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sophiasmithg · 7 months ago

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Nextjs vs Nodejs: Which Backend Framework to Choose in 2025

Today, businesses rely on interactive and dynamic web applications to improve their online presence. One of the most popularly used backend technologies is JavaScript which not only creates real-time web apps but also helps developers improve their coding experience.

As of 14 June 2024, nearly 98.8% of websites use JavaScript.

63.61% of developers use JavaScript for client-side and server-side app development.

Global brands (Google, YouTube, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.) use JavaScript to develop compelling websites.

JavaScript offers several frameworks for efficient developer experience.

Choosing the right JavaScript framework is a strategic decision for overall success. Two popular backend JavaScript frameworks are- Next.js vs. Node.js.

However, Node.js is a runtime environment that runs JavaScript code outside the browser. And Next.js is a React-based framework for building dynamic and hybrid applications. Both offer unique benefits and are suitable for different use cases.

To build modern-age applications, developers must understand where both technologies differ and which one to choose in 2025.

What is Node.js?

GitHub- 108k+ stars, 3500+ contributors

40.8% of backend developers prefer Node.js to build high-end, dynamic, and real-time applications. Since 2009, Node.js has evolved with a strong community improving it over the years.

Source

Here are a few things that you must know about Node.js.

A runtime environment that executes JavaScript on the server side.

Built on Chrome's V8 engine, which is the main reason behind Node.js’s high-speed and efficient applications.

Can handle many concurrent connections.

Has npm (Node Package Manager)- a set of libraries and tools for extended functionalities.

Works well for data-intensive applications that need quick responses.

Supports both vertical and horizontal scaling to meet growing demand.

Easily integrates with JSON for seamless data exchange.

Supported on most platforms, including Linux, Windows, Unix, macOS, and more.

Key Features

Here are some key features of Node.js

Source

Event-driven, asynchronous, non-blocking I/O Model- allows Node.js to handle many concurrent connections efficiently. It also manages resources and I/O operations asynchronously. It means the system will process other requests without waiting for the response from a slower I/O process. It improves the app’s performance and responsiveness. It makes Node.js apps highly scalable.

Modular design- Node.js modular design allows developers to share and reuse code, significantly reducing development time and improving the developer’s experience.

Compatibility across platforms- you can use Node.js across platforms like Mac OS X, Linux, and Windows. It helps developers create a single codebase and deploy it across platforms ensuring the same functionality and responsiveness.

Built-in debugging tools- one of the most prominent features is its built-in debugging tools, allowing developers to identify and fix issues instantly.

NPM (Node Package Manager)- it comes with Nodejs installation. It is a package manager that allows developers to access millions of packages to add more functionalities to a simple app. You can simply install a package for any functionality and use it within your app without developing it from scratch.

Built on Chrome’s V8 engine- it is the reason that Node.js is extremely powerful, efficient, and fast, allowing faster execution of JS code while handling heavy applications with great ease.

Benefits of Using Node.js for Your Business

High performance- Node.js can handle multiple concurrent requests without consuming many resources, making it suitable for developing applications that require high performance and scalability. The V8 engine improves performance and response time. PayPal reduced its response time by 35% using Node.js.

Improves developer's experience- with Node.js, developers can easily use the programming language (JavaScript) to create both backend and frontend. It means developers do not have to switch to another language and frameworks. Node.js has a large ecosystem that allows developers to create a wider range of applications, improving developer’s experience.

Cost-efficient development- Node.js can save up to 58% of development costs. As it can handle many requests at the same time, it requires less resources. It lets you reuse the code, reducing time-to-market and development expenses. This is why, Node.js has become the go-to option for businesses that need cost-efficient yet powerful modern-age solutions.

Growing community- since 2009, Node.js has grown with strong community support. This community has contributed towards Node.js improvements, making it a better technology to meet modern-age development needs. As a developer, you will find packages and libraries to stay ahead by incorporating the latest trends in web app development.

Easy deployment and hosting- Node.js makes it easy to deploy applications on cloud platforms like Heroku, AWS, and Azure. These services simplify the deployment process, allowing businesses to scale their apps as their user base grows. With hosting providers tailored for Node.js, companies can install and manage their apps with minimal setup and maintenance.

Disadvantages of Node.js

Performance bottleneck- Node.js is great at handling many requests at once. But the challenge is, that it uses a single thread to process tasks, impacting performance when dealing with complex calculations. These tasks can create a "bottleneck," slowing down the entire system.

Limited support for databases- Node.js was first created to work with web apps, which meant it didn't support many databases except for MongoDB. It might find it difficult to use Node.js with other types of databases or in different kinds of applications. It limits its flexibility in some cases.

Callback hell- Node.js uses asynchronous tasks and callbacks, but this can make the code messy and hard to follow, especially in complex apps. When callbacks are nested too many times, it creates a "callback hell," that is difficult to manage.

Memory leaks- Node.js relies on a garbage collector to manage memory, but sometimes has memory leaks. It means they don't release memory properly, resulting in performance issues and making the app unstable.

Despite its challenges, top brands like LinkedIn, eBay, Netflix, GoDaddy, Groupon, Uber, NASA, and Walmart, use Node.js for seamless experiences. Today. More than 1 million websites use Node.js.

Source

What is Next.js?

GitHub- 127k stars and 3500+ contributors.

As a new technology in the market, Next.js has gained much popularity since 2017. 17.9% of developers prefer it. Unlike Node.js, Next.js is a React-based server-side rendering framework.

Source

Here are a few things you must know about Next.js.

Developed by Vercel

Open-source framework

Used for creating server-side rendered (SSR) apps and static site generation (SSG) web apps

Based on the principle of “Build once, runs everywhere”

Offers unique features like route pre-fetching and automatic code splitting

built on top of React and runs on top of Node

Offers tools and features for building high-performance, scalable, and optimized web applications.

Improves developer's experience to build fast and efficient web applications

Features of Next.js

Here are some key features of Next.js.

App Directory (New File System Routing)- The new App directory introduces a new file-based routing system, which offers better flexibility and improved server-side rendering (SSR). It allows developers to organize components and pages more efficiently and to define layouts that are shared across different pages. This feature is part of the move towards a more modular and composable approach to building applications.

Source

React Server Components (RSC)- it allows developers to render some parts of the app on the server and send only the required HTML to the client. This results in faster page loads and better SEO, as the server can handle complex logic. Server components allow for a more optimized rendering process, minimizing the amount of JavaScript sent to the client.

Automatic code splitting- Next.js automatically splits your code into smaller parts, so only the necessary CSS and JavaScript files are loaded for each page. This makes the files smaller and helps the page load faster. As a result, developers can build fast and efficient web apps with Next.js.

Edge Functions & Middleware- Edge Functions are small, fast-running server-side functions deployed closer to the user on the edge network, improving performance, especially for globally distributed applications. Middleware runs on the edgel, allowing developers to handle tasks like authentication, redirects, and A/B testing with low latency.

Source

Image Optimization Enhancements- it automatically optimizes images based on the user's device and network conditions. The latest updates have improved performance and flexibility in how images are handled, with automatic WebP conversion and better support for blur-up effects.

Hybrid Rendering- With Next.js, developers can use different types of rendering approaches- SSR (server-side rendering), SSG (static site generation), and CSR (client-side rendering) within a single app for optimizing performance, SEO, and user experience.

API Routes- Next.js allows you to create backend API endpoints directly within the project, enabling full-stack development without needing a separate server. This makes building complex applications easier by simplifying data fetching, processing, and handling.

Better SEO and Head Management- Head Management improvements in Next.js allow developers to control meta tags, titles, and other important SEO elements more efficiently. This helps in improving SEO by making the meta tags dynamic and context-specific.

