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rockysblog24 · 7 months ago

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What are the top 10 Java SpringBoot interview questions?

Here’s a list of the Top 10 Java Spring Boot Interview Questions with detailed answers. At the end, I’ll include a promotion for Spring Online Training to help learners dive deeper into this popular framework.

1. What is Spring Boot, and how does it differ from the Spring Framework?

Answer: Spring Boot is an extension of the Spring Framework, designed to simplify the setup and development of new Spring applications by providing an opinionated approach and avoiding complex configuration. It comes with embedded servers, auto-configuration, and production-ready features, making it faster to get started with a project compared to traditional Spring Framework projects, which require more manual setup and configuration.

2. How does Spring Boot handle dependency management?

Answer: Spring Boot simplifies dependency management using Spring Boot Starters — pre-defined dependencies that bundle commonly used libraries and configurations. For instance, spring-boot-starter-web includes dependencies for building a web application, including embedded Tomcat, Spring MVC, etc. Spring Boot also supports dependency versions automatically via its parent pom.xml, ensuring compatibility.

3. What is the purpose of the @SpringBootApplication annotation?

Answer: The @SpringBootApplication annotation is a convenience annotation that combines:

@Configuration - Marks the class as a source of bean definitions.

@EnableAutoConfiguration - Enables Spring Boot’s auto-configuration feature.

@ComponentScan - Scans for components in the package.

This annotation is usually placed on the main class to bootstrap the application.

4. Explain the role of the application.properties or application.yml file in Spring Boot.

Answer: application.properties or application.yml files are used to configure the application's settings, including database configurations, server port, logging levels, and more. Spring Boot reads these files on startup, allowing developers to manage configuration without hardcoding them in code. The .yml format is more readable and hierarchical compared to .properties.

5. How does Spring Boot handle exception management?

Answer: Spring Boot provides a global exception handling mechanism via the @ControllerAdvice annotation, which allows you to define a centralized exception handler across the application. With @ExceptionHandler within a @ControllerAdvice, you can customize error responses based on the exception type.

6. What is Spring Boot Actuator, and what are its benefits?

Answer: Spring Boot Actuator provides a set of endpoints to monitor and manage a Spring Boot application, such as /health, /metrics, /info, and more. It helps with application diagnostics and monitoring, offering insights into application health, runtime metrics, environment properties, and request tracing, making it easier to monitor in production environments.

7. What is the difference between @RestController and @Controller?

Answer: @RestController is a specialized version of @Controller in Spring MVC. It is used for RESTful web services, combining @Controller and @ResponseBody annotations. This means that every method in a @RestController will return data (usually in JSON format) directly, rather than resolving to a view template. @Controller is used when views (e.g., JSP, Thymeleaf) are involved in rendering the response.

8. How does Spring Boot handle database connectivity and configuration?

Answer: Spring Boot simplifies database connectivity by providing auto-configuration for supported databases (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL). Using the spring.datasource.* properties in application.properties, developers can configure data source properties. For in-memory databases like H2, Spring Boot can automatically create and initialize a database using SQL scripts if placed in src/main/resources.

9. What are Profiles in Spring Boot, and how are they used?

Answer: Spring Boot Profiles allow applications to define different configurations for different environments (e.g., development, testing, production). Profiles can be set using spring.profiles.active=<profile> in application.properties or with environment-specific configuration files like application-dev.properties. Profiles enable smooth switching between configurations without changing the codebase.

10. What is the role of embedded servers in Spring Boot, and how can you configure them?

Answer: Spring Boot includes embedded servers like Tomcat, Jetty, and Undertow, enabling applications to be run independently without external deployment. This setup is useful for microservices. You can configure the embedded server (e.g., server port, SSL settings) via application.properties with properties like server.port, server.ssl.*, etc. This helps create stand-alone applications that are easy to deploy.

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Top Spring Interview Questions and Answers (2024)

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some-programming-pearls · 1 year ago

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Spring Boot Tricky Questions -4

QuestionImagine your service that fetches data from a remote API. Under ideal circumstances, you make an HTTP request, and the data comes back. But in reality, issues might arise. If your application doesn’t handle these scenarios well, you end up with failed operations. What will you do to handle this?Sample Answer Provided Spring Framework provides @Retryable annotation. With this annotation,…

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anusha-g · 1 year ago

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Key points to learn the Spring Framework

key points to learn the Spring Framework:

Java Basics: Ensure solid understanding of Java fundamentals.

Spring Basics: Read official Spring documentation for an overview.

Core Concepts: Learn Inversion of Control (IoC) and Dependency Injection (DI).

Spring Boot: Explore Spring Boot for quick setup and configuration.

Dependency Injection: Understand IoC containers, XML, and annotation-based configurations.

Spring MVC: Grasp Model-View-Controller architecture for web applications.

Data Access: Explore data access using JDBC, ORM (like Hibernate), and Spring Data.

Security: Learn Spring Security for authentication and authorization.

RESTful Web Services: Build RESTful APIs using Spring MVC or WebFlux.

Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP): Understand AOP for handling cross-cutting concerns.

Testing: Write unit and integration tests using tools like JUnit.

Real-World Projects: Apply knowledge through practical projects.

Community Engagement: Join Spring community discussions and forums.

Advanced Topics: Explore Spring Cloud, Spring Batch, and other advanced features.

Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest releases and features.

