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Space Power Supply Market | BIS Research

According to BIS Research, The space power supply market includes a broad range of solutions, such as solar power systems, batteries, energy storage devices, and power management technologies, all crucial for space applications.The growing need for more dependable and efficient power sources for satellites, spacecraft, and space stations has been the main driver of this market. The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions in space exploration is being met by advancements in space power technology, including sophisticated solar panels and high-capacity energy storage devices. Key companies like Airbus and Rocket Lab USA dominate the fiercely competitive space power supply business. Additionally, industry and consumer preferences are being shaped by the increased focus on sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and long-duration space missions, which is driving businesses to invest in cutting-edge technology and creative power solutions. In order to satisfy the needs of satellite operations and space exploration, this dynamic market is always changing.
The Space Power Supply Market was valued at $9,449.9 million in 2024 and is projected to reach $14,787.0 million by 2034, growing at a CAGR of 4.58% during the forecast period (2024–2034).
Industrial Impact
The space power supply market plays a crucial role in driving innovation and economic activity across aerospace, energy, and satellite sectors. The market supports a broad network of suppliers and encourages developments in power management, batteries, and solar technologies since big businesses like Airbus, Boeing, and Lockheed Martin engage in R&D and manufacture. These developments impact the larger electronics and energy sectors in addition to improving satellite and space mission capabilities. By promoting the development of renewable energy sources, the increased focus on sustainability is lessening its negative effects on the environment. Additionally, this market encourages cooperation with research institutes and space agencies, which advances the space economy and makes it more sustainable.
Market Segmentation
1. By Application:
Satellites
Space Exploration and Deep-Space Missions
Space Stations and Habitats
Launch Vehicles
2. By Satellite Orbit:
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
Beyond Earth Orbit
3. By Satellite Type:
Small Satellites (CubeSats, NanoSats) (1-10 kW)
Medium Satellites (10-15 kW)
Large Satellites (Above 15 kW)
4. By Component Type:
Solar Power Systems
Power Management and Distribution (PMAD) Systems
5. By Region:
North America
Europe
Asia-Pacific
Rest of the World
Recent Developments
5N Plus Inc. has announced that its subsidiary, AZUR SPACE Solar Power GmbH, successfully completed its 2024 production capacity expansion, increasing output by 35%, surpassing the original 30% target. By the end of 2025, AZUR plans to further boost solar cell production by an additional 30%, with minimal extra investment. This expansion will help meet the rising demand for space power supply solutions, enhancing AZUR's role as a key player in the space power supply market, particularly in advanced solar cell technology.
On June 11th, 2024, Rocket Lab announced that it had signed a preliminary agreement to receive up to $23.9 million in funding under the CHIPS Act to expand the production of space-grade solar cells. This investment will enhance Rocket Lab's manufacturing capacity for semiconductors used in spacecraft and satellites, creating over 100 new jobs in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The space-grade solar cells, crucial for national defense and space exploration programs such as NASA’s Artemis and the James Webb Space Telescope, position Rocket Lab as a key player in the space power supply market.
On January 31, 2022, Ascent Solar Technologies announced that it was selected by Momentus, Inc. to produce flexible CIGS photovoltaic (PV) modules for a demonstration deployable PV array. These modules will provide power to the Vigoride spacecraft, scheduled for a Low Earth Orbit flight in 2022. This collaboration highlights Ascent Solar’s role in advancing space power supply solutions with lightweight, flexible PV technology for space applications.
EaglePicher announced that its batteries are critical to NASA's Artemis I mission, providing power for both the Orion spacecraft crew module and the Space Launch System (SLS) flight termination system. The company supplied two 32-volt, 10 Ah silver-zinc batteries to ensure flight safety by powering the SLS’s flight termination system, which turns off propulsion in case of an emergency. This collaboration highlights EaglePicher’s role in advancing battery technology for space power supply and supporting deep space exploration missions.
Who are the major players in the space power supply market?
AZUR SPACE Solar Power GmbH
Spectrolab
Rocket Lab USA
SHARP CORPORATION
Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources
MicroLink Devices, Inc.
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
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Conclusion
The space power supply market is experiencing steady growth driven by increasing demand for efficient and reliable power solutions across satellites, space exploration missions, and launch vehicles. Thanks to developments in energy storage and solar power technology, satellites continue to be the largest application segment. The market serves a wide range of space missions and technological requirements with its varied segmentation by orbit, satellite type, and components. To satisfy the increasing demands of the industry, major firms from all over the world are actively developing. The market is anticipated to keep growing as space missions get more intricate and sustainability becomes more of a priority, becoming increasingly important to satellite operations and space exploration in the future.
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O General AC 1.5 Ton 3 Star Price – The Best Cooling Solution for Your Home!
When it comes to premium air conditioning, O General AC 1.5 Ton 3 Star is a top choice for those who seek efficient cooling with durability. This AC offers powerful performance, energy savings, and cutting-edge technology, making it a great investment for your home or office.
O General AC 1.5 Ton 3 Star Price & Features
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Sneak Peek into the Evolution of Video Game Development.
Video Games have come a long way from their pixelated beginnings due to technological advancements. Central to this transformation is CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery), which has made it possible to create visually stunning images, animations, and special effects using the latest cutting-edge tools and technologies. With rapid advancements in technology, 3D artists and game developers have pushed the boundaries of visual storytelling and developed captivating visual masterpieces.
In this blog post, we’ll dive into the fascinating history and evolution of CGI in video games.
A Brief Overview of the History of Video Games
The history of video games can be traced back to the days of arcade games and home consoles that relied on Pixel Art. Arcade games like Pong, Boot Hill, and Gotcha featured simple and monochromatic pixel graphics. As technology evolved, games like Namco’s Galaxian, Pac-Man, Space Invaders, and Super Mario Bros. used more attractive visuals with vibrant colours and different shapes. However, they had limited colour palettes, low resolutions, simple and block graphics, and relied on sprites and tiles for creating characters and environments.
Further came the era of 16-bit consoles like Super Nintendo and Sega Genesis. These consoles offered more colours, larger sprites, and visual effects. Games such as Final Fantasy VI, Sonic the Hedgehog, and Donkey Kong Country showcased this new generation of consoles with detailed sprites, vibrant colours, and immersive worlds.
A major shift in game development came with CGI. This technology enabled detailed and realistic graphics in video games to enhance the overall gaming experience and engage them. Developers began using 3D computer graphics software Maya to create stunning 3D animations, realistic environments, and characters.
The Evolution of CGI in Video Gaming
Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is the use of computer software to create realistic characters, objects, and environments. Visionaries like Ivan Sutherland and Ed Catmull set the stage for this breakthrough in 3D graphics technology. Further, pioneering artists like Manfred Mohr and Vera Molnar integrated algorithms that changed the boundaries of visual storytelling.
Besides video games, CGI made an indelible impact on film production, with Steven Spielberg’s “Jurassic Park” (1993) becoming an iconic movie with its introduction of lively and animated dinosaurs. CGI was utilized in James Cameron’s Titanic (1997), the Matrix (1999), and Avatar (2009) to produce stunning visuals that changed the way stories were visually narrated. Pixar’s Toy Story (1995) won the hearts of audiences due to its astounding use of CGI and became the first fully CGI movie.
The 8-bit 2D Era (1972-1984)
Video games utilized basic 2D sprite-based graphics
Resolution of Arcade games: 320*240 pixels
Resolution of NES games: 256*240 pixels
Sega Master System; 256*192 pixels
Backgrounds designed by repeating tile patterns
Sprites: 8*8 or 16*16 block
Limited colours. Only 2-16 colours for full screen
Bright solid colours
Sharp pixelation
The 16-bit Era (1985-1994)
Detailed sprite-based graphics and visual effects
16-bit consoles
Larger sprites, Higher resolution, Multiple colours
New features like Scaling, Rotation, Parallax effects, Dynamic lighting, Transparency effects, and liquid physics
Super NES: 256×224 to 512×448 pixels
Sega Genesis: 320×224 to 640×448 pixels
Animation-based Gameplay
The 3D Graphics Era (1993-1996)
Introduction of consoles like PlayStation and Nintendo 64 and 3D-capable GPU chips
3D-capable GPU chips for real-time polygon rendering
Development of gameplay mechanics like platforming, puzzle-solving, and exploration
Low polygon counts, low-resolution textures, No lighting or shading effects
Game: Starfox (SNES) utilised simple 3D models and environments at 3–15 FPS.
Virtua Fighter (Arcade) used basic texture-mapped 3D characters
Super Mario 64 (N64) became the first fully 3D Mario game with free camera control
The 6th Generation Era (1997-2005)
Introduction of home consoles like Dreamcast, PS2, and Xbox.
High polygon counts, advanced lighting and shading, and texture filtering through mipmapping.
Resolutions: 640*480 and beyond.
Development of detailed normal maps, early per-pixel lighting, and shadow techniques like heat haze and reflective water.
The Cinematic Pre Rendered Graphics Era (1997-2006)
Utilizing FMW (full motion video), pre rendered CGI backgrounds, Quick Time Events (QTEs), and 3D rendered backgrounds.
Live-action video clips popularized by Night Trap (1992)
Scripted in-game actions for visual spectacle
Games: Resident Evil, Final Fantasy VII, and Soul Calibur
HD Gaming (2005)
Introduction of Xbox 360, PF3, and modern PCs
HD 720p and 1080p gaming
High-definition resolutions, Advanced lighting engines, photorealistic textures, real-time shadow mapping, and HDR lighting
Complex engines like Unreal 3 for dynamic lighting
Higher memory budgets for photorealistic textures
Detailed normal and specular maps for high-complexity
Filters like cinematic tone mapping, depth of field, motion blur, and more
The Current State of CGI in Video Games
Photogrammetry for realistic environments
PBR – Physically based rendering for realistic materials and lighting
Ray tracing for reflections, shadows, and lighting effects
Introduction of 4K gaming with PlayStation 4 Pro, Xbox One X, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X
Advanced rendering techniques like ray tracing, and global illumination.
Character realism with motion capture and facial animation.
Integration of AR in Video Gaming with AR headsets like HoloLens
Games: The Last of Us Part II, Red Dead Redemption 2, Cyberpunk
Convergence of video games in films, animation, and VR
The Future of Video Gaming
With the evolution of CGI, video games will be more realistic, immersive, and engaging than ever.
More realistic lighting, shadows, and reflections with Ray tracing and 8K resolution.
AI tools will be more adopted to generate environments and characters.
Games will approach photorealism, creating completely lifelike experiences.
