A 2,300-Year-Old Three-Headed Statue of Goddess Hecate Discovered in Turkey
In the ancient city of Kelenderis in Mersin, located in the south of Turkey, the statue of the 3-headed goddess Hecate, which is evaluated to be 2300 years old, and ceramics belonging to the Hellenistic period were unearthed.
The ancient city of Kelenderis is located at the Mediterranean coast of Turkey in modern town of Aydincik, which is in the province of Mersin.
In the ancient city of Kelenderis, the excavation and restoration/conservation works started in 1987 continue uninterruptedly. There have been exciting developments in the studies carried out this year under the coordination of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and Batman University.
Head of the excavation, Associate Professor Mahmut Aydın, stated that the Roman period floors were unearthed in this season’s excavations and that they found a large amount of Hellenistic ceramics in these floor fillings.
Statue depicts three similar figures of Goddess Hecate joined together and facing in different directions. This is because these statues were used at Crossroads. These statues, which are few in number, were placed on pedestals, where the directions were inscribed. Hecate statues also marked boundaries.
Stating that the Hecate figurine was found in the underfloor fillings behind the odeon, Aydın continued as follows: “The 3-headed Hecate figurine was found in the layer where the ceramics were found. The figurine is about 20 centimeters.”
“Looking at the connection between the goddess Hecate and Kelenderis, we know that there is a Hecate temple in the ancient city of Lagina in Muğla, and an inscription found there indicates that Kelenderis is among the cities that participate in competitions held every five years in honor of Hecate. Furthermore, Kelenderis is also among the cities that show respect for the sacred area of Hecate and pledge not to attack it. Therefore, the discovery of the Hecate figurine in this excavation site is meaningful. We evaluate that the work is 2300-2400 years old and belongs to the Hellenistic period.”
In ancient Greece, Hecate was venerated as a goddess of the underworld, capable of both good and evil. She was associated with magic, witchcraft, the moon, and creatures of the night such as ghosts. Her face was also depicted on doorways.
The work will be delivered to the Silifke Museum after its examination.
By Oğuz Büyükyıldırım.
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The statue of a young and beardless Heracles was unearthed in Philippi, Macedonia, Greece. The statue dates to the 2nd Century AD and it was found within the ruins of a building dating to the 8th - 9th Century, where it was used as decoration. More and more findings are evidence which points at the use of ancient art and scupltures for the decoration of Byzantine houses and other buildings, further weakening the dated argument that the Byzantine Empire maintained a stance of hostility towards Classical Antiquity.
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Vinzenz Brinkmann's reproductions as a part of an exhibition Chroma - polychrome statues of Ancient sculptures in color.
Featured here: the so-called Terme Boxer from the Quirinal in Rome and a marble funerary stele of Phrasikleia (detail).
Photo source: 🏺
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Head of Ancient Greek Statue of Dionysus Found in Libya
In a stream, an archaeologist working in the ancient Greek city of Cyrene in todays Libya, found the head of the statue of Bacchus, also known as Dionysus in Greek, the god of wine and theater.
Archaeology in ancient Greek city of Cyrene
While carrying out research in the city of Shahhat near the ancient Greek city of Cyrene in eastern Libya, an archaeologist detected something of interest. Nestled in the foothills of the al-Jabal al-Akhdar region, Issam Al-Menfi spotted a severed part of an ancient statue.
The item is the third to be discovered since Storm Daniel hit the eastern region of Libya last September, according to Libyan News Agency. It was collected by Menfi for scientific purposes.
The agency confirmed that the head of the statue is that of Bacchus, as the Romans called him, or Dionysus, as he was known to the ancient Greeks. The god was symbolic of a number of things, including wine-making, orchards and fruit, vegetation, fertility, festivity, insanity, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theater.
Cyrene is believed to have been founded in 631 BC by Greeks from the island of Thera (Santorini), located in the Aegean Sea. The settlers’ first ruler, Battus, founded the dynasty of the Battiads, which ruled the city for eight generations until 440 BC.
The city grew under the rule of the Battiads, eventually encapsulating several ports known today as Marsa Susah, al-Marj, and Benghazi.
With the rise of Ptolemaic Egypt in 323 BC, Cyrene prospered intellectually and became one of the classical world’s most influential places. In due course, with its great philosophers and renowned medical school, the city caught the attention of the Romans, who brought it under their control in 96 BC.
Between the years 67 and 30 BC, Cyrene merged with the then Roman province of Crete, where the provincial capital was located. Cyrene became the chief city. Archaeology in Cyrene has been particularly fruitful.
Another Sculpted Head of a Dionysus Statue Discovered in Aizanoi
Another manifestation of the sculpted head of Dionysus was discovered earlier in the ancient Greek city of Aizanoi in today’s western Turkey. It was found alongside the marble head of Aphrodite, the goddess of love. Aizanoi, like Cyrene, was an important political and economic center in Roman times.
At the time of unearthing, excavation coordinator Gokhan Coskun told Anadolu Agency: “These are important findings for us, as they show that the polytheistic culture of ancient Greece existed for a long time without losing its importance in the Roman era.”
Coskun, an archaeologist at Dumlupinar University in Turkey, went on to explain that the statue heads had been found in a previous dig but weren’t unearthed until some time after in a creek bed in Aizanoi. The archaeologist believes the findings point to a possible sculpture workshop in the region.
In August, a statue of the ancient Greek goddess Hygieia, the goddess of health and cleanliness, was also unearthed in Aizanoi.
By Matthew Norman.
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