Webpack 5 Support- Next.js now fully integrates Webpack 5, offering better build performance, improved caching, and support for the latest JavaScript features, resulting in faster builds and smaller bundle sizes.

Turbopack (Alpha)- Turbopack is a new bundler from the creators of Next.js, designed to replace Webpack. It's faster and more efficient, especially for large projects. Currently, in alpha, it promises significantly faster build times and hot module reloading (HMR).

Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR)- This allows developers to update static pages without rebuilding the entire app, ensuring up-to-date content without impacting the speed of static generation.

Benefits of using Next.js

Source

Improved SEO- Next.js can generate fully rendered HTML on the server using Server-Side Rendering (SSR). This means pages load faster and search engines can easily read and rank them. With Static Site Generation (SSG), pages are pre-built as static HTML during the build, making them even faster and better for SEO.

Blazing fast speed and performance- Next.js has helped streaming app Twitch to reduce its initial load time by 50%. It uses many features like SSR, SGR, and automatic code splitting to load pages quickly and offer a smooth user experience.

Accessibility- due to SSR, web apps have more accessibility. Users can use a reader screen to access the web page content easily.

Improved developer’s experience- Next.js features like a flexible and powerful routing system, an optimized build system, and a large ecosystem of resources, tools, and libraries, lead to the developer’s productivity and experience to build more robust apps.

Enhanced security- as Next.js SSG pre-generates the content and serves the static HTML file. It reduces the risk of security vulnerabilities and attacks.

Disadvantages of Next.js

Complexity- Next.js has many powerful features, but setting it up can be tricky, especially for new developers. It might take longer to get started and configure everything, which can slow down development.

Browser Compatibility- Next.js uses modern JavaScript, which may not work well with older web browsers. Developers need to make sure their app works on the browsers their users are likely to use.

Dependency on React- Next.js is built on React, so you need to understand React well to use Next.js effectively. If you're new to React, this can be challenging.

Next.js can be used to build many different types of projects, such as:

Complex Web Applications

Web Platforms

Multi-Market Solutions

Advanced eCommerce and Retail Platforms

SaaS Products

Interactive User Interfaces

This is why brands like Nike, Hulu, Binance, Twitch, TikTok, and Vercel use Next.js for better performance.

Next.js vs. Node.js: Detailed Comparision

Here is a detailed Next.js vs Node.js comparison.

1. Next.js vs Node.js performance

Web Performance is necessary to keep users engaged. About 40% of online users tend to leave a website that takes longer than three seconds to load.

Node.js is a suitable option for building fast apps as it can handle many tasks at once. It uses an event-driven system, meaning it doesn’t get “stuck” waiting for things to happen. To make your code even faster, you can write asynchronous code that lets multiple tasks run at the same time. Node.js also helps you store and retrieve data efficiently and can avoid issues like memory leaks. Tools like caching and content delivery networks (CDNs) improve load times by serving files closer to users. For high-traffic apps, load balancing spreads the work across multiple servers.

Next.js is a framework built on top of React that makes websites even faster. It has built-in tools for improving performance, like lazy loading images and loading pages in the background for smoother transitions. It also lets you control SEO elements like page metadata, helping search engines understand your content better.

For large apps, Next.js provides monitoring tools to track performance and identify issues before they cause problems. It also includes a bundle analyzer to help you reduce the size of your app and send only the necessary data to the browser. By using CDNs to serve static files, Next.js helps further speed up your site.

2. Next.js vs Node.js scalability

Scalability in web apps means making sure your app can handle many users at once without slowing down or costing too much. It’s about increasing app performance as more people use it, without using too many resources. However, scalability differs from response time—your app can handle many requests but still take longer to respond, or it can respond quickly but struggle with heavy traffic.

In Node.js, scalability challenges include serving files, scheduling tasks, and using resources effectively. To solve these:

Use a CDN (Content Delivery Network) like CloudFront to serve files faster.

For repeating tasks, use a task scheduler like Agenda.js instead of basic timers.

Use Node.js clustering to divide the work between multiple processes, improving performance without overloading.

For Next.js, scalability is achieved by:

Caching: Use CDNs for static content, server-side caching for dynamic content, and client-side caching for API calls.

Load Balancing: Spread user traffic across multiple servers to avoid overloading.

Optimizing Databases: Use techniques like indexing, query optimization, and caching to reduce database load.

Auto-Scaling: Set up your app to automatically add or remove server instances based on traffic or usage.

3. Node.js vs Next.js: Development Speed

Node.js provides a basic platform to build server-side applications using JavaScript. You have to set up a lot of things manually, like routing, handling requests, and serving static files. This means you have more flexibility, but takes more time to set up and develop the app from scratch.

Next.js: It is a framework built on top of Node.js and React. It offers many built-in features like server-side rendering (SSR), static site generation (SSG), routing, and image optimization. These features make development faster because a lot of common tasks are already handled for you. You don’t have to set up everything from scratch, so you can focus more on building the app itself.

Next.js is faster for development because it provides ready-made tools and features, while Node.js gives you more flexibility but requires more setup.

4. Node.js or Next.js for frontend

Node.js: Node.js is mainly used for backend development, meaning it runs on the server to handle things like saving data to a database, managing user logins, and processing API requests. While it can be used to build parts of the front end (like rendering web pages on the server), it's not specifically designed for that purpose.

Next.js: Next.js is a framework built on top of React and is specifically designed for front-end development. It helps you build fast websites with features like server-side rendering (SSR) and static site generation (SSG). These features make websites faster and better for SEO (search engine optimization). Next.js also makes it easier to manage routing (pages) and other common frontend tasks.

If you're building a website's frontend (what users see and interact with), Next.js is the better choice because it’s made for that. Node.js is mostly for backend work, but it can help with some frontend tasks if needed.

5. Routing

Routing is like a map for your website. When a user asks for a specific page (like by typing a URL), routing decides where the request should go and what should be shown in response. It helps direct the user's request to the right place in your application.

There are two main ways to handle routing in Node.js: with a framework or without one.

With a Framework (like Express.js): Express is the most popular framework in Node.js for routing. It makes things easier by giving you a set of tools to handle routing quickly. You can use methods to define routes (like /home or /about), and each route can have a function that runs when someone visits that page. For example, if someone goes to /home, the app will show the homepage content.

Without a Framework: If you don't use a framework, you have to build your own server and routing system. You'll manually handle the URLs and decide what happens when a user visits different pages.

Next.js Routing: In Next.js, routing is simpler. It uses a file-based routing system. This means that every file you put in the pages folder automatically becomes a route. For example, if you create a file called about.js, Next.js will automatically link it to /about on your website. This system also handles dynamic pages, where parts of the URL can change based on data, like showing a user’s profile page based on their ID.

6. Developers experience

Developer experience (DX) is about how easy and enjoyable it is for developers to work with tools and technologies. If tools are good, developers can build things faster and with fewer problems.

Node.js and Next.js both focus on improving the developer experience in different ways:

Node.js: Node.js lets developers create anything they need, but it can be a bit complex at first. It has NPM, a huge library of tools and packages, making it easy to find solutions for problems. While it’s flexible, beginners might find it tricky until they get used to it.

Next.js: Next.js is simpler and more ready-to-use. It helps build fast websites with features like SEO-friendly pages and easy routing. It does a lot of the work for you, so you don’t have to set things up manually. It’s great for developers who want to build apps quickly without dealing with too many details.

When to Use: Next.js vs. Node.js

Use Next.js when:

E-commerce Websites: Real-time updates, fast performance, and SEO optimization.