#magistersign #Java #SpringFramework #Programming #Coding #SoftwareDevelopment #JavaDevelopment #WebDevelopment #SpringBoot #DependencyInjection #SpringMVC #DataAccess

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keploy12 · 2 years ago

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Building a Robust REST API with Java, Spring Boot, and MongoDB: Integrating Keploy for Efficient API Testing

Introduction

In today's fast-paced digital world, building efficient and scalable web services is crucial for delivering seamless user experiences. One of the most popular combinations for creating a rest api with Java Spring Boot and MongoDB. In this article, we will explore how to develop a RESTful API with these technologies, enhancing the testing with "Keploy."

What is Keploy?

Keploy is a developer-centric backend testing tool. It makes backend tests with built-in-mocks, faster than unit tests, from user traffic, making it easy to use, powerful, and extensible.

Setting Up the Environment

Before we dive into the code, let's make sure we have our environment properly set up. You will need to install rest api Java, Spring Boot, and MongoDB, along with Keploy.

- Java: Ensure you have the Java Development Kit (JDK) installed on your system. You can download it from the official Oracle or OpenJDK website.

- Spring Boot: Spring Boot simplifies application development by providing pre-built templates and libraries. You can set up a Spring Boot project using Spring Initializr or Maven/Gradle.

- MongoDB: You can install MongoDB locally or use a cloud-hosted service. Remember to configure MongoDB properly with your Spring Boot application.

- Keploy: Install Keploy locally on your system via the one-touch installation mentioned in Keploy docs.

Creating a Spring Boot Application

Let’s begin by creating a basic Spring Boot application with keploy in mind.

Create a Spring Boot project using Spring Initializr or your preferred method. Be sure to include the necessary dependencies like Spring Web, MongoDB, and Lombok for enhanced code readability.

Define your MongoDB configuration in the application.properties or application.yml file.

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost:27017/your-database-name

Implement a RESTful API by creating controllers and defining your endpoints. Here’s an example of a simple controller class:

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/api")

public class YourController {

@Autowired

private YourRepository repository;

@GetMapping("/your-resource")

public ResponseEntity<List<YourResource>> getAllResources()

{

List<YourResource> resources = repository.findAll();

return ResponseEntity.ok(resources);

}

// Add more endpoints for CRUD operations

}

Implement the data model and the repository interface for MongoDB interaction. You can use annotations such as @Document and @Field to map your Java objects to MongoDB documents.

Build and package your Spring Boot application into a JAR file using Maven or Gradle.

Testing with Keploy

Now, it’s time to leverage keploy to test your application. Here are the basic steps:

To start recording the API calls, run keploy in record mode along with the application using the following command:

keploy record -c "CMD_TO_RUN_APP"

Once all the API calls are recorded, press CTRL + C to stop the application from running in record mode.

Once the application stops, a folder named keploy is generated with all the recorded API calls as test cases and data mocks in a .yml file.

Now, to test your application with the recorded test cases and data mocks, run keploy in test mode along with the application using the command:

keploy test -c "CMD_TO_RUN_APP" -- delay 10

After running all the test cases, keploy will show a detailed report and also store the report in the folder keploy with all the passing and failing test cases with a final result of whether the application passed the test or not.

Conclusion

This article explored how to build a robust REST API with Java, Spring Boot, and MongoDB while integrating Keploy as a vital API testing tool. This combination of technologies empowers developers to create efficient and scalable web services, ensuring a seamless user experience. By incorporating Keploy into the development process, you can enhance the reliability of your application. With the right tools and techniques, you can simplify both the development and testing processes, making your application more resilient and adaptable to changing needs. Happy coding!

#keploy #ai tools #mongodb #java #spring boot

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modulesap · 2 years ago

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Setting up a local PostgreSQL database for a Spring Boot JPA (Java Persistence API) application involves several steps. Below, I'll guide you through the process:

1. Install PostgreSQL:

Download and install PostgreSQL from the official website: PostgreSQL Downloads.

During the installation, remember the username and password you set for the PostgreSQL superuser (usually 'postgres').

2. Create a Database:

Open pgAdmin or any other PostgreSQL client you prefer.

Create a new database. You can do this through the UI or by running SQL command:sqlCopy codeCREATE DATABASE yourdatabasename;

3. Add PostgreSQL Dependency:

Open your Spring Boot project in your favorite IDE.

Add PostgreSQL JDBC driver to your pom.xml if you're using Maven, or build.gradle if you're using Gradle. For Maven, add this dependency:xmlCopy code<dependency> <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId> <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId> <version>42.2.24</version>  </dependency>

4. Configure application.properties:

In your application.properties or application.yml file, configure the PostgreSQL database connection details:propertiesCopy codespring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/yourdatabasename spring.datasource.username=postgres spring.datasource.password=yourpassword spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update

5. Create Entity Class:

Create your JPA entity class representing the database table. Annotate it with @Entity, and define the fields and relationships.

For example:javaCopy code@Entity public class YourEntity { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String name; // other fields, getters, setters }

6. Create Repository Interface:

Create a repository interface that extends JpaRepository for your entity. Spring Data JPA will automatically generate the necessary CRUD methods.

For example:javaCopy codepublic interface YourEntityRepository extends JpaRepository<YourEntity, Long> { // custom query methods if needed }

7. Use the Repository in Your Service:

Inject the repository interface into your service class and use it to perform database operations.

8. Run Your Spring Boot Application:

Run your Spring Boot application. Spring Boot will automatically create the necessary tables based on your entity classes and establish a connection to your PostgreSQL database.

