#Terminal value formula excel

[stockmarketanalysis]

🧠 Complete Guide to Option Pricing: Master the Math Behind Every Trade

🚀 What Really Moves Option Prices in the Market?

Option prices don’t move randomly — they follow logic, math, and psychology. At the core, five major forces drive every option premium: underlying asset price, strike price, time to expiration, volatility, and interest rates.

In the Indian context, take Nifty 50 call options for example. If the index is trading at 22,500 and you're looking at a 23,000 strike call, the difference between current price and strike defines its intrinsic value. If it has time left and volatility is high — say after a major RBI policy event — extrinsic value inflates, pushing the premium up.

📊 According to NSE data, options now make up over 90% of derivatives volume. That kind of liquidity gives traders real-time insights into market sentiment.

🔍 Inside the Black-Scholes Model: Wall Street’s Most Influential Formula

The Black-Scholes Model, developed by Fischer Black, Myron Scholes, and later expanded by Robert Merton, changed how traders approached pricing. Before this model, pricing was guesswork. After it — it was precision.

It assumes no arbitrage, continuous trading, and normally distributed returns. While idealistic, it works shockingly well for European options — like many equity index options on the NSE.

Imagine you're pricing a Reliance Industries European Call Option with 30 days to expiry. Plug in the current price, strike, interest rate, volatility, and time — and Black-Scholes gives you a fair value.

📚 The formula was first published in “The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities” (1973), still referenced in IIM-A finance coursework today.

🧮 Why Many Traders Prefer the Binomial Model for Flexibility

The Binomial Option Pricing Model, introduced by Cox-Ross-Rubinstein, breaks the life of an option into discrete intervals. In each interval, prices can go up or down — like a tree. Perfect for American options, which are common in Indian stocks like TCS or Infosys, where early exercise matters.

📈 For example, in volatile earnings seasons, traders may prefer the binomial model for its ability to model sudden jumps — unlike Black-Scholes, which assumes smooth, continuous moves.

Also, the binomial method allows customization — you can adjust volatility steps and time frames. Tools like Strike Money allow you to model such pricing scenarios visually — no Excel wizardry needed.

⚖️ Understanding the Greeks: The Compass for Every Option Trader

Option Greeks aren’t just academic — they’re lifelines for active traders.

🔹 Delta: Measures how much the option price moves when the underlying moves. Think of it as direction sensitivity. For example, an HDFC Bank call option with a delta of 0.7 will gain ₹0.70 if the stock moves ₹1.

🔹 Gamma: Rate of change of Delta. When volatility spikes after a policy event, gamma positions can become explosive.

🔹 Theta: Time decay. Every passing day chips away at your premium. This kills out-of-the-money options faster — visible in low expiry volumes near Thursday in Indian markets.

🔹 Vega: Sensitivity to volatility. In India, before major macro events (like Union Budget), Vega spikes, inflating options across the board.

🔹 Rho: Rarely used, but matters when RBI interest rate changes shock bond and equity markets.

Real-time tools like Strike Money help visualize these Greeks dynamically. Seeing how your option reacts to price, time, and volatility on a live chart sharpens decision-making.

🛠️ Platforms That Help Traders Price Options Like Pros

Modern option pricing isn't done on calculators anymore. In India, traders use a mix of domestic and global tools:

💻 Strike Money: Built for Indian markets. It maps Greeks, price paths, and volatility curves in real time.

💻 TradingView: While more chart-focused, it has basic option overlays.

And of course, Bloomberg Terminal remains the gold standard for institutional desks.

These platforms don't just show prices — they help simulate multiple outcomes, overlay probability cones, and assess payoff dynamics.

🌪️ Volatility: The Wild Card That Can Make or Break Option Pricing

Volatility is the soul of an option. It doesn’t just influence — it dominates pricing.

📉 When markets are calm, like pre-election, implied volatility drops — premiums fall. 📈 Post-events like RBI repo rate hikes or global cues from the Federal Reserve, volatility jumps — so do option prices.

A famous phenomenon in Indian options is the volatility skew — where out-of-the-money puts often price higher due to fear of crashes. For example, during COVID crash (March 2020), Nifty 10,000 puts priced with extremely high Vega values.

And then there's volatility smile — observed especially in Bank Nifty options near expiry, where both OTM calls and puts rise disproportionately.

If you're ignoring volatility, you're mispricing risk. Traders who master Vega tend to profit from sideways markets where others get chopped out.

🧪 Real-World Examples from Indian Markets That Explain It All

Take the 2022 Adani Group crisis. After short-seller reports emerged, implied volatility on Adani Enterprises options skyrocketed from 45% to over 150% in days. Those who held long Vega positions profited immensely, even when directional bets failed.

📊 According to NSE research, option turnover during that period doubled — a reflection of how volatility drives both volume and pricing.

Or consider the Budget Day each year — the options on Bank Nifty inflate in price days before, only to decay sharply after the event. Traders hedge this with straddles or strangles, and manage risk via Delta-neutral portfolios.

This isn’t theory — it’s real cash on the table, driven by pure understanding of pricing models and Greeks.

🧠 Case Studies: How Institutions Think About Option Pricing

In institutional circles, options aren’t just speculative tools — they’re part of risk-engineered portfolios.

📘 Example: ICICI Prudential AMC uses long-dated options to hedge exposure on mid-cap funds. By modeling expected volatility and pricing through Black-Scholes (with custom volatility inputs), they determine when to buy protection.

🧾 Hedge funds like Helios Capital in India reportedly use Vega-heavy strategies — betting on volatility spikes during macroeconomic transitions.

And remember Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM)? Their collapse in 1998 was partly due to misjudging the tail risk in pricing models. The takeaway? Option pricing must account for fat tails and black swan events, especially in emerging markets like India.

💡 FAQs: Option Pricing Simplified for the Curious Mind

❓ What’s the most used model in Indian markets? ✅ Black-Scholes for European index options like Nifty/Bank Nifty. Binomial or Monte Carlo for American-style stock options.

❓ Why do options lose value so quickly near expiry? ✅ That’s Theta decay. In the last 2–3 days, especially for OTM options, time value vanishes fast.

❓ Is high implied volatility always good for buyers? ✅ Not always. If implied volatility is overpriced, and doesn’t materialize, buyers lose — sellers gain.

❓ Can I hedge my portfolio with options? ✅ Yes. Using protective puts or covered calls, you can protect downside or generate passive income.

❓ How do I use Greeks in actual trades? ✅ Use tools like Strike Money to map your net Delta, Vega, and Theta before you place trades. Know what you're risking.

🎯 Final Word: Option Pricing Isn’t Just Math, It’s Market Psychology

Option pricing is where math meets emotion. It’s a game of probabilities, modeled by equations, played by humans, and influenced by macro chaos.

Whether you’re a retail trader on Zerodha, a portfolio manager at a mutual fund, or a startup founder hedging ESOP exposure — understanding pricing isn't optional. It's survival.

Learn the models. Master the Greeks. Watch volatility. Use tools like Strike Money to visualize risk. Because in this game, the one who understands price doesn’t pay it — they control it.

[rajshreemetals7890]

How to Choose the Best Brass Sheet: Types & Naval Brass Guide

When it comes to metal fabrication, design, or marine engineering, selecting the right type of material is crucial. Brass sheets, especially naval brass sheets, are widely used for their durability, resistance to corrosion, and visual appeal. But how do you choose the right one for your needs?