More immersive Virtual reality gaming with Oculus Rift, HTC Vive, and PlayStation VR headsets
Integrating AI, machine learning, and real-time rendering
Cloud gaming and cloud computing.
The Best CGI Animation Studio
In this digital era, it is important to hire a CGI animation studio for your multimedia needs like animated 3D series: TV or Web, shorts, films, commercials, live-action videos, or anything else. CGI is a groundbreaking technology that has the potential to change the game for you with more audience engagement, higher downloads, and licensing.
Prismart is one of the best CGI animation studios in New Delhi and has been catering to clients for over a decade. The company has a dedicated team of 150+ professionals, all experts in their respective fields, who are driven to hard work and results. The company is known for its fastest turnarounds, affordable budget, transparency, and client satisfaction.
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Collaborative Efforts: NASA and International Teams Researching Planetary Nebulae
The study of planetary nebulae has long fascinated astronomers, as these intricate clouds of gas and dust provide invaluable insights into the life cycle of stars. While NASA plays a leading role in space exploration, collaboration with international teams truly drives the advancement of research in this field. By pooling resources, expertise, and technology, NASA and its global partners have made remarkable strides in understanding planetary nebulae. This article explores the collaborative efforts shaping our knowledge of these enigmatic celestial objects.
The Importance of International Collaboration
Exploring planetary nebulae is a complex endeavor requiring cutting-edge technology and the combined efforts of experts worldwide. NASA has recognized the importance of working with international partners to enhance its research capabilities. By collaborating with agencies such as the European Space Agency (ESA), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and others, NASA can leverage a wealth of knowledge, share data, and maximize the potential for discoveries.
International collaboration is crucial for several reasons. First, the sheer volume of data generated by space observatories is immense, and sharing the workload between multiple agencies helps ensure that data is analyzed thoroughly and efficiently. Additionally, different countries bring unique technologies and expertise, allowing for a more comprehensive approach to studying planetary nebulae. These partnerships also provide access to observatories in other parts of the world, enabling a more continuous observation of space phenomena.
NASA's Role in Leading Global Partnerships
NASA has a long history of fostering international partnerships, especially in planetary nebulae research. One of the most notable collaborations is with the European Space Agency through missions like the Hubble Space Telescope. Hubble, a joint NASA-ESA project, has captured some of the most iconic images of planetary nebulae. Its detailed observations have provided astronomers with crucial data on these stellar remnants' chemical compositions, structures, and evolution.
In addition to the Hubble collaboration, NASA has partnered with other international teams on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), which was launched in 2021. The JWST, involving contributions from NASA, ESA, and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), is designed to observe planetary nebulae in the infrared spectrum, allowing scientists to peer deeper into these objects than ever before. The international nature of the JWST mission highlights how cooperation between space agencies can lead to breakthroughs in our understanding of the universe.
ESA's Contributions to Planetary Nebulae Research
The European Space Agency has been a key partner in planetary nebulae research, working closely with NASA to explore these celestial phenomena. ESA's involvement in missions like Hubble and the JWST has significantly contributed to the study of planetary nebulae, but the agency's missions have also played a vital role. For instance, the Herschel Space Observatory, operated by ESA, provided valuable data on the far-infrared emissions of planetary nebulae, offering insights into the temperature and composition of dust and gas.
ESA is also a driving force behind the Gaia mission, which aims to create the most detailed 3D map of the Milky Way. Gaia's precise measurements of star positions, motions, and distances have allowed astronomers to better understand the properties of planetary nebulae within our galaxy. By determining the exact distances to these nebulae, scientists can refine their stellar evolution models and better understand how stars evolve into planetary nebulae.
Contributions from Asia and Other International Partners
NASA's collaborations extend beyond Europe, with significant contributions from Asian countries such as Japan. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has been involved in various space missions that complement NASA's efforts in planetary nebulae research. One notable example is the Akari space telescope, a JAXA-led mission that observed planetary nebulae in the infrared spectrum. Akari's observations have helped scientists better understand the processes in stellar evolution's final stages.
Other international partners have also made valuable contributions. The Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), a large radio telescope in Australia, has been used to study the radio emissions from planetary nebulae, providing a different perspective on these objects. By combining data from multiple wavelengths—optical, infrared, and radio—NASA and its international partners can better understand the physical properties of planetary nebulae.
Future Missions and Expanding Collaborations
As NASA and its international partners continue to push the boundaries of space exploration, future missions will play a critical role in advancing our knowledge of planetary nebulae. One such mission is the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST), a NASA-led project that involves contributions from ESA and other international collaborators. WFIRST will be able to observe large sections of the sky in infrared, making it an ideal tool for studying planetary nebulae across the galaxy.
In addition to WFIRST, the proposed Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR) mission, which could launch in the 2030s, has the potential to revolutionize planetary nebulae research. LUVOIR is expected to be a multi-national collaboration involving not only NASA but also agencies like ESA and JAXA. With its wide wavelength coverage and high resolution, LUVOIR could provide unprecedented insights into the structure and composition of planetary nebulae and their role in the chemical evolution of galaxies.
Looking to the Stars Together
NASA's collaborative efforts with international teams have transformed planetary nebulae research, leading to discoveries that would not have been possible in isolation. By working together, space agencies worldwide have pooled their expertise, technology, and data to unravel the mysteries of these beautiful and complex objects. As future missions continue to explore the depths of space, the partnerships between NASA and its international collaborators will only grow stronger, ensuring that the study of planetary nebulae remains a cornerstone of astronomical research.
The future of planetary nebulae research is bright, with more international collaborations on the horizon. These partnerships are essential for advancing our understanding of the universe and serve as a testament to what can be achieved when nations unite in the pursuit of knowledge. As NASA and its global partners look to the stars, exploring planetary nebulae will continue to shed light on the life cycles of stars and the ever-evolving cosmos.
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Exploring the role of engineers in space exploration and colonization

Engineers play a significant role in space exploration and colonization. They design and develop spacecraft, habitats, and other necessary equipment for humans to explore and colonize other planets, such as Mars. Engineering allows for the actualization of the human desire for exploration through the development of innovative solutions. One notable example is the SpaceX mission, led by Elon Musk, which aims to colonize Mars. Engineering is crucial to the success of this mission, as it involves the design and construction of advanced spacecraft and habitats that can withstand the harsh conditions of Mars.
Aerospace engineering, in particular, is critical to space exploration. It involves the development of technologies required to design, build, and operate spacecraft and other equipment needed for space exploration.
Overall, engineering is revolutionizing spaceflight and contributing to a new space age, driven by advancements in technology and engineering.
How has engineering contributed to advancements in space exploration
Engineering has significantly contributed to advancements in space exploration by playing a crucial role in designing spacecraft, developing habitats for human colonization of other planets like Mars, and creating cutting-edge technologies for space missions. Aerospace engineering, in particular, has been instrumental in space exploration by developing the necessary technologies for designing, building, and operating spacecraft. Engineers have been pivotal in the development of advanced propulsion systems, such as nuclear propulsion and solar sails, which hold the potential for faster interstellar travel and deeper exploration into the cosmos.
Furthermore, advancements in aerospace engineering have led to the creation of reusable rockets, like those developed by SpaceX, which have revolutionized space access by significantly reducing the cost of space launches.
These reusable rockets have opened up new possibilities for satellite deployment, space tourism, and ambitious missions to other planets. In conclusion, engineering innovations in aerospace engineering have propelled space exploration forward, making it more accessible, cost-effective, and technologically sophisticated. These advancements continue to inspire humanity to reach for the stars and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos
What are some examples of engineering innovations in space exploration
Some examples of engineering innovations in space exploration include:
• Reusable Rockets: Companies like SpaceX have developed reusable rockets, which significantly reduce the cost of space launches and make space access more affordable.
• Advanced Propulsion Systems: Breakthrough technologies like nuclear propulsion and solar sails are being developed to enable faster interstellar travel and deeper exploration into the cosmos
• Collaborative International Missions: International cooperation in space exploration, such as joint missions like the Mars rovers Curiosity and Perseverance, showcases the power of shared knowledge and resources in advancing space exploration
• Next-Generation Space Telescopes: Advancements in aerospace engineering have led to the creation of cutting-edge space telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescope, providing unprecedented clarity in exploring the universe
• Interplanetary Missions: Engineers have developed innovative solutions for missions to neighboring celestial bodies, such as Mars rovers and upcoming programs like Artemis aimed at returning humans to the Moon
Top Engineering Colleges in Rajasthan which is Arya College of Engineering & I.T. having innovations are revolutionizing space exploration, making it more accessible, and technologically sophisticated, and inspiring humanity to reach new frontiers in the cosmos.
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James Barzini's Innovations and Inspirations
Introduction:
In the world of construction, few individuals leave an indelible mark on their craft. James Barzini, with his unparalleled mastery of wall plastering, stands as a testament to the fusion of artistry and technique in the realm of construction. In this article, we will delve into the innovative approaches and the inspirations that have shaped Barzini's distinguished career.

I. Innovative Techniques and Approaches:
Evolution in Materials Barzini's journey through wall plastering has witnessed a dynamic evolution in materials. This section will delve into the innovative use of materials, from traditional lime-based plasters to cutting-edge eco-friendly options, showcasing Barzini's commitment to staying at the forefront of industry advancements.
Precision in Application
Beyond materials, Barzini's innovative techniques extend to the application process. This part of the article will explore how he has refined and perfected the precision in plaster application, creating seamless finishes that elevate the aesthetic appeal of any space.
Integration of Technology In a digital age, technology has become an indispensable tool even in traditional crafts. Barzini's openness to embracing technology will be discussed, shedding light on how digital tools and software have augmented his design process, ensuring accuracy and efficiency in his projects.
II. Artistic Inspirations:
Nature as a Muse Barzini's work often reflects an intimate connection with nature. This section will explore how elements from the natural world influence his artistic choices, whether it be in the color palette, texture, or overall design. The incorporation of natural inspiration adds a unique dimension to his creations.
Architectural Heritage
Drawing inspiration from historical and architectural heritage is a hallmark of Barzini's work. This part of the article will delve into specific instances where he has paid homage to architectural traditions, infusing modern spaces with a touch of timeless elegance.

III. Sustainable Practices in Wall Plastering:
Eco-Friendly Materials and Techniques Sustainability is a growing concern in construction, and Barzini is at the forefront of eco-friendly practices. This section will highlight his use of sustainable materials and techniques, showcasing how he blends environmental consciousness seamlessly with his artistic vision.
Minimizing Environmental Impact
Beyond using eco-friendly materials, Barzini actively seeks ways to minimize the environmental impact of his projects. Whether through waste reduction strategies or energy-efficient practices, this part of the article will unveil how he contributes to a greener construction industry.
