#Asymmetric Synthesis

[conclubiltz]

ALL Chemistry Inc. is your reliable partner for contract research and advanced synthesis and analysis. We specialize in providing professional chemical products and custom solutions for pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries and research institutions on a global scale. For details visit: https://www.all-chemistry.com/pages/asymmetricsynthesis.html

[whats-in-a-sentence]

This asymmetric synthesis (figure 17.32) uses the chiral BINAP complex.

"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.

[thealexchen]

Why Dontnod's games feel original and inspired (and why Deck Nine's games don't)

So, I've talked at length about how Double Exposure feels much more like a corporate product than a playable piece of art entertainment [My initial thoughts on the DE trailer] [My thoughts on the early access paywall] [My thoughts on the weird marketing].

But now with the release of Lost Records, I feel like I have no choice but to confront the question: were any of Deck Nine's games truly original or inspired in any way? And honestly, I have to say no.

Objectively, I could say it's because Deck Nine literally has not produced any original IP's since their rebrand from Idol Minds in 2017. Their only narrative adventure games are all part of the LiS franchise. But even their most original game, True Colors, pretty obviously follows the first game's narrative formula (young woman with a superpower investigates a sudden disappearance/death in a small town with a dark secret, has two opposite sex love interests, learns about a twist villain, is nearly murdered, and goes through a psychological nightmare in the last episode) to a tee. But oh look, there's also a LARP!

But I believe there's more to it than that, because when I look at Dontnod's games, they are always inspired by other works. Life is Strange 1 plays very clear homage to Twin Peaks with the Pacific Northwest setting and Rachel Amber resembling Laura Palmer. Max Caulfield is named after the protagonist of The Catcher in the Rye, another novel about the fleeting innocence of childhood and superficiality of society. Life is Strange borrows tropes from Donnie Darko, Groundhog Day, The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo, Stand By Me, and even Blue is The Warmest Color for its themes and plot points. Just take a look at its "Shout-out" page on TV Tropes. And the result is... something completely original, with riveting plot twists, memorable characters, and an ending that will make you cry.

This shouldn't make sense, right? You'd think this big soup of references would turn into an indistinguishable mess of cliches, but Life is Strange managed to be a synthesis of everything the writers loved and were inspired by, to become something completely new. Why? Because nobody had tried to take Twin Peaks, Donnie Darko, and The Catcher in the Rye and turn it into a video game before! And make it gay!

The point being, Dontnod consistently makes original material because they take creative risks. This is definitely not done lightly, since they still need to be a company that generates profit, but they still prioritize making art over selling out. Their stories feel inspired because they are inspired; when writers love what they're writing about, the result is a passion project that has loving, clever nods to all the works that are woven into it.

So perhaps a way to reword that first question is to then ask, "Have Deck Nine's games ever been inspired by anything?" And unfortunately, the answer is still no. Instead, they just copy what they hope will sell well. And a bland imitation for the sake of generating profit is never going to produce anything that feels original.

This takes me back to Lost Records, which is also clearly inspired by the same works: Twin Peaks, It: Chapter One, The Craft, The Blair Witch Project, The Goonies, Stand By Me. But again, no other game studio besides Dontnod has ever looked at these works and thought, "But what if it starred teenage lesbians instead?" Or, more specifically: "How do we capture the spirit of what made these media great and incorporate that into a new story for a new audience?" And those characters have so much thought and care poured into them too: while I've been disappointed that Double Exposure Max looks airbrushed to hell and back, I love that the Bloom & Rage girls have asymmetrical faces, acne, freckles, body hair, skin discoloration, and diverse body types. Double Exposure is marketed as nostalgia bait for fans, where Max is reduced to a prettied-up, polished-up, representation of nostalgia, not even her own character anymore, in a game that otherwise has no connection to the original. Her quips are reduced to "Hey! Remember our good ol', dad-joke cracking, dorky Max Caulfield??" and her grief is shoved aside for "Hey, look at that appealing new love interest! Because we knoooow y'all love your sapphic romance, right?"

By contrast, Lost Records has only been out for 10 days, but I already feel like the girls are some of the most memorable characters I've come across in gaming for the niche they fill. Swann seems like your typical Max-like dork, except she's also a movie buff and giddy about bugs, horror, and the paranormal; and has clearly been affected by her mother's fatphobic beliefs. Autumn is a level-headed leader who always stuck to her desire to help others, and her Blackness naturally informs her desire to feel valued and not cause trouble in a small, very white, conservative town. Nora intrigues me so much for going from a fun-loving rebel punk teen to a more gender-conforming, capitalist-leaning, influencer businesswoman. And Kat feels like an evolution of Chloe's cynicism, where her scrappy charm belies an almost unsettling obsession with the occult and a deep, tragic chasm of rage at having to confront her mortality far too young. They make sense. They feel carefully written, genuine, and like real people.

But most of all, Dontnod's games have never felt like products. In fact, most of their characters have historically gone against the grain of what traditionally "marketable" characters are. The first LiS took all these aforementioned stories about straight white men and chose to remix and retell it through the eyes of a young, queer, time-traveling girl instead. Tell Me Why is the first AAA game with a trans protagonist, and Tyler is voiced by a trans actor in all the language dubs. Lost Records decided that it would tell its story through four queer teenage girls, with women writers onboard, and fucking own it. As long as Dontnod keeps making games that stick to their creative integrity, I'll keep respecting their vision in whatever they decide to create next. Also, maybe I should finally watch Twin Peaks.

