#css iframe

[fishdanshi]

Found out about your tumblr through neocities, any advice for people thinking of learning to make one themselves? You captured the era perfectly!

Ty! i learned by taking templates and looking up whatever i wanted to code, also looking at other people's sites for reference helped

[seepweed]

Your site has convinced me to go make a neocities (tumblr glitching paranoia has gotten to me and by god I will be going back to the early 2000s if this place goes down) and oh my god coding is hard. I am in agony. Yes it's going to look very much like your site I am squinting so hard at your html trying to figure out how to do it. This is the worst looking thing I have ever made but there are three buttons that go nowhere now so I'm succeeding mildly at least

OMG PERCY!!! WELCOME TO THE NEOCITIES CRAZE!!! i'm literally so honoured to have inspired you to make a site. funnily enough, i *also* joined neocities after the tumblr-unfunctional-paranoia got to me, albeit in 2022. welcome to coding hell 😎

god, coding is hard. i hope you’re having fun, though. it's such a great hobby, once you're in The Zone. it’s a little like modeling a little clay image... digitally... anyways! i’m here to say: YOU’VE GOT THIS!!! feel free to reuse any code i’ve put down on octagon and PLEASE please please tell me your link!!! i want to look at it (regardless of “how much” is on there).

i’m sure you’re getting the hang on things fast, but since you activated my yapper mode, you now have to sit through unsolicited advice <3

if you’re looking for coding help, https://www.w3schools.com/ is a goldmine, as is https://htmlcheatsheet.com/. also, with CRTL+U you learn something new! ALWAYS investigate nice code to understand how they did that. and https://32bit.cafe/interactingontheweb/ has a lot of good tips for being social off of social media.

general rule of thumb is always: coding is digital arts + crafts. break your website. it’s more pronuctive than always coding in a breeze. never apologise for dropping off the earth and not updating in 6 weeks, 8 months or 15 years. some websites have been unmanned since 2001 and are still running, so don’t worry about it.

furthermore, i need to state that i'm a really bad example of a neocities coder LMAO. i code in the editor, i have 0 offline copies of my files and my form is chaotic at best. my website runs on pure html+css, i don't use javascript (yet) or iframes. most people code their sites in notepad, then run them in a compiler like https://playcode.io/html and THEN they post them to neocities. i am lazy. i do this directly IN neocities. don't be like me. save your page.

also. I’ve been doing this for 3 years. like, on the day for three years actually. here’s how my very first webpage looked in 2022:

anyways. HAVE FUN. MAKE FRIENDS. DON’T FORGET TO BE YOURSELF. SPARKLE ON!!! NEVER HOTLINK! you’ve got this, if you have any questions, feel free to ask. i’m not sure i will be able to answer, but we can try haha. and PLEASE TELL ME YOUR WEBSITE!!! i would love to look at it and in classic neocities fashion, i’d obviously LINK YOU.

and here’s some sites that are awesome :3

The Maximalists. mobile inaccessible, IMAGE HEAVY!

https://ninacti0n.art/ EYESTRAIN

https://olliveen.neocities.org/ EYESTRAIN

https://phrogee.neocities.org/ EYESTRAIN

The Webcartoonists. also image-heavy. also probably not mobile accessible.

The Minimalists.

[baileylockheart]

How to get rid of tumblr controls and "open in app" banner for your theme!!

I was able to take my theme from looking like this:

to looking like this!!

and all I did was use ublock origin to pick the problems, grab the cosmetic filter classes, and use this css to remove them!!

.iframe-controls--desktop.tmblr-iframe--loaded.tmblr-iframe--unified-controls.tmblr-iframe, .iframe-controls--phone-mobile.tmblr-iframe--loaded.tmblr-iframe--unified-controls.tmblr-iframe{ display:none; }

it's such a small thing but it made it SO much easier to get my theme to work the way I want it to!!

