#pope clement V

[apenitentialprayer]

St. Joseph is traditionally viewed as a saint of the Counter Reformation [...] However, as is seldom pointed out, the acts of the Council of Trent (1545-63) are in fact silent on the cult of St. Joseph, and his name disappears from the Roman breviary after the reforms of Pope Pius V (1568-70). Renewed papal interest in St. Joseph's cult is directly apparent, on the other hand, by the late 1590s under Clement VIII, and the next public milestone is the year 1621, when Gregory XV ordered that the feast of St. Joseph be observed as a holy day of obligation throughout the Universal Church.

- Carolyn C. Wilson (St. Joseph in Italian Renaissance Society and Art: New Directions and Interpretations, pages 1, 8)

[pinkiepiebones]

FWIW if anyone wants to know the terminology for Cardi's various vestment layers- a labeled picture with lots of words, my additions in purple

I made this in 2021, and as far as I know the terminology is accurate. Or if it's not, no one's ever told me 😅 I was going to reblog my original post but just reposting mg own work takes less time

So, starting from the top:

-Copia's mitre (pope hat) is covered in jewels, which led me to believe it is a specific type of mitre- the pretiosa mitre. According to Wikipedia "The pretiosa ('precious') is decorated with precious stones and gold and worn on the principal Mass on the most solemn Sundays (except in Lent) and feast days." You can see how big the jewels are in RITE HERE RITE NOW during "Call Me Little Sunshine."

-The black thing I see a lot of you calling a cloak is technically a mantum. Again, from Wikipedia: "The mantum is longer than a cope [the cope or "rain coat" is a shorter garment with a less elaborate clasp], and is fastened in the front by an elaborate morse. In earlier centuries it was red, at the time the papal colour. In the 11th and 12th centuries the immantatio, or bestowal of the mantum on the newly-elected pope, was regarded as specially symbolical of investiture with papal authority. After the Second Vatican Council and the pontificate of Pope Paul VI, the mantum fell out of use."

-The elaborate clasp that holds the mantum on is called, among other things, a morse. According to some Catholic encyclopedia I found, "The brooch or clasp, meant to fasten the cope [or mantum] in front, and variously called morse, pectoral, bottone, etc., was an object often in the highest degree precious and costly. The work which was the foundation of all the fortunes of Benvenuto Cellini was the magnificent morse which he made for Pope Clement VII."

-The blue garment is the chasuble. Every Papa wore a chasuble- except Papa Nihil, oddly. I need to analyse Papa Nihil's fit some day... Anyway, not much to say about Copia's chasuble except, from my reading, blue is typically NOT used for chasubles. Blue is a colour reserved for depictions of the Virgin Mary, traditionally, iirc. Copia's colour is also on the outside of his chasuble, which is opposite of how Papa II and III's chasubles were- Papa II's had a black outside and green lining, Papa III's had a black outside and purple lining. Copia's colour being on the outside had me thinking it was a visual signifier that he was not "of the bloodline." I was wrong obvs. Still an interesting choice!

-The scarf thing is a stole. Not much to say about it. From the Catholic encyclopedia: "A liturgical vestment composed of a strip of material from two to four inches wide and about eighty inches long. It has either a uniform width throughout, or is somewhat narrower towards the middle, widening at the ends in the shape of a trapezium or spade." Early concept art from one of the designers showed the stole read (something) DIVINI DRACONE or something to that effect, translating to THE DIVINE DRAGON. Maybe Papa V will use that...

I have forgotten who did this art and I hope it's not considered in bad taste to post it. You can see the idea of the mantum here, too. In RITE HERE RITE NOW you can see the jewels that run down the back.

[portraitsofsaints]

Guardian Angel

Feast of Guardian Angels. 

Feast day: October 2

The Feast of the Guardian Angels is a Catholic festival celebrated annually on October 2.  Paul V was the first Pope, in 1608, to authorize a feast day in honor of guardian angels. Pope Clement X changed the date to October 2 and Leo XIII, in 1883, upgraded the date to a double major feast.

According to Christian tradition, every one of us has a guardian angel who accompanies us from the moment we’re born until the moment of our death, and the mission of these angels is to protect us throughout our lives and guide us to heaven.

 "Angels cannot act directly upon our will or intellect, so they can only guide us to heaven if we want to go there. They can act on our senses and imaginations, encouraging us to make the right choices and live as Jesus wants us to." -St. Thomas Aquinas

Prints, plaques & holy cards available for purchase here: (website)

[scotianostra]

24th July 1394 saw the death Alexander Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan AKA the Wolf of Badenoch.

Alexander Stewart, the Earl of Buchan, earned several nicknames during his lifetime given his loathsome reputation for murder, violence and fire raising, Many knew him as the Wolf of Badenoch while others referred to him as the Celtic Atilla. It has been questioned whether he was indeed Scotland’s vilest man.

The Wolf died on this day in 1394 at Ruthven Castle near Kingussie with legend claiming that he met his maker after playing chess with the devil. The story is perhaps a fitting end for a man who honed his reputation with a series of rampages through the north of Scotland and his terrifying appetite for destruction of his enemies.

He set fire to the towns of Forres and Elgin, where the cathedral was torched and chaplains and canons burnt out of their homes. It is believed that Pluscarden Abbey was also lit by the Wolf as he fought back against the influence of the Bishop of Moray. The driver for much of his rage was his marriage to Euphemia I, Countess of Ross, who was unable to bear him a legitimate heir and the church refused to end the marriage. However, he reportedly had seven children with his mistress, Mairead nighean Eachann, with other accounts claiming the Wolf fathered up to 40 offspring with other women.