Advocacy for Sustainable Design
Barzini's commitment to sustainability extends beyond his projects. This section will explore his advocacy for sustainable design principles, emphasizing the importance of responsible construction practices and inspiring others in the industry to follow suit.
IV. Challenges and Triumphs in Innovation:
Overcoming Technological Challenges With innovation comes challenges, particularly in the integration of technology. Barzini's journey has not been without hurdles, and this section will shed light on the technological challenges he has encountered and overcome, showcasing the resilience and adaptability that define his approach.
Pushing the Boundaries of Tradition
In the pursuit of innovation, there is often a delicate balance to strike between tradition and progress. Barzini's ability to push the boundaries of traditional plastering without compromising its essence will be explored, offering insights into how he navigates this intricate dance.
Triumphs in Creative Experimentation
Some of Barzini's most remarkable innovations emerge from creative experimentation. This part of the article will delve into specific instances where he took creative risks, leading to triumphant outcomes that have left an enduring mark on the field of wall plastering.

V. Inspiring Future Generations:
Educational Initiatives
Barzini's commitment to innovation extends to nurturing the next generation of plastering professionals. This section will explore his involvement in educational initiatives, including the development of programs that encourage creative thinking and hands-on learning in the field of wall plastering.
Mentorship and Collaborations
A true innovator recognizes the importance of collaboration and mentorship. We will delve into Barzini's mentorship initiatives, exploring how he fosters a culture of collaboration within the industry, encouraging aspiring plastering professionals to push the boundaries of their craft.
Showcasing Innovation in Workshops
Barzini's dedication to innovation is not confined to his projects alone. This part of the article will spotlight workshops and events where he actively showcases innovative techniques, sharing his insights with peers and inspiring others to embrace a culture of continuous improvement.
VI. Future Trends in Wall Plastering:
Integration of Smart Technologies
As technology continues to advance, so does its potential in the construction industry. Barzini's thoughts on the integration of smart technologies in wall plastering will be explored, offering a glimpse into how automation and connectivity might shape the future of his craft.
The Rise of Biophilic Design
Biophilic design, which seeks to connect people with nature through the built environment, is gaining prominence. Barzini's anticipation of the role of biophilic design in wall plastering will be discussed, showcasing how natural elements can be seamlessly incorporated into interior spaces.
Sustainability as a Core Design Principle
Building upon his commitment to sustainability, Barzini's perspective on the future will emphasize the integration of sustainable practices as a core design principle. This section will explore how he envisions the industry evolving towards more environmentally conscious choices.
VII. Conclusion:
Legacy of Innovation In concluding this exploration of James Barzini's innovations and inspirations in wall plastering, we reflect on the legacy he is creating. By pushing the boundaries, embracing sustainability, and inspiring future generations, Barzini's impact on the world of construction goes beyond individual projects; it becomes a legacy of innovation that continues to shape the future of wall plastering.
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James Island Air Duct Cleaning
Enhancing Indoor Air Quality with James Island Air Duct Cleaning
Indoor air quality is a critical factor in maintaining a healthy and comfortable living environment. Many homeowners often overlook the importance of clean air ducts, which play a crucial role in circulating air throughout a house. James Island Air Duct Cleaning emerges as a reliable solution for those seeking to improve their indoor air quality and overall well-being. In this article, we will delve into the significance of air duct cleaning, explore the services offered by James Island, and understand the potential benefits for homeowners.
Maintaining Clean Air Ducts:
Air ducts are an integral part of a home's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Over time, these ducts can accumulate dust, debris, mold, and other contaminants. This buildup not only compromises the efficiency of the HVAC system but also poses health risks to the occupants. James Island Air Duct Cleaning specializes in the thorough removal of these pollutants, ensuring that the air circulating throughout the home is clean and free from harmful particles.
The Process of Air Duct Cleaning:
James Island employs a meticulous process to clean air ducts effectively. The first step involves a comprehensive inspection of the entire HVAC system to identify areas of concern. Once potential issues are pinpointed, the team utilizes state-of-the-art equipment to remove accumulated dust, dirt, and other contaminants. Specialized brushes and vacuum systems are employed to dislodge and extract particles from the ductwork, ensuring a thorough cleaning.
Benefits of Air Duct Cleaning:
Improved Indoor Air Quality: One of the primary benefits of air duct cleaning is the enhancement of indoor air quality. Clean ducts result in the circulation of fresh, uncontaminated air throughout the home, reducing the risk of respiratory issues and allergies. This is particularly crucial for individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions.
Energy Efficiency: Clean air ducts contribute to the overall efficiency of the HVAC system. When ducts are free from obstructions, the system doesn't have to work as hard to distribute air, leading to improved energy efficiency. This, in turn, can result in lower utility bills and a reduced environmental impact.
Extended HVAC System Lifespan: Regular air duct cleaning can extend the lifespan of the HVAC system. The removal of debris and contaminants prevents unnecessary strain on the system, reducing the likelihood of malfunctions and the need for costly repairs or replacements.
Reduced Allergens and Irritants: By eliminating dust, mold, and other allergens from the air ducts, James Island's cleaning services contribute to a healthier living environment. This is especially beneficial for households with members who suffer from allergies or respiratory sensitivities.
Elimination of Unpleasant Odors: Over time, dust and mold in air ducts can contribute to unpleasant odors circulating throughout the home. Air duct cleaning helps eliminate these odors, creating a more pleasant and comfortable living space.
Choosing James Island Air Duct Cleaning:
Homeowners often wonder why they should choose James Island over other air duct cleaning services. James Island sets itself apart through a combination of expertise, customer satisfaction, and a commitment to using advanced technology for optimal results.
Experienced and Professional Team: The technicians at James Island are highly trained and experienced in the field of air duct cleaning. Their expertise ensures a thorough and efficient cleaning process, addressing both visible and hidden contaminants within the HVAC system.
State-of-the-Art Equipment: James Island invests in cutting-edge equipment to provide the best possible service to its clients. Advanced tools and technology enable the team to reach inaccessible areas of the ductwork, ensuring a comprehensive cleaning that goes beyond surface-level removal.
Customer Satisfaction Guarantee: James Island takes pride in its commitment to customer satisfaction. The company stands behind its services with a satisfaction guarantee, assuring homeowners that they will be pleased with the results of the air duct cleaning.
Transparent Pricing and Honest Assessments: Homeowners appreciate the transparency in pricing and honest assessments provided by James Island. Before initiating the cleaning process, the team conducts a thorough inspection and provides a clear explanation of the services needed, allowing customers to make informed decisions.
In conclusion, prioritizing the cleanliness of air ducts is an essential aspect of maintaining a healthy and comfortable home environment. James Island Air Duct Cleaning emerges as a reliable partner in this endeavor, offering a range of services that contribute to improved indoor air quality, energy efficiency, and the longevity of HVAC systems. As homeowners increasingly recognize the importance of clean air ducts, services like those provided by James Island become instrumental in creating homes that promote well-being and comfort for all occupants. Investing in air duct cleaning is an investment in the health and longevity of both the home and its residents.
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AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Make 6-Figures Passive Income!
Welcome to my comprehensive AI Disruptor 2.0 Review. I’m here to provide you with an honest evaluation of this product. I will help you to make an informed decision about its potential to transform your online business efforts.
Introducing AI Disruptor 2.0 – the cutting-edge AI system that supercharges your online success. In today’s digital world, where free buyer traffic and winning offers are key, this system is your solution. It connects you to a vast pool of potential buyers, uncovers profitable offers, and uses AI to deliver exactly what customers crave, all while driving substantial profits.
AI Disruptor 2.0 is a proven and affordable system that simplifies online business success. Plus, it offers various upgrades to meet your specific needs. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to boost your online ventures effortlessly. Take action now and secure your access to this potent system for unparalleled growth and success in the online realm.
In this review, we’ll explore the features, advantages, drawbacks, usage guidelines, FAQs, pricing, bonuses, and more of AI Disruptor 2.0. Let’s get started!
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Overview
Vendor: James Renouf
Product: A.I. Disruptor 2.0
Front-End Price: $11.82
Recommendation: Highly Recommend
Official Website: Click Here
Refund: 30 Days Money Back Guarantee
Niche: General
<< << << GET IT HERE >> >> >>
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –What is it?
AI Disruptor 2.0 is a groundbreaking business model designed to make building a high-earning business easier and more accessible. It eliminates the need for upfront financial investments, prior experience, or even appearing on camera.
This innovative platform harnesses the power of artificial intelligence to generate passive income. As the influence of AI technology continues to grow across various industries, AI Disruptor 2.0 provides a unique opportunity to tap into a thriving marketplace driven by the demand for digital products. It offers a streamlined and user-friendly process for creating profitable products, making it an attractive prospect for those looking to take advantage of the AI revolution and unlock a new income source.
For a remarkably affordable price of just $11.82, the AI Disruptor 2.0 package includes valuable video resources that unveil the secrets to driving traffic and converting it into sales. This system boasts unlimited traffic potential, making it an enticing opportunity to capture a portion of the revenue flowing through the online landscape without the typical challenges and investments associated with starting a business.
AI Disruptor 2.0 simplifies the path to online success and financial gain by harnessing the power of AI technology.
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Features & Benefits
Features:
Simplified System: AI Disruptor 2.0 is user-friendly and uncomplicated.
AI as a Force Multiplier: It leverages AI to enhance effectiveness, speed, and overall results.
Rapid Income Growth: Promises faster and increased income.
Disruptive Power: Shaking up a major website with over 400 million monthly buyers.
Access to a Vast Audience: Utilizes a site with a massive monthly user base.
Guaranteed Free Buyer Traffic: Ensures free traffic without the usual hassles.
Massive Reach: Connects to a network of over 400 million buyers and sellers.
AI-Driven Predictive Analytics: Uses predictive algorithms to identify lucrative opportunities.
Automation: Automates tasks like order processing, inventory management, and shipping.
Revolutionary Business Model: Shifts from traditional income models to deliver passive revenue streams.
Cutting-Edge Technology: Leverages advanced tech, including machine learning and predictive analytics, for disrupting the passive income space.
Benefits:
Step-by-Step Guidance: Provides clear, step-by-step instructions for what to do and how to do it.
Efficient Time Use: Enables you to disrupt existing successful processes without spending your valuable time.
Profit through AI: Lets AI do the work, allowing you to profit faster and more easily.
Accessibility: Easy for anyone, anywhere in the world, with no initial investment required, offering 24/7 income.
Outsourcing Option: You can even outsource the entire process.
Achievable Profits: Demonstrates how ordinary people can achieve significant profits right now.