[kriskukko]

Hello!! I hope you are doing well. Your art is so freaking amazing 👏 I'm just enjoying my time looking at all of it!!! I did have a question tho-- how did you make your webcomic website? I'm curious of the all the steps you took!

this is going to expose my age and personality, but my website making process has two steps in total

-- get the domain/hosting (mine is over at a finnish hosting site) -- code it

and when i say code i mean like, some real mid 2000s shit when i was 13 years old. straight up barebones html and css. there are many good actual website makers these days, but i am a self-proclaimed control freak nincompoop so to me it has always appeared faster to just 'make it from scratch' to get exactly what i wanted (i owe w3schools.com my everything by now probably). i figured -- worked for me a nigh decade ago why wouldn't it now? its still just a string of links is it not (and while it was A THING to have back in the day, am glad iframes are no longer around). i have upgraded my game with some very rudimentary php since ye olden days, but even that i only use for one of the graphic novels. turns out you can really make updating a website and layouts and stuff easier by making a composite out of multiple files and then updating the parts separately. SO NEAT. i will acknowledge that while i thought of responsiveness in the coding process, it is probably not perfect. this is my blatant mirror marketing, since i personally prefer to read things on bigger screens and it is the headscape the art was made etc etc. as such, i'll just take this opportunity and formally apologize to everyone on mobile if the experience is atrocious at your end. with that said -- thank you for the kind words and the question! they brought much joy and nostalgia to my afternoon <3

[privilegejunkie]

If you add the Tumblr like and reblog buttons to your custom theme, it embeds an entire iframe into the DOM for each button, per post, which is total fucking ass. It also only lets you choose white, black, or grey for the icon colors for some reason.

Gonna write some JS to hack around this and extract the iframe supplied API url for like/reblog actions. I tried to re-construct the API url with a little reverse engineering, but it felt way too fragile; like it could break with some minor future update from Tumblr’s side. I only had the like action working consistently using this approach.

Next steps, if I can’t get a clean reverse engineering approach working:

1. Leverage Tumblr’s embedded iframes, but set the CSS display property to none for them.

2. Use JS to extract the API endpoints from the iframes for the actions.

3. Construct sane, normal links, with the href set to the extracted API endpoints.

[lunarsilkscreen]

Abstraction Tech and Webpages

Dear W3C (et. al)

I have an improvement white paper that you may actually be able to use this time.

The one thing we see as a [necessity] when it comes to developing web sites and pages and even apps and large-scale operations; is the need to break off the <html> part of a file from the <article> part while (not) adding overhead, extraneous scripting, or most importantly; MESSING WITH THE OUTLINE.

This is how most if not *every* website online has come into being. That does. Rely on [Pure HTML] because it's too cumbersome for [Dynamized Content]

And the internet; is nearly all Dynamic Content.

So there's frequent and [WAY TOO MANY] different frameworks and approaches to address this issue when we could just... Ask you to fix the thing that everybody keeps over engineerimg their websites to provide at a [Native Level] which is usually way to High-Level to be considered [Native to the Software]

And this increases complexity and limits understanding for the layperson.

Brief;

There needs to be support for <HTML Snippet-pages> {[coined-term pending] thanks to [HTML Snippets] already existing as a term};

Or HTML pages that do not start at <HTML> and can start at any defined <HTML> tag, like <Article>.

In this way <Article> pages could then be cycled through and <iframe> OR a [Dedicated Viewer HTML for Articles with {definition}]

This also helps clean up our <js can exist everywhere, and here is why> paradigm that is great. Allowing for {scripts} to be loaded along with the {article} where {it frickin should be}.

This *also* allows for alternative [bundling methods] that can be utilized at a [Native] or [Lower Power] level.

A *completed HTML application* definition for example that allows you to simply compile all the separate things into the same App-Facade. Which can help alleviate [Download Time Measurement] issues as well.

And all of things reduce the *amount* of generated and pre-generated content at the server level and *SUPER DUPER* would help reduce the complexity and difficulty it takes to become a [Full-Stack Developer]

There also *should* be the following subsequent considerations;

{CSS/JS} engine reduction that is sandboxed and appropriate. (Ability to cross between CSS and JS where it *matters* to the *Rendering Engine*)

And something more blended for approaches that require [Custom][Rendering][Engine] {sandboxes}.

And, you know, *more* scripting [sandboxes] so the fun stuff that *can* be hacked is kept separate from the [important bits] that *should not* be Hacked.

Giving Legal Precedence for the following statement;

"{Wrote *and* executed} an [automated script] for the [explicit purposes] of [Hacking] {that which} [was not intended] to be [used] by [The Developers] in such a [manner.]

