#Sir Edward Dyer

[peaceofheartt]

My Mind to Me a Kingdom Is, Sir Edward Dyer

[homomenhommes]

THIS DAY IN GAY HISTORY

based on: The White Crane Institute's 'Gay Wisdom', Gay Birthdays, Gay For Today, Famous GLBT, glbt-Gay Encylopedia, Today in Gay History, Wikipedia, and more … November 30

1554 – Sir Philip Sidney, English courtier, soldier, and writer (d.1586); the English courtier and poet was one of the leading lights of Queen Elizabeth's court and a model of Renaissance chivalry. His Apostrophel and Stella is one of the great sonnet sequences in English and was inspired by his love for Penelope Devereaux, even though he later married Frances Walsingham. Lest one confuse Renaissance "love" and "marriage" with the modern versions, it should be pointed out that Penelope Devereaux was 12-years old when Sidney fell in love with her, and that Frances Walsingham was 14 when she was married to the 29-year-old courtier. Marriages were arranged then and not made in heaven, more a real estate transaction than a spiritual love match.

Sidney, himself, was in his teens when the Huguenot writer and diplomat Hubert Languet fell in love with him. Languet was 36 years his senior, lived with him for a time, and, when they parted, wrote passionate letters to him weekly. In his youth, Sidney was strongly attached to two young men, Fulke Greville and Edward Dyer, and wrote love verses to them both, a point not lost on gay John Addington Symonds when he wrote Sidney's biography.

Sidney died in battle at the age of 32. According to the story, while lying wounded he gave his water-bottle to another wounded soldier, saying, "Thy necessity is yet greater than mine". This became possibly the most famous story about Sir Phillip, intended to illustrate his noble character.

1864 – Died: Major General Patrick (Ronayne) Cleburne (b.1828), who was an Irish American soldier, best known for his service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Born in County Cork, Ireland, Cleburne served in the 41st Regiment of Foot of the British Army after failing to gain entrance into Trinity College of Medicine in 1846. He emigrated to the U.S. three years later. At the beginning of the Civil War, Cleburne sided with the Confederacy. He progressed from being a private soldier in the local militia to a division commander. Cleburne participated in many successful military campaigns, especially the Battle of Stones River and the Battle of Ringgold Gap. His strategic ability gained him the nickname "Stonewall of the West".

According to Randy Shilts ("Conduct Unbecoming"), the Major General might have earned the "Stonewall" appellation for less martial reasons. According to Shilts in his bestselling Conduct Unbecoming the Major General was a 'life-long bachelor' and wrote of the great love of his life:

Cleburne's relationship with his twenty-two year old adjutant, Captain Irving Ashby Buck, drew the notice of the general's colleagues. Cleburne's biographer John Francis Maguire wrote that the general's 'attachment' to Buck 'was a very strong one' and that Buck 'for nearly two years of the war, shared Cleburne's labors during the day and his blankets at night.' Buck himself wrote that the pair were 'close and confidential. I habitually messed with him and shared his tent and often his blankets."

Prior to the campaigning season of 1864, Cleburne became engaged to Susan Tarleton of Mobile, Alabama. Their marriage was never to be, as Cleburne was killed during an ill-conceived assault (which he opposed) on Union fortifications at the Battle of Franklin, just south of Nashville, Tennessee, on November 30, 1864.

Self-portrait

1869 – Konstantin Somov (d.1939) Russian Artist associated with the Mir iskusstva. He was the son of a curator at the Hermitage, and he attended the St Petersburg Academy of Art from 1888 to 1897, studying under the Realist painter Il'ya Repin from 1894. Somov was homosexual, like many of the World of Art members.

Sleeping Nude

In 1897 and again in 18989 he went to Paris and attended the studios of Filippo Colarossi and of Whistler. Neither the Realism of his Russian teachers nor the evanescent quality of Whistler's art was reflected for long in Somov's work. He turned instead for inspiration to the Old Masters in the Hermitage and to works of contemporary English and German artists, which he knew from visits abroad and from the art journals.

Following the Russian Revolution, he emigrated to the United States, but found the country "absolutely alien to his art" and moved to Paris. He was buried at the Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois Cemetery.

1874 – Winston Churchill, British prime minister and statesman (d.1965). He was Britain's wartime prime minister whose courageous leadership and defiant rhetoric fortified the English during their long struggle against Hitler's Germany. "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat," he stated upon becoming prime minister at the beginning of the war. He called Hitler's Reich a "monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark, lamentable catalogue of human crime." Following the war, he coined the term "Iron Curtain" to describe the barrier between areas in Eastern Europe under Soviet control and the free West.

In his wonderfully entertaining and informative biography of W. Somerset Maugham, Ted Morgan tells how Maugham once asked Churchill whether it was true, as the statesman's mother had claimed, that he had had affairs with other young men in his youth.

"Not true!" Churchill replied. "But I once went to bed with a man to see what it was like."

The man turned out to be musical-comedy star, Ivor Novello.

"And what was it like?" asked Maugham.

"Musical" Churchill replied.

Another famous story goes that when Winston Churchill was Prime Minister, he was woken one freezing February morning by a Downing Street aide bearing the shocking news that a male Tory MP had been caught having sex with a naked guardsman in St James’s Park.

Noting that it had been the coldest night of the winter, Churchill is said to have remarked: "Makes you proud to be British."

1900 – On this date, Oscar Wilde, Irish writer, wit and raconteur died (b.1854); Prison, after his conviction for "gross indecency," was unkind to Wilde's health and after he was released on May 19, 1897 he spent his last three years penniless, in self-imposed exile from society and artistic circles. He went under the assumed name of Sebastian Melmoth, after the famously "penetrated" Saint Sebastian and the devilish central character of Wilde's great-uncle Charles Robert Maturin's gothic novel Melmoth the Wanderer.

Nevertheless, Wilde lost no time in returning to his previous pleasures. According to Lord Alfred Douglas, Robbie Ross "dragged [him] back to homosexual practices" during the summer of 1897, which they spent together in Berneval. After his release, he also wrote the famous poem The Ballad of Reading Gaol.

Wilde spent his last years in the Hôtel d'Alsace, now known as L'Hôtel, in Paris, where he was notorious and uninhibited about enjoying the pleasures he had been denied in England. Again according to Douglas, "he was hand in glove with all the little boys on the Boulevard. He never attempted to conceal it." In a letter to Ross, Wilde laments, "Today I bade good-bye, with tears and one kiss, to the beautiful Greek boy. . . he is the nicest boy you ever introduced to me."

Just a month before his death he is quoted as saying, "My wallpaper and I are fighting a duel to the death. One or other of us has got to go." His moods fluctuated; Max Beerbohm relates how, a few days before Wilde's death, their mutual friend Reginald 'Reggie' Turner had found Wilde very depressed after a nightmare. "I dreamt that I had died, and was supping with the dead!" "I am sure," Turner replied, "that you must have been the life and soul of the party." Reggie Turner was one of the very few of the old circle who remained with Wilde right to the end, and was at his bedside when he died. On his deathbed he was received into the Roman Catholic church. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis on November 30, 1900.