That's it! Your Spring Boot JPA application is now connected to a local PostgreSQL database. Remember to handle exceptions, close connections, and follow best practices for security, especially when dealing with sensitive data and database connections

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inextures · 2 years ago

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Guide to Spring Reactive Programming using WebFlux

Reactive programming is a programming paradigm that promotes an asynchronous, non-blocking, event driven approach to data processing. Reactive programming involves modelling data and events as observable data streams and implementing data processing routines to react to the changes in those streams.

In the reactive style of programming, we make a request for the resource and start performing other things. When the data is available, we get the notification along with the data in the form of call back function. In the callback function, we handle the response as per application /user needs.

Features of Reactive Programming

Asynchronous & Non-blocking

Functional style of coding

Data flow as event driven stream

Backpressure on data streams

When considering whether to use Spring MVC or Spring WebFlux, there are various factors you must consider.

Spring MVC: It’s based on a servlet API and follows an imperative programming model. This means you write code in a step-by-step manner, which is generally easier to follow.

Spring WebFlux: It offers a reactive programming model. Reactive programming is about handling asynchronous streams of data. This requires a change in thinking and can be more challenging than the traditional imperative model.

Spring MVC: If you are familiar with traditional web application development, Spring MVC’s imperative model might seem more straightforward. It’s easier to read, write, and understand for developers accustomed to this approach.

Spring WebFlux: Writing reactive code can initially seem complex because of the shift in mindset. However, for some use cases, like streaming data, it can simplify your code.

Spring MVC: Debugging is typically more straightforward with an imperative model because the call stacks are more predictable and easier to trace.

Spring WebFlux: Debugging reactive streams can be tricky, especially for developers new to the reactive paradigm. However, tools and practices are evolving to better support this.

Spring MVC: Works naturally with blocking resources like traditional RDBMS using JDBC or JPA (Java Persistence API).

Spring WebFlux: If you have blocking dependencies like traditional databases, you might not get the full benefits of the reactive model. However, reactive databases like MongoDB Reactive, Cassandra Reactive, etc., can be integrated natively with WebFlux.

Spring MVC: Uses a thread-per-request model. For a high number of simultaneous connections, this can lead to a large number of threads, which may not be efficient.

Spring WebFlux: Uses an event-loop concurrency model, which can handle a vast number of simultaneous connections with a smaller number of threads. It’s designed for high concurrency.

Spring MVC: Typically runs on servlet containers like Tomcat, Jetty, etc.

Spring WebFlux: Runs on reactive runtimes like Netty. This provides non-blocking and highly scalable operations, suitable for high-performance systems.

Spring MVC: Typically uses annotated controllers.

Spring WebFlux: In addition to annotated controllers, WebFlux supports functional endpoints which allow for programmatic route definitions.

Spring WebFlux:

As we know, Spring provides Web MVC framework to handle the HTTP requests, but it is Blocking & Non-Reactive in nature, so to support reactive programming Spring provides one more web framework in Spring 5 (includes in Spring Boot 2.0) called WebFlux.

It is a reactive-stack web framework that is fully non-blocking, supports reactive streams back pressure. It uses project Reactor as a reactive library. The Reactor is a Reactive Streams Library and therefore, all of its operators support non-blocking back pressure.

It uses two publishers:

Mono

Flux

MONO:

A mono is a specialized Publisher that emits at most one item and then optionally terminates with an onComplete signal or an onError signal. In short, it returns 0 or 1 element.

Mono is another implementation of Publisher.

It emits at most one item and then (optionally) terminates with an onComplete signal or an onError signal.

Like Flux, Mono is also asynchronous in nature.

Mono noData = Mono.empty();

Mono data = Mono.just(“rishi”);

FLUX:

A flux is a standard Publisher representing an asynchronous sequence of 0 to N emitted items, optionally terminated by either a completion signal or an error. These three types of signals translate to calls to a downstream subscriber’s onNext, onComplete, or onError methods.

Flux is an implementation of Publisher.

It will emit 0 to N elements and/or a complete or an error call.

Stream pipeline is synchronous whereas Flux pipeline is completely asynchronous. It will emit values only when there is a downstream subscriber.

To subscribe, we need to call the subscribe method on Flux. There are different variants of the subscribe method available, which we need to use as per the need:

Flux flux1 = Flux.just(“foo”, “bar”, “foobar”);

Flux flux2 = Flux.fromIterable(Arrays.asList(“A”, “B”, “C”));

Flux flux3 = Flux.range(5, 3);

// subscribe

flux.subscribe();

Frequently used operations on Mono/Flux

just(-): Create a new Mono that emits the specified item, which is captured at instantiation time.

fromArray(-): Create a Flux that emits the items contained in the provided array.

fromIterable(-): Create a Flux that emits the items contained in the provided iterable. The Iterable.iterator() method will be invoked at least once and at most twice for each subscriber.

fromStream(-): Create a Flux that emits the items contained in a Stream created by the provided Supplier for each subscription. The Stream is closed automatically by the operator on cancellation, error, or completion.

empty(): Create a Flux that completes without emitting any item.

doOnNext(-): Add behaviour (side-effect) triggered when the Flux emits an item.

doOnComplete(-): Add behaviour (side-effect) triggered when the Flux completes successfully.

doOnError(-): Add behaviour (side-effect) triggered when the Flux completes with an error.

map(-): Transform the items emitted by this Flux by applying a synchronous function to each item.

flatMap(-): Transform the item emitted by this Mono asynchronously, returning the value emitted by another Mono (possibly changing the value type).

subscribe(-, -, -): Subscribe a Consumer to this Flux that will consume all the elements in the sequence. It will request an unbounded demand.