(And/Or) May have been responsible for [causing damages] that {mayhaps *should*} be [viewed as] either [Negligent or Malicious].

(And/Or) May be *fine* if the [automated script] {stayed} in [the Sandbox] *where* [it{approved hacks}] were [intended to go]."

[brightgreendandelions]

i added a lil anime list to my website!! it's an a bit boring looking table for now, because it's generated as xml (wow) by my python script, and doesn't have any nonfunctional css yet.

i'm thinking how i can make it prettier? should i include it as some sort of iframe?

[diwayaps]

sidequests! with diwa

sidequests! with diwa was the first attempt at executing the ideology i made this sideblog for.

born from an inspired 1-month stint at learning old school webmastery, i obsessed over html and css to code my first blog semi from scratch. it's hosted on github and i have no intentions of taking it down (at least anytime soon).

it was quite fun and the skills i picked up has, in the most part, positively affected how i go about my existence on the internet.

the contact page is my favourite page of the whole site. in fact, this blog links to it as my online guestbook.

the landing page for the "blog" section is pretty neat too! i intended to make special 88x31 buttons for the "read the latest" iframe to advertise new blog posts. i only ever made one – the button i intended for the whole site itself, made for the introductory blog post.

i thought about editing the about section when i made this sideblog but it was a cute time capsule of the time i made the site. i'm thinking of keeping it as such. i figure it might be fun to return to in a decade and see how much i've changed or how far i've come.

the obvious question then is why i made this blog when i had already poured so much effort into coding my own. the very simple answer is that it became too intimidating to maintain.

to be clear, it would not have been difficult to just keep using it. i had already prepared templates of pages for regular use. copying and pasting wasn't what daunted me.

i grew up on the internet after the dot com bubble popped. the social internet was the internet i came of age in. sidequests! with diwa was simply out of my regular commute.

i experimented with medium, blew the dust off my wordpress, almost settled on substack, but i was raised on this dashboard – between the discourse and the discord.

time and time again i return to tumblr. so tumblr it is "to house my hobbies, interests, and thoughts." to continue quoting the about page on sidequests! with diwa, "i'm hoping that i can use this to share my experiences, opinions, and creations to the worldwide web in a way that feels genuinely me (and uniquely mine)."

[subarashiihibi]

i was serious when i said that anon got me motivated to finally work on my izaya site again... i finally am making my merch page look pretty and cute...

it used to be just within an iframe before this but i was mulling over the layout because the iframe i use on the main page is too small to just have all my merch contained in it so i thought i should retire the obsession with iframes and just make a separate page... i made this site when i was 17 and just found out about iframes so i was trying to use them as much as possible...

i'm thikning i wanna try smth w js on the navigation bar.er actually now tht i think abt it it might be easier to do in css LOL at any rate. i'm excited. not too excited about having to optimize it for other screen resolutions though. (dramatic big sad eyes)

[saide-hossain]

Let's understand HTML

Cover these topics to complete your HTML journey.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language used to create web pages. Here's a comprehensive list of key topics in HTML:

1. Basics of HTML

Introduction to HTML

HTML Document Structure

HTML Tags and Elements

HTML Attributes

HTML Comments

HTML Doctype

2. HTML Text Formatting

Headings (<h1> to <h6>)

Paragraphs (<p>)

Line Breaks (<br>)

Horizontal Lines (<hr>)

Bold Text (<b>, <strong>)

Italic Text (<i>, <em>)

Underlined Text (<u>)

Superscript (<sup>) and Subscript (<sub>)

3. HTML Links

Hyperlinks (<a>)

Target Attribute

Creating Email Links

4. HTML Lists

Ordered Lists (<ol>)

Unordered Lists (<ul>)

Description Lists (<dl>)

Nesting Lists

5. HTML Tables

Table (<table>)

Table Rows (<tr>)

Table Data (<td>)

Table Headings (<th>)

Table Caption (<caption>)

Merging Cells (rowspan, colspan)

Table Borders and Styling

6. HTML Forms

Form (<form>)

Input Types (<input>)

Text Fields (<input type="text">)

Password Fields (<input type="password">)

