#August 1988

[digitalfountains]

Gail Elliot by Peter Lindbergh

- Marie Claire Italy, August 1988

[chicinsilk]

US Vogue August 1988

Masculine and feminine the banker stripe trouser suit in extra fine merino wool from Anglo Fabric. By Michael Kors. On the shoulder, the Patricia Dyne tangerine wool overcoat. Hairstyle Madeleine Cofano for Bruno Dessange, makeup, Glenn Marziali for Trish McEvoy.

Masculin féminin le tailleur pantalon à rayure banquier en laine mérinos extra fine d'Anglo Fabric. Par Michael Kors. Sur l'épaule, le pardessus en laine mandarine Patricia Dyne. Coiffure Madeleine Cofano pour Bruno Dessange, maquillage, Glenn Marziali pour Trish McEvoy.

Photo Patrick Demarchelier vogue archive

[yetanothercomicbook]

The Cadmus Project

Superman Annual #2

Silly.

"Heads up, ya mugs! Here comes da Whiz Wagon!"

Another daft Superman story mired in the past. How could they expect to attract new readers in the late 1980s with their constant referencing of decades-old nonsense. On the surface this is tale of clones. But it's really a way to bring back old characters and concepts (Project Cadmus, Guardian and the Newsboy Legion). Stuff that doesn't really fit in with what DC as a whole is seemingly trying to do at this point in time. The feels dated and embarrassing.

4/10

[muhammad-ubaidullah-khan]

MY FINANCIAL CAREER

by Stephen Leacock

[spirits-having-flown]

“Hi … !! Or should I say G’day! What a year it’s been. All I can say is I’m happy you enjoy this music and thank you for all your support — your … as well, that’s what makes it all worthwhile. Together we can make this crazy world a little better … Todays ideals are tomorrows realitys. Take care. Love Michael x.”

A note from Michael Hutchence, August 1988

[theamericanpin-up]

Olivia De Berardinis - "Sex Quotation" - August 1988 Playboy Magazine Illustration - Original art sold by Heritage Art Gallery April 2024

[federer7]

Cindy Crawford poses for British Vogue, August 1988

Photo: Terence Donovan

[k-i-l-l-e-r-b-e-e-6-9]

𝔐𝔱𝔳 ℌ𝔢𝔞𝔡𝔟𝔞𝔫𝔤𝔢𝔯'𝔰 𝔅𝔞𝔩𝔩 𝔚𝔦𝔱𝔥 ℜ𝔬𝔟 ℌ𝔞𝔩𝔣𝔬𝔯𝔡 - 𝔄𝔲𝔤𝔲𝔰𝔱 յՅ𝔱𝔥, յգՑՑ

[todaysdocument]

On August 10, 1988, the Civil Liberties Act of 1988 was passed into law, apologizing and making reparations for the incarceration of Japanese Americans during WWII. 

Record Group 11: General Records of the United States Government

Series: Enrolled Acts and Resolutions of Congress

File Unit: Laws of the United States; Public Law 100-383: An Act to Implement Recommendations of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians

Transcription:

Public Law 100-383

H.R. 442

One Hundredth Congress of the United States of America

At the Second Session

Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, the twenty-fifth day of January,

one thousand nine hundred and eighty eight.

An Act

To implement recommendations of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled.

Section 1. Purposes.

The purposes of this Act are to--

(1) acknowledge the fundamental injustice of the evacuation, relocation , and internment of United States citizens and permanent resident aliens of Japanese ancestry during World War II;

(2) apologize on behalf of the people of the United States for the evacuation, relocation, and internment of such citizens and permanent resident aliens;

(3) provide for a public education fund to finance efforts to inform the public about the internment of such individuals so as to prevent the recurrence of any similar event;

(4) make restitution to those individuals of Japanese ancestry who were interned;

(5) make restitution to Aleut residents of the Pribilof Islands and the Aleutian Islands west of Unimak Island, in settlement of United States obligations in equality and at law, for--

(A) injustices suffered and unreasonable hardships endured while those Aleut residents were under United States control during World War II;

(B) personal property taken or destroyed by United States forces during World War II;

(C) community property, including community church property, taken or destroyed by United States forces during World War II; and

(D) traditional village lands on Attu Island not rehabilitated after World War II for Aleut occupation or other productive use;

(6) discourage the occurrence of similar injustices and violations of civil liberties in the future; and

(7) make more credible and sincere any declaration of concern by the United States over violations of human rights committed by other nations.

SEC.2. Statement of the Congress

(a) With regard to individuals of Japanese Ancestry.-- The Congress recognizes that, as described by the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, a grave injustice was done to both citizens and permanent resident aliens of Japanese ancestry by the evacuation, relocation, and internment of civilians during World War II.  As the Commission documents, these actions were carried out without adequate security reasons and without any acts of espionage or sabotage documented by the Commission, and were motivated largely by racial prejudice, wartime hysteria, and a

[page 2]

H.R.442--2

failure of political leadership.  The excluded individuals of Japanese ancestry suffered enormous damages, both material and intangible, and there were incalculable losses in education and job training, all of which resulted in significant human suffering for which appropriate compensation has not been made.  For these fundamental violations of the basic civil liberties and constitutional rights of these individuals of Japanese ancestry, the Congress apologizes on behalf of the Nation.

