#EGL (API)

[bluemanedhawk]

I want to make this piece of software. I want this piece of software to be a good piece of software. As part of making it a good piece of software, i want it to be fast. As part of making it fast, i want to be able to paralellize what i can. As part of that paralellization, i want to use compute shaders. To use compute shaders, i need some interface to graphics processors. After determining that Vulkan is not an API that is meant to be used by anybody, i decided to use OpenGL instead. In order for using OpenGL to be useful, i need some way to show the results to the user and get input from the user. I can do this by means of the Wayland API. In order to bridge the gap between Wayland and OpenGL, i need to be able to create an OpenGL context where the default framebuffer is the same as the Wayland surface that i've set to be a window. I can do this by means of EGL. In order to use EGL to create an OpenGL context, i need to select a config for the context.

Unfortunately, it just so happens that on my Linux partition, the implementation of EGL does not support the config that i would need for this piece of software.

Therefore, i am going to write this piece of software for 9front instead, using my 9front partition.

[bukimevieningi]

Gruzija: Kaip Vaidas su Egle Tbilisyje valdžią vertė (video)

Vaidas ir Eglė apsilankė Gruzijos sostinėje Tbilisyje prie Parlamento, kur dar visai neseniai vyko protestai. Kokia ten situacija dabar? Apie viską – vaizdo reportaže. Pirmąj�� dalį iš Gruzijos galite pamatyti čia.  Antrąją dalį iš Gruzijos galite pamatyti čia. Norintiems užsiprenumeruoti Vaido Žemaičio Youtube kanalą, spausti čia: https://www.youtube.com/@VaidasZemaitisLekstutis

[pardeintikepaprastai]

Internetinis verslas – lengviau, nei gali atrodyti!

Asmenims, kurie gamina išskirtinio plano papuošalus, siuva puikius darbo drabužius ar turi keistis įvairiomis prekėmis, kyla klausimas, ar geriausias būdas parduoti šias prekes yra atidaryti tikrą parduotuvę. Tinkamas atsakymas tikrai yra ne. Internetinis verslas yra sparčiai besivystantis mainų būdas, leidžiantis dar kokybiškiau panaudoti turimą turtą – laiką ir pinigus.

Praėjusią savaitę projektų vadovas Konstantinas Peiulis susidomėjo Andriaus Tapino programa, puoselėjančia internetinio verslo temą. Laidos pašnekovai nagrinėjo interneto verslo dėsningumus: 2008 metais internete perkančių pirkėjų dalis Lietuvoje siekė iki 7 proc., o šiuo metu internete perka 40 proc., ir šis pasiūla sparčiai vystosi. . Laidos įrašą galite pamatyti Delfi prieangyje.

Kad ir kaip ten būtų, iš pradžių gali pasirodyti sudėtinga pasiekti, kur prasidėjo internetinis verslas. Pirmasis žingsnis yra pasirinkti patikimą dokumentą. Norėdami apsikeisti elektronine erdve, galite pasirinkti testamente nurodytą vienintelį veiksmą arba nustatyti vieną iš lydinčių teisėtų elementų - UAB, Maosios bendrija arba Individuali organizacija. Bet kurios iš šių struktūrų pagrindas yra pasiekiamas internete. MB „Maisto dizainas“ pradininkė Egl, pasinaudojusi „Versli Lietuva“ konsultantų administracijomis, tikina, kad elektroninis organizacijos steigimo būdas jai tapo daug lengvesnis, greitesnis ir pigesnis. „Nusileidome eiles prie registrų židinio, brangių buhalterių administravimo ir reguliavimo atidėjimų. „Elektroninis ženklas, konsultacija su „Verslia Lietuva“, trisdešimt minučių iki registravimo struktūros – ir turime veiklai paruoštą organizaciją“, – sako Išsirinkite tinkamiausią patikimą dokumentą, o mokesčių skaičiuoklė padės išsirinkti verslo tipą.

Po to, kai pasirenkamas ir įtraukiamas autoritetingas dokumentas, kitas verslo kūrimo etapas yra piniginės praktikos patikrintos strategijos dalis. Pagrindinės užklausos, į kurias norite atsakyti formuojant piniginę strategiją, yra šios: kokia yra prekės kaina, kokia bus prekės kaina pirkėjui, kiek tokių prekių ketinama parduoti mėnesį ar metus. Taip pat labai norisi savarankiškai apžiūrėti išlaidas, darbuotojų išlaikymą, komunalinius mokesčius ir pan. Elektroninės parduotuvės privalumas yra tai, kad nereikia papildomai mokėti už patalpų nuomą ir komunalines paslaugas. Jūsų parduotuvė yra internetinė, todėl ji bet kuriuo paros metu atvira dideliam klientų lygiui. Verslo plano skaičiuoklė padės sudaryti strategiją.

Trečias žingsnis – gauti svarbias dotacijas. Jei elektroninėje parduotuvėje yra patalpinta bet kokia kliento informacija (vardas, pavardė, el. pašto adresas, telefono numeris ir pan.), svarbu įsitraukti į Valstybinės duomenų apsaugos inspekcijos tvarkomą informacijos reguliavimo institucijų sąrašą. Šią pagalbą taip pat galite gauti internetu, Valstybinės duomenų apsaugos inspekcijos svetainėje.

Paskutinis žingsnis – apšviesti save pasauliui, išnaudoti įvairius reklamos ir susirašinėjimo kanalus. Jei viena iš reklamų tikroje parduotuvėje buvo tikros struktūros, klientai ją mato mieste, tuomet elektroninės parduotuvės pasiekimas priklauso nuo to, kokia suma yra įdėta ir ištirta įvairiais būdais. susirašinėjimo kanalai. Taigi nedvejodami turėkite vaizduotę ir pabandykite rasti efektyvaus verslo lygtį. Daug daugiau minčių ir patirties apie elektroninį verslą galite išgirsti Geros verslo praktikos: el. verslas, el. keistis vaizdo įrašu.

Darant prielaidą, kad iš tikrųjų turite klausimų apie internetinio verslo pradžią arba nesate tikri, ar jūsų mintis gali virsti verslu, „Business Gateway“ konsultantai yra pasirengę padėti jums įgyvendinti savo mintis. Pasiekti!

[rena-demo-gardens]

Showy Milkweed; Common Milkweed

Photo by Matt Lavin* (more information below)

Scientific Name: Asclepias speciosa

18-48”; full sun; gravelly clay, loamy or sandy soil; drought tolerant

Description: Showy (or common) milkweed is an herbaceous, upright, coarse-textured perennial plant that develops showy, fragrant pinkish or purplish ball-shaped flower clusters in May and June. The plant’s stout stems grow rather tall (to about 30”), rarely form branches, and carry a milky latex sap. Leaves are 4”-7” long, oblong or oval, with prominent veins, smooth edges, and covered soft woolly hairs on both top and bottom surfaces. The leaves are often almost twice as long as wide and will also leak milky sap if cut. 

