#Affine and Linear transformations

[mybeingthere]

Kim Lim (1936-1997, Singaporean/British)

In 1954, Kim Lim left Singapore for Britain with the aim of studying art and becoming an artist. In London, she enrolled at St. Martin’s School of Fine Art and later at the Slade School of Fine Art, studying printmaking and sculpture with equal enthusiasm—two approaches that formed the basis of her work in the four decades that followed. During those formative school years, Lim studied under Anthony Caro and befriended other artists like Tess Jaray and Julia Farrer. She was particularly fascinated by the work of Brancusi, a shared affinity with William Turnbull, who became her husband in 1960. Lim began exhibiting work relatively soon after finishing her studies, with her first solo exhibition at Axiom Gallery in 1966 where she displayed early, colourful works such as Borneo II and Candy (as seen in the studio shot below), acquired the year after it was made by the Arts Council Collection. She exhibited regularly through the 1970s and 1980s with Nicola Jacobs Gallery.

Much of Lim’s early work can be characterised by her engagement with materials such as wood and bronze. Her printmaking practice was equally pervasive and prominent from the beginning. Works such as Abacus I and II (1959), two sister relief sculptures, modelled after the ancient Chinese calculation tool, employ a poverty of material and reveal Lim’s ability to transform fundamental shapes and concepts with an elegant gesture. Made of plaster shapes hung on wire within a rectangular wooden frame, these works eschew “high art” material for simplicity of form. Both works are now in the collections of the Singapore National Gallery and M+ in Hong Kong, respectively. Lim extracted inspiration from her own personal journey from the East to West, with the vernacular of those artists she admired from the West such as Giacometti. Importantly, Lim looked outside the “canon” of art as well. A keen observer of nature and of natural forces, she would echo the sinuous curves of a vast desert plain, the waves of a silent sea breeze, and other experiential moments of life in her work. The strength of a Gingko tree’s trunk, for example, as seen in the 1989 sculpture titled after this living fossil, in which a monolith of rose aurora marble fluted and carved by hand rests on a Portland stone base.

Lim’s 1970s work is marked by a deeper experimentation into concepts of “form, space, rhythm and light”. Her series Intervals, which refers to both sculptural and paper works, employs negative space with equal detail as it does with ideas of density and volume. The year 1979 would prove be a watershed moment for the artist, culminating in a mid-career survey show at The Roundhouse where Lim would exhibit works from every period in a non-linear and non-chronological method, partly in response to the venue itself, a circular gallery space. This was also the year that Lim moved toward an embracing of stone and marble mediums, materials that would remain present in her practice until her untimely passing in 1997.

Continue reading https://www.turnbullstudiokimlim.com/kim-lim

[theotherpages]

Nine more variations on a very interesting set of transforms posted as a "Sanctuary Sunday" challenge by Nancy Pierce in the Jwildfire Sanctuary group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/jwfsanctuary

The initial prompt developed by Nancy was:

Transform 1 (HyperbolicEllipse)

Transform 2 (Julia3D)

Transform 3 (Minkowscope)

Transform 4 and 5 (CutHexDots)

Transform 6 (Sunflower)

Final 1 (Lazy Susan + Extrude)

Final 2 (Julian2)

Final 3 (iDisc)

These variations were created by altering the affines and non-linear constants, and by substituting other transforms in place of Julian2, including: ePush, Gamma, glsl_Circuits, and Julia_Outside

--Steve

#theotherpages#fractal#fractals#jwildfire#fractalart#digitalart#nftart#nftartist

[deepdrearn]

Just mansplained basic linear algebra to Young Coworker and can't say it didn't feel good but then again he really didn't know about affine transformations (4d) being able to translate the origin of a coordinate system (3d) even though I think he really should, so is it still mansplaining then

[solavirtus]

𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑬 𝑽𝑬𝑹𝑰𝑻𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑺...

( song jiyang , agender , they/him ) — the halls of verum academy is home to LI ZHIYU, the twenty-four year old student of transmutation. listen to the whispers that follow them through the door of the history of khemia classroom, the ones about growing up in a warm house, firewood crackling lulls you to sleep, running around and looking up to your siblings at every step, the smell of metal on your fingertips, sparks of khemia you cannot bring yourself to believe, the inherent guilt at what you can do, and who you can possibly be, when you don't think you deserve it. once they graduate, their legacy will be one that is gracious and diligent in nature, but the records will not mention that they are known to be quiet and self-critical, too. they are, after all, the future of verum. ╱ kira, 25, she/her, gmt+3.

BIOGRAPHY

you are born as the last li child. fond eyes look down at you, always a hand in yours to guide your way through life. at your first steps, claps echo around you, followed by joyful laughter.

there are hands on top of yours as you bury your first seeds into the soft soil. helping you dig, then close up the earth. when you raise the watering can, there is another pair helping you lift it up. you water it with precise care, close your eyes, and name your first tree.

you warm your hands against the fireplace, lean into a warm embrace. a bowl of warm food in front of you, gentle fingers running through your long hair.

life is good in the way that it's linear. the same. it went similarly for your grandparents. your parents. day after day. as a part of the traditional cynefian family, you learn about the earth. you are protective of your land just as you are of your family. grow to appreciate how to nurture it, how to care for it. knowing it will care for you right back.

you do not expect to feel the sparks on the tips of your fingertips. for your apprenticeship to yield this result. it changes every single thing at once. shatters the ground you walk on.

for the first time in your life, you feel alone.

—

li zhiyu is the youngest of the li children, and with it comes fewer responsibilities on his shoulders. parents more lenient. more freedom to wander off if he wishes, to go to the outskirts of the town, to watch how the earth and water respond to his touch, how they transform with the changing of seasons. attuned to the elements under his fingertips; the metal, the ores, the particles of sand.

he is a quiet child for he does not need to cry loud for attention. there is still a silent desperation that linger beneath every action, driven to never upset those he loves. to be good. to not lose those warm hands running through his hair, patting his back, holding his hand.

sheltered in more ways than others, he expects his future to lie through the earth. a farmer, a gardener, a regular way of life, nothing to stray from that linear, anticipated path.

after his secondary education, when he goes through his apprenticeship, he expects the answer to follow that expectation. that he does not have the affinity: he can go back to his home, back to what he is supposed to do, who he is supposed to become.

to learn that he does have the affinity is terrifying. the implications of him being part of a family with no trace of khemia before him. mind clouded with all sorts of emotions: the fear of the unknown, hand in hand with the thrill of so many possibilities unlocked before him. revelation chased by the sudden spike of expectations from his parents now that their little child is attuned to khemia.

it changes everything. how people act around him. how they look at him. their neighbors, their friends. especially the people who have always been wary of verum, of khemia. it becomes too much at once. his heart aches with the consequences of his path diverging in a way he was not prepared for.

beyond it all, he knows how much this would mean to his siblings, how unfair it is that he is the only one. the inherent guilt that comes whenever he looks at them claws all the way up to his throat, thorns of reality digging into the soft skin.

throughout the apprenticeship, he prays for his path to not lie with transmutation. 'dear stars, i beg of you, anything but that.' convinces himself with everything he has that it won't be. it is impossible to pray the fates away.

the first year, there are mostly mandatory classes, as well as some electives. he doesn't have to choose his major just yet. the second year, he chooses anima. from the moment he was a child, he has always been fascinated by the surrounding earth. it should be alright. it has to be.

it isn't. it's a failure over and over again. so much that it becomes all too clear to every anima professor that this isn't his calling.

in the end, as much as it pains him, he changes his major to transmutation, starting his second year all over. this becomes a secret, an unspoken truth. if asked, especially by his family, he says he is still deciding, learning how the khemia world works. how can he be expected to know the ropes already when it's all so foreign to him?

loneliness digs its claws into his chest. nothing is the same anymore. it never will be.

coldness seeps into his skin, into his bones. there is a sharp guilt and discomfort whenever he lies in his childhood bed, in a house with one less person. after that, it isn't difficult to decide it will be better for them all for him to move to the school dorms. veiled under the excuse of how he can learn better with this change, he moves away from home.

it feels like something is ripped from his chest. leaving behind a hole that will never be filled, a part always missing.

zhiyu does not know if verum will ever be his home, if he will ever belong in a world so terrifying, so foreign.

[govindhtech]

SPIP: A Cryptographic Primitive Symbolic And Chaotic Maps

Symbolic Path Inversion Issue

Symbolic Path Inversion challenge (SPIP) is a new computing challenge based on Chaotic Symbolic's complex dynamics. The chaotic evolution of symbolic pathways underpins it. Reversing these symbolic lines is the problem.

Cryptographic systems must survive quantum computers threats, hence a new issue is needed. Cryptographic methods sometimes depend on how difficult algebraic mathematical riddles are to solve. However, these algebraic structures may have flaws that advanced algorithms, especially quantum computer algorithms, can exploit. This issue is prompting scholars to investigate cryptography foundations based on systems without built-in symmetries.

Mohamed Aly Bouke and colleagues propose the SPIP, which eliminates algebraic structures like rings and vector spaces, to reduce vulnerability to such advanced attacks. SPIP is introduced in "Towards a Non-Algebraic Post-Quantum Hardness Assumption".

Iterated Function Systems (IFS) underpin SPIP. IFS has contraction mappings. These tweaks consistently move points closer. Repeating these mappings creates complicated fractal attractors. This system uses affine maps, which combine translation and linear transformation. The successively applied transformations, or affine maps, were retrieved from the IFS in the “symbolic paths” order. To complicate inversion and path reversal, bounded noise is added. The underlying difficulty of reversing these symbolic paths underpins SPIP's hardness assumption, experts say.