Scalability: Shows how to expand and multiply your earnings by 2x, 5x, 10x, or more, with limitless potential.
<< << << GET IT HERE >> >> >>
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –How it Works?
STEP 1
Use a site that has MASSIVE BUYER TRAFFIC.
You’re accessing 400 million visitors a month that are BUYERS!
STEP 2
Quickly find the bestselling offers.
We show you exactly how to do this and how to find what’s bringing in crazy money.
STEP 3
You give customers what they want in SECONDS (because YOU’RE USING AI) and YOU get paid FASTER and EASIER than ever before
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Who Should Buy it?
AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to cater to a wide range of users looking to elevate their social media marketing game, including:
Affiliate Marketers
CPA Marketers
Video Marketers
Blog Owners
Product Creators
eCommerce Store Owners
Local Business Owners
Artists/Content Creators
Product Coaches/Trainers
Agency Owners
Freelancers
Advertisers
Consultants
Social Media Managers
In fact, anyone aiming to park high-ticket clients and enhance the growth strategies can get significant benefit from AI Disruptor 2.0.
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –My Opinion
If you want to unlock a world of recurring income with ease and minimal effort, AI Disruptor 2.0 is your gateway to financial freedom. Consider these following facts before taking actions:
Unlock Recurring Income Business:
AI Disruptor 2.0 offers you the keys to a recurring income business, one of the most sought-after and lucrative business models. It generates positive cash flow and taps into a market that people consistently desire. You don’t need to be a genius to make this work – it’s a straightforward process that can bring in money while you relax at home.
Effortless Income Generation:
After using AI to create your digital products, the income starts flowing in, and your part is essentially done. No more trading your time for dollars, no more early morning commutes to a job you dislike, and no more dealing with unpleasant bosses. It’s a way to break free from the 9 to 5 grind.
Minimal Technical Expertise Required:
With AI Disruptor 2.0, you can create and sell digital products with the assistance of AI, eliminating the need for extensive manual labor or technical skills. The system is designed for anyone to access a vast marketplace and tap into the growing demand for digital products.
High Scalability:
The platform enables you to start small and then scale up your business. Automation handles the heavy lifting, allowing you to multiply your revenue without a proportional increase in effort.
Access a Massive Market:
You gain instant access to a pre-existing network of over 400 million buyers, providing you with an enormous head start and a wealth of potential customers.
Early-Mover Advantage:
By getting in on this opportunity early, you can capitalize on pent-up demand before the market becomes saturated. The substantial user base offers ample growth potential.
Future-Proof Business Model:
Harnessing AI technology allows you to bypass the volatility of traditional income streams that can be vulnerable to market changes. AI Disruptor 2.0 keeps you on a stable path to income generation.
Comprehensive Training and Support:
The system comes with exclusive step-by-step video training to help you make the most of the software. Additionally, a dedicated help desk is available to offer round-the-clock technical and strategic support.
Continuous Algorithm Improvements:
The development team continually optimizes the AI models based on incoming data, ensuring that you get the best results.
In summary, AI Disruptor 2.0 offers a unique opportunity to access recurring income with minimal effort and technical expertise. With this system, you can relax at home while the money rolls in. Act now and secure your place in the world of AI-driven income generation. Your financial freedom is just a click away.
<< << << GET IT HERE >> >> >>
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Last Words!
In conclusion, I’ve covered all aspects of AI Disruptor 2.0 to equip you with the necessary information needed to make an informed decision. Don’t miss the opportunity to leverage this super Software & establish your profitable online business revolutionized by AI Disruptor 2.0.
It’s time to make AI Disruptor 2.0 your online business partner and expand your business success to a new heights. I appreciate your valuable time, and I wish you the best of luck!
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –FAQs
Q1: Do I need any technical skills?
A: No, AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to be user-friendly and accessible to individuals with varying levels of technical expertise.
Q2: Can I generate passive income with AI Disruptor 2.0?
A: Yes, it allows you to generate passive income without requiring any significant upfront investment.
Q3: Is AI Disruptor 2.0 suits all types of digital products?
A: Yes! AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to accommodate various types of digital products like e-books, online courses, software, or other digital offerings, the platform provides the tools and guidance to create and sell these products effectively.
Q4: Can I use AI Disruptor 2.0 without previous experience?
A: Absolutely yes! AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to be accessible to individuals of all experience levels. Whether you are a seasoned entrepreneur or just starting out, the platform provides the necessary guidance and tools to create and sell digital products successfully.
#aidisruptor2review#aidisruptor2#digitalmarketing#affiliatemarketing#cryptocurrency#algorithms#onlinebussiness#makemoneyonline#earnmoneyonline#traffic
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Text
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Make 6-Figures Passive Income!

Welcome to my comprehensive AI Disruptor 2.0 Review. I’m here to provide you with an honest evaluation of this product. I will help you to make an informed decision about its potential to transform your online business efforts.
Introducing AI Disruptor 2.0 – the cutting-edge AI system that supercharges your online success. In today’s digital world, where free buyer traffic and winning offers are key, this system is your solution. It connects you to a vast pool of potential buyers, uncovers profitable offers, and uses AI to deliver exactly what customers crave, all while driving substantial profits.
AI Disruptor 2.0 is a proven and affordable system that simplifies online business success. Plus, it offers various upgrades to meet your specific needs. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to boost your online ventures effortlessly. Take action now and secure your access to this potent system for unparalleled growth and success in the online realm.
In this review, we’ll explore the features, advantages, drawbacks, usage guidelines, FAQs, pricing, bonuses, and more of AI Disruptor 2.0. Let’s get started!
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Overview
Vendor: James Renouf
Product: A.I. Disruptor 2.0
Front-End Price: $11.82
Recommendation: Highly Recommend
Official Website: Click Here
Refund: 30 Days Money Back Guarantee
Niche: General
<< << << GET IT HERE >> >> >>
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –What is it?
AI Disruptor 2.0 is a groundbreaking business model designed to make building a high-earning business easier and more accessible. It eliminates the need for upfront financial investments, prior experience, or even appearing on camera.
This innovative platform harnesses the power of artificial intelligence to generate passive income. As the influence of AI technology continues to grow across various industries, AI Disruptor 2.0 provides a unique opportunity to tap into a thriving marketplace driven by the demand for digital products. It offers a streamlined and user-friendly process for creating profitable products, making it an attractive prospect for those looking to take advantage of the AI revolution and unlock a new income source.
For a remarkably affordable price of just $11.82, the AI Disruptor 2.0 package includes valuable video resources that unveil the secrets to driving traffic and converting it into sales. This system boasts unlimited traffic potential, making it an enticing opportunity to capture a portion of the revenue flowing through the online landscape without the typical challenges and investments associated with starting a business.
AI Disruptor 2.0 simplifies the path to online success and financial gain by harnessing the power of AI technology.
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Features & Benefits
Features:
Simplified System: AI Disruptor 2.0 is user-friendly and uncomplicated.
AI as a Force Multiplier: It leverages AI to enhance effectiveness, speed, and overall results.
Rapid Income Growth: Promises faster and increased income.
Disruptive Power: Shaking up a major website with over 400 million monthly buyers.
Access to a Vast Audience: Utilizes a site with a massive monthly user base.
Guaranteed Free Buyer Traffic: Ensures free traffic without the usual hassles.
Massive Reach: Connects to a network of over 400 million buyers and sellers.
AI-Driven Predictive Analytics: Uses predictive algorithms to identify lucrative opportunities.
Automation: Automates tasks like order processing, inventory management, and shipping.
Revolutionary Business Model: Shifts from traditional income models to deliver passive revenue streams.
Cutting-Edge Technology: Leverages advanced tech, including machine learning and predictive analytics, for disrupting the passive income space.
Benefits:
Step-by-Step Guidance: Provides clear, step-by-step instructions for what to do and how to do it.
Efficient Time Use: Enables you to disrupt existing successful processes without spending your valuable time.
Profit through AI: Lets AI do the work, allowing you to profit faster and more easily.
Accessibility: Easy for anyone, anywhere in the world, with no initial investment required, offering 24/7 income.
Outsourcing Option: You can even outsource the entire process.
Achievable Profits: Demonstrates how ordinary people can achieve significant profits right now.
Scalability: Shows how to expand and multiply your earnings by 2x, 5x, 10x, or more, with limitless potential.
<< << << GET IT HERE >> >> >>
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –How it Works?
STEP 1
Use a site that has MASSIVE BUYER TRAFFIC.
You’re accessing 400 million visitors a month that are BUYERS!
STEP 2
Quickly find the bestselling offers.
We show you exactly how to do this and how to find what’s bringing in crazy money.
STEP 3
You give customers what they want in SECONDS (because YOU’RE USING AI) and YOU get paid FASTER and EASIER than ever before
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Who Should Buy it?
AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to cater to a wide range of users looking to elevate their social media marketing game, including:
Affiliate Marketers
CPA Marketers
Video Marketers
Blog Owners
Product Creators
eCommerce Store Owners
Local Business Owners
Artists/Content Creators
Product Coaches/Trainers
Agency Owners
Freelancers
Advertisers
Consultants
Social Media Managers
In fact, anyone aiming to park high-ticket clients and enhance the growth strategies can get significant benefit from AI Disruptor 2.0.
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –My Opinion
If you want to unlock a world of recurring income with ease and minimal effort, AI Disruptor 2.0 is your gateway to financial freedom. Consider these following facts before taking actions:
Unlock Recurring Income Business:
AI Disruptor 2.0 offers you the keys to a recurring income business, one of the most sought-after and lucrative business models. It generates positive cash flow and taps into a market that people consistently desire. You don’t need to be a genius to make this work – it’s a straightforward process that can bring in money while you relax at home.
Effortless Income Generation:
After using AI to create your digital products, the income starts flowing in, and your part is essentially done. No more trading your time for dollars, no more early morning commutes to a job you dislike, and no more dealing with unpleasant bosses. It’s a way to break free from the 9 to 5 grind.
Minimal Technical Expertise Required:
With AI Disruptor 2.0, you can create and sell digital products with the assistance of AI, eliminating the need for extensive manual labor or technical skills. The system is designed for anyone to access a vast marketplace and tap into the growing demand for digital products.
High Scalability:
The platform enables you to start small and then scale up your business. Automation handles the heavy lifting, allowing you to multiply your revenue without a proportional increase in effort.
Access a Massive Market:
You gain instant access to a pre-existing network of over 400 million buyers, providing you with an enormous head start and a wealth of potential customers.
Early-Mover Advantage:
By getting in on this opportunity early, you can capitalize on pent-up demand before the market becomes saturated. The substantial user base offers ample growth potential.