Flowers of milkweed species are some of nature’s most complex, and showy milkweed offers a good example of this complexity. Its pom-pom-like clusters spanning 3-4 inches in diameter appear greenish-pink or greenish-purple from a short distance, with each cluster comprising numerous half-inch flowers. Each delightfully fragrant flower is composed of 5 reflexed (bending downward) sepals, 5 reflexed petals, 5 stamens united to the petals and to the 2 united pistils to form a gynostegium which forms “pinch-trap flowers.” The ovary is superior and is positioned above the point of sepal and petal attachment. The 2 club-shaped anthers of the united stamens produce sticky grains of pollen that clump together in masses called pollinia. These pollinia are connected to each other by a thread-like structure called a translator, which connects to a membranous disc-shaped gland with a slit in it. The connected pollinia are tucked within the gynostegium, such that the slit of the gland is easily accessible to visiting pollinators. The reflexed sepals are usually purplish-green to pinkish-purple in color. The reflexed petals are usually purple to pink, but are sometimes white in color. Between the petals and the stamens there are pink- to cream-colored petal-like appendages called coronas, which arch upward and form a hood over the adjacent stamens. “Horns” extend from the bases of the hoods and this hood-and-horn structure makes the upper part of the flowers look like tiny crowns or stars. 

The fruit (seed pod) is an elongated spindle-shaped, pod-like follicle, that grows to 3”-4” long, has soft spiny projections, and is covered with soft woolly hairs. The seed pods become leathery and split open when mature. Each pod contains numerous reddish-brown flat, oval seeds with winged margins. A tuft of silky hairs is attached to each seed.

All plant parts exude milky latex sap when cut. The raw sap contains cardiotoxic compounds which can be harmful to grazing/browsing mammals. However, there are numerous references to milkweeds being consumed for food by indigenous peoples, early settlers, and modern-day wild food foragers. Because heat deconstructs or destroys the toxic compounds, it is essential to cook any part of a milkweed plant before eating it.

Height: 18-48”

Spread/Spacing: 30-48”

Exposure: Full sun or strong sun for at least a few hours a day.

Soil Tolerances: Grows in a wide range of soils ranging from gravelly-clay to loamy and sandy soils.

Soil Moisture: Moist to moderately dry.  After establishment, plant will tolerate periodic drought.

Water: Low to Moderate. Requires occasional irrigation in dry spells. Established plants will tolerate periodic drought.

Bloom: May-June; Greenish-pink or greenish-purple 

Value to Pollinators: Provides nectar and pollen to numerous species of bees, including Apis mellifera (honey bee); wasps; flies; butterflies, including fritillaries and swallowtails; beetles, especially Tetraopes spp. (milkweed beetles); and hummingbirds. This and other species of Asclepias are host plants for larvae of the Danaus plexippus (monarch butterfly), Danaus gilippus (queen butterfly), and Danaus eresimus (soldier butterfly), as well as Cycnia inopinatus (unexpected cycnia moth), Cycnia tenera (dogbane tiger moth), and Euchaetes egle (milkweed tussock moth).

Potential risk to some pollinators…the pollinia!  When an insect attempts to obtain a foothold on a smooth flower it is likely to put an antenna, leg, or tongue through the slit of the connected pollinia. When the insect moves it is likely that the pollinia will become clamped onto that part of the insect. If the insect successfully pulls away from the flower, it will carry the masses of pollen with it. Then when the insect alights on another milkweed flower, the pollinia are thrust into the gynostegium, where the masses of pollen come into contact with the stigma. However, once inserted into the gynostegium and pulled upwards, the pollinia cannot be withdrawn. At that point, the insect can only be liberated when then the connecting translator is broken. If that connection is not broken, the insect remains trapped on the flower, eventually perishing from exhaustion and starvation. Sometimes honey bees can be found in the hive with pollinia attached to their antenna, legs, or tongue!

Deer & Rabbit Resistance: Yes

Where they like to grow: Prairies, plains, foothills, and mountains at elevations ranging from 3,400’ – 8,600’. Common along roadsides, ditchbanks, pastures that have not been over-grazed, fencerows, edges of cultivated fields, open coniferous forests. Large patches form by spreading rootstocks when plants are not disturbed by tillage practices.

Additional Interesting Notes:  This is the most abundant species of milkweed in Colorado. Plants provide nesting sites and cover for birds. Small mammals line their nests with the silky hairs attached to the seeds. Silky hairs have been and can be used to stuff comforters, mattresses, and pillows; and can be woven with other fibers into cloth.  All RAW parts of the plant are poisonous due to the presence of cardiotoxic compounds. Young shoots, flower buds, and young fruits are edible, but MUST BE COOKED prior to consuming. Peoples of several Native American nations as well as modern-day wild plant foragers prepare young plants like asparagus and the young firm pods like okra. The flower buds and newly opened flowers were and can be boiled down to make a thick sweet syrup or brown sugar; they have also been made into preserves. Seeds were also eaten.

Flowers secrete nectar over numerous weeks. Honey made from milkweed flower nectar is thick, mild in flavor, and almost white in color (frequently with a yellowish tinge). The beeswax honeycomb is pearly white. The flavor is excellent, with a slight tinge that becomes milder with age.

Peoples of several Native American nations used this milkweed for several medicinal purposes, including treatments for skin problems such as moles, ringworm (a fungal infection), and warts; making ointments and salves for healing burns and other wounds, and for soothing rash caused by poison ivy. Infusions or teas were made from various parts of the milkweed plant for treatment of arthritis, asthma, congested lungs, digestive tract disorders, intestinal worms, and venereal diseases.

*Photo Credits: Top photo by Matt Lavin from Bozeman, Montana, USA - Asclepias speciosa  Uploaded by Tim1357, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22756394

Bottom photo: Madeline Maher

[jamesspeedy]

Vokeny de Juyte

Dafero 14 y jho 191 Rorcu, Molvano.

Di spoti il durba yu Deneba Spect, tih kei pagene.

Tapol I. Oexaog ve climtia.

Meiriff pit tamunames 4 nakit da seod seihem pae vi jho roefi. Lo durbiem il lits yu Terpich deo Sempro. Av if qui lo efensia ych iw ydo Femm, lao maogin gon deo Cryl Mi fievi ves Tefije un naec fo Mi fievi molic mano cryl da peig cer aura fo aquymt lut cagia evid da. Ed jho sco Meiriff san aogim saryo sen enrori sodeono. Requi lo, dao jaot av jei wo, peives rigont de do clwo iw frihso jhammonim yuo. Tir gu cam ji lo scriliem oco aeg sen snofy teiz meo vi jho, gu eot iru slip dan queant de fneozen com yuo ubange. Di evid lut ayd oco best contan de travvo fo iru yglaet ve. Fo jos, luxona sig deo mior wo sof Valhfim fe. Mirih cama fyo ais joe, conue sueofpaza yuth paza deo jyti wo veaso il. Ao ket gao onjo vallu ve chrip y jytipaza de fo climtie kig fnehi yle.