In this blog, we’ll walk you through the different types of brass sheets, their specific properties, and when to choose naval brass for optimal performance.

What is a Brass Sheet?

A brass sheet is a flat metal product made from an alloy of copper and zinc. The specific ratio between the two determines its hardness, strength, and color. These sheets come in various thicknesses and are valued for their formability, aesthetic gold-like appearance, and corrosion resistance.

Key Features:

Workability – Easily cut, shaped, or machined

Strength – Varies depending on the copper-zinc ratio

Appearance – Attractive gold-like finish

Non-magnetic – Safe for electrical and electronic use

Popular Types of Brass Sheets

There are several types of brass sheets available, each suited to specific applications. Here's a quick guide to the most common ones:

1. Cartridge Brass (70/30)

Composition: 70% Copper, 30% Zinc

Strength: Excellent formability and moderate strength

Use: Ammunition casings, plumbing components, decorative hardware

2. Red Brass (85/15)

Composition: 85% Copper, 15% Zinc

Strength: Strong and more corrosion-resistant

Use: Ornamental and architectural purposes, valves, and plumbing

3. Naval Brass (60/39/1)

Composition: 60% Copper, 39% Zinc, 1% Tin

Strength: High tensile strength and superior corrosion resistance

Use: Marine hardware, propeller shafts, condenser plates

What is a Naval Brass Sheet?

Naval brass sheet is a specialized brass alloy designed to withstand harsh marine environments. Its unique formula, which includes a small percentage of tin, gives it enhanced resistance to dezincification (a corrosion process where zinc is leached out, weakening the metal).

Benefits of Naval Brass:

Exceptional resistance to saltwater corrosion

High mechanical strength

Excellent wear and tear properties

Reliable performance under extreme pressure

This makes naval brass sheet the go-to choice for marine engineering, naval architecture, and industrial applications requiring high durability.

Key Differences Between Brass Sheet and Naval Brass Sheet

FeatureBrass SheetNaval Brass SheetCompositionCopper & ZincCopper, Zinc & TinCorrosion ResistanceModerateExcellent (marine-grade)CostLowerSlightly higherStrengthGoodSuperiorIdeal UseDecorative, electricalMarine, mechanical

How to Choose the Right Brass Sheet

Choosing the right type of brass sheet depends on your application, budget, and environmental conditions.

1. For Indoor Decorative Use

Choose regular cartridge or red brass sheets. They are easy to fabricate and provide a premium finish for furniture, lighting, and wall accents.

2. For Outdoor or Marine Use

Always go for naval brass sheets. Their corrosion resistance makes them perfect for ship parts, docks, marine fasteners, and heat exchangers.

3. For Structural Components

If your application involves mechanical stress, opt for naval brass or high-strength brass alloys that can bear load and resist fatigue.

Common Applications of Brass and Naval Brass Sheets

Here are some industries and specific uses where these materials shine:

Brass Sheet Applications:

Electrical connectors and terminals

Decorative panels and trim

Musical instruments

Signs and nameplates

DIY projects and arts

Naval Brass Sheet Applications:

Ship propeller shafts

Marine hardware (valves, fasteners)

Heat exchangers and condensers

Pump components

Oil and gas platform fittings

Advantages of Using Brass Sheets

Both standard and naval brass sheets offer several unique benefits:

Anti-rust & Anti-corrosion: Especially in humid conditions

Visual Appeal: Bright, gold-like surface

Low Maintenance: Simple to clean and polish

Thermal Conductivity: Suitable for applications needing heat transfer

Non-sparking: Safe for use in explosive environments

Maintenance Tips for Brass Sheets

To keep your brass or naval brass sheets looking and performing their best, follow these maintenance tips:

Cleaning:

Use mild soap and warm water for regular cleaning.

For tarnish, a mixture of vinegar, salt, and flour can be applied as a paste.

Always wipe dry with a soft cloth to prevent watermarks.

Polishing:

Use commercial brass polish occasionally to restore shine.

Avoid harsh abrasives that could scratch the surface.

Storage:

Store in a dry, cool place to avoid oxidation.

Keep sheets covered or in sealed plastic to minimize exposure to air.

Where to Buy Quality Brass and Naval Brass Sheets

When purchasing brass or naval brass sheets, consider a trusted supplier that offers:

Accurate composition certifications

Multiple thickness and size options

Custom cutting or fabrication services

Bulk order discounts and secure packaging

Whether you're sourcing for an industrial project or a home design upgrade, choosing the right brass material can impact your project’s quality, cost, and longevity.

Conclusion

Both brass sheets and naval brass sheets offer unique advantages, depending on where and how they’re used. If your needs are decorative or general-purpose, a standard brass sheet is cost-effective and easy to work with. But for marine or heavy-duty industrial environments, naval brass is the clear winner for its strength, durability, and corrosion resistance.

Understanding these differences will help you make informed choices and get the most out of your investment in brass materials.

[modelsbytalias]

The Mysteries of Excel's Functions.

Microsoft Excel is a popular spreadsheet program that is known for its robust features that make doing complex computations and data processing much easier. Data manipulation and insight extraction are simplified with the use of Excel functions, which are pre-built formulae that execute certain tasks.

Let's Take Apart an Excel Function

The following are the standard components of an Excel function:

For example, "SUM," "AVERAGE," or "IF" would be examples of functions.

The function's body begins with an opening pair of parentheses, denoted by "(".

Functions perform their work on something called "arguments," which might be either a value or a reference. When passing numerous arguments to a function, separate them with commas. Count Function In Excel is used widely.

The function is terminated with the closing parenthesis (")".

Syntax: There is a prescribed format or syntax for inputting each function. Excel's built-in Function Wizard (Fx)  or the Excel manual will lead you to the correct syntax for a function.

Fundamentals of Excel

Let's take a look at a handful of Excel's most useful and versatile built-in features:

SUM is used to sum a set of numbers together. Formulas should look like "=SUM(number1, number2,...)".Excel Index Function is actually fantastic.

The AVERAGE function finds the midpoint of a set of integers. "=AVERAGE(number1, number2,...)" is the correct syntax.Excel Filter Function is the best.

The MAX function returns the highest value in a set of integers. "=MAX(number1, number2,...)" is the correct syntax.Excel Sumproduct will always give you accurate results.

The MIN function takes a range of integers and returns the smallest one. To use this formula, type "=MIN(number1, number2,...)".Excel Roundup is used widely.

COUNT returns the total number of numeric cells within the specified range. The formula looks like this: "=COUNT(value1, value2,...)".Excel Offset has been outstanding.

The IF statement makes a computation dependent on whether or not a certain condition is met. "=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)" is the correct syntax. People generally apply Excel Concatenate.

VLOOKUP is a function that searches a table for a value in the first column and returns another value in the same row from a different column. "=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])" is the correct syntax to use. Excel Mod Function will get you the finest results.

Using the Function Wizard and AutoSum

Excel's built-in features make it easy to quickly and accurately enter formulas. You may easily insert frequently used functions like SUM and AVERAGE into selected cells by clicking the AutoSum button () on the Home tab of the Ribbon. The Function Wizard (Fx) makes it simple to look up and incorporate new functions while learning their specific syntax and needs. Choose Function Excel is excellent.