Wilde was buried in the Cimitiere de Bagneaux outside Paris but was later moved to Père Lachaise in Paris. His tomb in Père Lachaise was designed by sculptor Sir Jacob Epstein, at the request of Robert Ross, who also asked for a small compartment to be made for his own ashes. Ross's ashes were transferred to the tomb in 1950. The numerous spots on it are lipstick traces from admirers.

The modernist angel depicted as a relief on the tomb was originally complete with male genitals. They were broken off as obscene and kept as a paperweight by a succession of Père Lachaise cemetary keepers. Their current whereabouts are unknown. In the summer of 2000, intermedia artist Leon Johnson performed a forty minute ceremony entitled Re-membering Wilde in which a commissioned silver prosthesis was installed to replace the vandalized genitals.

Note: As a general rule, this site does not list persons' death dates - unless their death was something out of the ordinary, a reason for them to be remembered, or because we don't know their date of birth. However, Oscar Wilde desreves special treatment. His name is referenced in this collection of brief biographies far more than any other person. His life, trial, and death had a world-wide effect on gay history.

1955 – Kevin Conroy was an American actor and voice actor (d.2022). He is best known for his voice role as the DC Comics character Batman on the 1990s Warner Bros. television show Batman: The Animated Series, as well as various other TV series and feature films in the DC animated universe.

Due to the popularity of his performance as Batman, Conroy went on to voice the character for multiple films under the DC Universe Animated Original Movies banner, the critically acclaimed Batman: Arkham video games, and in fall 2019 he will play a live action Bruce Wayne in the Arrowverse adaptation of Crisis on Infinite Earths.

Conroy was born in Westbury, New York. Conroy was born into an Irish Catholic family which moved to Westport, Connecticut when he was about 11 years old. He moved to New York City in 1973 when he earned a full scholarship to attend Juilliard's drama division, studying under actor John Houseman. While there, he roomed with Robin Williams, who was in the same group as both Conroy and Kelsey Grammer.

After graduating from Juilliard in 1978, he toured with Houseman's acting group The Acting Company, and the following year he went on the national tour of Ira Levin's Deathtrap.

Filmreference.com listed Conroy as having been married, and having a child, though an interview with The New York Times in 2016 stated that he was single. He also said that he was gay.

In the 2016 interview with The New York Times promoting the animated adaptation of The Killing Joke, Conroy revealed that he was gay. As part of DC Comics' 2022 Pride anthology, Conroy wrote "Finding Batman", a story that recounted his life and experiences as a gay man. It received critical acclaim upon release. He was married to Vaughn C. Williams at the time of his death.

Conroy made an effort to conceal his homosexuality throughout most of his career. He spoke in "Finding Batman" about the discrimination he faced once potential collaborators and employers found out about his homosexuality. Conroy has said that on multiple occasions he had been removed from consideration for acting jobs due to his sexual orientation.

1995 – The first US. government-sponsored advertising targeting gay men debuts on the eve of World AIDS Day when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention releases a public service television announcement cautioning men to have “smart sex.”

Today's Gay Wisdom: The wit of Oscar Wilde

A cynic is a man who knows the price of everything but the value of nothing.

Moderation is a fatal thing. Nothing succeeds like excess.

There are only two kinds of people who are really fascinating: people who know absolutely everything, and people who know absolutely nothing.

To lose one parent, Mr Worthing, may be regarded as a misfortune; to lose both looks like carelessness.

We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.

An idea that is not dangerous is unworthy of being called an idea at all.

Education is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing that is worth knowing can be taught.

One should absorb the colour of life, but one should never remember its details. Details are always vulgar.

The truth is rarely pure and never simple.

Children begin by loving their parents; after a time they judge them; rarely, if ever, do they forgive them.

Experience is simply the name we give our mistakes.

Illusion is the first of all pleasures.

All bad poetry springs from genuine feeling.

It is better to be beautiful than to be good. But... it is better to be good than to be ugly.

There is nothing so difficult to marry as a large nose.

Keep love in your heart. A life without it is like a sunless garden when the flowers are dead.

Laughter is not at all a bad beginning for a friendship, and it is far the best ending for one.

There is only one thing in life worse than being talked about, and that is not being talked about.

Now that the House of Commons is trying to become useful, it does a great deal of harm.

The difference between literature and journalism is that journalism is unreadable and literature is not read.

Life imitates art far more than art imitates Life.

It's not whether you win or lose, it's how you place the blame.

The old believe everything, the middle-aged suspect everything, the young know everything.

America had often been discovered before Columbus, but it had always been hushed up.

There is no sin except stupidity.

It is only the modern that ever becomes old-fashioned.

A cigarette is the perfect type of a perfect pleasure. It is exquisite, and it leaves one unsatisfied. What more can one want?

Only the shallow know themselves.

Every saint has a past and every sinner has a future.

He hadn't a single redeeming vice.

A pessimist is one who, when he has a choice of two evils, chooses both.

Whenever people agree with me I always feel I must be wrong.

[cannolipony]

A Modest Love

BY SIR EDWARD DYER

The lowest trees have tops, the ant her gall,

The fly her spleen, the little sparks their heat;

The slender hairs cast shadows, though but small,

And bees have stings, although they be not great;

Seas have their source, and so have shallow springs;

And love is love, in beggars as in kings.

Where rivers smoothest run, deep are the fords;

The dial stirs, yet none perceives it move;

The firmest faith is in the fewest words;

The turtles cannot sing, and yet they love:

True hearts have eyes and ears, no tongues to speak;

They hear and see, and sigh, and then they break

[johnflorio]

Welcome to John Florio's Tumblr!

Hello! I'm Mary, I'm an independent scholar and I study the life and works of John Florio.

Who was John Florio?

John Florio (1552–1625), was an English linguist, poet, writer, translator, lexicographer, and royal language tutor at the Court of James I. He is recognised as the most important Renaissance humanist in England. He contributed 1,149 words to the English language, placing third after Chaucer (with 2,012 words) and Shakespeare (with 1,969 words). He was the first translator of Montaigne into English, the first translator of Boccaccio into English and he wrote the first comprehensive Italian–English dictionary.

The representative humanist of the Elizabethan age.