The Wolf was powered by a toxic combination of anger and power which was gifted to him by his father, King Robert II, who made his son the Earl of Buchan in 1382 and the Crown’s chief law officer in the north of Scotland. The Wolf’s territory stretched from Moray to the Pentland Firth - with much of its people to feel the full force of this “avarious and cruel” according to one historian.

In 1390, by which time the Earl was bedding down at his secluded island home of Lochindorb Castle, the Wolf’s touch paper was lit when the Bishop of Moray, Alexander Bur, refused to annul his marriage. He was later to excommunicate the Wolf. The Earl was “exasperated....to such a degree of fury” that he was reduced key parts of his territory to ash.

In the month of May 1390 he descended from his heights and burn the town of Forres, with the choir of the church and the manse of the archdeacon, the next month he burnt the town of Elgin, the church of St Giles, the hospital of Maison-Dieu and the cathedral, with 18 homes of the canons and chaplains in the college of Elgin.

It is likely that the Priory of Pluscarden was burned at the same time with traces of fire lit still seen today in the building .

The Wolf, whose other homes included Drumin Castle near Glenlivet, Castle Garth near Glen Lyon, and Ruthven Castle near Kingussie, was prosecuted and punished by his father but ultimately absolved of his crimes and received back by the church.

According to accounts, Pope Clement V subsequently annulled the marriage in late 1392 after Countess Euphemia complained to Rome that her marriage was meaningless given the Wolf was cohabiting with another woman.

And so to this fateful day in history...or legend, you decide!

It is said he was visited by a tall man dressed in black and the pair played through the night, with a storm conjured when the visitor called “check” and “checkmate”.

In the morning, the Wolf was found dead in the banqueting hall and his men too found lifeless outside the castle walls.

Like all good legends there are differing versions of the story, the other was that the end “duel” was playing cards.

[thoughtfulfoxllama]

My wife has been getting into Assassin's Creed, and brought up a decent question: Are the Templars a Religious Order?

My answer: it's complicated. There are clearly atheistic Templars (Vidic & Borgia being the first to come to mind). While they hold great respect for the Isu, they don't worship them, like the Instruments of the First Will

In real world history, the Templars were a religious order originally dedicated to protecting Pilgrims in Jerusalem. During the Crusades, they had a situationship with the Hospitallers (on again, off again, as they Hospitallers were dedicated to healing, but the Templars were a military force). They also invented modern banking, so people can get their loot totally legit treasures without risking roadside robbery. They were wiped out when King Philip IV of France charged them with Blasphemy (spitting on the Cross, worshipping Baphomet, the first reference of his existence, and so on) & Sodomy ("indecent kissing" between brothers, and homosexual acts as an initiation ritual). The Order was disbanded by Pope Clement V, after pardoning the surviving members

In Assassin's Creed, their lore goes back farther. The Order began (in its current form) with Pharaoh Smenkhkare, the successor of Akhenaten. I say in its modern form, because there appears to be a form of it in the Isu Era. Adam & Eve are real people in Assassin's Creed lore, and we happen to have a piece of Templar Mythology: the Book of Moses. AC: 2 point blank says that Joseph Smith did translate documents, Templar Documents. According to the Book of Moses, Cain made a covenant with the Devil to kill Able & get his flocks (according to Mormonism, the Devil is a being who was exiled because he believed the way to get to peace was through taking away their Freedom to Choose. Which is the Templar Belief). It's also interesting to note that the Book of Abraham was an Egyptian Text. The Book of Mormon seems more like an Assassin Text however

The Order of the Ancients spread with the Center of Civilization. Starting in Egypt, they spread to Babylon, and eventually formed the Persian Empire. They had a hold over Greece with the Cult of Kosmos, which is a blatantly religious organization. When they spread to Rome, they had a veneration for Caesar, calling him the Father of Understanding (who is a Divine Figure)

In England, we see the Order is religious. Specifically, they believe in a Trinity, known as the Father of Understanding, the Mother of Wisdom, and the Sacred Voice. King Alfred was strict Christian, and denounced the "Pagan" practice. This limited it to just the Father of Understanding

Then, they formed the Knights Templar, and we get all of Real History (except King Philip was influenced by the Assassins)

The Templars continued after this of course, despite the extermination of the French Chapter. Eventually, a Templar (Rodrigo Borgia) became Pope Alexander VI. They continued on as they were, seeking the Pieces of Eden, but not really understanding what they were, just that they were powerful, and furthered their cause

The first appearance of Institutional Atheism appears to have its roots with French Grand Master François-Thomas Germain. He believed the Templars needed to shift from Religious to Secular control. This appears not to have taken root immediately, as the American Chapter appears to still be religious 30-40 years after the French Revolution

It appears the Order took a turn under Crawford Starrick. He had control over all of London, from the Government, to the Medicine, and even the Criminal Underworld. He took full advantage of the Industrial Revolution, not only to further his own causes, but to hinder any opposition. Crawford Starrick influenced other Templars such as Edison & Ford. Abstergo Industries, and the Global Monopoly over Entertainment, Medicine, and practically everything, began with Ford. They used Hitler & Stalin as puppets, using the chaos of WWII to buy out businesses in the Wartime & Postwar Eras. They continued their usual antics in the background, but their public face was shiny. They used Anti-Communist Sentiments in countries such as the United States to further expand. Although they caused the Russian Revolution, they were also instrumental in the Fall of the Soviet Union, putting in Putin as a Puppet

