#ZFS features—with

[donjuaninhell]

How I ditched streaming services and learned to love Linux: A step-by-step guide to building your very own personal media streaming server (V2.0: REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION)

This is a revised, corrected and expanded version of my tutorial on setting up a personal media server that previously appeared on my old blog (donjuan-auxenfers). I expect that that post is still making the rounds (hopefully with my addendum on modifying group share permissions in Ubuntu to circumvent 0x8007003B "Unexpected Network Error" messages in Windows 10/11 when transferring files) but I have no way of checking. Anyway this new revised version of the tutorial corrects one or two small errors I discovered when rereading what I wrote, adds links to all products mentioned and is just more polished generally. I also expanded it a bit, pointing more adventurous users toward programs such as Sonarr/Radarr/Lidarr and Overseerr which can be used for automating user requests and media collection.

So then, what is this tutorial? This is a tutorial on how to build and set up your own personal media server using Ubuntu as an operating system and Plex (or Jellyfin) to not only manage your media, but to also stream that media to your devices both at home and abroad anywhere in the world where you have an internet connection. Its intent is to show you how building a personal media server and stuffing it full of films, TV, and music that you acquired through indiscriminate and voracious media piracy various legal methods will free you to completely ditch paid streaming services. No more will you have to pay for Disney+, Netflix, HBOMAX, Hulu, Amazon Prime, Peacock, CBS All Access, Paramount+, Crave or any other streaming service that is not named Criterion Channel. Instead whenever you want to watch your favourite films and television shows, you’ll have your own personal service that only features things that you want to see, with files that you have control over. And for music fans out there, both Jellyfin and Plex support music streaming, meaning you can even ditch music streaming services. Goodbye Spotify, Youtube Music, Tidal and Apple Music, welcome back unreasonably large MP3 (or FLAC) collections.

On the hardware front, I’m going to offer a few options catered towards different budgets and media library sizes. The cost of getting a media server up and running using this guide will cost you anywhere from $450 CAD/$325 USD at the low end to $1500 CAD/$1100 USD at the high end (it could go higher). My server was priced closer to the higher figure, but I went and got a lot more storage than most people need. If that seems like a little much, consider for a moment, do you have a roommate, a close friend, or a family member who would be willing to chip in a few bucks towards your little project provided they get access? Well that's how I funded my server. It might also be worth thinking about the cost over time, i.e. how much you spend yearly on subscriptions vs. a one time cost of setting up a server. Additionally there's just the joy of being able to scream "fuck you" at all those show cancelling, library deleting, hedge fund vampire CEOs who run the studios through denying them your money. Drive a stake through David Zaslav's heart.

On the software side I will walk you step-by-step through installing Ubuntu as your server's operating system, configuring your storage as a RAIDz array with ZFS, sharing your zpool to Windows with Samba, running a remote connection between your server and your Windows PC, and then a little about started with Plex/Jellyfin. Every terminal command you will need to input will be provided, and I even share a custom #bash script that will make used vs. available drive space on your server display correctly in Windows.

If you have a different preferred flavour of Linux (Arch, Manjaro, Redhat, Fedora, Mint, OpenSUSE, CentOS, Slackware etc. et. al.) and are aching to tell me off for being basic and using Ubuntu, this tutorial is not for you. The sort of person with a preferred Linux distro is the sort of person who can do this sort of thing in their sleep. Also I don't care. This tutorial is intended for the average home computer user. This is also why we’re not using a more exotic home server solution like running everything through Docker Containers and managing it through a dashboard like Homarr or Heimdall. While such solutions are fantastic and can be very easy to maintain once you have it all set up, wrapping your brain around Docker is a whole thing in and of itself. If you do follow this tutorial and had fun putting everything together, then I would encourage you to return in a year’s time, do your research and set up everything with Docker Containers.

Lastly, this is a tutorial aimed at Windows users. Although I was a daily user of OS X for many years (roughly 2008-2023) and I've dabbled quite a bit with various Linux distributions (mostly Ubuntu and Manjaro), my primary OS these days is Windows 11. Many things in this tutorial will still be applicable to Mac users, but others (e.g. setting up shares) you will have to look up for yourself. I doubt it would be difficult to do so.

Nothing in this tutorial will require feats of computing expertise. All you will need is a basic computer literacy (i.e. an understanding of what a filesystem and directory are, and a degree of comfort in the settings menu) and a willingness to learn a thing or two. While this guide may look overwhelming at first glance, it is only because I want to be as thorough as possible. I want you to understand exactly what it is you're doing, I don't want you to just blindly follow steps. If you half-way know what you’re doing, you will be much better prepared if you ever need to troubleshoot.

Honestly, once you have all the hardware ready it shouldn't take more than an afternoon or two to get everything up and running.

(This tutorial is just shy of seven thousand words long so the rest is under the cut.)

Step One: Choosing Your Hardware

Linux is a light weight operating system, depending on the distribution there's close to no bloat. There are recent distributions available at this very moment that will run perfectly fine on a fourteen year old i3 with 4GB of RAM. Moreover, running Plex or Jellyfin isn’t resource intensive in 90% of use cases. All this is to say, we don’t require an expensive or powerful computer. This means that there are several options available: 1) use an old computer you already have sitting around but aren't using 2) buy a used workstation from eBay, or what I believe to be the best option, 3) order an N100 Mini-PC from AliExpress or Amazon.

Note: If you already have an old PC sitting around that you’ve decided to use, fantastic, move on to the next step.

When weighing your options, keep a few things in mind: the number of people you expect to be streaming simultaneously at any one time, the resolution and bitrate of your media library (4k video takes a lot more processing power than 1080p) and most importantly, how many of those clients are going to be transcoding at any one time. Transcoding is what happens when the playback device does not natively support direct playback of the source file. This can happen for a number of reasons, such as the playback device's native resolution being lower than the file's internal resolution, or because the source file was encoded in a video codec unsupported by the playback device.

Ideally we want any transcoding to be performed by hardware. This means we should be looking for a computer with an Intel processor with Quick Sync. Quick Sync is a dedicated core on the CPU die designed specifically for video encoding and decoding. This specialized hardware makes for highly efficient transcoding both in terms of processing overhead and power draw. Without these Quick Sync cores, transcoding must be brute forced through software. This takes up much more of a CPU’s processing power and requires much more energy. But not all Quick Sync cores are created equal and you need to keep this in mind if you've decided either to use an old computer or to shop for a used workstation on eBay

Any Intel processor from second generation Core (Sandy Bridge circa 2011) onward has Quick Sync cores. It's not until 6th gen (Skylake), however, that the cores support the H.265 HEVC codec. Intel’s 10th gen (Comet Lake) processors introduce support for 10bit HEVC and HDR tone mapping. And the recent 12th gen (Alder Lake) processors brought with them hardware AV1 decoding. As an example, while an 8th gen (Kaby Lake) i5-8500 will be able to hardware transcode a H.265 encoded file, it will fall back to software transcoding if given a 10bit H.265 file. If you’ve decided to use that old PC or to look on eBay for an old Dell Optiplex keep this in mind.

Note 1: The price of old workstations varies wildly and fluctuates frequently. If you get lucky and go shopping shortly after a workplace has liquidated a large number of their workstations you can find deals for as low as $100 on a barebones system, but generally an i5-8500 workstation with 16gb RAM will cost you somewhere in the area of $260 CAD/$200 USD.

Note 2: The AMD equivalent to Quick Sync is called Video Core Next, and while it's fine, it's not as efficient and not as mature a technology. It was only introduced with the first generation Ryzen CPUs and it only got decent with their newest CPUs, we want something cheap.

Alternatively you could forgo having to keep track of what generation of CPU is equipped with Quick Sync cores that feature support for which codecs, and just buy an N100 mini-PC. For around the same price or less of a used workstation you can pick up a mini-PC with an Intel N100 processor. The N100 is a four-core processor based on the 12th gen Alder Lake architecture and comes equipped with the latest revision of the Quick Sync cores. These little processors offer astounding hardware transcoding capabilities for their size and power draw. Otherwise they perform equivalent to an i5-6500, which isn't a terrible CPU. A friend of mine uses an N100 machine as a dedicated retro emulation gaming system and it does everything up to 6th generation consoles just fine. The N100 is also a remarkably efficient chip, it sips power. In fact, the difference between running one of these and an old workstation could work out to hundreds of dollars a year in energy bills depending on where you live.

You can find these Mini-PCs all over Amazon or for a little cheaper on AliExpress. They range in price from $170 CAD/$125 USD for a no name N100 with 8GB RAM to $280 CAD/$200 USD for a Beelink S12 Pro with 16GB RAM. The brand doesn't really matter, they're all coming from the same three factories in Shenzen, go for whichever one fits your budget or has features you want. 8GB RAM should be enough, Linux is lightweight and Plex only calls for 2GB RAM. 16GB RAM might result in a slightly snappier experience, especially with ZFS. A 256GB SSD is more than enough for what we need as a boot drive, but going for a bigger drive might allow you to get away with things like creating preview thumbnails for Plex, but it’s up to you and your budget.

The Mini-PC I wound up buying was a Firebat AK2 Plus with 8GB RAM and a 256GB SSD. It looks like this:

Note: Be forewarned that if you decide to order a Mini-PC from AliExpress, note the type of power adapter it ships with. The mini-PC I bought came with an EU power adapter and I had to supply my own North American power supply. Thankfully this is a minor issue as barrel plug 30W/12V/2.5A power adapters are easy to find and can be had for $10.

Step Two: Choosing Your Storage

Storage is the most important part of our build. It is also the most expensive. Thankfully it’s also the most easily upgrade-able down the line.

For people with a smaller media collection (4TB to 8TB), a more limited budget, or who will only ever have two simultaneous streams running, I would say that the most economical course of action would be to buy a USB 3.0 8TB external HDD. Something like this one from Western Digital or this one from Seagate. One of these external drives will cost you in the area of $200 CAD/$140 USD. Down the line you could add a second external drive or replace it with a multi-drive RAIDz set up such as detailed below.