Thank you for reading!

[literaryvein-reblogs]

Hi! Do you have tips on describing architecture? (Art nouveau style in particular)

Writing Notes: Art Nouveau Architecture

Art Nouveau - (French for ‘new art’) style of art that flourished between about 1890 and 1910 throughout Europe and the United States.

It is characterized by its use of a long, sinuous, organic line and was employed most often in architecture, interior design, jewelry and glass design, posters, and illustration.

It was a deliberate attempt to create a new style, free of the imitative historicism that dominated much of 19th-century art and design.

About this time, the term Art Nouveau was coined in Belgium by the periodical L’Art Moderne to describe the work of the artist group Les Vingt and in Paris by S. Bing (byname of Siegfried Bing), who named his gallery L’Art Nouveau. The style was called:

Jugendstil in Germany,

Sezessionstil in Austria,

Stile Floreale (or Stile Liberty) in Italy, and

Modernismo (or Modernista) in Spain.

The distinguishing characteristic of Art Nouveau is its undulating asymmetrical line, often taking the form of:

flower stalks and buds,

vine tendrils,

insect wings, and

other delicate and sinuous natural objects;

the line may be elegant and graceful or infused with a powerfully rhythmic and whiplike force.

Characteristics of Art Nouveau

Here are a few examples of the characteristics of Art Nouveau work in the visual arts, decorative arts, and architecture.

Natural shapes: Art Nouveau work is full of biomorphic shapes—or non-geometric, organic forms—that resemble flowers, insects, and other elements of the natural world.

Ornamental lines: Art Nouveau artworks—like the Paris Metro signs—frequently incorporate curvy, sinuous lines that mimic the swirling forms of plants or stems.

Flat, decorative patterns: In paintings and graphic arts, Art Nouveau artists tended to emphasize the flatness of the medium by creating small, densely packed patterns, like William Morris’s fabrics and wallpaper patterns, and the gilded motifs in Gustav Klimt’s paintings.

Byzantine influences: Artists like Gustav Klimt, with his mosaic-like gilded paintings, and Alphonse Mucha, who often painted the subjects of his paintings like Byzantine queens, drew influence from the ornate, embellished style of Byzantine art. Decorative artist Louis Comfort Tiffany presented his first Tiffany lamps in a Byzantine-influenced chapel at the World’s Colombian Exhibition in Chicago.

IN ARCHITECTURE and the other plastic arts, the whole of the three-dimensional form becomes engulfed in the organic, linear rhythm, creating a fusion between structure and ornament. Architecture particularly shows this synthesis of ornament and structure; a liberal combination of materials—ironwork, glass, ceramic, and brickwork—was employed, for example, in the creation of unified interiors in which columns and beams became thick vines with spreading tendrils and windows became both openings for light and air and membranous outgrowths of the organic whole. This approach was directly opposed to the traditional architectural values of reason and clarity of structure.

PUBLICATIONS such as The Grammar of Ornament (1856) by British architect and theorist Owen Jones (1809–1874), advocated nature as the primary source of inspiration for a generation of artists seeking to break away from past styles. The unfolding of Art Nouveau’s flowing line may be understood as a metaphor for the freedom and release sought by its practitioners and admirers from the weight of artistic tradition and critical expectations.

AFTER 1910, Art Nouveau appeared old-fashioned and limited and was generally abandoned as a distinct decorative style. In the 1960s, however, the style was rehabilitated, in part, by major exhibitions organized at the Museum of Modern Art in New York (1959) and at the Musée National d’Art Moderne (1960), as well as by a large-scale retrospective on Beardsley held at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London in 1966. The exhibitions elevated the status of the movement, which had often been viewed by critics as a passing trend, to the level of other major Modern art movements of the late 19th century. Currents of the movement were then revitalized in Pop and Op art. In the popular domain, the flowery organic lines of Art Nouveau were revived as a new psychedelic style in fashion and in the typography used on rock and pop album covers and in commercial advertising.

Examples of Art Nouveau Style in Architecture

Sagrada Familia, Antoni Gaudí: In 1883, Antoni Gaudí took over the construction of Barcelona’s Sagrada Familia basilica when architect Francisco de Paula del Villar y Lorzano resigned from the job. Though the project is still not completely finished, you can see Gaudí’s influence in the cathedral’s facade, accented with naturalistic moldings that almost look like they’re melting.

The Old England Building, Brussels, Belgium: Designed by architect Paul Saintenoy, the Old England building was constructed in 1899 and is considered one of Brussels’s Art Nouveau gems. The former department store now houses the Museum of Musical Instruments. Fittingly, the exterior is adorned with multiple panels showing musical phrases, as well as the standard Art Nouveau touches such as a floral motif and swirling iron details.

Casa Fenoglio-Lafleur, Turin, Italy: It was designed by architect Pietro Fenoglio in 1902 and it became his private residence. Fenoglio’s “home studio” was created to be an aesthetic model of the Art Nouveau style. Its most prominent features are the polychrome glass and intricate wrought iron bow windows, and a sinuous overhang above the terrace. The building’s history is rich; soon after the building was finished, the architect and his family left the house and sold it to a French businessman named Lafleur. He lived there until his death and it was passed on to La Benefica, an orphanage and charity in Turin. It survived bombing during World War II but then went into a state of disrepair. In the 1990s it was sold to a private client who restored it carefully to its original splendor and now it is home to private residences and some office space.