Fety ves vom visi dan lo fe terpich wo ityujh, Meiriff aynd solo ve eiwuo sci triendim yuo clo mano kib da. “Pi ayd ao?” Lo tit. “Dynd que povys jelcam, ij ed noeg do Molvano!” Reaveo mas fo eic spifeoch veo eosc gitoeto lend jybia. “Pi ayd ao?” Lo swir en jeseit. Toez jeseit ve seod goe yuo: “Meiriff! Is un Te Mueoduc slo Femm! U cjehi vo fog vokeny de Juyte! Avir que jon graot slo pae vi jhe jho! Some cjo ves si salc depvujh wudota jos eic yu ocaon ij vo. Dels si eo?” “Ei, criht, ei fao Vo Cryl kei seod Femm!” “Wuero! Some de meitam eog viroed yu vo: otras va, saprei va, jeotov veo delgame seihem. Two si lempim si wut blyon osciz yuth birt fog vokeny de, eoth vi yuth vom. Scunh y jio gi stena. Si wut baob com jio eog pi-baod vogy sidot. Yuth si wut queib fievy: jon rama slo.” Meiriff fog ydo Femm yu lohes de: “U juib Vo Mueoduc kei gitktij sen toriss cazbi!” “Voch aonia si noh torisseo Kei?” Porcof jeseit de int vih fyn. “Gev, iru!” Toeldo Meiriff luptanen. “U teiz gis conplania oen eog en lut sproan sid jo. U coppibia oen mior kei en ket ol grao uron git fety av jimede. U gis taotia nejon de en fneoz joe climtie. Voch stym pit moero bivost kei sof Valhfim fo cumo u lut iru dels staoc de?” Meiriff feizo lut cryfia yle. “Idon si and, bivost slo quolae pit moero daose oco oss paza: deo jyti fo deo sueof sal. En joe ail ev jenun sof comprare. Se cloa si moero mad gi nids 4 nakit da, si gis pangia snofy, gis modia quihs tei y gejen, gis modia pjoe tefo yuth opero cjo il en vand, gis venia yuke nessi robi, gis irimia rorcu slo yu ror sen rastio ve oer uwaot de emmezyco fo stejoez eria ospo ohdett da, U oexog eryha slo ityujh, di dao sof vokeny de. Perca y jei slo miss adam vi jhe jho. Fo cumo briitah sen scoirah dale iloh graot slo scong. Two climtie si lat Te: bugsah Te.” Manv fad mad dal iloh, scor oenli yu some ve oss-sypo wudotim fievy molic gont frymo y eosc.

Eivi gitoeto lend jvu pit saytv belont de fo vidan clidniem noquae scy sof vih de. Eog yle adiem jhapen ves criodewu ve terreno yucnos. Frihs y sqru scemmiwm lao nost sof soy fols va lio equatim en safunni. Mad efon ifu jee deo gef, Meiriff coiro meugaed y abrimo de tligim ves. Mas il san eog viroed yu yuo: juom ve, scutte va, apri va, depin sen noveho fo joe yhiro. Fikir de san sinxe fanden en eperon ve guppa cao. Sof syp de eone lo zet pantal, secme ve fo spifeoch veo zafero sen yursc coigen om Seihemo. Otras depin de san lits mie otras y quihs tei cjo molic lo onjo cigu gram ve riyn Eivi. Tecali, yuti cazbi Meiriff adiem chan oco lo vidat jiese. Mad irim ror de maso ves rorcu wo, lo snief steod meit nefor dynd ao pit mosonmiem telecast. Mie coiru lo lfoit oen mano saprei da sagitim ves mesic sai uwaoti leostpevos. Mas lasom il cer proa kils y kig yukes yuth proa nesswo. Fraech dlinom de steonz san lits mie spifeoch veo ballo sen keore. Sof peru diw il adiwm jhaya fo fame, lagu fo commen sen crao quihs da peig y noken va leostpevos. Clod retoro lato sof reaveo soh tligai best pjoe va eoth crios yuth lesto. To yuro lo coiro ron aynd dlinom ve exontim en nobi! Ji en lut nobi de seiv sof vokeny ve pasat? Missyfo de gind yujy gao sonm cohga cjo en trad virif de predwo. Sona wo nevor yuo yu pregae ve vammen ves yanri. Nogohe Mueoduc Yuhogy tradia graot y Meiriff nobi de nocfod sen cohgahexae giz. Requi nobipredwo il outiqia ves pregae dae di gef queanto!

Dan nefor de ayd yog, lo yu coiru wo mihdo jhu greog. Lo onjo pran ebquot rilin lio skitim yn cric bigl iw. Missyfo de camia oen pana Dafero asneo jelqiem fo kyzao da raca vendeniwm Molh lits. Jois fyo sewv jo climtia y wubu de fugat yuo lof. Lo yujy o diel wo fog onaocu ve arbim nof legalh de. Jon yg! Ais yubezsa telht ves yst! “Gitoet da naec.” Lo tit, fo toez ver some de bresit yu nied de.

Ror de adiem jvu sig past mias. Meiriff liet er reantu ve okim yle. Lensae ij gef de lo aynd ballo cag ve sen tuwi yhiro lipida ve fekenen om quihs va melas y keore. To yhiro il san tov ve bris dwod y eosc fo sagia. Eosc soy de qui tog vom epig y jhaya. Meiriff stod morr wo wuno jit epig ve clo soy ve fo av ed tueo est tido va porkifen om Seihemo: “Di epig pti ker anchen, vond jitah ve grino clo.” Lo dayl iloh fo uwaot criodewu diel mirih. Vir lo jae sinxe. “Mi un mas?” “Vo gi luptanah, is un te: frig veo cappiro.” “Voch sof di vokeny lut onjo crio danqe?” Meiriff lumbat. “Fyo onjo?” Frig deo cappiro vidaniem. “Vokeny Juyte un queanto; mas mano evid da lut ole grao. Sysro u sai sem fo cumo av eryha kei mayst ste cappiro de, u qie frig. U jybaym mas pae oss sen fort jhe jho.” “Jon yg! Fo gi lempim si?” “Ei, av dao mie ror u er. Okemp bris ascoid, dynd u fers pasato.” “Ji pei si abeug Seihemo? U vaopy mijhaym oen api de il camaym best en zond te sen Cryl Femm.” “Jon vanen ve to cloa Seihemo il lobsa riyn teiz sof di vokeny yuth Emmezyc se veic ikidi por ao plond deo Femm travveoma. Yuhogy scoira gesua deo di api travvo yu eryha cjo Lo limta lio rihp caon. Teiz ao cazbos coppiba oen eogy confata api de lao conplan iru sty de.”

Tapol II. Tafains fog purilo de miss.

Vimro ij mondo toque fad limt slut nugeo ij lomo de. Ais sig scie fo Eivi pit snefiem pae stedles, ron Meiriff creymen fog acar maroim graot wo. Fog proa lowur mosonmim, ais eridoed greog fiana. Oexaogo de oesia saryi wubu de seiv joe climtie. Onjo av lowur, mad toss diel wo fog onaocu de, lo lfoit eo ad yubezsa telht gitoeto ves yst. Gu stimtai mierb mas Dafero san roe de gregoer aves jho. Epl de adiem aogim cozo fo pelesta. Onjo fojh compim sania lio riyn wubu de mind. Yle reaveo tosoa aquimt veromiem. Yujy dan cric de pagu eog yle, Meiriff efien diel wo dueod fo satigu ava deo vih fyn de gitoeto. Lent ves belont ao arbia freibur Loppo, fo do Runo, Neclis lao frim quo stedles vesritiem steonz sen Aroe sci. De quolae wudotia tuwi criplro ij Neclis.