(b) With respect to the Aleuts.--The Congress recognizes that, as described by the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, the Aleut civilian residents of the Pribilof Islands and the Aleutian Islands west of Unimak Island were relocated during World War II to temporary camps in isolated regions of southeast Alaska where they remained, under United States control and in the care of the United States, until long after any potential danger to their home villages had passed.  The United States failed to provide reasonable care for the Aleuts, and this resulted in widespread illness, disease, and death among the residents of the camps; and the United States further failed to protect Aleut personal and community property while such property was in its possession or under its control.  The United States has not compensated the Aleuts adequately for the conversion or destruction of personal property, and the conversion or destruction of community property caused by the United States military occupation of Aleut villages during World War II. There is no remedy for injustices suffered by the Aleuts during World War II except and Act of Congress providing appropriate compensation for those losses which are attributed to the conduct of United States forces and other officials and employees of the United States.

TITLE I--UNITED STATES CITIZENS OF JAPANESE ANCESTRY AND RESIDENT JAPANESE ALIENS

SEC 101.SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the "Civil Liberties Act of 1988".

SEC 102. REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO CRIMINAL CONVICTIONS

(a) Review of Convictions.-- The Attorney General is requested to review any case in which an individual living on the date of the enactment of this Act was, while a United States citizen or permanent resident alien of Japanese ancestry, convicted of a violation of--

(1) Executive Order Numbered 9066, dated February 19, 1942;

(2) the Act entitled "An Act to provide penalty for violation of restrictions or orders with respect to persons entering, remaining in, leaving, or committing any act in military areas or zones", approved March 21, 1942 (56 Stat. 173); or

(3) any other Executive order, Presidential proclamation, law of the United States, directive of the Armed Forces of the United States, or other action taken by or on behalf of the United States or its agents, representatives, officers, or employees, respecting the evacuation, relocation, or internment of individuals solely on the basis of Japanese ancestry;

[page 3]

H.R.442--14

estate of a parcel of land consisting of all land outside such village that is within 660 feet of any point on the boundary of such village.  The conveyance may be made under the authority contained in section 14(h)(1) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (Public Law 92-203;43 U.S.C. 1613(h)(1)), except that after the enactment of this Act, no site on Attu Island, Alaska, other than such traditional Aleut village site and such parcel of land, may be conveyed to the Corporation under such section 12(h)(1).

(f) Authorization of Appropriations.-- There are authorized to be appropriated $15,000,000 to the Secretary to carry out this section.

SEC.208. COMPLIANCE WITH BUDGET ACT.

No authority under this title to enter into contracts or to make payments shall be effective in any fiscal year except to such extent and in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriations Acts.  In any fiscal year, the Secretary, with respect to--

(1) the Fund established under section 203,

(2) the trust established under section 205(b), and

(3) the provisions of section 206 and 207,

shall limit the total benefits conferred to an amount not in excess of the appropriations for such fiscal year.  Any provision of this title which, directly or indirectly, authorizes the enactment of new budget authority shall be effective only for fiscal year 1989 and thereafter.

SEC.209.SEVERABILITY.

If any provision of this title, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder of this title and the application of such provision to other persons not similarly situated or to other circumstances shall not be affected by such invalidation.

TITLE III-TERRITORY OR PROPERTY CLAIMS AGAINST UNITED STATES

SEC.301. EXCLUSION OF CLAIMS

Notwithstanding any other provision of law or of this Act, nothing in this Act shall be construed as recognition of any claim of Mexico or any other country or any Indian tribe (except as expressly provided in this Act with respect to the Aleut tribe of Alaska) to any territory or other property of the United States, nor shall this act be construed as providing any basis for compensation in connection with any such claim.

[signature] Norman Mineta

Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Speaker pro tempore

[signature] Spark Matsunaga

["Vice President of the United States and" crossed out] Acting President of the Senate. Pro Tempore.

[stamped] APPROVED

AUG 10 1988

[signature] Ronald Reagan

[littletroubledgrrrl]

[digitalfountains]

Gail Elliott by Peter Lindbergh

- Marie Claire Italy, August 1988

[chicinsilk]

US Vogue August 1988

An unknown model wears a dress and wool jacket by Ronaldus Shamask. Hairstyle, Madeleine Cofano for Bruno Dessange, makeup, Glenn Marziali for Trish McEvoy.

Un modèle inconnu porte une robe et une veste en laine de Ronaldus Shamask. Coiffure, Madeleine Cofano pour Bruno Dessange, maquillage, Glenn Marziali pour Trish McEvoy.

Photo Patrick Demarchelier vogue archive

[yetanothercomicbook]

Just Deserts

Batman #422

Satisfying.

Conclusion of three-part serial killer storyline.

Most of the focus here is on the villain. And a nasty piece of work he is. Really good scripting makes him seem disturbingly real. A couple of interesting developments along the way mean there's plenty of story, too.

Jim Starlin (9 of 17).

8/10

[muhammad-ubaidullah-khan]

LOUIS PASTEUR

by Margaret Avery

[peterbuckmichaelstiperem4ever]

Sonics magazine, July / August 1988  

[k-i-l-l-e-r-b-e-e-6-9]

Danzig  - Mother