Marketing Websites: Highly optimized for fast loading and SEO to attract visitors.

Portfolio Sites: Ideal for showcasing projects and personal portfolios with great performance.

Blogs: Use for content-heavy websites with SEO and fast page loads.

Entertainment & News Apps: Perfect for media-heavy applications with incremental static generation.

Community-driven Websites: Platforms with user-generated content (e.g., forums, social media).

Booking Apps: Websites that require fast interactions and real-time data updates.

Documentation Sites: Ideal for creating fast, SEO-friendly, and easy-to-update documentation.

Information Hubs: Centralized websites for information aggregation and display.

Auction Sites: Real-time data and quick updates, perfect for online auctions.

Minimum Viable Products (MVPs): Quickly build and deploy scalable MVPs with Next.js.

SaaS Platforms: Create fast, scalable, and SEO-friendly SaaS products.

Data Dashboards: Build real-time, data-driven dashboards with fast performance.

Web Portals: For user management, data access, and real-time updates.

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs): Build fast, offline-capable applications for mobile and desktop.

Use Node.js when:

Backend Services: Build and manage server-side applications, APIs, and databases.

Microservices: Create modular and scalable backend architectures for large applications.

APIs: Develop robust RESTful or GraphQL APIs for web and mobile apps.

Real-time Applications: Ideal for building collaborative platforms (e.g., Google Docs), message applications, streaming services, and online gaming apps.

Big Data Analytics: Handle large-scale data processing and analysis.

Wireless Connectivity: Power IoT devices and manage communication with wireless systems.

Web Scraping: Extract data from websites for analytics or aggregation.

Command Line Tools: Create custom CLI tools for automating tasks.

Single-Page Applications (SPA): Build fast and dynamic SPAs using Node.js for backend services.

Internet of Things (IoT): Use Node.js to connect and manage IoT devices and sensors efficiently.

Conclusion

As highlighted earlier, both Node.js and Next.js bring distinct advantages to web development. Next.js, built on React, stands out as a powerful alternative to Node.js for developing fast, dynamic applications. It offers a complete toolset with easy setup, routing, and an enhanced developer experience.

In contrast, Node.js serves as a runtime environment designed for building scalable, real-time applications using an event-driven, non-blocking model. When used together, Node.js and Next.js enable the creation of full-stack web applications, with JavaScript at the heart of the development process.

The choice is completely requirement-based. To build powerful Node.js web applications, connect with a leading app development company. OnGraph sets out to deliver advanced solutions by staying ahead of trends to meet modern-age requirements.

Connect with our experts to make highly performance web apps.

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#Next.jsvsNode.js #Node.jsvsNext.jsperformance #Next.jscomparisonwithNode.js #Whichisbetter #Next.jsorNodeJS?#DoesNext.jsreplaceNodeJS?#Isnext.jsfrontendorbackend?#WillNodeJSbediscontinued?

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lektursam · 7 months ago

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Linux dan UNIX: Apa Bedanya?

Halo Pembaca! Banyak miskonsepsi yang selama ini kita salah pahami seputar Linux dan sistem operasi pendahulunya, UNIX. Walaupun sekilas kedua sistem operasi ini tampak mirip, namun terdapat beberapa perbedaan signifikan di antara keduanya. Dalam artikel ini, penulis merangkum poin-poin utama yang menjadi perbedaan sistem operasi Linux dan UNIX. 1. Linus Torvalds vs. AT&T Linux diciptakan oleh…

#GNU #GNU Linux #Linux #sejarah #sistem operasi #UNIX

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bibek21 · 9 months ago

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C++ and Java Development Services

C++ and Java Development Services C++ is a very powerful general-purpose programming language. It is being widely used now-a-days by C++ java programmers for competitive programming. It has an imperative, object-oriented, and generic programming feature. C++ usually runs on lots of platforms like Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac, etc. C++ is a very versatile language and can interface any programming language on any system. It can run and compile the code very smoothly and effectively. Since C++ is a combination of both high- and low-level features, it offers great performance and speed. This language is loved by programmers as it gives complete control over their code. C++ has almost every possible feature that a developer could ever wish for such as- multiple inheritances, templates, operator overloading, pre-processor commands, and many more such features. C++ Java Programmers Before moving to the C++ Java Programmers, we should know the basic differences between C++ and Java. These two are quite similar in certain basic terms of syntax. It means Java and C++ have quite a similar syntax for basic concepts. The basic constructs like, “if statements”, loops, function syntax, switch-case statements of C++ are valid for Java as well. However, other notions such as the syntax for comments and the idea of static class variables are also used in both Java and C++. There are some noticeable differences between the languages. Once you use cout/cin for output/input in C++ or printf/scanf in C, you’ll be able to make specific comparisons between Java and C++. The syntax for C++ classes is, however, not the same as the syntax for Java classes, except for certain basics. The templates used in C++, are in some ways even better than Java generics. It is because they are computed at the compiling time. Though both C++ and Java allow basic parameterized types, yet the syntax for templates differs from Java generics. Differences between C++ and Java

Toolset and compilation model: A Java VM and a Java compiler are required in Java and the Java compiler produces files that are easily understood by VM. Whereas you don’t need any VM in C++. In the case of CPP, you can individually compile source files into object files and the process of creating the EXE file is called linking which is similar to the creation of JAR file in Java.

The C pre-processor vs. Import: Java uses imports and does not have a pre-processor. It imports statements to include references from the Java class library. Whereas in the case of C++, header files are included that provide declarations for library objects.

Memory Allocations: Java automatically frees the memory that is no longer used but in the case of C++, you have to de-allocate the memory that was allocated previously.

Security: Java was designed for security purposes, as everything is networked and it deals with thousands of threats. Java has various interesting features like range-checked arrays, immutable strings, auto-resizing containers, and garbage collection which prevent common security problems like double-free attacks and buffer overflow. But you have to be very careful and security conscious when you are working with C++. C++ and Java Development Services Java and CPP both are meant to improvise your productivity. However, you can identify the similarities and differences among both the application by keeping an eye on the memory management as well as a functional class library.

C++ only comes into the picture while you are working on a large application and you need low-level language features to write back-end codes giving importance to the performance as well. Whereas Java is quite a less actively developed language but it has the largest ecosystem in terms of various libraries as well as third party products.

Java should be used for back-end development since it will give you a variety of options in terms of platforms. CPP though a popular language, yet essentially limits you to Windows. Hence, C++ is hardly used for web application development purposes.

C++ network programming is most widely used as a high-performance application providing language. It is the only industrial language that is built around this concept of Scope Bound Resource Management (SBRM) which is otherwise called RAII. Whereas Java is widely adopted because it can be run securely on nearly any platform regardless of the architecture of the device or the operating system provided the system has Java Runtime Environment (JRE) installed.

C++ provides lifetimes for all objects. It also guarantees that resources are obtained and released conclusively. Whereas, Java is quite a simpler platform as compared to CPP and it allows its programmers to provide more services and improvise end-user productivity, communication, as well as collaboration. Hence, C++ Java programmers have the combining benefits of both Java as well as C++ by which the gaps of one language will be filled by the other. A CPP Java programmer has the power and ability to conduct any provided test using both languages to reduce the cost as well as the complexity. Responsibilities of C++ Java Developers CPP Java development services allow its developers to carry out the following duties –

Construct server-side applications for stores, online forums, polls, HTML forms processing, and many more thing.

Structure programs that can run within a defined web browser and can access available web services.

Write software on any particular platform and run it virtually on any other platform.

Combine applications or services that are using the Java or C++ language to create highly customized applications or services having the benefits of both the language, Java as well as C++.