A key finding of SPIP is its resistance to Grover's approach. Grover's algorithm is a prominent quantum method for cryptographic algorithm quantum security. The researchers found Grover's technique to SPIP solution ineffective. Grover's algorithm's verification oracle, which confirms a solution's correctness, is unstable and unclear, which is why it resists.

The system's non-algebraic nature, chaotic symbolic evolution, and rounding-induced non-injectivity make it resistant to quantum attacks. A single output or symbolic trajectory segment might come from several beginning inputs or map sequences, which is called non-injectivity. This makes reverse engineering the exact route followed difficult, if not impossible. This uncertainty hinders Grover's approach and other algorithms that validate possible responses.

Formal research has determined SPIP's computational complexity. PSPACE-hard and #P-hard problems have been identified.

PSPACE-hardness means solving SPIP would require exponential memory or space relative to the problem instance.

It is computationally difficult to count all SPIP instance solutions with P-hardness (called “sharp P-hardness”). Counting alternative options shows how difficult it is to find a precise solution.

These theoretical SPIP hardness findings are well supported by the researchers' simulations. These simulations indicated an exponential growth in viable trajectories that could result in a given outcome, even with small symbolic sequences. The exponentially quick development in ambiguity makes it harder to invert or reverse the procedure to get the symbolic path.

This method is unique in post-quantum cryptography. Numerous PQC techniques in development, such as lattice-based ones, rely on algebraic mathematics issues. These structures are different from those vulnerable to current attacks, but SPIP takes a different approach. It proposes using dynamical systems' complexity and chaos to create encryption algorithms that are impervious to classical and quantum attacks.

SPIP research is still theoretical, despite its excellent theoretical foundations. More research is needed to turn these theoretical notions into viable cryptography algorithms. This requires a detailed review of their security guarantees in real-world settings, performance attributes, and feasibility of implementation.

Quantum Zeitgeist published these data. The website covers quantum computing and related technology. Alan, the Quantum News Hound, wrote it. The website disclaimer states that the content is from reliable sources but cannot guarantee its completeness, correctness, usage, efficacy, or accuracy. Quantum Zeitgeist notes that third-party information, including the scientific paper, has not been verified.

In conclusion

The Symbolic Path Inversion cryptographic challenge is based on the difficulty of reversing symbolic trajectories produced by chaotic iterated function systems with noise. It may withstand quantum computer attacks due to its non-algebraic nature. Data shows exponential ambiguity in possible solutions, supporting PSPACE-hard and #P-hard designations. The chaotic system's instability, ambiguity, and non-injectivity make SPIP explicitly resistant to Grover's technique. A clear and promising path for post-quantum cryptography is shown.

[queerfriendship]

excerpts from christina schmid, "between friends: on mourning, mirrors, and togetherness in extraordinary times" in mn artists (dec 5, 2022) - a review of the exhibition between friends (2022) by nyeema morgan and mary simpson at the david petersen gallery, minneapolis

"[W]hat if the extraordinary lives and breathes in the ordinary? And what if we only realize how the two blend at the very moment when loss transforms once-ordinary togetherness into an extra-ordinary time, just as the realization dawns that a return to what once was is no longer possible?"

"The presence of loss—personal, generational, communal—requires reckoning with an absence that looms, unspeakable, amid the formerly ordinary. Grief is a liminal state, transformative in its power to undo the persons we thought we were."

"Friendships make us stretch, bend, grow, and improvise with others who endure and elect togetherness, time and again. Thus, we are born in entrusting ourselves to another and, in the process, discover who we might (want to) become... The temporality of friendship, then, is anything but linear: it molds a sense of self in relationship, activates a hope unlike any other for a future, and stubbornly lingers in the wake of loss."

"Perhaps, what between friends asks, in the end, is how to turn the marvelous and powerful experience of friendship into a force capable of sparking and sustaining social transformation, of healing, of entrusting—not a state but an action, a choice: a study for elective affinity."

image: like it is: an extraordinary time (2022) by nyeema morgan, part of the art work featured in the exhibition between friends that schmid reviews in the article.

[image description: a framed print of what looks like an open book placed upside down. on the page it reads "an extraordinary time." shadows and shades of black ink circles and blots partially cover the book.]

[sipabacusclasses]

Boost Your Child’s Math Skills with Abacus Classes in NZ Cities

 Mathematics, being a core subject, plays a pivotal role in shaping a child's cognitive abilities. While traditional methods have their merits, innovative approaches can offer enhanced learning experiences. One such method gaining prominence in New Zealand is the SIP Abacus program. With centers in Hillcrest, Henderson, Wellington, and Napier, SIP Abacus is transforming the way children perceive and perform mathematics.

What is SIP Abacus?

SIP Abacus is a comprehensive skill development program designed for children aged 5 to 12 years. Operating since 1997, SIP Abacus has trained over 700,000 children across 14 countries. The program focuses on enhancing mental arithmetic skills, concentration, memory, and overall cognitive development. By integrating both hemispheres of the brain, SIP Abacus ensures holistic growth in young learners. 

Why Choose SIP Abacus?

1. Holistic Development

SIP Abacus goes beyond teaching arithmetic. The program fosters:​

Enhanced Concentration: Regular practice improves attention span and focus.​

Memory Boost: Engaging exercises aid in better retention and recall.​

Logical Thinking: Children learn to approach problems methodically.​

Confidence Building: Mastering complex calculations boosts self-esteem.

2. Structured Curriculum

The SIP Abacus curriculum is divided into four progressive modules:​

Junior Module: Designed for children in grades 1–3, focusing on basic abacus skills and number recognition.​

Foundation Module: Introduces addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.​

Advanced Module: Enhances visualization of multiplication tables up to 9999.​

Grand Master: Equips students to solve complex linear equations and decimal operations. ​

3. Proven Track Record

With centers across New Zealand, SIP Abacus has consistently delivered results. Students have showcased remarkable improvements in national competitions, demonstrating the program's efficacy. 

SIP Abacus Centers in New Zealand

Hillcrest, Auckland

Located at 75 Porana Road, Hillcrest, this center offers personalized training sessions tailored to individual student needs. The Hillcrest branch emphasizes creating a conducive learning environment, ensuring each child receives the attention they deserve. ​

Henderson, Auckland

Situated in the heart of Henderson, this center caters to a diverse group of students. With experienced instructors and a structured approach, children develop a strong affinity for mathematics, making learning both fun and effective.​

Wellington

The Wellington center brings SIP Abacus's proven methodology to the capital city. Children here benefit from a blend of traditional techniques and modern teaching aids, ensuring comprehensive skill development.​

Napier

Serving the Hawke's Bay region, the Napier center is dedicated to nurturing young minds. Through consistent practice and expert guidance, students achieve significant milestones in their mathematical journey.​

Success Stories

Numerous testimonials highlight the transformative impact of SIP Abacus:​

Amber's Journey: A young student who, after joining SIP Abacus, showcased remarkable speed and accuracy in mental calculations, impressing both peers and instructors. ​

Jashan's Transformation: Once easily distracted, Jashan's focus and academic performance improved drastically, thanks to the structured approach of SIP Abacus. ​

Christelle's Growth: Beyond mathematics, Christelle exhibited enhanced concentration and better English proficiency, attributing her progress to the SIP Abacus program. ​

Enroll Today

Embarking on the SIP Abacus journey is a step towards a brighter future for your child. With centers in Hillcrest, Henderson, Wellington, and Napier, quality abacus training is accessible across New Zealand. To learn more or to enroll, visit sipabacus.co.nz or call 09977 9967.​

Conclusion

Incorporating SIP Abacus into your child's educational journey can be a game-changer. The program not only enhances mathematical abilities but also fosters overall cognitive development. With a proven track record and centers across New Zealand, SIP Abacus is committed to shaping the mathematicians of tomorrow

[xasha777]

In the year 2454, the Indianapolis 500 had transformed from a race of mere speed to one of time and dimension. It was no longer just about the fastest car; it was about the craft that could elegantly slip through the folds of time, bending the very fabric of reality to cross the finish line before it had even started.

Enter Princess Aurelia, the once-hidden heir to the throne of the Neo-Victorian Empire, who had an affinity for delicate machinery and the daring heart of a racer. She was a picture of royal elegance, with a crown that was rumored to be alive, a sentient relic from an ancient, advanced civilization, its filigree work delicate yet imbued with untold power.

Aurelia's presence at the Indianapolis 500 was a shock to all, not only because of her royal blood but because she brought with her a vehicle unseen and unheard of. It was a grand chariot, its design a seamless blend of old-world charm and futuristic tech, embroidered with patterns that thrummed with energy. It was said that the jewels adorning her crown and dress were not mere decorations but power cores harvested from the edge of the galaxy, capable of manipulating quantum fields.

The race began, and the usual roar of engines was replaced by the hum of anti-gravitational drives and the whir of temporal gears. The crowd held its breath as the vehicles leapt forward, some flickering in and out of visibility as they nudged against tomorrow and yesterday.

But Princess Aurelia sat still. Her eyes, the color of a restless sea, closed gently. The crown glowed brighter, and a hush fell over the track. Then, with the elegance of a court dance, her chariot levitated, spinning slowly as the jewels on her crown and dress pulsed in unison. With a flash of cerulean light, she was gone.

Minutes turned to seconds, seconds to breaths, and just as the leading car was about to cross the finish line, Aurelia's chariot materialized ahead of it, already rolling past the checkered flag. The crowds erupted in disbelief and exhilaration. How had she done it?