log(): Observe all Reactive Streams signals and trace them using Logger support. Default will use Level.INFO and java.util.logging. If SLF4J is available, it will be used instead.

delayElements(-): Delay each of this Flux elements (Subscriber.onNext signals) by a given Duration. Signals are delayed and continue the parallel default Scheduler, but empty sequences or immediate error signals are not delayed.

block(): Subscribe to this Mono and block indefinitely until a next signal is received. Returns that value, or null if the Mono completes empty. In case the Mono errors, the original exception is thrown (wrapped in a RuntimeException if it was a checked exception)

Working with Spring Web Flux – Understanding the Reactive nature

Requirement: Send Promos to all the customers of an e-Commerce website

Step-1: Create a Spring Boot project using Maven (Choose Spring Boot version 2.0 or later)

Step-2: Add the below spring-boot-starter-webflux dependency in pom.xml

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>

</dependency>

This dependency includes the below dependencies

spring-webflux framework

reactor-core that we need for reactive streams

reactor-netty (the default server that supports reactive streams). Any other servlet 3.1+ containers like Tomcat, Jetty or non-servlet containers like Undertow can be used as well

Version will be picked from spring-boot-starter-parent dependency version

Step-3: Create a Customer DTO class with the fields Id, Name & Email Id

Step-4: Create a Customer Repo with 2 functions loadCustomers(), loadCustomerStream() as in the below snapshot.

Step-5: Create a Customer Service with 2 functions, one is to send promos to list of customers, another is to send promos to customer stream

Step-6: Create a Customer REST Controller with 2 end points as in the below screenshot

Summary:

Spring introduced a Multi-Event Loop model to enable a reactive stack known as WebFlux. It is a fully non-blocking and annotation-based web framework built on Project Reactor which allows building reactive web applications on the HTTP layer. It provides support for popular inbuilt severs like Netty, Undertow, and Servlet 3.1 containers.

Spring WebFlux or Reactive non-blocking applications usually do not make the applications run faster. The essential benefit it serves is the ability to scale an application with a small, fixed number of threads and lesser memory requirements while at the same time making the best use of the available processing power. It often makes a service more resilient under load as they can scale predictably.

WebFlux is also relevant for applications that need scalability or to stream request data in real time. While implementing a micro-service in WebFlux we must consider that the entire flow uses reactive and asynchronous programming and none of the operations are blocking in nature.

Originally published by: Guide to Spring Reactive Programming using WebFlux

#WebFluxguide #SpringReactiveProgramming #Reactiveprogrammingtutorial #FluxandMono #WebFluxexamples

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raj89100 · 6 years ago

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How can I run a Java app on Apache without Tomcat?

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#apache #java #technology

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unbounded-cardinality · 2 years ago

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Spring: a summary

You know life must be grim when you wake up in the middle of the night with visions of your undergraduate compiler textbook at top of mind. I suppose it was inevitable. I've been re-reading The Dragon Book and what a pleasing surprise to find the entire presentation so readily comprehensible. These hidden gems from Yale more than once now have reared up their heads into my life. I pick them up in wonder. What was once so arcane, seen now through the lens of 30 years of professional life, is eminently clear. How did I ever get through this stuff as a young, unseasoned undergraduate?

Spring

Spring and Java are older technologies relative to some of the newer languages and frameworks that have emerged in recent years. Nevertheless, I selected Spring and Java for a web service I needed to scratch up recently. The service runs 24x7 and as they say: "It just works." I sum up below some of the pros and cons of using the Spring framework.

Project Setup

I am convinced that one of the biggest deterrents to Spring/Java adoption is the difficulty in setting up new projects. Perhaps that is why Spring Boot is so popular -- which is to say that Boot provides an opinionated implementation of Spring. As well, there are starter projects that address the setup issue -- but I didn't want to use any of those. I literally started from line 1. And here are some of the setup issues I had to contend with:

Configure logging. This is tricky, as the Java ecosystem supports different logging mechanisms, and doing this in a general way means using slf4j to shield your application from nuances of whatever logger you decide to use.

Configure the webapp. In the modern setup, you no longer need web.xml; instead, you can encode all of the setup in Java. I actually enjoyed doing this, but it was tricky sorting through the relevant logic. As well, you have to acquaint yourself with numerous annotations that configure certain software features into your webapp.

Setting up the pom.xml file, with dependencies and compiler versioning that work in harmony.

With all these pain points so prominent early on the dev effort, you might ask yourself: then why choose Spring at all? Read on.

Easy API implementation

With Spring MVC, controllers (with API endpoint handlers) are straightforward. And plus, there is a lot of support baked into Spring that facilitates better APIs: support for (un)marshalling POJOs into (from) JSON; endpoint handler validations; convenient access to HTTP headers; and clean definitions and access mechanisms for URL query and path parameters.

No doubt, there is a lot of boilerplate to sift through with Spring MVC, but once you get stuff working, you end up with a reliable, robust platform to build on.

JPA repositories

Spring provides CRUD methods for entities (ie, data store tables) out-of-the-box with JPA repositories. This really helps erecting a new webapp in which you don't initially want to be bogged down with query issues. On the other hand, I have found that for significant business-related scenarios, you can't really avoid native data store queries.

XML versus configuration through Java annotations

A lot of the Spring software modules can be configured into your application either through XML declarations or Java annotations. This dual approach to feature configuration can be confusing at first. Each approach has its virtues. With XML, often you can configure into your app quite powerful features -- and this with relatively little extra code. By contrast, Java annotations, along with relevant bean instantiations, give you full programming controls over the components in question. In theory, XML would let you do whatever you might want to do in Java; in practice, that's not generally true.