Create powerful and efficient applications suitable for remote processors, microcontrollers, mobile phones, wireless modules, sensors, gateways, consumer products, and practically any other electronic device. OdiTek’s C++ Services Offerings Full-cycle C, C++ software development services from Oditek are tailored to specific requirements. Whether you are looking to develop, upgrade, modernize or support and maintain C, C++ based applications and product solutions, OdiTek’s development team has over 15 years of experience to efficiently assist you no matter what environments or development platforms you are using. 1.Custom Software and Application development

Maintenance and support of new or legacy applications developed in C, C# or C++

Development and optimization of high-performing software or product solutions

Cross-Platform Application development

C or C++ Server-Side Software development

Hardware-specific software solutions

Extensions, 3rd parties integrations and Plugins Conclusion While technology is continuously evolving it seems that only language will not be sufficient for a developer to modify or build any application. To bring creativity and provide the users with a better experience, two or more applications should be mastered together by the developers. The potential C++ Java Programmers are already ahead of this thing because they can consistently upgrade the present model to be competitive enough to perfectly fit into modern technological standards. OdiTek Solutions have prospective developers who are well-experienced with CPP and Java language to provide you with software development for a wide variety of applications in various industries. To Know More about cpp and java check our website:-OdiTek

#software

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this-week-in-rust · 10 months ago

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This Week in Rust 563

Hello and welcome to another issue of This Week in Rust! Rust is a programming language empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software. This is a weekly summary of its progress and community. Want something mentioned? Tag us at @ThisWeekInRust on X (formerly Twitter) or @ThisWeekinRust on mastodon.social, or send us a pull request. Want to get involved? We love contributions.

This Week in Rust is openly developed on GitHub and archives can be viewed at this-week-in-rust.org. If you find any errors in this week's issue, please submit a PR.

Want TWIR in your inbox? Subscribe here.

Updates from Rust Community

Official

Security advisory for the standard library (CVE-2024-43402)

Newsletters

This Month in Rust OSDev: August 2024

This Week In Bevy - Required Components, Curves, and the Bevy CLI Working Group

Project/Tooling Updates

FreeBSD considers Rust in the base system

GCC Rust - August 2024 Monthly report

This month in Servo: tabbed browsing, Windows buffs, devtools, and more!

iroh 0.24.0 - Upgrading to Quinn 11

Swiftide 0.9 - Fluvio, Lancedb and RAGAS support

Next-gen builder macro Bon 2.1 release 🎉. Compilation is faster by 36% 🚀

Nutype 0.5.0: the newtype with guarantees supports custom errors now

BackON Reaches v1

Observations/Thoughts

Defeating Coherence in Rust with Tacit Trait Parameters

Rust On Illumos

Rust for Linux revisited

Async Rust can be a pleasure to work with (without Send + Sync + 'static)

Rust - A low-level echo server using io_uring

Deploying Rust in Existing Firmware Codebases

Your own little memory strategy

Code Generation with GraphQL in Rust

How to deadlock Tokio application in Rust with just a single mutex

Is this trait sealed, or not sealed — that is the question

Beyond Ctrl-C: The dark corners of Unix signal handling

Rust to Assembly: Understanding the Inner Workings of Rust

K-Means Image Compression

Hey Rustaceans: Rust freelancers do exist!

Why Rust needs scoped generics

Rust Walkthroughs

[series] [video] Rust for Beginners in Arabic

[video] Crafting an Interpreter in Rust #01: Basic Bytecode Chunks

[video] Crafting an Interpreter in Rust #02: First Virtual Machine

[video] Explore Linux TTY, process, signals w/ Rust - Part 2/3 (signal, proc, IPC egs)

Miscellaneous

Whither the Apple AGX graphics driver?

Counting iterations - count() vs collect().len()

[audio] Learn Rust, Train Doctors – Interview With Caroline Morton

[video] Creating a modding system with Rust and WebAssembly [Voxel Devlog #21]

[video] From Zero to Async in Embedded Rust

Crate of the Week

This week's crate is vimania-uri-rs, a VIM plugin for file and URI handling.

Thanks to sysid for the self-suggestion!

Please submit your suggestions and votes for next week!

Calls for Testing

An important step for RFC implementation is for people to experiment with the implementation and give feedback, especially before stabilization. The following RFCs would benefit from user testing before moving forward:

RFCs

No calls for testing were issued this week.

Rust

No calls for testing were issued this week.

Rustup

No calls for testing were issued this week.

If you are a feature implementer and would like your RFC to appear on the above list, add the new call-for-testing label to your RFC along with a comment providing testing instructions and/or guidance on which aspect(s) of the feature need testing.

Call for Participation; projects and speakers

CFP - Projects

Always wanted to contribute to open-source projects but did not know where to start? Every week we highlight some tasks from the Rust community for you to pick and get started!

Some of these tasks may also have mentors available, visit the task page for more information.

If you are a Rust project owner and are looking for contributors, please submit tasks here or through a PR to TWiR or by reaching out on X (formerly Twitter) or Mastodon!

CFP - Events

Are you a new or experienced speaker looking for a place to share something cool? This section highlights events that are being planned and are accepting submissions to join their event as a speaker.

If you are an event organizer hoping to expand the reach of your event, please submit a link to the website through a PR to TWiR or by reaching out on X (formerly Twitter) or Mastodon!

Updates from the Rust Project

416 pull requests were merged in the last week

ABI compat check: detect unadjusted ABI mismatches

rustc_target: Add various aarch64 features

ub_checks intrinsics: fall back to cfg(ub_checks)

add aarch64_unknown_nto_qnx700 target - QNX 7.0 support for aarch64le

add needs-unwind compiletest directive to libtest-thread-limit and replace some Path with path in run-make

add an ability to convert between Span and visit::Location

add missing needs-llvm-components directives for run-make tests that need target-specific codegen

add repr to the allowlist for naked functions

const fn stability checking: also check declared language features

const-eval: do not make UbChecks behavior depend on current crate's flags

coverage: rename CodeRegion to SourceRegion

create opaque definitions in resolver

debug-fmt-detail option

deny wasm_c_abi lint to nudge the last 25%

deny imports of rustc_type_ir::inherent outside of type ir + new trait solver

do not call source_span when not tracking dependencies

don't make statement nonterminals match pattern nonterminals

don't use TyKind in a lint

emit specific message for time<=0.3.35

enable Miri to pass pointers through FFI

exit: explain our expectations for the exit handlers registered in a Rust program

expand NLL MIR dumps

fix LLVM ABI NAME for riscv64imac-unknown-nuttx-elf

get rid of predicates_defined_on

implement a first version of RFC 3525: struct target features

interpret, codegen: tweak some comments and checks regarding Box with custom allocator

interpret/visitor: make memory order iteration slightly more efficient

interpret: add missing alignment check in raw_eq

interpret: do not make const-eval query result depend on tcx.sess

linker: synchronize native library search in rustc and linker

lint that warns when an elided lifetime ends up being a named lifetime (elided_named_lifetimes)

llvm-wrapper: adapt for LLVM API changes

make decoding non-optional LazyArray panic if not set

make it possible to enable const_precise_live_drops per-function

make the "detect-old-time" UI test more representative

make the const-unstable-in-stable error more clear

more unreachable_pub

move 'tcx lifetime off of impl and onto methods for CrateMetadataRef

move the Windows remove_dir_all impl into a module and make it more race resistant

process.rs: remove "Basic usage" text where not useful

re-enable android tests/benches in alloc/core

refactor: standardize duplicate processes in parser

rename BikeshedIntrinsicFrom to TransmuteFrom

replace walk with visit so we dont skip outermost expr kind in def collector

rewrite lint_expectations in a single pass

riscv64imac: allow shadow call stack sanitizer

separate core search logic with search ui

simplify some extern providers

std: move allocators to sys

stop storing a special inner body for the coroutine by-move body for async closures