Translator, teacher, secretary, lexicographer and encyclopedist, stylist, interpreter, book collector, philologist, and philosopher: John Florio was one of the most prodigious and learned scholars of the Renaissance. He was patronized by the Earl of Leicester and Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, perhaps also patron of Shakespeare; he was an official “Groom of the Privy Chamber” reader in Italian to Prince Henry and tutor to Princess Elizabeth, afterwards Queen Anne of Denmark; he numbered Sir Edward Dyer, Fulke Greville, John Lyly, and Stephen Gosson among his pupils; his works were prefaced with commendatory poems by such men as Samuel Daniel, John Thorius, and Matthew Gwinne; he was the friend of Ben Jonson, Nicholas Breton, Richard Hakluyt, Theodore Diodati, Gabriel Harvey, Edmund Spenser, and Giordano Bruno.

My website: https://www.resolutejohnflorio.com/

Instagram: iohannesflorius

Twitter: iohannesflorius

[freddiemark]

Mohan Meakin: Exploring its Share Price Trends and Potential IPO

Mohan Meakin, a renowned name in India's alcoholic beverages and brewery industry, holds a rich legacy dating back to the 19th century. Established in 1855 by Sir Edward Dyer, Mohan Meakin has been an integral part of India's industrial landscape, offering a diverse range of products and contributing significantly to the country's beverage sector.

Legacy and Evolution of Mohan Meakin:

Mohan Meakin's journey began with its iconic brewery in Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, producing a range of alcoholic beverages, including beer and whisky. Over the years, the company expanded its portfolio to include popular brands like Old Monk Rum, Golden Eagle Beer, and Solan No. 1. The brand's quality and distinct taste have earned it a loyal consumer base across generations.

Mohan Meakin's Share Price Performance:

As a privately held company, Mohan Meakin share price is not publicly listed on stock exchanges. Hence, assessing its historical share price trends requires a closer examination of its valuation, market positioning, and industry performance.

However, discussions surrounding a potential IPO for Mohan Meakin have been circulating within financial circles. The company's rich heritage, strong brand recognition, and robust market presence in the alcoholic beverages segment have piqued investor interest, prompting speculation about its valuation and potential share price dynamics post-IPO.

The Anticipation of an IPO:

Mohan Meakin IPO could mark a significant milestone in its longstanding history. It could offer the company access to public funds, enabling it to invest in expansion, modernization, and diversification of its product offerings. Moreover, going public could enhance transparency and corporate governance standards, further bolstering investor confidence.

The potential IPO has generated considerable interest among investors, industry experts, and consumers alike. It represents an opportunity for stakeholders to participate in the growth story of a venerable brand deeply ingrained in India's cultural fabric.

Challenges and Opportunities in the Industry:

The alcoholic beverages industry in India is subject to various challenges, including regulatory changes, taxation policies, and evolving consumer preferences. These factors impact the profitability and growth prospects of companies operating in this sector, including Mohan Meakin.

However, Mohan Meakin's diverse product range, brand recognition, and loyal customer base position it well to navigate these challenges. The company has an opportunity to leverage its legacy, invest in innovation, and adapt to changing market dynamics to sustain its competitive edge.

Conclusion:

Mohan Meakin's journey in India's alcoholic beverages industry has been marked by resilience, innovation, and a commitment to quality. While its share price history remains confined within private valuations, the potential for an IPO has generated considerable interest, hinting at the brand's enduring appeal among investors.

The company's legacy, coupled with its ability to adapt to market changes, highlights its potential for growth and expansion. An IPO could unlock new avenues for Mohan Meakin, enabling it to further solidify its position in the industry and embark on a new chapter in its illustrious history.

As discussions regarding the IPO continue, stakeholders eagerly await developments that could shape Mohan Meakin's future trajectory and potentially redefine its standing in India's alcoholic beverages market. The potential IPO represents not just a financial opportunity but also a chance to celebrate and preserve the legacy of a brand deeply woven into the fabric of Indian society.

[lionofchaeronea]

“A Modest Love” - Sir Edward Dyer (1540? - 1607)

The lowest trees have tops, the ant her gall, The fly her spleen, the little sparks their heat; The slender hairs cast shadows, though but small, And bees have stings, although they be not great; Seas have their source, and so have shallow springs; And love is love, in beggars as in kings. Where rivers smoothest run, deep are the fords; The dial stirs, yet none perceives it move; The firmest faith is in the fewest words; The turtles cannot sing, and yet they love: True hearts have eyes and ears, no tongues to speak; They hear and see, and sigh, and then they break.

At the Sundial, Yeend King, ca. 1890

[matter-of-heart]

"The firmest faith is in the fewest words; 

The turtles cannot sing, and yet they love: 

True hearts have eyes and ears, no tongues to speak; 

They hear and see, and sigh,

and then they break."

- Sir Edward Dyer (A Modest Love)

[thewhyldeone]

“In mid-February [1590], Dee wrote a terse [diary] entry recording that Kelley had gone to Prague. Dee would never see him again.

Kelley rode out to Třeboň and into Bohemian history. 

Unaware or unconcerned that Kelley was the conduit for the angelic remonstrations delivered by Dee, Rudolf II himself now sought Kelly’s services. He wrote personally to [Lord] Rozmberk to ask if Kelly could supervise some alchemical experiments the emperor was undertaking at his own laboratories. 

Meanwhile, reports continued to filter back to England of Kelley’s prodigious progress. Lord Willoughby, ambassador to Prague and himself a patron of alchemy, reputedly brought back a bedpan to present to Elizabeth, with a section that Kelley had transmuted into gold. 

Cecil redoubled his efforts to lure Kelley back. Spies were instructed to report on him, letters were dispatched commanding, then imploring that he return. [After only brief and negative responses from Kelley] Cecil repeatedly ordered Edward Dyer  back to Prague to retrieve the unruly adept. At first, Dyer found the atmosphere in Rudolf’s court to hostile to stay, however later Dyer did manage a small foothold in Kelley’s laboratory where he saw himself some of the work underway. The experience left Dyer utterly convinced of Kelley’s abilities.

Cecil was by now beginning to get impatient. “I have cause to thank you, and so I do very heartily for your good, kind letters sent to me by our countryman, Mr Roydon, who makes such a good report of you (as does every other man that has had conversation with you), yet I have some mingled grief,” Cecil continued, “that none of them can give me any good assurance of your return hither; the thing most earnestly desired of all well disposed to the Queen’s Majesty.” he wrote in May 1591. 

Matthew Roydon was a poet and a friend of Christopher Marlowe, and author of a moving elegy to Sir Philip Sidney, “A Friend’s Passion of his Astrophel.” Roydon’s name was also linked with Lord Strange and the so-called “School of Night,” a circle of free thinking writers and philosophers named after a reference in Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s Lost. Roydan was also the courier who brought Kelley’s letter from Prague to William Cecil in 1591.”