Radio Buttons (<input type="radio">)

Checkboxes (<input type="checkbox">)

Drop-down Lists (<select>)

Textarea (<textarea>)

Buttons (<button>, <input type="submit">)

Labels (<label>)

Form Action and Method Attributes

7. HTML Media

Images (<img>)

Image Maps

Audio (<audio>)

Video (<video>)

Embedding Media (<embed>)

Object Element (<object>)

Iframes (<iframe>)

8. HTML Semantic Elements

Header (<header>)

Footer (<footer>)

Article (<article>)

Section (<section>)

Aside (<aside>)

Nav (<nav>)

Main (<main>)

Figure (<figure>), Figcaption (<figcaption>)

9. HTML5 New Elements

Canvas (<canvas>)

SVG (<svg>)

Data Attributes

Output Element (<output>)

Progress (<progress>)

Meter (<meter>)

Details (<details>)

Summary (<summary>)

10. HTML Graphics

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)

Canvas

Inline SVG

Path Element

11. HTML APIs

Geolocation API

Drag and Drop API

Web Storage API (localStorage and sessionStorage)

Web Workers

History API

12. HTML Entities

Character Entities

Symbol Entities

13. HTML Meta Information

Meta Tags (<meta>)

Setting Character Set (<meta charset="UTF-8">)

Responsive Web Design Meta Tag

SEO-related Meta Tags

14. HTML Best Practices

Accessibility (ARIA roles and attributes)

Semantic HTML

SEO (Search Engine Optimization) Basics

Mobile-Friendly HTML

15. HTML Integration with CSS and JavaScript

Linking CSS (<link>, <style>)

Adding JavaScript (<script>)

Inline CSS and JavaScript

External CSS and JavaScript Files

16. Advanced HTML Concepts

HTML Templates (<template>)

Custom Data Attributes (data-*)

HTML Imports (Deprecated in favor of JavaScript modules)

Web Components

These topics cover the breadth of HTML and will give you a strong foundation for web development.

Full course link for free: https://shorturl.at/igVyr

[piovra]

Piovrandom 3.0!

1. Piovrandom ha 16 anni e ho deciso di creare una terza veste. L’ultima realizzata era ormai datata nel 2015, ai suoi 7 anni.

2. Doppia colonna per la versione desktop, monocolonna per i dispositivi mobili (>1024px), con menu a comparsa da sinistra.

3. La 3.0 l’ho battezzata come “Nuntemollo” perché era doveroso e necessario un intervento serio sia di abbellimento che di ordine, oltre che di pulizia. Tra le altre cose, recentemente sono apparsi problemi con i post sincronizzati con Instagram, da cui venivano condivise le foto e diciamo chiaramente che era "l'alimentatore" principale in questo lido. Purtroppo però, non per colpa mia, non è più possibile il sincronismo automatico e gli embed manuali risultano orripilanti per la grafica: in sostanza non è più possibile condividere la sola immagine, bensì l'intera porzione del post su ig che comprende anche il nickname con sfondo bianco: soluzione orripilante per la veste di questo sito. In termini tecnici, il post viene inserito come se fosse un iframe che include tutto il contenuto. Per quanto mi riguarda, tutto ciò comporterà che le prossime foto verranno pubblicate manualmente. Una bella seccatura, ma non posso fare diversamente. Ultimamente le politiche di Zuckerberg mi stanno allontanando spontaneamente da Instagram poiché ormai è tutto incentrato sui reels e sulle produzioni video. In sostanza, è diventato un secondo Tik Tok e ciò è il motivo per cui ho condiviso mooolto meno anche qui. Tumblr, dopotutto, è rappresentato il mio terzo lido per quanto concerne la blogosfera: la mia storia sulla blogsfera, difatti, è sintetizzabile con l’esordio su Splinder nel 2002/03, poi MSN Spaces (12/2024) infine WordPress. Tumblr è nato a cavallo tra gli MSN Spaces e Wordpress nel 2006 ed oggi è l'unico blog rimasto in vita dopo aver mandato Piovrablog in pensione due anni fa.