In 2000, Subject 4 (Daniel Cross) killed the Mentor, leading to William becoming the new Head of the Order. However, Cross gave them the location of Assassin Cells. This led to the Near Extinction of the Assassins. Without their interference, their control became even more embedded. The few remaining Assassins were able to halt their attempts to launch the Eye (their Satellite, which would have an Apple of Eden, and amplify its effects worldwide), gain access to Atlantis & the Staff of Hermes, and Project Phoenix (recreating the Isu Genome, which was hijacked by the Instruments of the First Will to resurrect Juno & presumably Aita)

TL;DR- The Modern Templars are Secular. I'm sure they'd have no problems initiating a religious person, but we don't see any indication either way. The Templars were religious at least until King Alfred's Era. I'm going to say they probably were through the Crusades & during the Renaissance as well (although it probably wasn't a requirement during the latter, it was still overwhelmingly religious). The French Revolution appears to be the Turning Point from it being Religious to Secular (although the American Branch was still religious, as seen with Joseph Smith translating Templar Documents. But this was during the Second Great Awakening, so I'd be surprised if they weren't)

I am religious myself. When I've studied all I can, but still feel like I need help, I pray "May the Father of Understanding guide me." And I feel like it's a meaningful phrase, and want it to be used more in daily life (same with "Safety & Peace" for the Assassins)

𐐣𐐩 𐑄 𐐙𐐪𐑃𐑉 𐐲𐑂 𐐊𐑌𐐼𐑉𐑅𐐻𐐰𐑌𐐼𐐮𐑍 𐑀𐐴𐐼 𐐲𐑅 𐐰𐑊 (May the Father of Understanding guide us all)

𐐝𐐩𐑁𐐻𐐨 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐑𐐨𐑅 𐐲𐐹𐐪𐑌 𐐷𐐭 (Safety and Peace upon you)

[olympic-paris]

THIS DAY IN GAY HISTORY

based on: The White Crane Institute's 'Gay Wisdom', Gay Birthdays, Gay For Today, Famous GLBT, glbt-Gay Encylopedia, Today in Gay History, Wikipedia, and more …

August 20

1308 – France: Jacques de Molay (1243 – 1314), the leader of the Knights Templar, who denied sexual relations with two of his servants, finally admits to it. He was the 23rd and last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, leading the Order from 20 April 1292 until it was dissolved by order of Pope Clement V in 1307.Though little is known of his actual life and deeds except for his last years as Grand Master, he is one of the best known Templars.

King Philip IV of France, deeply in debt to the Templars, had Molay and many other French Templars arrested in 1307 and tortured into making false confessions. When Molay later retracted his confession, Philip had him burned upon a scaffold on an island in the River Seine in front of Notre-Dame de Paris in March, 1314. Both the sudden end of the centuries-old order of Templars and the dramatic execution of its last leader turned Molay into a legendary figure.

1929 – Brian Rees (d.2016) was a star among his generation of headmasters and an inspired teacher to generations of boys; but in 1984 he was forced to resign as headmaster of Rugby school in England in mysterious circumstances.

The official explanation was "ill health", and at the time his departure warranted barely a mention in the press. The chairman of the school's governors, Sir Patrick Dean, a former ambassador to Washington, was quoted as saying: "We are very sorry he is unable to continue and we will miss his leadership."

But the real reasons for Rees’s departure were allegations to the effect that he had been leading a secret life as a homosexual, had been drinking to excess and even had a history of drug abuse. Rees’s enforced departure was precipitated by an extraordinary meeting of the school’s governors, chaired by Sir Patrick, who presented Rees with the allegations and demanded his immediate resignation.

Rees always admitted that the allegations were largely true, but insisted that he had always kept his private life to himself. He admitted he was bisexual and had had an adult male friend to stay a few nights at the headmaster’s house. But no boys had ever been involved. At the time he was dismissed he had been under severe strain due to the death of his wife a few years earlier and money problems, and had been drinking heavily, though he was not an alcoholic. As for drug taking, he had once smoked marijuana, a fact which he himself had brought to the attention of the governors.

Brian Rees was born in Sydney, Australia, on August 20 1929. From Bede Grammar School, Sunderland, he won a scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge, winning starred Firsts in both parts of the History Tripos and carrying off a galaxy of prizes. He was also a brilliant pianist – good enough to play duets with Raymond Leppard. He composed songs for the Footlights with Julian Slade, won more prizes for music and light verse, and even considered making music his career. But before he had graduated from Cambridge, he was persuaded by the headmaster of Eton, Robert Birley, to come to the school as a history master.

He was a popular figure among the boys and in 1959 he crowned his career at Eton by marrying the headmaster’s daughter, Julia, in the college chapel. Guests included Lord and Lady Astor of Cliveden and the former Colonial Secretary Alan Lennox-Boyd. Rees had told his wife about his bisexuality before they married and she, broad-minded and familiar with public school life, had professed herself unperturbed.

By the late 1970s, however, things were looking less rosy. In 1978, after several years of treatment, Julia Rees succumbed to cancer.

To begin with his career continued successfully enough. Though he was unsuccessful in his bid to become headmaster of Eton in 1979, in 1981, when he accepted the job at Rugby, it was billed by the governors as a major coup.

But the strain was beginning to tell. He began to drink to a degree which sent alarm signals through the school, and in 1983 he had a homosexual Canadian friend to stay for a couple of nights in the headmaster’s house. Eventually he decided to pour out his woes to two people within the school and also to a visiting Anglican bishop. It seems that one of those to whom he spoke reported him to the governors.

Among the questions put to Rees at the crucial meeting was how, as a bisexual himself, he handled matters when boys who had been involved in homosexual activity were sent to him. He had managed to save a few from suicide, Rees replied, by telling them they should not have a guilt complex about something which is not as heinous as the world makes out.