- from The Queen’s Conjurer: The Science and Magic of Dr. John Dee, Adviser to Queen Elizabeth I by Benjamin Woolley

[seachranaidhe]

Massacre at Amritsar one of British Empire’s many despicable events This letter appeared in The Irish News today Wednesday July 15th 2020 IT WAS interesting to read in the excellent 'On this day' (July 9) that Edward Carson had defended the actions of…

[bookloversofbath]

The Age of Illusion: England in the Twenties and Thirties 1919-1940 (Ronald Blythe)

The Age of Illusion: England in the Twenties and Thirties 1919-1940 (Ronald Blythe)

The Age of Illusion: England in the Twenties and Thirties 1919-1940 (Ronald Blythe) lands on the shelves of my shop.

London: Hamish Hamilton, 1963, (First Edition) Hardback in dust wrapper.

Contains: Black & white photographs;

From the cover: In this brilliant reconstruction of life in England between the wars, Mr. Blythe highlights a number of key episodes and personalities which typify the…

[tasksweekly]

[TASK 200: ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA]

In celebration of June being Caribbean American Heritage Month, there’s a masterlist below compiled of over 170+ Antiguan and/or Barbudan faceclaims categorised by gender with their occupation and ethnicity denoted if there was a reliable source. If you want an extra challenge use random.org to pick a random number! Of course everything listed below are just suggestions and you can pick whichever faceclaim or whichever project you desire.

Any questions can be sent here and all tutorials have been linked below the cut for ease of access! REMEMBER to tag your resources with #TASKSWEEKLY and we will reblog them onto the main! This task can be tagged with whatever you want but if you want us to see it please be sure that our tag is the first five tags, @ mention us or send us a messaging linking us to your post!

THE TASK - scroll down for FC’s!

STEP 1: Decide on a FC you wish to create resources for! You can always do more than one but who are you starting with? There are links to masterlists you can use in order to find them and if you want help, just send us a message and we can pick one for you at random!

STEP 2: Pick what you want to create! You can obviously do more than one thing, but what do you want to start off with? Screencaps, RP icons, GIF packs, masterlists, PNG’s, fancasts, alternative FC’s - LITERALLY anything you desire!

STEP 3: Look back on tasks that we have created previously for tutorials on the thing you are creating unless you have whatever it is you are doing mastered - then of course feel free to just get on and do it. :)

STEP 4: Upload and tag with #TASKSWEEKLY! If you didn’t use your own screencaps/images make sure to credit where you got them from as we will not reblog packs which do not credit caps or original gifs from the original maker.

THINGS YOU CAN MAKE FOR THIS TASK -  examples are linked!

Stumped for ideas? Maybe make a masterlist or graphic of your favourite faceclaims. A masterlist of names. Plot ideas or screencaps from a music video preformed by an artist. Masterlist of quotes and lyrics that can be used for starters, thread titles or tags. Guides on culture and customs.

Screencaps

RP icons [of all sizes]

Gif Pack [maybe gif icons if you wish]

PNG packs

Manips

Dash Icons

Character Aesthetics

PSD’s

XCF’s

Graphic Templates - can be chara header, promo, border or background PSD’s!

FC Masterlists - underused, with resources, without resources!

FC Help - could be related, family templates, alternatives.

Written Guides.

and whatever else you can think of / make!

MASTERLIST!

F:

Anna Maria Horsford (1948) Afro-Antiguan, Limba, Dominican - actress. 

Patsy Moore (1964) Afro-Antiguan / Unspecified - singer and poet.

Marianne Jean-Baptiste (1967) Afro-Antiguan / Afro-Saint Lucian - actress. 

Drena De Niro (1967) Antiguan, African, Creole / Unknown - actress and producer. 

Rozonda Thomas (1971) African-American, 1/16th Bengali Indian, 1/16th Afro-Antiguan, possibly Unspecified Native American - actress, dancer and singer. 

June Ambrose (1972) Afro-Antiguan - tv personality and stylist.

Fay Wolf (1978) Afro-Antiguan / Ashkenazi Jewish - actress, singer and pianist. 

Claudette Peters (1979) Afro-Antiguan - singer.

Javine Hylton (1981) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan, White - singer.  

Gemma Hunt (1982) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - presenter. 

Masaba Gupta (1988) Indian / Antiguan - fashion designer.

London Hughes (1989) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - comedian and presenter. 

Xiea Hull (1993) Afro-Antiguan - model.

Aaron Philip (2001) Afro-Antiguan - model. - Has Cerebral Palsy - Trans!

Au/Ra / Jamie Lou Stenzel (2002) Antiguan / German - singer-songwriter.

Donalia Jones (?) Afro-Antiguan - actress.

Nicoya Henry (?) Afro-Antiguan - model.

Mara (?) Afro-Antiguan - instagrammer (mara_mac).

Tamzin (?) Afro-Antiguan, Nigerian, British - singer (instagram: tamzinmusic).

Catherine Melenciano (?) Afro-Antiguan - instagrammer (cathiimedialuna).

Melisa N. Charles (?) Afro-Barbudan - model.

Desiree Heslop / Princess (?) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - singer.

F - Athletes:

Ruperta Charles (1962) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter. 

Jocelyn Joseph (1964) Antiguan or Barbudan - sprinter.

Laverne Bryan (1965) Antiguan or Barbudan - middle-distance runner.

Heidi Lehrer (1966) Antiguan [White] - canoer.

Monica Stevens (1967) Antiguan or Barbudan - sprinter.

Heather Samuel (1970) Antiguan or Barbudan - sprinter.

Charmaine Gilgeous (1971) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Barbara Selkridge (1971) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Charmaine Thomas (1974) Antiguan or Barbudan - sprinter.

Dine Potter (1975) Antiguan or Barbudan - sprinter.

Kevinia Francis (1978) Afro-Antiguan - cyclist.

Sonia Williams (1979) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Amy Harris-Willock (1987) Afro-Antiguan - long jumper and Miss Caribbean UK. 

Priscilla Frederick (1989) Afro-Antiguan / African-American - high jumper.

Christal Clashing (1989) Afro-Antiguan / Costa Rican - swimmer.

Samantha Edwards (1990) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter. 

Amelia Green (1991) Antiguan - footballer.

Tamiko Butler (1991) Antiguan - cyclist.

Afia Charles (1992) Afro-Antiguan / Unknown - sprinter. 

Karin O'Reilly Clashing (1992) Afro-Antiguan / Costa Rican - swimmer.

Satara Murray (1993) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan, Afro-Jamaican, Afro-Guyanese, English - footballer.

Desirèe Henry (1995) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Guyanese - sprinter. 

Sabrina Frederick (1996) Afro- Antiguan, Jamaican - footballer.

Kaila Charles (1998) Afro-Antiguan / Trinidadian - basketball player.

Samantha Roberts (2000) Afro-Antiguan - swimmer.

Sher-Rhonda Greenaway (?) Afro-Antigua - IFBB Elite Pro Athlete and Miss Antigua overall Bodyfitness Champion 2017.

M:

King Short Shirt / Sir MacLean Emanuel (1942) Afro-Antiguan - singer. 

Romeo Challenger (1950) Afro-Antiguan - musician. 