stop using ty::GenericPredicates for non-predicates_of queries

tweak some attributes to improve panic_immediate_abort

use a reduced recursion limit in the MIR inliner's cycle breaker

use equality when relating formal and expected type in arg checking

use unsafe extern blocks throughout the compiler

wasi: fix sleeping for Duration::MAX

miri: add tokio io test

miri: make TB tree traversal bottom-up

miri: make Tree Borrows Provenance GC compact the tree

miri: support blocking for epoll

apply size optimizations to panic machinery and some cold functions

derive(SmartPointer): assume pointee from the single generic and better error messages

add fmt::Debug to sync::Weak<T, A>

add missing read_buf stub for x86_64-unknown-l4re-uclibc

allow BufReader::peek to be called on unsized types

core: use compare_bytes for more slice element types

fix Pin::set bounds regression

improved checked_isqrt and isqrt methods

partially stabilize feature(new_uninit)

hashbrown: add HashTable::iter_hash, HashTable::iter_hash_mut

cargo: resolve: Report incompatible-with-rustc when MSRV-resolver is disabled

cargo: resolve: Report incompatible packages with precise Rust version

cargo: pkgid: Allow open namespaces in PackageIdSpec's

cargo: fix elided lifetime

rustfmt: implement 2024 expression overflowing

clippy: extend implicit_saturating_sub lint

clippy: new lint: zombie_processes

clippy: remove feature=cargo-clippy argument

rust-analyzer: extra sugar auto-completion async fn ... in impl trait for async fn in trait that's defined in desugar form

rust-analyzer: fix handling of for in impl T for A in function body

rust-analyzer: add explicit enum discriminant assist

rust-analyzer: do not report missing unsafe on addr_of[_mut]!(EXTERN_OR_MUT_STATIC)

rust-analyzer: create an assist to convert closure to freestanding fn

rust-analyzer: implement cast typecheck and diagnostics

rust-analyzer: implement object safety and its hovering hint

rust-analyzer: suggest name in completion for let_stmt and fn_param

rust-analyzer: support fn-ptr and fn-path types for lifetime elision hints

rust-analyzer: fix incorrect symbol definitions in SCIP output

rust-analyzer: std::error::Error is object unsafe

rust-analyzer: consider field attributes when converting from tuple to named struct and the opposite

rust-analyzer: consider indentation in the "Generate impl" and "Generate trait impl" assists

rust-analyzer: don't add reference when it isn't needed for the "Extract variable" assist

rust-analyzer: fix TokenStream::to_string implementation dropping quotation marks

rust-analyzer: fix lifetime elision inlay hints breaking for ranged requests

rust-analyzer: fix name resolution of shadowed builtin macro

rust-analyzer: handle attributes correctly in "Flip comma"

rust-analyzer: lifetime hint panic in non generic defs

rust-analyzer: use Result type aliases in "Wrap return type in Result" assist

rust-analyzer: provide an option to hide deprecated items from completion

rust-analyzer: recategorize config classes

Rust Compiler Performance Triage

This week we had some trouble with our performance bot, but luckily the issue has been resolved. In the end, we saw much more improvements than regressions.

Triage done by @kobzol. Revision range: acb4e8b6..6199b69c

Summary:

(instructions:u) mean range count Regressions ❌ (primary) 0.3% [0.2%, 0.4%] 8 Regressions ❌ (secondary) 0.7% [0.2%, 1.5%] 9 Improvements ✅ (primary) -0.8% [-3.4%, -0.2%] 158 Improvements ✅ (secondary) -0.7% [-2.3%, -0.2%] 96 All ❌✅ (primary) -0.7% [-3.4%, 0.4%] 166

2 Regressions, 3 Improvements, 1 Mixed; 3 of them in rollups 19 artifact comparisons made in total

Full report here

Approved RFCs

Changes to Rust follow the Rust RFC (request for comments) process. These are the RFCs that were approved for implementation this week:

Add "crates.io: Crate Deletions" RFC

Merge RFC 3529: Add named path bases to cargo

Final Comment Period

Every week, the team announces the 'final comment period' for RFCs and key PRs which are reaching a decision. Express your opinions now.

RFCs

No RFCs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Tracking Issues & PRs

Rust

[disposition: merge] Update catch_unwind doc comments for c_unwind

[disposition: merge] stabilize const_extern_fn

[disposition: merge] stabilize const_float_bits_conv

[disposition: merge] Make destructors on extern "C" frames to be executed

[disposition: merge] Don't warn empty branches unreachable for now

[disposition: merge] Tracking Issue for char::MIN

[disposition: merge] Tracking issue for #![feature(entry_insert)]

Cargo

No Cargo Tracking Issues or PRs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Language Team

No Language Team Tracking Issues or PRs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Language Reference

No Language Reference RFCs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Unsafe Code Guidelines

No Unsafe Code Guideline Tracking Issues or PRs entered Final Comment Period this week.

New and Updated RFCs

[new] [RFC] code name support

[new] Generic Integers V2: It's Time

[new] Simplify lightweight clones, including into closures and async blocks

Upcoming Events

Rusty Events between 2024-09-04 - 2024-10-02 🦀

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Indy.rs - Typestate Pattern in Rust: With a Strict Builder Example

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Meetup Rust Septiembre [Spanish]

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Crafting Interpreters in Rust Collaboratively

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Rust Nürnberg online

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Second Tuesday

2024-09-10 - 2024-09-13 | Hybrid: Virtual and In-Person (Montreal, QC, CA) | Rust Conf

Rust Conf 2024

2024-09-12 | Virtual (Berlin, DE) | OpenTechSchool Berlin + Rust Berlin

Rust Hack and Learn | Mirror: Rust Hack n Learn Meetup

2024-09-12 | Virtual (Rotterdam, NL) | Bevy Game Development

Bevy Meetup #6

2024-09-16 | Virtual | Women in Rust

👋 Community Catch Up

2024-09-17 | Virtual (Washington, DC, US) | Rust DC

Mid-month Rustful

2024-09-18 | Virtual and In-Person (Vancouver, BC, CA) | Vancouver Rust

Cells

2024-09-18 - 2024-09-20 | Hybrid - Virtual and In-Person (Vienna, AT) | Linux Plumbers Conference

Rust Microconference in LPC 2024

2024-09-19 | Virtual (Charlottesville, NC, US) | Charlottesville Rust Meetup

Crafting Interpreters in Rust Collaboratively

2024-09-19 | Virtual and In-Person (Seattle, WA, US) | Seattle Rust User Group

September Meetup

2024-09-24 | Virtual (Dallas, TX, US) | Dallas Rust

Last Tuesday

2024-09-26 | Virtual (Charlottesville, NC, US) | Charlottesville Rust Meetup

Rusty secure communication on embedded devices

2024-10-02 | Virtual (Vancouver, BC, CA) | Vancouver Postgres

Leveraging a PL/RUST extension to protect sensitive data in PostgreSQL

Africa

2024-09-06 | Kampala, UG | Rust Circle Kampala

Rust Circle Meetup

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2024-09-07 - 2024-09-08 | Shanghai, CN | Rust China

Rust China Conf: Shanghai

2024-09-09 | Ramat Gan, IL | Coralogix

Rust as Scale

2024-09-14 | Bangalore, IN | Rust Bangalore

September 2024 Rustacean meetup

Europe

2024-09-04 | Oxford, UK | Oxfrod Rust Meetup Group

More Rust - Generics, constraints, safety.