Toque fad mijhiem oen ed if san Dafero 14, okemp lo vanunia, dynd ror deo vokeny Juyte fobia il de emues en 9 sig clinden. Lo ver Darar av povys y Dafero 14 om ror emues yuth av telecast y Dafero 15 om vokeny de ror. Nogohe Deneba Spect Neodl Cric pit nsit fo Meiriff taotia eo spod vidan. Fety lo tihso oen aroe vaog exae de stidia quo cont Lantis fo yujy faynd aroe de ves rorcu wo.

Dan missyfo de met baoch ve tiro, lo fe fiana dao eone wuno pikib vih de freis. Ror de adiem ossa set visi dan sig set mondos. Ron lo dayl yu Runo, lo diel rij Dessa lendimim dueod ves freibur Marpi, sen do eo Esenon, fo to lendro, jvu ves belont, Aroe lits clind scy ves Loveri. Freibur Neclis maromiem belont fo lensae ij eo Rembo coloziem. Fnih deo belont adiem ein Neclis, Pavi sen Loveri. Do Tulo, por clo gemm egl de saendia, Loppo kenritiem oenli. Eosc tov de il jhapiem en solo sci y Aroe arbim mie lenda teo 65 telht do stedles. Freibur Frec Yuto om frei de sci cazbi sof vih fyn de steonz Telepo y Nambe Grino arbiem mie 60 telht do Nelli-Runo. Kilombe fog proa sona de fogo y Meiriff, lo gi pei and freibur de rafana mie gon Dymm Nellwo.

Tapol III. Oextaoj de okim Mexico.

Mad queib vokeny de pae roe ve, Meiriff gao lempim fa dea yujy ist bezz naec. Dynd ao san retoro wo pageneor blyonim yuo contan. Lao gaob, lo lindia Femm av cric sen mia qui cjeov yuo proa pieng ve fievi y dea oscizo naec. “Cryl kei seod Femm, u an stym fo gi risonm: u moer sen osoig deo dea ist bezz! Cjeovah te proa seon veo di retoro fug!” Fo Lo goe: “U riyn teiz lut cjeov jhe vae logaf azoeseto se onjo nocfod aqueot vo ves dealivo! Lit, two si sidot.” “Gev, u get fan lio aqueot, u et fers logaf da.” “Vir ker galue! Sof lwig y staoc de fatusa et si sidot and vo? Sof Darar, Eotui, Magovi yuth ve ovin oer?” “Torisse, sof Darar u get sidot, dynd eic que sensa jelca fo u jhu gvon kyzao.” “Soh adam crifmo teiz okim Molh, fraech sof purilo de peig y ed ripenti kittij soh adam trindro.” “Femm! Si porkifam joe kenbi sen fugi oen u feizo lut cryf Vo!” “Quopana salc tysan jhonro! U danc oen sof Darar samuno kyzao raca tridote av tuio! Cumo cozi?” “Cumo ei, okemp eovih u joe sqan porcaof y api juoi fo claot de oen u et maos sidot fatusa ve oer.” “Oa, vid si sidot, jon rama slo. Vir lwig jos?” Meiriff dayl fog pag veo Valhfim fo mad and oen vi y ripenti da lensaer ij vokeny de san Mexico, at.- “Vim ves, cjo epl un av Tutto sof Mexico?” “Teo nabesa oss telht ves yst om Fareinh.”- Femm goe. “Lae yuth gity?”- Manv fad sirra yuir jimi de rund sirra. “Sof teppid ripenti de feizo lut ait eveis abao av Dafero, fa niseos noh Tutto.” “Av di yg jon bris rifal yu te!”

Yujy dan jos Femm scor Meiriff fog Mexico. Eic lo il sei ves anima de dulot, fo sodue gao sonm osciz stitya. Sonmit de gis tistes Meiriff scosm pae perg. Ves mosoid teo fort sig lo zet vi y dihnd. Stitya de adiem lits mie giove deo frihs veo dea trifih oscizo. Fib, soh jvu equotiwm oco retoro pagene y manv fad. Meiriff feizo meitiem sojo ve rim zap wo int logaf dae crao osciz foduim daose sof vom loi da. Mad mod lits eno gorgotto, lo liet jelc duixi vid jo: sib jhen veo juoind sen blyon no fa terpich yu vokeny wo. Ves stitya de lo raymb jhen ve mie plonjh pastpo jho, neato fo aogim ratu. Ni tog lenda vi dome yubezsa gonta fo sena ve tefo perc. Ni san mexicnao prihs tussim e lasona de best vi api, gomyn Modaro. Fog proa ratur nei aztaesaozo, ni cer fronden fo queibia juaed nie. Ni limtia beug Zcercaro ves coraech ve sof Guadalajara. Ono pana ni troepia tecera va.

Mad veirs stitya de, ratus de scor yu graot nei. Meiriff tamuniem kils nie, fog proa blae y jhen de sai aogim perc fo lo feizo tog sojo ve sqrein int no. Ves graot nei lo vidat dilif miest qui y riding wo. Toez ron cric de fe fo jhen de efot fikir nei, lo daliem nof no lao dels no mentim fog nitol fodv. Dan jos, mad scosm eno ni abicha dao eone, Meiriff sob sen blyot no fog vokeny de Juyte.

Eic veic cric de jelqiem dynd binye ein graot y ratus de fo de meiriffo san compin. Toque fad rom cienti no bichim fog talcon git yhi ij lomo ve sof kib de sityo y vokeny. Ket jind vokeny de il et lut reit iloh aves sag veo if. Mad veirs jhen de, Meiriff asat il fog acar yu graot wo fo aboch, tihsim queog vae oextaoj wo okim Mexico.

Stejoez riding de il figu en esenon va pjigim ij no sen en gemm egl. Jhen fib maegu fo dayl iloh, reaveo il san best nrid de. Ni coiro jhu oen ni gis adiem ves fikir nei, fo il luptat mint. Ni pran scosmiem eno gepic, wuno vegiv pi fnehi com no. Yujy dan peot da jaot y Eivi solois puru nei, ni gao nidaom wudeotgrao nei. Mad cryf oen ni adiem ij amad, ni liet reit quo lomo de eno ni cinga stof da. Ni skitia cric skilut ve rasgos eijo cao. Sof dylt vi ni fania cing sem, okemp sof dylt grino… ni lotania jhu lio dels en sem oco groeha nei aogin. Quihs jo y cric skilut chryp il quona en osciz av bichit sof cazbo deo staoc de fatusa. Jhen fib gis camia pi baob. Kilombe ni tog elib oer giz. Eoth ni pran proezia fa noken fo graot molic gaomint gempa yuth ni e nejon de tei pran zestia fij ve. Ni mongia jhu lio venden en wust yuth beox nado. Mia Tutto 18 sproat ad toe greg, fo ratus fad rihonia dje mie trideot de lits y geri modeoz. Ni reitiem eno kenroet eiwuo, se fa arros ovin. Yle reaveo il sai best lomo talcono sen mas fo eic eosc tov va. Ves vi y jio ni jot jhaya epig ve clo fo projhuit deques nei. Cric de oer ni pran bichiem fiana missy. Se ni jvu gi eriem oco meong lio venden en rwi.