Kool DJ Red Alert / Frederick Crute (1956) Afro-Antiguan - disc jockey.

Jazzie B / Trevor Beresford Romeo (1963) Afro-Antiguan - DJ and music producer.

Shashi Balooja (1968) Antiguan - actor and filmmaker.

Andrew Keoghan (1980) Antiguan - singer-songwriter. 

Tian Winter (1985) Afro-Antiguan - singer-songwriter.

Ricardo Drue (1985) Afro-Antiguan - singer-songwriter.

JB Gill / Jonathan Benjamin Gill (1986) Afro-Antiguan - singer. 

Killian Lyrik (1991) Algonquian, Antiguan, Jamaican, Dutch, German - singer, model and writer.

Lucien Laviscount (1992) Afro-Antiguan / English - actor and singer. 

Kirk Knight (1996) Afro-Antiguan / Grenadian - rapper.

Quan The Supreme (1997) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - tiktoker (quanthesupreme).

KneeCaps (1998) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - youtuber.

Sheku Kanneh-Mason (1999) Afro-Antiguan / Sierra Leonean - cellist. 

Clifton Joseph (?) Afro-Antiguan - dub poet.

Shirville Jarvis (?) Afro-Antiguan - actor and model.

M - Athletes:

Maurice Hope (1951) Afro-Antiguan - boxer.

Andy Roberts (1951) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Viv Richards (1952) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Cuthbert Jacobs (1952) Antiguan, Barbudan - sprinter.

Maxwell Peters (1955) Antiguan, Barbudan - triple jumper.

Everton Cornelius (1955) Antiguan, Barbudan - sprinter.

Leon Richardson (1957) Antiguan - cyclist.

Elisha Hughes (1959) Antiguan - cyclist.

Alfred Browne (1959) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - sprinter.

Eldine Baptiste (1960) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Brian Lyn (1961) Antiguan - cyclist.

Richie Richardson (1962) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer.

Oral Selkridge (1962) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - sprinter.

Curtly Ambrose (1963) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Lester Benjamin (1963) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - long jumper.

Howard Lindsay (1963) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan, Afro-Jamaican - middle-distance runner.

Jacob Lehrer (1964) Antiguan [White] - canoer.

Ira Fabian (1964) Afro-Antiguan - cyclist.

Dale Jones (1964) Antiguan - middle-distance runner.

Winston Benjamin (1964) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Pieter Lehrer (1965) Antiguan [White] - canoer and footballer.

Rolston Williams (1965) Afro-Antiguan - footballer.

Daryl Joseph (1966) Antiguan, Barbudan - boxer.

James Browne (1966) Antiguan, Barbudan - long jumper.

Mitchell Browne (1966) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - sprinter.

Neil Lloyd (1966) Afro-Antiguan - cyclist.

Kenny Benjamin (1967) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Ridley Jacobs (1967) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Anthony Henry (1967) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Robert Marsh (1968) Afro-Antiguan - cyclist.

Reuben Appleton (1968) Afro-Antiguan - middle-distance runner.

Derrick Edwards (1968) Afro-Antiguan - footballer.

Robert Peters (1970) Afro-Antiguan - cyclist.

Kenmore Hughes (1970) Antiguan or Barbudan - sprinter.

Hamish Anthony (1971) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Michael Terry (1973) Afro-Antiguan, Afro-Barbudan - middle-distance runner.

N'Kosie Barnes (1974) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Adam Sanford (1975) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - cricketer.

Marc Joseph (1976) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Ben Challenger (1978) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - high jumper. 

Emile Heskey (1978) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Speedy Claxton (1978) Afro-Antiguan - basketball player.

Kieron Dyer (1978) Afro-Antiguan / English - footballer. 

Rory Gonsalves (1979) Antiguan - cyclist.

Shannon Falcone (1981) Antiguan [White] - sailor.

Robbie Joseph (1982) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Joel Anthony (1982) Afro-Antiguan / Unknown - basketball player. 

Mikele Leigertwood (1982) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Justin Cochrane (1982) Afro-Antiguan / Saint Lucian - footballer. 

Gavin Tonge (1983) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Brendan Christian (1983) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Julius Hodge (1983) Afro-Antiguan - basketball player.

Kurt Looby (1984) Afro-Antiguan - basketball player.

Damien Farrell (1984) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Peter Byers (1984) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Ronayne Marsh-Brown (1984) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

James Grayman (1985) Afro-Antiguan - high jumper.

Ayata Joseph (1985) Afro-Antiguan - triple jumper.

Colin Kazim-Richards (1986) Afro-Antiguan / Turkish Cypriot - footballer. 

Dexter Blackstock (1986) 1/4th Afro-Antiguan, Unknown - footballer. 

Colin Kazim-Richards (1986) Afro-Antiguan / Turkish - footballer. 

Daniel Bailey (1986) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

James Walker (1987) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Moses Ashikodi (1987) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Luke Blakely (1988) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Myles Weston (1988) Afro-Antiguan - footballer.  

Marvin McCoy (1988) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Malique Williams (1988) Afro-Antiguan - swimmer.

Orlando Peters (1988) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer.

Justin Athanaze (1988) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - cricketer. 

Keiran Murtagh (1988) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Jyme Bridges (1989) Afro-Antiguan - cyclist.

Devon Thomas (1989) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Josh Parker (1990) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Kemba Walker (1990) Afro-Antiguan / Antiguan [Antiguan, Crucian] - basketball player.

Kiernan Hughes-Mason (1991) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Jamol Pilgrim (1991) Afro-Antiguan - paralympic sprinter.

Nathaniel Jarvis (1991) Afro- Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Hayden Walsh Jr. (1992) Crucian [Afro-Antiguan / Unknown] - cricketer. 

Keanu Marsh-Brown (1992) Guyanese, Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Quinton Griffith (1992) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Kareem Valentine (1992) Afro-Antiguan - swimmer.

Zaine Francis-Angol (1993) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Rahkeem Cornwall (1993) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Norvel Pelle (1993) Afro-Antiguan - basketball player. 

Calaum Jahraldo-Martin (1993) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Rhys Browne (1995) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Mahlon Romeo (1995) Afro-Antiguan / Unknown - footballer. 

Cejhae Greene (1995) Afro-Antiguan - sprinter.

Ché Adams (1996) Afro-Antiguan / Unspecified - footballer. 

Blaize Punter (1996) Afro-Antiguan / Unspecified - footballer. 

Connor Peters (1996) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Alzarri Joseph (1996) Afro-Antiguan - cricketer. 

Courtney Wildin (1996) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

AJ George (1996) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Vashami Allen (1997) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Luther Wildin (1997) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Shai Gilgeous-Alexander (1998) Afro-Antiguan / Unspecified White - basketball player.

DJ Buffonge (1998) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Daniel Bowry (1998) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Noah Mascoll-Gomes (1999) Afro-Antiguan - swimmer.