Majolikahaus, Vienna, Austria: Architect Otto Wagner was a key figure in the reinvention of Vienna at the turn of the 20th century. One of his most beloved works is the Majolikahaus apartment building, which was completed in 1898 and is decorated with a vibrant floral motif. The façade is comprised entirely of ceramic tiles known as majolica.

Casa Batlló, Barcelona, Spain: Gaudí brought his exuberant take on Art Nouveau to Barcelona, creating many of the city’s architectural landmarks. Casa Batlló, situated on the Passeig de Gràcia, is one of his best-known works and features allusions to the legend of St. George and the dragon. Its exterior is sheathed in colorful pieces of broken ceramics, while the roof is covered in scalelike tiles.

Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ⚜ More: References ⚜ Writing Resources PDFs

Choose which of these references are most suitable, considering the setting of your story, if historical accuracy is a high priority. Hope this helps with your writing!

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Biomimetic polymerization: Liquid crystals enable chiral polymer synthesis

By using optically active liquid crystals as reaction sites, researchers at University of Tsukuba have successfully achieved the living polymerization of polymers with aligned helical structures. In this process, optically inactive monomers adopt the chiral (mirror-image) structure in liquid crystals as they grow, resulting in optically active polymers. The paper is published in the journal Macromolecules. This advance represents a pioneering achievement in both asymmetric chemistry and polymer chemistry. Polyisocyanides are polymers distinguished by their helical structures, where the helix's winding direction (right- or left-handed) can be controlled through catalysts designed for synthesizing chiral molecules. This feature allows the exhibiting of optical properties such as circular dichroism and optical rotation in polyisocyanides, making them stable, optically active polymers.

Read more.

[dustedmagazine]

David Grubbs — Whistle from Above (Drag City)

David Grubbs is a prolific collaborator, recently recording with Squanderers. Whistle from Above is his first solo record since 2017. Grubbs creates electronics and plays guitar and piano. Some of the tracks are created solely by him, while others include guest musicians: trumpeter Nate Wooley, harpist Rhodri Davies, fiddler Cleek Schrey, cellist Nikos Vellotis, and percussionist Andrea Belfi.

The title track opens the recording, led by a post-rock guitar riff that is then adorned with scattered sul ponticello by Schrey. “The Snake on its Tail” is buoyed by the participation of several musicians. Grubbs plays an Eastern-tinged guitar part, Wooley adds a long phrased solo that morphs into a double time altissimo excursion, Vellotis plays distorted passages with an electric cello, and Belfi provides off-kilter percussion.

“Hung in the Sky of the Mind” is a back and forth duet of terse utterances between Grubbs, playing piano, and Davies. Undulating guitar ostinatos, a low drone on the cello, and a burbling electronic melody populate the process-driven “Scrapegrace.” Schrey plays repeated notes and Grubbs a slow asymmetrical melody in the opening of “Poem Arrives Distorted,” followed by a section for fiddle glissandos and pulsating arpeggios. 

“Later in the Tapestry Room” is one of the most intricate pieces, with pointillist guitar and avant electronics sweeping through the soundscape and bleeping in high registers. “Queens Side Eye” returns to the realm of post-rock, with the guitar playing a baritone register rhythm pattern against upper chord melodies. Wooley adds a piquant extension filled solo with breathless held notes. This proves to be an oasis, and the last track, "Synchro Fade Pluck Stutter Slip," is an essay in sampled snippets, bellicose drones, shrieking synthesis, and distorted guitars. This extended abstract essay demonstrates Grubbs’s chops in the realm of contemporary composition. In an extensive catalogue, Whistle from Above is one of his most memorable releases yet.

Christian Carey

[shamelesshologramdetective]

(R)-(-)-N-Boc-3-Pyrrolidinol Market, Report: Trends, Opportunities, and Forecast 2025-2032 

(R)-(-)-N-Boc-3-Pyrrolidinol Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2025-2031

The global (R)-(-)-N-Boc-3-Pyrrolidinol market is experiencing steady expansion, currently valued at USD 5.4 million in 2024 with projections indicating growth to USD 9.7 million by 2031, representing a CAGR of 9.1%. This chiral building block has become indispensable in pharmaceutical synthesis, particularly for developing complex drug molecules requiring specific stereochemistry.

(R)-(-)-N-Boc-3-Pyrrolidinol serves as a critical intermediate in producing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) for neurological and cardiovascular therapies. Its Boc-protected pyrrolidine structure offers both stability during synthesis and easy deprotection when needed, making it increasingly valuable as drug development pipelines grow more complex.

Download FREE Sample Report: https://www.24chemicalresearch.com/admin24cr/download-sample/290603/global-nbocpyrrolidinol-forecast-market-2025-2031-719

Market Overview & Regional Analysis

China dominates production with approximately 80% market share, leveraging its established pharmaceutical chemical infrastructure and cost advantages. North America follows with 10% share, driven by stringent quality requirements for drug development, while Europe accounts for 5% with its focus on innovative therapies.

