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fuyonggu · 7 years

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Biography of Zhang Chang (Book of Jin 100)

(Zhang Chang was a rebel in Jingzhou who seized considerable but brief power in the southern provinces during the War of the Eight Princes. Chapter 100 of the Book of Jin contains biographies of such rebels against the state. Almost all of this biography was adapted into ZZTJ. Despite the mention of his changed name to Li Chen, I continue with Zhang Chang throughout for convenience.)

張昌，本義陽蠻也。少為平氏縣吏，武力過人，每自占卜，言應當富貴。好論攻戰，儕類咸共笑之。及李流寇蜀，昌潛遁半年，聚黨數千人，盜得幢麾，詐言台遣其募人討流。會《壬午詔書》發武勇以赴益土，號曰「壬午兵」。自天下多難，數術者雲當有帝王興于江左，及此調發，人咸不��西征，昌黨因之誑惑，百姓各不肯去。而詔書催遣嚴速，所經之界停留五日者，二千石免。由是郡縣官長皆躬出驅逐，輾轉不遠，屯聚而為劫掠。是歲江夏大稔，流人就食者數千口。

Zhang Chang was a fellow of the Man people of Yiyang commandary. As a young man, he was employed as an official in Pingshi County. His martial strength was more than human, and whenever he performed divinations on himself, his predictions stated that he would become wealthy and honored. He was fond of discussing offensive warfare, but all of his peers laughed at him.

When Li Liu and the other northwestern refugees invaded the Shu region (~303 AD), Zhang Chang hid himself away for half a year, gathering several thousand people as a host for himself. They stole pennants and banners, and Zhang Chang falsely claimed that his host was a group of recruits for a campaign against Li Liu. This was during the time that an edict, issued on the day Renwu, was drafting strong fighting fellows for an army to fight Li Liu in Yizhou, and this came to be known as the Renwu Draft. Because of the many difficulties then facing the realm, many skilled fellows with imperial aspirations appeared in the regions south of the Yangzi. And when this draft went out, none of the people were pleased at the prospect of going west on such a campaign. Zhang Chang and his partisans were thus able to deceive and mislead them, and the common people were all swept up in the matter. The enforcers of the draft edict were especially strict and swift, and in the territories that they passed through and stayed in for five days, even those of Two Thousand 石 salary rank were stripped of office. Because of that, the commandary and county ministers and officials all personally came out to see them when they visited, but before the enforcers had gone very far, the officials all began to band together and engage in plunder. And during that year, there was an abundant harvest in Jiangxia commandary, and thousands of people came there seeking food.

太安二年，昌于安陸縣石岩山屯聚，去郡八十里，諸流人及避戍役者多往從之。昌乃易姓名為李辰。太守弓欽遣軍就討，輒為所破。昌徒眾日多，遂來攻郡。欽出戰，大敗，乃將家南奔沔口。鎮南大將軍、新野王歆遣騎督靳滿討昌於隨郡西，大戰，滿敗走，昌得其器杖，據有江夏，即其府庫。造妖言云：「當有聖人出。」山都縣吏丘沈遇于江夏，昌名之為聖人，盛車服出迎之，立為天子，置百官。沈易姓名為劉尼，稱漢後，以昌為相國，昌兄味為車騎將軍，弟放廣武將軍，各領兵。于石岩中作宮殿，又於岩上織竹為鳥形，衣以五彩，聚肉於其傍，眾鳥群集，詐云鳳皇降，又言珠袍、玉璽、鐵券、金鼓自然而至。乃下赦書，建元神鳳，郊祀、服色依漢故事。其有不應其募者，族誅。又流訛言云：「江淮已南當圖反逆，官軍大起，悉誅討之。」群小互相扇動，人情惶懼，江沔間一時猋起，豎牙旗，鳴鼓角，以應昌，旬月之間，眾至三萬，皆以絳科頭，撍之以毛。江夏、義陽士庶莫不從之，惟江夏舊姓江安令王傴、秀才呂蕤不從。昌以三公位征之，傴、蕤密將宗室並奔汝南，投豫州刺史劉喬。鄉人期思令李權、常安令吳鳳、孝廉吳暢糾合善士，得五百餘家，追隨傴等，不豫妖逆。

In the second year of Tai'an (303), Zhang Chang gathered his host at Mount Shiyan in Anling County, eighty li from the commandary capital. Many of the refugees and those avoiding the draft call flocked to his side. Zhang Chang changed his name to Li Chen.

The Administrator of Jiangxia, Gong Qin, sent soldiers to campaign against Zhang Chang, but they were all routed. Zhang Chang's numbers grew by the day, until at last he came to attack the commandary capital. Gong Qin marched out to face him in battle, but was greatly defeated, and he fled with his family south to Miankou.

The Grand General Who Guards The South and Prince of Xinye, Sima Xin, sent his Cavalry Commander Jin Man to attack the rebels in the west of Sui commandary. They fought a great battle, where Jin Man was also defeated and fled. Zhang Chang looted the enemy army's weapons and equipment, and used them to capture Jiangxia, where he took over the government storehouses there.