Future-Proof Business Model:
Harnessing AI technology allows you to bypass the volatility of traditional income streams that can be vulnerable to market changes. AI Disruptor 2.0 keeps you on a stable path to income generation.
Comprehensive Training and Support:
The system comes with exclusive step-by-step video training to help you make the most of the software. Additionally, a dedicated help desk is available to offer round-the-clock technical and strategic support.
Continuous Algorithm Improvements:
The development team continually optimizes the AI models based on incoming data, ensuring that you get the best results.
In summary, AI Disruptor 2.0 offers a unique opportunity to access recurring income with minimal effort and technical expertise. With this system, you can relax at home while the money rolls in. Act now and secure your place in the world of AI-driven income generation. Your financial freedom is just a click away.
<< << << GET IT HERE >> >> >>
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –Last Words!
In conclusion, I’ve covered all aspects of AI Disruptor 2.0 to equip you with the necessary information needed to make an informed decision. Don’t miss the opportunity to leverage this super Software & establish your profitable online business revolutionized by AI Disruptor 2.0.
It’s time to make AI Disruptor 2.0 your online business partner and expand your business success to a new heights. I appreciate your valuable time, and I wish you the best of luck!
AI Disruptor 2.0 Review –FAQs
Q1: Do I need any technical skills?
A: No, AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to be user-friendly and accessible to individuals with varying levels of technical expertise.
Q2: Can I generate passive income with AI Disruptor 2.0?
A: Yes, it allows you to generate passive income without requiring any significant upfront investment.
Q3: Is AI Disruptor 2.0 suits all types of digital products?
A: Yes! AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to accommodate various types of digital products like e-books, online courses, software, or other digital offerings, the platform provides the tools and guidance to create and sell these products effectively.
Q4: Can I use AI Disruptor 2.0 without previous experience?
A: Absolutely yes! AI Disruptor 2.0 is designed to be accessible to individuals of all experience levels. Whether you are a seasoned entrepreneur or just starting out, the platform provides the necessary guidance and tools to create and sell digital products successfully.
#aidisruptor2review#aidisruptor2#digitalmarketing#affiliatemarketing#cryptocurrency#algorithms#onlinebussiness#makemoneyonline#earnmoneyonline#traffic
0 notes
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FLEAMINT

Hi everyone This time I will introduce to you the best project that is Fleamint and here is the explanation;
Fleamint's dynamic NFT ecosystem!
Explore our DEX for seamless swapping, Ventures for lucrative project staking, our thriving community for social interactions, and an NFT marketplace to buy and sell unique digital and real-world assets. Revolutionize your ownership experience in the decentralized web and proudly showcase your diverse collections!
Fleamint is a global, cutting-edge ecosystem that leverages advanced Web 3.0 technology and decentralized finance (DeFi) solutions to deliver unprecedented value for brands and consumers worldwide.
Fleamint’s mission is to revolutionize the fundraising landscape for Web2 businesses, providing a secure and efficient ecosystem to embrace the potential of Web3. By seamlessly bridging the gap between traditional and decentralized finance, Fleamint equips businesses with essential tools to thrive in the dynamic financial landscape.
Revolutionizing FLMC with a Deflation Mechanism
Fleamint is poised to reshape the landscape of digital currencies with the introduction of a groundbreaking deflationary mechanism for its FLMC token. In a bold move, Fleamint has engineered a mechanism that systematically incinerates funds spent on accessing the Membership, instigating a perpetual cycle of currency depletion. With a capped total supply of 20 million, this pioneering deflationary approach reinforces scarcity at its core, imparting an unprecedented value appreciation trajectory to the FLMC token. This innovation stands as a testament to Fleamint’s unwavering commitment to driving constant evolution and pushing the boundaries of possibility within the cryptocurrency
Buy and Sell Digital Assets in Our Decentralized Marketplace And Trade Crypto Assets with Trust and Security in Our Decentralized Exchange
The Fleamint platform is creating a complete ecosystem for Real World Assets across all industries, offering users a decentralized, open, and secure environment to engage in a variety of activities, such as trading goods and services. Fleamint stands at the forefront of innovation, empowering businesses to embrace the potential of Web3 and thrive in the dynamic financial landscape.
Connect and Communicate in Our Decentralized Social Network
Uniquely connect with others in the web3 ecosystem, share ideas, and collaborate on projects using our censorship-resistant, decentralized Socials platform. With decentralized identity management and NFT integration, our platform offers a powerful and innovative way to interact with others in the decentralized web.
Transform your financial future with our Web3-era Decentralized Finance Ventures.
Empower yourself as an entrepreneur or innovator in the web3 space with our Ventures platform, which enables you to launch your projects using community-driven funding and DeFi integration. Our platform offers a unique opportunity to tokenize your assets, create your own governance structure, and connect with a global network of like-minded individuals who share your vision for the future of the decentralized web.
Token Information
• Ticker: FLMC • Type: Utility-token • Token standard: BEP-20
Token Distribution
• Team - 6% • Partners - 4% • Genesis Round - 0.005% • Seed - 1.8% • Staking - 25% • Private 1 - 2% • Private 2 - 10% • DEX Liquidity - 1.5% • Advisors - 1.5% • Treasury - 21.4% • Institutional Facility - 25% • Public - 1.5% • CEX Liquidity - 0.15%
TEAM
• James Gillingham: Founder + Chief Executive Officer • Michael L: CTO • James Austen: Chief Commercial Officer • Sean Uddin: Chief Operations Officer • Adrian Hawkins: Chief of Staff • Adedamola Adeniyi: Product Manager • Syed Asad Hussain: UI/UX designer • Pontus Falk: Säljare • Thomas Brown: Head of Marketing • Daniel Aideyan: Community Manager • Septian Rizal Dewantara: Graphic Designer • Jon Cho: Community Director
For more information please follow the link below:
Official Website: https://fleamint.com. Official Medium: https://fleamint.medium.com/ GitHub Whitepaper: https://fleamint.gitbook.io/fleamint-wp-version-1.05/ Official Twitter: https://twitter.com/FleamintNFT Official LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/fleamintofficial/ Official Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/fleamintofficial/ Official Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FleamintOfficial/
Author: Forum Username : cold_murchete Forum Profile Link : https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?action=profile;u=1553250 BSC Wallet Address : 0x21176939a87A48cFDfA07147159F2097d5917f3a
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Interview with Graham Lau Part 2
Here’s the second part of my conversation with Graham Lau about space exploration to help promote the Kickstarter for my new comic Astrobiology #1! It’s a sci-fi comic about a scientist and a soldier working together to explore alien worlds for new and unique forms of life that change our understanding of life itself.
Check it out on Kickstarter and consider backing us!
Speaking of exoplanets, which of the exoplanets that we've seen orbiting around distant stars look the most promising for life? I know pretty much all of them have flaws, like they're super-Earths, they're five times the size of Earth, or they're tidally locked, or just blasted with radiation. If you had to say, what are your top picks?
You know, I might not actually be the best to answer that question. My friends, Daniel Angerhausen would be a great person to ask. So would Giada Arney, or Shawn Domogal-Goldman. I have a few friends who are doing really hardcore exoplanet research...I'm sure they all have their own list of favorites.
I know we've talked a lot about the Trappist planets, about Proxima B, and some of these other potential worlds that could be Earth-like. However, until we get good data, I'm always a little hesitant when I hear people saying “habitable zone” and “Earth-like planet”. Just because a world is about the size of the Earth and is in a similar orbit around its star as we are around ours, it doesn't necessarily make it Earth-like, in my opinion.
And so, I think until we have James Webb, and some of these other potential next generation telescopes coming out that can give us a much better idea of the atmospheres of those worlds, and then actually help us figure out what could be the geology of those worlds...it's hard to say if they're Earth-like or not.
So they could have a completely different distribution of minerals and elements. Even though it's in the same zone, if it doesn't have any carbon or whatever, it would be nothing like Earth at all?
Yeah, there could be very, very different geology. There could be a number of worlds that, much like Mars, have lost their magnetic field and had their atmosphere stripped away. Perhaps they didn't have as much metal material in their cores as the Earth. For instance, we have the Moon forming event that brought even more core material to us.
However, we also look at planets like Venus. Venus is very much like Earth. It's almost the same size, it's almost the same general composition overall...and yet the surface of Venus is a hellscape. It's 850 degrees fahrenheit, and 95 times the surface pressure we have.
And maybe worlds like Venus are far more common of these Earth-size worlds out there. And we just don't know yet. So we really need more data on the atmospheres, because that will help us then constrain some of the potential geology that could be going on down on the planet below.
Is silicon-based life, and life based on different elements...is that something that's seriously entertained and thought about?
Yes and no. You know, the idea of silicon life has been talked about starting off in science fiction. But silicon is very similar to carbon. It can make those four bonds like carbon does, and it can build long chains. But silicon-based compounds aren't nearly as strong as carbon. So the bonds that silicon makes with other atoms of itself aren't as strong as those carbon to carbon bonds as carbon to other element bonds.
So having silicon-based life, though a lot of us talk about it and consider whether or not it's possible, it doesn't really seem very likely. Unless, for some reason, you have a world that has more silicon than carbon.
Even then, I read that silicon has drawbacks, right? It's not as easy as carbon, even if you could do it?
Yeah, exactly. So those silicon bonds aren't strong, so the molecules are more likely to break down. It might not be as good for transferring energy. However, that said, a lot of the terrestrial worlds in our solar system are called “silicate planets”. They have a lot of silicon, a lot of oxygen, in the crusts of these worlds.
And so, it's always weird, we can never say “It's not possible”. What we have to do is use science to figure out whether or not its probable. And so right now, I think the jury's still out as to whether or not silicon life is a thing or could be a thing.
Water is usually talked about as one of the most important things necessary for life. But I was reading that Carl Sagan said he was a “carbon chauvinist”, but “not really much of a water chauvinist”. Could it be that life could use some kind of different liquid for a solvent besides water?
Yeah, and that's something that actually has been researched really extensively. People have considered whether liquid ammonia or methane or ethane, if super critical carbon dioxide, if various other fluids and fluid-like substances could be the solvents for life.
For instance, we have Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, and Titan has these lakes of ethane and methane. The surface of Titan is very cold. So cold that life as we know it wouldn't be able to thrive there.
Beneath the surface?
At the surface, actually. Some of us wonder if there's a potential that these lakes, these hydrocarbon lakes on Titan, could be refugia for life. If there could be things thriving in these hydrocarbon rich lakes at the surface of Titan, just down inside the waterbody.