If a single external drive the path for you, move on to step three.

For people with larger media libraries (12TB+), who prefer media in 4k, or care who about data redundancy, the answer is a RAID array featuring multiple HDDs in an enclosure.

Note: If you are using an old PC or used workstatiom as your server and have the room for at least three 3.5" drives, and as many open SATA ports on your mother board you won't need an enclosure, just install the drives into the case. If your old computer is a laptop or doesn’t have room for more internal drives, then I would suggest an enclosure.

The minimum number of drives needed to run a RAIDz array is three, and seeing as RAIDz is what we will be using, you should be looking for an enclosure with three to five bays. I think that four disks makes for a good compromise for a home server. Regardless of whether you go for a three, four, or five bay enclosure, do be aware that in a RAIDz array the space equivalent of one of the drives will be dedicated to parity at a ratio expressed by the equation 1 − 1/n i.e. in a four bay enclosure equipped with four 12TB drives, if we configured our drives in a RAIDz1 array we would be left with a total of 36TB of usable space (48TB raw size). The reason for why we might sacrifice storage space in such a manner will be explained in the next section.

A four bay enclosure will cost somewhere in the area of $200 CDN/$140 USD. You don't need anything fancy, we don't need anything with hardware RAID controls (RAIDz is done entirely in software) or even USB-C. An enclosure with USB 3.0 will perform perfectly fine. Don’t worry too much about USB speed bottlenecks. A mechanical HDD will be limited by the speed of its mechanism long before before it will be limited by the speed of a USB connection. I've seen decent looking enclosures from TerraMaster, Yottamaster, Mediasonic and Sabrent.

When it comes to selecting the drives, as of this writing, the best value (dollar per gigabyte) are those in the range of 12TB to 20TB. I settled on 12TB drives myself. If 12TB to 20TB drives are out of your budget, go with what you can afford, or look into refurbished drives. I'm not sold on the idea of refurbished drives but many people swear by them.

When shopping for harddrives, search for drives designed specifically for NAS use. Drives designed for NAS use typically have better vibration dampening and are designed to be active 24/7. They will also often make use of CMR (conventional magnetic recording) as opposed to SMR (shingled magnetic recording). This nets them a sizable read/write performance bump over typical desktop drives. Seagate Ironwolf and Toshiba NAS are both well regarded brands when it comes to NAS drives. I would avoid Western Digital Red drives at this time. WD Reds were a go to recommendation up until earlier this year when it was revealed that they feature firmware that will throw up false SMART warnings telling you to replace the drive at the three year mark quite often when there is nothing at all wrong with that drive. It will likely even be good for another six, seven, or more years.

Step Three: Installing Linux

For this step you will need a USB thumbdrive of at least 6GB in capacity, an .ISO of Ubuntu, and a way to make that thumbdrive bootable media.

First download a copy of Ubuntu desktop (for best performance we could download the Server release, but for new Linux users I would recommend against the server release. The server release is strictly command line interface only, and having a GUI is very helpful for most people. Not many people are wholly comfortable doing everything through the command line, I'm certainly not one of them, and I grew up with DOS 6.0. 22.04.3 Jammy Jellyfish is the current Long Term Service release, this is the one to get.

Download the .ISO and then download and install balenaEtcher on your Windows PC. BalenaEtcher is an easy to use program for creating bootable media, you simply insert your thumbdrive, select the .ISO you just downloaded, and it will create a bootable installation media for you.

Once you've made a bootable media and you've got your Mini-PC (or you old PC/used workstation) in front of you, hook it directly into your router with an ethernet cable, and then plug in the HDD enclosure, a monitor, a mouse and a keyboard. Now turn that sucker on and hit whatever key gets you into the BIOS (typically ESC, DEL or F2). If you’re using a Mini-PC check to make sure that the P1 and P2 power limits are set correctly, my N100's P1 limit was set at 10W, a full 20W under the chip's power limit. Also make sure that the RAM is running at the advertised speed. My Mini-PC’s RAM was set at 2333Mhz out of the box when it should have been 3200Mhz. Once you’ve done that, key over to the boot order and place the USB drive first in the boot order. Then save the BIOS settings and restart.

After you restart you’ll be greeted by Ubuntu's installation screen. Installing Ubuntu is really straight forward, select the "minimal" installation option, as we won't need anything on this computer except for a browser (Ubuntu comes preinstalled with Firefox) and Plex Media Server/Jellyfin Media Server. Also remember to delete and reformat that Windows partition! We don't need it.

Step Four: Installing ZFS and Setting Up the RAIDz Array

Note: If you opted for just a single external HDD skip this step and move onto setting up a Samba share.

Once Ubuntu is installed it's time to configure our storage by installing ZFS to build our RAIDz array. ZFS is a "next-gen" file system that is both massively flexible and massively complex. It's capable of snapshot backup, self healing error correction, ZFS pools can be configured with drives operating in a supplemental manner alongside the storage vdev (e.g. fast cache, dedicated secondary intent log, hot swap spares etc.). It's also a file system very amenable to fine tuning. Block and sector size are adjustable to use case and you're afforded the option of different methods of inline compression. If you'd like a very detailed overview and explanation of its various features and tips on tuning a ZFS array check out these articles from Ars Technica. For now we're going to ignore all these features and keep it simple, we're going to pull our drives together into a single vdev running in RAIDz which will be the entirety of our zpool, no fancy cache drive or SLOG.

Open up the terminal and type the following commands:

sudo apt update

then

sudo apt install zfsutils-linux

This will install the ZFS utility. Verify that it's installed with the following command:

zfs --version

Now, it's time to check that the HDDs we have in the enclosure are healthy, running, and recognized. We also want to find out their device IDs and take note of them:

sudo fdisk -1

Note: You might be wondering why some of these commands require "sudo" in front of them while others don't. "Sudo" is short for "super user do”. When and where "sudo" is used has to do with the way permissions are set up in Linux. Only the "root" user has the access level to perform certain tasks in Linux. As a matter of security and safety regular user accounts are kept separate from the "root" user. It's not advised (or even possible) to boot into Linux as "root" with most modern distributions. Instead by using "sudo" our regular user account is temporarily given the power to do otherwise forbidden things. Don't worry about it too much at this stage, but if you want to know more check out this introduction.

If everything is working you should get a list of the various drives detected along with their device IDs which will look like this: /dev/sdc. You can also check the device IDs of the drives by opening the disk utility app. Jot these IDs down as we'll need them for our next step, creating our RAIDz array.

RAIDz is similar to RAID-5 in that instead of striping your data over multiple disks, exchanging redundancy for speed and available space (RAID-0), or mirroring your data writing by two copies of every piece (RAID-1), it instead writes parity blocks across the disks in addition to striping, this provides a balance of speed, redundancy and available space. If a single drive fails, the parity blocks on the working drives can be used to reconstruct the entire array as soon as a replacement drive is added.

Additionally, RAIDz improves over some of the common RAID-5 flaws. It's more resilient and capable of self healing, as it is capable of automatically checking for errors against a checksum. It's more forgiving in this way, and it's likely that you'll be able to detect when a drive is dying well before it fails. A RAIDz array can survive the loss of any one drive.

Note: While RAIDz is indeed resilient, if a second drive fails during the rebuild, you're fucked. Always keep backups of things you can't afford to lose. This tutorial, however, is not about proper data safety.

To create the pool, use the following command:

sudo zpool create "zpoolnamehere" raidz "device IDs of drives we're putting in the pool"

For example, let's creatively name our zpool "mypool". This poil will consist of four drives which have the device IDs: sdb, sdc, sdd, and sde. The resulting command will look like this:

sudo zpool create mypool raidz /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde

If as an example you bought five HDDs and decided you wanted more redundancy dedicating two drive to this purpose, we would modify the command to "raidz2" and the command would look something like the following:

sudo zpool create mypool raidz2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf

An array configured like this is known as RAIDz2 and is able to survive two disk failures.

Once the zpool has been created, we can check its status with the command:

zpool status

Or more concisely with:

zpool list

The nice thing about ZFS as a file system is that a pool is ready to go immediately after creation. If we were to set up a traditional RAID-5 array using mbam, we'd have to sit through a potentially hours long process of reformatting and partitioning the drives. Instead we're ready to go right out the gates.

The zpool should be automatically mounted to the filesystem after creation, check on that with the following:

df -hT | grep zfs

Note: If your computer ever loses power suddenly, say in event of a power outage, you may have to re-import your pool. In most cases, ZFS will automatically import and mount your pool, but if it doesn’t and you can't see your array, simply open the terminal and type sudo zpool import -a.

By default a zpool is mounted at /"zpoolname". The pool should be under our ownership but let's make sure with the following command:

sudo chown -R "yourlinuxusername" /"zpoolname"

Note: Changing file and folder ownership with "chown" and file and folder permissions with "chmod" are essential commands for much of the admin work in Linux, but we won't be dealing with them extensively in this guide. If you'd like a deeper tutorial and explanation you can check out these two guides: chown and chmod.

You can access the zpool file system through the GUI by opening the file manager (the Ubuntu default file manager is called Nautilus) and clicking on "Other Locations" on the sidebar, then entering the Ubuntu file system and looking for a folder with your pool's name. Bookmark the folder on the sidebar for easy access.

Your storage pool is now ready to go. Assuming that we already have some files on our Windows PC we want to copy to over, we're going to need to install and configure Samba to make the pool accessible in Windows.

Step Five: Setting Up Samba/Sharing

Samba is what's going to let us share the zpool with Windows and allow us to write to it from our Windows machine. First let's install Samba with the following commands:

sudo apt-get update

then

sudo apt-get install samba

Next create a password for Samba.

sudo smbpswd -a "yourlinuxusername"

It will then prompt you to create a password. Just reuse your Ubuntu user password for simplicity's sake.