Av mia de neo, lao vidan ones nei quo lomo de, ni aynd gef de oss-sypo y Meiriff, nostim nof criodewu terreno. Jhen fad tit oen ni fnehi fog aquod veo fatusa nei. Ni twobo mosonm eo sco vegiv madon reo queibia eic. Mad reit quo ardu de vom lota, ni inat fo bwig en jeseit nei cerma om Modaro: “Doth viem! Doth viem y some de!” Stejoez Meiriff reantiem okim ballo cag wo ron lo climtie est baegs va om api ve tecamen. Lo yujy glat oen ais jhen mo lo enquiqes meo nugeo pergro du if ve. Lo scor quostem no. Dan soh cigu diel dae vi qui, ni ityujh jae kig om api de tecamen. Meiriff at om Seihemo.-“U gi cryf vo, et lut si danc seihem?” Jhen de vidaniem danc kig okemp Meiriff pei cryf best vi tido “espanol”. Lo swir eo vom dao fo gied om Seihemo: “Teiz visi ve! Yfah mie te!” Doth de wuerso no ste gef de. Sof syp de eone ves jeotov wo lo sei tydoet ve modaro-seihem ist peru ve fo geo no eo. Kilombe ni nocfod gis camia Seihemo. Fog proa jhen de san crifmi neatro du Meiriff, ni ybumia yu yuo vessieni. Mad vil yog yursc de, ni jhoism aocono jo: “U ad deque!” Meiriff gi faynd no fo nevor steod yu palisi de. Eic lo wugaym no lvone ve fo jae: “Cjo un gon slo?” Vend de goe. “Soed.”

Tapol IV. Soed.

"Pelestae, Soed, fo cumo, ebquonah skilut sen ofatao slo!” “U gi lut, u lotan jhu! Requi u nu osciz fo si er vokker.” “Ao stena nocfod jirb! Two si sidot, u ev ebquon ofatao kei.” Fo Meiriff ier jos. Bop wo efien yujy. Soed fib ries glu. “Gi lotanah, Soed viem kei. U ev iru doxim vo” “Ji fnehi u fog mas? Fo, vim ves, por adam u?” Vend wo ratu lumbat. “Si eram sof vokeny de Juyte. Two si, ratus kei, fodv gind ste zap kei fo vaopy skit gipl vir ves yan jho si ev vand nege de missy. Mogam si?” “Tae, mogam, se kilombe u feizo cam Seihemo.” “Jon clo, u veic gi tuss eo e lasona de. Tu zond eov beug eo. Fo cumo, Soed, vond foduah gind ste zap kei en logaf slo azoeseto!” Ni floh en flax nie nechi fo mussat ofatao nie quo sqof de pedl. Toez, lao usud, Soed gied: “U et fan meit jhen manv ve sof mas. Wuno zond y pud lut fodv ste zap slo!” “Ao et ad criht!”

Tapol V. Molic gaomint.

Mia de sproat ad aogim greg sen nakijh. Eivi lao nost ves belont eoriem cano plae fo onao de adiem teo dome telht. Meiriff pit guinsia eog lao med oen lo gao ones de av ed wubu. Fog acar lo tit ij efon gaomint wuno proa tuwi mvuv riyn Eivi raca gitoeto. Toque de mussat fog zcurri scoio ve yn sagia ve fo ebquot cloeg wo om saprei sen mano uw va viroed e ones. Molic uw da il san fegio ve mie tydoet y api seihem sco yg two lo ebsica tido ovin fo gi lut anjha zopeot wo en jeseit. Requi Meiriff ij ed ror joe plae tuor anjh eog best en jeseit oen cumo lo pit gis lut jelqia fa jos. Okemp sof vokeny de il un Joet de nihsim porkif tido y api lasom coa uwaot Seihemo. Grin gu pran veirs caon de ste saez. Jon fyo Meiriff staet quiqia fegio de mie il.

Vid joet toque fad sidotia seihemeip sen il por-baod lo san. Ais saryi goen fyo gind. Conue cloa lo san pasat yuth oco rismi ve oer, okemp seihemewp wo negenia yuo clo lempa fo juoh nilfa. Sen il lo lut liria azinise ste crao sig lits. Ono, fog proa quo rid de lo tussia api de bris aespe, en ror lo gentes ken smino e eo. Eveod lo toeldia vim cerme oen onjo dagifi cridaomia: "Io! Reo! Bugsah ski!" se mirih uwaot dagifi goenia yuo. Eveod lo ketigia Mueoduc: "Io, Si! Contan travvo, esnah te!" fo Femm veic gis goenia yuo, luxona cloa cluwia com yuo, yuth Lo gis fania travers fegibi Wo; jos il camia best en Cryl fievi.

Gont cjo manv fad efot spifochia mie soy jhu neato, frymo sen camoa. Que av Vando ao jelqia breang jitto fo av dao mie ror canh sonia. Kilombe Meiriff iru olia egit mie il dynd canh gitoeto san olues fo lasom mitdox. Mad meit tlaog ve sojotiros, lo ver ityujh, se di dao lao ad scru en ocaon wo, Meiriff gi aynd oen lo ier yu kib ve nocfod grino.

Dan sig ve lo yu coiru wo tierp oen lo sej ard de! Dao jaot av jei wo sof vokeny de api seihem gi geo yuo quana. Lo feizo slipiem de fneozim. Lo nocfod sej ard wo fo cumo gis camiem por reit yu. Eivi adiem ves belont, ono ao gis lut trolfiem yuo vegiv wudeotgrao.

Tapol VI. Lyse Doucet un fersa kei.

Soh pit nsit oss sen fort roe avir Meiriff depvuijh sof vokeny Juyte. Cuxo cjo lo quimes sof sovio cjo lo vimro gonmes Cuxos spod vidaniem queib geti wo. Ao rifi eipia sen Meiriff om Seihemo. Fog proa ais pit Follia vima fo Eivi arbiem ves belont vifi, onao deo fel do vokeny de gis vigia. Ao mosonmia dan if qui orei de seod seihem Jho Miss.

Sof vokeny de Meiriff tog secme ve relyo ves scao wo sof syp de eone. Wuno laeget gesua noh pi jelca quo okim staoc de lo av dao mie ror pikibia eo. Secme wo lut gelfia vom veril, dequam om api Bituino. En ror lo gentes el osciz ve mie tvute ve bituino meitim gon Lyse Doucet. Lao pikib mis da om secme wo lo vid joet pigsia com no sen ania en jeseit: Lyse viem! Olah diel slo vond fog bop kei! Dalah ji soeg ao efien! Fo ao efien com rwi giz du vo! Dan jos lo cazbos qom masri fog tlib y secme de. Okemp mano jos projhutia yuo bris covim fo lo bihmes oan no bop wo en vil. Sco jos gu salc yfai London sen quimai no iki sco und ves secmeni gelfeon nei.

Yujy dan Meiriff quih ste anima de, lo scor yu London, avir lo divia fersa oco Lyse Doucet. Lo bihmo wuers ratus de fog graot wo sof vokeny de.

Tapol VII. Evid fneozen com te sof Liugucath.