Stefano Mitchell (1999) Antiguan - swimmer.

Zayn Hakeem (1999) Afro-Antiguan - footballer. 

Thomasi Gilgeous-Alexander (2000) Afro-Antiguan / Unspecified White - basketball player.

TJ Bramble (2001) Afro-Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer. 

Patrick Spencer (?) Antiguan - cyclist.

Rowan Benjamin (?) Antiguan or Barbudan - footballer.

Problematic:

Conrad Mainwaring (1951) Afro-Antiguan - hurdler. - Sexual assault allegations.

Mohammed George (1982) Afro-Antiguan / Afro-Jamaican - actor. - Assault allegations.

[winsonsaw2003]

I’m Looking For Descendants Of Edmund Augustus Blundell (1804-1868)

Edmund Augustus Blundell,Commissioners of Tenasserim from(1833-1843)/Resident Councillor of Malacca from(1847-1849)/Resident Councillor of Penang from(1849-1855).Born in 1804.Son of William Blundell & Mary Ann ?.He joined the service of the H.E.I.C. in the Straits Settlements in 1820 as a writer. In 1823 edition he is an assistant to the collector; in 1825 he is a deputy collector. From 1826 to 1834 he is an assistant to the Commissioner for Mergui and Tavoy. In 1835 he becomes a Commissioner for Mergui and Tavoy. From 1836 to 1840 he is a Commissioner in the Tenasserim provinces. He married to Meliora Mynors Farmar.Beside that,he had a Burmese mistress who had given him 11 childrens.He gave them his name and sent them to be educated in Calcutta and England.He died in 1868 at Harrogate.

His issue -

ai)Fanny Blundell(1837-1924) married to Kenneth Bruce Stuart Robertson.

Their issue:-

bi)James Bruce Robertson(1860 - 1941)married Emily Bertha Neubronner.

His issue:- ci)Archibald Bruce Robertson (1892 - 1927) married Ethel May Stork.

His issue:-

di)Elinor Robertson married ? Proctor.

cii)Emily Mabel Stuart Robertson (1886 - )married Frank Goodall.

ciii) Constance Ethel Robertson (1887 - ) married Gilles Hennus. bii) Charles Harry Everton Robertson (1857 - 1930) married Henrietta Anna Phillipine van Delder.

His issue:- ci) ? Robertson(1889).

cii)Charles John Stuart Robertson (1891 - 1923) married Wilhelmina Beck.

ciii)Henry Everton Robertson (1893 - ? )married Vera Dorothy Westlake.

civ)Archibald Wallace Robertson (1895 - 1954)married Irene Elizabeth McLeod. cv)Frank Dudley Vincent Robertson (1903 - 1943)married Marjorie Tann. biii)Elizabeth Robertson (1862 - 1954)married Alfred Howard Vincent Newton.

Their issue:- ci)Maud Jessie Newton (1883 - )married William Joseph Mayson.

cii)William Howard Newton (1885 - 1919)married 1stly Catherine McWhirter Cowan and 2ndly,Oswald Phillip Griffith-Jones.

ciii)Lillian Allan Newton (1894 - ).

biv)Fanny Stuart Robertson (1868 - )married Anthony Hannay Raeburn.

Their issue:- ci)Agnes Marjorie Raeburn (1889 - )married Vivian Thomas Dyer Smith. cii)Anthony Charles Stuart Raeburn (1890 - ). ciii)Francis Colin Raeburn (1892 - ).

civ)Douglas Alfred Raeburn (1894 - )married Victoria Mary Sutton.

His issue:-

di)John Raeburn married Padday. cv) Lionel Stanley Raeburn (1896 - )married 1stly Edith Kathleen Gibson and 2ndly Kathleen Mary Innes-Haddon.

His issue:-

di)Valerie Raeburn married ? Kempis.

Their issue:- ei)Deidre Ann Kempis married Mark Shepherd. eii)Christopher Kempis. cvi)William Hannay William Raeburn (1907 - ). cvii)Ailsa Fanny Grace Raeburn (1915 - 2001)married Francis Edward Templer. bv)Edmund John Robertson (1855 - )married Elizabeth Shackleton.

His issue:-

ci)Kenneth Bruce Stuart Robertson (1884 - ).

aii)Augusta Blundell married to Michel Jules Moniot. aiii)Mary Blundell married to Capt. George Tod Wright.

Their issue:-

bi)David Moncrieff Wright(1849-1895). bii)Jessie Augusta Wright (1851) Singapore. biii)Arthur Blundell Wright (1853-?)married to ?

.His issue:-

ci)David Moncrieff Wright.

cii)Richard Moncrieff Wright. biv)Mary Alma Wright (1855-1924).

bv)Maxwell James Wright (1858-1927)married Edith Graham Campbell.

His issue:- ci)Effie Graham Wright(1890-?)married to William Cowan Glegg. cii)Rev. George Tod Wright(1892-?).

ciii)Mary (Minnie) Moncrieff Wright(1894-?). civ)Maxwell Campbell Wright(1896-?).

cv)James Campbell G. Wright(1901-?). cvi)Ninian Blundell Wright(1905-1993). bvi)Louis William Wright(1864-?)married to Bridget Bowler.

His issue:- ci)Gordon Francis Moncrieff Wright(1899-?). bvii)Jessie Moncrieff Wright (19 February 1865-1948). bviii)Alice Georgina Wright (19 February 1865, St Andrews -1951).

bix)Augustus Frederick Wright (24 June 1866),St.Andrews. bx)Hector Charles Wright (24 June 1866) St Andrews. bxi)Alfred Victor Wright (1868),St Andrews. bxii)Amy Constance Wright (1869-1950), Scotland. aiv)Ann Blundell married to Adolph Emil Schmidt.

av)Lucy Blundell married to William Willans Willans.

Their issue:- bi)Thomas Church Willans(?-1890) married to ?. His issue :- ci)Bessie Gwendoline Willans married to Roderic Arthur Clapham.

bii)William Blundell Willans married Amy Jeune. His issue:- ci)Gordon Jeune Willans(1883-1963)married to Ruth Inskip.

His issue:- di)Robert Inskip Willans(1917-2001)married to Elizabeth Tuffield. His issue:- ei)Carolyn Mary Jeune Willans married to Stephen G.Townsend. dii)William Digby Willans married to Enid Kathleen Mercer.

cii)Sir Frederick Jeune Willans(1883-1949) married to Wynefred Manby.

ciii)Maxwell Jeune Willans(1886-1906). civ)Norman Jeune Willans(1892-1948). cv)Lucy Jeune Willans. cvi)Elsie Jeune Willans. cvii)Eva Jeune Willans(1883-1937) married Townsend Shaw.

cviii)Alan Jeune Willans(1896-1918).

biii)Harry Walter Willans married to Catherine Vaughan de Jersey Clere.