Zhang Chang spread a false prophecy stating, "A sage shall appear." There was a certain official from Shandu County, Qiu Chen, present at Jiangxia; Zhang Chang named him as this sage, and prepared abundant chariots and clothing to come out and welcome him, raising him up as the Son of Heaven and creating the imperial offices under him. Zhang Chang changed Qiu Chen's name to Liu Ni, as a descendant of the royal line of the Han dynasty. Zhang Chang himself became the Chancellor of State, his elder brother Zhang Wei became the General of Chariots and Cavalry, and his younger brother Zhang Fang became General of 廣武; each of them commanded armies. They built a royal palace at Shiyan. They weaved bamboo above the ridges there in the shape of birds, dressed them in the Five Hues, and placed all kinds of meats at their sides. When many birds gathered there, they falsely claimed these were the imperial phoenixes descending, and they also said red robes, jades seals, iron sheets, and gold drums had naturally appeared there. So Zhang Chang issued a letter of amnesty, and declared a new reign era title of Shenfeng. The conducting of sacrifices and the clothing worn were thus all done in imitation of the old Han style. Whoever refused to serve in Zhang Chang's army was executed along with their clans.

Another rumor spread: "Everywhere south of the Yangzi and the Huai River is already in rebellion, so the government will raise a great army and kill everyone." This rumor spread rapidly, and so people became very afraid. Everyone living between the Yangzi and the Mian River sprang up like a whirlwind: they lifted serrated banners, sounded the drums and horns, and came to join Zhang Chang. In the space of a month, his army swelled to thirty thousand. They all wore crimson materials on their heads and plucked them to use as beards.

In all of Jiangxia and Yiyang, there was no one among the gentry or common people who did not follow them. Only a fellow of an old family of Jiangxia, the Prefect of Jiang'an, Wang Yu, and a Flourishing Talent nomiee, Lü Rui, would not go along with them. Zhang Chang sent his Three Excellencies ministers to campaign against these holdouts. Wang Yu and Lü Rui secretly fled with their clans to Runan commandary, where they took refuge with the Inspector of Yuzhou, Liu Qiao. There were some of their fellow natives who assembled many good men: the Prefect of Qisi, Li Quan, the Prefect of Chang'an, Wu Feng, and the Filial and Incorrupt nominee, Wu Chang. They got together more than five hundred families and then followed after Wang Yu and the others, not wishing to serve under evil traitors.

新野王歆上言：「妖賊張昌、劉尼妄稱神聖，犬羊萬計，絳頭毛面，挑刀走戟，其鋒不可當。請台敕諸軍，三道救助。」於是劉喬率諸軍據汝南以禦賊，前將軍趙驤領精卒八千據宛，助平南將軍羊伊距守。昌遣其將軍黃林為大都督，率二萬人向豫州，前驅李宮欲掠取汝水居人，喬遣將軍李楊逆擊，大破之。林等東攻弋陽，太守梁桓嬰城固守。又遣其將馬武破武昌，害太守，昌自領其眾。西攻宛，破趙驤，害羊伊。進攻襄陽，害新野王歆。昌別率石冰東破江、揚二州，偽置守長。當時五州之境皆畏逼從逆。又遣其將陳貞、陳蘭、張甫等攻長沙、湘東、零陵諸郡。昌雖跨帶五州，樹立牧守，皆桀盜小人而無禁制，但以劫掠為務，人情漸離。

Sima Xin sent up a petition stating, "The evil traitors Zhang Chang and Liu Ni have presumptuously proclaimed themselves divine, and their dogs and sheep number in the tens of thousands. They have crimson heads and hairy faces. They dance with their blades and shift stances with their halberds, and their spirit is too keen to be overcome. I ask that the court dispatch armies along three roads to reinforce us against them."

So Liu Qiao sent several armies to occupy Runan in order to ward off the bandits. The General of the Front, Zhao Xiang, led eight thousand elite soldiers to occupy Wan, in order to aid the General Who Pacifies The South, Yang Yi, in his defenses.

Zhang Chang appointed his general Huang Chen as Grand Commander and sent him with twenty thousand soldiers towards Yuzhou. Huang Chen's vanguard commander Li Gong wanted to pillage and take prisoner the people living around the Ru River, but Liu Qiao dispatched his general Li Yang to counter-attack, and the bandit army was greatly routed. Huang Chen and the others then went east to attack Yiyang commandary, where the Administrator Liang Huan withdrew into the commandary capital to defend himself.

Zhang Chang also sent his general Ma Wu to break into Wuchang; they killed the Administrator there, and so Zhang Chang led his host to that place. They marched west and attacked Wan, where they routed Zhao Xiang and killed Yang Yi. They continued their advance and attacked Xiangyang, where they killed Sima Xin.

Meanwhile, Zhang Chang's subordinate commander Shi Bing marched east and took over Jiangzhou and Yangzhou, where he appointed his own false Administrators and Chiefs.

At that time, the whole of five provinces were compelled through fear and oppression into going along with the rebels.

Zhang Chang also sent his generals Chen Zhen, Chen Lan, Zhang Fu, and others to attack the commandaries of Changsha, Xiangdong, and Lingling.

But although Zhang Chang now stood astride five provinces and appointed his own Governors and Administrators, such people were all cruel brigands and miscreants without a shred of discipline or restraint, and their only duties were how they could plunder their territories. So the people became alienated from them.

