These are original color lantern slides taken by Frances Benjamin Johnston in 1921. They show three views of the garden of the house belonging to George Hoadly and Katherine Hinkle Ingalls at 154 East 78th St. (between Lexington and Third Avenues). It's hard to imagine such a bucolic place at that location, but 1921 was another world.
Johnston entered these and other slides in the 1922 City Gardens Club of New York photo exhibition at the New York Camera Club.
Photos: Frances Benjamin Johnston via LoC
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Any understanding of class that derives from mid-20th century Britain, United States, or Canada is probably wrong. And that’s a problem because that’s where most people get their ideas about class.
If you look further back, middle housing (townhomes, condos, apartments, triplexes, quadplexes, etc) are where the middle class historically found themselves living (usually, there are exceptions). Suburbs are mostly new and they are extremely wasteful. The idea that people lived in single family homes or even semi-detached housing with large green outdoor spaces (as opposed to shared courtyards) just strikes me as very, very silly and very, very American.
A better, more honest, more accurate description of the decline of the middle class is not just the disappearance of middle housing—it’s how much middle housing has deteriorated qualitatively. We no longer consider that apartments can be big enough to raise families in. Nor do we consider that they should be well-made enough to hold up to decades of uninterrupted housing.
“Luxury” condos have nothing on early-20th brownstones of the working class. And that’s the problem.
I am having trouble reconciling the same people who rightly said that density over space are now claiming that the birthright of the middle class is the ownership of implied single family homes, presumably with spacious yards. No.
There is no class worth establishing that pines for the trappings of the rich. And there’s no need to establish it anyway, it already exists. That’s the upper middle class.
I cannot believe people are saying that waste is the only sign of being middle class that matters again. But, what’s worse, I can believe people are buying it.
Anyone who says that is no better than the TikTokers who insist that $500 Shein hauls are a necessity and excess clothing (to the point of never wearing the same outfit twice) is a human right.
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Second-Hand Cars 101: Everything You Need to Know Before You Buy
Buying a second-hand car can be an excellent way to get a quality vehicle at a fraction of the cost of a new one. However, it's essential to approach the second-hand cars in Ferntree Gully process with caution to ensure you get a good deal and a reliable vehicle. In this comprehensive guide, let’s cover everything you need to know before you buy a second-hand car.
Set Your Budget
Before you start looking at cars, it's essential to determine how much you can afford to spend. Consider not only the purchase price but also ongoing costs such as insurance, maintenance, and fuel. Setting a budget will help you narrow down your options and prevent you from overspending.
Research
Once you have a budget in mind, start researching the type of car you want. Consider factors such as make, model, year, mileage, and features. Think about your needs and priorities—are you looking for a fuel-efficient compact car for commuting, a spacious SUV for your family, or a powerful pickup truck for hauling? Look for cars that are known for their reliability and have good reviews from owners.
Check the Vehicle History Report
Before you buy second-hand cars Ferntree Gully and beyond, always check the vehicle history report. This report will tell you important information about the car's past, including whether it has been in any accidents, had any major repairs, or has any outstanding recalls.
You can obtain a vehicle history report from various services by providing the car's vehicle identification number (VIN).
Inspect the Car
Once you've found a few cars that meet your criteria and have clean vehicle history reports, it's time to inspect them in person. Look for signs of damage or rust, both on the exterior and interior of the car.
Check the tires, brakes, and suspension for signs of wear and tear. Take the car for a test drive to make sure it drives well and doesn't have any mechanical issues. Pay attention to things like strange noises, vibrations, or warning lights on the dashboard.
Get a Pre-Purchase Inspection
Even if the car looks good to you, it's always a good idea to get a pre-purchase inspection from a qualified mechanic. They can identify any hidden issues that you may not have noticed during your inspection.
A pre-purchase inspection typically costs around $100 to $200 but can save you thousands of dollars in the long run by uncovering potential problems before you buy the car.
Negotiate the Price
Once you've found a car you like and have had it inspected, it's time to negotiate the price. Don't be afraid to haggle, as you may be able to get the seller to lower the price, especially if the car has any issues that need to be addressed.
Do your research to find out what similar cars are selling for in your area, and use this information to negotiate a fair price.
Complete the Paperwork
Finally, once you've agreed on a price, make sure to complete all the necessary paperwork. This may include transferring the title, registering the car, and getting insurance.
Make sure to carefully read and understand all the documents you're signing, and don't be afraid to ask questions if you're unsure about anything.
Final Words
Buying a second-hand car can be a great way to get a quality vehicle without breaking the bank. However, it's essential to approach the process with caution and do your research to ensure you get a good deal.
By setting a budget, doing thorough research, checking the vehicle history report, inspecting the car, getting a pre-purchase inspection, negotiating the price, and completing all the necessary paperwork, you can buy second-hand cars Ferntree Gully with confidence, knowing that you've made an informed decision. With careful consideration and attention to detail, you can find the perfect second-hand car that meets your needs and fits your budget.
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