4. I Tumblr sono l’unico luogo dove sento così vicino il ricordo degli MSN Spaces, per quello che hanno rappresentato nella vita del sottoscritto. La soddisfazione di tirare su un proprio spazio graficamente, con solo codice HTML/CSS/JS è un qualcosa di indescrivibile. Cerco sempre di realizzare le cose come meglio dovrebbero rappresentarmi e ciò vale anche per questo luogo.

5. Elenco dunque le cose su cui ho lavorato principalmente:

Fix alla struttura mobile che aveva diversi bug, alcuni dei quali da impazzirci solo per individuarli. Ho anche fixato lo sfondo che ora rimane fisso;

Riordinato le info post spostando tutto sotto ogni post. In sede ho aggiunto anche i pulsanti di condivisione: Facebook, Whatsapp, X, Pinterest, Telegram e mail;

Aggiunti effetti ai bordi (ben visibili su desktop) e gli effetti slide alle due colonne.

Sistemate le immagini e i video adattandoli ad ogni schermata. Ho cercato quanto più possibile di ordinare la visualizzazione di un set di foto;

Aggiunte pagina "privacy policy" e "disclaimer", ricordando a tutti questo tumblr è monitorato da tempo da Google Analytics e che i dati prelevati sono in formato anonimo;

Sistemate le pagine di ricerca e tag;

Tornata visibile la lista dei like e reblog sotto ogni post. I pulsanti stessi di interazione per la Community sono stati spostati sulla sinistra.

Sembrano poche cose, ma in realtà mi hanno portato via diverse ore che ho sfruttato nel mio tempo libero. E' da Gennaio che ho iniziato a rimettere mani sul codice. Così, tanto per farvi capire. Conclusioni. Anche se ormai i social hanno letteralmente divorato il pubblico delle nostre blogsfere, non smetterò mai di ringraziare gli ormai pochissimi sopravvissuti che mi leggono e soprattutto tutti coloro che come il sottoscritto continuano ostinatamente a produrre contenuti alla vecchia maniera, che poi alla fine sono il modo migliore per descrivere i nostri mondi, più di qualunque altra cosa, immagini filtrate e ben selezionate comprese.

Grazie a tutti. ❤️

[anyhs-themes]

Hi Anyh. I'm using your invert button, and was wondering if you could help me. My sidebars are fixed in the theme I'm using, but when "dark mode" is enabled, the sidebars start scrolling with the theme, instead of staying fixed. Could you possibly help me figure out how to keep them fixed while the theme is inverted? Thank you in advance!

Hi! That happens when we add the "invert colors" effect straight to the body of the theme, which is what that button does in order to easily invert the whole theme at once.

The way to fix it is to instead of applying the effect straight to the body, we will apply it separately to each element of the theme. So I took a look at the code of the theme you are using and made you a custom code. Just note that different themes have different elements, so this code I'm giving you only works for the theme you are using right now.

Replace the script of my invert button on your theme with this one:

<!-- INVERT COLORS (by http://anyhs-themes.tumblr.com) --> <script> $(window).ready(function(){ $("#at_inverter_cores").click(function invertColors(){ $(this).find("i").toggleClass("fa-toggle-on"); $("body").toggleClass("body-inverter"); $(".yeeet, .veeet, .ubilu").toggleClass("inverter"); $("img, figure, iframe, .photoset, .pxu-photo").toggleClass("inverter"); $("figure").find("img").addClass("naoinverter"); $(".photoset").find("figure").addClass("naoinverter"); }); }); </script> <!-- INVERT COLORS (by http://anyhs-themes.tumblr.com) -->

And on the CSS part of my invert button code, find "body.inverter {background: #222222;}" and replace it with:

body.body-inverter {background: #222222;}

Let me know if doesn't work correctly. Have a nice day/night! :)

[globalresourcesvn]

Hướng dẫn fix 💡 Giải thích và khắc phục các lỗi không tải được CSS và nhúng iframe 🌿💖👉🍀🍀😲

💡 Giải thích và khắc phục các lỗi không tải được CSS và nhúng iframe 🌿💖👉🍀🍀😲 Dưới đây là các lỗi phổ biến bạn gặp phải và cách khắc phục chúng: 🌟 1. Lỗi không tải được CSS từ URL (MIME type ‘image/jpeg’): Nguyên nhân: Bạn đang cố gắng tải một tệp hình ảnh (.jpeg) dưới dạng tệp CSS, nhưng trình duyệt từ chối do định dạng không khớp. Trình duyệt yêu cầu MIME type phải là text/css thay vì…

[lord-html]

Menu creativeshadow

Veja o menu

Peguei um menu que tinha feito e dei um jeito de deixar ele fofinho. Sempre gosto de mexer no shadow e fazer coisas legais, porque sim, tem como fazer isso. Antes de postar o código vou explicar algumas coisas.