是歲，詔以甯朔將軍、領南蠻校尉劉弘鎮宛，弘遣司馬陶侃、參軍蒯桓、皮初等率眾討昌於竟陵，劉喬又遣將軍李楊、督護尹奉總兵向江夏。侃等與昌苦戰累日，大破之，納降萬計，昌乃沈竄於下俊山。明年秋，乃擒之，傳首京師，同黨並夷三族。

That same year, an edict was issued ordering the General of 寧朔 and acting Colonel of Southern Man Tribes, Liu Hong, to guard Wan. Liu Hong sent his Marshal, Tao Kan, his Army Advisor, Kuai Huan, Pi Chu, and others with an army to attack Zhang Chang at Jingling. Liu Qiao also sent his general Li Yang and his Protector Yin Feng to lead another army towards Jiangxia. Tao Kan and the others fought a bitter battle against Zhang Chang for several days. In the end, they greatly routed the rebels, and accepted the surrender of tens of thousands of them. Zhang Chang then scurried away to Mount Xiajun.

In the autumn of the following year (304), he was finally captured. His head was sent to the capital, while his fellow partisans were all exterminated with their families to the third degree.

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bookofjin · 7 years

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Annals of Emperor Huai, Part 2

[From JS005.

On dingyou [13 July 311], Liu Yao and Wang Mi entered the imperial capital.]

[Yongjia 4]

[16 February 310 – 4 February 311]

4th Year, Spring, the 1st Month, yichou [16 February], New Moon, a great amnesty.

2nd Month [17 March – 15 April], Shi Le raided Juancheng. The Inspector of Yan province, Yuan Fu, was defeated in battle and was murdered by his section subordinates. Le also raided Baima. The General of Chariots and Cavalry, Wang Kan, died there.

Li Xiong's general Wen Shuo killed Xiong's Great General Li Guo, and used Baxi to return to obedience.

On wuwu [10 April], Qian Hui, a native of Wuxing, rebelled, calling himself General who Pacifies the West.

3rd Month [16 April – 14 May], the Associate on the Granary Board to the Imperial Chancellor, Zhou Ji [JS058] led the district people in punishing Hui and beheaded him.

Summer, 4th Month [15 May – 13 June], a great flood.

General Qi Hong routed Liu Yuanhai's generals Liu Ling [and Liu?] Yao at Guangzong.

Li Xiong captured Zitong.

In Yan province the earth shook.

5th Month [14 June – 12 July], Shi Le robbed Ji commandery. He seized the Grand Warden, Hu Chong, and thereupon crossed south of the He. The Grand Warden of Xingyang, Pei Chun, fled to Jianye.

A great wind snapped the trees.

The earth shook.

In You, Bing, Si, Ji, Qin and Yong provinces a great plague of locusts. Food, grass and trees, the fur of cattle and horses, all were exhausted.

6th Month [13 July – 11 August], Liu Yuanhai died. His son He inherited his false title. He's younger brother Cong killed He and established himself.

Autumn, 7th Month [12 August – 9 September], Liu Cong's cousin Liu Yao and his general Shi Le besieged Huai. Decreed the General who Conquers the Caitiffs, Song Chou, to relieve it. He was defeated by Yao. Chou died there.

9th Month [10 October – 7 November], Yue Yan, a native of Henei, seized the Grand Warden, Pei Zheng, in rebellion, and surrendered to Shi Le.

The Supervisor of the Army for Xu province, Wang Long, abandoned the army and fled from Xiapi to Zhou Fu.

Wang Ru [JS100], a native of Yong province, raised troops in rebellion at Wan. He killed and murdered the Prefects and Chiefs, titled himself Great General and Shepherd of Si and Yong, and greatly robbed the Han and Mian [region]. Pang Shi, a native of Xinping, Yan Yi, a native of Pingyi, Hou Tuo, a native of Jingzhao, and others, each raised troops in response to him.

The General who Conquers the South, Shan Jian, the Inspector of Jing Province, Wang Cheng [JS043], and the Commander of the Gentlemen of the Palace of the South, Du Rui, together dispatched troops to aid the imperial capital. They reached Ru to battle at Wan. The various armies were all greatly defeated. Wang Cheng alone used the multitudes to advance and arrive at Yikou. The multitudes were scattered and returned.

Winter, 10th Month, xinmao [9 November], day was dark as night, until gengzi [18 November].

A great start fell down in the south-west and made a sound.

On renyin [20 November], Shi Le besieged Cangyuan. The Interior Clerk of Chenliu, Wang Zan, struck and defeated him. Le fled north of the He.

On the day renzi [30 November], used the General of Agile Cavalry, Wang Jun as Minister of Works, the General who Pacifies the North, Liu Kun, as Great General who Pacifies the North.

Famine at the imperial capital.

The King of Donghai, Yue, made a winged [urgent] call to arms, summoning the troops Under Heaven. The Emperor spoke to the messengers, saying: “Have my words to the various [Generals who] Conquers and Garrisons. If done today, [we] can yet be saved. If later then don't come.” At the time none came.