After leaving Rugby, unable to return to teaching, Rees fell further into debt and, to make ends meet, worked, variously, as a dish washer in the kitchens of the Royal Garden Hotel, Kensington, a fork lift truck driver, a piano player in a club, a waiter and as a research assistant in Parliament.

All his life Rees had a horror of being 65, so on a trip to Australia and New Zealand in 1994, he left Britain on August 19 and flew via Los Angeles, crossing the international date line in order to land on August 21, the day after his birthday. When, in his 70s, his grandchildren asked him how old he was, he would say that he had not yet had his 65th birthday. He died February 16 2016.

1948 – Perry Watkins (d.1996) was an African-American gay man and one of the first soldiers to have some success in challenging the ban against homosexuals in the United States Military.

Perry Watkins was born in Missouri in 1948. The United States Army drafted him in 1968. During his entrance examination, he stated that he was homosexual when military officials asked him, yet they still admitted him.

Watkins finished basic training, then participated in advanced training at Fort Dix, New Jersey. There he met a white, gay draftee, who was being kicked out of the military because he had told someone he was gay. Watkins demanded he too be dismissed from the army. His commanding officer denied the request.

Then, while stationed at Fort Hamilton, New York, Watkins attempted to be dismissed because he was denied a job when a commander saw his military record stated he was gay. Again, he was denied. The army claimed they could not prove he was gay.

Even after the U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Division (CID) investigated some of Watkins's sexual partners, the result was the same.

At another time Watkins requested CID investigate the fact he had been attacked by a soldier that wanted to rape him. They instead investigated Watkins for his sexual activities. Finding no proof of sexual activities, Watkins was reassigned to clerk training in Fort Belvoir, Virginia.

Watkins's two-year stint in the army ended in 1970.

After trying to re-adjust to civilian life, Watkins discovered he would need more education for the type of job he wanted. He knew he could get that education in the army. So Watkins went down to the recruiting station in Tacoma and signed up again. Again, he admitted to being gay, and, once more, he was accepted for duty in Germany. During his second enlistment Watkins acted no differently than in his first time in the army.

Disproving ideas that openly gay soldiers would be threatened by homophobic peers, Watkins stated that everyone on the base knew that he was gay.

He even dressed in drag, and the Army publicized it rather than castigating him for it. One day Watkins was approached by a commanding officer who was planning entertainment for a big celebration on the military base. Watkins volunteered that he had sometimes been a female impersonator in civilian life. The coordinator of the show signed him up. Playing the costumed role of a woman named `Simone,' Watkins entertained the troops and families of the army. Watkins's act was so well received that he had to get an agent to handle the many requests for his performances. He played at army clubs all over Germany and other bases in Europe.

Times changed, and the military became increasingly less tolerant of gays and lesbians. Watkins was finally discharged because of his homosexuality. When he challenged the military's anti-gay ban, the 9th Circuit court decided in his favor, in Watkins v. United State Army, 875 F.2d 699 (1989). The 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the army had treated Watkins unfairly in discharging him when they had "plainly acted affirmatively in admitting, re-enlisting, retaining, and promoting" him throughout his career.

In the early 1990s, the Don't ask, don't tell policy for gays in the military was enacted during the presidency of Bill Clinton. According to Keith Boykin in One More River to Cross, Watkins felt betrayed by gay rights leaders of all races for not seeking his assistance.

Watkins died on March 17, 1996 at his home in Tacoma, Washington of complications relating to AIDS.

1969 – "Staircase," a film in which Rex Harrison and Richard Burton play lovers, has its world premiere. The film, like the play, is about an aging gay couple who own a barber shop in the East End of London. One of them is a part-time actor about to go on trial for propositioning a police officer. The action takes place over the course of one night as they discuss their loving but often volatile past together and possible future without each other. It was panned by most critics, including Roger Ebert, who gave it one star in his review and called it ˆ. Rarely seen on television, the film was broadcast by Turner Classic Movies during its June 2007 tribute to gay cinema.

1974 – Santino Rice is an American fashion designer and television personality. He is best known for his appearances on the reality television programs Project Runway, RuPaul's Drag Race, and On the Road with Austin and Santino.

Rice became well known for the charismatic and sometimes abrasive persona that he presented on Project Runway, and he was often cited as the "villain" of the show. He was also known for his humor, including his impersonations of mentor Tim Gunn.

After Project Runway, Rice was selected to be one of the judges of the Miss Universe 2006 pageant. He was also asked by MTV VJ SuChin Pak to design her dress for the 2006 MTV Movie Awards. The following year, Rice made a guest appearance in the sixth episode of America's Most Smartest Model, in which he taught the contestants about fashion design. As of 2008, he was creating a new cigarette pack design for Camel, dressing a handful of elite private clients, and working on building his own clothing company.

More recently, Rice has been cast in two main roles in reality television. Since 2009, he has been a member of the judging panel on the Logo reality program RuPaul's Drag Race, a talent competition for drag queens that has enjoyed a five-season run and an All Stars season. Rice also starred in the Lifetime show On the Road with Austin and Santino, alongside fellow Project Runway alumnus Austin Scarlett. The show, which premiered in 2010, followed Rice and Scarlett as they visited various American small towns, designing clothing for women who have upcoming special occasions.

Rice also played a minor role as a homeless man in the independent queer cinema thriller L.A. Zombie, which premiered in 2010.

Rice currently lives and works in Hollywood. He has been referred to in the press as bisexual but has said the following of his own sexual orientation: "You can just call me gay but I like men and I am attracted to beautiful women. I didn't like the negativity that was attached to being gay growing up so that is why I have problems with the label."