The Asia-Pacific region demonstrates the strongest growth momentum, particularly in India and South Korea where generic drug manufacturers are expanding their capabilities. Meanwhile, North America maintains premium pricing for high-purity grades used in clinical-stage compounds, creating a two-tier market dynamic.

Key Market Drivers and Opportunities

Three primary factors are propelling market expansion: the surge in neurological drug development (where pyrrolidine structures are particularly valuable), increasing outsourcing of intermediate production by Western pharma companies, and advancements in asymmetric synthesis technologies that improve production efficiency.

Emerging opportunities include the compound's growing use in PROTAC drug development and as a building block for next-generation RNA therapeutics. Furthermore, the push for continuous manufacturing in pharma production is creating demand for reliable, consistent supplies of key intermediates like (R)-(-)-N-Boc-3-Pyrrolidinol.

Challenges & Restraints

The market faces several headwinds, including regulatory scrutiny of Chinese API facilities, intellectual property disputes around synthetic routes, and the technical complexity of maintaining stereochemical purity at scale. Additionally, the trend toward simpler drug molecules in some therapeutic areas could limit growth potential.

Supply chain vulnerabilities have emerged as a significant concern, particularly for Western pharmaceutical companies dependent on Asian suppliers. This has led to increased inventory holding and dual-sourcing strategies that are reshaping procurement patterns across the industry.

Market Segmentation by Type

95% Purity

98% Purity

Others

Download FREE Sample Report: https://www.24chemicalresearch.com/admin24cr/download-sample/290603/global-nbocpyrrolidinol-forecast-market-2025-2031-719

Market Segmentation by Application

Pharmaceutical Intermediates

Organic Synthesis

Others

Market Segmentation and Key Players

SiChuan Tongsheng Biopharmaceutical

Sichuan Hengkang Technology Development

Changzhou Anxuan Chemical

BTC Pharmaceuticals Technology

Zhengzhou Alfa Chemical

Chemspon Bio-Tech

Shanghai Longsheng Chemical

Report Scope

This comprehensive analysis covers the global (R)-(-)-N-Boc-3-Pyrrolidinol market from 2024 to 2031, providing detailed insights into:

Market size estimations and growth projections

Detailed segmentation by purity level and application

Regional demand patterns and growth hotspots

The report also includes in-depth profiles of major market participants, examining:

Production capacities and expansion plans

Quality control systems and regulatory compliance

Pricing strategies and customer relationships

Research and development initiatives

Our research methodology combined extensive primary interviews with industry experts and comprehensive analysis of secondary sources, including:

Trade data and customs records

Company financial disclosures

Patent filings and scientific literature

Regulatory documents and industry databases

Get Full Report Here: https://www.24chemicalresearch.com/admin24cr/reports/290603/global-nbocpyrrolidinol-forecast-market-2025-2031-719

About 24chemicalresearch

Founded in 2015, 24chemicalresearch has rapidly established itself as a leader in chemical market intelligence, serving clients including over 30 Fortune 500 companies. We provide data-driven insights through rigorous research methodologies, addressing key industry factors such as government policy, emerging technologies, and competitive landscapes.

Plant-level capacity tracking

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Techno-economic feasibility studies

With a dedicated team of researchers possessing over a decade of experience, we focus on delivering actionable, timely, and high-quality reports to help clients achieve their strategic goals. Our mission is to be the most trusted resource for market insights in the chemical and materials industries.

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[fcadcom]

Overcoming the “Choke Points” in Semaglutide Side Chain Synthesis with Core Technologies to Enable Efficient GLP-1 Drug Manufacturing Semaglutide, a groundbreaking product in the GLP-1 drug class, owes its extended half-life and enhanced receptor affinity largely to its unique side chain, Ste-Glu-AEEA-AEEA-OSU (CAS: 1169630-40-3). This side chain covalently modifies the peptide backbone, significantly improving pharmacokinetics and therapeutic performance. However, its complex structure presents two critical synthetic challenges: - Precise Assembly of Repetitive AEEA Units:The side chain features consecutive AEEA (aminoethoxyethoxyacetic acid) units, which require stepwise coupling via highly activated intermediates (e.g., AEEA-AEEA). Any impurities or deviations compromise downstream reaction efficiency and may trigger irreversible byproducts. - Stereochemistry and Stability of Glutamic Acid (Glu):The glutamic acid component must maintain strict L-configuration, and its carboxyl groups require directional protection (e.g., OtBu) to preserve biological activity. Leveraging deep expertise in peptide chemistry and industrial-scale manufacturing, Watson has successfully broken through the synthetic bottlenecks of these two key intermediates—AEEA series and glutamic acid derivatives—emerging as an “invisible champion” in global semaglutide API production. I. AEEA Series Intermediates: From Molecular Design to Industrial Scale-Up As the hydrophilic spacer in the side chain, the quality of AEEA units directly impacts drug solubility and metabolic behavior. Watson’s innovations have set new industry standards through: 1. Dual Activation Strategies for Flexible Supply To address the diverse process requirements in semaglutide side chain synthesis, Watson offers two intermediate options: - Fmoc-AEEA (CAS: 166108-71-0):Featuring Fmoc-protected amino and pre-activated carboxyl groups, this option allows direct use in solid-phase synthesis, eliminating 2-3 activation steps and shortening production cycles by over 30%. - AEEA-AEEA (CAS: 1143516-05-5):Retains a non-activated hydroxyl end for custom activation approaches. Both approaches leverage precision molecular engineering to ensure superior product consistency and performance. 2. Ultra-High Purity and Batch Consistency Given the hygroscopic and oxidation-sensitive nature of AEEA intermediates, Watson employs “inert gas protection + low-temperature crystallization” purification processes to achieve purity >99.0% and limit single impurities to 99.0% Chemical Purity: The Foundation of Compliance and Cost Reduction Semaglutide side chain synthesis demands >99.0% chemical purity, as residual trace impurities (e.g., oxidative byproducts) from lower-grade materials can amplify exponentially in downstream steps, jeopardizing entire batches. Watson employs gradient crystallization and supercritical chromatographic purification combined with a 200+ impurity database and end-to-end monitoring, ensuring purity exceeds 99.0%—enhancing coupling yields by 8%-12% and reducing purification costs. 2. 99.5% Optical Purity: Uncompromising Chiral Control Watson’s Fmoc-Glu-OtBu (CAS: 84793-07-7) and Glu-OtBu (CAS: 45120-30-7) products achieve >99.5% optical purity through asymmetric synthesis and dynamic kinetic resolution. In-line process analytical technology (PAT) ensures batch-to-batch consistency in stereochemistry, completely eliminating risks of drug inactivation from isomer contamination. 3. Tight Control of Single Impurities: Watson’s “Dual-Standard” Approach While many suppliers focus solely on overall purity, neglecting the toxicological risks of specific impurities, Watson sets a new industry benchmark by limiting maximum single impurity to Read the full article