Note: if you're using just a single external drive replace the zpool location in the following commands with wherever it is your external drive is mounted, for more information see this guide on mounting an external drive in Ubuntu.

After you've created a password we're going to create a shareable folder in our pool with this command

mkdir /"zpoolname"/"foldername"

Now we're going to open the smb.conf file and make that folder shareable. Enter the following command.

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

This will open the .conf file in nano, the terminal text editor program. Now at the end of smb.conf add the following entry:

["foldername"]

path = /"zpoolname"/"foldername"

available = yes

valid users = "yourlinuxusername"

read only = no

writable = yes

browseable = yes

guest ok = no

Ensure that there are no line breaks between the lines and that there's a space on both sides of the equals sign. Our next step is to allow Samba traffic through the firewall:

sudo ufw allow samba

Finally restart the Samba service:

sudo systemctl restart smbd

At this point we'll be able to access to the pool, browse its contents, and read and write to it from Windows. But there's one more thing left to do, Windows doesn't natively support the ZFS file systems and will read the used/available/total space in the pool incorrectly. Windows will read available space as total drive space, and all used space as null. This leads to Windows only displaying a dwindling amount of "available" space as the drives are filled. We can fix this! Functionally this doesn't actually matter, we can still write and read to and from the disk, it just makes it difficult to tell at a glance the proportion of used/available space, so this is an optional step but one I recommend (this step is also unnecessary if you're just using a single external drive). What we're going to do is write a little shell script in #bash. Open nano with the terminal with the command:

nano

Now insert the following code:

#!/bin/bash CUR_PATH=`pwd` ZFS_CHECK_OUTPUT=$(zfs get type $CUR_PATH 2>&1 > /dev/null) > /dev/null if [[ $ZFS_CHECK_OUTPUT == *not\ a\ ZFS* ]] then IS_ZFS=false else IS_ZFS=true fi if [[ $IS_ZFS = false ]] then df $CUR_PATH | tail -1 | awk '{print $2" "$4}' else USED=$((`zfs get -o value -Hp used $CUR_PATH` / 1024)) > /dev/null AVAIL=$((`zfs get -o value -Hp available $CUR_PATH` / 1024)) > /dev/null TOTAL=$(($USED+$AVAIL)) > /dev/null echo $TOTAL $AVAIL fi

Save the script as "dfree.sh" to /home/"yourlinuxusername" then change the ownership of the file to make it executable with this command:

sudo chmod 774 dfree.sh

Now open smb.conf with sudo again:

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

Now add this entry to the top of the configuration file to direct Samba to use the results of our script when Windows asks for a reading on the pool's used/available/total drive space:

[global]

dfree command = /home/"yourlinuxusername"/dfree.sh

Save the changes to smb.conf and then restart Samba again with the terminal:

sudo systemctl restart smbd

Now there’s one more thing we need to do to fully set up the Samba share, and that’s to modify a hidden group permission. In the terminal window type the following command:

usermod -a -G sambashare “yourlinuxusername”

Then restart samba again:

sudo systemctl restart smbd

If we don’t do this last step, everything will appear to work fine, and you will even be able to see and map the drive from Windows and even begin transferring files, but you'd soon run into a lot of frustration. As every ten minutes or so a file would fail to transfer and you would get a window announcing “0x8007003B Unexpected Network Error”. This window would require your manual input to continue the transfer with the file next in the queue. And at the end it would reattempt to transfer whichever files failed the first time around. 99% of the time they’ll go through that second try, but this is still all a major pain in the ass. Especially if you’ve got a lot of data to transfer or you want to step away from the computer for a while.

It turns out samba can act a little weirdly with the higher read/write speeds of RAIDz arrays and transfers from Windows, and will intermittently crash and restart itself if this group option isn’t changed. Inputting the above command will prevent you from ever seeing that window.

The last thing we're going to do before switching over to our Windows PC is grab the IP address of our Linux machine. Enter the following command:

hostname -I

This will spit out this computer's IP address on the local network (it will look something like 192.168.0.x), write it down. It might be a good idea once you're done here to go into your router settings and reserving that IP for your Linux system in the DHCP settings. Check the manual for your specific model router on how to access its settings, typically it can be accessed by opening a browser and typing http:\\192.168.0.1 in the address bar, but your router may be different.

Okay we’re done with our Linux computer for now. Get on over to your Windows PC, open File Explorer, right click on Network and click "Map network drive". Select Z: as the drive letter (you don't want to map the network drive to a letter you could conceivably be using for other purposes) and enter the IP of your Linux machine and location of the share like so: \\"LINUXCOMPUTERLOCALIPADDRESSGOESHERE"\"zpoolnamegoeshere"\. Windows will then ask you for your username and password, enter the ones you set earlier in Samba and you're good. If you've done everything right it should look something like this:

You can now start moving media over from Windows to the share folder. It's a good idea to have a hard line running to all machines. Moving files over Wi-Fi is going to be tortuously slow, the only thing that’s going to make the transfer time tolerable (hours instead of days) is a solid wired connection between both machines and your router.

Step Six: Setting Up Remote Desktop Access to Your Server

After the server is up and going, you’ll want to be able to access it remotely from Windows. Barring serious maintenance/updates, this is how you'll access it most of the time. On your Linux system open the terminal and enter:

sudo apt install xrdp

Then:

sudo systemctl enable xrdp

Once it's finished installing, open “Settings” on the sidebar and turn off "automatic login" in the User category. Then log out of your account. Attempting to remotely connect to your Linux computer while you’re logged in will result in a black screen!

Now get back on your Windows PC, open search and look for "RDP". A program called "Remote Desktop Connection" should pop up, open this program as an administrator by right-clicking and selecting “run as an administrator”. You’ll be greeted with a window. In the field marked “Computer” type in the IP address of your Linux computer. Press connect and you'll be greeted with a new window and prompt asking for your username and password. Enter your Ubuntu username and password here.

If everything went right, you’ll be logged into your Linux computer. If the performance is sluggish, adjust the display options. Lowering the resolution and colour depth do a lot to make the interface feel snappier.

Remote access is how we're going to be using our Linux system from now, barring edge cases like needing to get into the BIOS or upgrading to a new version of Ubuntu. Everything else from performing maintenance like a monthly zpool scrub to checking zpool status and updating software can all be done remotely.

This is how my server lives its life now, happily humming and chirping away on the floor next to the couch in a corner of the living room.

Step Seven: Plex Media Server/Jellyfin

Okay we’ve got all the ground work finished and our server is almost up and running. We’ve got Ubuntu up and running, our storage array is primed, we’ve set up remote connections and sharing, and maybe we’ve moved over some of favourite movies and TV shows.

Now we need to decide on the media server software to use which will stream our media to us and organize our library. For most people I’d recommend Plex. It just works 99% of the time. That said, Jellyfin has a lot to recommend it by too, even if it is rougher around the edges. Some people run both simultaneously, it’s not that big of an extra strain. I do recommend doing a little bit of your own research into the features each platform offers, but as a quick run down, consider some of the following points:

Plex is closed source and is funded through PlexPass purchases while Jellyfin is open source and entirely user driven. This means a number of things: for one, Plex requires you to purchase a “PlexPass” (purchased as a one time lifetime fee $159.99 CDN/$120 USD or paid for on a monthly or yearly subscription basis) in order to access to certain features, like hardware transcoding (and we want hardware transcoding) or automated intro/credits detection and skipping, Jellyfin offers some of these features for free through plugins. Plex supports a lot more devices than Jellyfin and updates more frequently. That said, Jellyfin's Android and iOS apps are completely free, while the Plex Android and iOS apps must be activated for a one time cost of $6 CDN/$5 USD. But that $6 fee gets you a mobile app that is much more functional and features a unified UI across platforms, the Plex mobile apps are simply a more polished experience. The Jellyfin apps are a bit of a mess and the iOS and Android versions are very different from each other.

Jellyfin’s actual media player is more fully featured than Plex's, but on the other hand Jellyfin's UI, library customization and automatic media tagging really pale in comparison to Plex. Streaming your music library is free through both Jellyfin and Plex, but Plex offers the PlexAmp app for dedicated music streaming which boasts a number of fantastic features, unfortunately some of those fantastic features require a PlexPass. If your internet is down, Jellyfin can still do local streaming, while Plex can fail to play files unless you've got it set up a certain way. Jellyfin has a slew of neat niche features like support for Comic Book libraries with the .cbz/.cbt file types, but then Plex offers some free ad-supported TV and films, they even have a free channel that plays nothing but Classic Doctor Who.

Ultimately it's up to you, I settled on Plex because although some features are pay-walled, it just works. It's more reliable and easier to use, and a one-time fee is much easier to swallow than a subscription. I had a pretty easy time getting my boomer parents and tech illiterate brother introduced to and using Plex and I don't know if I would've had as easy a time doing that with Jellyfin. I do also need to mention that Jellyfin does take a little extra bit of tinkering to get going in Ubuntu, you’ll have to set up process permissions, so if you're more tolerant to tinkering, Jellyfin might be up your alley and I’ll trust that you can follow their installation and configuration guide. For everyone else, I recommend Plex.

So pick your poison: Plex or Jellyfin.

Note: The easiest way to download and install either of these packages in Ubuntu is through Snap Store.

After you've installed one (or both), opening either app will launch a browser window into the browser version of the app allowing you to set all the options server side.

The process of adding creating media libraries is essentially the same in both Plex and Jellyfin. You create a separate libraries for Television, Movies, and Music and add the folders which contain the respective types of media to their respective libraries. The only difficult or time consuming aspect is ensuring that your files and folders follow the appropriate naming conventions:

Plex naming guide for Movies

Plex naming guide for Television

Jellyfin follows the same naming rules but I find their media scanner to be a lot less accurate and forgiving than Plex. Once you've selected the folders to be scanned the service will scan your files, tagging everything and adding metadata. Although I find do find Plex more accurate, it can still erroneously tag some things and you might have to manually clean up some tags in a large library. (When I initially created my library it tagged the 1963-1989 Doctor Who as some Korean soap opera and I needed to manually select the correct match after which everything was tagged normally.) It can also be a bit testy with anime (especially OVAs) be sure to check TVDB to ensure that you have your files and folders structured and named correctly. If something is not showing up at all, double check the name.