2024-09-11 | Reading, UK | Reading Rust Workshop

Reading Rust Meetup

2024-09-17 | Leipzig, DE | Rust - Modern Systems Programming in Leipzig

Topic TBD

2024-09-17 | Trondheim, NO | Rust Trondheim

Making AI-models perform tasks, in Rust!

2024-09-18 | Moravia, CZ | Rust Moravia

Rust Moravia Meetup (September 2024)

2024-09-18 | Vienna, AT + Virtual | Linux Plumbers Conference

Rust Microconference in LPC 2024 (Sep 18-20)

2024-09-21 | Stockholm, SE | Stockholm Rust

Ferris' Fika Forum #5

2024-09-23 | Bratislava, SK | Bratislava Rust Meetup Group

Rust Meetup by Sonalake #6

2024-09-24 | Stockholm, SE | Stockholm Rust

Rust meetup #70

2024-09-26 | Aarhus, DK | Rust Aarhus

Talk Night

2024-09-27 | Mannheim, DE | Hackerstolz e.V.

Hackerstolz Stammtisch Rhein-Neckar

2024-10-02 | Stockholm, SE | Stockholm Rust

Rust Meetup @Funnel

North America

2024-09-05 | Lehi, UT, US | Utah Rust

Shooting Stars: Create a game from scratch in 25 minutes!

2024-09-05 | Mountain View, CA, US | Mountain View Rust Meetup

Rust Meetup at Hacker Dojo

2024-09-05 | Portland, OR, US | PDX Rust

PDX Rust September!

2024-09-05 | St. Louis, MO, US | STL Rust

Lifetimes

2024-09-07 | Longview, TX, US | Longview Code and Coffee

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2024-09-10 - 2024-09-13 | Hybrid: Virtual and In-Person (Montreal, QC, CA) | Rust Conf

Rust Conf 2024

2024-09-11 | Boulder, CO, US | Boulder Rust Meetup

Boulder Elixir Meetup

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Somerville Union Square Rust Lunch, Sep 16

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If you are running a Rust event please add it to the calendar to get it mentioned here. Please remember to add a link to the event too. Email the Rust Community Team for access.

Jobs

Please see the latest Who's Hiring thread on r/rust

Quote of the Week

I'm pretty sure I'm the only person ever to single handedly write a complex GPU kernel driver that has never had a memory safety kernel panic bug (itself) in production, running on thousands of users' systems for 1.5 years now.

Because I wrote it in Rust.

– Asahi Lina on vt.social

Thanks to Ludwig Stecher for the suggestion!

Please submit quotes and vote for next week!

This Week in Rust is edited by: nellshamrell, llogiq, cdmistman, ericseppanen, extrawurst, andrewpollack, U007D, kolharsam, joelmarcey, mariannegoldin, bennyvasquez.

Email list hosting is sponsored by The Rust Foundation

Discuss on r/rust

#rust-lang #rust #rustlang #twir #long post

1 note · View note

jellyfishtechnologies · 1 year ago

Text

iOS vs. Android App Development: Choosing the Right Platform

In the hustling world of mobile app development, the choice between mobile development platforms plays a pivotal role in the success of your application. Each platform comes with individual strengths and considerations and selecting the right mobile app development platform to close businesses for growth prospects. That’s when consulting an expert app development company becomes crucial.

This article will help you understand what are the fundamentals of iOS vs. Android app development and considerations before making the big decision.

What Is Android?

Android is an open-source operating system primarily designed for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Developed by Google, it is a flexible and customizable platform that allows developers to create a neverending range of applications and services.

Android includes its Linux-based kernel, which serves as the core of the operating system. Its open nature allows developers to modify and customize the Android OS for different devices. The Android ecosystem has a large diversity of devices from various manufacturers running the operating system. An app development company can leverage the ecosystem to help businesses generate more profit.

Popular programming languages for Android applications like Java or Kotlin. The platform supports a variety of apps, including productivity tools, games, and communication apps. Android has gained a strong fanbase and is becoming one of the most popular mobile operating systems worldwide, supporting a majority of smartphones and tablets. Furthermore, it is much easier presently to find the best app development company that provides Android mobile app development services.

What Is iOS?

iOS is the mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. It is specifically designed for Apple's mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. iOS is known for its user-friendly interface and seamless integration with other Apple products and services.

The iOS mobile app platform includes a tight-bound ecosystem, where Apple controls the hardware and software and regulates their integration. This leads to a consistent and optimized user experience over a span. The operating system is based on a Unix-like kernel and supports numerous security measures, safeguarding user data.

Apple's programming languages, such as Swift and Objective-C are primarily used for building iOS applications by the top app development company. The applications for iOS devices are distributed through the App Store and usually undergo an in-depth review process to maintain quality and security standards.

Apple regularly updates the iOS mobile development platform, introducing new features, enhancements, and security enhancements. The seamless integration between iOS devices and other Apple products, such as Mac computers and Apple Watch, is a notable trait of the ecosystem. In short, iOS is popular for its stability, performance, and emphasis on user privacy.

iOS or Android—Which Is Better?

Let’s now compare which mobile app development platform is better and provides an upper hand over the other. Top mobile app development services are versed in the nuances between these two platforms, which helps them be decisive and select the suitable platform for their business clients.

As we are aware, an online business starts with a great-looking mobile app that responds well to navigation too. To achieve that, implementing the most relevant features and incorporating device-compatible functionalities are crucial.

Let’s begin with the discussion, about which is better, Android or iOS.

User Base

Only due to its premium user experience and high functionalities, iOS boasts a dedicated and opulent user base anticipating new features and willing to be extravagant. Apple devices simplify testing and optimization but may limit potential market reach due to the uniformity.

The diversity of devices and manufacturers poses challenges for app compatibility, but it provides an expansive user base and a larger global market share, especially in emerging markets.

Development Environment

Xcode, Apple's integrated development environment (IDE) provides robust and user-friendly tools for iOS app development. The closed ecosystem supports smoother app submission processes that ensure a consistent user experience.

Android Studio, Google's official IDE, offers a flexible environment. The open nature of the Android platform grants developers more control but requires careful testing to ensure compatibility across a wide range of devices.

Design Guidelines and User Interface

Apple's Human Interface Guidelines (HIG) focuses on sleek designs, keeping them minimal. Developers benefit from a consistent design language, that transforms them into visually appealing and intuitive applications.

Google's design language for Android—Material Design prioritizes a responsive and adaptive UI. Developers are free to customize meticulously while maintaining a cohesive visual identity across different devices.

Monetization Strategies

The App Store—store for Apple’s applications is known for higher average revenue per user (ARPU). As a result, the App Store is attracting a suitable platform for premium and in-app purchase models. The stringent review process may delay app deployment, however, the top app development company can help businesses overcome the compliance challenges that may hinder the app’s deployment in the store.

Google’s Play Store openness ensures faster deployment but ad-supported and freemium models dominate the store. However, diversity in Android’s user base adds both advantages and challenges for effective monetization.

Fragmentation Challenges

Apple has a controlled ecosystem that minimizes device fragmentation and promises consistent performance across a limited range of devices. This uncomplicates app development and maintenance.

The wide range of device manufacturers and versions can lead to fragmentation challenges on Android. Thorough testing and assessment on multiple devices are crucial to deliver a seamless experience to users.

Accessibility and Innovation

Apple's close-bound ecosystem enables faster adoption of emerging technologies and features. Developers can leverage cutting-edge innovations in hardware and software to deliver top-notch user experience.

Android's open nature encourages innovation, allowing developers to experiment and recreate the latest technologies. However, the adoption of new features may be device-related constraints and may impact the overall user experience.