There's even been a concept design of a submarine that would land on the lakes, and then go down into the fluid to have a look around in this hydrocarbon rich fluid and see if there could be something living down there. Once you get down below the surface, things actually warm up. And a lot of times the surface is actually water ice.
But Titan has that really intriguing methanological cycle where methane is going up, is evaporating into the atmosphere, and then reacting with sunlight at the upper edges of the atmosphere and breaking down. And then all these chemical reactions are occurring, making these larger hydrocarbons, ethane, propane, butane, and a whole slew of other things. So we have this gunk, basically raining out of Titan and infiltrating the atmosphere.
And so, if life can thrive in that kind of solvent system, it'd be interesting to go there and actually look and see if any kind of life is on Titan for us to find..
Are you frustrated at all by political processes slowing this down? Because to me, it seems like number one priority is to send something to Enceladus or Europa or Titan. But it seems like it takes a long time to do that and it's very hard to get the political will to fund it.
Absolutely, yeah. I think all of us are bothered by it. NASA's budget is the best it's ever been right now, and we're hoping to keep having it get better and better. But that said, NASA's budget is such a small amount of the overall budget of the federal government of the United States.
Right.
The amount of money that we spend on military compared to NASA is just staggering. And even though I'm all for having a really well developed military and spending our money there, the way that we do it isn't necessarily the smartest. And we waste a lot of money there as well. I would love to see if we could double NASA's budget or triple NASA'S budget, the number of things that we could do would just be incredible. And there's so much that we could do, if we had more funding and more support.
That said though, NASA's doing a pretty spectacular job. It's difficult to launch things. I mean, you know it really is rocket science. Launching these things into space, building the spacecraft...we've had some incredible spacecraft here in our lifetimes. Opportunity we just lost on Mars, after it had roved for 14 and a half years of what should have been a 90 day mission.
We keep having amazing spacecraft. We had Cassini and Galileo studying the Saturnian and Jovian systems for us. The Hubble space telescope has just been incredible. And so I'm pretty hopeful for the next generation of spacecraft. But yeah, it is certainly frustrating that, as much as we know already about our place in the universe, that we're not then taking the next steps even faster to go and explore more. And instead, we’re kind of hindering ourselves, and we're becoming a more tunnel vision, narrow focused kind of species. When we could be looking more broader, and looking out into the cosmos to learn more about who we are and why we're here.
Right. Talking about the budget, to double NASA's budget, that would be like to take .5% from the military budget. Doubling NASA's budget would be nothing in the grand scope of military budget.
Yeah. It'd be just a small little bit of what they get. But the return though is so much longer lasting. And honestly, I think space exploration and the things that we return from NASA, the data and the images, the sounds...these are things that really inspire young people to want to think beyond themselves, to want to think about their place in the cosmos as well. And so I really think space exploration is one of the greatest ways for us to do a better job of taking care of own planet.
And a what a lot of people say is, “We got problems on Earth. Why are we focusing on space?” But I think something people don't realize is the amount of technology and advances that we create through NASA by going on these missions and stuff. Aren't MRI's a big one?
There's a lot of technologies, a lot of science that we get out of space exploration. Material science comes from it. Having to learn new ways to build better materials for building our spacecrafts into space...that then trickles back into everything else we do in technology. Our computer systems, things like that, really cut their teeth on space exploration, on getting humans to the Moon. And that forced us to think more about what we were doing there.
So yeah, there's a lot we get back from it as far as technology goes. But I think the return on investment, just in the amount that we can inspire people and get them intrigued and wanting to be involved, is huge. For myself, as a communicator of science, every week, I get Facebook messages and e-mails and Twitter messages and Instagram messages, from young people around the globe, from Egypt and Morocco and South Africa and India and the UK and Russia, all kinds of places.
People want to get involved, they want to find out how they can get involved in space exploration, what they can learn, how they can help. And so, I find it kind of inspiring that a lot of people around the globe want to see us do more space exploration, want to see us do better. And I think a lot of that comes from the inspiration they get just be seeing the images and hearing about what we're learning about these other worlds.
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/sethjacob/astrobiology-1
#science#explore#nature#environment#future#kickstarter#stem#scifi#sciencefiction#planet#exoplanet#alien#space#cosmos#universe#discovery#comics#comicbooks#comic#wilderness#cyberpunk#astrobiology
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new arrivals 7-13-17
glenn jones plays this week on thursday night at trinosophes. also - this week is the first week of the east dearborn musical event - tunes at noon. full desription and schedule just below the list of this week's new arrivals. items in stock thursday - july 13th 2017 Love Theme: S/T LP $21.99If there's a single guiding motif to this debut recording from Love Theme, it's the melancholic throb of love learnt and love lost, a descent that tumbles and slips through the overall feeling of looking back. As intimately and carefully as its parts cohesively lament a narrative, it's the after-image that catches your breath, like a memory morphing as it is observed. Comprised of Alex Zhang Hungtai, of the now defunct project Dirty Beaches, along with Austin Milne, and Simon Frank, Love Theme is arranged from an improvised session with twin saxophones, synthesizer, percussion, drum machine, and voice. The aching wane of the saxophone arrangements frisk the propulsive aggro of the mixed percussion, forcing a melancholic halo upon the queasy stupor of the synthetic swing that closes each side of the record. It's a bizarre lust for life that's being divined from equal parts dislocation and invigoration, a potent remedy which perhaps Love Theme can call their own. Percolating and finding form over time, the record instinctively follows a travel narrative, moving across a series of landscapes, reflecting the innate experiences of the expressions and voices that were first collected in South London back in February 2015. Mitchell, Nicole : Mandorla CD $15.99"Mandorla Awakening II: Emerging Worlds is Nicole Mitchell's second album for Chicago-based FPE Records. Recorded in May of 2015 at Chicago's Museum of Contemporary Art, it features her longtime collaborators Renee Baker (violin), Tomeka Reid (cello, banjo), Alex Wing (electric guitar, oud) and Jovia Armstrong (percussion), along with new members Tatsu Aoki (bass, shamisen, taiko) and Kojiro Umezaki (shakuhachi). Also in the mix is Chicago artist, scholar and poet Avery R Young, who brings her lyrics to life with visceral humanity. Composer and flutist Nicole Mitchell, once hailed by Chicago Reader music critic Peter Margasak as the 'greatest living flutist in jazz', continues the work begun when jazz visionary Sun Ra and his Arkestra first touched down on Planet Earth and told humanity that space (outer and inner) is indeed the place. As with contemporary Afrofuturist pioneers like cosmic jazz saxophonist Kamasi Washington, post-everything beat maker Flying Lotus, R&B cyborg Janelle Monáe and dystopian noise-rappers Death Grips, she uses Afrofuturism as a platform to launch her own, unique vision. Her vast sound often encompasses contemporary classical, globally oriented fusion, gospel, spoken word, funk-inspired groove research and even brittle shards of avant-rock. Mandorla Awakening II collides dualities such as acoustic vs electric, country vs urban, simple vs complex, while also sounding through intercultural dialogue between Black, European and Pan-Asian improvisational languages. The outcome is a creative music suite that blurs musical styles into recognizable fragments that weave a unique sound fabric, where human emotion and the struggles of today swim." Baroncini/D'Amario: Music for Movement LP $32.99Sonor Music Editions present a reissue Angelo Baroncini and Bruno Battisti D'amario's Music For Movement, originally released in 1969. Another terrific jam and a very obscure Italian library record, originally released on Roman Record Company label, the label responsible for Droga (1972), Traffico (1972), and the Viaggio Attraverso I Problemi Dell'Uomo series. The music is signed by the great guitar players and composers Angelo Baroncini and Bruno Battisti D'Amario, D'Amario being the unmissable guitar man of maestro Ennio Morricone. Crazy early fuzz beats with fast western swings, experimental rock distractions, rhythmic movements, with totally insane acid guitar and sitar riffs and a huge underground psychedelic mood. A truly inspired and deep session recorded for some impossible TV synchronization purpose. Holy grail alert. Original sleazy stereo recording restored sound. Edition of 500 Watson, Chris: El Tren Fantasma CD $15.992017 repress. "Take the ghost train from Los Mochis to Veracruz and travel cross country, coast to coast, Pacific to Atlantic. Ride the rhythm of the rails on board the Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México (FNM) and the music of a journey that has now passed into history." --Chris Watson Kawai, Kenji: Ghost In The Shell OST LP $27.99We Release Whatever The Fuck We Want Records present the first ever official vinyl pressing of the soundtrack for Mamoru Oshii's critically acclaimed and all around legendary science fiction anime film Ghost In The Shell (1995), adapted from Masamune Shirow's groundbreaking manga series of the same name. The haunting score is composed by Kenji Kawai, one of Japan's most celebrated soundtrack composers alongside Joe Hisaishi and Ryuichi Sakamoto, whose work includes Hideo Nakata's Ring (1998) and Ring 2 (1999), Death Note (2006), Hong Kong films Seven Swords by Tsui Hark (2005) and Ip Man by Wilson Yip (2008), and countless others. Kawai's compositions see ancient harmonies and percussions uncannily mesh with synthesized sounds of the modern world to convey a sumptuous balance between folklore tradition and futuristic outlook. For its iconic main theme "Making Of Cyborg", Kawai had a choir chant a wedding song in ancient Japanese following Bulgarian folk harmonies, setting the standard for a timeless and unparalleled soundtrack that admirably echoes the film's musings on the nature of humanity in a technologically advanced world. Ghost In The Shell is widely considered one of the best anime films of all time and its influence has been felt in the work of numerous movie directors, including James Cameron's Avatar (2009), the Wachowskis's The Matrix (1999), and Steven Spielberg's AI: Artificial Intelligence (2001). For fans of anime, manga, movie soundtracks, science fiction, ambient, folklore, Japan, Akira (1988), artificial intelligence, Midori Takada. Cut from the original master reels at Emil Berliner Studios (formerly the in-house recording department of renowned classical record label Deutsche Grammophon). Trost, Heather : Agistri LP $20.99LP version. "Heather Trost is best known for her work composing and performing as one half of A Hawk And A Hacksaw. She has also played with Neutral Milk Hotel, Beirut, Josephine Foster, and most recently Thor Harris of Swans. She has arranged and performed with the BBC Concert Orchestra, as well as conductor Andre De Ridder and his Stargaze Orchestra, and toured throughout the world. In 2014 she released her first solo project, a 7-inch on Ba Da Bing Records, followed in 2015 by Ourobouros, a limited edition cassette of expansive electronic ambient compositions influenced by Basil Kirchin, Terry Riley and Angelo Badalamenti on Cimiotti Recordings. These two projects propelled a full length album: named after a Greek Island, Agistri is a song cycle of freely formed pop songs touching upon soul, samba, and pop music of the '60s and '70s, with a subtle shade of psychedelia. Ambient and melancholic sounds interweave with Hammond organs and '70s Italian synthesizers, reflecting the desert landscapes of New Mexico, and the sparse shrubbery and turquoise water of the Aegean Sea and its islands. Bolstered by contributions from Neutral Milk Hotel's Jeremy Barnes on drums and bass, Deerhoof's John Dieterich on guitar, and Drake Hardin and Rosie Hutchinson of cult New Mexico band Mammal Eggs, Trost's talents as a songwriter and arranger explode on this wonderful, often surreal album." Wire #402: Aug 17 MAG/CD $10.50"Stuck to the cover of this month's issue: The Wire Tapper 44 CD, featuring 20 tracks by AGF + Werkstatt, Sarah Angliss, Paul Rooney, Susanna, Hear In Now, Bonaventure, and more. Meanwhile, inside the issue: Finland's postmodern metal masters Circle; New York underground hiphop veteran Scotty Hard; Anton Lukoszevieze, leader of UK chamber music ensemble Apartment House; a report on the electronic explorers and pop-punk mavericks of Sapporo's DIY microscene; and more." TUNES AT NOONevery thursday at 12 noon in dearborn city hall park at the corner of michigan ave and schaeferone hour of free music - bring your lunch and enjoy some fun in the sun!! 7/13 Dearborn School of MusicWe are a music school that offers private lessons on all instruments and all styles of music to students of all ages. We also have group lessons for preschoolers called "music for little mozarts." For the summer concert we have put together a rock band comprised of students and instructors that will be playing some classic rock and modern rock and punk rock songs. 7/20 Lac La BelleLocal musicians Jennie Knaggs & Nick Schillace create music that blends history with the present via accordion, mandolin, banjo, ukulele, harmonizing vocals, and fingerpicking resonator guitar. With their separate experiences learning folk and blues in Appalachia, American roots bind Lac La Belle’s compositions with a heavy thread. For this performance enjoy some of their favorite old time, bluegrass and western swing favorites, alongside their original tunes. 7/27 Detroit Pleasure SocietyDetroit Pleasure Society plays the traditional jazz of New Orleans with a fresh twist and raucous candor. 8/3 Libby DeCamp"Libby DeCamp makes dusty folk and American Roots-inspired music with a lyrical edge and a classic three-piece energy, delivered with a haunting vocal closeness that reaches listeners of all kinds. Sweetly soulful "Broken Folk." 8/10 Michael Malis TrioMichael Malis is a pianist and composer based in Detroit, MI. Malis bridges the gap between original composed, complex material and the spontaneity of improvisation. His trio (piano, bass, drums), featured on his latest album, has toured in the United States and Canada, and in September 2016, they performed at the Detroit International Jazz Festival. 8/17 Viands "Viands is a spontaneous collaboration between two auteurs of Detroit's underground music scene: Joel Peterson and David Shettler. The music they create is a deep, reflective and fearless alternate-reality keyboard meditation that draws on the pair's broad musical vision to explore new vistas.