Experiment and Perform

Using Excel's functions effectively is best learned by doing. Learn the fundamentals first, and then go on to more complex formulae and functions as your confidence grows. Excel's wide range of features makes it useful for everything from simple arithmetic to complex statistical analysis.

Learning Excel's fundamentals is a first step toward maximizing your productivity with this powerful spreadsheet program. Excel's power to conduct sophisticated computations, analyze data, and simplify operations may be fully used with some time spent practicing and learning the function syntax.

[efinancialmodels]

Easy to Download Formats for Sum Formula in Excel and DCF Method

Are you looking for the right excel sheets that are easy to download and can be turned into any formula to calculate anything or make an impressive sheet for representation?

Depending on your budget model, type of industry and the way of representing your reports and analysis, you will get the right solutions with easy to download for the following sheets that include Sum Formula in Excel, Discounted Cash flow valuation example, DCF method, terminal value formula in Excel and a lot more. You will learn from experts, “How to calculate DCF or How to Calculate Payback period”.

Go Online to Follow Easy Steps to Download Excel Format

Go online and you will find a number of top platforms that are offering easy to download options for DCF Method, terminal value formula in Excel, discounted cash flow valuation example and download formulas to calculate DCF. You can also download Excel budget spreadsheet, sum formula in Excel and IRR Formula.

There are a number of renowned names in this domain providing you with some of the best sheets. You have to download the right one of your choice, go through the details and

You will get a lot more like DCF Method, terminal value formula excel, Financial Ratios Analysis, excel budget spreadsheet, how to calculate payback period, sum formula in excel, IRR formula, discounted cash flow valuation example, and how to calculate DCF. Follow a few simple steps and you will be able to download the right format of your choice and within seconds.

[fantasyload0]

Intrinsic Value Calculator Excel

Calculators Bianca 2018-11-09T00:35:20-05:00 BUFFETTS BOOKS ACADEMY: CALCULATORS These tools are for educational purposes only and are not to be actioned with real money. Great, then it is now time to calculate the company's intrinsic value to determine whether the stock price is low enough to invest! The following quote provides a definition of the term intrinsic value. 'Intrinsic value is the discounted value of the cash that can be taken out of a business during its remaining life.'

Calculating Stock Value In Excel

Intrinsic Value Calculator Excel Download

Intrinsic Value Formula Excel

Graham Intrinsic Value Formula Excel

Intrinsic Value Calculator Excel Download

Example-- Let’s say you want to interested to invest in Maruti Suzuki.

The current share price of Maruti is Rs 7463.95(Sept 2018). During the trailing twelve months, the EPS of the company was Rs 260.86.

The first thing you need to do is to find the projected growth. The analysts are saying that Maruti will grow at a rate of 16.56% per annum for the next five years. (Source- Yahoo finance - Go to the stock page and check the ‘Analysis’ tab)

Next step is to find the terminal growth rate. Let’s say that you researched and found out that its terminal growth rate is 2%. Finally, you need to find the return rate. Assume you calculated rate of return using the CAPM model and it turned out to be 10%. Overall, here are the values to be used in the calculations:

Earnings per share = Rs 260.86

Return rate (%) = 10%

Growth rate (%) = 16.56%

For the period (years) = 5

Terminal growth rate (%) = 2%

From the above calculations, you will get the intrinsic value of Maruti Suzuki equal to Rs 5997.98.

However, you also need to have a margin of safety on your calculations. After all, the future of any company is unpredictable and these calculations are made on few assumptions. Therefore, let's consider a margin of safety of 15% on the calculated value.

Overall, the intrinsic value per share for Maruti after the margin of safety of 15% is Rs 5098.28. (Quick note: The higher the margin of safety, the safer is the investment.)

As the fair value of the Maruti is lower than the current market price, it may be overvalued right now.

You have found a good business with a high , low debt levels, healthy profit margins and a steadily increasing book value? Great, then it is now time to calculate the company's to determine whether the stock price is low enough to invest!

The following quote provides a definition of the term intrinsic value.

'(Intrinsic value is) the discounted value of the cash that can be taken out of a business during its remaining life.'

in Berkshire Hathaway Owner Manual

So the intrinsic value is the net present value () of the sum of all future free cash flows () the company will generate during its existence. This intrinsic value reflects how much the business underlying the stock is actually worth if you would sell off the whole business and all of its .

Value investors make money by buying good businesses at a price way below the intrinsic value.

The idea behind this is that in the short term the market often produces irrational prices, but in the long term the market will on average price the stocks correctly. So if you buy when the price is irrationally low and sell when the price approaches the intrinsic value (the correct price), you will earn market beating returns while taking less risk!

Discounted Cash Flow method

To calculate the intrinsic value of a stock using the discounted cash flow method, you will have to do the following:

Take the free cash flow of year 1 and multiply it with the expected growth rate

Then calculate the NPV of these cash flows by dividing it by the

Project the cash flows 10 years into the future and repeat steps 1 and 2 for all these years

Add up all the NPV's of the free cash flows

Multiply the 10th year with 12 to get the sell off value*

Add up the values from steps 4, 5, and Cash & Cash Equivalents to arrive at the intrinsic value for the entire company

Simply divide this number with the number of to arrive at the intrinsic value per share

Is the current stock price much lower than the intrinsic value per share you calculated? Then you might consider investing.

However, take into account that the intrinsic value you calculated is merely an estimate, and that small changes in inputs can lead to significant changes in the estimate. So do not take the calculated value as true, but merely as a rough indication.

* For this calculation we assume that the company and all its assets will be sold in year 10 at a free cash flow multiple of between 12 and 15. This is because it is impossible to predict the future, especially more than 10 years ahead.

Calculating Stock Value In Excel

Free Discounted Cash Flow calculator

To make life a bit easier for you, I created an automated discounted cash flow spreadsheet which you can use to quickly calculate the intrinsic value of US listed companies.

And the best thing is that all you have to do is fill in the ticker symbol and the spreadsheet will do the rest!

Sounds good? Then click the button below to get access!

Other valuation models

While DCF is one of the most common ways to calculate the intrinsic value of a company, there are other good methods available that can help you get a more accurate picture.

Intrinsic Value Calculator Excel Download

Since calculating the intrinsic value of a company is more art than science (you just can't precisely determine the value, it is always an estimate), it is recommended to use multiple methods and then compare the results.

Intrinsic Value Formula Excel

Read my Easy Intrinsic Value Formula post for a method which is based on instead of FCF, for example.

Graham Intrinsic Value Formula Excel

For a comprehensive explanation of 3 distinct valuation models, leave your name and email below to receive my free How to Value Stocks ebook.

Advanced intrinsic value calculations

If you want more advanced functionalities, you might consider my PREMIUM value investing spreadsheet

Intrinsic Value Calculator Excel Download

View the discussion thread.

[lupine-publishers-arme]

Lupine Publishers | Research on Fishery Water Quality Detection System of Unmanned Aerial Vehiclee

Lupine Publishers | Advances in Robotics & Mechanical Engineering

Lupine Publishers | Advances in Robotics & Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Many lands in China are close to rivers and oceans and they are very suitable for developing fisheries. Water quality monitoring is indispensable to the development of fisheries. Therefore, a method of detecting, evaluating and predicting fishery water quality using unmanned aerial vehicle electrode sensor array is proposed. The results show that this method can timely monitor fishery water quality and predict the future trend of water quality and improve the detection efficiency.