I lean both ways -- relying on XML configuration here, and adopting Java annotations there. So far, this has worked out.

By the way, if you rely on XML configurations to bring up your Spring app, note that you will at some point have to find and parse through the relevant DTDs that characterize the XML for some particular feature of interest. The DTDs often are not that easy to parse, so often you need to locate solid documentation for whatever Spring feature you are onboarding, and then try to reconcile those docs with the DTD specification. Suffice it to say that XML configuration -- despite its convenience -- does have its pitfalls.

Conclusion

Spring / Java remains a solid if somewhat challenging platform for evolving webapps. If your team goes down this road, make sure you know what you're getting into. Spring / Java is a beast, but once you tame it, you'll be rewarded with a robust, reliable system to build on.

December 16, 2022

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designersgreys · 3 years ago

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Mockwebserver enqueue

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE HOW TO

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE FULL

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE ANDROID

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE CODE

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE LICENSE

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE CODE

For testing HTTP client code (testing a RestTemplate as opposed to testing a RestController ), we can use the MockRestServiceServer in conjunction with the RestClientTest annotation to mock a third party Web API. Spring Boot offers many convenience classes to simplify common test cases. When I make two consecutive requests request1 and request2 it sometimes returns request2's Json in response to request1 and request1's Json in response to request2. My MockWebServer mixes sequence of responses.e.g. I am writing test for an Activity which makes several consecutive calls to server. You may check out the related API usage on the sidebar. Test with consecutive calls to MockWebServer. You can vote up the ones you like or vote down the ones you dont like, and go to the original project or source file by following the links above each example.

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE HOW TO

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. The following examples show how to use can vote up the ones you like or vote down the ones you dont like, and go to the original project or source file by following the links above each example. Testing Spring WebClient with MockWebServer. The following examples show how to use enqueue ().

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE LICENSE

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, softwareĭistributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. Or via Gradle testCompile ':mockwebserver:(insert latest version)' License Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License") Get MockWebServer via Maven: mockwebserver (insert latest version) test Here's a complete example: public void test () throws Exception

Verify that the expected requests were made.

Use MockWebServer the same way that you use mocking frameworks like Mockito: Or test that your code survives in awkward-to-reproduce situations like 500 errors or slow-loading responses. As you can see from the examples below, we should now inject the HttpUrl to allow the MockWebServer to do its magic. Enqueue names are displayed in the LOCKTYPE column of the DBALOCK and DBALOCKINTERNAL data dictionary views. The main advantage of using the WebClient is, It’s reactive as it uses webflux and It’s also. You can leverage any of these methods to make calls to the external service asynchronously. They can be associated with a session or transaction. WebClient is simply an interface which offers some methods to make calls to rest services, there are methods like GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE and OPTIONS. First, pass the above to your Retrofit builder and then start receiving the mock responses and leveraging the test environment for your benefit. Enqueues are shared memory structures (locks) that serialize access to database resources. You can even copy & paste HTTP responses from your real web server to create representative test cases. Tests: mockWebServer.url('/') The Transformation. It's good at providing pre-defined responses to method calls, but things get challenging. Mockito is the most common mocking library for Java. After trying out Retrofit 2, I have adjusted the previous sample and managed to achieve the same. This mechanism works well for Retrofit versions 1.9 and below but has its drawbacks. Use WebClient for real, but mock the service it calls by using MockWebServer (okhttp) 3. In the previous post, I discussed implementing a custom Retrofit Client to mock out different HTTP response codes. The enqueue function normally takes a MockResponse as a parameter. We have two main options for mocking in our tests: Use Mockito to mimic the behavior of WebClient.

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE FULL

It lets you specify which responses to return and then verify that requests were made as expected.īecause it exercises your full HTTP stack, you can be confident that you're testing everything. we recommend using OkHttp MockWebServer which will provide idiomatic Java APIs. This library makes it easy to test that your app Does The Right Thing when it makes HTTP and HTTPS calls. RecordRequest request = server.takeRequest() Īssert.assertEquals("POST", request.getMethod()) Īssert.assertEquals("/paymentdomain.A scriptable web server for testing HTTP clients Motivation expectNext(new ObjectMapper.readValue(result, PaymentDataResponse.class)) StepVerifier.create(employeeService.getPaymentInfo(new PaymentDataRequest()) setHeader("content-type", "application/json")

MOCKWEBSERVER ENQUEUE ANDROID

Public EmployeeService(WebClient webClient, PaymentServiceConfiguration paymentServiceConfiguration)" For instrumented tests on Android that go through multiple screens to test a user flow, I find myself enqueueing multiple requests so I get the following code: server.enqueue(request1) server.enqueue(request2) server.enqueue(request3) Fo. Private final PaymentServiceConfiguration paymentServiceConfiguration

#Mockwebserver enqueue

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karonbill · 3 years ago

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VCP-AM Develop 2022 2V0-72.22 Practice Test Questions

Professional Develop VMware Spring 2V0-72.22 exam is the required exam for VCP-AM Develop 2022 Certification. If you are looking for high quality VCP-AM Develop 2022 2V0-72.22 Practice Test Questions, We at PassQuestion provide valid 2V0-72.22 questions and answers which really help student in their actual exam. After your preparation for VCP-AM Develop 2022 2V0-72.22 Practice Test Questions, you will be ready to attempt all the 2V0-72.22 questions confidently which will make 100% guaranteed your success in the first attempt with good grades.