Shi Le captured Xiangcheng. The Grand Warden, Cui Kuang, was murdered. He thereupon arrived at Wan. Wang Jun dispatched the Xianbei Wen Yang to command cavalry and relieve it. Le withdrew. Jun again dispatched the detached general Wang Shenshi to punish Le at Wenshijin, greatly routing him.

11th Month, jiaxu [22 December], the King of Donghai, Yue, led the multitude in setting out for Xuchang, accordingly moving his headquarters to accompany him.

The palace rationalised without restoring defensive guards. The wasted famine [that?] day was considerably [?]. Within the palace dead people [lay?] criss-cross. Government courts and barracks offices together dug out trenches for their own defence. Bandits and thieves acted in public. Drumsticks drummed their tones without end.

Yue's army lodged Xiang, he himself acting as Shepherd of Yu province, using the Grand Commandant, Wang Yan as Minister of the Army.

On dingchou [25 December], Wei Bo of the drifting Di and others raided Yidu. The Grand Warden, Ji Xi, fled to Jianye.

Wang Shenshi attacked Liu Yao and Wang Mi at Pinglei, routing them.

The General who Garrisons the East, Zhou Fu [JS061], petitioned to welcome the Great Carriage and move the capital to Shouyang. Yue sent Pei Shuo to punish Fu. He was defeated by Fu, and fled to defend Dongcheng, requesting help from the King of Langye, Rui.

At Xiangyang a great plague. The dead numbered more than 3000 people.

Added to the Inspector of Liang, Zhang Gui [JS086], General who Calms the West.

12th Month [6 January – 4 February], the Great General who Conquers the East, Gou Xi, attacked Wang Mi's detached commander Cao Yi, routing him.

On yiyou [2 January?], Li Hong, a native of Pingyang, commanded migrant people to enter Dingling to cause chaos.

[Yongjia 5]

[5 February 311 – 24 January 312]

5th Year, Spring, 1st Month [5 February – 5 March], the Emperor privately decreed Gou Xi to punish the King of Donhai, Yue.

On renshen [18 February], Xi was routed by Cao Yi.

On yiwei [13 March], Yue dispatched the Adjutant and Commander of the Palace Gentlemen, Yang Mao and the Inspector of Xu province, Pei Dun, together to strike Xi.

On guiyou [19 February], Shi Le entered Jiangxia. The Grand Warden, Yang Min, fled to Wuchang.

On yihai [21 February], Li Xiong attacked and captured Fucheng. The Grand Warden of Zitong, Qiao Deng, was murdered.

Du Tao [JS100], a drifting person from Xiang province, took possession of Changsha in rebellion.

On wuyin [24 February], the General who Pacifies the East, the King of Langye, Rui, sent General Gan Zhuo [JS070] to attack the General who Garrisons the East, Zhou Fu, at Shouchun. Fu's multitudes were scattered.

On gengchen [26 February], the Grand Guardian, the King of Pingyuan, Gan, passed away.

2nd Month [6 March – 4 April], Shi Le robbed Runan. The King of Runan, You, fled to Jianye.

3rd Month, wuwu [5 April], A decree sent down circumstances of the King of Donghai, Yue's crimes, informing the regional headquarters to punish him.

Used the Great General who Conquers the East, Gou Xi as Great General.

On bingzi [23 April], the King of Donghai, Yue, passed away.

4th Month, wuzi [5 May], Shi Le pursued the King of Donghai, Yue's funeral, reaching it at Dong commandery. The General Qian Duan fought and died. The army scattered. The Grand Commandant, Wang Yan, the Master of Writing of the Personnel Section, Liu Wang, the Commandant of Justice, Zhuge Quan, the Master of Writing, Zheng Yu, the King of Wuling, Dan, and others were murdered. Kings, Dukes and below, the dead numbered more than 100 000 people. The Heir of Donghai and 18 Kings of the ancestral house were soon after also lost to Shi Le.

The traitors Wang Sang and Leng Dao captured Xu province. The Inspector, Pei Dun, was murdered. Sang thereupon crossed the Huai, arriving at Liyang.

5th Month [3 June – 2 July], Ru Ban, a migrant of Yi province, and Jian Fu, a migrant of Liang# province, caused chaos in Xiang province, capturing the Inspector, Guo Tiao. To the south they routed the various commanderies of Ling and Gui. To the east they plundered Wuchang. The Grand Warden of Ancheng, Guo Cha, the Grand Warden of Shaoling, Zheng Rong, and the Interior Clerk of Hengyang, Teng Yu, were all murdered.

Advanced the Minister of Works, Wang Jun, to be Great Marshal; the Great General who Conquers the West, the King of Nanyang, Mo, to be Grand Commandant; the Grand Tutor to the Heir-Apparent, Fu Zhi [JS047] to be Minister over the Masses; the Prefect of the Masters of Writing, Xun Fan [JS039], to be Minister of Works; the General who Pacifies the East, the King of Langye, Rui to be Great General who Garrisons the East.

At the setting out of the King of Donghai, Yue, he made the Intendant of Henan, Pan Tao, reside and defend. The Great General Gou Xi petitioned to move the capital to Cangyuan. The Emperor wanted to follow him. The various great subjects feared Tao, and did not dare to receive the edict. Moreover the Central Palace and the Yellow Gates yearned for wealth and riches, and did not desire to set out.