1992 – More than 90 gay men were arrested at a private party in Iran. Under Iranian law, homosexuals can be sentenced to death with the testimony of four men.

[catholicgurlypastor]

🙏I believe in God, the Father almighty, Creator of heaven and earth, and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died and was buried; he descended into hell; on the third day he rose again from the dead; he ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of God the Father almighty; from there he will come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen.🙏

🙏Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name; thy kingdom come; thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.Amen🙏

🙏Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with you; blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen.🙏

🙏Glory be to the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit; as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.🙏

After finishing each decade, some say the following prayer requested by the Blessed Virgin Mary at Fatima:

🙏O my Jesus, forgive us our sins, save us from the fires of hell; lead all souls to Heaven, especially those who have most need of your mercy.🙏

The Hail Holy Queen (The Salve Regina)🙏Hail, holy Queen, mother of mercy, our life, our sweetness, and our hope. To you we cry, poor banished children of Eve; to you we send up our sighs, mourning and weeping in this valley of tears. Turn, then, most gracious advocate, your eyes of mercy toward us; and after this, our exile, show unto us the blessed fruit of your womb, Jesus. O clement, O loving, O sweet Virgin Mary.🙏

🙏V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God.🙏R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ. 🙏Let us pray: O God, whose only begotten Son, by His life, death, and resurrection, has purchased for us the rewards of eternal life. Grant, we beseech Thee, that by meditating on these mysteries of the most holy Rosary of the Blessed Virgin Mary, we may imitate what they contain and obtain what they promise, through the same Christ our Lord. Amen. 🙏Pour forth we beseech Thee, O Lord, Thy grace into our hearts, that we to whom the incarnation of Christ, Thy Son, was made known by the message of an angel, may by His passion and cross be brought to the glory of His resurrection, through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen.

Prayer to St. Michael the Archangel🙏St. Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. Be our defense against the wickedness and snares of the Devil. May God rebuke him, we humbly pray, and do thou, O Prince of the heavenly hosts, by the power of God, thrust into hell Satan, and all the evil spirits, who prowl about the world seeking the ruin of souls. Amen.🙏

This prayer to Saint Joseph—spouse of the Virgin Mary, foster father of Jesus, and patron saint of the universal Church—was composed by Pope Leo XIII in his 1889 encyclical, Quamquam Pluries. He asked that it be added to the end of the Rosary, especially during the month of October, which is dedicated to the Rosary. The prayer is enriched with a partial indulgence (Handbook of Indulgences, conc. 19) and may be said after the customary Salve Regina and concluding prayer. It may also be used to conclude other Marian devotions. (From www.usccb.org)🙏To you, O blessed Joseph, do we come in our tribulation, and having implored the help of your most holy Spouse, we confidently invoke your patronage also. Through that charity which bound you to the Immaculate Virgin Mother of God and through the paternal love with which you embraced the Child Jesus, we humbly beg you graciously to regard the inheritance which Jesus Christ has purchased by his Blood, and with your power and strength to aid us in our necessities. O most watchful guardian of the Holy Family, defend the chosen children of Jesus Christ; O most loving father, ward off from us every contagion of error and corrupting influence O our most mighty protector, be kind to us and from heaven assist us in our struggle with the power of darkness. As once you rescued the Child Jesus from deadly peril, so now protect God’s Holy Church from the snares of the enemy and from all adversity; shield, too, each one of us by your constant protection, so that, supported by your example and your aid, we may be able to live piously, to die in holiness, and to obtain eternal happiness in heaven.Amen.🙏

FIRST PRAYER🙏O Mary, You shine continuously on our journey as a sign of salvation and hope. We entrust ourselves to you, Health of the Sick, who, at the foot of the cross, were united with Jesus’ suffering, and persevered in your faith. “Protectress of the Roman people”, you know our needs, and we know that you will provide, so that, as at Cana in Galilee, joy and celebration may return after this time of trial. Help us, Mother of Divine Love, to conform ourselves to the will of the Father and to do what Jesus tells us. For he took upon himself our suffering, and burdened himself with our sorrows to bring us, through the cross, to the joy of the Resurrection. Amen. We fly to your protection, O Holy Mother of God; Do not despise our petitions in our necessities, but deliver us always from every danger, O Glorious and Blessed Virgin.🙏

SECOND PRAYER🙏“We fly to your protection, O Holy Mother of God”. In the present tragic situation, when the whole world is prey to suffering and anxiety, we fly to you, Mother of God and our Mother, and seek refuge under your protection.Virgin Mary, turn your merciful eyes towards us amid this coronavirus pandemic. Comfort those who are distraught and mourn their loved ones who have died, and at times are buried in a way that grieves them deeply. Be close to those who are concerned for their loved ones who are sick and who, in order to prevent the spread of the disease, cannot be close to them. Fill with hope those who are troubled by the uncertainty of the future and the consequences for the economy and employment.Mother of God and our Mother, pray for us to God, the Father of mercies, that this great suffering may end and that hope and peace may dawn anew. Plead with your divine Son, as you did at Cana, so that the families of the sick and the victims be comforted, and their hearts be opened to confidence and trust.Protect those doctors, nurses, health workers and volunteers who are on the frontline of this emergency, and are risking their lives to save others. Support their heroic effort and grant them strength, generosity and continued health.Be close to those who assist the sick night and day, and to priests who, in their pastoral concern and fidelity to the Gospel, are trying to help and support everyone.Blessed Virgin, illumine the minds of men and women engaged in scientific research, that they may find effective solutions to overcome this virus.Support national leaders, that with wisdom, solicitude and generosity they may come to the aid of those lacking the basic necessities of life and may devise social and economic solutions inspired by farsightedness and solidarity.Mary Most Holy, stir our consciences, so that the enormous funds invested in developing and stockpiling arms will instead be spent on promoting effective research on how to prevent similar tragedies from occurring in the future.Beloved Mother, help us realize that we are all members of one great family and to recognize the bond that unites us, so that, in a spirit of fraternity and solidarity, we can help to alleviate countless situations of poverty and need. Make us strong in faith, persevering in service, constant in prayer.Mary, Consolation of the afflicted, embrace all your children in distress and pray that God will stretch out his all-powerful hand and free us from this terrible pandemic, so that life can serenely resume its normal course.To you, who shine on our journey as a sign of salvation and hope, do we entrust ourselves, O Clement, O Loving, O Sweet Virgin Mary. Amen.🙏