Conclusion

Finally, the selection between iOS and Android app development considers factors like specific goals, target audience, financial constraints, design preferences, development environments, monetization strategies, and resources of the developer and businesses. While iOS boasts of a streamlined and wealth-enriched user base, Android claims a more extensive global reach.

Striking the right balance ensures that your app not only thrives on its chosen platform but also delivers a seamless experience to users. The perfect balance fosters the long-term success of the application in the competitive arena of mobile applications and unlocks prospects.

#ios app development #android #android app development #ios

0 notes

briliantbrando97-blog · 2 years ago

Text

Programming notes

1) Project Modal the project is supposed to be able to transition with a button press

2) Project Pomodor isn't working at all/incomplete

3) Project Personal Website It's bland and the css page isn't working at all

4) Project Navbar Incomplete

5) Project quizgame Bland,not resposive,and css page not responding

6) Project Review Carousel Not responsive

7) Project sidebar Complete failer

8) Project survey bland

9) Project calculator success but could be better

10) Project addressbook unresposive

11) Project FaQ the project is incomplete constant repeating not in the way wanted bland

12) Project stciky navigation bar Didn't work at all final product came out like an article for the newspapaer thinking this is either 1)My laptip is trash 2) software needs to be updated

13) Project Resturant I made it simpistic but even if edded features from the tutuorial don't know if possible with either the laptop or an outdated vs ide

14) Project Tabs As per usual the tabs aren't appearing like in the tutuorial. I beleive it has something to do with the link that I didn't use.Or better yet addess the elephant in the computer for some reason the code isn't hhiding itself like in the tutorial so it's basiclly the same as yesterday's project.The conent should basiclly be nested behind one another.

*So I think I shouls take a day off from coding and finally update viusula studios.Apart of me feelis like an ass continuing event though it's not coming out right *as of 3/31/23 updated

15) Project Simongame after updating the ide i somehow gained another ide version of vs. the code is semi-acting up but i belive its on me and choose to slow down on this project because the tutorial guy is showing his mistakes showing a thought/problem-solving i miss rethonking my learning approach

16) Project Musicplayer *Previewing a file that is not a child of the server root. To see fully correct relative file links, please open a workspace at the project root or consider changing your server root settings for Live Preview. -decided to miimic the mp3 skull website for the project and after completion to saticfaction I plan on watching a tutorial to findout the differentces -the website can be broken down into I. two major containers II.about 5 lists III. 3 paragraphs IV. 2 -3search bars I also which to add tabs Taking longer than I thought it would but it's apparent to me that the problem lies in the div classes and compartmentalizing the aspects of the website into classes for better control.I have been making this harder for myself. I beleive the best course of action is to reread w3school and do simple projects using tags I don't use or understand often after this project. I stareted to get a better feel for web development but still aways to go with html and css

*I want to hit over a 100(150-200) projects before moving on to hacking,machine-learning,AI's and algrothims *ultmainte end game is to have an acquired skill that not only puts money in my pocket but allows me to map major citites *approprate termanoligy is nested div tags

17)blog website replica (yola) got the basics of the site down but the css is stomping me so essintay in a sense I have gone nowhere

*the background image,all images refuse to load

*the loading of thge background images is not working because i am not communicating to the right folder,

*the folder that I need to communicate with is either one abouve or ine over either or It's a pain to try and learn the proper technique and describe the issue correctly into the search engine

The problem comes down to not beeing able to move effectivly thorough files just like in hacking *sections tag to divide the web-site

-now the plan is to alter the json file to allow me permisson to the image folder after the link didnt work else play with bash for other alterations to the file In Unix-based systems like Linux and macOS, the user can use the “sudo” command to run the command with administrative privileges. In Windows, the user can right-click the Command Prompt or PowerShell and select “Run as administrator”.

Some key takeaways are given below that will help you get rid of the error efficiently:

The error message permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir indicates that the user does not have the necessary permissions to create a directory in the specified location. The location in question is “/usr/local/frameworks” which may be a protected system directory or owned by another user. To resolve the issue, the user may need to change the permissions on the directory or run the command as an administrator or superuser. They may have to re-install the python dictionary as well. In some cases, it may also be necessary to check if the directory already exists, and if so, delete it before attempting to create it again

Problems: 1)background image wouldn't load -solution attempt one:fix the syntax successful in connecting css to html page -learned about file paths only for it not to affect anything,nor Bash commands to transfer ownership of file -brandonostewart is user and owner/group so why not work -terminal states I don't have permission or excess to file -image files is above linux files can't acess,no permisson,doesn't excess in list function in terminal -I now believe all the problems I'm facing now is because i didn't have the laptop fully setup I just jumped right in -everythiong has perseduers,a setup,order a recipie -vmc container termina penguin ERROR vsh: [vsh.cc(171)] Failed to launch vshd for termina:penguin: requested container does not exist: penguin I beleive at this current step the problem lies in the fact there is no container,this means all work was setup in space I was building on nothing and it appears obviuos that I have reached the ceiling. As i see it I only have two options left 1) powerwash and start over from scratch 2) take the neccesary steps regardless of how far back it sends me in order to setup each individual aspect of chromebook

18)ToDo list I got it to work but the trade off was all my linux files got deleted,therefore I'm starting over.

the first project is the simple todo list,I wwant to make this one nicer than the first one I did I plan on adding css and java script so it workes the inistal layout I want is a decorated background with a list that takes off taskes that are finished moving said task fromn one side of the list to the other side of the list This issue I;m currently having is an html issue. From doing some projects the issue I have is always a small technincal detail or syntax issues. The more boxes better control so the issue is what technicallity do I need to insure my list transfer infomation as well as takes info in -I have no idea how to get the program to hold onto input value,then display it.Only thing holding me from finishing right now -I think the problem is I didn't add a display box for the code Where I'm at: Have a basic setup for the website -I need my info to be taken in by the display box -then displayed on the website,once task is done it adds itself to the second half of the website 1)header 2)box1 inital info original diplay 3)box2 where finished task lays -I need display boxes javascript not linking to html page,this was the hurdle that has been fucking me over all day. While syntax is correct the program still hasn't worked problem fro the past reoccured asked for permisson for the javascript file,first it said it didn't exist then I needed permission I still can't get that syntax correct for the terminal

6/01 -since I couldn't get the javascript to work and I restarted all the files in my linux folder my next course of action was to delete vs and try my luck with another ide,plans were holted after putting in my javascript in my repl.it finding out my syntax was indeed wrong

-but now i'm not so sure becasue I tried another basic web design program from youtube with correct syntax and it didn't load correctly somehow I think it's my computer at this point -after re-opening the apllication 2/3 of it worked -this time javascrirpt and html,not css -like with the to do list css,html not javascript -I feel like giving up on full stack development but I have learned to much to not have an Idea on what needs to be done.I can vividly describe and analyze the problem just can't put it together

I am going to start app development on vs and come back to full stack development

6/10 After downloading the framework .Net and discovering the difference between visual studio code and visual studio I wanted to develop at least one of the each programming application made possible with the framework(including machine learning/ai) including but not limited to Flutter development. currently struggling to understandings of the sync capabilities of git hub with visual studio code( what I have) also I saw the flutter development intro video I am really just out of the woods intermediate of beginner and am steadily heading to intermediate currently stuck on trying to finish this web application tutorial terminal commands for web application,branch work

Changes to be committed: (use "git restore --stageg <file>..."to unstage)

Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..."to include in what will be committed)

11/14 since last recordings,my current laptop slowed down it says less memory so i tried transfiring to my tablet for programming which was increadably

#csharp #coding #developer

0 notes

govindhtech · 2 years ago

Text

The origins and development of Kubernetes

Kubernetes, an open-source container orchestration technology, simplifies containerized app and service deployment, administration, and scaling in modern IT infrastructure.