His issue:- ci)Willam Murray Willans married to Blanche Rose Walker.

His issue:-

di)Malcolm Murray Willans married Eileen Spurdle.

His issue:-

ei)Ashley Willans married Lizanne Hogg.

eii)Ian Willans married Jenny Blinkhorn.

eiii)Suzanne Willans married Peter Linklater.

dii)Harry Leonard Willans married to Dorothy Mary Johnstone.

His issue:- ei)Neil Robert Willans married to Sandra Dymond.

His issue:-

fi)Mark James Willans.

fii)Julie Sara Willans.

eii)Sally Diane Willans married Roger Menzies.

Their issue:-

fi)Erin Leigh Menzies.

fii)Kelly Andrea Menzies.

fiii)Scott Andrew Menzies.

eiii)Delys Marie Willans.

cii)Lucy Willans married Ernest Picot.

Their issue:- di) David Picot.

dii)Peter Picot. diii)Nancy Picot married Bob Hope-Gibbons. div)Elizabeth Picot.

ciii)Dorothy Willans married Percy Hodson.

Their issue:-

di)Catherine Hodson. dii)Sydney Hodson. diii)Mary Hodson.

div) Fraser Hodson.

dv) Pam married Jim Sharpe.

Please contact me at - winsonsaw20032000@yahoo.com

[zerogate]

Steiner says that entry into the ‘world of thought’ is the first major step on the ‘inward journey’ that can lead to ‘knowledge of higher worlds’. He argues that although modern man feels he knows all about thinking, he has not even begun to grasp the true nature of that revolution that occurred in the time of Plato. He still feels ‘contingent’. His view of himself is still basically negative. This is because he fails to recognize that his inner world is a realm in itself, an interior universe in the most literal sense. He spends too much time in ‘surface perception’, and feels that the mind is merely a kind of mechanism for helping him to stay alive, as a vacuum cleaner helps a housewife to keep the place tidy. He fails to grasp what Sir Edward Dyer meant when he said ‘My mind to me a kingdom is.’ This power to take voyages inside himself is new and strange. Where inward journeys are concerned, modern man has only just passed his driving test, and is still too nervous to venture much beyond the end of the street. He actually possesses a completely new power, a new dimension of mobility. Steiner saw it as one of his main tasks to bring this recognition into the clear daylight of consciousness.

Colin Wilson, Rudolf Steiner: The Man and His Vision

[argentvive]

Lyndy Abraham’s Introduction to Literary Alchemy

For those of you asking for an introduction to the basic concepts and history of alchemy, here is the beginning of Abraham’s Introduction in the Dictionary of Alchemical Imagery.  (Boldface is mine.)

----------------------------------------

The origins of alchemy in Western culture can be traced back to the world of  Alexandria and Hellenistic Egypt around 300 BC, when Greek science was flourishing. In Alexandria at this time, the art of alchemy developed in both Graeco-Egyptian and Hebraic cultures. The Arabs became interested in alchemy when they took Alexandria from the Byzantine Empire, and Islamic alchemical practice became well established by AD 750.

 It was not until the twelfth century that the art of alchemy began to influence European culture, spreading there from the Arabs in Spain and Southern Italy. Pope John XXII’s papal bull of 1317 condemned the practice of alchemy, forcing it to retreat underground. By the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, however, it had become an intellectually respectable, if controversial, discipline, and the great passion of the age. At this time alchemy was considered to be a significant scientific and philosophical thought system which provided a mode of perceiving substances, processes, relationships, and the cosmos itself.  In its various manifestations – as the inquiry into chemical substances, the search for the new ‘chymicall’ medicines, the scientific observation of  the processes of nature, as an esoteric philosophy and cosmology, and as an exploration of the act of  creation itself– alchemy flourished in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Europe. Alchemical theory was a dynamic force in the various influences which came together to form an intelligent explanation of the world. Some of the most famous names of the day in England pursued the art of alchemy – Sir Philip Sidney and Sir Edward Dyer, Sidney’s sister Mary Herbert,Countess of Pembroke, Sir Walter Raleigh and his half-brother Adrian Gilbert, Henry Percy, ninth Earl of Northumberland, the mathematician Thomas Harriot,  Edward Kelly and Dr John Dee, George Villiers, second Duke of  Buckingham, Anne, Viscountess Conway, Samuel Hartlib, Isaac Newton, and King Charles II. The rising physicians of the day were the Paracelsian alchemists, and the revolutionary new chemical medicines, which began to replace traditional Galenic herbal practice, were introduced into the pharmacopoeia in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries in England by these pioneering ‘chymists’.

 It is becoming increasingly clear that Hermetic and alchemical thought deeply influenced Elizabethan and Jacobean culture, and that writers of the stature of Shakespeare, Jonson, Donne, Marvell, Cleveland, Milton and Dryden drew on the rich source of alchemical imagery for their writing. The satiric reference to alchemy in the work of such writers as Thomas Nashe, Ben Jonson and John Donne is well known. But alchemical metaphor was used to express deep philosophical and spiritual truths as frequently as it was used as a subject for satire and comedy. When, in ‘Resurrection Imperfect’, Donne wrote of the crucified Christ as ‘all gold when he lay down’ but ‘All tincture’ when he rose, capable of transmuting ‘leaden and iron wills to good’, he was using alchemical terms to express a deep spiritual vision of the transforming power of Christ’s love. And when, in Paradise Lost, Milton wrote of the ‘arch-chemic sun’ whose fields and rivers ‘Breathe forth elixir pure’ and run ‘potable gold’(3.606–9),it is a living, working, spiritual alchemy that is referred to, a spiritual alchemy in contrast to the material alchemy which ‘here below / Philosophers in vain so long have sought’(3.595–612). Alchemy provided a vibrant model for denoting physical, psychological, spiritual and cosmological concepts, and the writers of this era naturally drew on its rich symbolism for their art. 

The impact of alchemical concepts and imagery on culture has not been confined to late Renaissance Europe. From King Lear’s ‘Ripeness is all’ to the young golfer in P.G.Wodehouse, seeking the secret of the game ‘like an alchemist on the track of the Philosopher’s Stone’,alchemy has provided abundant material for the creative imagination. As alchemy separated itself into a materialist chemistry and an esoteric spiritual discipline in the eighteenth century, what had been a more or less unified ‘art’ divided into two strands. The materialist chemical project continued, and alchemy’s heritage is still present in terms like ‘alcohol’ and ‘bain-Marie’, as well as in the discovery of such substances as nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonia, sugar of lead and some compounds of antimony. 