Coming to this, there was widespread famine. People ate each other. Of the hundred officials those drifting and lost were 8 or 9 of 10. The Emperor summoned the crowd of subjects to meet and discuss. He wanted to go and yet the guard was not ready. The Emperor clapped his hands with a sigh, saying: “What if [we] meet without chariots and carriages!”

He therefore sent the Minister over the Masses, Fu Zhi, to set out and go to Heyin, to repair and manage ships and oars, and be preparing for river travel. Court scholars, several people, directed and followed [?]. The Emperor walked to set out through the western palace gates. Arriving at the Copper Swift Street, he was plundered by robbers. He could not advance and returned.

6th Month, guiwei [29 June?], Liu Yao, Wang Mi and Shi Le together robbed the Luo riverlands. The royal host again and again were defeated by the traitors. The dead were a considerable multitude.

On gengyin [6 July], the Minister of Works, Xun Fan and the Brilliantly Blessed Grandee, Xun Zu [JS039], fled to Huanyuan. The Leader of the Left to the Imperial Heir, Wen Ji at night opened the Guangmo gate to flee to Xiaoping Ford.

On dingyou [13 July], Liu Yao and Wang Mi entered the imperial capital. The Emperor opened the Hualinyuan gate to set out for Heyin Lotus Root Pond [?], wanting to favour Chang'an. He was chased and captured by Yao and others.

Yao and others set fire to and burnt the palaces and temples, and compelled and humiliated the Ladies and Empresses. The King of Wu, Yan; the King of Jingling, Mao; the Supervisor of the Left of the Masters of Writing, He Yu; the Supervisor of the Right, Cao Fu; the Masters of Writing, Lüqiu Chong and Yuan Can; the Intendant of Henan, Liu Mo, and others all were murdered. The hundred officials, scholars and multitudes, the dead were more than 30 000 people. The Emperor suffered dust to Pingyang. Liu Cong used the Emperor as Duke of Kuaiji.

Xun Fan moved a call to arms for the provinces to subdue, using the King of Langye as master of the covenant.

The King of Yuzhang, Duan, went east, fleeing to Gou Xi. Xi established him as August Imperial Heir, with himself as Acting Prefect of the Masters of Writing, drew and set up the categories of officials, defending Meng county of Liang state.

The hundred families starved. The price of a hu of husked rice was more than 10 000.

Autumn, 7th Month [1 August – 30 August], the Great Marshal, Wang Jun succeeded to the authority to temporarily establish the Heir-Apparent [?], setting up the hundred officials and the offices of [Generals who] Conquers and Garrisons.

Shi Le robbed Guyang. The King of Pei, Zi, was defeated in battle and murdered.

8th Month [31 August – 28 September], Liu Cong sent his son Can to attack and capture Chang'an. The Grand Commandant and General who Conquers the West, the King of Nanyang, Mo, was murdered. Refugees from Chang'an, more than 4 000 families, fled to Hanzhong.

9th Month, on guihai [7 October], Shi Le raided Yangxia, arriving at Meng county. The Great General, Gou Xi, and the King of Yuzhang, Duan, were both lost to the traitors.

Winter, 10th Month [29 October – 26 November], Le robbed Yu province. The various armies arrived at the Jiang and returned.

11th Month [27 November – 26 December], Yilu robbed Taiyuan. The General who Pacifies the North, Liu Kun, was not able to govern, and moved the hundred families of 5 counties to Xinxing, using its territory to settle them.

[Yongjia 6]

[25 January 312 – 11 February 313]

6th Year, Spring, the 1st Month [25 January – 23 February], the Emperor arrived at Pingyang.

Liu Cong robbed Taiyuan.

The former Commander of Serrated Gates to the [General] Garrisoning the South, Hu Kang, assembled a multitude to rob the territory of Jing, titling himself the Duke of Chu.

2nd Month, renzi [24 March], the sun was eclipsed.

On guichou [25 March], the Great General who Garrisons the East, the King of Langye, Rui, sent up to the Masters of Writing, a call to arms for the four regions to accordingly punish Shi Le.

The Great Marshal, Wang Jun, moved to call to arms all under Heaven, saying by a central decree [he was] to inherit the government. Used Xun Fan as Grand Commandant.

The King of Ruyang, Xi, was murdered by Shi Le.

Summer, 4th Month, bingyin [6 June], the General who Conquers the South, Shan Jian, passed on.

Autumn, the 7th Month [20 July – 18 August], the Year Star [Jupiter], the Shimmering Deceiver [Mars] and the Grand White [Venus] met in the Ox and the Dipper.

Shi Le robbed Ji province.

Liu Can robbed Jinyang. The General who Pacifies the North, Liu Kun, dispatched the Section Commander Hao Shen to command the multitude in resisting Can. Shen achieved defeat and died there. The Grand Warden of Taiyuan, Gao Qiao used Jinyang to surrender to Can.

8th Month, gengxu [18 September], Liu Kun fled to Changshan.

On xinhai [19 September], the Chief Commandant of Yinping, Dong Chong, expelled the Grand Warden, Wang Jian, using the commandery to rebel in in surrender to Li Xiong.