[hiroin-2]

"Neocentaur: A Model for Cognitive Evolution Across the Levels of War"

The article argues that the U.S. Army must adopt a human-hybrid intelligence model (the "neocentaur") to integrate AI into military decision-making while preserving human judgment and adaptability. Key ideas include:

Core Challenges with Generative AI

Cognitive Atrophy: Overreliance on generative AI risks weakening critical thinking and decision-making skills among military personnel, as automation bias leads humans to defer to machine outputs, especially under combat stress.

Limitations in Novelty: Generative AI, trained on existing data, struggles with abductive reasoning (decision-making in unprecedented scenarios), which is critical for command in chaotic environments.

Minotaur Drift: Unchecked AI integration risks shifting from human oversight ("centaur" model) to machine dominance ("minotaur" model), as seen in Israel’s Lavender AI system, which inadvertently reduced human accountability in targeting.

The Neocentaur Solution

The neocentaur model advocates hybrid AI systems (combining deterministic/symbolic and generative AI) tailored to each level of war:

Strategic Level:

Human-hybrid teams leverage AI for data analysis but retain abductive reasoning and moral judgment to align military actions with political objectives.

Hybrid AI enhances foresight and novel problem-solving in high-stakes, unpredictable scenarios.

Operational Level:

Greatest risk of automation bias due to the need for rapid contingency planning.

Deterministic/hybrid AI tools (e.g., for logistics, terrain analysis) can optimize efficiency, but require deliberate oversight to avoid suppressing creativity.

Caution against generative AI in roles like target selection, where efficiency might override ethical considerations.

Tactical Level:

Physical autonomy (e.g., drones) faces technical barriers (e.g., terrain navigation), but AI can support cognitive tasks (e.g., real-time data synthesis for small-unit leaders).

Small-unit leaders become "strategic sensors," requiring AI-enabled networks to rapidly adapt and synchronize actions.

Recommendations

Avoid Minotaur Drift: Leaders must recognize automation bias and enforce human oversight, particularly in lethal decision-making.

Tailored AI Implementation: Use deterministic/hybrid systems for mission-critical tasks (e.g., logistics, targeting) and restrict generative AI to non-creative roles.

Invest in Human Capital: Prioritize recruiting, training, and professional education to maintain the "asymmetric advantage" of skilled soldiers.

Experimentation: Develop and test hybrid AI systems (e.g., "Jarvis"-like models) in wargaming and exercises to refine human-machine collaboration.

Conclusion

AI is a tool, not a replacement for human command. The neocentaur model emphasizes human-centric warfare, leveraging AI to augment—not replace—judgment, creativity, and moral responsibility. Success hinges on disciplined integration, algorithmic literacy among leaders, and sustained investment in soldiers’ cognitive and ethical capabilities.

[aaronprincipalstudy]

Composition Devices

This week was a whirlwind of ideas as we explored a wide range of compositional devices. It reminded me how many tools we actually have at our disposal as composers—not just for writing music, but for shaping expression, structure, and colour. Some of these techniques were familiar, others were completely new, but all of them expanded my view of what’s possible in music.

We started with the common practice tonal centers—major and minor keys. While these form the foundation of so much Western music, I’ve come to see them as just one option among many. The more we explored, the more I realized how flexible harmony can be.

Chord extensions like 9ths, 11ths, and 13ths were a natural next step, adding richness and colour to standard chords. Alongside that, added note chords (like adding a 2nd or 6th) provided a more contemporary sound that I really enjoy. These subtle shifts can change the entire mood of a progression.

We also touched on chromaticism and tonal ambiguity, which I’ve always found fascinating. The idea of floating between tonal centers—or not settling into one at all—creates a kind of suspense and openness that I’d like to explore more in my writing.