Professional Develop VMware Spring (2V0-72.22 Exam)

This exam tests a candidate's expertise with major features of Spring and Spring Boot and the candidate's ability to apply Spring's features to quickly build and deliver production ready applications. The Professional Develop VMware Spring (2V0-72.22) exam, which leads to VMware Certified Professional - Application Modernization Develop 2022 certification is a 60-item exam, with a passing score of 300 using a scaled method. Candidates are given 130 minutes to complete the exam,which includes adequate time to complete the exam for nonnative English speakers.

2V0-72.22 Exam Details

Number of Questions: 60 Duration: 130 Minutes Passing Score: 300 (scaled 100-500) Language: English Format: Single and Multiple Choice, Proctored Pricing: $250.00 USD Associated Certification: VCP-AM Develop 2022 Product: Application Modernization, VMware Spring, Spring Boot, Spring Framework

2V0-72.22 Exam ObjectivesSection 1 – Spring Core

Objective 1.1 Introduction to Spring Framework

Objective 1.2 Java Configuration

Objective 1.3 Properties and Profiles

Objective 1.4 Annotation-Based Configuration and Component Scanning

Objective 1.5 Spring Bean Lifecycle

Objective 1.6 Aspect Oriented Programming

Section 2 – Data Management

Objective 2.1 Introduction to Spring JDBC

Objective 2.2 Transaction Management with Spring

Objective 2.3 Spring Boot and Spring Data for Backing Stores

Section 3 – Spring MVC

Objective 3.1 Web Applications with Spring Boot

Objective 3.2 REST Applications

Section 4 – Testing

Objective 4.1 Testing Spring Applications

Objective 4.2 Advanced Testing with Spring Boot and MockMVC

Section 5 – Security

Objective 5.1 Explain basic security concepts

Objective 5.2 Use Spring Security to configure Authentication and Authorization

Objective 5.3 Define Method-level Security

Section 6 – Spring Boot

Objective 6.1 Spring Boot Feature Introduction

Objective 6.2 Spring Boot Properties and Autoconfiguration

Objective 6.3 Spring Boot Actuator

View Online Professional Develop VMware Spring 2V0-72.22 Free Questions

Which two statements are true concerning the BeanPostProcessor Extension point? (Choose two.) A.BeanPostProcessors are called before the dependencies have been injected. B.Custom BeanPostProcessors can be implemented for Spring applications. C.BeanPostProcessors are called before the BeanFactoryPostProcessors. D.BeanPostProcessors are called during the initialization phase of a bean life cycle. E.BeanPostProcessors cannot be ordered in a Spring Boot application. Answer: BD

Which two statements are true regarding a Spring Boot-based Spring MVC application? (Choose two.) A.The default embedded servlet container can be replaced with Undertow. B.Jetty is the default servlet container. C.Spring Boot starts up an embedded servlet container by default. D.The default port of the embedded servlet container is 8088. E.Spring MVC starts up an in-memory database by default. Answer: BC

What two options are auto-configured Spring Boot Actuator HealthIndicators? (Choose two.) A.DataSourceHealthIndicator B.GoogleCloudDataStoreHealthIndicator C.DynamoDBHealthIndicator D.RabbitHealthIndicator E.OktaHealthIndicator Answer: AD

Which two statements are true regarding Spring Boot Testing? (Choose two.) A.@TestApplicationContext is used to define additional beans or customizations for a test. B.Test methods in a @SpringBootTest class are transactional by default. C.@SpringBootTest is typically used for integration testing. D.Test methods annotated with @SpringBootTest will recreate the ApplicationContext. E.@SpringBootTest without any configuration classes expects there is only one class annotated with @SpringBootConfiguration in the application. Answer: CD

Which two statements are true regarding bean creation? (Choose two.) A.A Spring bean can be explicitly created by annotating methods or fields by @Autowired. B.A Spring bean can be implicitly created by annotating the class with @Component and using the component-scanner to scan its package. C.A Spring bean can be implicitly created by annotating the class with @Bean and using the component- scanner to scan its package. D.A Spring bean can be explicitly created using @Bean annotated methods within a Spring configuration class. E.A Spring bean can be explicitly created by annotating the class with @Autowired. Answer: BE

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netsurfingzone · 3 years ago

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3idatascraping · 3 years ago

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How to Build a Web Scraping API using Java, Spring Boot, and Jsoup?

Overview

At 3i Data Scraping, we will create an API for scraping data from a couple of vehicle selling sites as well as extract the ads depending on vehicle models that we pass for an API. This type of API could be used from the UI as well as show different ads from various websites in one place.

Web Scraping

IntelliJ as IDE of option

Maven 3.0+ as a building tool

JDK 1.8+

Getting Started

Initially, we require to initialize the project using a spring initializer

It can be done by visiting http://start.spring.io/

Ensure to choose the given dependencies also:

Lombok: Java library, which makes a code cleaner as well as discards boilerplate codes.

Spring WEB: It is a product of the Spring community, with a focus on making document-driven web services.

After starting the project, we would be utilizing two-third party libraries JSOUP as well as Apache commons. The dependencies could be added in the pom.xml file.

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId> <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId> <version>1.13.1</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>

Analyze HTML to Extract Data

Before starting the implementation of API, we need to visit https://riyasewana.com/ and https://ikman.lk/ to locate data, which we need to extract from these sites.

We can perform that by launching the given sites on the browser as well as inspecting HTML code with Dev tools.

If you are using Chrome, just right-click on the page as well as choose inspect.