The secret lay in the patterns on her gown and the sentient crown. They were ancient symbols of time, etched into the fabric by a forgotten technology, allowing her to skip across moments like a stone across water. The crown, attuned to her desires, guided the chariot through the non-linear race, making her not the fastest but the wisest when it came to bending time.

Aurelia stepped out, her victory unquestioned, her method unfathomable. The world cheered not just for the winner of the Indianapolis 500 but for the woman who raced through time, rewriting the rules of what it meant to be a champion. And while her victory would be studied and debated for years to come, for Aurelia, this was but an elegant demonstration of the intricate ballet between technology and ancient magic, a nod to her empire's legacy that time was the ultimate frontier, and she, its reigning queen.

[science-selected-yura15cbx]

Mechanisms of simultaneous linear and nonlinear computations at the mammalian cone photoreceptor synapse | Nature Communications.

It's from new. Nonlinearity in visual signal processing, which begins at the level of individual photoreceptors.

Neurons enhance their computational power by combining linear and nonlinear transformations in extended dendritic trees. Rich, spatially distributed processing is rarely associated with individual synapses, but the cone photoreceptor synapse may be an exception.

Nonlinearities emerge from a combination of factors specific to each bipolar cell type including diffusion distance, contact number, receptor affinity, and proximity to glutamate transporters. Complex computations related to feature detection begin within the first visual synapse.

Исчо из нового. Нелинейность в обработке зрительного сигнала, которая начинается уже на уровне отдельных фоторецепторов.

Нейроны увеличивают свою вычислительную мощность, комбинируя линейные и нелинейные преобразования в расширенных дендритных деревьях. Богатая пространственно распределенная обработка редко связана с отдельными синапсами, но синапс фоторецепторов конусов может быть исключением. Нелинейности возникают из комбинации факторов, специфичных для каждого типа биполярных клеток, включая расстояние диффузии, контактный номер, сродство к рецепторам и близость к переносчикам глутамата. Сложные вычисления, связанные с обнаружением признаков, начинаются в пределах первого визуального синапса.

[debopamghosh]

Application of Affine Transformations: Codification schemes for Design of Experiments

Notations:

inv(A) denotes the inverse of the matrix A ( n by n)

B( n by n) = diag( v1, v2,..., vn) denotes a diagonal matrix, whose diagonal elements from top to bottom along the main diagonal, are v1, v2,..., vn respectively

'n=< m ' implies m is greater than or equal to n

'n < m' implies n is strictly less than m

m. n implies scalar multiplication between m and n

v' denotes the transpose of vector v

R^p (R) denotes the real Euclidean space of dimension = p

x be a real variable, such that: a =< x = < b, and : a < b

defining the variable z as follows:

z = ( m. x) + c , such that z = -1 when x = a and z = +1 when x = b, we have the following interrelationships:

x = ((b - a) /2). z + (( b + a) /2)

z = (2/(b - a)). x - ((b + a) /(b - a))

Multivariate setup:

x1, x2, ...., xp be a set of real variables such that : ai =< xi =< bi, where ai < bi, for i = 1,2,...., p

X( p by 1) = [ x1 x2 .... xp ] '

Z( p by 1) = [ z1 z2 .... zp ]'

the vectors X and Z are interrelated as following Affine transformations of each other:

Z( p by 1) = A ( p by p) X( p by 1) + C (p by 1)

X( p by 1) = inv(A) ( p by p) Z( p by 1) - inv(A) (p by p) C( p by 1)

A ( p by p) and C ( p by 1) are given as follows:

A( p by p) = diag ( h1, h2, ...., hp) , where

hi = 2 /( bi - ai) , i = 1,2,....,p

Clearly, the matrix A is diagonal, symmetric and positive definite and therefore invertible.

inv(A) ( p by p) = diag ( 1/h1, 1/h2,....., 1/hp)

C( p by 1) = [ c1 c2 ..... cp ]' , where:

ci = - (bi + ai) /( bi - ai) , i = 1,2,...., p

Discussion:

Consider the following Hypercubes in the vector space R^p (R) :

S(X) ={ (x1, x2,...., xp) ' | ai =< xi =< bi, ai < bi, i = 1,2,....,p }

S(Z) = { (z1, z2,....., zp) ' | -1 =< zi =< +1 , i= 1,2,..., p }

The hypercube S(X) is an arbitrary cubical region in the real Euclidean space of dimension 'p', it represents the Experimental space associated with an Experimental design in terms of the actual variables: x1, x2,...., xp. However, Regression model building in terms of the design matrix constructed using the levels of actual set of experimental variables is not always a good idea because of the inherent lack of symmetry that may be present in the design, issues can arise with respect to estimation of model parameters and predicted responses, for example multicollinearity problems in Experimental design as a result of ill -conditioning in the associated design matrix .

However, the hypercube S(Z) is centered at the zero point in the space, i. e at 0( p by 1) , and it's sides are all of equal lengths. This hypercube is related to S(X) through Affine transformation as defined above..... thus using affine transformations we can go from an Experimental design to its reformulated structure with a greater symmetry, this is achieved through " Codification " of the experimental variables to generate centered and scaled coded variables , zi is the 'coded variable' corresponding to the experimental variable xi, where i = 1,2,...,p

The Regression model can be built in terms of the coded variables and their associated levels and then can be transformed into one in terms of the original variables, using the transformation interrelationships between xi and zi variables as defined above. The Design matrix constructed using the levels in terms of the coded variables can show much better conditioning under certain situations as compared to one constructed using the experimental variables and their levels directly.

The codification scheme described above when applied to 2^p type of Statistical Experimental designs, result in formation of Design matrix having mutually orthogonal columns which are orthogonal to the unit vector (the intercept term contribution to the design matrix) of order 2^p by 1, this results in statistical independance of the estimated model parameters and that of associated sum of squares, under the condition that the Ordinary least squares model assumptions are met by the experimental system.

References and further reading:

Chemometrics: Experimental design, Ed Morgan

Design and Analysis of Experiments, Douglas. C. Montogomery

Linear Estimation and Design of Experiments, D. D. Joshi

[misscaptainbear]

A while back I wrote a blog on how I'd make a soulslike using retro hardware, I'm gonna repost it here :D

I suffer from an affliction many programmers and game developers can sympathize with: We tend to have so, so many ideas and nowhere near enough time to execute them. I'm toying with the idea of making a blog talking about random ass concepts of the above variety, while merging design, programming, and rendering topics. If anyone wants to implement this scatterbrained mess, may god have mercy on their souls. At the very least, I hope it's a fun read.

This idea came from a remark from a designer friend of mine while we were discussing the soulslike games, something to the effect of "Y'know what? Souls games have the gameplay of a Playstation 2 game with better graphics". He was more right than he thought, having said that a year or two before the release of the Bloodborne PS1 Demake, (shoutout to @b0tster!!!) which I will always take the opportunity to share.

But, both the above planted a brain worm that I couldn't shake; what might happen if you pushed it even further? Is a soulslike game even possible on earlier hardware? Say, the SNES?

What is a Soulslike?

Obviously seminal genres mean different things to different people, so I'm going to oversimplify here as a way to define the goals for this thought experiment. I think genres are composed of tropes, so I’ll list a few important ones here that I think any soulslike game would require.

Combat that rewards skill, rhythm, and spatial understanding

Complex world maps that allow progress to unlock shortcuts or alternate routes

Misanthropic lore that puts the players struggle into a larger context

Core game loop of attempting to progress to a checkpoint, either failing, returning, or unlocking the next stepping stone.

What can the SNES do?

Not much, honestly. That’s kind of the fun of the thought experiment. It’s specifically designed for 2D sprite-based games. For example, the background rendering hardware takes a map of tiles and the locations they map to, and draws them on screen using a palette.

There are some additional tricks that aren’t apparent in the system. You can set the hardware to several modes, Mode 7 being the most infamous and directly related to what we’re talking about today. Simply put, it allows the linear transformations of the background [1]. By changing settings for every scanline, it also allows affine transformations, like those in camera projection transformations [2]. This allows for a crude simulation of a 3d plane, similar to Mario Kart or Pilot Wings.

Mode 7 in F-Zero

In addition to background layers, the SNES hardware is also designed to support drawing sprites to the screen. These are also drawn from a table using a palette, and given several attributes, like position and priority [3].

Pixel data and palette data combine to form the final sprite

The SNES can show up to 128 sprites on screen. Those sprites can have up to 15 colors + transparent, and they can be up to 64x64 pixels. There can only be 32 sprites shown on a horizontal scanline at a time.

What Does our Souls Game Look Like?

Since I think it’s important to retain the three dimensionality of both the combat and the world exploration, I feel the game should at least attempt to break out of the 2d hardware a little. Another important part of the games is the situational awareness that the third-person camera affords.

I find that concept of a screenshot really help communicate the intent of what the game might look like.

As far as tone and mood, obviously it should be dark and brooding. For fun and just to pick something, I’ve settled on a biblical, angels-and-demons theme, set in a world destroyed by their war. More on the lore later. The souls games do a really good job at dividing the game into iconic, recognizable sections. Castle corridors, dripping caves, haunted moors, and barren wastelands are all on the table. Here’s some concept doodles illustrating some of the locations.

How the Hell do we Render These?

So, the SNES doesn't have native 3D support, but we’re circling around the concept of a 3D game - we’re in trouble, right? Well, only sort of.

Before 3D acceleration hardware (e.g graphics cards) became common, games such as Wolfenstein 3D and Ultima Underworld made do with limited processors, rendering the game directly using software. We’re going to adapt the concepts they used for those games - and we know these things are totally possible, because we’re able to see them in action with SNES Doom [4]. However, this uses the Super FX chip, and I’d like to avoid (hypothetically) using that if possible, so we’ll focus on techniques that aren’t reliant on rendering lots of polygons.