Once that's done, organizing and customizing your library is easy. You can set up collections, grouping items together to fit a theme or collect together all the entries in a franchise. You can make playlists, and add custom artwork to entries. It's fun setting up collections with posters to match, there are even several websites dedicated to help you do this like PosterDB. As an example, below are two collections in my library, one collecting all the entries in a franchise, the other follows a theme.

My Star Trek collection, featuring all eleven television series, and thirteen films.

My Best of the Worst collection, featuring sixty-nine films previously showcased on RedLetterMedia’s Best of the Worst. They’re all absolutely terrible and I love them.

As for settings, ensure you've got Remote Access going, it should work automatically and be sure to set your upload speed after running a speed test. In the library settings set the database cache to 2000MB to ensure a snappier and more responsive browsing experience, and then check that playback quality is set to original/maximum. If you’re severely bandwidth limited on your upload and have remote users, you might want to limit the remote stream bitrate to something more reasonable, just as a note of comparison Netflix’s 1080p bitrate is approximately 5Mbps, although almost anyone watching through a chromium based browser is streaming at 720p and 3mbps. Other than that you should be good to go. For actually playing your files, there's a Plex app for just about every platform imaginable. I mostly watch television and films on my laptop using the Windows Plex app, but I also use the Android app which can broadcast to the chromecast connected to the TV in the office and the Android TV app for our smart TV. Both are fully functional and easy to navigate, and I can also attest to the OS X version being equally functional.

Part Eight: Finding Media

Now, this is not really a piracy tutorial, there are plenty of those out there. But if you’re unaware, BitTorrent is free and pretty easy to use, just pick a client (qBittorrent is the best) and go find some public trackers to peruse. Just know now that all the best trackers are private and invite only, and that they can be exceptionally difficult to get into. I’m already on a few, and even then, some of the best ones are wholly out of my reach.

If you decide to take the left hand path and turn to Usenet you’ll have to pay. First you’ll need to sign up with a provider like Newshosting or EasyNews for access to Usenet itself, and then to actually find anything you’re going to need to sign up with an indexer like NZBGeek or NZBFinder. There are dozens of indexers, and many people cross post between them, but for more obscure media it’s worth checking multiple. You’ll also need a binary downloader like SABnzbd. That caveat aside, Usenet is faster, bigger, older, less traceable than BitTorrent, and altogether slicker. I honestly prefer it, and I'm kicking myself for taking this long to start using it because I was scared off by the price. I’ve found so many things on Usenet that I had sought in vain elsewhere for years, like a 2010 Italian film about a massacre perpetrated by the SS that played the festival circuit but never received a home media release; some absolute hero uploaded a rip of a festival screener DVD to Usenet. Anyway, figure out the rest of this shit on your own and remember to use protection, get yourself behind a VPN, use a SOCKS5 proxy with your BitTorrent client, etc.

On the legal side of things, if you’re around my age, you (or your family) probably have a big pile of DVDs and Blu-Rays sitting around unwatched and half forgotten. Why not do a bit of amateur media preservation, rip them and upload them to your server for easier access? (Your tools for this are going to be Handbrake to do the ripping and AnyDVD to break any encryption.) I went to the trouble of ripping all my SCTV DVDs (five box sets worth) because none of it is on streaming nor could it be found on any pirate source I tried. I’m glad I did, forty years on it’s still one of the funniest shows to ever be on TV.

Part Nine/Epilogue: Sonarr/Radarr/Lidarr and Overseerr

There are a lot of ways to automate your server for better functionality or to add features you and other users might find useful. Sonarr, Radarr, and Lidarr are a part of a suite of “Servarr” services (there’s also Readarr for books and Whisparr for adult content) that allow you to automate the collection of new episodes of TV shows (Sonarr), new movie releases (Radarr) and music releases (Lidarr). They hook in to your BitTorrent client or Usenet binary newsgroup downloader and crawl your preferred Torrent trackers and Usenet indexers, alerting you to new releases and automatically grabbing them. You can also use these services to manually search for new media, and even replace/upgrade your existing media with better quality uploads. They’re really a little tricky to set up on a bare metal Ubuntu install (ideally you should be running them in Docker Containers), and I won’t be providing a step by step on installing and running them, I’m simply making you aware of their existence.

The other bit of kit I want to make you aware of is Overseerr which is a program that scans your Plex media library and will serve recommendations based on what you like. It also allows you and your users to request specific media. It can even be integrated with Sonarr/Radarr/Lidarr so that fulfilling those requests is fully automated.

And you're done. It really wasn't all that hard. Enjoy your media. Enjoy the control you have over that media. And be safe in the knowledge that no hedgefund CEO motherfucker who hates the movies but who is somehow in control of a major studio will be able to disappear anything in your library as a tax write-off.

[wheelsgoroundincircles]

The Forgotten Mach 2: Ford's 1967 Mid-Engined Mustang Prototype

The Forgotten Mach 2: Ford's 1967 Mid-Engined Mustang Prototype

In the Swinging Sixties, Ford's promotional photo featured a stylish couple beaming with joy as they prepared to take a ride in the Mach 2, essentially a mid-engined Mustang. This sleek, closed coupe boasted a 289 V8 engine, ZF 4-speed transaxle, and amenities like a radio and heater.

"Wait a minute", you may be thinking, if you're old enough to remember the Sixties, or if you've been reading this blog for awhile. "Wasn't there a mid-engined Mustang before there was any other kind?" Well, yeah, there was a drivable concept car based on the front-drive German Ford Taunus V4 powertrain, the Mustang 1*, but that was in 1962, and the roofless projectile seemed to be aimed mostly at SCCA racers ...

The Mach 2's story began in 1966, when Ford's Total Performance program aimed to infuse the GT40's mid-engined glamour into a production car. A Mustang convertible chassis was transformed into a concept chassis by Kar Kraft, incorporating Mustang front suspension, front disc brakes, and Galaxy rear drums. The independent rear suspension was borrowed from engineer Klaus Arning's patented multi-link design for Mustang 1.

Two running prototypes were built, with fiberglass bodies styled by Gene Bordinat's team. The first, a white car intended as an SCCA-ready weekend racer, suffered from chassis flex, while the second, a red example, had a reinforced chassis. The red Mach 2 was showcased at auto shows and featured in car magazines.

With a 107-inch wheelbase, similar to the new Corvette C8, and a weight of around 2,600 pounds, the Mach 2's performance was lively. Ford envisioned pricing it around $7,500, slightly above the Shelby AC 427 Cobra.

However, the Mach 2 program was ultimately scrapped. Ford's success with the Mustang and Shelby's modified versions meant that the Mach 2 was relegated to the sidelines. The white test car was crushed, and the red prototype was returned to Kar Kraft, disappearing from public view.

Rumors of the red Mach 2's fate have persisted, with some speculating that it may still be hidden away, waiting to be rediscovered. The possibility of finding this forgotten prototype has captivated car enthusiasts, offering a glimpse into an alternate history of American automotive innovation.

1967 Ford Mach 2

1967 Ford Mach 2

1967 Ford Mach 2

1967 Ford Mach 2

The 1967 Ford Mach 2 was a mid-engine sports car concept that was never mass produced. It was a two-seater with a GT style, low-sloping hood and front fenders, with a body made of fiberglass. Ford built the first one which was based on a shortened version of the 1966 Mustang convertible floor pan. Two more were built by Kar Kraft based on 1967 Mustangs and powered by a 289ci high performance engine mounted in the middle of the car. It had a five-speed manual transmission, independent rear suspension, and adjustable pedals derived from the 1962 Mustang-I.

Two fully functional prototypes were built:

• Red prototype: The production car candidate, with a revised engine cradle, adjustable Koni shocks, and a redesigned front end

•White prototype: A development mule for racing, with a modified 289, competition-spec components, and a lighter fiberglass body.

The Mach 2 was extensively tested, but the results were not encouraging. The road car handled well, but generated too much body roll at high speeds. The race car's chassis was not stiff enough, distorting under heavy loads. By the fall of 1967, Ford's designers had shifted their focus to the Mach 2A, and the three Mach 2 prototypes were left with Kar Kraft for disposal.

[monkeyssalad-blog]

038 Aston Martin DB5 Vantage (1964) EMU 5 by Robert Knight Via Flickr: Aston Martin DB5 Vantage (1964-65) Engine 3995cc S6 DOC 325bhpProduction 1059 Registration Number EMU 5 ASTON MARTIN ALBUM www.flickr.com/photos/45676495@N05/sets/72157623759800132... The Aston Martin DB5 is a British luxury grand tourer that was made by Aston Martin and designed by Federico Formenti of Italian coachbuilder Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera. Released in 1963, it can be seen as an evolution of the final series of DB4. The principal differences between the DB4 Series V and the DB5 are the all-aluminium engine, enlarged from 3.7 litres to 4.0 litres, and fed by triple carburettors, it produced 282bhp; a new ZF five-speed transmission which was more robust than the earlier David Brown unit. At the beginning, the original four-speed manual gearbox (with optional overdrive) was standard fitment, but it was soon dropped in favour of the ZF five-speed box a three-speed Borg-Warner DG automatic transmission was also available, which was changed in favour of a Borg-Warner Model 8 shortly before the DB6 replaced the DB5 When new the standard Aston Martin DB5 sold for £ 4,248, which at the time was around the price of a semidetached house in a desirable borough The high-performance DB5 Vantage was introduced in 1964. It featured three Weber carburettors and revised camshaft profiles and the engine output upped to 325bhp. 65 DB5 Vantage coupés were built. 123 convertible DB5s were produced (also with bodies by Touring), though they did not use the 'Volante' name until 1965 The DB5 will always be remembered as James Bonds cars, EON productions, to be modified by special effects expert John Stears for use by James Bond in the 1964 film Goldfinger. The original novel by Ian Fleming had Bond driving an Aston Martin DB Mark III. There were a total of four Goldfinger DB5s. There were a total of four Goldfinger DB5s. Two of these were used in filming and two were used only for promotional purposes. The first filming car, DP/2161/1, was fitted with gadgets, it had been the original DB5 prototype car which had made an earlier screen performance in the hands of Roger Moore during episode 2.17, of The Saint - The Noble Scotsman before its appearance in Goldfinger, The same car (registration BMT 216A) was used again in the next film, Thunderball, a year later, it later appeared, minus gadgets in the film The Cannonball Run (1981), once again driven by Roger Moore. Diolch am 92,347,630 o olygfeydd anhygoel, mae pob un yn cael ei werthfawrogi'n fawr. Thanks for 92,347,630 amazing views, every one is greatly appreciated. Shot 23.04.2022 at the Bicester Spring Scramble, Bicester, Oxfordshire 158-038

[chaifootsteps]

This video explains more about what happened to James after he deleted his Youtube channel and other socials after the immense backlash.

 https://youtu.be/Zf-ZhRI7Xcs?feature=shared

Ooh!