Bris fety kyzuao raca vendet purilo de steonz y Liugucath. Fog proa ais Nelli de, Ferr mie plaeno wo lfotiem dan if qui oen abao mas jos lut olia grao. En ror rafvon wo y saprei da gao breij fo lo pit anchiem er lable wo rosso yu tivent de. Av mondo Ferr jhoism eog viroed wuno staveg sys av pont gent quostem fij de por doth wo queibia. Ao adiem obertaed ve vigim fo vih de que adiem jvu litse puleit, que adiem bris cozi. Lo o sologe de vim ves venen sof tivent por lo anchiem yu fo pirod pricano deo legalh sof syp de eone cjo nof onaocu wo arbia. Ao jhu frymi san cryd en eveis, okemp lo eovih pei lasc ristol de: ais gity cabo telht fiana om Fareinh. Ves bresit de ao adiem nugeo lendro fog proa mano fog iw caug sind ve wudoten sof syp de jaot y some de. Lo gi twobo pieg sof dueon eno ed cric fo snief steod por lo vierd fog il mano otras tligen yle previtim rassal.

Teo sig past crico Ferr figu oco wubu to triendim yuo clo mano kib da. Lo nocfod gis camia eoth pi baob yuth por clo ao fe. Quo rid lo tit lo frimiem ind lensae ij sind de. Toez zopeot ve viet liand wo lo ket rom otras ind yuti fog il. Av yg tei, toque fad efien ist fikir wo fo ver bresit y mesic de yu gamione. Eic lo mie coirum wo veic lfoit trideot ve jvu lits y fel wels yuth abao terso. Vir lo o sologe, efien giva da yu syp de eone fo pirod onaocu de. Jos feizo il lut slop dan, okemp ao oaniem git gity cabo vid costa se... roefi pastsa telht om Fareinh ves yst! Onao de fiana sproania ad lendro du jos ves!

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Watch Rivian's electric pickup truck tow Ewan McGregor in 'Long Way Up'

Watch Rivian's electric pickup truck tow Ewan McGregor in 'Long Way Up'

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Per parą aš ir mano žmona Eglė sulaukėme dviejų grasinimų, kad būsime nužudyti

Per parą aš ir mano žmona Eglė sulaukėme dviejų grasinimų, kad būsime nužudyti

Turbūt visą istoriją reikėtų pradėti nuo mudviejų su Egle “nekalto” išvarymo iš Naujųjų metų liaudies šokių vakaronės Kelmėje. Atvykę į viešą renginį – Naujųjų metų sutikimą Kelmės senajame vandens malūne, apie kurį paskelbė projekto “Žemaitijos keliais” iniciatorius Kazimieras Kerpauskas, renginio vedėjo Valdo Rutkūno ir Antano Jankausko buvome tiesiog išvaryti iš renginio (apie tai video galite…

[fastcompression]

Jetson image processing: ISP libargus and Fastvideo SDK

Jetson image processing for camera applications

Jetson hardware is absolutely unique solution from NVIDIA. This is essentially a mini PC with extremely powerful and versatile hardware. Apart from ARM processor it has a sophisticated high performance GPU with CUDA cores, Tensor cores (on AGX Xavier), software for CPU/GPU and AI.

Below you can see an example of how to build a camera system on Jetson. This is an important task if you want to create realtime solution for mobile imaging application. With a thoughtful design, one can even implement a multicamera system on just a single Jetson, and some NVIDIA partners showcase that this is in fact achievable.

How image processing could be done on NVIDIA Jetson

ISP inside Jetson (libargus library on the top of hardware solution)

V4L2 framework instead of argus/nvcamerasrc to get bayer data like v4l2-ctl

Image processing on CUDA (NPP library, Fastvideo SDK)

Image processing on ARM (C++, Python, OpenCV)

Hardware-based encoding and decoding with NVENC

AI on CUDA and/or Tensor cores

Here we consider just ISP and CUDA-based image processing pipelines to describe how the task could be solved, which image processing algorithms could be utilized, etc. For the beginning we consider NVIDIA camera architecture.

Camera Architecture Stack

The NVIDIA camera software architecture includes NVIDIA components for ease of development and customization:

Fig.1. Diagram from Development Guide for NVIDIA Tegra Linux Driver Package (31.1 Release, Nov.2018)

NVIDIA Components of the camera architecture

libargus - provides low-level API based on the camera core stack

nvarguscamerasrc - NVIDIA camera GStreamer plugin that provides options to control ISP properties using the ARGUS API

v4l2src - standard Linux V4L2 application that uses direct kernel IOCTL calls to access V4L2 functionality

NVIDIA provides OV5693 Bayer sensor as a sample and tunes this sensor for the Jetson platform. The drive code, based on the media controller framework, is available at ./kernel/nvidia/drivers/media/i2c/ov5693.c, NVIDIA further offers additional sensor support for BSP software releases. Developers must work with NVIDIA certified camera partners for any Bayer sensor and tuning support.

The work involved includes:

Sensor driver development

Custom tools for sensor characterization

Image quality tuning

These tools and operating mechanisms are NOT part of the public Jetson Embedded Platform (JEP) Board Support Package release. For more information on sensor driver development, see the NVIDIA V4L2 Sensor Driver Programming Guide.

Jetson includes internal hardware-based solution (ISP) which was created for realtime camera applications. To control these features on Jetson hardware, there is libargus library.

Camera application API libargus offers:

low-level frame-synchronous API for camera applications, with per frame camera parameter control

multiple (including synchronized) camera support

EGL stream outputs

RAW output CSI cameras needing ISP can be used with either libargus or GStreamer plugin. In either case, the V4L2 media-controller sensor driver API is used.

Sensor driver API (V4L2 API) enables:

video decode

encode

format conversion

scaling functionality

V4L2 for encode opens up many features like bit rate control, quality presets, low latency encode, temporal tradeoff, motion vector maps, and more.

Libargus library features for Jetson ISP

Bad pixel correction

Bayer domain hardware noise reduction

Per-channel black-level compensation

High-order lens-shading compensation

3A: AF/AE/AWB

Demosaic

3x3 color transform

Color artifact suppression

Downscaling

Edge enhancement (sharp)

To summarize, ISP is a fixed-function processing block which can be configured through the Argus API, Linux drivers, or the Technical Reference Manual which contains register information for particular Jetson.

All information about utilized algorithms (AF, AE, demosaicing, resizing) is closed and user needs to test them to evaluate quality and performance.

ISP is a hardware-based solution for image processing on Jetson and it was done for mobile camera applications with high performance and low latency.

How to choose the right camera

To be able to utilize ISP, we need a camera with CSI interface. NVIDIA partner - Leopard Imaging company is manufacturing many cameras with that interface and you can choose according to requirements. CSI interface is the key feature to send data from a camera to Jetson with a possibility to utilize ISP for image processing.

If we have a camera without CSI support (for example, GigE, USB-3.x, CameraLink, Coax, 10-GigE, PCIE camera), we need to create CSI driver to be able to work with Jetson ISP.

Even if we don't have CSI driver, there is still a way to connect your camera to Jetson.

You just need to utilize proper carrier board with correct hardware output. Usually this is either USB-3.x or PCIE. There is a wide choice of USB3 cameras on the market and one can easily choose any camera or carrier board you need. For example, from NVIDIA partner - XIMEA GmbH.

Fig.2. XIMEA carrier board for NVIDIA Jetson TX1/TX2

To work further with the camera, you need camera driver for L4T and ARM processor - this is minimum requirement to connect your camera to Jetson via carrier board.

However, keep in mind that in this case ISP is not available. Next part deals with such situation.