StarFox uses shaded polygons and on occasion texture mapped polygons, but requires the use of the Super FX chip on the cartridge.

We’ll start by talking about the techniques used in Wolfenstein 3D and Super 3D Noah’s Ark [5]. They use a grid-based raycasting renderer. The algorithm for drawing the screen is fairly simple, as follows [6].

Consider a map that is a grid of either floor or wall blocks. For each horizontal pixel in the game, shoot out a ray line into the world, and calculate how far it travels before hitting a wall. Save that distance number and also where along the wall it hits. 

Next, draw a vertical strip of pixels, the height of which is a multiple of the distance the ray for that column traveled. For example, a far away wall should draw a short vertical bar of pixels, and a nearby wall would draw taller. 

You can enhance this by using which wall was hit to look up which texture should be drawn, and by changing the color to draw based on the distance, giving a fog or fade to black looking effect.

Intersection calculations only need to be done on grid boundaries

This technique is possible on the SNES as demonstrated with Super 3D Noah’s Ark, but it also produces uninteresting, repetitive square maps. With just a little bit of adjustment, I think we can tweak it to still be performant, and to display more interesting maps.

First, let’s add a conceptual height to each box. This is a value that adds to the vertical strip of pixels in addition to the distance-height scaling mentioned previously. However, it’s important to only consider this for the upper half of the screen, and to clip the vertical strip when it touches the “ground plane”.

This would stretch the pixels vertically by 2, but I don’t think it’s a big deal for this sort of aesthetic.

This technique works fine as long as the player can’t get above or below the pseudo-polygons enough to look at them obliquely, but since our player and camera are going to be glued to a constant height, this is not a problem.

The other issue is that of the grid. As mentioned, this produces uniformly similar maps that are uninteresting, and since souls games are sustained by complex map design, we need to break that grid. 

Doom uses a technique called Binary Space Partitioning, where the walls to render are pre-calculated per each room (‘sector’), and the walls of the room the player is standing in are drawn first. Then, any doors or windows that link this room to another are filled in recursively, as long as the camera has a view of them [7]. The drawback of this technique is that it is both memory intensive (having to store the pre-calculate sectors and connections), and it is computationally intensive, requiring the use of the Super FX chip onboard the cartridge.

We’re going to use a lower-fidelity version of this approach. Consider a room that can be represented as a list of lines that forms a convex polygon. Each line can either be a wall or a portal to another room.

We’ll assume we know what room the player is in, and the direction they’re facing. To draw a room, we cast a whisker ray from the left-most pixel of the virtual camera, and iterate all of the room’s lines to find an intersection. Do this again for the right-most pixel. This gives us the bound indices, and the lines between those bounds are the only ones to raycast against in order to draw them to the screen. In fact, the line the previous ray hit and the immediate left and right lines are the only ones needed to test for each new collision.

As we iterate the vertical bars, I would also go from the edges of the screen inward - drawing the right and left most pixels first, and ending at the center of the screen. This will become apparent why in a moment.

Portals present a unique case. If we cast a ray that intersects a portal, we re-cast a whisker ray using that new room as the list of lines. If we draw from the screen edge, inward, we can pause this side of the image and wait until the other side “finds” the same portal as we do, and cast another whisker ray on the other side to re-establish the bounds to iterate. Note that this will work if and only if the portals are a single line flanked by two walls, enforcing the case where a portal strictly connects only two sectors. Also, limiting this portal depth to only one would be prudent. Drawing the fog-color for the portals in connecting rooms would probably look fine.

Disclaimer: Since I haven’t actually done the legwork of implementing this on hardware, I have no idea exactly how (non) performant this would be. My guess is that it’d probably be possible on hardware with some compromises, maybe having to sacrifice texture mapping, fog effects, or walls having different heights. Possibly all three. We would probably also consider halving the vertical and horizontal resolution of the 3D effects, which would speed up rendering significantly. For the sake of having fun graphics in the mockups, I’m just going to assume we get to keep those features, and can render at full resolution, and proceed onward.

From there we can start to have some fun. It’s nigh impossible to draw things like round cylinders and spheres, so I’d recommend the tried-and-true method of using camera-facing sprites to enhance low-poly graphics. Things like the caps of castle towers and roofs of huts, can be added with this method. Other world objects like the player, enemies, trees, and items will also be drawn to the screen this way. (Note: All of the mockups of the game in this blog were rendered in Unity, but strictly followed the rules of the SNES and the limitations described above)

Note that the tree and spire sprites are rendered in world-space, and are therefore much lower resolution. The player sprite would be rendered in screen-space using the hardware supported sprites, allowing it to be much higher resolution.

We can also pull some other interesting tricks. For the floor, we can render out a tilemap using the Mode 7 technique described above. For an exterior, we can scroll the background tiles to line up forming a horizon skybox. For interior scenes, like for castles and caves, we can mirror the floor technique to create a ‘ceiling’. We will have to keep the wall heights all the same for this perspective trickery to work, however.

The pixel art for the player sprite turned out really good and took a while, so you’re going to be seeing it a lot.

Combat Design

To figure out our design needs here, we’re going to start with how Soulslike games play, and work back from there. 

First, to pay off the player’s timing skills, they have long windup and cooldown animations when attacks happen - both for the player and the enemies. This presents a problem for our imaginary console; long animations means lots of frames, and as depicted in the mockups above, we also have a relatively large player sprite (78 px by 88 px). To mitigate these limitations, we’re again going to have to cut back and approach it strategically.

There’s probably a more optimal division, but this was by hand.

For the animations, to store them, we can use a lower bit depth for the images than the SNES natively uses. The console hardware natively uses a 4 bits per pixel, giving 15 colors + alpha. If we reduce the color down to use at most 8 colors per sprite, we can use 3 bits per pixel, and convert when writing to the sprite memory. This does potentially waste the other 8 colors of that sprites palette, but this can be recycled as a different sprites palette. In fact, this can also give us more palettes to work with. Heck, if we were to push it to 4 colors per sprite (2 bits per pixel), we could get 4x the sprites in ROM with 4x the palettes. However, this might result in bad looking graphics, so all the sprites in the example mockups use at most 7 colors + alpha.

There are also some more tricks that can give us more visuals for our memory. We could write tools that identify exact and very close sub-sprites (8 px by 8 px tiles), and simply reuse those when drawing new images to the screen. Again, having fewer colors means these are more likely to occur. This is similar to how the wide array of animations were implemented in Aladdin [9] and by hand in a smaller scale for the NES game Micro Mages [10]. I haven’t found anything confirming this, but I suspect it’s also how large sprite games like Street Fighter 2 manage to fit on the console.

Giving the match algorithm a threshold rather than requiring a perfect match would probably look good enough, too.

Combat design would also have to contribute to saving resources. We would limit the player to fighting one, rarely two enemies at a given time for a location. Fortunately, the structure of the souls games readily lends itself to this, which would reinforce the deadliness of each encounter. We would also probably have to limit the total number of enemies in the game, to further save on memory. To mitigate the feeling of reuse, the enemy’s AI would have to be a primary focus of the programming for the game, so that each would feel like a unique and difficult challenge every time they were encountered.

The other aspect of souls games that needs to be respected is the 3-dimensionality of the combat. Dodging, ducking, and simply moving allows the player to gain tactical advantage. Calculating 3D collisions can be extremely computationally expensive, but I think it can be done in such a way that can easily run on hardware.

The first advantage we have is that we’re likely fighting only 1 or two enemies, so our sword/spear/axe need only check if it’s colliding with those, and nothing else. We can express the collision test as a single point, defined as 3 numbers representing the x, y, and z elements, and the collider as a axis-aligned rectangle defined by 2 points, each with an x, y, and z.

But wait! Players and enemies in dark souls can’t jump! We can probably reduce the collider  hitbox to be expressed as a x and z width and depth, and then a 2d point with a height. And - what if the hitbox is assumed to be square? Then we can remove the depth, leaving us with a 4 byte definition for a box. This might make the collision test inefficient, though, so we might end up wanting to keep the 6 byte hitbox.

So, when the player swings a sword, we look up the pre-authored 3D position of the sword based on the frame of animation, and position it in a world space relative to the enemy hitbox, using as much integer math and cosine table lookups as possible. Then, we test to see if that point is inside the hitbox. If it is, we can tell the player that a hit has occurred, play reaction animations on both the player and the enemy, and deal damage. Since the most expensive part is the transformations, testing multiple points along the swing of the sword to simulate continuous collision detection might be a good idea that would be fairly performant.

A poor man’s continuous collision detection.

From there, we can add in crouching and rolling to the hitbox by lowering the height at runtime, and iframes by marking the player as invulnerable. If we end up using the 6 byte hitbox, we could even implement a jump, raising the lower-bound corner of the hitbox. 

This gives us a relatively expressive combat system - low swings that must be dodged (or jumped), high swings that must be crouched under, and other shapes like slanted or vertical swings that must be identified and moved away from accordingly.

The hard part is making tools to author all the different points to that the weapon would be at.

Controls

Right-bumper and Left-bumper to rotate the camera around the player

D Pad to move the player relative to the screen 

A to interact, and heavy attack

B to light attack

Y to duck, Y + D Pad to roll

X to use equipped item

Start to open the in-game menu

Select to change equipped item

Asset Production

In the era before cgi became cost effective, creating 3d-looking assets was a huge undertaking, especially for large animated sprites. The toolchains for assets were usually custom for each game, and professional tools weren’t widespread, cheap, or accessible.