Keywords: Fishery water; Prediction; Electrode Sensor Array; UAV

Introduction

Among the standards for measuring fishery water quality [1], the PH value of fishery water, ammonia nitrogen content, temperature, dissolved oxygen are important data indicators for traditional fish farming, which have a direct impact on fish farming. In the traditional analysis and prediction of fishery water quality, it takes a long time to sample fishery water and then carry out physical and chemical analysis, which will greatly delay the timely management of fishery water and resulting in irreversible losses. Therefore, it is necessary to find a faster, more convenient and reliable method. As far as we know, the electrode electrochemical sensors have the characteristics of fast equivalent circuit network, high selectivity of measurement, the excellent waterproof performance and corrosion resistance. It is an excellent choice for fishery water quality monitoring. At the same time, due to UAV’s [2] high mobility and flexibility, outstanding performance and practical application in the agricultural field, UAV has expanded our thinking of using it in the fishery field. In this paper, we focus on the application of electrodetype chemical water quality sensors in fishery production practice [3], and carry them on the platform, and transmit the data to the cloud database through GPRS network for LSTM [4], in order to achieve more accurate and rapid assessment and prediction of fishery water quality in modern aquaculture.

MethodsUAV Suitable for Water Surface

In order to ensure UAV to float smoothly on the water surface and leave the water quickly, the floating structure can be made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). EVA [5] is a polymeric material whose molecular formula is (C2H4) x. (C4H6O2) y, which is made of foam after foaming. It has the characteristics of closed cell structure, no water absorption, good water resistance, corrosion resistance, high resilience and high tensile resistance and EVA material has a good processing property and is easy to process floating structure.

Electrode Chemical Sensor Array

Most of the electrode chemical sensors are based on chemical electrolyte as the medium, belonging to the primary battery system. After contacting fishery water, the substances to be measured are exchanged through the thin film, and the electrolyte inside can take place electrolytic reaction to produce corresponding electrical signals. For different detection components, the electrolyte inside the electrode chemical sensor is different, and the film material is selective, so the electrode chemical sensor has the characteristics of high selectivity and reliability. Although the temperature will affect the sampling results of multiple electrode chemical sensors. However, by integrating the electrode chemical sensor with the temperature sensor, the data measured by the electrode chemical sensor can be corrected by the temperature sensor.

Collection of Fishery Water Data

We use remote controllers, computer terminal ground stations and GPS satellite positioning to allow UAV to fly on planned routes and land accurately in the water quality area to be measured. After the UAV is parked on the water surface, sensors hidden in EVA materials begin to monitor the water quality. Each group of data contains temperature and content. There are three groups of data. After average processing, the data are transmitted to the cloud server database, which is aggregated into the server database at intervals. During floating sampling, data is transmitted only to the cloud server. After floating sampling, the collected data are sent back to the back end, and the data are evaluated and processed. The final results will be displayed at the corresponding ports of the ground station. The original working data obtained in an evaluation operation are shown in the following Figure 1.

Figure 1: The original data measured by the sensor. .

Data Processing and Results

The four indicators measured by the sensor are uploaded to the cloud server after taking the average value, and the data are uploaded every 3 seconds. After every period of time, the data uploaded during that period are aggregated at the back end, and the aggregated data are processed. The processed experimental data are compared with the fishery water quality measurement standard, and the possible results are predicted, and the phase is given. The corresponding solution. Data processing mainly uses LSTM algorithm. LSTM can perform better in a longer sequence than ordinary RNN. LSTM differs from RNN in that it adds a “processor” to the algorithm to judge whether information is useful or not. The structure of the processor is called cell. According to the fishery water quality measurement standard, we divide the water quality grade into the following tables: (Table 1). Through the analysis of the original working data, it can be concluded that PH is basically stable between 7.7 and 7.9, DO is about 3.8–3.9, NO2 is between 0.09–0.1, NH4+ is between 0.1 and 0.11, the temperature is increasing, and the fishery water level is 2. The experimental results after treatment are extracted as follows: (Table 2). It can be seen from the table that the experimental results after treatment are basically consistent with the analysis.

Table 1: Classification.

Table 2: Analysis result.

Summary

This paper reviews the composition of UAV water quality monitoring system and its corresponding algorithm, analyses in detail the details of UAV water quality monitoring system operation and introduces the application of LSTM algorithm in it. From the current performance effect, the UAV water quality monitoring system has a significant effect, which also confirms the shortcomings of the traditional fishery water quality monitoring system.

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IRR AND YIELD - Things To Know Before Real Estate Investment

 IRR AND YIELD

People give priority to real estate investment because it gives more returns. However, the rate of return depends on various factors. Cash flows may change every year, and go up or down; these markets are subject to real-time change and risk. Therefore it is also important to know the potential rate of return of the asset. Real estate investors calculate this with the help of many tools, but IRR and Yieldare the most suitable. Real estate is a dynamic avenue, unlike the stock market.  Various factors in the market and outside result in the price and return of the property. Thus, a fresh investor as well as a senior investor has to understand IRR and yield.

What is IRR?

Internal rate of return also known as IRR is a parameter or metric used in the real estate domain to calculate the average return on investment. IRR is an important tool for understanding expected returns from existing assets as well as potential assets. IRR, when calculated, results in a percentage of annual return on investment. 

As it is a technical term, numerous factors are considered during the calculation of IRR. IRR is primarily related to two main factors: Profitability against Investment and time.

In any type of investment, Profit is important. It is the value against your spending; may it be a rent or mortgage payment or any steady income. However, profit parameters vary on your overall business or investment model. Whenever your returns are more than the initial investment, it is considered as profit. Profit is the ultimate point after you deduct associated expenses like property tax, maintenance, or any other. On the other hand, time is an important factor because it is directly proportional to the value of a property. The value of your property is what it is today not some years down the line and also in the future.

What is Yield?

The yield is what we understand as IRR. Income is the earnings on your investment. It considers factors such as the amount invested and the current market value of your property. Income is also calculated on a percentage basis. There is a method to calculate yield and IRR. While talking about IRR versus income; the main difference is that the yield to maturity refers to the investment already made. IRR can also give you a percentage of a potential investment. Yield to maturity known as YTM is a metric for calculating yield at current market prices. The investment here may be some form of bond or other fixed-income security. YTM calculation is more tedious than IRR.

IRR and yield calculators are not so much about arithmetic. It can also be calculated with the help of Excel sheets the most common way. However technical formulas for IRR and yield consider factors such as annual rental income, property value, annual expenses, total investment, number of tenures, etc.

Gross yield = (annual rental income/ property value) x 100

Net rental yield = [(Annual rental income – Annual expenses) / Total property cost] x 100

Internal rate of return=

A common parameter to keep in mind in IRR is that the higher the terminal value, the more money the investor can invest. This reduction is indicative of the high value of the risky investment. Investors around the world need to understand the data points of return on investment. These metrics provide you with an economic analysis to predict the return on investment in property. Therefore, they serve as a guiding principle for investors to decide whether to invest in a property.

[terralong]

Filemaker pro advanced

Filemaker pro advanced mac os#

Filemaker pro advanced pdf#

Filemaker pro advanced update#

Filemaker pro advanced pro#

Filemaker pro advanced update#

Quit the updater and open the new version of FileMaker to verify that the update was successful.

After the update has completed, you will see a message confirming the successful installation of the new version.

Click Next, then Update to update your software.

Read and accept the displayed license agreement, then proceed as directed.