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.26 (before 1940)

657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seriously wounded. 920 – Rout of an alliance of Christian troops from Navarre and Léon against the Muslims at the Battle of Valdejunquera. 1309 – The Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII is recognized King of the Romans by Pope Clement V. 1509 – The Emperor Krishnadevaraya ascends to the throne, marking the beginning of the regeneration of the Vijayanagara Empire. 1529 – Francisco Pizarro González, Spanish conquistador, is appointed governor of Peru. 1579 – Francis Drake, the English explorer, discovers a "fair and good" bay on the coast of the Pacific Northwest (probably Oregon or Washington). 1581 – Plakkaat van Verlatinghe (Act of Abjuration): The northern Low Countries declare their independence from the Spanish king, Philip II. 1703 – During the Bavarian Rummel the rural population of Tyrol drove the Bavarian Prince-Elector Maximilian II Emanuel out of North Tyrol with a victory at the Pontlatzer Bridge and thus prevented the Bavarian Army, which was allied with France, from marching as planned on Vienna during the War of the Spanish Succession. 1745 – The first recorded women's cricket match takes place near Guildford, England. 1758 – French and Indian War: The Siege of Louisbourg ends with British forces defeating the French and taking control of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. 1775 – The office that would later become the United States Post Office Department is established by the Second Continental Congress. Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania takes office as Postmaster General. 1778 – The Emigration of Christians from the Crimea in 1778 begins. 1788 – New York ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 11th state of the United States. 1803 – The Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London, United Kingdom. 1814 – The Swedish–Norwegian War begins. 1822 – José de San Martín arrives in Guayaquil, Ecuador, to meet with Simón Bolívar. 1822 – First day of the three-day Battle of Dervenakia, between the Ottoman Empire force led by Mahmud Dramali Pasha and the Greek Revolutionary force led by Theodoros Kolokotronis. 1847 – Liberia declares its independence from the United States. France and the United Kingdom are the first to recognize the new nation. 1861 – American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run. 1863 – American Civil War: Morgan's Raid ends; At Salineville, Ohio, Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and 360 of his volunteers are captured by Union forces. 1882 – Premiere of Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal at Bayreuth. 1882 – The Republic of Stellaland is founded in Southern Africa. 1887 – Publication of the Unua Libro, founding the Esperanto movement. 1890 – In Buenos Aires, Argentina the Revolución del Parque takes place, forcing President Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman's resignation. 1891 – France annexes Tahiti. 1892 – Dadabhai Naoroji is elected as the first Indian Member of Parliament in Britain. 1899 – Ulises Heureaux, the 27th President of the Dominican Republic, is assassinated. 1908 – United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation). 1918 – Emmy Noether's paper, which became known as Noether's theorem was presented at Göttingen, Germany, from which conservation laws are deduced for symmetries of angular momentum, linear momentum, and energy. 1936 – Spanish Civil War: Germany and Italy decide to intervene in the war in support for Francisco Franco and the Nationalist faction. 1937 – Spanish Civil War: End of the Battle of Brunete with the Nationalist victory.

[fideidefenswhore]

Do you think the Pope declaring for Catherine so late is just sour grapes because Henry went ahead without him and did it himself? I kind of wonder sometimes what people expected Henry to do when the decision was clearly never coming. Just wait and be fine with the wait? If the marriage truly was so valid, it would always have been, so why wasn't that said right away, back in the 1520s if it's supposed to be an honest decision now?

I'll dive for it later if anyone has interest, but there is literally a contemporary report that Clement claimed he was going to declare for Henry if the child Anne had in 1533 was a son (oop, reversed this)...so ridiculous.

There's a lot of what-ifs on this topic, there's several reports that corroborate that Henry would've had the support of Charles V if he'd agreed to marry an Imperial princess, one of his relatives. I've even seen someone on the Tudor QA forum posit why didn't Henry just agree to do this and then flip the proverbial bird and marry Anne once the annulment was granted anyway, as if forever alienating any potential future Imperial alliance would've been much of a solution... there was also papal precedent of granting annulments and then revoking the annulments? Given the insecurity of the succession I actually think it makes sense that Henry had the annulment granted by Convocation and affirmed by Parliament in England first, there was a 50/50 chance, give or take, that that would become what it turned out to be; a fait accompli (with a papal fly in the ointment seasons later).

Why wasn't it declared valid in the 1520s is the ticket, especially considering the wording of the final judgement given (nothing about whether Catherine was a virgin upon marriage to Henry, which, as much as it was important to both of them, ended up being rather irrelevant), that enough time had passed to render the union honest, that Henry had for too long lived in marriage, that by doing so he had effectively deprived himself of the right to protest against the dispensation granted. The answer seems to be that they were just stalling for/buying time; the belief seemed to be that Henry would just tire of Anne and marry her off, which even if it had happened by, say, 1530, still wouldn't have changed that he didn't have a male heir... the other thing Clement said was that he'd be grateful if Catherine died because it would effectively solve the problem.