If I were tasked with directing a game like this, I think my asset pipeline would be very inspired by Doom and Mortal Kombat. Since there would need to be multiple angles of each animation, I would set up an array of cameras around a subject, and then pose them, and take many pictures at the same time to capture the view from each angle.

For humanoid characters, I would probably recommend actual humans with costuming, much like as mentioned previously, Mortal Kombat. The player character could equip armor sets and have their appearance change, but only the entire costume, not each piece individually. This would also allow simple recoloring of the armor by using different palettes, giving even more variation.

Finish him!

For the non-humanoid monsters and possibly even for some of the 2d planar sprites, like trees, I would actually turn to terrain- and miniatures. For Doom, they actually sculpted some of the monsters in clay around wire armatures, and then posed them and captured them on a turntable to digitize them from every angle. However (I haven’t found a source for this) I suspect it wasn’t wildly successful, because about half of the monsters are either drawn from hand or kit-bashed out of other digitized monster parts. Either way, this would give the game non-human demonic characters with flailing limbs and bizarre forms, and provide really detailed props like trees and wells and bushes.

I didn’t have time or the motivation to do the above for this blog post, but this is a really cool way to create assets for old games that might actually be possible. Theoretically, one could also 3D render these back in the day with a Silicon Graphics workstation - much like how Donkey Kong Country was made [11], but that’s not quite as fun, is it.

Lore and Gallery

Look, we all get carried away. Here’s a big lore dump for this imaginary game, both that which would take place before the game, and the events that take place during the game. Peppered in are some mockup screenshots of the game. Hope you enjoyed reading this as much as I enjoyed writing and imagining it!

Eternal War

In the second age, the Divine War began between the Demona of the Underrealm and the Angels On High. Generations of humanity were born and died not knowing if it would ever end. The cycle churned the earth to mud and tore at the gristle of the world, devastating cities, corrupting rivers, grinding down the very mountains that clawed the darkened skies. The godly strength wielded by both sides gutted the world, cutting dungeons deep into the earth, and raising holy strongholds that pierced the continent like barbs.

Caught in the middle, humanity cowered in the fields and beneath their thatched roofs, praying for the mercy of a quick death at best. None believed the conflict could end; it simply was.

Annihilation

None alive know what tipped the scales of balance, but gradually the Demona gained ground. At the Gilded Keep, during the final battle, the Archangel Cassalia sacrificed herself with a dark magick, annihilating the keep and the surrounding armies. The 6 Demona Kings, greedy and impatient in their impending victory, fell to the fiery inferno. However, the other Archangels, the final bastion of Angels, and scores of the Demona legions were destroyed as well.

Men peeked tentatively from their shelters, finding only the battered armor of Angels and mangled corpses of the damned, and cautiously took their first steps into the light of a new era. Crops were planted in earnest, and the sun swept golden hills glowed with new, if wan, light.

Vitality

Centuries after the end of the war, rumors of the return of demon kings or archangels are still exchanged in taverns after too much ale. Humanity struggles and people are starving, but there are more born every year that survive the winters. Occasionally, Demona are sighted skirting towns and haunting roads, feasting on the unwary travelers flesh, but for the most part all is peaceful, if uneasy.

Enlightenment

You are an experienced fighter of demons, and you’ve been summoned to Tarnis, a village near the ruins of the Gilded Keep. You’ve agreed to come after the village scraped together enough gold to convince you to come help. As you arrive, you hear tales of a Demona Prince, a rarer and more devious variant that has a propensity for organizing larger covens and commanding minions.

You delve deep into the ruins of the keep, protecting yourself from the local fauna, ancient Angelic traps, and the occasional lowly demon, until you reach a sanctum far below the loam outside.

You behold the golden body of an Angel - the first seen in living human memory. She has clearly been tortured, and the tormentor, the Demona Prince Z’lek moves quickly to eviscerate your intrusion. Blade flashes against bone and claw, and the creature falls twitching and writhing in it’s own ichor.

You free the Angel, who names herself Ailas, and she tells of the rebirth of the six Demon Kings. She begs of you to slay these reanimated carcasses, and promises the eternal ecstasies of divinity in exchange for your devotion to her. 

King Hunting

Your travels take you to flooded tombs in fetid swamps, to barren desert temples, to deep underground where the air ripples with the heat of the planet’s womb and the ground glows beneath your feet.

Veritas

You limp back to the Gilded Keep, clinging at wounds that refuse to close. Pushing open the door to the throne room, you see Ailas atop her restored place, resplendent and bared in gold. She offers a hand to you, and asks one final question - will you join her? Or will you fight and slay her to take the throne for yourself, and for humanity?

Further Reading

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FVN_Ze7bzw

[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7gWmdgXPgk

[3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57ibhDU2SAI

[4] https://doom.fandom.com/wiki/Super_NES

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_3D_Noah%27s_Ark

[6] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhMMK3QLxSM

[7] https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=822&v=HQYsFshbkYw&feature=youtu.be

[8] https://twobithistory.org/2019/11/06/doom-bsp.html

[9] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kOnUITJqRQQ

[10] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWQ0591PAxM

[11] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTBnzCb6jMM

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Why Eevee Is the Most Realistic Pokémon Ever

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Pokémon is renowned for its eclectic superpowered creatures that gamers of all ages can collect, train, battle, and trade. While Pokémon such as Girafarig are clearly inspired by real-world animals, they all have fantastic powers that obviously don’t exist in real life (unless giraffes have psychic powers they never told us about). When it comes to realistic Pokémon, though, Eevee has long stood alone.

Eevee’s is a 15-pound, foot-tall creature with brown fur, long ears, a flat face, a fluffy tail, and no readily apparent fantasy traits that allude to elemental affinities. Essentially, Eevee’s design combines the features of dogs, foxes, and cats. It’s not necessarily the most realistic Pokémon from a sheer visual standpoint (Talonflame would arguably win that award since it looks like an orange peregrine falcon), but Eevee’s verisimilitude proves to be more than skin deep thanks to the gimmick at the core of the creature’s design

Even if you are only vaguely familiar with Pokémon, you probably know at least a little about its evolution system. As Pokémon become stronger, many reach milestones that let them morph into new forms, complete with stat boosts and, on occasion, new elemental typings. Every so often, though, Pokémon games ask players to fulfill additional evolutionary criteria, such as using special items or holding the console upside down. These gimmicks make their associated evolutions feel special, but Eevee’s gimmick is actually evolution itself.

Unlike real-world evolution, most evolutions in Pokémon are akin to metamorphosis or epigenetics (how genes are affected by environment and behavior). Think of Pokémon evolution like lion puberty. When maturing, lions rapidly increase in mass, and males grow a resplendent mane. Female lions typically don’t grow manes, but they can if they’re given enough testosterone. Replace manes with wild additions such as extra heads and steel girders, and you have linear Pokémon evolutions. As Game Freak created more Pokémon, alternate, albeit binary, evolution paths became much more commonplace. However, Eevee remains the only Pokémon since Gen 1 to receive multiple branching transformations, and its number of possible evolutionary paths has only grown as the series itself has evolved. 

As of writing this article, Eevee has eight possible evolutions (fingers crossed for a new Ghost or Steel-type in Pokémon Legends: Arceus). These choices, or “Eeveelutions,” are Flareon, Jolteon, Vaporeon, Espeon, Umbreon, Leafeon, Glaceon, and Sylveon. Not only is this a record number of evolutionary forms for any Pokémon, but each decently resembles real-world evolutionary examples.

For now, let’s pretend that Pokémon evolution is not a magical, instantaneous process and that the elemental stones used in many “Eeveelutions” represent different environments (e.g., the Water Stone is a river or lake and the Fire Stone is a desert or volcano). What does that say about those evolutions? It suggests they demonstrate adaptations that would help Eevee survive and thrive in distinct biomes and ultimately turn into different species (just like the real world)

Vaporeon, for instance, is a fantastical creature that resembles the evolution of cetaceans (i.e., whales and dolphins). Several Vaporeon Pokédex entries even state it can “become invisible in water.” That adaptation mirrors how scientists believe Orcas hunt. Orcas’ black backs blend into the inky depths when viewed from above, and their white bellies blend into the water’s surface when seen from below. Thanks to those patterns, Orcas are essentially invisible to prey, not unlike Vaporeon and its bright blue body that can “melt away” into the clean, blue waters it prowls. Plus, Vaporeon sports a horizontal tail fin; a trademark feature of real aquatic mammals that connects them to land-dwelling ancestors whose back legs fused into a flipper. Granted, Vaporeon has four legs and a flipper on its tail, but it also has gills, so not everything is one-to-one.

Flareon, meanwhile, mirrors the evolutionary adaptations of the fennec fox. As a Fire-type, Flareon’s internal temperature resembles that of a blast furnace, and, according to many Pokédex entries, its flame pouch does the endothermic heavy lifting. However, several entries state the Pokémon cools down by radiating excess heat off its fur. That is reminiscent of how fennec fox fur functions but in reverse. Instead of cooling it off, a fennec fox’s thick fur keeps it warm during cold desert nights. When it does need to cool off, heat pours off their gargantuan ears. Have you ever noticed that a Flareon’s ears closely resemble those of a fennec fox? Food for thought.

If “Eeveelutions” initiated by stones are akin to natural selection, then the non-stone “Eeveelutions” of Espeon, Umbreon, and Slyveon seem to reflect selective breeding, which is, essentially, a “manmade evolution” process that breeds specific traits resulting in unique domesticated animals. Corgis are a prime example of this process, as they were selectively bred with short legs to make them better herders that can nip at livestock’s legs without being kicked. Plus, corgis are family-friendly guard dogs. Selective breeding irrevocably alters the gene pool and instills a symbiotic relationship with humans, but what does it have to do with Pokémon such as Espeon and Sylveon?