Double-click the appropriate FileMaker 10.0v3 updater program for the platform and product you are using.

Note: On Windows, you may be prompted to insert your original installation CD or locate the original installation software during the update process. This update will require approximately 800 MB of free space on your hard disk. To ensure a smooth installation, disable virus detection software before applying the update, and re-enable it after you are finished.

Filemaker pro advanced pro#

Please verify that you are using the appropriate updater for your product.įileMaker Pro 10.0 Advanced v3 Updater (setup.exe) Install this software if you are using any of the configurations listed below. Addressed an issue where CPU utilization may be unnecessarily high in certain circumstances involving custom menus, particularly when used with Citrix Presentation Server and Terminal Services.CPU - New in FileMaker Pro 10.0v2 (Windows Only) The problem could also prevent the contents of a container field from being visible in a browser if the Instant Web Publishing solution refers to files stored in the Web folder.ġ1. Addressed an issue for some customers with Instant Web Publishing that causes any custom home page in the Web Folder in the FileMaker application folder to be ignored.Addressed a formula issue in the script for the New Layout/Report dialog to correctly account for localized formats to enter the correct view mode after a layout is created.Addressed an issue where a file set to use the system formats would still insert the date in layout mode with the file format, which may not match the system format.Addressed an issue where Auto-Complete in a field with multiple lined data fails to function unless you are on the last empty line of the text field.Addressed an issue where a FileMaker-based number field added to an external data source table does not display a zero.Addressed an issue where a file set to ask a user to change the password on next login fails to change the password if the client and server are not the same version.

Filemaker pro advanced pdf#

Addressed an issue where saving records to PDF could crash if the starting page number was not 1 and the layout extended beyond one page.

Filemaker pro advanced mac os#

Mac OS X: Addressed an issue where the application would crash when printing to host-based printer models.

Addressed an issue where UTF-8 data is not being encoded correctly in SMTP mail.

Addressed an issue with some SMTP servers that could lead to the BCC email recipients being shown inappropriately.

Addressed an issue that causes recovery to report no issues when there are invalid data blocks in the file.

Addressed an issue that causes custom functions to occasionally get corrupted during recovery.

The Random calculation will generate values greater than 0 and less than 1.

Addressed an issue where the Random calculation function could generate non-random values on certain machines.

Addressed an issue where the application could crash if you imported an Excel 2007 file that contains a copied worksheet with named ranges.

Addressed an issue where an Excel file could be created displaying data under the wrong header if a field was removed using the Modify Table View feature.

Mac OS X: Addressed an issue to prevent a failure when attempting to export Excel (*.xls) without Rosetta installed.

This software updates FileMaker Pro 10.0v1 or 10.0v2 Advanced to version 10.0v3. FileMaker Pro 10.0v3 Advanced Updater (click to download)

[beanghon]

Gain Huge Success With Magnesium Mineral Formulas

Right now, almost every individual is concerned by way of several kinds of ailments caused by cardio, neural, skin, coupled with other parts of the body, due to which there are many are taking within medications and can be out many answers to terminate many health concerns. There are specific people who have negative head health and other difficulties, comparable to inferior immunity, substandard face healthiness, abnormal sleep, depression, lower knees and lower back, and many more. Those health concerns occur credited weak weight loss diets for the reason that very poor diet programs can’t match the depend on for numerous vitamins and nutrients in the childs body. Everyone requirements quite a lot of nutritional value on a regular basis, coupled with magnesium is simply one single organic compound that features a much bigger element around restoring whole entire body fitness. Various health professionals stated that magnesium mineral options beneficial properties and then removes a great number of concerns, and every single solitary guy need to try upskill his or her magnesium stages to reduce magnesium deficiency.

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[swuachusk]

Are You Interested In Liver Supplement Reviews?

Lots of individuals don’t recognize the value typically the liver on your body, plus they don’t are concerned about their own liver healthiness. In actual fact, a new liver is among the actual bigger-sized system which in turn perform a few actions in the childs body. The main operate associated with a liver should be to filtering system all the your blood inside an successful tactic, and if any liver turns into cracked, subsequently many people can suffer a number of concerns. It again suppliers several significant nourishment only to deliver the system when ever your entire body requires valuable vitamins. A different goal of all the liver can it be assists in bile producing and therefore excretion. It is critical for increasing liver healthiness just because a site busted liver may be a motive for a number of issues of health, which can manifest as a motive for passing of life. There are processes to make improvements to liver healthiness, yet , persons aren’t happy to follow all of the tips. Experts recommend we needs to always keep their diet ideas and need to attempt lose weight.

In keeping with the latest state, those that have excessive fat practical experience liver an infection and various other liver-related items. A lot of masters even mentioned that persons will want to keep away liver products with smoking avoiding deeper liver problems properly. Types of folks that could not sustain their liver health and fitness, and after this, they're quickly take away each and every liver reactions to objectives liver supplements. Anyone who is usually battling that harmed liver implement liver health supplements to get rid of lots of the harmful toxins and bacteria and even better liver wellness in the system. When your problem approaches liver detox supplements, persons find many different opportunities relating to natural supplements construction business. A number of products will provide immunity to use, as well as having don’t operate on the body regarding their list of ingredients. When necessary, inquisitive citizens might check this or possibly go to many of our authorized how do people find out more regarding the liver cleanse supplements.

It's vital which will drink this best liver supplement considering that the most excellent remedy contains valuable and effective issues that terminate waste fully. You can find health experts just who endorse a lot of best liver formulas that any of us are able to use often to shed liver issues, like, Organifi liver reset, 1MD liver MD, liver well from Live Conscious, Amy Myers MD liver support, Zenith Detox by Zenith Labs, VitaPost liver support plus, and more. Through the help of all the best liver health supplements, persons can potentially continue to keep her or his liver health insurance and reduce the functioning of one's liver which have no unintended side effects. Each of these capsules fixing a liver in rapid sequence. Each of these vitamin supplements include many extremely important nutrition, mineral, and additionally herbal extracts of which clear all the liver. Lots of components happen to be proven prior to by using to make many of these products. Of those with desires to comprehend about all the top liver supplements in conjunction with other features can seem like at liberty to go to this page.

[thetradingtechniques]

Position Size & Risk Management for trading

Position Size & Risk Management for trading

In the previous article on trade and stop loss management we discussed on how to manage risk on specific trade and how to manage a trade. Here we shall discuss on how to manage risk on overall capital. Below points will be discussed here.

Few points to be internalized.

Importance of trading journal.

How to calculate position size / what is position size calculator?

Position size and risk management is independent of trading strategy and it must be maintained by traders.

1.Few points to be internalized regarding risk management for trading

Below we shall discuss few points which is very much crucial in respect to risk management for trading.

Never put all of your money in a single trade.

This is a very important point to always remember especially for beginner. Sometimes we find trade setups which look very attractive. In such situation beginners jump into the trade and pour into whole capital in a single trade in the hope of big profit. But there is no guarantee that the trade will move in our anticipated direction and it may move reverse direction. If the trade moves in reverse direction they become more nervous and can’t exit the trade at stop loss point. They continue to hold in the hope of reversal which rarely happens and as a result they wipe out their capital. So the bottom line here is how attractive the trade maybe we should never put our all money in a single trade.