[transport-methodology-101]

The Aston Martin DB5 is a British grand tourer (GT) car produced from 1963–1965. It's best known for its appearances in James Bond films, starting with Goldfinger in 1964. This exposure got attention as the “most famous car in the world”. James Bond’s gadget laden Silver Birch DB5 in Goldfinger became many a schoolboy’s dream and adults too!. The DB5 was an evolution of the DB4, with a larger 4 liter engine, Girling disc brakes, and a ZF 5-speed gearbox. It also featured electric windows and twin hydraulic brake servos. More details and performance specifications here: https://www.astonmartin.com/en-us/models/past-models/db5-db5-convertible#:~:text=Often%20billed%20as%20the%20%E2%80%9Cmost%20famous%20car,in%20Goldfinger%20became%20many%20a%20schoolboy's%20dream.

[fereise]

Image 1:

Image 2:

Got this idea after a personal chat with SkyKain :iconskykain: and acknowledged that Globi, Ratly, Waffle, and Gutty (their OCs) are game and cartoon nerds XD

First image:

- Prominently featured with Ratly along with the aforementioned gals (as icons).

- Definitely inspired by Random CS:GO Bullshittery (part 3) by SovietWomble of the ZF Clan.

- As for the songs they are singing:

1) Shut Up by Black Eyed Peas (Globi and Waffle)

2) Shut Up! by Simple Plan (Waffle)

3) One Step Closer by Linkin Park (Gutty)

Second image:

It’s time for @skykain’s gamer gals once again 😆 This time I imagine them as if they play Left 4 Dead series via VR or with their own advanced hologram ;)

From left to right: Gutty, Ratly, Waffle, and Globi.

- Each of the gals also use other weapons apart from what I've portrayed here.

- If Waffle wanna use a flamethrower, she has to install certain mods, lol XD

[blis00ya]

eruhan family

my most ambitious modern au headcanon for my most precious rarepair, the lineup for their children was finalized 230911 bcs 9 kids soothe my eyes

the family tree: hange-smith

the parents: erwin smith and zoe hange

bit of a background: they were classmates during kindergarten and he immediately grew a crush on her, but he had to go back to the UK due to his family's business. they met again during college and immediately hit it off and started dating despite a 3-year age difference.

hailing from a big family, zoe wanted to recreate it; crushing on zoe so hard, erwin wanted it too.

he eventually inherited his parents' companies and she became a scientist in many fields.

irish twins: eren and armin

while eren was planned, armin was definitely NOT. the former was a honeymoon baby while the latter... well, blame erwin! they have a 1-year age gap.

zoe thought of their names because she wanted it to sound like erwin's name. eren's green eyes are from both his grandmothers' eyes which made him all the more adored while armin took all of erwin's features, making him erwin's favorite. zoe was the main caretaker of the two but they're undeniably daddy's boys.

eren will be a firefighter and armin the sole heir of erwin's businesses.

the golden child: sasha

sasha was born 5 years later, inheriting all of zoe's features which erwin absolutely loved, making him see that she does no wrong in his eyes.

the couple decided to concentrate on the irish twins before having her who was her brothers' dream come true since they had been wishing for a sister. she's spoiled rotten and eremin does not allow her to do any household chores despite teaching her how. zoe was her main caretaker but she's both a daddy and mommy's girl.

she'd grow to be a baker and open her bakeries.

the triplets: pieck, marcel, porco (PMP)

6 years after doting on the favorite child, the couple decided it's time for another, although this time, they didn't expect it to be triplets. while they were overjoyed, zoe's siblings were stressed for her but erwin's parents were excited for them.

pieck had her the hair color of zoe's mother, but both grandmothers and zoe's sister declared her as their favorite, also armin's because she's smart; marcel is eren's favorite because he's very diligent, quiet, and observant, ever the peacemaker; porco is sasha's favorite because he used to follow her around and obey her every request just to get her approval. erwin is their main caretaker but they're very much the babies of their eldest siblings.

pieck would grow to be a journalist, marcel a diplomat, and porco an air force member.

fraternal twins: zofia and falco (ZF)

after 4 years, the couple again didn't expect they'd have another set and zoe's OB wanted to smack the shit out of erwin.

erwin named zofia because he wanted something similar to zoe's name while armin named falco because he felt like it. the triplets joked that the ink went dry with the twins' hair (and the two absolutely believed it). falco adores eren the most while zofia idolizes armin so much even if he's always making her cry for the fun of it. erwin was their main caretaker but the triplets helped the most.

zofia would be an astrophysics major and falco a literature major.

youngest: ymir

the result of erwin's request to zoe 7 years later and she agreed because she also missed having a baby in the house.

eren named her and declared her the sister he didn't know he was missing, she's closest to him and the twins; her grandparents liken her to a cat because she's always curled up with her parents. shy and distant with the triplets, the couple were her main caretaker with the rest of the siblings helping out.

she'd grow to be a pediatrician.

[abhisheykgaur]

Understanding the ZFS File System: A Comprehensive Guide

The ZFS file system is known for its robustness, scalability, and advanced data integrity features. Originally developed by Sun Microsystems, ZFS (Zettabyte File System) has grown in popularity due to its powerful features like data compression, snapshotting, and self-healing capabilities, making it a favorite among system administrators for managing large amounts of data.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the unique features of ZFS, how it compares to other file systems, and guide you through setting it up on a Linux system. By the end of this article, you’ll understand why ZFS is a top choice for enterprises, personal storage, and cloud environments alike. Read More:

https://abhisheykgaur.wordpress.com/2024/10/21/understanding-the-zfs-file-system-a-comprehensive-guide/

[watchrw]

The History Of Replica Watches

The Origin of Replica Watches

Replica watches, as the name suggests, are copies of world-famous watch brands (such as Rolex, Omega, IWC, Panerai, etc.). They are produced using molds taken from the original models, with an appearance identical to the authentic versions. The term "high-quality replica watch" first emerged in China at the end of the 1980s. When the national watch industry was established, to consolidate its own watchmaking influence, China imported more than a hundred thousand sets of watchmaking equipment from Switzerland. For the sake of overall harmony, it is estimated that this equipment was distributed among Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangdong. The former two have become what are now the Shanghai Watch Factory and the Seagull Watch Factory, while Guangdong has become the largest site for watch parts assembly. It was against this backdrop that high-quality replica watches slowly emerged. In 2013, NOOB Factory's replica watches, known as the "five great pieces", soared in popularity and kicked off the era of high-quality replica watches! To this day, Guangzhou's replica watch market attracts traders from all over the world on a daily basis, with trade covering the globe. Modern high-quality replica watches now widely use domestic movements that imitate ETA movements, and the quality of these movements is quite impressive. They also perform exceptionally well in terms of accuracy.

Some watch enthusiasts who love Swiss luxury watches used to disdain replica watches, viewing them as nothing more than cheap knock-offs with poor workmanship and quality. However, once they actually encounter the replica watches from major factories like N Factory, ZF Factory, and KW Factory, they realize that even though these watches may only cost around 2,000 yuan, their craftsmanship, water resistance, luminous effects, and other features can far exceed those of Swiss luxury watches that cost over ten thousand yuan. This is why high-quality replica watches have always been bestsellers overseas.

The Two Major Bases of High-Quality Replica Watches

1. Taiwanese High-Quality Replica Watches

Taiwan is the pioneer of the replica watch industry. Whether it's replicating electronic products or Swiss luxury watches, its technology can be considered world-class. While creating numerous billionaires, it has also given rise to many new stars in the field of high-quality replica watches. Neighboring Taiwan, Fujian was among the first to establish the replica watch industry in the Pearl River Delta, operated by people from Fujian. Due to Taiwan's legal system, the official crackdown on high-quality replica watches has become increasingly stringent, leading to a gradual shrinking of Taiwan's replica watch market, which is difficult to return to its former glory.

2. Guangzhou High-Quality Replica Watches

Currently, China's replica watch market is mainly concentrated in the Zhanxi watch market in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. After twenty years of development, there are no less than a hundred replica watch factories, focusing more on quantity than on quality. Since most of their orders come from undeveloped regions overseas, with virtually no after-sales issues, these watches cannot match the quality of Taiwanese replicas. However, in terms of watch movements, these factories have produced an uncountable number of them. Well-known domestic mechanical watch movement manufacturers include the Hangzhou Watch Factory, Tianjin Watch Factory, and Guangzhou Watch Factory. The movements made by the Guangzhou Watch Factory, known as Mingzhu movements, are commonly used in ordinary high-quality replica watches. Currently, there are many watch factories on the mainland, and any reputable manufacturer has its standout products, all of which are sources of high-quality replica watches, such as N, H, ZF, KW, TF, BP, MK, JF, V6, etc. As part of a grey industry, the replica watch market is full of mixed quality, and it's very chaotic. For instance, Factory N and Factory H might share the same case manufacturer... Each manufacturer has its own models they excel at, such as Factory N's Fifty Fathoms and the Master Compressor.