CSS:

A primeira div/class, que é chamada de .simplemenu é a div de posição, referencia em fontes, valor da fonte e entre outras coisas. Nessa div a gente vai determinar que fonte vamos usar, qual o tamanho, se ela vai ficar em caixa baixa ou alta (text-transform). O que não deve ser tirado é o overflow hidden, que é o que faz com que nada saia de dentro daquele local. Essa div tem um valor determinando então o tamanho dela, que é os 800px no width e tem também o height. Dai vai depender do tamanho que você usou para o local do menu no seu theme. O line-height é do mesmo valor do height em questão, isso é o alinhamento do texto dentro da caixa, colocando o mesmo valor referente ao height vai ficar ‘centralizado’ de cima para baixo. O position absolute informa que vai ficar por cima de qualquer coisa e o margin-top e left informa a direção que o menu vai ter, onde ele vai ficar.

A class/div .simplemenu a determina a formatação do link que estiver dentro da div simplemenu. Ou seja, é nessa parte que temos que dar espaçamento entre os links, que usamos o text-shadow para o efeito. No text-shadow eu usei um -1000px para que demorasse um pouco até que o texto aparecesse e que sumisse ao nossos olhos, porque o que realmente queremos é que apareça apenas ao passar o mouse. Usei um color normal na fonte, você deve escolher uma cor que bata com seu theme. Usei o margin left e right para dar espaçamento entre os links. Ainda na formatação do link, temos um border-bottom: 5px solid transparent; e no local onde seria a cor temos o comando para que fique transparente. Isso faz com que o border exista mas não apareça. Porque se eu não colocasse isso e no hover eu colocasse uma cor no border, faria um efeito estranho, como se o menu tivesse subindo. (ou não).

A div/class .simplemenu a:hover é a a formatação do hover do link, dai tem todo o esquema do shadow já com o numero 0 que faz com que apareça. O color esta transparente para que apenas o shadow fique com a cor escolhida e temos o border já com a cor determinada.

O que temos que reparar é que tem o transition no hover e no não hover, isso faz com que a transição seja lenta e fique bonito.

E é isso, não tem mistério.

Código css, você deve colocar isso antes de

/* ------- creative shadow   ---- */ .simplemenu { overflow: hidden; text-transform: uppercase; cursor: pointer; font-family: "Futura Md BT"; position: absolute; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 10px; width: 800px; background: #fff; height: 50px; line-height: 50px; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-weight: bold; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #b1d8c5; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #b1d8c5; box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #b1d8c5;} .simplemenu a { color: #b1dac6; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; text-shadow: -1000px 0px 0px #d6bc97; -webkit-transition: all 0.5s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.5s ease; -o-transition: all 0.5s ease; } .simplemenu a:hover { color: transparent; text-shadow: 0px 0px 0px #d6bc97; -webkit-transition: text-shadow 0.5s ease; -moz-transition: text-shadow 0.5s ease; -o-transition: text-shadow 0.s ease; border-bottom: 5px solid #eee;}

Agora vem o HTML, você deve por depois de body ou dentro do seu header.

<div class="simplemenu">         <a href="/">Home</a>         <a href="/">Dúvidas</a>         <a href="/">Tutoriais</a>         <a href="/">F.A.Q</a>         <a href="/">Themes</a>         <a href="/">Materiais</a>         <a href="/">About</a>         <a href="/">Dicas</a>         <a  onMouseover="this.style.background='#'" onMouseout="this.style.background='#'" onClick="document.getElementById('main').innerHTML=document.getElementById('leia').innerHTML" title=":)">Iframe</a> </div>

[qacraft2016]

What are the challenges faced in selenium automation testing?