Life lesson: if you fence-sit for that long, you're bound to get hemorrhoids (or some less gross metaphor for schism...).

[fcb4]

The Death of the Knights Templar

One of the most challenging parts of reading Dante’s Comedy is the breadth of biblical, historical and mythological subject matter crammed into every Canto.

Reading Dante is an ongoing act of humiliation because of its continual exposure of one’s shallow grasp of the world one has been born into.

Every line leads one to a thread that demands you to follow. This morning it was these few lines that then led to a pile of historical threads fit for a hefty nerd sweater.

“I see the modern Pilate's cruelty not sated till he brings his ravening sails into the Temple, with no pope's decree.” -Purgatorio Canto 20:91-93

Commentary note on these lines:

King Philip IV’s crusade against the Templars was also an attack against the papacy, since the Templars were a pontifical order. Pope Clement V, Philip's puppet, who moved the Holy See to Avignon, had ordered an investigation into the orthodoxy of the Templars, but Philip would not wait for the results. Dozens of the leaders of the Templars were burned at the stake, exhorted, as they were dying, to admit their sins. To the last, calling to witness all the saints, each man asserted his innocence.”

The True History Of The Knights Templar With Dan Jones

https://youtu.be/hvuAnGRhOso?si=GNVI-aFZ1dshCSGo

In the end, I’m a wee bit more knowledgeable on why Dante used King Philip IV of France as an example of the destructive sin of greed.

[thestressedsimmer]

November 2nd, 1312. "Rest on In Peace" Church, Henford on Bagley

As soon as everybody was in the church for mass, it seemed that the Watcher Herself decided that the heavens should open. A storm blew through, basically making the congregation a captive audience.

Of course, Father Undewyn used this moment as an excuse to make his sermon extra long and artificially extend mass. He said prayers for every single soul in the graveyard, the Willow Creekian king, Pope Clement V....

The Queen and King Consort were in attendance - the Queen taking a moment to sit with her adoptive sister Jennet - leaving her husband to sit by her triplet, Hextilda.

After a couple of hours, even the most devout of the congregation was starting to wane. Their eyes drooping and legs falling asleep...

The Queen of Willow Creek, meanwhile, was noticeably not at mass. Her family said it was because she was ill but would not tell the public why... She was not at the stage of her pregnancy that they would be telling anybody about it. Not until the quickening, would be ideal - but as she started to show, people would probably guess since she is such a slim woman.

Her morning sickness was so bad. Her mother rarely ever felt this bad, but she was not as fragile as she was. She was constantly throwing up or unable to stand.

She mostly stayed in her bed, obeying what her little prince (hopefully) was demanding of her. Even if she had gotten up and went to mass, she never could have survived the hours' long affair that it had turned into.

[portraitsofsaints]

The Feast of the Guardian Angels 

This is a Catholic festival celebrated annually on October 2.  Paul V was the first Pope, in 1608, to authorize a feast day in honor of guardian angels. Pope Clement X changed the date to October 2 and Leo XIII, in 1883, upgraded the date to a double major feast.

{website}

[scotianostra]

On Friday October 13th 1307 hundreds of Knights Templar in France were simultaneously arrested by agents of the King of France Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into a “confession” of heresy.

The date is one of the fators mentioned when looking for origins of "Frida13th" n lore.

Yes it is a post primarily about France, but the Knights Templar were connected to Scotland for almost 200 years before the French King turned against them. Legend has it that following the dissolution of the Knights Templar in France survivors fled to Scotland with their Holy Treasures salvaged from France.

The Knights Templar presence in Scotland began in 1129 after King Henry I of England arranged and introduction of the Templar founder Hugh de Payens to our king David I. The meeting was a success and the Knights Templar were given a parcel of land seven miles south of Edinburgh that became known as 'Balantrodoch'.

Among the buildings at Balantrodoch was a typical Templar eight-sided church. After the Templar dissolution it was continuously remodeled until 1849 when it was abandoned as the town of Temple’s community kirk. The ruins of the church there might not resemle the original building, but the Templars have connections that have a rich history in our country.

This date in 1307 was the beginning of the end of the Knights Templar, King Phillip persuaded Pope Clement V to dissolve the Order, which in Scotland saw their assets, previously controlled from Temple in Midlothian, transferred to the Knights Hospitaller of the Order of St John of Jerusalem and administered from Torphichen Preceptory in West Lothian.

[cruger2984]

THE DESCRIPTION OF SAINT CAJETAN Founder of the Theatine Fathers and Patron of Gamers Feast Day: August 7

"If you want Christ to love you and help you, you must love Him, and always make every endeavour to please Him. Do not waver in your purpose, because even if all the saints and every single creature were to abandon you, He will always be near you, no matter what your needs may be."

Are you losing your job during the pandemic? Are you always wasting your money because you're bad at banking? Are you losing some stuff due to pulling a better gacha? This priest and founder is the one who solve all of your problems. This is Cajetan, nicknamed the 'Hunter of Souls', and is well-known as the patron saint of the unemployed, bankers, and gamers.

He was born Gaetano dei Conti di Thiene, in Vicenza, Veneto, Republic of Venice (now in Italy) on October 1, 1480, and is the son of Gaspar, lord of Thiene, and Mary Porta, persons of the first rank among the nobility of the territory of Vicenza in the Veneto region. When Cajetan was two, his father died. Quiet and retiring in nature, he was predisposed to piety by his mother.