Well, for starters, they cannot evolve without high friendship and affection stats (which measure how much a Pokémon love its trainer). Several Espeon and Sylveon Pokédex entries even discuss their relationships with humans. Comparatively, entries for “naturally evolved” Pokémon, such as Darumaka and Conkeldurr, at best explain how they benefit humans. 

Moreover, Espeon, Umbreon, and Slyveon have some physical traits similar to those animals brought about through real-world selective breeding. For instance, Espeon doesn’t seem to have fur except for the corn-like tufts sprouting from its ears. However, several of Espeon’s Pokédex entries state the Pokémon is covered in fine fur. Espeon shares this trait with Sphynx cats, which, contrary to popular belief, are covered in nearly invisible downy fur caused by a genetic mutation. Normally, this mutation would be weeded out of the gene pool, but it was encouraged via selective breeding. Furthermore, Espeon mimics the Sphynx cat’s large eyes and gremlin ears, which can also be attributed to selective breeding. Sure, Espeon also sports psychic powers and a split tail, but that’s Pokémon fiction for ya.

cnx.cmd.push(function() { cnx({ playerId: "106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530", }).render("0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796"); });

While Eevee ultimately transforms into a Jolteon or Umbreon via nothing short of video game magic, it remains arguably the most realistic Pokémon thanks to its branching forms which mimic the mechanics of real-world evolution. In fact, if you want to give your child a leg up on lessons in real-world evolution, use Eevee as a handy analogy.

The post Why Eevee Is the Most Realistic Pokémon Ever appeared first on Den of Geek.

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The Function Of Hydrolysed Proteins

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Content

Biotech & Biochem Research Items

Bioactive Healthy Protein As Well As Peptides Market Gamers, Dimension, Cagr, Applications, Kinds, Analysis, Fads, Forecast To 2027.

Cardarine Gw.

Unquenched Calibration Peptide For Snaptide ® 521. Vamptide ® Peptide Substrate (o.

Typical applications for these identified peptides consist of the Fluorescence (or Förster) Resonance Power Transfer analysis of receptor-ligand interactions, protein-protein interactions and also the cleavage of substratum molecules. An unique antifungal bicyclic peptide from the aquatic sponge Theonella generates development of vacuoles and overflow of 1, 3-beta-D-glucan. Theonellamide F inhibits development of numerous pathogenic fungi and has cytotoxic properties versus L1210 as well as P388 leukaemia cells. It can be utilized as essential biomarker for the measurement of antigens and also as a non-invasive method for discovering intrusive fungal infections. These can triggering injury and illness when touching body cells, as they engage with biomolecules such as enzymes, hormones and mobile receptors. Toxins vary substantially in their extent, ranging from normally minor or acute responses to fatality. There are several ways to generate powerful bicyclic peptides, one of the most usual being phage-encoded libraries.

In expert facilities, utilizing B-type natriuretic peptide blood degrees to guide treatment in people with persistent heart failure shows pledge however did not improve survival for all groups. In this review, the advantage was just seen in patients aged much less than 75, who made it through an added 1.5 years on average, and potentially those with bad heart feature.

Biotech & Biochem Research Study Items

Using this procedure a single linear peptide substratum will certainly yield a distinct collection of customized cyclic peptides (5 in the instance shown in Fig. 2), each with a distinct conformation, and a variety of target binding and also physicochemical residential or commercial properties. In all present-day microorganisms, details inscribed in DNA, the hereditary material of the cell, is converted via an RNA intermediate right into proteins, the molecular makers of the cell. Nevertheless, proof recommends that in a remote transformative previous our single-celled forefathers made use of just RNA for both genetic info storage space and metabolism. A foundation of this "RNA world" would certainly have been an RNA able to replicate itself.

Dispute Over Muscle-Building Drugs Goes to Court - Wall Street Journal

Dispute Over Muscle-Building Drugs Goes to Court.

Posted: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 07:00:00 GMT [source]

The Swiss based Bachem Team is a public, innovation-driven company concentrating on the development and also manufacturing of pepTides and oligonucleoTides. As a complete supplier Bachem uses items for clinical growth and business applications along with a thorough directory as well as unique custom synthesis.

Bioactive Healthy Protein As Well As Peptides Market Players, Dimension, Cagr, Applications, Kinds, Analysis, Trends, Forecast To 2027.

Now-a-days, it is obtaining changed with solid-phase synthesis due to its simplicity as contrasted to the former. However, fluid stage synthesis remains valuable in the large production of peptides for commercial objectives. To seek a peptide mimetic, it is very vital to determine a peptide or a peptide sequence within the target protein that is taken into consideration for the assay. Structural restrictions are considered to seek the legitimacy of the functions.

Bicycles can be conveniently determined to drug a vast range of targets and target classes, including lots of that have actually until now been undruggable with little particles, such as protein-protein interactions. This screening procedure self-selects for Bicycles that are amenable to add-on-- frequently described as conjugation-- to other molecular hauls such as cytotoxins, natural immune activators or other Bikes. Bikes can be connected with each other with artificial ease to produce complex molecules with combinatorial pharmacology. Alternatively, Bikes in the form of multimers can additionally be used as standalone therapeutics, including those that we are discovering in our T-cell modulator program. Our team believe that the versatility of our Bicycles as well as our effective testing platform allow brand-new therapies to be quickly developed and also lowered to exercise to potentially serve varied restorative applications throughout a variety of indicators.

Cardarine Gw.

Bicyclic peptides such as the amatoxins and phalloidin contain a connecting team, typically in between two of the side chains. There are a variety of cyclic peptide hormones that are cyclised through a disulfide bond between two cysteines-- for instance, somatostatin as well as oxytocin.

Does MK 677 increase testosterone?

MK-677 treatment reduced serum total testosterone (P

Rosario is an Elderly Scientist at the Medicinal Chemistry Institute (IQM-CSIC), Madrid. She is associated with peptides, additional framework mimics as well as small-molecule peptidomimetics of application in biological/medicinal chemistry programs, especially pertaining to the modulation of ion networks and associated proteins. The initial professional tests of Modi-1, the lead candidate from the Moditiope ® system, are anticipated to target people with triple unfavorable bust cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells as well as osteosarcoma. To utilize the wide applicability of Bicycles, we have actually participated in several collaborations beyond our inner focus in oncology. These calculated collaborations, each with partners that have deep restorative know-how, are based upon the wide applicability of the proprietary Bike platform and its capacity to deal with a wide variety of targets. These partnerships improve our ability to bring this crucial class of medicines to clients with devastating conditions besides cancer.

Unquenched Calibration Peptide For Snaptide ® 521. Vamptide ® Peptide Substratum (o.

Phage approaches have been established for illness targets as well as the generation of powerful phage complied with by cyclisation of the phage-encoded linear peptides including three cysteine residues. The method was efficiently used on human plasma kallikrein inhibitors generated with nanomolar affinities. Depsipeptides are peptides in which one of the amide linkages is replaced by a lactone link. Some cyclic as well as bicyclic depsipeptides are cyclised between the C-terminal carboxyl as well as the side chain of a threonine or serine deposit.

In studies of trained as well as untrained mice, Cardarine triggered fast twitch muscular tissue fiber to convert to slow down jerk muscular tissue fibers.

Where Cardarine or GW50515 becomes very fascinating is that PPARD activation raised mitochondrial biogenesis in the muscular tissue, which can renovate your muscle cells!

At simply 1mg per day for 3 weeks a professional trial showed an average gain of 1.21 kg in LBM which is virtually 1 extra pound of LBM weekly which is definitely crazy thinking about the time frame as well as the reality that they were not even training.

Because of this Cardarine is typically called a workout mimetic as only workout could normally make these adjustments to your metabolic rate and also fiber composition.

The typical results from this are 7-10lbs of LBM, good increases in strength and little to lean loss.

The typical dose for performance enhancement is 2-10mg daily for 4-8 weeks.

The survival of these markers in historical bones was examined using a collection of 26 ovicaprid specimens from Domuztepe, a Neolithic site in south main Turkey. These pens were used to examine the osteological decision of 24 of the Domuztepe bones, and determine the varieties for 2 immature specimens. The collagen-peptide technique has advantages over other non-morphological approaches of sheep/goat difference because of the long-term survival of collagen over other biomolecules such as ancient DNA. The outcomes additionally highlighted the problems in trusting one morphological standard, in this instance on the distal span, to compare lamb and goat bones.

Our screening platform can be released to evaluate either soluble healthy proteins or cell-based targets. Along with being resource-efficient and also rapid, the process distinctly utilizes an essential on-phage binding assay that notifies structure activity connections. We can include a broad series of tiny particle scaffolds into Bicycles to raise diversity as well as provide differentiated physicochemical as well as structural buildings. , Methods to improve plasma fifty percent life time of peptide and also healthy protein medicines, Amino Acids, 2006, 30, 351-- 367 CrossRef CAS PubMed. , Testimonial cyclic peptides on a merry-go-round; towards medicine style, Biopolymers, 2015, 104, 453-- 461 CrossRef CAS PubMed. , Impact of cumbersome side chains of amino acids on the option conformation of peptide fragment (81-92) derivatives of CD4, TYICEVEDQKEE, as researched by NMR spectroscopy as well as molecular modeling, Biochim. , Constraining cyclic peptides to simulate protein framework motifs, Angew.