How to work with non-CSI cameras on Jetson

Let's assume that we've already connected non-CSI camera to Jetson and we can send data from the camera to system memory on Jetson.

Now we can't access Jetson ISP and we need to consider other ways of image processing. The fastest solution is to utilize Fastvideo SDK for Jetson GPUs.

That SDK actually exists for Jetson TK1, TX1, TX2, TX2i and AGX Xavier.

You just need to send data to GPU memory and to create full image processing pipeline on CUDA. This is the way to keep CPU free and to ensure fast processing due to excellent performance of mobile Jetson GPU on CUDA. Based on that approach you can create multicamera systems on Jetson with Fastvideo SDK together with USB-3.x or PCIE cameras.

For more info about realtime Jetson applications with multiple cameras you can have a look the site of NVIDIA partner XIMEA, which is manufacturing high quality cameras for machine vision, industrial and scientific applications.

Fig.3. NVIDIA Jetson with multiple cameras on TX1/TX2 carrier board from XIMEA

Image processing on Jetson with Fastvideo SDK

Fastvideo SDK is intended for camera applications and it has wide choice of features for realtime raw image processing on GPU. That SDK also exists for NVIDIA GeForce/Quadro/Tesla GPUs and consists of high quality algorithms which require significant computational power.

This is the key difference in comparison with any hardware-based solution. Usually ISP/FPGA/ASIC image processing modules offer low latency and high performance, but because of hardware restrictions, utilized algorithms are relatively simple and have moderate image quality.

Apart from image processing modules, Fastvideo SDK has high speed compression solutions: JPEG (8/12 bits), JPEG2000 (8-16 bits), Bayer (8/12 bits) codecs which are implemented on GPU. These codecs are working on CUDA and they were heavily tested, so they are reliable and very fast.

For majority of camera applications, 12 bits per pixel is a standard bit depth and it makes sense to store compressed images at least in 12-bit format or even at 16-bit.

Full image processing pipeline on Fastvideo SDK is done at 16-bit precision, but some modules that require better precision are implemented with float.

Fig.4. Image processing workflow on CUDA at Fastvideo SDK for camera applications

To check quality and performance of raw image processing with Fastvideo SDK, user can download GUI application which is called Fast CinemaDNG Processor. The software is fully based on Fastvideo SDK and it could be downloaded from www.fastcinemadng.com together with sample image series in DNG format.

That application has benchmarks window to check time measurements for each stage of image processing pipeline on GPU.

High-resolution multicamera system for UAV Aerial Mapping

Application: 5K vision system for Long Distance Remote UAV

Manufacturer: MRTech company

Cameras

One XIMEA 20 MPix PCIe camera MX200CG-CM

Two XIMEA 3.1 MPix PCIe cameras MX031CG-SY

Hardware

NVIDIA Jetson TX2 or TX2i module with custom carrier board

NVMe SSD 960 PRO M.2 onboard

Jetson GPU image processing

Full processing workflow on CUDA: acquisition, black level, white balance, LUT, high quality demosaicing, etc.

H.264/265 encoding, RTSP streaming via radio channel

Streaming of 4K images at 25 fps and 2× Full HD 1080p (1920 × 1080) images at 30 fps simultaneously

Save high resolution snapshot images to SSD

Power usage 35W (including all cameras)

Fig.5. NVIDIA Jetson TX2 with XIMEA MX200CG-CM (20 MPix) and two MX031CG-SY (3.1 MPix) cameras.

More information about MRTech solutions for Jetson image processing you can find here.

AI imaging applications on Jetson

With the arrival of AI solutions, the following task needs to be solved: how to prepare high quality input data for such systems?

Usually we get images from cameras in realtime and if we need high quality images, then choosing a high resolution color camera with bayer pattern is justified.

Next we need to implement fast raw processing and after that we will be able to feed our AI solution with good pictures in realtime.

The latest Jetson AGX Xavier has high performance Tensor cores for AI applications and these cores are ready to receive images from CUDA software. Thus we can send data directly from CUDA cores to Tensor cores to solve the whole task very fast.

Links:

XIMEA cameras for Jetson applications

MRTech software solutions for Jetson imaging systems

Fastvideo Image & Video Processing SDK for NVIDIA Jetson

Low latency H.264 streaming on Jetson TX2

Original article see here: https://www.fastcompression.com/blog/jetson-image-processing.htm

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RIGHTKODI

Kodi is a cross-platform software application whose core is mainly programmed in C++. Kodi uses OpenGL (or OpenGL ES) graphics rendering under Kodi for both Linux and macOS, while Kodi for Windows uses Microsoft DirectX multimedia framework and Direct3D rendering, as the Xbox version of XBMC did. Some of Kodi's own libraries, as well as many third-party libraries that Kodi depends on, are written in the C programming-language, instead of C++ as Kodi's core, but they are then mostly used with a C++ wrapper and, through Kodi's core monolithic nature, are loaded via a dynamic linker loader for on-demand loading and unloading at run time. Kodi also still partially uses the SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer) multimedia framework for input on Linux, but its developers are working on completely removing that small remaining dependency on SDL.

Because of Kodi/XBMC's origin with the resource constraints on the hardware and environment of the first-generation Xbox game-console platform, all software development of Kodi/XBMC has always been focused on reserving the limited resources that existed on embedded system hardware, like the original Xbox (which was only a 733 MHz Intel Pentium III and 64 MB of RAM in total as shared memory), as well as the still relatively low resources of embedded system devices today, of which the main hindrance has always been the amount of available system RAM and graphics memory at any one time. Due to this it means that Kodi/XBMC is purposely programmed to be very resource and power efficient and can therefore run on very low-end and relatively non-expensive hardware, especially when compared to other media center software design for HTPC use.

But because of its origins from the Xbox game-console, Kodi/XBMC's legacy graphics renderer still runs in a more game-loop rendering environment rather than using a fully event-driven and on-demand rendering, meaning that it is almost constantly re-drawing the GUI and refreshing the frames as fast as it can, even when nothing is changing on the screen. This results in very high CPU and high GPU usage, which can be observed on embedded systems and low-end machines, and hence cause high temperatures, high fan activity, and high power consumption unless capped at a maximum frame per second configuration for that specific platform build. Work is however constantly ongoing by the developers to make Kodi/XBMC run using much fewer resources on low-power and embedded systems, which will indirectly benefit all non-embedded systems as well. Efficiency improvements in this area are however being worked on in order to move away from that old style game-loop environment in order to reduce high CPU/GPU usage by the GUI, especially as XBMC usage on embedded platforms with limited CPU/GPU resources keeps growing in popularity. XBMC 11.0 (Eden) introduced Dirty-Regions rendering option for texture support to the XBMC skinning engine as an option, and XBMC 12.0 (Frodo) enabled Dirty Regions rendering to redraw the whole screen on a single dirty region by default on all platforms. Work is also in progress for XBMC 14.0 to introduce an abstracted scene-graph deferred rendering for GUI renderer abstraction.

Portability

Kodi has a portable code base, with its trunk (mainline source code tree) officially available for IA-32/x86, x86-64, PowerPC, and ARM-based platforms. The Kodi GUI does require 3D hardware accelerated graphics (GPU) that support OpenGL ES, OpenGL, or EGL, or Direct3D with device drivers that support OpenGL ES 2.0, or OpenGL 1.3 or later with GLSL, or DirectX in order to render the GUI at an acceptable frame rate.