Having obtained a doctorate in law and receiving a degree as doctor utriusque juris (both civil and canon law) from the University of Padua at the age of 24, and he spent two years as a senator in his hometown. In 1506, he worked as a diplomat for Pope Julius II, with whom he helped reconcile the Republic of Venice. But he was not ordained a priest until 1516. With the death of Pope Julius II in 1513, Cajetan withdrew from the papal court. Unsatisfied by that kind of life, he pursued his vocation in Rome, where he was ordained in 1516. Recalled to Vicenza by the death of his mother he founded in 1522 a hospital for incurables there. His interests were as much or more devoted to spiritual healing than the physical kind, and he joined a confraternity in Rome called the 'Oratory of Divine Love'.

A new congregation was canonically erected by Pope Clement VII in the year 1524. One of his four companions was Giovanni Pietro Carafa, the bishop of Chieti, elected first superior of the order, who later became pope as Paul IV. From the name of the city of Chieti (Theate in Latin), arose the name by which the order is known, the 'Theatines', commonly known as the Congregation of Clerics Regular.

They were committed to teach catechism, to assist the poor, and reform the clergy. They were known as Theatines in honor of the bishop of Chieti who joined them.

The order grew at a fairly slow pace: there were only twelve Theatines during the sack of Rome in 1527, during which Cajetan was tortured by the Spanish soldiers of Charles V who had mutinied, and they managed to escape to Venice, where they opened new houses. There Cajetan met Jerome Emiliani, whom he assisted in the establishment of his Congregation of Clerks Regular (Somascan Fathers). In 1533, he founded a house in Naples. The year 1540, found him in Venice again and from there he extended his work to Verona. He founded a bank to help the poor and offer an alternative to usurers (who charged high interest rates), and it later became the Banco di Napoli.

The reason why Cajetan is the patron of gamblers is this story. His connection to gambling is obscure. Popular lore says the people would ask him for a favor, and bet him a rosary that he couldn't come through. Since he always came through, he was able to get people to pray more.

Worn out by his restless apostolate, St. Cajetan died peacefully on August 7, 1547 at the age of 66. Advised by his physician not to lie in a hardboard but on a mattress, he replied: 'My Savior died on a cross, allow me at least to die on wood.'

Cajetan is beatified by Pope Urban VIII in 1629 and canonized by Pope Clement X in 1671. The Jesuit missionary, Eusebio Kino, who in 1691, established the mission San Cayetano de Tumacácori in honor of Cajetan. It is now Tumacacori National Historical Park in Arizona.

[thepastisalreadywritten]

SAINT OF THE DAY (November 4)

No age of the Catholic Church's history is without its share of confusion and corruption.

Still, even in moments when disorder may seem overwhelming, individuals and movements eventually arise to propose the faith with clarity and demonstrate it in action.

St. Charles Borromeo, a central figure in the Council of Trent, is remembered on November 4 as a model of such leadership in difficult times.

The circumstances of Charles' birth on 2 October 1538 could have easily allowed him to join the ranks of corrupt Renaissance-era clergy.

He was born into luxury, the son of noble parents, with a guaranteed income comparable to modern “trust funds.”

The Borromeo family was one of the most ancient and wealthy families in Lombardy, made famous by several notable men, both in the church and state.

His father Gilbert was Count of Arona. His mother Margaret was a member of the Milan branch of the House of Medici.

Early on, however, the young man signaled his intention to go against the cultural grain.

He announced his desire to serve the Church with sincerity, asking his father to give away the majority of the fund's money to the poor.

Charles could not escape a certain degree of wealth and prestige, which were expected due to his social class, but he insisted on using these forms of leverage to benefit the Church, rather than himself.

When he was 22, his opportunity came: the young lawyer and canonist's uncle was elected as Pope Pius IV.

Charles soon assumed staggering responsibilities, serving as a papal diplomat and supervisor of major religious orders.

The young man relaxed from these tasks through literature and music, taking no interest in the temptations abounding in Rome during the late Renaissance.

He considered renouncing even this temperate lifestyle for the strict observance of a monastery — but found himself more urgently needed in the work of concluding the Council of Trent.

The Church's nineteenth Ecumenical Council had begun in late 1545 but experienced many delays.

Its twofold mission was to clarify Catholic doctrine against Protestant objections and reform the Church internally against many longstanding problems.

As a papal representative, Charles participated in the council's conclusion in 1563, when he was only 25.

He also played a leading role in assembling its comprehensive summary, the Roman Catechism or 'Catechism of the Council of Trent.'

In reward for his labors, Charles received even greater responsibilities. Ordained a priest during the Council, he was named as archbishop and cardinal only months later.

He found his diocese of Milan in a state of disintegration, after two generations of virtually no local administration or leadership.

The new bishop got straight to work establishing schools, seminaries, and centers for religious life.

His reforms of the diocese, in accordance with the decrees of the council, were dramatic and effective, so much so that a group of disgruntled monks attempted to kill him. His survival was called miraculous.

The new archbishop's efforts for catechesis and the instruction of youth were especially fruitful, initiating the work of the Confraternity for Christian Doctrine and the first “Sunday School” classes.

He also gave important pastoral attention to English Catholics who fled to Italy to escape new laws against the Catholic faith.

St. Charles Borromeo's amazing diligence, frequent travel and ascetic living eventually took their toll.

The once young prodigy of the Papal Court also died young at the age of 46 on 3 November 1584.

He was beatified by Clement VIII on 12 May 1602. He was canonized by Paul V 26 years later, on 1 November 1610.

He is the patron of bishops, cardinals, seminarians, spiritual leaders, catechists, and catechumens.

[ask-pope-indulgentia]

How does it feel to be the prettiest pope since Clement V

*twirls hair and giggles* you really think I’m pretty hehe