What Are High-Quality Replica Watches

Appearance High-quality replica watches are modeled directly after authentic products, made to the same proportions, and typically achieve a 1:1 ratio in comparison to the originals. The materials often used include 316L stainless steel, and some high-end replicas have started utilizing 904L stainless steel for increased comfort, virtually indistinguishable from the genuine article. In terms of polishing and the finer details, replicas can now match the original watches without discernible differences.

Movement As is well-known, the heart of any watch lies in its movement. Since domestic mechanical watch movements can only perform basic timekeeping functions and have yet to achieve the more complex chronograph functions, replica watches opt to use Swiss mechanical movements. However, Swiss luxury watch manufacturers have their own unique processes for creating movements, which they use exclusively and in limited quantities. These movements are not available for purchase by others to create replicas. Consequently, replicas now extensively utilize domestic movements that imitate ETA movements, and these movements are of quite high quality, performing impressively in terms of accuracy. Common imitations include ETA 2824, 2836, and 2892 movements, particularly the 2836 is often used in Rolex replicas.

Price In the replica watch industry, pricing is primarily determined by the movement utilized. As mentioned, replica watches largely use domestic movements modeled after ETA's 2824, 2836, and 2892, among others. Watches priced between 1,000 and 2,500 yuan usually feature something like the Seagull imitation of the 2892 movement, which, in terms of finishing and appearance, closely resembles the real ETA 2892. This type of movement is often used in ultra-thin watch models. Models ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 yuan typically incorporate chronograph functions using movements from Shanghai or Dandong watch factories, imitative of the ETA 7750 series. Fiyta's aviation series and Rossini's chronograph watches, for example, utilize the 7750 movement produced in Shanghai. Watches with manual winding often employ movements from Hangzhou or Seagull factories, modeled after the ETA 6497, and are used in replicas of brands like Panerai, with accuracy comparable to the real ETA movements found in authentic Panerai watches. Prices generally range from 3,000 to 6,000 yuan, with many featuring tourbillons. The tourbillon movements used in high-quality replicas are typically from Dandong and Beijing, although arguably the best domestic tourbillons are produced by Seagull. However, due to their higher price, they are less commonly used by replica watch manufacturers.

Wearing High-Quality Replica Watches

High-quality replica watches can now emulate the functions of the original models, so correct usage and maintenance during wear are extremely important.

Water resistance depths of 30M and 50M do not mean that the watch can be submerged 30 or 50 meters underwater without allowing water in. The 30M and 50M ratings are for everyday life water resistance only, and these watches should not be worn while swimming.

General water-resistant replica watches are not intended for swimming or diving. Although they use sealing measures that prevent splashes and everyday sweat from entering, they should not be submerged in water. In real life, constant temperature and immobility do not exist. Therefore, wrist activities in water can significantly increase water pressure on the watch and, based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the watch case may expand and allow vapor to enter the movement through the gaps and then condense into droplets. Over time, the movement could rust.

Leather straps, whether made of cowhide or alligator leather, have a lifespan. Generally, they should be replaced after two to three years of wear. During daily wear, try to avoid contact with chemicals and corrosive substances such as acids, alkalis, and salts to prevent damage to the appearance of the watch, affecting its look and use.

It is best not to wear the watch while engaging in outdoor sports. High-speed vibrations at the wrist can damage the movement of the watch. The anti-magnetic capabilities of general mechanical watches are limited, and if exceeded, the steel components within the watch can become magnetized. The hairspring may also be affected, leading to inaccuracies in the timekeeping, either running slow or fast, and in severe cases, the watch may stop altogether.

If a mechanical watch is not worn for an extended period, it should still be wound regularly.

Mechanical watches inherently have errors, and these are larger than the errors in quartz watches. If you absolutely cannot tolerate inaccuracies, consider purchasing a quartz or digital watch.

Calendar watches cannot use the quick-set mechanism to change the date during a certain period, known as the "forbidden zone". During this time, the date changing gear teeth are aligned with the gap on the calendar disc, and using the quick-set feature can obstruct the rotation of the calendar disc, potentially damaging the components. Therefore, do not use the quick-set date adjustment during the "forbidden zone". Do not adjust the calendar of the watch between 10 pm and 2 am as this can possibly damage the movement if done repeatedly.

If wearing a watch with a leather strap style, it's better to have an additional nylon weave or rubber strap for summer wear. Sweat can cause significant damage to leather straps due to the increased likelihood of perspiration in the summer.

Purchasing High-Quality Replica Watches

Due to the unique nature of the high-quality replica watch industry, sales are primarily conducted online, as it is not feasible to open physical stores and offer public sales. Currently, the NOOB factory is highly recommended among replica watch manufacturers, so many dealers name their replica watches after the NOOB factory. There are innumerable websites selling replica watches, and online you can find sites such as the "N Factory Official Website," "N Factory Flagship Store," and various sites claiming to be associated with the NOOB factory, leading to a lot of confusion. It makes it quite difficult for an end buyer to discern where to purchase.

Online, the term "N Factory" initially referred exclusively to the NOOB factory, but it has now become a synonym for all high-end replica watches. The so-called official websites for replica watches are actually just gimmicks aimed at attracting customers. Many NOOB factory models have ceased production, and the currently available noob watches include popular Rolex models like Submariner, Sea-Dweller, Datejust, Oyster Perpetual, Daytona, Yacht-Master, and a limited number of Patek Philippe, Audemars Piguet, and a few niche brands. It's unrealistic to sell only NOOB factory products. Websites typically named after the NOOB factory or N factory generally focus on NOOB factory products, supported by other major factory goods, and our website is no exception.

Our website is a replica watch dealer platform that directly cooperates with the NOOB factory, mainly used to stabilize market prices and release new models, but in the past two years, it has also collaborated with other factories. Watches on our site are straightforward, with clear categories, full range of styles, and you can find almost all major factory products here, which is convenient and reliable. The pricing is also reasonable, ensuring that customers won't be deceived. Everyone is welcome to visit and learn more.

Lastly, a few words from the heart: one should maintain a good mindset when buying high-quality replica watches. It can be said that particularly with mechanical watches, you should be prepared for the possibility of issues, and this is true even for authentic models. Although the replica watch industry may not be highly reputable, a lot of effort is put in. Do not underestimate a high-quality replica watch—the processes involved are nearly as extensive as those for the original, making the replica industry quite challenging.

[moonlitcomet]

TAXONOMIC SUPERCLASS ANV-1 - ANIVERA

UNIT 01 - XF-99

Xalloburos frenalta

Common name "Cerana"

XF-99 is a small herbivorous animal bearing superficial resemblance to earthan rain frogs. It is in the taxonomic superclass Anivera, like all animals in this document. XF-99 is considered one of the most famous animals of Whenoth, well known for its cute appearance and feisty behavior. XF-99 usually feeds on small shrubs and ground mosses found on the surface of Whenoth, and prefers to keep its home near dry caves or burrows where it can hide.

While the animal seems harmless from a glance, XF-99 is known to defend itself through shrill and loud shrieking, produced by puffing up its large throat sack and blowing air through the secondary breathing gill behind its shoulders. This defense mechanism is proven very effective to large eyeless predators, as well as its enormous false eyes on its tympanic membranes and almost smiling appearance on its throat sack. XF-99 is incapable of bringing any harm to any human or humanoid, but it will pretend it is dangerous whenever it feels afraid, which is almost all the time.

UNIT 02 - ZF-25

Zenudonus felkus

Common name "Travos"

ZF-25 is a colossal herbivorous animal that has developed a strange adaptation which allows it to feed on the enormous claw cactuses that overrun the Whenothian deserts. Its lips have evolved into a toothy beak and the teeth inside its mouth are large and axe-like, splitting open the thick flesh of the plants with ease. As it chews the spiny plants, the spines of the cacti are ground up into a fine mash which can then be safely swallowed. ZF-25 are known to feed almost exclusively on the claw cacti, due to its plentiful and nutritious nature. They are hyperadapted to not need to drink for nearly months on end, as they get most of their moisture from the food they eat.

ZF-25 are highly social animals- usually living in groups of up to 5- and are generally peaceful to other species, as their colossal size and thick hides are near impenetrable to almost every other animal on the planet. They have been observed with several species of small animals on their backs, which usually consist of insect-sized defisers and the larger anivers that eat them. While amicable, ZF-25 are not to be trifled with, for one whip of their tail or slam of their neck can instantly kill almost any predator that is hit by it.

UNIT 03 - TW-57

Tellyastra Wuronits

Common name "Dentuo"

TW-57 is one of the superpredators of Whenoth, being the second largest known land carnivore on the planet. About the size of a small horse, TW-57 is able to keep up with one as well. TW-57 are well known for their speed and endurance, with their highly adapted nostrils being able to take in more hydrogen while they run. The shape of their body allows the movement of their legs to stimulate their lungs, meaning less energy is spent on actively breathing and more is spent on running.

They're iconic for their eyeless muzzle and splitting jaw which gives an appearance of two mouths. While the evolutionary purpose of the splitting jaw is unknown, the whiskers floating off of it seem to be used for intraspecies communication.

TW-57 usually hunts alone, but can occasionally be seen hunting in mated pairs. Being in the Wrathinida taxonomic order, they are a trisex species with a predominantly hermaphroditic sex that seems to be outcompeting other sexes. All hermaphroditic individuals have both inseminator and gestator features, and seem to be compatible with the other two sexes as well.