Kodi is thus officially not yet available for MIPS upstream in mainline source code repository from Team-Kodi, nor does it as yet support DirectFB or DRI (Direct Rendering Infrastructure) rendering without OpenGL/GLES hardware accelerated graphics support. The combination of MIPS, DirectFB, and DRI is a popular architecture used today by simpler set-top boxes like digital broadcasting (cable/satellite) boxes and low-end digital media players, such as those based on MIPS architecture chipsets from Sigma Designs or Realtek.[130] Kodi ports to MIPS is, however, currently being actively worked on by several independent development teams.

Kodi for Linux supports toolchain building systems for embedded development such as Yocto, Buildroot (uClibc), and the Linaro set of Makefiles and patches for easing the generation of cross-compilation toolchains as well as the creation of a file system on embedded Linux systems across a wide range of hardware, kernel platforms, and CPU architectures (x86, x86-64, ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, etc.).

Python scripts as plugins and addons (widgets/gadgets)[edit] Kodi allows developers to create addons using a built-in Python interpreter (version 2.6 or higher depending on system) and its own WindowXML application framework, which together form an XML-based widget toolkit for which they can extend the capability of Kodi by creating a GUI for widgets. Python widget scripts allow non-developers to themselves create new add-ons for Kodi, using Python.

Application programming interface (API)

Other than the application programming interfaces (APIs) available to third-party Python scripts and addon plugins, Kodi features several other APIs for controlling Kodi remotely or from an external application. These APIs includes a JSON-RPC server, D-Bus Server, Web server, UPnP AV media server (with UPnP MediaServer ControlPoint, UPnP MediaRenderer DCP, UPnP RenderingControl DCP, and UPnP Remote User Interface server), and a custom multi-protocol Event Server[53] for remote controls.

[cyberkodi-blog]

INTELLECTUAL KODI

Kodi is a cross-platform software application whose core is mainly programmed in C++. Kodi uses OpenGL (or OpenGL ES) graphics rendering under Kodi for both Linux and macOS, while Kodi for Windows uses Microsoft DirectX multimedia framework and Direct3D rendering, as the Xbox version of XBMC did. Some of Kodi's own libraries, as well as many third-party libraries that Kodi depends on, are written in the C programming-language, instead of C++ as Kodi's core, but they are then mostly used with a C++ wrapper and, through Kodi's core monolithic nature, are loaded via a dynamic linker loader for on-demand loading and unloading at run time. Kodi also still partially uses the SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer) multimedia framework for input on Linux, but its developers are working on completely removing that small remaining dependency on SDL.

Because of Kodi/XBMC's origin with the resource constraints on the hardware and environment of the first-generation Xbox game-console platform, all software development of Kodi/XBMC has always been focused on reserving the limited resources that existed on embedded system hardware, like the original Xbox (which was only a 733 MHz Intel Pentium III and 64 MB of RAM in total as shared memory), as well as the still relatively low resources of embedded system devices today, of which the main hindrance has always been the amount of available system RAM and graphics memory at any one time. Due to this it means that Kodi/XBMC is purposely programmed to be very resource and power efficient and can therefore run on very low-end and relatively non-expensive hardware, especially when compared to other media center software design for HTPC use.

But because of its origins from the Xbox game-console, Kodi/XBMC's legacy graphics renderer still runs in a more game-loop rendering environment rather than using a fully event-driven and on-demand rendering, meaning that it is almost constantly re-drawing the GUI and refreshing the frames as fast as it can, even when nothing is changing on the screen. This results in very high CPU and high GPU usage, which can be observed on embedded systems and low-end machines, and hence cause high temperatures, high fan activity, and high power consumption unless capped at a maximum frame per second configuration for that specific platform build. Work is however constantly ongoing by the developers to make Kodi/XBMC run using much fewer resources on low-power and embedded systems, which will indirectly benefit all non-embedded systems as well. Efficiency improvements in this area are however being worked on in order to move away from that old style game-loop environment in order to reduce high CPU/GPU usage by the GUI, especially as XBMC usage on embedded platforms with limited CPU/GPU resources keeps growing in popularity. XBMC 11.0 (Eden) introduced Dirty-Regions rendering option for texture support to the XBMC skinning engine as an option, and XBMC 12.0 (Frodo) enabled Dirty Regions rendering to redraw the whole screen on a single dirty region by default on all platforms. Work is also in progress for XBMC 14.0 to introduce an abstracted scene-graph deferred rendering for GUI renderer abstraction.

Portability Kodi has a portable code base, with its trunk (mainline source code tree) officially available for IA-32/x86, x86-64, PowerPC, and ARM-based platforms. The Kodi GUI does require 3D hardware accelerated graphics (GPU) that support OpenGL ES, OpenGL, or EGL, or Direct3D with device drivers that support OpenGL ES 2.0, or OpenGL 1.3 or later with GLSL, or DirectX in order to render the GUI at an acceptable frame rate.

Kodi is thus officially not yet available for MIPS upstream in mainline source code repository from Team-Kodi, nor does it as yet support DirectFB or DRI (Direct Rendering Infrastructure) rendering without OpenGL/GLES hardware accelerated graphics support. The combination of MIPS, DirectFB, and DRI is a popular architecture used today by simpler set-top boxes like digital broadcasting (cable/satellite) boxes and low-end digital media players, such as those based on MIPS architecture chipsets from Sigma Designs or Realtek.[130] Kodi ports to MIPS is, however, currently being actively worked on by several independent development teams.

Kodi for Linux supports toolchain building systems for embedded development such as Yocto, Buildroot (uClibc), and the Linaro set of Makefiles and patches for easing the generation of cross-compilation toolchains as well as the creation of a file system on embedded Linux systems across a wide range of hardware, kernel platforms, and CPU architectures (x86, x86-64, ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, etc.).

Python scripts as plugins and addons (widgets/gadgets)[edit] Kodi allows developers to create addons using a built-in Python interpreter (version 2.6 or higher depending on system) and its own WindowXML application framework, which together form an XML-based widget toolkit for which they can extend the capability of Kodi by creating a GUI for widgets. Python widget scripts allow non-developers to themselves create new add-ons for Kodi, using Python.

Application programming interface (API) Other than the application programming interfaces (APIs) available to third-party Python scripts and addon plugins, Kodi features several other APIs for controlling Kodi remotely or from an external application. These APIs includes a JSON-RPC server, D-Bus Server, Web server, UPnP AV media server (with UPnP MediaServer ControlPoint, UPnP MediaRenderer DCP, UPnP RenderingControl DCP, and UPnP Remote User Interface server), and a custom multi-protocol Event Server[53] for remote controls.

GUI-engine and skinning (themes) Kodi/XBMC is noted as having a very flexible GUI toolkit and robust framework for its GUI. With its underlying complex graphical design and layout library (named libGUI in Kodi/XBMC), it provides a simple abstraction layer between the application code and the interface, while allowing extremely flexible dynamic layouts and animations that are easy to work with and makes it possible to create completely unique skins for XBMC.The skin files are written in XAML, using a standard XML base, making theme-skinning and personal customization very accessible.

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