Nevertheless, the esoteric, spiritual component of alchemy kept on, and has continued to provide a major source of material for research in the field of psychology by such thinkers as Herbert Silberer, Carl Jung and Marie-Louise von Franz in the twentieth century, and for writers and visual artists from Dryden, Pope, Goethe, Joseph Wright of Derby and Browning, through to the nineteenth-century Symbolists, Victor Hugo, Marcus Clarke, W.B.Yeats, August Strindberg, Antonin Artaud ,Max Ernst, Paul Klee, Laurence Durrell,Ted Hughes, Vladimir Nabokov, Marguerite Yourcenar and Jackson Pollock. 

[NB Abraham does not include any fantasy writers in her list, but I’d add Eddison, Tolkien, Goudge, C S Lewis, Rowling, and GRR Martin, among others.]

In alchemical treatises from the Middle Ages until the end of the seventeenth century, including tracts by Isaac Newton, alchemical ideas were expressed in coded language, in emblem,symbol and enigma.... One reason for this practice was the desire of the adept to hide alchemical truth from the ‘ungodly, foolish, slouthful and unthankefull hypocrites’ (R. Bostocke, in ep,62).Thus the expression of ideas was made deliberately obscure. The alchemists openly stated that they were using an enigmatic mode of discourse.

Source: Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-00000-0 - A Dictionary of Alchemical Imagery Lyndy Abraham 

----------------------------------------------------

You can find a simpler version of these basic ideas in my post on varieties of alchemy.  

https://argentvive.tumblr.com/post/180576502445/alchemy-physical-spiritual-literary

[vai2008]

100 Years of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre is an emotive subject with many demanding a British apology -- which so far has been unforthcoming.

Jallianwala Bagh is a 6.5-acre (26,000 m^2) garden site of the massacre is located in the vicinity of Golden Temple complex, the holiest shrine of Sikhism.

In March 1919, the British colonial government passed the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, or the Rowlatt Act, extending repressive measures in force during World War I (1914-18). These included incarceration without trial, and caused widespread anger, particularly in the northern Punjab region, with Mahatma Gandhi calling for a nationwide general strike. In Amritsar, news that prominent Indian leaders had been arrested and banished from that city sparked violent protests on April 10.These saw soldiers fire upon civilians, buildings looted and burned, while angry mobs killed several foreign nationals and attacked a Christian missionary.

Brigadier General Reginald Edward Harry Dyer was tasked with ensuring order, and imposed measures including a ban on public gatherings.

On the afternoon of Sunday, April 13, 1919 some 10,000 people gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh, an area in Amritsar surrounded by high walls with only one exit. It was also Baisakhi, a harvest festival in northern India. The crowd included men, women, children and pilgrims and many villagers had gathered in the Bagh, who were visiting the nearby Golden Temple, one of the holiest sites in Sikhism. Some estimates put the crowd at 20,000.

Dyer, later dubbed "The Butcher of Amritsar", reached the spot with ninety Sikh, Gurkha, Baluchi, Rajput troops from 2-9th Gurkhas, the 54th Sikhs and the 59th Sindh Rifles to a raised bank and sealed off the exit. Without warning, he ordered the soldiers to fire on the unarmed crowd. Many tried unsuccessfully to escape by scaling the walls. Others jumped into an open well at the site. Reportedly the troops fired until they ran out of ammunition, letting off hundreds of rounds into the crowd before withdrawing. Dyer stated that 1,650 rounds had been fired, a number which seems to have been derived by counting empty cartridge cases picked up by the troops. Official British Indian sources gave a figure of 379 identified dead, with approximately 1,200 wounded. The casualty number estimated by the Indian National Congress was more than 1,500, with approximately 1,000 dead.

Reaction to the massacre varied. A large section of the British population in India condoned it while many Indians were outraged. Dyer was removed from command into enforced retirement. He died in 1927. Sir Michael O'Dwyer, Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab from 1912 to 1919, endorsed Dyer and called the massacre a "correct" action. Some historians now believe he premeditated the massacre and set Dyer to work. Many Indians blamed O'Dwyer, and while Dyer was never assaulted, O'Dwyer was assassinated in London in 1940 by Sardar Udham Singh in retaliation for his role in the massacre

Demands by several past Indian leaders and politicians for Britain to apologise for the massacre have fallen on deaf ears. In 1997, the Queen laid a wreath at a site during a tour of India. But her gaffe-prone husband Prince Philip stole the headlines by reportedly saying that the Indian estimates for the death count were "vastly exaggerated".In 2013, David Cameron became the first serving British prime minister to visit Jallianwala Bagh. He described the episode as "deeply shameful" but stopped short of a public apology. On Wednesday, Prime Minister Theresa May told parliament that Britain "deeply regretted what happened and the suffering caused." But she too didn't say sorry.

Here's a video of scene from the movie Gandhi showing the massacre.

Source: 1 | 2 | 3

[a-royal-obsession]

Prince Edward to the Prince of Wales

Gibraltar, 24 Jan. 1791

I have many thanks to return you for the kind message you were so good as to send me by Captn. Elphinstone. Though I might have answered it a few days sooner by post, I preferred sending you this by General O’Harra, who will probably have the honor of presenting it to you himself. With respect to him, expecting one unfortunate momentary affair which passed between him and me, but which a very full and generous apology on his side wiped away entirely, I have every reason to express my very warmest acknowledgments for his manner of acting towards me the whole time I was under his command. I only wish he may be as well satisfied with me as I have every reason to be with him, and I wish you would repeat to him when you see him in England what I have already told him here, how grateful I felt for his liberal & generous conduct to me.

Now with respect to myself, though by dint of living literally a life of abstinence, I have been able not only to do my own duty without ever once missing any part of it, but also that of the other Colonels in the Garrison, when by sickness they were prevented from doing it themselves, I have suffered so much from violent bilious attacks ever since I have been here, that I found it necessary to take the opinions of medical people on that subject. As they all agreed that this climate was extremely prejudical to my health, and that particularly by my remaining here the six hot months very serious consequences might attend it, I found myself under the necessity of petitioning the King for a removal. I then wrote on the 13th of December that letter of which Elphinstone sent you a copy. I was at that time ignorant of your kind intentions to me, which Elphinstone communicated to me, & the cold reception which I met with when in England, at the Queen’s House, did not give me any hopes even that the idea should once enter their heads of wishing me to return to England.

I now wait with anxious impatience to know what will be determined upon; at any rate from here I must go. Of course my inclination must guide me to prefer above all the plan you struck out for me, but I doubt assent being given to any plan that brings me home. The greatest pains shall be taken to procure you a horse, agreeable to the directions you sent me by Sir John Dyer; I shall try in Barbary and I shall try in Spain, and between the two it will go very hard with us if we do not succeed. I wrote this last post to Sir J. Dyer, and in my letter gave him a commission for the Duke of York, which I shall repeat in one I this day wrote to the Duke myself. I wish you would be so good as to speak to him also on the same subject. Sir J. Dyer will acquaint you with it, and therefore I will not trouble you by repeating it in this letter. I hope to hear from you soon, in the mean while believe me ever to be [etc.]