Never do Revenge trade/trade

to recover the loss. Sometimes market behaves abnormally and our stop loss gets hit repeatedly. In this type of situation we should close our trading terminal and relax for few times and can come back to trade once market back to normal. But in this scenario beginners get irritated and lose control over emotion and take repeated trade to recover the loss. As result they make huge loss.

Never be fooled by greed.

There is a famous saying in the market “Be cautious once all others are greedy.” It is really true in real sense. A quick profit in the market makes the common traders greedy and they often are carried away by the parabolic moves. Instead of booking profits in such cases they continue to pour money into the market at the unreasonable high price and as result get trapped once market reverses. So the best idea is to follow the rules and stick to the rules and take action as per the rules.

Never depend on tips provider/ news.

Be self-independent to analyze and select trade. No one has win in the market in long run depending on tips providers. Tips providers provide tips but if one has no idea how to manage trade, cannot profit from it. Sometimes due to change in market conditions traders has to change his decisions but tips follower don’t have idea about such situations. Tips or trade recommendations may be correct but who follow it might not execute it properly (Such as holding trade after hitting stop loss). Due to that instead of following tips we have to learn the art of trading and make ourselves a seasoned trader. Generally news is published after actual action happened in the market. In such situation entering trade based on news is only a process of getting trapped. There is a common saying in the market “Buy on rumor and sell on news.”  Instead of following news if we follow charts we can predict price action more accurately.

You have to survive the difficult phases in the stock market.

In good market condition profit will flow easily. This is really true in trading. If we follow proper risk management we can survive in difficult phases very easily. We have to remember that there is nothing like daily / monthly / yearly target to earn from trading. If we set such target we will be fooled by our emotion. We have to trade as per our rules and even if there have reaped losing months still we have to follow our rules. We should not change our rules frequently. We should follow same strategy for at least six month to get proper result. If still we are not getting desired result then we have to review our strategy. It happens vary often when we get huge return in good market that can very well compensate the losing period.

Also Learn the other topics of Demand Supply trading strategy below:

Technical Analysis Basics What is Dow Theory Candlestick Charts Bullish Candlestick patterns Bearish candlestick patterns Indecision and continuation candlestick patterns How to use Volume in trading Method of moving average RSI Indicator ATR Indicator Trend line analysis Support resistance Demand Supply zone Chart patterns Trading channels gaps Trading strategy Trade management and stop loss Position size and risk

2.Importance of trading journal.

Trading journal is name of the log of our trading activity. In this log sheet we have to record all details of our trades we take. Trading journal may help in various ways in our trading journey. From the journal we can analyze which type of trades we are losing and which type of trade we are winning. This can help analyze our strategy and also points out our weak points. Also recording the trades makes us more disciplined because if we are breaking any rules that is also being recorded. We shall discuss about trading journal in more detail in a separate article.

3.How to calculate position size /  calculator position size?

So far in the article we have learned we have to take calculated risk. Now we shall explain how to take calculated risk.  To do that we have to take our positions by correct quantity. Below we show an excel sheet which is the calculator of position size as per our risk. 📷 Now we shall explain the excel in detail: Date to be entered:

Net worth: This is the overall value of the trading capital.

Entry price: This is the price at which we enter the trade.

Stop loss: This is the price where we have to book loss if trade goes in wrong direction.

Other charges: These are the charges like brokerage, stt tax etc.

Output result:

Risk on investment (%): This is the percentage loss that can happen in the trade. For swing trade it should be around 5-6% and for positional trade it should be below 10%.

Risk on capital (%):This is the risk in percentage over our whole capital. This should be 0.5-2%. As per our risk appetite we should choose a risk profile like 0.5% or 1% and follow the same for each trade. For example if we have Rs 1000000 capital and we choose 0.5% risk profile then on each trade we can afford to lose Rs 5000 at max. For beginners 0.5% risk profile is recommended.

Risk on each trade: This is the amount that we can afford to lose in each trade as explained above.

No of shares: This is the number of shares we should buy as per chosen risk profile.

Capital Invested: This is amount required to buy the designated no of shares.

Formulas: Below mentioned formulas may be applied to generate the excel sheet. Risk on each trade = net worth * risk on capital percent No of shares = (risk on each trade = other charges) / (Entry Price – stop loss) Capital invested in the trade = No of shares * Entry Price Watch our video on position sizing and risk management below.

[efinancial-models62]

Calculate net present value

A common question is how do you calculate the net present value. Instead of digging into complicated formulas, best is if you replicate the calculation via the help of an Excel Model as its easier to understand.

The most common use of the net present value method is the Discounted Free Cash Flow Valuation where you can download an example DCF Valuation Model for free here and check the formulas. Also note, if you don’t want to forecast the cash flows till the end of your Excel sheet, you will need to calculate the terminal value. For more information please visit our website: https://www.efinancialmodels.com/2016/08/18/how-do-you-calculate-net-present-value/

[juniperpublishers-jdvs]

Technical Computation of Animal Diet Formulation: A Review-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF DAIRY & VETERINARY SCIENCES

Introduction

This article provides the general understanding of the computer programs, excel spreadsheets and software used for the livestock feed mix formulation. Various computer programs, excel spreadsheets and software have been developed for formulating optimal livestock diet. Most of the programs and software, developed for the formulation of livestock diet are based on linear programming technique which provides least cost diet formulation. Some of the programs are formulating animal diet on the basis of combination of two or more mathematical programming techniques.

Abbreviations

PRP: Profession Ration Package

Computer Programs

Jones et al. [1] developed a research program for computerized feeding management system for field service program. This was a multi-stage project for the Southern US states and its acceptance was evaluated by other states. It represents the feasibility of approaching dairy cattle nutrition from a cooperative multistage effort and works on a large database. The system is now available to dairymen for the formulation of feeding guidelines by the Dairy Herd Improvement Association.

In Roush et al. [2] developed a stochastic-linear program Excel workbook that consisted of two worksheets illustrating linear and stochastic program approaches. Both approaches used the Excel Solver addin. A published linear program problem served as an example for the ingredients, nutrients and costs as a benchmark in the development of the linear and stochastic programs. The Excel spreadsheet was set up to calculate MOS value. According to the requested probability, it was same for both of the linear and stochastic programs. Spreadsheet results illustrated the flexibility, accuracy and precision of the stochastic program over the linear program in meeting the requested nutrient probability.

Spreadsheets and Tools

In Kavcic [3] constructed a user-friendly tool for beef farmers in an Excel framework in which mathematical deterministic programming techniques have been used. A linear program along with a weighted goal program was used, which results in more efficient beef ration formulation. The user could choose different objectives, such as, to minimize forage costs, to achieve more balanced ration or to implement own weights. This tool was applicable for practical decision making on beef farms, enabling cost-effective and nutrient-balanced beef production.

In Zgajnar et al. [4] developed a spreadsheet tool for the formulation of a daily cow ration. The MS Excel platform has been used to develop two linked sub models. It merged the common LP model and the WGP model with a penalty function. The first sub model was included in the tool to make an estimate of the least-cost magnitude. The obtained result was entered into the second sub model as the goal which should be met as closely as possible. The tool was tested at two different values of preferential weights for dairy cows with a 25kg daily milk yield. In contrast to the common linear program tools, which terminate at formulation of the least-cost ration, this tool provided more efficient rations (in both economic and nutritive terms) by fine- tuning of the nutritive goals and by allowing harmless deviations from these goals by applying penalty functions.