BPC157 Ireland ='display: block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;' 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" width="309px" alt="Sarms advantages"/>

Nonetheless, there was a reduction in hospital admissions for heart failure for everyone. information BPC157 Poland got his PhD in Immunology at the University of Tuebingen. He has actually established the modern technology system XPRESIDENT, which incorporates techniques from peptidomics, genomics and immunology in order to discover unique and also naturally presented cancer antigens. The system is commercialised by immatics biotechnologies, where Toni Weinschenk, likewise a founder of the company, is heading the drug discovery team. Using a hydrolysed protein can assist to decrease GI and/or skin-related indications as the hydrolysed healthy protein is unable to crosslink receptors on pole cells, as a result minimising degranulation as well as launch of histamine. Bradykinin is an inflammatory mediator and an important regulator of blood pressure, kidney feature as well as heart feature, as well as likewise involved in swelling.

By modifying the amino acid sequence we can regulate whether these peptides set up into hydrogels composed of nanofibers or peptide nanotube structures. We have developed our own internal modern technology to allow for the post-folding labelling of little healthy proteins. This approach, which uses a masked cysteine moiety, can be used to present a fluorophore or PEG particle bearing maleimide performance right into the product after the disulfide bridges have been developed. This technique has actually been applied to a variety of chemokine, enhance protein as well as conotoxin targets. Almac has considerable experience in the conjugation of peptides to a series of provider healthy proteins including keyhole limpet hemocyanin, Ovalbumin, Bovine Product Albumin, and also Human Lotion Albumin. Peptides are an expanding class of medicines, with buildings in between little particles as well as biologics. Insulin is a widely-used example of an establised peptide-based therapy.

With 50 years of experience as well as subsidiaries in Switzerland, the United States, the UK and Japan, Bachem is the companion of selection for the biotech and also pharma sector worldwide. Over 20+ studies have actually been released making use of the RALA system, varying from the basic style as well as application of an effective cell permeating peptide to use as a possible healing mRNA injection candidate. Variations around a hit particle can be made by utilizing various enzymes and also reaction plans, including more tailoring by oxidation of the heterocycles and also decor with prenyl teams.

The development of such a RNA replicase is commonly considered to mark the bottom line in the beginning of life. Research from Philipp Holliger's group in the LMB's PNAC Department has actually dropped new light on exactly how the RNA globe, and also its RNA replicase, might have first come to be dependent on short proteins, beginning the change to our modern biology. This latest paper discusses exactly how hydrolysed salmon peptides could change glycerine-- a nutritionally empty active ingredient-- in semi-moist pet snacks delivering high dietary protein value and also great palatability, along with other wellness benefits.

Ultimately, the authors of this publication hope to generate a spark of gratitude for the possible and also appeal of cyclic peptides, contrasting the rather slandering undertone reverberating along with their original word stem peptós. Head-to-tail-, side chain-to-side chain-, as well as side chain-to-terminus-cyclization.34,35 Several loops are also frequently discovered in peptides, e.g. a combination of a head-to-tail- as well as a side chain-to-side chain-macrocycle. Thus the most basic homodetic macrocyclic peptide is a covalent circuit built up of at the very least 4 deposits. However, smaller (non-macro-) cyclic concepts also occur having only a restricted number of constrained bonds. Figure 1.3 illustrates several of the most basic and also common motifs.34 Contrasting these structures, it promptly becomes clear that each specific setting of cyclization can result in a completely various geometry of the bent substance. Liquid-phase synthesis is a standard strategy for the synthesis of peptides.

N2 - We explain a method of isolating as well as assessing a solitary collagen peptide able to compare lamb as well as goat bone collagen. Microflow can assist in level of sensitivity gains for a wide array of analytes, yet the best advantage has been for peptides and healthy proteins. A DPhil pupil is called for to check out the technology further to seek opportunities to improve antigen discussion in both antigen presenting cells as well as target cells. This will be done via establishing one or two prospects of vaccines to preclinical phase. Bachem has confirmed efficacy of Trend Fluor fluorescent color in a a Förster Vibration Power Transfer evaluation of uptake of Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) by J774 macrophages, gotten from BALB/c computer mice. The Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) was labeled with Trend Fluor ™ 5WS fluorescent dye to enable visualization. The cells were presented in bright area imaging overlaid with the eco-friendly fluorescent network of the peptides.

Low bioavailability of the peptides is also a significant downside connected with peptide medications which is partly because of the inadequate membrane layer transportation ability of its amide backbone structure. • the first effective randomised professional tests in cancer clients that might lead to the very first FDA registration of a healing cancer cells vaccination within the following few years. pIII small coat healthy protein which shows a cell targeting ligand (e.g. RGD4C), which allows extremely targeted distribution to the target cell, for instance a tumour cell. Abdominal Muscle - We explain a technique of isolating and also evaluating a solitary collagen peptide able to distinguish between lamb and goat bone collagen. The 33 amino acid peptide from both sheep and also goat collagen was sequenced as well as shown to differ between both species at two settings. Evaluation of a variety of caprines showed that the series adjustments took place between the aberration of the Himalayan tahr as well as the ibex which the suggested goat marker is analysis of all Capra species and types.

[96thdayofrage]

The anti-racism consulting industry does deserve both some sympathy and some credit. Its intention, to prod white Americans into more awareness of their own racism, is beneficent. And their premise that white people are often unaware of the degree to which racial privilege has enabled their success, which they can mistakenly attribute entirely to merit and effort, is correct. American society is shot through with multiple overlapping systems of racial bias — from exposure to harmful pollution to biased policing to unequal access to education to employment discrimination — that in combination sustain massive systemic inequality.

But the anti-racism trainers go beyond denying the myth of meritocracy to denying the role of individual merit altogether. Indeed, their teaching presents individuals as a racist myth. In their model, the individual is subsumed completely into racial identity.

One of DiAngelo’s favorite examples is instructive. She uses the famous story of Jackie Robinson. Rather than say “he broke through the color line,” she instructs people instead to describe him as “Jackie Robinson, the first Black man whites allowed to play major-league baseball.”

It is true, of course, that Robinson was not the first Black man who was good enough at baseball to make a major-league roster. The Brooklyn Dodgers decided, out of a combination of idealism and self-interest, to violate the norm against signing Black players. And Robinson was chosen due to a combination of his skill and extraordinary personality that allowed him to withstand the backlash in store for the first Black major leaguer. It is not an accident that DiAngelo changes the story to eliminate Robinson’s agency and obscure his heroic qualities. It’s the point. Her program treats individual merit as a myth to be debunked. Even a figure as remarkable as Robinson is reduced to a mere pawn of systemic oppression.

One way to understand this thinking is to place it on a spectrum of thought about race. On the far right is open white supremacy, which instructs white people to fight for their interests as white people. (Hence the 14-word slogan, “We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children.”) Moving to the left, standard-issue conservatism tends to discount the existence of racism and treat all problems in pure color-blind terms, as though racism has been banished. To the left of that is standard liberalism, which acknowledges the existence of racism as a problem that complicates simple race-neutral solutions.

The ideology of the racism-training industry is distinctively to the left of that. It collapses all identity into racial categories. “It is crucial for white people to acknowledge and recognize our collective racial experience,” writes DiAngelo, whose teachings often encourage the formation of racial affinity groups. The program does not allow any end point for the process of racial consciousness. Racism is not a problem white people need to overcome in order to see people who look different as fully human — it is totalizing and inescapable.

Of course, DiAngelo’s whites-only groups are not dreamed up in the same spirit as David Duke’s. The problem is that, at some point, the extremes begin to functionally resemble each other despite their mutual antipathy.

I want to make clear that when I compare the industry’s conscious racialism to the far right, I am not accusing it of “reverse racism” or bias against white people. In some cases its ideas literally replicate anti-Black racism.

Glenn Singleton, president of Courageous Conversation, a racial-sensitivity training firm, tells Bergner that valuing “written communication over other forms” is “a hallmark of whiteness,” as is “scientific, linear thinking. Cause and effect.”

This is not some idiosyncratic oddball notion. The African-American History Museum has a page on whiteness, which summarizes the ideas that the racism trainers have brought into relatively wide circulation.

“White” values include things like “objective, rational thinking”; “cause and effect relationships”; “hard work is the key to success”; “plan for the future”; and “delayed gratification.” The source for this chart is another, less-artistic chart written by Judith Katz in 1990. Katz has a doctorate in education and moved into the corporate consulting world in 1985, where, according to her résumé, she has “led many transformational change initiatives.” It is not clear what in Katz’s field of study allowed her to establish such sweeping conclusions about the innate culture of white people versus other groups.

One way to think through these cultural generalizations is to measure them against its most prominent avatar for racial conflict, Donald Trump. How closely does he reflect so-called white values? The president hardly even pretends to believe that “hard work” is the key to success. The Trump version of his alleged success is that he’s a genius who improvises his way to brilliant deals. The realistic version is that he’s a lazy heir who inherited and cheated his way to riches, and spends most of his time watching television. Trump is likewise incapable of delayed gratification, planning for the future, and regards “objective rational thinking” with distrust. On the other hand, Barack Obama is deeply devoted to all those values.

Now, every rule has its exceptions. Perhaps the current (white) president happens to be alienated from the white values that the previous (Black) president identified with strongly. But attaching the values in question to real names brings to life a point the racism trainers seem to elide: These values are not neutral at all. Hard work, rational thought, and careful planning are virtues. White racists traditionally project the opposite of these traits onto Black people and present them as immutable flaws. Jane Coaston, who has reported extensively on the white-nationalist movement, summarizes it, “The idea that white people are just good at things, or are better inherently, more clean, harder working, more likely to be on time, etc.”