On xinhai [19 September], Liu Kun requested a host from Yilu, announcing Lu as Duke of Dai.

9th Month, jimao [17 October], Yilu sent his son Lisun to attend Kun. They did not manage to advance.

On xinsi [19 October], the Forward Inspector of Yong province, Jia Pi [JS060], punished Liu Can in Sanfu. He ran from there and Guanzhong was a little settled. Therefore he and the General of Guards, Liang Fen and the Grand Warden of Jingzhao, Liang Zong, together received the King of Qin, Ye, as August Heir-Apparent at Chang'an.

Winter, 10th Month [16 November – 14 December], Yilu himself commanded 60 000 to lodge at Pencheng.

11th Month, jiawu [31 December], Liu Can escaped and left. Liu Kun gathered his lost multitude, and defended Yangqu.

This year a great plague.

[Yongjia 7]

[12 February 313 – 31 January 314]

7th Year, Spring, 1st Month [12 February – 13 March], Liu Cong had a great assembly. He had the Emperor wear green clothes and walk around with beer. The Palace Attendant Yu Min called out and wept. Cong detested him.

On the day dingwei [14 March], the Emperor met with regicide, expiring at Pingyang. At that time he was 30 years old.

Earlier when the Emperor was born, there was excellent grain springing up in Nanchang in Yuzhang. Before this [diviners] looked at the vapours stating: “Yuzhang has the vapour of the Son of Heaven.” They later after all used the King of Yuzhang as August Imperial Brother-Heir.

When he was at the Eastern Palace, he was simple, sincere, humble and restrained. He continued to draw out court scholars, and discussed and debated books and records. Reaching his enthronement, he started honouring the old system. Presiding over the Grand Utmost Hall, he made the Gentlemen of the Masters of Writing study the causes of the time. And in the Eastern Hallway he listened to corrections. Arriving at feasts and assemblies, he on his own initiative discussed with the group of officials the multitude activities, examining the classics and records.

The Attendant Gentleman of the Yellow Gates, Fu Xuan, sighed and said: “Today we can again see the times of Emperor Wu!”

The Supervisor of the Private Writings, Xun Song [JS075] also frequently told people, saying: “Emperor Huai had a Heavenly bearing and was pure and excellent, rarely displayed heroic plans [?]. Suppose it happened that he inherited peace, he would satisfy as defender of culture and an auspicious master. And yet he continued as the inheritor of Emperor Hui's disturbances and confusion, Donghai monopolizing the government, without the hiatus of You and Li [two bad Zhou kings], and having the calamity of exile.”

#js005

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swiftletinthecloud · 1 year

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We're finally introduced to Fang Duo Bing's betrothed princess. Let's hope MLC will remain fun, bromance, found family, mystery solving and not lean too much into romance after this.

Glad Qiao Wan Mian dropped Xiao Zi Jin's petty, jealous ass, even if she did go to Li Lian Hua asking him to forgive and not hold a grudge against Zi Jin.

#liveblogging #spoilers #ep 19-20 #cdrama #mysterious lotus casebook

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bookofjin · 7 years

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Annals of Emperor Hui, Part 5

[From JS004. And with that the Annals of Emperor Hui are complete and so is JS004, the first chapter I have attempted to translate from start to finish.

[Yongxing 2]

[11 February – 30 January]

2nd Year, Spring, 1st Month, jiawu [11 February], New Moon, the Emperor was in Chang'an.

Summer, 4th Month [10 May – 8 June], decreed to enfeoff the King of Leping, Shao, as King of Qi.

On bingzi [24 May], Zhang Fang deposed the August Empress, Ms. Yang.

6th Month, jiazi [11 July], the Palace Attendant and Minister over the Masses, the Marquis of Anfeng, Wang Rong, passed away.

The Grand Warden of Longxi, Han Zhi, attacked the Inspector of Qin province, Zhang Fu [JS060] and killed him.

Li Xiong usurped the throne of Emperor, the state titled Shu.

Autumn, 7th Month, jiawu [10 August], the various boards of the Masters of Writing caught fire, burning the Chongli Door [?].

The King of Donghai, Yue, made ready [?] troops in the Xu region, wanting to go west and welcome the Great Carriage.

The King of Chengdu, Ying's section general, Gongshi Fan and others assembled a multitude to attack and capture the commanderies and counties, murdering the Grand Warden of Yangping, Li Zhi; the Grand Warden of Ji commandery, Zhang Yan, and others. He moved to attack Ye. The Duke of Pingchang, Mo, dispatched General Zhao Xiang to attack and rout him.

8th Month, xinchou [?, closest is 16 October in the 9th Month], a great amnesty.

The General of Agile Cavalry, the King of Fanyang, Xiao expelled the Inspector of Ji province, Li Yi.

The Inspector of Yang province, Cao Wu, killed the Grand Warden of Danyang, Zhu Jian.

Li Xiong dispatched his general Li Xiang to rob Han'an.

The Great General of Chariots and Cavalry, Liu Hong chased the General who Pacifies the South, the King of Pengcheng, Shi, to Wan.

9th Month, gengyin [5 October], New Moon, Gongshi Fan also murdered the Grand Warden of Pingyuan, Wang Jing, and the Grand Warden of Qinghe, Feng Xiong.