Zgajnar et al. [5] presented a tool based on a three- stage optimization approach presented for pigs' daily ration formulation. In the first stage, a common linear program is used to formulate rations on a least-cost basis. In the second stage, a sub model, based on WGP and penalty functions, is used to formulate a nutritionally balanced and economically acceptable ration. The ration cost is calculated in the first phase. In the last stage, the tool runs the first and the second phases several times with the intent of finding the most efficient energy content of the ration. This model enables decision makers to find the optimal energy con-tent of the pigs' feed, which changes frequently owing to rapidly fluctuating economic circumstances.

Zgajnar et al. [5] developed a tool based on a three-step approach. In the first step, a common linear program was utilized to formulate least-cost ration. In the second step, a sub-model based on WGP is developed which was supported by a system of penalty functions. This approach is very much similar as that of Zgajnar et al. [4]. 

Software

In Weaver et al. [6,7] evaluated a method for selecting dairy ration formulation software for microcomputers. Data were collected from a survey of practicing nutritionists and software programmers. A benchmark problem consisting of 15 activities required in designing dairy rations was chosen to evaluate ease of use, ease of learning and software performance. A list of features and a benchmark problem have been developed for evaluation of dairy nutrition software. Features included documentation, user interface characteristics, setup features, input and output variables, and flexibility to specify the objective function. This feature list can be used to determine whether a users requirements will be met by specific software. The benchmark can provide a tool for quantitatively comparing the ease with which nutrition software can be learned and used.

In addition, the benchmark can provide a controlled environment to evaluate and compare ration formulation results. The features list and benchmark have demonstrated the strengths and weaknesses of Mixit 2+, Noah and Profession Ration Package (PRP) in this comparison. Comparison of these three programs was illustrated the diversity of features, user friendliness and performance among programs designed for a similar application.

BEST MIX is a commercially available feed formulation software used for achieving the optimal livestock diet at least cost with the satisfaction of all nutritional requirements. It also enables the user to control the production parameters. It's a profit driven feed formulation software. Its results can be directly translated into practical products. Feed formulation is software which helps in obtaining the least cost feed. It has two functions: formulating the least cost feed mix and analysis of the formula. Feed Formulation uses linear programming to find least cost feed mix. Trial and Error method has been used for formula analysis. Eco-Mix is also a least cost feed formulation software.

It is suitable for finding least cost feed mix for any kind of livestock. In this software, unlimited number of feed ingredients and nutrients can be incorporated for feed mix formulation. The minimum and maximum values of feed ingredients and nutrients can also be changed easily. Win Feed is the only software which works on linear as well as stochastic programming techniques and provides least cost feed mix. It can provide least cost feed mix for ruminants as well as non-ruminants. It has the power to handle unlimited number of feed ingredients and nutrients. It has an easy system to handle the database of the composition of the feed ingredients. User also has the facility to import or export data from Excel Table 1.

For more Open Access Journals in Juniper Publishers please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com

For more articles in Open Access Journal of Dairy & Veterinary sciences please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/jdvs/index.php

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[architectnews]

Canada F1 Grand Prix, Montréal

Canada F1 Grand Prix, New Paddock, Québec Modern Spectator Facility, Architecture Images

Canada F1 Grand Prix – New Paddock, Montréal

16 Mar 2021

Canada F1 Grand Prix – New Paddock

Architects: Les architectes FABG

Location: Montreal, QC, Canada

As part of a renewal agreement for the Formula 1 Canadian Grand Prix, the city of Montreal had to replace the existing temporary structures with a larger permanent building that would more adequately meet the needs of the event. The new paddock includes garages for the teams, offices for the International automobile Federation (FIA) and the promoter, a lounge area for 5,000 people and a Multimedia Center for journalists and broadcasters. All furniture and equipment are shipped from abroad and installed for the duration of the event.

To facilitate the completion of the$ 50 million project in the 10 free months between the two Grand Prix editions, the building was designed as an assembly of prefabricated parts including concrete panels, steel beams and columns, CLT wooden beams and panels, curtain walls and removable partitions. It can also be easily disassembled and recycled materials in case of Grand Prix termination.

Unlike other international grands Prix, the lounge areas have no exterior walls and are not air-conditioned, the interior spaces are minimally finished and the building must make responsible use of the public funds invested while equipping Montreal with equipment that reflects our identity and values for an event seen by more than 300 million people around the world.

Concept The building echoes the innovative structures that marked Quebec’s imagination when the 1967 World’s Fair was held on the site of Île Notre-Dame. The Terre des Hommes logo using the Y to represent men with outstretched hands remains an indelible symbol of this summer that marked the advent of modernity here. The wooden structure proposed for the roof is based geometrically on this memory and reflects our desire to move away from the images and values usually associated with motor racing and more specifically with Formula 1. The advent of new owners and executives at the head of the circuit has made possible the acceptance of this proposal, which corresponds to their desire to move away from the ostentatious globalized luxury in order to highlight the cultural and geographical specificity of each stage of the circuit and adapt it to emerging values.

The new Paddocks will accommodate up to 13 stables, each of which will have two front access for single-seaters, drivers and technical teams, as well as a service access located at the rear of the building for equipment or for quick access to the redeveloped hospitality area.

Designed without a permanent division, the garage space is modular according to the needs of the teams at each edition of the Canadian Grand Prix : temporary partitions will be used to create the desired divisions and thus suit the technical needs of this constantly evolving sport.

The building presents a completely new configuration of the space for sports commentators and representatives of the FIA and FOWC : the distribution has been redesigned to meet the need for stakeholder interactions with the action taking place on the circuit. Unlike the Old control tower which was made at height to offer good visibility on the track, the new tower is arranged horizontally on 2 floors right in the building, as new race control technologies now require less direct visibility.

A media space is integrated into the building rather than being located in a temporary marquee, in order to provide quality services to journalistic representatives, namely modular lighting, a suitable ventilation system and electrical and telecommunications connection boxes including optical fiber.

This media space is also a rental space made available to Montrealers for events outside the Grand Prix period in all seasons.

The building has been designed to multiply the views on the race track, but also on the entire environment of the park that surrounds it, with the development of several terraces on the 2nd and 3rd floors.

The new building being higher presents a 360-degree panorama to the spectators. On one side, a close-up view of Jean-Doré Beach, the Casino de Montréal, former Pavilion of France during Expo 67, as well as the former Pavilion of Quebec that is adjacent to it. In the distance, the city of Montreal, Mount Royal and its cross are visible.

On the other side, you can see at first glance the Olympic pool where groups of rowing, canoeing and dragon boats train. Behind, a narrow passage of the St. Lawrence River crossed by freight boats, then the South Shore of Montreal.

Universal accessibility Accessibility has been completely redesigned in the new building : the entire ground floor is on the same level as the ground and the floors are accessible via a panoramic glass elevator located at the east entrance. Bleachers and bathrooms are also provided to ensure universal accessibility and ease of travel.

Sustainable development The structure of the roof of 1425 m3 is made of wood, a durable and renewable material. Since, during its growth, wood captures CO2 from the atmosphere and sequesters it in its fiber, this volume of wood corresponds to the sequestration of more than 1,000 tons of CO2. Wood is thus considered carbonegative, which means that not only does the use of wood in construction generate low carbon emissions, but also helps to remove additional carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

The waterproofing of the roof is carried out with an elastomeric coating covered with white mineral granules in order to limit the heat island effect and the temperature rise for the spectators.