Its result will look like this:

After opening different websites we need to navigate through HTML for identifying a DOM where the ad list is positioned. These identified elements would be utilized in the spring boot project for getting relevant data.

From navigating through ikman.lk HTML, it’s easy to see a list of ads are positioned under a class name’s list — 3NxGO.

After that, we need to perform the same with Riyasewana.com where ad data is positioned under a div with id content.

After recognizing all the data, let’s create our API for scraping the data!!!.

Implementation

Initially, we need to define website URLs in the file called application.yml/application.properties

website: urls: https://ikman.lk/en/ads/sri-lanka/vehicles?sort=relevance&buy_now=0&urgent=0&query=,https://riyasewana.com/search/

After that, create an easy model class for mapping data using HTML.

package com.scraper.api.model; import lombok.Data; @Data public class ResponseDTO { String title; String url; }

In the given code, we utilize Data annotation generation setters and getters for attributes.

After that, it’s time to create a service layer as well as scrape data from these websites.

package com.scraper.api.service; import com.scraper.api.model.ResponseDTO; import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils; import org.jsoup.Jsoup; import org.jsoup.nodes.Document; import org.jsoup.nodes.Element; import org.jsoup.select.Elements; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; @Service public class ScraperServiceImpl implements ScraperService { //Reading data from property file to a list @Value("#{'${website.urls}'.split(',')}") List<String> urls; @Override public Set<ResponseDTO> getVehicleByModel(String vehicleModel) { //Using a set here to only store unique elements Set<ResponseDTO> responseDTOS = new HashSet<>(); //Traversing through the urls for (String url: urls) { if (url.contains("ikman")) { //method to extract data from Ikman.lk extractDataFromIkman(responseDTOS, url + vehicleModel); } else if (url.contains("riyasewana")) { //method to extract Data from riyasewana.com extractDataFromRiyasewana(responseDTOS, url + vehicleModel); } } return responseDTOS; } private void extractDataFromRiyasewana(Set<ResponseDTO> responseDTOS, String url) { try { //loading the HTML to a Document Object Document document = Jsoup.connect(url).get(); //Selecting the element which contains the ad list Element element = document.getElementById("content"); //getting all the <a> tag elements inside the content div tag Elements elements = element.getElementsByTag("a"); //traversing through the elements for (Element ads: elements) { ResponseDTO responseDTO = new ResponseDTO(); if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(ads.attr("title")) ) { //mapping data to the model class responseDTO.setTitle(ads.attr("title")); responseDTO.setUrl(ads.attr("href")); } if (responseDTO.getUrl() != null) responseDTOS.add(responseDTO); } } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } private void extractDataFromIkman(Set<ResponseDTO> responseDTOS, String url) { try { //loading the HTML to a Document Object Document document = Jsoup.connect(url).get(); //Selecting the element which contains the ad list Element element = document.getElementsByClass("list--3NxGO").first(); //getting all the <a> tag elements inside the list- -3NxGO class Elements elements = element.getElementsByTag("a"); for (Element ads: elements) { ResponseDTO responseDTO = new ResponseDTO(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(ads.attr("href"))) { //mapping data to our model class responseDTO.setTitle(ads.attr("title")); responseDTO.setUrl("https://ikman.lk"+ ads.attr("href")); } if (responseDTO.getUrl() != null) responseDTOS.add(responseDTO); } } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } }

After writing the scraping logic for a service layer, we can now implement the RestController for fetching data from these websites.

package com.scraper.api.controller; import com.scraper.api.model.ResponseDTO; import com.scraper.api.service.ScraperService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.Set; @RestController @RequestMapping(path = "/") public class ScraperController { @Autowired ScraperService scraperService; @GetMapping(path = "/{vehicleModel}") public Set<ResponseDTO> getVehicleByModel(@PathVariable String vehicleModel) { return scraperService.getVehicleByModel(vehicleModel); } }

When everything is completed. We need to Run this Project as well as a test this API!

Go to the RestClient as well as call API through offering a vehicle model.

For example http://localhost:8080/axio

Here, you can observe that you have all the ad URLs as well as titles associated to given vehicle models from both these websites.

Conclusion

In this blog, you have learned about how to manipulate the HTML document using jsoup as well as spring boot to extract data from these two websites. The next step will be:

Improving this API to help pagination in these websites.

Implementing the UI for consuming the API

For more information on building web scraping API with Java, Spring Boot, or Jsoup, you can contact 3i Data Scraping or ask for a free quote!

0 notes

ittechnicalandnontechnical · 4 years ago

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Spring Boot VS Spring Framework: Razor-Sharp Web Applications

Looking back at last few years, the Spring framework has become quite complex due to added functionalities. As a result, it takes enormous time and lengthy processes to start a new Spring project. However, to cut down the extra time and effort, Spring Boot was introduced. Using Spring framework as a foundation, Spring Boot is becoming the most preferred framework lately. The question: Spring Boot vs Spring, which is better, still hovers on the mind of many developers.

That said, you might be intrigued by questions like what Spring Boot is and their goals? How is Spring Framework vs Spring Boot different, and how can we compare them? This guide states the basics and Spring Boot vs Spring Framework difference, along with their features and advantages. The guide also states how spring Boot has solved the problems faced with spring. By the end of this guide, you will get precise knowledge about choosing Spring Boot over the spring framework. Straightaway, let’s get started with the Spring VS Spring Boot discussion in detail!

