)'라는 문서가 정체불명이다. 아마존에서 검색해 봐도 영문 번역본조차 나온 바가 없는 것 같다.

내가 ��라테스에 처음 관심을 두게 된 계기는 국내에 번역돼 널리 읽힌 '신비의 스트레칭 요가 - 필라테스 바디(브룩 실러 저)'란 책 때문. 그러고 보니 여기에도 요가와 필라테스를 막 섞어 썼네. 아마 편집자가 책 많이 팔아먹으려고 잔꾀를 부린 듯하다. 그리고 마리 윈저(Mari Winsor)라는 분(2020년 루게릭병으로 작고하심)이 나오는 필라테스 훈련 영상을 봤는데 매 동작마다 "파워하우스를 쓰세요(Use the powerhouse)"란 말을 계속하는 것이다. 동영상 시청 후 '필라테스 바디' 책을 다시 읽으니 '파워하우스'가 필라테스의 핵심이라는 게 비로소 눈에 들어왔다.

단전(丹田)은 "배꼽 아래 3cm, 안쪽으로 3cm"에 자리 잡고 있다지만 해부학적으론 소장, 대장 같은 내장만 있을 뿐 눈에 보이는 뭔가가 있는 건 아니다. 단전이란 용어를 모르는 사람은 거의 없다. 정작 이에 관한 설명은 수련 단체마다 조금씩 달라 종잡을 수가 없을 때가 많다. 어느 날 필라테스 핵심 개념인 '파워하우스(Powerhouse)'가 단전과 아래와 같이 절묘한 대구를 이룬단 걸 우연히 발견했다.

丹 : 田 = Power : House

우리말로 풀어 쓰면 "에너지가 모이는 밭 (=丹田) = 힘내는 집 (=Powerhouse) = 몸 안의 발전소" 란 말이다. ‘단전’이란 말속에 담긴 갖가지 신비주의 요소를 제거해 버리면, 단전을 파워하우스라 단정해도 큰 무리는 없다. 동양이나 서양이나 다 같은 사람이므로 당연히 본질을 공유할 수밖에 없는 것.

2 notes · View notes