CNCF found that 71% of Fortune 100 companies use Kubernetes for container deployments. Linux is the most popular open-source OS. Explaining how Kubernetes defeated microservices and cloud computing requires context.

Evolution of Kubernetes

In 2013, Google engineers Craig McLuckie, Joe Beda, and Brendan Burns proposed an open-source container management system. Kubernetes, whose name comes from the Ancient Greek for “pilot or “helmsman” (the person at the helm who steers the ship), was born. These tech pioneers wanted to extend Google’s internal infrastructure expertise to large-scale cloud computing and help Google compete with Amazon Web Services (AWS), the cloud industry leader.

Traditional vs. virtual IT infrastructure

To understand the history of Kubernetes (also known as “Kube” or “K8s,” a “numeronym” (link exists outside ibm.com)), we must compare containers to traditional and virtual IT architecture.

Historically, companies operated their software on physical servers (bare metal servers). Keeping system resource boundaries for those apps was impossible. When a physical server ran numerous applications, one application may use all the processing power, memory, storage space, and other resources. Businesses would run each application on a separate physical server to avoid this. But running programs on several servers wastes resources and hinders scaling. Having many physical machines is pricey and takes up room.

Virtualization

Then came virtualization the cornerstone of cloud computing. Virtualization technology dates back to the late 1960s, although it wasn’t extensively utilized until the early 2000s.

Hypervisor software powers virtualization. Hypervisors are lightweight software that lets several virtual machines (VMs) run on a physical server’s CPU. A guest operating system (OS), a virtual duplicate of the OS’s hardware, and an application with its libraries and dependencies execute on each virtual machine.

While VMs use hardware resources more efficiently than real servers to execute software, they still need a lot. This is especially true when multiple VMs with their own guest operating systems share a physical server.

Containers

This is container technology. Chroot, part of Unix version 7, was developed in 1979, marking a milestone in container development. Chroot isolated processes by restricting file access to the root and its offspring.

Modern containers bundle application code with libraries and dependencies. This speeds up apps on desktops, private data centers, and public clouds.

Unlike VMs, containers virtualize the operating system (typically Linux or Windows). Containers are quicker, lighter, and more portable than VMs since they lack the guest OS.

Kubernetes precursor Borg

Google wanted to optimize its virtual server performance in the early 2000s to accommodate its increasing infrastructure and public cloud platform. This produced Borg, the first unified container management system. The 2003–2004 Borg system is named after a species of Star Trek aliens, the Borg, who are synthetic organisms that share a hive mind called “The Collective.”

The Borg name suits Google perfectly. Borg’s large-scale cluster management system runs containerized workloads across its data centers. Google built Gmail, Google Docs, Google Search, Google Maps, and YouTube using Borg, which ran alongside its search engine.

Borg let Google perform hundreds of thousands of jobs from many apps on many machines. This gave Google exceptional resource utilization, fault tolerance, and scalability for big workloads. Borg remains Google’s main internal container management system.

Google released Omega, its second-generation container management technology, in 2013. Omega expanded the Borg ecosystem with a flexible, scalable scheduling solution for big computer clusters. Docker, a prominent Kubernetes participant, debuted in 2013.

Docker introduces open-source containerization

In 2013, Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) company dotCloud released Docker, an open-source platform enabling online software developers to build, deploy, and manage containerized applications.

Docker containers use Linux kernel features to partition programs for independent operation. Docker, Inc. (previously dotCloud, link lives outside ibm.com) provides productivity tools based on its open-source containerization platform, environment, and community.

Docker inspired Kubernetes’ founders by popularizing a lightweight container runtime and making it easy to build, distribute, and deploy applications. Googlers Craig McLuckie, Joe Beda, and Brendan Burns were excited by Docker’s ability to build and execute containers on individual machines.

Docker revolutionized cloud-native infrastructure, but its single-node architecture prevented automation. As programs were designed for thousands of containers, managing them across environments became onerous because each development had to be manually packaged. The Google team spotted a need and opportunity for a container orchestrator that could deploy and manage containers on numerous servers. Thus, Kubernetes, Google’s third-generation container management technology, was created.

Birth of Kubernetes

Kubernetes developers had worked on Borg and intended to create a simpler open-source container orchestrator with a user-friendly interface that included all they learned from Borg and Omega. The name Project Seven of Nine honors a former Borg drone from Star Trek: Voyager. Although the project name didn’t stick, the Kubernetes logo’s seven points honor it.

In a Kubernetes cluster, containers run across several machines and environments in running clusters. Nodes in each cluster fall into two categories:

Worker nodes for containerized applications.

Control plane nodes, cluster controllers.

The control plane orchestrates the Kubernetes cluster and includes the API server, control manager, cloud controller manager, and others. Docker-based worker nodes operate containers. One or more app containers exchange storage and networking information in pods, the smallest deployable units in a cluster.

Kubernetes goes public

Microsoft, RedHat, IBM, and Docker joined Kubernetes, an open-source version of Borg, in 2014. The software tool has basic container orchestration features:

Application replication to deploy several instances

Service discovery, load balancing

Simple health checks and repairs

Scheduling to assign tasks to many machines

At OSCON 2015, the Kubernetes founders announced Kubernetes 1.0, a more advanced version. Red Hat OpenShift developers joined Google soon after, bringing engineering and enterprise experience to the project.

Kubernetes and Cloud Native Computing Foundation history

The Linux Foundation’s Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) received Kubernetes 1.0 from Google in 2015. Docker, Google, Microsoft, IBM, and Red Hat founded CNCF. CNCF wants “to make cloud-native computing ubiquitous.”

Kubernetes was CNCF’s first hosted project in 2016 and its first graduation project in 2018. Kubernetes became one of the fastest-growing open-source projects in history with over 700 contributing firms. It outperformed Docker Swarm and Apache Mesos to become the container orchestration standard by 2017.

Cloud-native apps and Kubernetes

Software applications were tethered to hardware servers before cloud. Kubernetes and containers became the management standard for cloud vending enterprises in 2018, introducing cloud-native applications. Cloud-based software research and development began.

Kubernetes helps construct cloud-native microservices-based apps and containerizes existing apps, speeding up app development. Kubernetes automates and monitors many applications for effective management. The declarative, API-driven Kubernetes infrastructure lets cloud-native development teams work autonomously and efficiently.

Kubernetes’ influence continues

Kubernetes, a portable, adaptable, open-source platform for containerized workloads and microservices, continues to evolve.

Since Kubernetes joined the CNCF in 2016, contributors have increased 996% to 8,012. KubeCon + CloudNativeCon), the CNCF’s flagship global conference, draws thousands of engineers and users to learn about Kubernetes and other DevOps developments.

Kubernetes popularity is rising in cloud transformation and application modernization. The CTO’s Guide to Containers and Kubernetes from Gartner predicts that by 2027, over 90% of enterprises would operate containerized apps in production.

IBM/Kubernetes

In 2014, IBM was among the major corporations that adopted Kubernetes and container orchestration. To assist businesses in navigating their cloud journeys, IBM deploys cloud-based management solutions such as Kubernetes container orchestration.

IBM can help us use Kubernetes for cloud-native app development, large-scale app deployment, or microservice management.

Red Hat OpenShift on IBM Cloud lets developers containerize and deploy enterprise workloads in Kubernetes clusters quickly and securely.

IBM Cloud Code Engine, a fully managed serverless platform, runs container, application, and batch jobs on a container runtime.