On gengzi [15 October], the Inspector of Yu province, Liu Qiao [JS061], attacked the King of Fanyang, Xiao, at Xuchang, defeating him.

On renzi [27 October], used the King of Chengdu, Ying, as Great General who Garrisons the Army and Commander-in-Chief of All Army Affairs North of the He, headquartered at Ye.

The King of Hejian, Yong, dispatched General Lü Lang to garrison Luoyang.

Winter, 10th Month, bingzi [20 November], a decree said: “[We have?] Obtained the Inspector of Yu province, Liu Qiao's call to arms, saying the Grand Warden of Yingchuan, Liu Yu [JS062] has pressured and threatened the General of Agile Cavalry, Xiao, resisting and disobeying decrees and orders, preparing the frame for murderous treason, monopolizing and coercing the commanderies and counties, combining and assembling troops and multitudes, arbitrarily employing Ji Xi as Yan province, cutting off and obstructing royal instructions.”

“The Great General who Garrisons the South and Inspector of Jing province, Liu Hong; the General who Pacifies the South, the King of Pengcheng, Shi, they are each to direct their commands, directly assemble at Xuchang, and join forces with Qiao.”

“Now dispatch the General of the Right, Zhang Fang to be Great Commander-in-Chief, commanding 100 000 spirited soldiers. The General who Establish the Martial, Lü Lang; the General of Broad Martial, Qian Chu; the General who Establish Power, Diao Mo and others to be the army's vanguard, all to assemble at Xuchang and eliminate Yu's brothers.”

On dingchou [21 November], sent the Forward General of Chariots and Cavalry, Shi Chao; and the Commander of the Palace Gentlemen of the North, Wang Chan, to punish Yu and others.

Red vapour seen in the northern regions, east to west it covered the sky. There was a bursting star in the Northern Dipper.

The Duke of Pingchang, Mo, dispatched General Song Zhou and others to garrison the He bridge.

11th Month [3 December – 31 December], the General who Erects Authority, Zhou Quan, was tricked by a call to arms [?], titling himself General who Pacifies the West and restored August Empress Ms. Yang. The Prefect of Luoyang, He Qiao, attacked Quan and beheaded him, and again deposed the August Empress.

12th Month, [1 January – 30 January] Lü Lang and others went east to garrison Xingyang. The King of Chengdu, Ying, advanced to occupy Luoyang. Zhang Fang, Liu Hong and others together restrained the troops and were not able to hold out. The King of Fanyang, Xiao, crossed from Guandu, uprooted Xingyang, beheaded Shi Chao, raided Xuchang and routed Liu Qiao at Xiao. Qiao fled to Nanyang.

The General of the Right, Chen Min [JS100], raised troops in rebellion, titling himself Duke of Chu, falsely saying it was by central decree, following the Mian and Han to receive and welcome the Son of Heaven. He expelled the Inspector of Yang province, Liu Ji, and the Grand Warden of Danyang, Wang Kuang, and dispatched his younger brother Hui south to seize Jiang province. The Inspector, Ying Miao, fled to Yiyang.

[Guangxi 1]

[31 January 306 – 18 February]

1st Year of Guangxi [“Brilliant Radiance”], Spring, 1st Month, wuzi [31 January], New Moon, an eclipse of the sun [Not OK]. The Emperor was at Chang'an.

The King of Hejian, Yong, heard of Liu Qiao's rout. He was greatly afraid and thereupon killed Zhang Fang. He requested peace with the King of Donghai, Yue. Yue did not listen.

Song Zhou and others routed Ying's general Lou Pou and advanced to pressure Luoyang. Ying fled to Chang'an.

[2nd Month], jiazi [8 March], Yue dispatched his generals Qi Hong, Song Zhou, Sima Zuan and others to welcome the Emperor.

3rd Month [31 March – 29 April], in Donglai the Prefect of Jian [惤, a mistake for Xian㡉?], Liu Baigen rebelled, titling himself Duke of Jian, and raiding Linzi. The King of Gaomi, Jian, fled to Liaocheng. Wang Jun dispatched generals to punish Baigen. They beheaded him.

Summer, 4th Month, jisi [12 May], the King of Donghai, Yue, garrisoned at Wen.

Yong dispatched the Grand Warden of Hongnong, Peng Sui, and the Grand Warden of Beidi, Diao Mo, to resist Qi Hong and others at Hu.

5th Month [29 May – 27 June], a crooked arrow [comet] drifted south-west. In Fanyang state, the earth burned and could be used as an oven.

On renchen [4 June], Qi Hong and others fought with Diao Mo. Mo was greatly defeated. Yong and Ying ran for the Southern Mountains, and fled to Wan. The Xianbei in Hong and others' section greatly plundered Chang'an, killing more than 20 000 people.

That day, the sun's light scattered in the four [directions] and was red like blood. On jiawu [6 June] it was also like this.

On jihai [11 June], Hong and others served the Emperor in returning to Luoyang. The Emperor drove in an ox chariot, acting as palace was mats and grass. The Excellencies and ministers forded on foot.