The solar photovoltaic panels on the terrace total 64 m2 and should store enough solar energy in one year to compensate for the energy expenditure required for the complete building at a Grand Prix. The installed system will provide an average of 87,600 kw/hre per year and the estimated energy consumption during the Formula 1 event is 88,940 kw / hre.

Local Production The wood used for the beams, in the form of glued and cross-laminated (CLT), as well as for the decking, in the form of cross-laminated, comes from northern Quebec and values species and small pieces of wood to optimize the fiber of all the trees during the cutting. The precast concrete parts come from a Quebec company, as are the curtain walls and the steel structure. The division into several separate batches of the structure (concrete, steel and Wood) allowed the simultaneous production in the factory of colossal quantities of material as well as their erection in a very limited period of time and despite a harsh winter.

Awards and recognitions Award of excellence, Canadian Architect – 2018 Mention en innovation de l’OAQ – 2020 Grand Prix d’excellence de l’OAQ – 2020

Canada F1 Grand Prix – New Paddock in Montréal, QC – Building Information

Location: Circuit Gilles-Villeneuve, Montreal, QC Commissioning date: May 2019 Client: Société du Parc Jean Drapeau Architect: architects FABG-Éric Gauthier (project director), Marc Paradis (project manager), Nicolas Moussa (project manager) General contractor: GEYSER Group Ing. Structure: CIMA+

About Les architectes FABG Les architectes FABG was founded in 1954 and formerly known as Blouin et Associés, the firm changed its name in 1988 to reflect the succession of a third generation to the management of the company that now exceeds its fifty years.

Since its foundation, the team has an average of fifteen members, and movements within the staff are quite rare. This stability is necessary for the transmission of a corporate culture that promotes the quality of service and products delivered.

The company offers comprehensive architectural services with special expertise in cultural venues and restoration and renovation projects that have earned it more than 50 awards and mentions of excellence here and abroad.

FABG architects mainly serve institutional clients for public projects. Many projects have been or are being carried out with the city of Montreal and its boroughs, from the Pierrefonds Community centre, the restoration of Esso station in Verdun, the Maison de la Culture Hochelaga-Maisonneuve and the transformation of the Bibliothèque Centrale. We have also completed the functional and technical programs for the Montréal-Nord and Saint-Charles libraries.

The effectiveness of the services provided by a firm is measured by the confidence that grants it repeatedly and which has the consequence of gradually strengthening its degree of expertise. Over the past twenty years, FABG has been the recurring choice of major cultural stakeholders (Cirque du Soleil, Jazz Festival, National Theatre School of Canada, Ex-Centris, World Film Festival, Place des arts, etc.) for the realization of many projects in Montreal.

Photo credits: Steve Montpetit

Canada F1 Grand Prix, Montréal images / information received 160320 from v2com newswire

Location: 12eme avenue, Rosemont, Montreal, Québec, Canada

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Castor Des Érables Development, Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie, Montréal, QC Architects: Parkhouse photographer : Parkhouse/Bardagi The Castor Des Érables Development in Montréal

Charlebois Lake House, Ste-Marguerite-du-Lac-Masson, north of Montreal, Québec Architects: Paul Bernier Architecte photographer : James Brittain House in Ste-Marguerite-du-Lac-Masson

Canadian Architecture

Canadian Architecture Offices

Comments / photos for the Brick House in Villeray, Montréal, Québec property design by ISSADESIGN, QC, Canada page welcome

The post Canada F1 Grand Prix, Montréal appeared first on e-architect.

[little-p-eng-engineering]

Pipe Stress Analysis

In our previous posts (Pipe Stress Analysis Notes, Piping Stress Analysis), we have looked at the piping information required to properly analyze a piping system. This information included the elastic properties (modulus values and Poisson ratios), the strength properties (allowable stress envelopes), and the Stress Intensification Factors and Flexibility Factors. We’re now at a point where we can discuss how a pipe stress analysis is actually carried out.

As previously mentioned, there are inputs to the pipe stress analysis that would be the same regardless of the choice of piping material. These include pressure, temperature, and density of the fluid, which are dictated by the process conditions. They also include the occasional loadings such as wind and seismic. The Owner (or Owner’s agent) will typically define the basic occasional load parameters such as wind speed and seismic accelerations, as well as the building code to which all plant equipment and systems must be designed. The Designer will then utilize the provisions of a building code standard such as ASCE 7 to determine the actual loads that should be included in the pipe stress analysis.

The Designer creates a computerized model of the piping system with a pipe stress analysis program such as CAESAR II or AutoPIPE. This task involves a number of steps including:

Breaking the piping system into discrete elements, each of which represents a small portion of the piping system. The elements are defined by the “nodes” at each end of the elements. The choice of node locations is up to the Designer, but for accurate representation of the piping system, nodes are required at each change of direction or material, at all in-line equipment, and at all restraints (supports and terminal points). Additional nodes would be included at any location where the Designer requires output information. An example of this would be at the midpoint between supports so that the deflection between supports can be determined.

Defining the appropriate geometric properties of each element, i.e. diameter and thickness of the pipe, and length and orientation of the element.

Defining the design conditions/loadings including pressure, temperature, weight of the pipe and contents, and seismic and wind loadings.

Assigning the appropriate material properties to each element including modulus values and allowable stresses.

Applying the appropriate Stress Intensification Factors and Flexibility Factors to the fittings.

Defining the support types and locations.

Defining any imposed displacements on the piping system, e.g. thermal growth of a vessel to which the piping is attached.

Creating the appropriate load cases to ensure all load combinations of interest are analyzed.

An example of the input screen (CAESAR II) defining the properties of a particular element is shown below:

When all the inputs have been entered into the model, the analyses are run. The Designer reviews the results including the piping stresses, piping deflections, and loads on restraints to determine if the design is acceptable. If the stresses due to pressure plus weight or occasional loads (seismic and wind) exceed the allowable stresses, or if the deflections between supports exceed the allowable deflections, the Designer will typically add restraints to the system. The additional restraints will often be sufficient to solve the stress/deflection problems due to these primary loads, but there may still be stress problems due to constraint of thermal expansion. The piping will try to expand when exposed to an increase in temperature, and some means must be provided to accommodate that expansion. The methods that are typically used include: • Utilizing the flexibility inherent in the piping layout due to changes in direction • Introducing expansion loops • Introducing expansion joints

Another method that is commonly used to control thermal expansion in FRP piping systems is to rigidly restrain straight runs of pipe. Due to the relatively low axial modulus of FRP pipe, the thermal compressive stresses in the pipe and the loads at the anchors are often quite manageable, but this method of support is typically limited to smaller sizes of pipe or to systems where the change in temperature is modest. While it is necessary to include sufficient restraints to limit the stresses or deflections due to weight and occasional loads, too many restraints can result in flexibility problems with the piping. In fact, the process of arriving at a suitable piping system design often comes down to finding an acceptable balance between providing enough supports to handle the primary loads (weight, seismic, and wind), and providing sufficient flexibility to accommodate the thermal expansion. This process typically requires several attempts at defining an acceptable configuration for the number, types, and locations of the supports.

Apart from the stresses and deflections, the pipe stress analysis also provides the loads on the restraints. It is these loads that are used to design the pipe supports. This task is a necessary part of any pipe system design, but there are particular aspects of the support design for FRP piping that require special attention. Support design for FRP piping will be the subject of our next article.

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