Then came meter, especially mixed and asymmetric meter. These rhythmic shifts can be tricky to write and perform, but they offer so much in terms of movement and unpredictability. They make the listener pay closer attention, which I think is a powerful tool.

We also explored modes, synthetic scales, and more adventurous tonal systems. Using pandiatonicism or polyharmony(like layering two keys or chords) really pushes the boundaries of traditional harmony. I was particularly intrigued by non-tertian harmony—writing with 4ths, 5ths, or 2nds instead of 3rds—and how it leads to fresh, spacious textures.

Parallelism, where chords move in the same shape, and unrelated triads (jumping from one chord to another without traditional voice leading) were also highlighted as ways to create contrast and colour. These techniques break the usual expectations and can give music a more cinematic or abstract feel.

We also explored serialism and 12-tone technique—systems that give structure to atonal music. Even though I don’t often write serially, I appreciate the discipline behind it, and it’s good to understand how to use these tools if the piece calls for it.

Some newer concepts for me were hexachord writing, mirror writing, and limited composition based on specific intervals. These offer focused ways to build material from a small set of ideas. I found them useful when thinking about how to keep consistency across a piece while still developing it.

We wrapped up with neotonality, harmonic direction, harmonic synthesis, and indeterminate procedures. These are big ideas, but they all center around the question: how do we organize sound in a meaningful way? Whether through clear cadences or more open-ended processes, these devices offer ways to guide the listener—or let them wander.

I left this week feeling like I had opened a big toolbox. It’s a bit overwhelming, but also exciting. Not every piece needs to use every technique, but now I have more ways to shape sound, structure, and emotion. The challenge is to choose the right tools for the right moment—and to keep discovering how they work in my own voice as a composer.

[circlinex]

Cold Fact: 11-Binaphthyl-22-bisdiphenylphosphine-3 (a chiral diphosphine) was pivotal in Nobel-winning asymmetric catalysis, enabling >99% enantiomeric excess in hydrogenations—yet its synthesis requires cryogenic temperatures to avoid racemization! 🔬❄️

[duxiaomin-blog]

ChuCui Palace and the Echo of the Oriental Fantasy

Between imitation and reinterpretation, Chinoiserie has constructed a visual alchemy that has unfolded over centuries. Since the 18th century, this fantasy-driven style — operating under the name of the East — has continually generated a system of images representing “the Other.” It is not a replication of culture, but an aesthetic regeneration: dismantling, translating, and reassembling distant cultural fragments into a new visual lexicon. From gilded lacquer screens to relief-carved wings, from cabinet-of-curiosity-style fauna to jewelry compositions rich in intentional blankness, the “Orient” is no longer a geographical place but a poetic structure and decorative motif repeatedly referenced in Western artistic language.

Black Lacquer Four-Drawer Cabinet by Williamson & Cole (c. 1910). Image courtesy of Bunny Williams Home

Take, for example, a black lacquer four-drawer cabinet made by British firm Williamson & Cole around 1910. This Edwardian-era piece exemplifies Chinoiserie: its restrained structure and simple silhouette contrast vividly with the intricate Eastern motifs on its surface. It embodies the Western reinvention of Chinese art and a visual fusion of cultures.

The cabinet depicts Chinese landscapes, figures, pavilions, birds, and fish, all painted in gold on a black lacquered background. This japanning technique — used in Chinoiserie furniture since the 18th century — is not a faithful replication of Chinese lacquerwork but a decorative surface of “Eastern imagery” that came to symbolize refinement and exoticism in the Western imagination.

The imagery includes robed Chinese figures standing by water pavilions, framed by willows, artificial mountains, boats, and lotus ponds. The scene is geographically illogical and narratively ambiguous, forming a “collaged Oriental dreamscape.” This design approach is at the heart of Chinoiserie — it does not aim to reproduce the essence of Eastern culture but to evoke a poetic and elegant fantasy in Western interiors.

Structurally, the cabinet follows Edwardian standards of function and proportion: a clean rectangular form, slender straight legs, softly curved drawer fronts, and a three-sided gallery top — all reflecting English furniture’s emphasis on order and balance. The Chinoiserie imagery is gracefully embedded within this frame, achieving a synthesis of function and aesthetic: the piece serves as both utilitarian furniture and a scroll-like painting of the “Orient.”

Although made in the early 20th century, this cabinet continues Britain’s longstanding fascination with the East, tracing back to the 18th century. Its stylistic continuity makes it more than decoration — it is a historical witness to Chinoiserie’s evolution in Europe, from Baroque exuberance to Edwardian elegance, retaining its cultural allure through change.

ChuCui Palace “Shemmering Crane” Brooch

Consider also the jewelry house ChuCui Palace, a representative of Chinoiserie in contemporary design. Its brooch “Shemmering Crane” exemplifies the fusion of Chinese brushwork and Western stone-setting techniques. Using the gongbi method of layered color application, it employs various shades of blue in inlaid stones, resembling washes of ink, achieving subtle depth and the visual effect of “sky and water merging into one.” The brooch emphasizes Chinoiserie’s Western-derived flowing curves and Baroque dynamism, using S-shaped ornamental ripples to express the crane’s elegant motion — an embodiment of vitality in nature.