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Syd Mead’s artistic legacy lives on through video games • Eurogamer.net
Having played a critical role in the production of 1982’s Blade Runner, illustrator Syd Mead was asked what title he’d like to appear as in the film’s end credits. “Visual Futurist” was his reply. Now there’s a job role you’d enjoy explaining to people at parties. Mead was a modern-day farseer, using his skills as an industrial designer and concept artist to build the worlds of tomorrow. What’s more, his visualisations have had an immeasurable impact on video games and the many artists working within the industry.
It’s often said that games draw from an awfully narrow set of cultural and artistic touchstones. Never mind seven basic plots, there are only really two: sad man fights robots and space marines shoot aliens. Blade Runner, Aliens, Blade Runner again. Syd Mead, who died just a few weeks ago on the cusp of the new year, aged 86, is the artist behind the dominating aesthetic of an entire industry. His energy, spirit, DNA, spread out across games like ashes thrown to the wind.
Syd Mead. 1933 – 2019.
In the 80s, Mead helped develop his fair share of theme parks and laser tag arenas, even a few casinos (pleasure hubs with as many flashing lights as any cyberpunk alley). It was always going to be natural for Mead to make the jump to games. He worked on a fair few: Cyber Speedway for the Sega Saturn was one of his earliest, making use of his famed vehicle-design skills. But he also returned to work on the lightcycles in Tron 2.0, designed the spaceships in Wing Commander 5, and even worked with Westwood Studios’ on their Blade Runner game. Much of this work was early concepting, sketching out hover cars and so on. Other times it was consultation. Most recently, Mead consulted on Aliens: Colonial Marines, fleshing out what he’d started all those years ago on the James Cameron film. In some respects, we’re unfortunate. An artist so talented, and willing to work in our space, who never found his ‘big’ game. But I don’t think it matters – there are so many indebted to him, shot through with his style, infected with his imagery.
Where to start with such an immense artistic legacy? Syd Mead always started with a car. His background was in industrial design, working for Ford Motor Company and later, US Steel. Mead was hired to make automobiles look desirable, to make the corporate cool. I can’t help but think of CD Project Red’s upcoming 2077, and how critical the car has been to its marketing. A lounging sportscar is the 20th Century’s addition to the romanticist image of the figure, back to the viewer, looking out to a wide horizon. There’s something fetishistic about 2077’s automobile – 80s stylishness crashing against Mead’s careful retrofitting – but it also seems necessary. The Night City needs a car the same way NeoTokyo needs its motorcycle.
Cyberpunk 2077.
Mead’s pin-up cars were sleek and cutting-edge, but aspirations always extended further. It was an era of techno-optimism, and Mead was just as apt at envisioning scenery as he was coupes. If the cars could hover and fly, then so too must the distant cities and spires silhouetted against the alien world’s setting suns. In fact, what was originally created to support the vehicles Mead designed, often overshadowed them.
Image from Syd Mead’s US Steel Series. Image credit Syd Mead.
Mead was originally hired to design just the vehicles for Blade Runner, but the automobile – his speciality – was an opportunity. It was how he opened portals to other times and places. While sketching out the film’s iconic “spinners”, Mead began to think bigger. A car was only as exciting as the surroundings mirrored in its polished surface. Only as cool as the landscape it cruised by. So important was “the flowing cascade of reflection”. “The chrome ignites with a hundred blue-white suns,” Mead once said. A rough sketch wasn’t enough. He needed a dark, rain-slicked street for the headlamps to illuminate. In the Polish cyberpunk game Observer, you begin your investigation in the cockpit of one such police car, the windscreen protection from the polluted downpour, the dashboard lit up like Times Square. It’s a prototypical Mead image.
Blade Runner 2019 Spinner interior view. Image credit Syd Mead.
With Blade Runner, Syd Mead transformed cold technical drawings into snapshots of urban night-life. A cold cityscape suddenly came to life, evoking the lonely realism of an Edward Hopper painting. The flashes of future Los Angeles we were gifted are striking: neo-noir with a Gothic tinge, abandoned apartments, streets draped with cables and wiring. Balanced against this was the bustle of the market stalls and shopfronts with their neon signs and cryptic symbols beaming out into the darkness, although only ever to make the shadows more dramatic. It’s quite a thing to invent the entire aesthetic of cyberpunk almost by accident. An entire genre brought to life because the taxi cabs looked a bit dull just sketched there on their own.
Film director Dennis Villeneuve once described Mead’s work as being “nostalgic”, which is a strange term to describe something futuristic. But the future is never just that, is it? As an actual point in time it’s fundamentally inscrutable. Instead, Mead traded in visions, and if, when looking at his depictions, we have “the strange sensation” of having been there, of having “strolled through” before, it’s because in a way we have. I’m reminded of a quote attributed to the grandfather of cyberpunk, William Gibson (who worked with Mead on the Johnny Mnemonic film): “the future is already here – it’s just not evenly distributed.” We live among high-tech pockets, elements advanced ahead of their time, glimpses of things to come. This is the raw material with which futurists extrapolate.
Blade Runner city. Image credit Syd Mead.
Syd Mead’s material may have been the two years he spent in Okinawa, Japan. Or his visits to Hong Kong. Cybeprunk as a genre has long had an odd fascination with parts of Asia. Dawning globalisation combining with a kind of “Yellow Peril” and anxieties around “Tiger Economies”. The original Deus Ex game was partially set in Hong Kong, and the later Human Revolution in Hengsha. But even with this orientalism supposedly stripped, like in Mankind Divided’s Prague, the original influence is pervasive. Its Golem City is familiar. A salvaged sprawl of slum-living, criss-crossed with wires and ventilation shafts and crowded with lights, busy flea markets, exotic signage, more lights.
Blade Runner 2019 city design 04. Image credit Syd Mead.
While much of Mead’s imagery is ubiquitous in games – cyberpunk sprawl, alien-infested spaceship, even ringworlds – his work has also influenced a whole generation of game artists in a more indirect way. He’s inspired numerous video game world-builders, including Viktor Antonov, the architect of both Half-Life 2’s City 17 and the Dishonored series’ Dunwall. Antonov shares a background in industrial design, and much of his work also begins with vehicles – the Combine APC or the Dunwall Rail Car a jumping off point to explore larger fictional metropolises. With constant, solid, technical reference, naturally. Sci-fi is always speculative, but like Mead, Antonov was specifically hired to make made-up places seem plausible and feel authentic.
Concept art for Dishonored’s rail cars, designed by Viktor Antonov.
Much of Mead’s work was dark and industrial. Think of Aliens’ USS Sulaco, which Mead meticulously designed, inside and out. “Bristling with antennae,” as director James Cameron requested, the military vessel was a far cry from other sci-fi spaceships. Instead of improbably elegant or needlessly greebled like Star Trek and Star Wars, the Sulaco was highly engineered and purposeful. Inside, the tangle of pipes and mesh of grills and hatches – now a staple of the sci-fi interior – gave the impression of spatial depth. What skulked behind those walls? In games we see in that same dead space, lurking Necromorphs, or a sleuth of demons poised to jump out from behind hidden panels.
Mead is famous for his gritty dystopias, but Dennis Villeneuve suspects his universes are actually “fuelled by the strength of the optimism of the 50s”, when, at least in the West, war was behind us and capitalism entered into a new golden age off the back of technological and scientific innovations. Jet engines, computers, and the Apollo space programme. It was out of this background that Mead’s visions sprung – not so much the future as a collective dream, now evidently unrealised. A lost future. No wonder looking at some of his artworks feels like going back home.