UNIT 04 - TW-8

Tuolestris Wenter

Common name "Tulit"

TW-8 is a small, docile carnivore about the size of a dog. Related to the fearsome TW-57, TW-8 uses its compact body and long legs to keep up with its much larger prey. They are known as the land-mosquitos of Whenoth, with their enormous eyes and long proboscis that can stab their prey and drain their fluids. TW-8 can spot an XF-99 from over a kilometer away and have been reported to be able to run for days on end.

While docile, TW-8 are very skittish, and prefer to run from threats or puff up their large feathery manes to give off the impression of being a much larger animal.

As is with TW-57, TW-8 is in the taxonomic order Wrathinida which means they are one of the few aniver genuses that have a trisex reproductive system. TW-8 has a more even distribution of sexes, with typical gestator and inseminator not being as overrun as they are with their larger cousins.

UNIT 05 - QR-117

Qilladus rastris

Common name "Turril"

Being the last on the document for now, QR-117 is a burrowing omnivore that primarily eats small defisers and chromasors. They are notable for their small and compact bodies, which combined with their large shovel-like jaws are excellent for burrowing into the dense Whenothian soil. QR-117 are popular outside of Whenoth as plush animals and children's mascots, and are frequently compared to bulldogs with their humorous appearance and tough personalities.

QR-117 has a distinct sexual dimorphism outside of the typical aniver pheromone flag, in which the inseminator sex has a red mane rather than a dull green. QR-117 with larger and more colorful manes will typically be seen as more desirable.

[toyotaofnorthcharlotte]

The 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition is Here

Toyota has announced the 2024 Toyota GR lineup – and we’re so excited to show you one of our favorites on the lineup. The 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition is all the buzz in the sportscar community, and one of the main reasons is that it commemorates the Toyota AE86’s 40th anniversary. Since this N Charlotte Toyota sportscar has so many cool features, we will make it simple for you.

2024 Toyota GR86 Trueno Edition Performance

The 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition comes with an upgraded performance package – that comes in both manual and automatic transmissions. You’ll be able to add this performance package to your 2023/2022 Toyota GR86, so don’t worry if you’re not able to get your hands on this particular N Charlotte Toyota. Let’s get into it.

There will be ZF SACHS Dampers and Brembo brakes that come standard on all models.

These features will enhance the consistency of handling, ride comfort, and brake system.

Automatic and, now, manual transmission models are equipped with Active Safety Suite. The system has features like Pre-Collision Braking and Adaptive Cruise Control.

Plus, this Toyota is super light at 2,811 pounds with the aluminum hood, front fenders, and roof panel – making it one of the lightest sports cars on the market.

The naturally aspirated 2.4-liter FA-24 engine has 228 horsepower and 184 lb.-ft. of torque. This makes this N Charlotte Toyota go from 0-60 in just 6.1 seconds for the 6-speed manual transmission and 6.6 seconds for the six-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission. 

Finally, you can go into track mode with the push of a button and switch off vehicle stability control.

What does the 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition interior and exterior look like?

As mentioned earlier, this N Charlotte Toyota sportscar is an homage to the Toyota AE86, which is very popular in the anime and manga community because of the anime ‘Initial D’. If you don’t know – although you should – Initial D is about a character named Takumi Fujiwara and his rise to being a downhill racing hero in his Toyota AE86. Since the anime is so well known, the Toyota AE86 has been coined the ‘initial D car’. Now, let’s get into what the modern initial D car will look like when you first take a look:

To start with a bang, it will come with a number plate that marks the 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition.

It comes with a black-wrapped hood, black TRUENO Edition side panels, and a black duckbill spoiler. 

As a tribute to the 1980s model, this N Charlotte Toyota sports car will have a ‘TRUENO Edition’ badge on the front bumper lip and rear decklid.

Also, other accents this ride will have are black metallic 18-inch, 10-spoke aluminum alloy wheels with black door handles and mirror caps.

This is what you’ll step into:

Ultrasuede sport seats that are trimmed with red leather, a red-stitched shift boot, and a leather-wrapped steering wheel.

‘TRUENO Edition’ shift knob and all-weather floor mats.

Finally, an 8-inch touchscreen has Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. Those features are complemented with 8 premium speakers to rock out to on your drive.

2024 Toyota GR86 Trueno Edition Price 

We don’t have the exact MSRP of the 2024 Toyota GR68 TRUENO Edition, but we can guesstimate that it will be around $35k-40k because the 2023 Toyota GR86’s starting price is $28,400. And with all the special features and it being limited, there will be an obvious bump in the price.

Stop by Toyota of N Charlotte 

If you want to get behind the wheel of this sports car, then stop by Toyota of N Charlotte! Also, stay posted on our social media for any updates about this ride. We’re located at 13429 Statesville Road. Take exit 23 off I-77 in Huntersville.

[wheelsgoroundincircles]

1968 Mirage M2

1968 Mirage M2

1968 Mirage M2

The Mirage M2, featuring an aluminum monocoque with fiberglass bodywork, was constructed in 1968 by John Wyer for the 1969 WSC. Sponsored by Gulf Oil, powered by a BRM Formula One 3-liter V-12 engine developing approximately 370 hp, it is configured as raced in the 1969 Nurburgring 1000 km with the original two-valve heads and Lucas mechanical injection mated to a ZF five-speed transaxle. Tested by Ickx and Oliver and raced by David Hobbs and Mike Hailwood, with a seventh-place finish at Spa, it is significant because of its position in the history of the WSC. Of the three M2 chassis, only '03' is fitted with the original two-valve engine making its significance even more evident. A rare, seldom-seen example of John Wyer Automotive's innovative engineering design and execution, the BRM Mirage is exotic and beautiful by any automotive enthusiast's standards.

[toyotaoforlando]

4 reasons to get the 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition

Toyota is revving its engines for the 2024 Toyota GR lineup - and a new trim is being added to the 2024 Orlando Toyota GR86 lineup: the TRUENO Edition (it means ‘thunder’ in Spanish). Many Toyota fans are excited about this trim because it celebrates its throwback design - the Toyota AE86 from the 1980s. But, what does this trim have that makes it so special? We’re going to make it simple for you.

What we love about the 2024 Toyota GR86 Trueno Edition

#1: The design – and its throwback features

The Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition features retro two-toned paint and ‘TRUENO Edition’ badging. As said earlier, it is styled like the Toyota AE86 as an homage to its 40th anniversary. The Toyota AE86 was a part of the 5th generation of Toyota Corollas from 1984 to 1987 and showcased sporty liftback styling, pop-up headlights, and an angular hood.  But, it also has a modern look with its 10-spoke 18-inch black metallic wheels, a black duckbill spoiler, the black TRUENO graphics on the side panels, and two paint colors to choose from - Halo or Track bRed. 

#2 - See what’s inside 

We talked about the exterior – now it’s time to go inside this Orlando Toyota’s cockpit. When you go inside you’ll see that it is extremely comfortable and easy to manage with the low-slung, driver-centric layout with the push-start button, 8-inch touchscreen audio system with 8 premium speakers. You’re going to be sitting in Ultrasuede sport seats with red leather, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, special all-weather floor mats with ‘TRUENO’ badging, and red-stitched shift gear.

Since the beginning of time, Toyota has been all about safety – and it doesn’t stop at this Orlando Toyota sportscar. It comes standard with Active Safety Suite with Pre-Collision Braking System, Pre-Collision Throttle Management, Adaptive Cruise Control, Lead Vehicle Start Alert, Lane Departure Warning with Sway Warning, and Automatic High Beams. 

#3 - The speed.

Toyota has never failed when it comes to reliability - and if you want to go 0-60 mph in just 6.6 seconds? You’ll be able to with the 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition. This Orlando Toyota sportscar can do this with its naturally aspirated 2.4L FA-24 engine – the horsepower is 228 and the torque is at 184 lb.-ft. It also has rear-wheel drive and comes in both a 6-speed manual and a 6-speed automatic transmission.

The 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition has special perks – and even if you aren’t able to get it on your hands, you can add it to any GR86 year and/or trim. The special performance package includes ZF SACHS Dampers and Brembo brakes that offer maximized performance. This new package ensures firm and stable steering, maximized ground contact, and a quieter cabin.

#4 - The NASA membership 

The 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition comes with a complimentary one-year membership to the National Auto Sport Association – which makes your experience even better. With this membership, the 860 GR86 TRUENO Edition owners (yes we said 860) will be able to receive discounts on NASA-sanctioned events and other benefits – like one free High-Performance Driving Event.

Channel the Initial D car in this new Toyota special edition

Not only Toyota sportscar fans are excited about this trim being added to the Orlando Toyota GR86 lineup - but also anime fans. Initial D is a manga-turned-anime that focuses on the evolution of Takumi Fujiwara where he becomes a downhill racing hero in a Toyota AE86 – which the 2024 Toyota GR86 TRUENO Edition takes stylistic cues from. So, the car has been coined the name ‘initial D car’. 

See a new 2024 Toyota GR86 Trueno Edition in person

Ready to make this Orlando Toyota yours? Stay tuned – we’ll keep you updated if you follow us on social media. You can also call Toyota of Orlando to get more info and arrival dates at (407)298-4500. We’re conveniently located just off I-4 across from the Mall at Millenia if you want to swing by!

[otrho]

ZFS snapshots

If you're like me and you're running a long lived FreeBSD server, and it uses ZFS but you don't really need or use the ZFS features and are frankly confused by it and prefer the old ffs days and you're wondering where all your disk space has gone since zpool says one thing but df says another...

You probably have a bunch of snapshots of older versions of FreeBSD put there by freebsd-update taking up space you could reclaim.

zfs -t snapshot will give you an idea and zfs destroy will let you delete the old ones.

I recovered about 10GB this way recently, on my 20GB VPS this was very handy.