In his profile, Bergner asked DiAngelo how she could reject “rationalism” as a criteria for hiring teachers, on the grounds that it supposedly favors white candidates. Don’t poor children need teachers to impart skills like that so they have a chance to work in a high-paying profession employing reasoning skills?

DiAngelo’s answer seems to imply that she would abolish these high-paying professions altogether:

“Capitalism is so bound up with racism. I avoid critiquing capitalism — I don’t need to give people reasons to dismiss me. But capitalism is dependent on inequality, on an underclass. If the model is profit over everything else, you’re not going to look at your policies to see what is most racially equitable.”

(Presumably DiAngelo’s ideal socialist economy would keep in place at least some well-paid professions — say, “diversity consultant,” which earns her a comfortable seven-figure income.)

Singleton, likewise, proposed evolutionary social changes to the economy that would render it unnecessary to teach writing and linear thought to minority children. Bergner writes:

I asked whether guiding administrators and teachers to put less value, in the classroom, on capacities like written communication and linear thinking might result in leaving Black kids less ready for college and competition in the labor market. “If you hold that white people are always going to be in charge of everything,” he said, “then that makes sense.” He invoked, instead, a journey toward “a new world, a world, first and foremost, where we have elevated the consciousness, where we pay attention to the human being.”

Whether or not a world along these lines will ever exist, or is even possible to design, is at best uncertain. What is unquestionably true is that these revolutionary changes will not be completed within the lifetime of anybody currently alive. Which is to say, a program to deny the value of teaching so-called white values to Black children is to condemn them to poverty. Unsurprisingly, Bergner’s story shows two educators exposed to the program and rebelling against it. One of them, Leslie Chislett, had to endure some ten anti-racism training sessions before eventually snapping at the irrationality of a program that denigrates learning. “The city has tens of millions invested in A.P. for All, so my team can give kids access to A.P. classes and help them prepare for A.P. exams that will help them get college degrees,” she says, “and we’re all supposed to think that writing and data are white values?”

Ibram X. Kendi, another successful entrepreneur in the anti-racism field, has a more frontal response to this problem. The achievement gap — the long-standing difference in academic performance between Black and white children — is a myth, he argues. The supposed gap merely reflects badly designed tests, he argues. It does not matter to him how many different kinds of measures of academic performance show this to be true. Nor does he seem receptive to the possibility that the achievement gap reflects environmental factors (mainly worse schools, but also access to nutrition, health care, outside learning, and so on) rather than any innate differences.

Kendi, like DiAngelo, argues that racism must be defined objectively. Intent does not matter, only effect. Their own intentions are surely admirable. But the fact is that their insistence on denying that America provides its Black children worse educations inhibits working toward a solution. Denying the achievement gap, like denying the gap in how police treat white and Black people, seems to objectively entrench racism.

It’s easy enough to see why executives and school administrators look around at a country exploding in righteous indignation at racism, and see the class of consultants selling their program of mystical healing as something that looks vaguely like a solution. But one day DiAngelo’s legions of customers will look back with embarrassment at the time when a moment of awakening to the depth of American racism drove them to embrace something very much like racism itself.

[infinitheismworld]

How Thoughts, Feelings and Actions are Connected

"It is easier to give you the discipline of an action; by consistently performing this action, eventually you achieve transformation of a feeling."

At the outset, bringing these two hands together and bowing down. If we don’t know the meaning behind it, it’s nothing but another physical action performed.

And when we understand the meaning behind it, it’s called a ritual.

One of the challenges in bringing timeless wisdom into contemporary practice is the need to understand the science behind why they asked us to do what they asked us to do.

To begin with, action-feeling is a cycle. It’s not linear. The way you act causes certain feelings in you and the way you feel propels certain actions in you. Action-feeling is a cycle. People say, “I don’t speak in public because I’m very nervous.”.

Actually, the contrary is also true. Because you don’t want to face public, you are nervous! The more you face public, you will overcome nervousness, which means in spite of nervousness, the moment you come and face the public, the action that you’re performing will bring about certain changes in your feelings.

And that is why you’ll see a lot of reluctant communicators, who reluctantly come to the mike and reluctantly start to speak. And once they start speaking willingly, they never end! They’ll keep on talking, because this action that you have performed, the moment it removes that nervousness within you… Now, this accident, this action propels confidence within you, and you’ll begin to see that confidence emulating through this very action! Religion is the highest form of psychology.

They studied human behaviour and realized, to bring about certain changes, certain transformations in you, especially in the feeling domain, the easiest way to achieve that is, give you the discipline of certain actions. And in performing those actions, you will be able to achieve the transformation of the feeling! For example, to teach somebody who has never concentrated in life concentration, by a mere speech, by a mere lecture it’s not going to happen. So they gave you the ritual of either running the rosary beads, or initiating you into a mantra and asking you to keep practicing that mantra. Or asking you to write, say, Sri Rama Jayam so many times, or asking you to physically perform certain actions.

Which involves coordination of body-mind, of just walking one step at a time, or doing the squats hundred and eight times, or practicing certain Pranayama in certain ratio. Actions performed, apart from the physical benefits you derive out of it, it achieves transformation of certain feelings.

So it’s much easier to give you the discipline of an action and by consistently performing this action, eventually you achieve transformation of a feeling.

Shake hands is an action!

Glad to meet you. You’re not yet glad, but by over a period of time performing the action, glad to meet you, glad to meet you, you enhance the chances of actually feeling glad!

It is one thing to feel that love and to act.

But how many of us have experienced? The more and more you hug a person, your affinity and attachment for the person actually grows. An action performed in order to achieve transformation of a feeling. A ritual basically means actions performed in order to achieve transformation of a feeling.

Those of you who have played competitive sport, I am sure you have gone through that.

You’re playing your table tennis match and you’re down six-nine. And somehow, a friend of yours whom you respect and value, screams from the crowd, “Hey, you can do it! Fight!” and somehow you do a body language.

And you don’t know what happened with that action that you performed, or somewhere you acknowledged to him that you will do it and something within you got pumped up.

And here you began to serve and it was ten-all! Something within the same player, some feeling within the same player has been transformed, through an action that was performed. Action feeling is a cycle.

Religion being the higher psychology, they understood the whole thing. That is why even now, to bring about certain transformations in your children in parenting, by inducing them into certain actions, you will be able to achieve the transformation of the feeling much, much more than continuously giving them a lecture on where you need that change!

So all rituals, whether it is about etiquette, whether it is about organizational discipline, whether it is about religion, all rituals are nothing but actions performed in order to achieve transformation of a feeling.

So whether they ask you to prostrate, or whether they ask you to go down on your knees in front of the altar of your God, or whether they are asking you to sit in certain mudras and certain postures, everything has a science behind it, which we may know, we may not know. But they are all actions performed in order to achieve transformation of a feeling.

Architects sitting here, before you begin any project, you decide what? Whether it is from a religious cue or you have been creative enough to come up with your own ritual, but perform a ritual and over a period of time, train your entire system to shift into a peak state.

Those of you who have ever been trained in public speaking, you will realize that whenever you lock your hands, whenever you throw your hands inside your pocket… People who have trained you in public speaking would have always told you, “Leave your hands free!” and there’s a reason behind it.

Again, research suggests, whenever you feel a little diffident, whenever you feel a little nervous, whenever you feel a little withdrawn, you do not leave your hands free. Your hands either lock up, or it picks up some object and holds. A confident speaker will not hold the mike and a nervous speaker cannot help but hold the mike. Now listen what happens to your system.

Because you are nervous, you hold the mike stand and speak. Now internally, this emotion of your nervousness and the body language of holding the mike has become a memory. In the future, every time you hold the mike stand, your system will start feeling nervous.

It cues in that nervousness into the entire system. So let us say, last time you felt diffident, very diffident and very nervous and you have thrown your hands inside the pocket and spoken. In the future, because an internal memory has been created linking this action with this feeling, first time you felt nervous and your body was in certain ways. In the future, when your body is in certain ways, you will start feeling like that.

So the moment, even as a confident speaker, you come in, you’re about to begin, and the moment your hands go into the pocket, somewhere you lock your entire hands and you’ll find the nervousness starts automatically, manifesting in whatever you deliver.

So it is so important, that positively and negatively to understand, there are certain bodily postures, there are certain bodily rituals, there are certain bodily grammar which over a period of time as you grow, is getting linked, like how you bite your nails when you feel nervous, when you are tensed, how you bite your nails? If you keep supporting a team which always loses.

Okay, then you don’t have nails left at all, because all the time, as if you’re only going to play and it becomes a habitual thing. Initially, when you were nervous when you could not handle the performance of what is going to happen to your team, you bit your nails and in the future, whenever you bite your nails, you’ll start feeling nervous.

So it’s so important to understand the link between action and feeling and the more and more you understand, then you realize, highest form of psychology was religion. They just realized what sort of actions can be induced into you, performing which you can achieve certain transformation of feelings.

Literally speaking, when you and me bring our hands together and bow down to each other, you know what is actually internally happening? The you in me is bowing down to the me in you. And experientially understand, we are way, way beyond all these labels by which we have identified ourselves and hence the ritual of bringing the hands together and bowing down to each other.

Now, what is important is, when this is performed as an action, you’ve done nothing but a bending exercise. When a reverence is brought to that action, when you understand the meaning behind it and for a moment, a conscious reminder happens that I in spirit and you in spirit are one and the same…

Over a period of time of performing this action, will achieve a transformation of a feeling and the sort of liberation that you have. Suddenly, it doesn’t matter in the midst of whom you are, you still feel all of us are connected to each other.

And it’s a tremendous liberation to experience.