Spring Framework

Spring is a lightweight open-source framework that enables Java EE7 developers to develop reliable, scalable, and simple enterprise applications. It is one of the widely used Java Frameworks to build applications. When it comes to the Java platform, Spring offers an exclusive programming and configuration model.

This framework aims to offer multiple ways to assist you in handling your business objects by simplifying the Java EE development and helping developers be more productive. Spring considers the current business needs and works on fulfilling them.

With Spring, the development of web applications has become quite easy as compared to the classic Application Programming Interfaces(APIs) and Java frameworks like JavaServer Pages(JSP), Java Database Connectivity(JDBC), and Java Servlets. Spring framework adopts new techniques like Plain Old Java Object(POJO), Aspect-Oriented Programming(AOP), and Dependency Injection(DI) to build enterprise applications.

In other terms, the Spring Framework can also be referred to as a set of sub-frameworks or layers like Spring AOP, Spring Web Flow, Spring ORM(object-relational mapping), and Spring Web MVC. These modules collectively can offer better functionalities for a web application.

Benefits Of Spring Framework

Quite a lightweight framework considering the POJO model

Supports Declarative programming

Supports both annotation and XML configurations

Offers middleware services

Enables easy testability and loose coupling

Eliminates the formation of factory classes and singleton.

Best Features Of Spring Framework

The Spring Framework has several features that are disintegrated into 20 modules to solve several problems. A few more popular Spring Modules include,

Spring JDBC

Spring MVC

Spring ORM

Spring Test

Spring AOP

Spring JMS

Spring Expression Language(SpEL)

Dissimilar to other frameworks, Spring works on specific areas of any application. One chief feature of Spring is the dependency injection. The dependency injection helps to make things simpler by enabling developers to build loosely coupled applications.

Having said that, despite having multiple benefits to offer, why should you choose Spring Boot? To be more precise, what led to the introduction of Spring Boot?

How Spring Boot Emerged?

With the help of Spring Boot, you can simplify and use the Spring framework easily. While Spring offers loosely coupled applications, it becomes a tedious and difficult task to keep track of the loosely coupled blocks. This is exactly where Spring Boot comes to play.

With the Spring architecture becoming complicated day by day, introducing Spring Boot was necessary. To begin a new project in Spring involves varied processes. When you want to build a Spring framework app, multiple similar configurations need to apply manually. Consequently, it needs to specify frameworks that are to be used and select compatible versions as well. Hence, Spring developers introduced a new framework known as the Spring Boot.

Spring Boot

Spring Boot is built over the Spring framework. Hence, it offers all the features of spring. Spring Boot is a microservice-based framework that enables you to build your app in a shorter time. Each element in Spring Boot is auto-configured. Developers simply need to use accurate configuration to use certain functionality. In case you wish to develop REST API, Spring Boot is highly recommended!

Besides offering utmost flexibility, Spring Boot focuses on shortening the code length, providing you with the easiest method to build a Web application. Featuring default codes and annotation configuration, this framework reduces the time taken to develop an application. In other words, Spring Boot helps to build a stand-alone application with almost zero configuration.

Benefits Of Spring Boot

It does not need XML configuration

It builds stand-alone applications

Compared to Spring, Spring Boot is easier to launch

Spring Boot does not ask you to deploy WAR files

It focuses on reducing the LOC

It helps to embed Jetty, Undertow, or Tomcat directly

Offers easy management and customization

Provides production-ready features.

Spring Boot is typically an extension of Spring Framework that removes the boilerplate configurations needed to set up a fast and efficient Spring application.

Best Features Of Spring Boot

A few features of Spring Boot include,

Embedded server to eliminate complexities in application development

Opinionated starter dependencies to ease the build and app configuration

Auto-configuration for Spring functionality: A chief feature that configures the class based on a specific requirement automatically. It saves you from noting lengthy codes and avoid unnecessary configuration

Health check, metrics, and externalized configuration.

Spring Boot Starter Dependencies

Spring Boot offers a range of starter dependencies for distinct spring modules. Some of the common starter dependencies that allow easy integration include,

spring-boot-starter-data-jpa

spring-boot-starter-security

spring-boot-starter-test

spring-boot-starter-web

spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf

What Makes Spring Boot So Popular?

To answer this question, the first point to be noted is that Spring Boot is based on Java. Java being the most popular programming language globally, there is no doubt why Spring Boot is gaining popularity. Besides this, Spring Boot helps you build an application quickly without worrying about the accuracy and safety of the configuration.

Spring Boot has a vast user community. This further denotes that you can easily find learning courses and materials. Spring Boot is further useful while performing repetitive or long operations.

Advantages Of Spring Boot Over Spring: Spring VS Spring Boot

A few additional benefits include,

Assists in autoconfiguration of all components for a production-grade Spring application

Increases the efficiency of the developmental team

Eliminates manual work that includes annotations, complicated XML configurations, and boilerplate code

Creates and tests Java-based apps by offering a default setup for integration and unit tests

Features embedded HTTP serves such as Tomcat and Jetty to test applications

Offers great admin support. You can handle and monitor through remote access to the application.

Enables easy connecting with queue services and databases such as Redis, Oracle, MySQL, ElasticSearch, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, ActiveMQ, Solr, Rabbit MQ, etc

Integration of Spring Boot with spring ecosystem is easy

Provides flexibility in configuring Database Transaction, Java Beans, and XML configurations

Simplifies the dependency

Tags an embedded Servlet Container along with it

Default configurations allow faster application bootstrapping

Spring Boot does not require a deployment descriptor like the Spring framework.

Read More: Why Choose Spring Boot Over Spring Framework?

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