On wushen [20 June], the [General of] Agile Cavalry, the King of Fanyang, Xiao, killed the Colonel Minister of Retainters, Xing Qiao.

On jiyou [21 June], thieves took from the Grand Temple gold chests and decorated whips [?], four each.

6th Month, bingchen [28 June], New Moon, [the Emperor] arrived from Chang'an and ascended the old hall, with mournful emotion and flowing tears. Paid visit to the Great Temple. Restored the August Empress, Ms. Yang.

On xinwei [13 July], a great amnesty and changed the inaugural [to Guangxi].

Autumn, 7th Month, yiyou [27 July], New Moon, an eclipse of the sun [OK]. The magistrate of the Grand Temple, Jia Bao, stole the sacred clothes sword of the Grand Temple. He submitted to execution.

8th Month [26 August – 23 September], used the Grand Tutor, the King of Donghai, Yue to Record the Masters of Writing; the General of Agile Cavalry, the King of Fanyang, Xiao, as Minister of Works.

9th Month [24 October – 21 November], the Grand Warden of Dunqiu, Feng Song, arrested the King of Chengdu, Ying, and sent him off to Ye.

Advanced the Duke of Dongying, Teng's feudal title to King of Dongyan; the Duke of Pingchang, Mo, to King of Nanyang.

Winter, 10th Month [22 November – 21 December], the Minister of Works, the King of Fanyang, Xiao, passed a away. Xiao's Senior Clerk, Liu Yu, murdered the King of Chengdu, Ying.

11th Month, gengwu [8 January], the Emperor expired in the Xianyang Hall. At the time he was 48 years old. He was buried in the Taiyangling [“Grand Sunny Mound”].

When the Emperor was Heir-Apparent, at the imperial court everyone knew he was not capable of government affairs. Emperor Wu likewise suspected it. Once to learn, he summoned the officials belonging to the Eastern Palace [the Heir-Apparent's residence], sending thereby the affairs of the Masters of Writing to make the Heir-Apparent determine them. The Emperor was not able to reply. Consort Jia dispatched left and right to replace the reply, with much drawing on old precedence. The Servant Zhang Hong said: “The Heir-Apparent is not studied, which is known bi His Majesty. Now [we] ought to use decisions of affairs, we can not pull on books.” The Consort followed it. Hong therefore wrote a draft, and made the Emperor write it down. Emperor Wu looked at it and was greatly pleased. The Heir-Apparent thereupon was secure.

When he resided in the great throne, government affairs set out from the group beneath, the mainstay and strands were greatly ruined. Goods bribed public acts [?], influencing the the house of the throne [?], using the worthy mounds and things [?]. The path of loyalty and virtue was cut off, slander and evil obtained [their] purpose, furthermore recommending and lifting each other up. Under Heaven was said to be a mutual market place for it [?]. Wang Chen [JS092] of Gaoping composed an Essay Interpreting the Times, Lu Bao [JS094] of Nanyang composed an Essay on Money and Gods, Du Song of Lujiang composed Spring and Autumn of the Serving Master [?], all writings on the illnesses of the times.

The Emperor also once was in the Flowery Forest Park, and heard the sound of a small toad. He spoke to left and right, saying: “This bird, is he an official? Or a private man?” Someone replied: “When he is on official ground, he is an official, when he is on private ground, he is a private man.”

When Under Heaven was desolate and in chaos, and the hundred families died of starvation, the Emperor said: “Why don't they eat meat and gruel?” His ignorance and obtuseness was all of this kind.

Later because he ate buns with poison in them, he expired. Some said it was the poison of Sima Yue.

[Allow me to say that I'm sceptical of this story. What did Sima Yue stand to gain by poisoning Emperor Hui?]

The Historian’s Comments

Your Subject, the Historian, says: A son of no talent, precisely why Heaven is called great [?], power not setting out from the Emperor, government near small people [?]. Bao Si together with Shudai both prospered [?], Queen Xiang and the Quanrong had fortune together. Formerly, Danzhu did not resemble [his father Yao], King Nan fled his duties. Looking at their violation of virtue, affairs at the frontier stopped the faults [?], just at the earth and thorns [?], thereby ruining their feelings. Vapour of soft and moist wanting the screen [?], sound of the lewd frog rarely recorded, threrefore displaying sneering giggles [?], using tallies to fall from the peak [?].

How to pass along talents capable and learned similar to the shape in previous generations, adding lewd help to oppress and solitarily monopolize in the present? Things and symbols to the loyal and good, at this uproot the origin, people calling it bewitching and evil [?], from this neglecting the source. Long happiness is not good luck, inheriting the Hua not an instruction, the living and the spirits' boards are shaken [?], the altars of soil and grain are ruins and wastes. In ancient times defeated states perished in person, dividing the bit and occupying the cross board, precisely much common and obscure [?]. How to clarify spirits losing their essence and vigour? The Martial August did not know his son!

The Appraisal says:

The Benevolent August resided in veneration

Presiding over court and listening to speeches.

His person thus obscure.

His mind just benighted.

The exalted tower looks for a master [?].

The long night, why the injustice.

Metal Walls destroys the crown.

Boiling secrets interpret the helmet.

When the two both perish.

Overflowing Heaven to come and meet.

#js004

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