The design abandons the Western jewelry tradition of rigid symmetry and instead adopts a poetic, Eastern structure — valuing rhythm, negative space, and atmosphere. Its asymmetrical and dynamic composition reflects nature in motion. The relationship between the crane in the foreground and the waves behind it is nuanced, where the intricate feathers contrast with the blank spaces of curling water, guiding the eye toward a natural focal point.

The piece narrates a moment in time — capturing either the instant before flight or just after a graceful pass. Unlike traditional Western jewelry, which often seeks symmetrical permanence, this work aligns more closely with the philosophical depth of Chinese painting, evoking an “unpainted realm.” It suggests infinite meaning through a fleeting image, transcending realism to pursue harmony between Chinese artistic tradition and Western craftsmanship.

19th-century Dutch Hand-Painted Leather Chinoiserie Four-Panel Screen. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s

Another example is a 19th-century hand-painted leather Chinoiserie folding screen from the Netherlands. It not only continues the West’s longstanding fascination with Eastern spectacles but also localizes the theme through material and subject.

Rather than focusing on traditional Chinese architecture, ladies, or gardens — the usual symbolic Oriental images — the screen presents an expansive display of fantastical birds, tropical flowers, and aquatic life. This showcase of “exotic creatures” becomes a kind of natural-history-style gaze upon the East: not a realistic depiction of China, but a woven tableau of real, imagined, and distant flora and fauna. This “naturalization of the East” is a hallmark of Dutch Chinoiserie — less about grand narratives, more about layered details and the curious pleasure of spectacle.

Leather is a rare material for such screens, but it continues the tradition of Dutch leather wall hangings (leather wallpaper) from the 17th and 18th centuries. It also responds to Chinoiserie’s love for “exotic materials” and a sense of luxurious otherness. The leather’s softness and absorbency lend a muted sheen and brushy texture to the imagery. Combined with later restoration, the screen maintains a living artistic quality despite its age.

This piece does not treat the “East” merely as a symbolic motif, but rather as a generative force of nature: tropical, mysterious, untamed, and richly decorative. This Enlightenment-era naturalism stands apart from the French court’s ritualized gaze upon Eastern emblems, yet both reveal how the West, under the name of Chinoiserie, continuously reimagined its relationship with the cultural Other.

The meaning of Chinoiserie lies not in restoring cultural authenticity, but in revealing how visual culture reshapes order through misreading. Every brushstroke, every glint of light repeats an act of looking — imagining the distant as poetry, the foreign as reflection. What remains is not just decoration, but a way of perceiving: of viewing, of distancing, of turning style into memory.

[prism-industries]

Cinchonidine API: Worldwide Supply, Applications & Production

In the ever-changing pharmaceutical industry of manufacturing, alkaloids remain an integral part in the cure of many diseases. One such crucial compound is Cinchonidine, which is a natural alkaloid and used mainly for the formulation of antimalarial and antiarrhythmic medications. As a trusted cinchonidine producer, Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. has emerged as a key global supplier and producer of pure cinchonidine API for use in pharmaceutical preparations.

This article gives a thorough overview of Cinchonidine API, its worldwide applications, supply chain, production process, and the distinctive role of Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. as a reliable cinchonidine supplier.

Knowing Cinchonidine and Its Pharmaceutical Value

Cinchonidine is among the alkaloids from the bark of the cinchona tree. Structurally similar to quinine, cinchonidine possesses considerable therapeutic use. Its most notable use is the treatment of malaria and cardiac arrhythmias, which renders it a vital constituent in most pharma ingredients utilized worldwide.

With the rising demand for specialized apis pharmaceutical, particularly those that originate from natural or semi-synthetic sources, Cinchonidine API remains a focus of interest in research, development, and manufacturing of complex therapeutics.

Main Applications of Cinchonidine API

The versatility of cinchonidine API is manifested in its various applications:

1. Antimalarial Drugs

Cinchonidine finds auxiliary application in the preparation of antimalarial drugs, particularly in areas where resistance to other forms of treatment has emerged.

2. Cardiovascular Treatments

It is also employed in antiarrhythmic medicines to treat irregular heartbeats, helping to make life-saving drugs work better.

3. Chiral Catalyst in Synthesis

In chemical synthesis, cinchonidine serves as a chiral catalyst for asymmetric reactions, and thus is a highly sought-after pharma ingredient among researchers.

4. Research and Development

Pharmaceutical R&D groups employ cinchonidine API for molecular testing and chiral resolution during the development of new medications.

The wide range of uses makes cinchonidine a precious commodity in the armory of global pharmaceutical developers.

Process of Cinchonidine API Manufacturing

As a naturally occurring compound, manufacturing cinchonidine API involves exhaustive extraction, purification, and processing to ensure pharmaceutical-grade quality.

1. Natural Source Extraction

Cinchonidine is isolated from cinchona bark through a strictly controlled process of extraction and isolation to obtain the desired alkaloid.

2. Purification and Standardization

The company utilizes advanced purification methods to adhere to international pharmacopoeial standards. At Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd., each batch of cinchonidine API is identified, purified, and potency-tested.

3. GMP-Compliant Manufacturing

Being a certified api pharmaceutical organization, Prism adheres to strict GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) for maintaining consistent quality and compliance with regulations.