Image from Syd Mead’s US Steel Series. Image credit Syd Mead.
Mead knew how to paint utopias too. His style – colourful, vivid, light, clean, precise – channelled the speed and positivity of the supersonic age. The game series that probably most explicitly draws from him is Mass Effect. BioWare’s art director Derek Watts has talked about how, in their search for a visual identity, the team looked at Mead’s early, utopian, work, with its distinct geometric curves and exciting optimism. Like the aircrafts that whoosh across Mead’s blue skies, jet-trails in their wake, Mass Effect is filled with gentle curves and projections that sell the speed, propulsion and positivity of its world.
Mass Effect Citadel.
The Mako rover, the costumes and visors, the hazy clubs with their dancing holograms, the Citadel and its ring-like structure that recall those early US Steel illustrations. That sense of wonder as you land on a planet – light-years from any earthly dystopia. Instead, we get optimism radiating from distant skyscrapers set against pastel skies.
“Their sensuality and beauty offer such a magnificent contrast with the brutality of our reality,” Villeneuve says on Mead’s early work. The director believes we’re in desperate need of utopias now. It’s hard to disagree with this assessment, although I think what’s so special about Mead’s work is the range – his ability to paint in vastly different shades. It’s no wonder we see so many flashes of Mead’s brilliant influence in games. Every time we land on a new planet, or stare up at a sublime skybox or a looming megastructure. When we zoom by in a rocketship, a bike, a car. It’s hard to shake the visions of someone whose job is to see into the future.
from EnterGamingXP https://entergamingxp.com/2020/01/syd-meads-artistic-legacy-lives-on-through-video-games-%e2%80%a2-eurogamer-net/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=syd-meads-artistic-legacy-lives-on-through-video-games-%25e2%2580%25a2-eurogamer-net
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Research Paper Draft #1
Katie Paterson and the Concept of Memory
The purpose of my research is to study the work and practice of the artist Katie Paterson and to see how her work relates to the concept of memory- how she replicated her memories into her art works and takes what is inside of her to create her visible mediums, which include texts, monographs, videos, sculptures, images, numbers, etc. She used light and dark colors together and separately, how she employed simplicity and a clean style. According to Ollivier Dyens in his article The Sadness of the Machine, “Memories of pleasure, pain, sadness and joy, are the common thread that unites all human beings. Memories are our existence, and art is their system of replication” (Dyens 2001, 77).
Basic biographical information/identity as an artist and a person:
Born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1981, one of the leading artists in her generation. Received her BA from Edinburgh College of Art, Edinburgh, United Kingdom in 2004 and her MFA from the Slade School of Fine Art in London, United Kingdom in 2007. She has since been the subject of solo exhibitions at institutions, recipient of the John Florent Stone Fellowship at Edinburgh College of Art, and was the Leverhulme Artist in Residence in the Astrophysics Group at the University College London in 2010-2011. In collaboration with scientists and researchers from around the world, her projects consider the place of humans on planet Earth in the context of geological time and change. Her words utilize advanced technologies and expertise to display the engagements between people and the natural environment. Approach is Romantic and research-based, rigorous conceptualism and minimalist, shortens the distance between the viewer and the edges of time and the cosmos. She has broadcast the sounds of a melting glacier live, mapped dead stars, compiled a slide archive of darkness from the depths of the Universe, created a light bulb to simulate the experience of moonlight, and sent a recast meteorite back into space. “Eliciting feelings of humility, wonder and melancholy akin to the experience of the Romantic sublime, Paterson's work is at once understated in gesture and yet monumental in scope.” Paterson has exhibited internationally, from London to New York, Berlin to Seoul, and her works have been included in major exhibitions including Hayward Gallery, Tate Britain, Kunsthalle Wien, MCA Sydney, Guggenheim Museum, New York, and The Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh. She was the winner of the Visual Arts category of the 2014 South Bank Awards, and is an Honorary Fellow of Edinburgh University. Her poetic installations have been the result of intensive research and collaboration with specialists as diverse as astronomers, geneticists, nanotechnologists, jewelers and firework manufacturers. As Erica Burton, curator at Modern Art Oxford, wrote at a solo exhibition in 2008, “Katie Paterson’s work engages with the landscape, as a physical entity and as an idea. Drawing on our experience of the natural world, she creates an expanded sense of reality beyond the purely visible.”
Her artistic creations:
Among recent works are: Totality (2016), a mirrorball reflecting every solar eclipse seen from earth; Hollow (2016), a commission for University of Bristol, made in collaboration with architects Zeller & Moye, permanently installed in the historic Royal Fort Gardens: a miniature forest of all the world’s forests, including over 10,000 unique tree species spanning millions of years telling the history of the planet through the immensity of tree specimens in microcosm; Fossil Necklace (2013), a necklace comprised of 170 carved, rounded fossils, spanning geological time; Second Moon (2013), a work that tracks the cyclical journey of a fragment of the moon as it circles the Earth, via airfreight courier, on a man-made year-long commercial orbit; All the Dead Stars (2009), a large map documenting the locations of 27,000 dead stars known to humanity; Light bulb to Simulate Moonlight (2009), an incandescent bulb designed to transmit wavelength properties identical to those of moonlight; and History of Darkness (ongoing), a slide archive of darkness captured at different times and places throughout the universe and spanning billions of years.
“Paterson created Earth-Moon-Earth (Moonlight Sonata Reflected from the Surface of the Moon) (2007). With the assistance of radio operators Peter Blair in Southampton, England, and Peter Sundberg in Lulea, Sweden, Paterson bounced Morse code Signals of the score of the first movement of Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata off the moon and then transcribed the echoed information back into notation, which was then played back in exhibition on a player piano” (204).
“Paterson employs a novel subtractive sonification based on ever-present loss. Regular radar scans of the surface would employ much higher power and include repetitions to override error producing a refined data set that a conventional sonification strategy would then transform into music or another art of sound. Paterson’s approach is different. Just as one hears the Pacific Ocean leak into the off-timings of Nam June Paik’s version of Bach, in Earth-Moon-Earth you hear the moon in what Beethoven does not sound like” (208).
Musicalization of dead silences- Sound recordings of three Icelandic glaciers on records made of frozen meltwater from these glaciers are played until the records melt, mimicking the loss and silencing of their source.
History of Darkness, 2010: “...essays a cosmically laconic take on astro physical discovery of the protocols of its recording. For the Dying Star Letters, Paterson is sent an email each time scientists note a star has been expired; she then writes a letter of condolence” (31).
Paterson praises the book,“Stone Mattress,” by Margaret Atwood, our first author for “Future Library.” (Paterson herself says) I love her work because she can speak through generations and time. I’m also reading “Invisible Cities,” by Italo Calvino, which is a collection of texts that imagines cities of all varieties made of bizarre materials. And “The Blue Fox,” by the Icelandic author Sjon. You follow a blue fox through a hunted journey. It’s like a fairy tale. All three books travel through time and space. And they all have very poetic language as well.
Paterson addresses her political standpoint by saying, “I was following the Scottish referendum on BBC Scotland, Yes Scotland and the Wee Blue Book Mobile Edition. I submitted my vote: Yes for an independent Scotland. I think we will see positive results from the referendum, even though the result is not what I had hoped for.”
Inspirations/influences:
Her experience living in Iceland felt like living on another planet- traveling to drastically different places feels like going to different planets, which is what sparked her fascination with outer space and the cosmos.
Reputation as an artist:
She is fascinated by science and is known for her multidisciplinary and conceptually-driven work with an emphasis on nature, ecology, geology and cosmology. Her conceptual art finds everyday analogies for profound cosmological themes, is consistent in exploring scientific themes through contemporary art: her works have ranged from sending a "second moon" around the earth by courier service, to playing a record at the speed of the earth's rotation. Institutions approve of her art because it fits some deep need they have for art that is conceptual and intellectual. That combination allows museums and respectable prize givers to feel they are “down with the kids,” while also furthering their liberal mission to educate the public.“The Works of Katie Paterson go sailing off the scale of civilization. Using technologies normally applied to the speed and scope of human experience, the Scottish artist zooms out or tunnels in to other, more alien dimensions, reframing natural and cosmic phenomena… anthropocentric worldviews are dissipated in favor of a different kind of consciousness, one keyed to evolutionary systems and rooted in contact with igneous chaos.”
Working and collaborating with others:
"You, at least, believe that the human race will still be around in a hundred years!" enthused the acclaimed writer and environmental activist Margaret Atwood when she was asked to be the first contributor to Paterson's centennial project, Future Library, 2014-2114, a work of art that is essentially a form of time travel.”
Focusing on a single work and how it ties to our FSEM/memory:
Fossil Necklace, a giant circular string displaying the development of life on Earth. It is made of 170 carved fossil beads representing the Earth’s memory of a major occurrence in evolution through geological time. According to Paterson, “Fossil hunting is a new hobby of mine. It happened because I made a necklace of 170 beads carved from fossils and it charts all of geological time on Earth. The first bead is 3 1/2 billion years old and contains the first cellular life on earth and it goes on from there. I had no experience in paleontology and it took ages to work out what I was looking for. Scotland has got an amazing coast where you can find fossils just on the beach. I didn’t know this at all. I also got fossils from fairs, eBay and auctions.”
Campo del Cielo, Field of the Sky, 2012- may work with memory concept better (see video on James Cohan site).
Suggestions from the writing fellow: I met with Emma Consoli this past Sunday and 5pm. I had a positive experience in the CTL with her because she liked the way I outlined my first draft, but she did tell me to cut down on the raw quotations and use more of my own voice. She had me change my wording of phrases here and there and pointed out some grammatical errors from when I first typed out the draft.
Bibliography
Murphy, Kate. "Katie Paterson." The New York Times Sunday Review. Last modified September 20, 2014. Accessed October 20, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/ 09/21/opinion/sunday/katie-paterson.html?searchResultPosition=1.
Larsen, Lars Bang. 2014. 1000 WORDS: Katie paterson and margaret atwood. Artforum International. 11, https://ezproxy.hws.edu/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1625101398?accountid=27680 (accessed October 16, 2019).
McKinnon, Dugal. "Dead Silence: Ecological Silencing and Environmentally Engaged Sound Art." Leonardo Music Journal 23 (2013): 71-74. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43832509.
Dillon, Brian. "Attention! Photography and Sidelong Discovery." In Aperture, No.
211, Curiosity (Summer 2013), pp. 25-31. Published in JSTOR.
Accessed October 29, 2019. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24473799.
Kahn, Douglas. Earth Sound Earth Signal : Energies and Earth Magnitude in the Arts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2013. Accessed October 29, 2019. ProQuest Ebook Central.
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