While implementing test automation using Selenium, testers might come across several challenges in Selenium automation testing. Some common ones include: 

1. Dynamic Elements 

Issue: Web elements like buttons, links, or input fields to change dynamically (ID/name/location,) between runs of the same test. 

Resolution: To handle these changes, follow stable locators such as XPath, CSS Selectors, and dynamic waits (e.g., WebDriverWait). 

2. Handling Pop-ups and Alerts 

One: It is difficult to deal with various types of pop-ups, such as JavaScript alerts, file upload dialogs, and windows, in different browsers. 

Solution Selenium Native Method provided By switchTo() alert(), switchTo(). It manages operating system windows using JavaRobot commands & 3rd party tools like AutoIT to handle them. 

3. Cross-Browser Compatibility 

Issue: Variability among browsers — Browsers render elements differently and may specially interpret JavaScript. 

Resolution: You should regularly test on different browsers or through Selenium grid and cloud platforms like BrowserStack, making your scripts resilient enough to work across them. 

4. Page Load and Sync Issues 

Issue: Different network conditions would load the web pages at different speeds, which can cause flaky tests if scripts try to interact with elements that are not ready. 

Solution: Use expected waits (for example, WebDriverWait and fluent wait), rather than static sleep timings. 

5. Handling Frames and iFrames 

Issue: It is very difficult to find and operate elements inside the frame or iFrame, as Selenium needs to be switched onto a particular frame before acting on it. 

Solution: Use the switchTo(). The frame() method is used to switch over frame or iFrame before performing activities. 

6. Test Data Management 

Issue: It is hard to control the test data, especially when you have a huge number of tests. Most tests fail because of data dependency, or wrong Data. 

Resolution: Maintain test data in external sources such as Excel, CSV, or DB and ensure unique / refreshed (as per requirement) records for each run. 

7. Maintenance of Test Scripts 

Issue: Test scripts need to be constantly updated, due to modification in UI and functions of the application under test. This leads to higher maintenance efforts. 

Action: Introduce page object model (POM) or other structures to make maintenance easier, by having them in one place for locators and methods. 

8. Captcha and OTP Handling 

Challenge 1: Selenium generally gets interrupted while doing the automation with captcha images and OTP, as these are meant to prevent anonymous activity. 

Solution: Test environments in which Captchas/OTPs are eliminated or APIs invoked to directly read OTPs from the backend allowed by them. 

9. Speed of Execution 

Issue: One reason why Selenium tests might fall slow is the browser interaction overhead. 

Answer: Employ in parallel with Selenium Grid cloud forms, maintain the count of test cases to a minimum, and avoid unnecessary browser operations. 

10. CI/CD integration 

Challenge Three: Selenium testing takes time to integrate as it includes setting up an environment or managing dependencies and this makes the integration of Selenium Testing with Continuous Integration tools like Jenkins a daunting task. 

Done by using Docker containers throwing away the image after each build; this guarantees constant setup and consistent environment as well as sets dependencies up on our CI pipeline. 

11. Poor Support for Non-Web Apps 

Issue: The main problem is that Selenium is made for automating web browsers and it does not support desktop and mobile apps natively. 

Solution: Use other tools like Appium (mobile) or desktop automation tools with selenium for testing Desktop and mobile apps. 

12. Screenshot and Logging 

Issue: It becomes very hard to debug test failure without logging the exact point of break in case proper logs and screenshots are placed at the location where it fails. 

Solution: Use a logging framework (e.g., Log4j) to perform robust logs and, when an error happens use getScreenshotAs() from Selenium 

Conclusion:- 

Although Selenium is a powerful tool and widely used for UI automation of web-based applications, it has its challenges. Dealing with this complexity makes it hard to overcome the challenges of dynamic elements and synchronization problems which results in flaky tests that will increase maintenance efforts. But with the proper approaches including advanced senior locators, dynamic waits, robust test data management, and some of the page object model(pom) frameworks it could be reduced to a great extent. Moreover, making use of parallel execution to synchronize with CI/CD pipelines and complement Selenium's other tools (for handling pop-ups, Captchas, etc )will make the test automation process much more efficient and robust. Selenium automation should be a careful strategy, with the scripts always being updated and improved over time to scale high, reliability in tests.