[privatekeymagazine]

Aston Martin Vantage Roadster 2025

Refined Power, Redefined Luxury The 2025 Aston Martin Vantage Roadster debuts as a dramatic reimagining of open-top grand touring. Equipped with a twin-turbo 4.0-liter V8 engine that produces 656 horsepower and 590 lb-ft of torque, the Roadster achieves a breathtaking 0 – 60 mph in just 3.5 seconds. Top speed? A blistering 202 mph. However, what makes it even more luxurious is how that raw power is delivered with grace, balance, and precision. Its 8-speed ZF automatic gearbox ensures that transitions are both seamless and lightning fast. The Roadster features a newly calibrated adaptive damping system, rear electronic differential, and stiffer chassis geometry for optimal handling. Whether maneuvering through coastal switchbacks or gliding across long stretches of highway, the Vantage Roadster delivers a visceral yet composed ride that elevates every mile into an experience. → Explore the 2025 Aston Martin Vantage Roadster on the official site Iconic Style With Aerodynamic Genius From the outside, the Vantage Roadster presents a profile both timeless and aggressive. Its wider grille, sculpted bonnet vents, and flowing rear haunches deliver purposeful elegance. The signature “Z-fold” roof stows in just 6.8 seconds while driving up to 31 mph, allowing for spontaneous top-down indulgence. Aston Martin engineers have maintained a 50:50 weight distribution, even with the convertible design. Subtle aerodynamic tweaks including a rear diffuser, underbody paneling, and integrated spoiler ensure the Roadster hugs the road with authority, even at triple-digit speeds. Signature 21-inch forged alloy wheels and carbon ceramic brakes complete its performance-ready stance. Aston Martin Interior Crafted to Captivate Inside, the cabin reveals a masterclass in British luxury. Hand-stitched leather seats with contrast Alcantara inserts contour perfectly to the body. Buyers can choose from Aston Martin’s Q personalization division, offering infinite bespoke materials, trim inlays, and color palettes. The next-gen infotainment system includes Apple CarPlay Ultra, integrated satellite navigation, and a 1,170W Bowers & Wilkins audio system for immersive in-cabin acoustics. A reconfigured digital display enhances both usability and visual harmony. → For an in-depth review, see Road & Track’s 2025 test drive: https://www.roadandtrack.com/news/a60849759/2025-aston-martin-vantage-roadster-review/ The Verdict: Power Meets Exclusivity More than just a convertible, the 2025 Aston Martin Vantage Roadster is a declaration of style and power. It appeals to those who value bespoke craftsmanship and track-level performance wrapped in sculptural elegance. Priced at over $200,000 and with limited allocations globally, it represents a compelling entry into ultra-luxury summer motoring. From Palm Springs to the French Riviera, this is the convertible designed not just to arrive but to be remembered. Read the full article

[aimarketresearch]

Lane Keep Assist System Market Size, Share, Demand, Key Drivers, Development Trends and Competitive Outlook

Executive Summary Lane Keep Assist System Market :

Lane Keep Assist System Market report is a comprehensive study about the market which tells about what is the market status in the forecast period of 2018-2025. This analysis gives an examination of various segments that are relied upon to witness the quickest development amid the estimate forecast frame. Analysis and discussion of important industry trends, market size, market share estimates are mentioned in the report. This Lane Keep Assist System Market study also analyzes the market status, growth rate, future trends, market drivers, opportunities and challenges, risks and entry barriers, sales channels, distributors and Porter's Five Forces Analysis.

The Lane Keep Assist System Market business document is a professional in-depth study on the current state of the market. This market research report also conducts study on production capacity, consumption, import and export for all major regions across the globe. Analysis and discussion of important industry trends, market size, and market share estimates are revealed in the report. The market report also contains the drivers and restraints for the Lane Keep Assist System Market that are derived from SOWT analysis, and also shows what all the recent developments, product launches, joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions by the several key players and brands that are driving the market by systemic company profiles.

Discover the latest trends, growth opportunities, and strategic insights in our comprehensive Lane Keep Assist System Market report. Download Full Report: https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-lane-keep-assist-system-market

Lane Keep Assist System Market Overview

Segments

Based on component, the Lane Keep Assist System market can be segmented into cameras, sensors, actuators, and others. The cameras segment is expected to witness substantial growth due to the increasing demand for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) in vehicles.

By vehicle type, the market is categorized into passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The passenger cars segment is projected to dominate the market owing to the rising demand for safety features in passenger vehicles.

On the basis of sales channel, the Lane Keep Assist System market is divided into original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and aftermarket. The OEMs segment is anticipated to hold a significant market share due to the increasing installation of ADAS in new vehicles.

**Market Players**

- Bosch - Continental AG - ZF Friedrichshafen AG - Delphi Technologies - Magna International Inc. - Valeo - Mobileye - Autoliv Inc. - Denso Corporation - Hyundai Mobis - Mando Corporation

The global Lane Keep Assist System market is witnessing significant growth with key players introducing technologically advanced products to enhance vehicle safety and driving experience. The market is highly competitive, with companies focusing on innovations and strategic partnerships to gain a competitive edge. Integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning into lane keep assist systems is a key trend among market players to improve the accuracy and efficiency of these systems. Moreover, the increasing emphasis on autonomous driving technologies is driving the demand for lane keep assist systems across the globe.

Lane keep assist systems are becoming increasingly popular among consumers, as they help in preventing accidents by automatically steering the vehicle back into its lane if the driver unintentionally drifts out. This feature is becoming a standard in modern vehicles, further propelling the market growth. Additionally, stringent government regulations mandating the installation of ADAS in vehicles for improved road safety are boosting the adoption of lane keep assist systems.

Overall, the global Lane Keep Assist System market is poised for significant growth, driven by technological advancements, increasing safety concerns, and the rising demand for connected and autonomous vehicles.

One of the emerging trends in the Lane Keep Assist System market is the increasing focus on the integration of advanced sensors and actuators to improve the accuracy and efficiency of these systems. Companies are striving to develop more sophisticated solutions that can effectively detect lane departures and assist drivers in maintaining safe driving practices. This technological advancement is crucial in enhancing road safety and mitigating the risks of accidents caused by human error.

In conclusion, the Lane Keep Assist System market is poised for substantial growth driven by technological innovations, regulatory mandates, and changing consumer preferences. Market players need to stay ahead of the curve by investing in research and development, fostering strategic partnerships, and aligning their product offerings with evolving industry trends. With the increasing focus on vehicle safety and autonomous technologies, the Lane Keep Assist System market presents lucrative opportunities for companies to capitalize on the growing demand for advanced driver assistance systems.The Lane Keep Assist System market is currently experiencing widespread growth driven by several key factors. One of the primary drivers of the market is the increasing focus on vehicle safety and the integration of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) in modern vehicles. As safety concerns continue to rise, consumers are increasingly seeking out technologies that can enhance their driving experience and minimize the risks of accidents. Lane keep assist systems have emerged as a vital component in this regard, as they help drivers maintain control of their vehicles and prevent unintended lane departures.

Moreover, the market is witnessing a surge in demand for connected and autonomous vehicles, where lane keep assist systems play a crucial role in ensuring safe and efficient driving. With advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, market players are developing more sophisticated solutions that offer improved accuracy and reliability in detecting lane departures. This emphasis on technological innovation is reshaping the landscape of the Lane Keep Assist System market, driving companies to invest in research and development to stay competitive.

Additionally, regulatory mandates and safety standards imposed by governments worldwide are shaping the market dynamics by requiring automakers to integrate ADAS features such as lane keep assist systems into their vehicles. These regulations are propelling market growth as automakers strive to meet compliance requirements and enhance the overall safety of their vehicles. Strategic partnerships and collaborations among industry players are also boosting innovation and driving market expansion, allowing companies to leverage synergies and access new technologies to enhance their product offerings.

Furthermore, the increasing consumer preference for vehicles equipped with advanced safety features is contributing to the growth of the Lane Keep Assist System market. As consumers become more conscious of road safety and seek enhanced driving experiences, the demand for technologies like lane keep assist systems is expected to continue rising. Companies that can effectively integrate these features into their vehicles stand to gain a competitive edge in the market and cater to the evolving needs of consumers.

In conclusion, the Lane Keep Assist System market is positioned for significant growth driven by key factors such as technological advancements, regulatory compliance, consumer preferences, and industry partnerships. Market players need to stay innovative and adaptive to capitalize on the expanding opportunities in this dynamic market landscape. As the automotive industry continues to evolve towards connected and autonomous solutions, lane keep assist systems will play a crucial role in shaping the future of safe and efficient driving experiences for consumers globally.

The Lane Keep Assist System Market is highly fragmented, featuring intense competition among both global and regional players striving for market share. To explore how global trends are shaping the future of the top 10 companies in the keyword market.

Learn More Now: https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-lane-keep-assist-system-market/companies

DBMR Nucleus: Powering Insights, Strategy & Growth

DBMR Nucleus is a dynamic, AI-powered business intelligence platform designed to revolutionize the way organizations access and interpret market data. Developed by Data Bridge Market Research, Nucleus integrates cutting-edge analytics with intuitive dashboards to deliver real-time insights across industries. From tracking market trends and competitive landscapes to uncovering growth opportunities, the platform enables strategic decision-making backed by data-driven evidence. Whether you're a startup or an enterprise, DBMR Nucleus equips you with the tools to stay ahead of the curve and fuel long-term success.

What insights readers can gather from the Lane Keep Assist System Market report?

Learn the behavior pattern of every Lane Keep Assist System Market-product launches, expansions, collaborations and acquisitions in the market currently.

Examine and study the progress outlook of the global Lane Keep Assist System Market landscape, which includes, revenue, production & consumption and historical & forecast.

Understand important drivers, restraints, opportunities and trends (DROT Analysis).

Important trends, such as carbon footprint, R&D developments, prototype technologies, and globalization.

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Data Bridge Market Research set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric market research and consulting firm with an unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best market opportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the market. Data Bridge endeavors to provide appropriate solutions to the complex business challenges and initiates an effortless decision-making process. Data Bridge is an aftermath of sheer wisdom and experience which was formulated and framed in the year 2015 in Pune.

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