4. Environmental Responsibility

With a commitment to sustainable production, Prism practices green manufacturing techniques to reduce waste and minimize environmental footprint in the production of bulk APIs.

Global Supply and Market Demand

As global awareness regarding malaria and cardiovascular diseases has grown, demand for cinchonidine API has been consistently on the rise.

1. Increasing Demand from Developing Nations

African, Southeast Asian, and Latin American countries are actively importing cinchonidine API for antimalarial drug manufacturing, offering huge opportunities for reliable cinchonidine suppliers.

2. R&D Needs of Europe and North America

In developed countries, cinchonidine is mainly used in chemical synthesis, drug discovery, and pharmacological research, leading to steady demand from research institutes and laboratories.

3. Regulatory Acceptance

Because of its international usage, Cinchonidine API is referenced in a number of pharmacopeias such as the USP, EP, and IP, facilitating the ease of manufacturers to ship to regulated markets.

Why Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. is a Reliable Cinchonidine Manufacturer

Being a prominent API pharma company in India, Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. excels in the business of cinchonidine manufacturing due to a number of factors:

✅ High-Purity Standards

Each batch of cinchonidine API is produced through high-tech manufacturing to achieve high-quality standards, thereby ensuring the best therapeutic performance. 

✅ Global Distribution Network

As a seasoned cinchonidine supplier, Prism has established robust logistics and supply chain capabilities, facilitating timely supply all over the world.

✅ Research-Driven Approach

The firm commits to ongoing R&D to increase the efficacy of production of cinchonidine and create new pharma-grade APIs.

✅ Regulatory Compliance

Prism has complete regulatory records, such as DMFs, COAs, and stability data, to facilitate easy regulatory approvals in global markets.

✅ Sustainability Focus

With green practices, Prism is not just a top cinchonidine producer but also an environmentally responsible partner to the world.

Market Trends in Cinchonidine API and Alkaloid-Based Drugs

The international cinchonidine API market is a segment of the broader alkaloid-based pharmaceutical market, which is growing steadily because:

Increasing resistance to typical antimalarial medications

Growing awareness about cardiovascular health

Growing demand for chiral intermediates in synthesis

Growing importance of naturally derived pharma ingredients

The market for cinchonidine API is expected to rise with the increasing demand of pharmaceutical companies that require high performance ingredients, backed up by consistent quality and reliability.

Prism's API Portfolio Beyond Cinchonidine

Apart from its product, cinchonidine API, Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. also produces a broad range of apis pharmaceutical product portfolio, which includes:

Nicotine and nicotine derivatives

Antimalarial APIs such as artemether and quinine

Cardiovascular APIs

CNS-active pharmaceutical compounds

Custom and contract-manufactured APIs

Being a one-stop-shop API pharma company, Prism services global generic and branded pharmaceutical firms with bulk drug-quality APIs. 

Custom API Solutions and Contract Manufacturing

Prism offers customized API development apart from the routine business for worldwide customers:

Made-to-order cinchonidine API specifications

Research-grade chiral intermediates and catalysts

Full IP protection with contract manufacturing

End-to-end project support from R&D to commercial scale-up

Such adaptability enables Prism to cater to both new biotech startups and veteran pharmaceutical multinationals.

Certifications and Quality Assurance

Quality is Prism's priority. The company maintains certifications and accreditations with major national and international regulators:

GMP-certified facilities

ISO 9001:2015

Regulatory-compliant documentation

Traceability and batch integrity

These qualifications establish Prism as a world-class cinchonidine supplier and active pharma ingredient exporter.

Partner with Prism: Your Trusted API Pharmaceutical Company

Whether you’re a pharmaceutical manufacturer, research organization, or bulk API distributor, choosing the right partner is critical. Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. is more than a cinchonidine manufacturer—it’s a committed ally in your journey toward better healthcare solutions.

Why Partner with Prism?

Proven track record in global supply

Strong focus on innovation and sustainability

Customized solutions for complex API needs

Reliable documentation and regulatory support

Transparent pricing and moral practices

At every step in the pharmaceutical supply chain, Prism adds value, from discovery through delivery.

Conclusion: The Future of Cinchonidine API and Alkaloid-Based Medicines

The prospects of cinchonidine API are bright with the increasing research by global top pharma companies on plant-derived and naturally occurring compounds. With its existing infrastructure, skill, and commitment to excellence, Prism Industries Pvt. Ltd. is well-positioned to take a leading position in providing high-purity cinchonidine and other pharma intermediates to the globe.

If you want a trusted supplier of cinchonidine or interested in co-operating with a well-known API pharmaceutical organization, Prism is the name that comes to mind.

[johnritik]

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[lookchem]

17480-69-2 Prolinol as a Chiral Auxiliary in Organophosphorus Chemistry

Several strategies for the development of the synthesis of P-chiral organophosphorus compounds with (L)-prolinol as a source of chirality have been examined. A reaction of L-prolinol with a set of different alkyl/arylphosphonous acid diamides led in most of the cases to the quantitative formation of the appropriate bicyclic oxazaphospholidines with complete diastereo and enantioselectivity. The latter were reacted with BH3 complex and the formed borane analogues were submitted to structural modifications leading to tertiary phosphine-boranes. Additionally, the effectiveness of oxazaphospholidines as ligands in transition metal asymmetric catalysis has been tested in hydrogenation of dehydroaminoacid esters and imine.