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aerassault0108 · 4 months ago

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Pᴜʟsᴇ: Bʏ Aᴇʀᴀssᴀᴜʟᴛ𝟶𝟷𝟶𝟾

𝘾𝙝𝙖𝙥𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙏𝙬𝙤: “𝙋𝙪𝙡𝙨𝙚”

Ray stepped out onto the pavement.

The air was crisp, regulated beneath the dome's tempered glow. Around him, the city moved with quiet efficiency—trams gliding soundlessly along their tracks, the hum of distant turbines threading through the air.

A few passersby turned as he walked, some offering nods of recognition. A pair of students on a nearby bench glanced up from their tablets, their whispered exchange just faintly audible. Ray paid them little mind.

At the edge of the transit lane, a cab slowed to meet him, its polished surface reflecting the structured skyline.

He stepped inside, and the door sealed with a near-silent hiss. The dashboard flickered on to display a smooth trajectory across the city.

Ray settled back, watching as the city unfurled outside the window. Towering structures of glass and steel curved into the sky, their surfaces shifting with dynamic solar panels. Bridges stretched across the city's canals, where the water ran dark and still, unbroken save for the controlled movements of filtration skimmers.

The cab navigated through it all with quiet precision, each motion calculated, each turn anticipated.

At last, the headquarters of the Astronomic Science Authority came into view—its stark, angular silhouette cutting against the cityscape.

The cab eased to a halt, and as Ray stepped out, he allowed himself a single breath.

Then, with confidence, he made his way inside.

The halls of the ASA hummed with quiet intensity, a steady undercurrent of conversation and distant machinery forming the pulse of the institution.

Scientists moved with purpose, their voices low yet charged, exchanging theories, data, and half-finished thoughts as they passed between sterile glass-paneled laboratories.

The walls bore digital readouts—equations, simulations, real-time telemetry—updating in smooth, flickering intervals.

Ray walked with measured purpose, shoulders squared, hands clasped before him. He gave brief nods of acknowledgment as he passed, but none thought to stop him.

The halls pulsed with urgency—scientists moved briskly, some deep in murmured discussion, others frowning at data readouts while a few scratched notes onto clipboards. A few stood motionless in thought, staring past their own calculations.

The ASA never truly stilled; minds worked even when bodies paused.

A glint of light caught his eye—his gaze flicked to a nearby lab.

A scientist stood alone, unmoving, staring into the glow of a console. The screen's pale light reflected off his glasses, obscuring his expression.

Though curious, Ray moved on.

As he neared his division, a sudden presence jolted into his path.

"Oh! Hello!" The voice was bright, self-assured—perhaps overly so. The young woman before him stood with easy confidence, dressed in a manner that straddled professionalism and personal ease. "You're Godfrey, yes?"

Ray barely opened his mouth before she pressed on.

"Good, good. Thought so. Which means I've found the right division, seeing as, well... you're here."

Ray gave a slow, measured nod. "Indeed. I received word from headquarters regarding your appointment. I am to—"

"Teach me, yes, yes—I know."

The interruption was swift, almost instinctual—then a flicker of embarrassment crossed her face, and when she caught Ray's expression, she faltered.

"O-oh, I, um—I didn't mean to—" she straightened, exhaling sharply as if resetting herself. "P-please, continue."

She crossed her arms, her expression teetering between an apologetic grimace and an uneasy smile.

A brief silence stretched between them. Ray regarded her for a moment longer, then turned sharply on his heel.

"Come along now. There is much to learn."

Ray strode through the division with efficiency, his gait swift yet unhurried. He moved not as a guide but as a man retracing familiar steps, pointing out key features as they passed.

"This corridor houses our primary computational systems—high-density quantum processors running near absolute zero. Processing cores are suspended in a vacuum chamber to prevent heat contamination. Here, the primary astrophysical simulations are conducted—gravitational lensing, dark matter distributions, orbital mechanics, all updated in real time."

The newcomer trailed behind, nodding, though she had little time to process each detail before sidestepping an upcoming colleague.

Ray stopped abruptly at a glass partition, gesturing to the room beyond. "That," he said, "is the photonic spectrometer array. We extract data from deep-field observations, parse light signatures down to individual photons—useful for stellar composition analysis, exoplanet atmospheres, and—"

He pivoted before finishing, already moving again. The intern hurried to catch up, muttering under her breath.

He stopped at a smooth, circular indentation in the wall—no signage, no visible function.

He ran a finger along its surface, nodding to himself before turning back.

"The entire facility is built upon a superconductor-laced substructure," he explained. "Minimal energy loss. Even waste heat is siphoned into secondary systems—passive temperature regulation, water purification. Efficiency is paramount."

She frowned. "That... thing you just touched. What is it?"

Ray glanced at it again. "Ah. A recessed access panel. Maintenance ports are hidden in plain sight—cleaner aesthetic."

She raised an eyebrow. "Concealing maintenance ports in the name of aesthetics... seems impractical."

Ray resumed his brisk pace, weaving through the winding corridors, occasionally stopping to observe something only he seemed to find significant—a particular alignment of conduits, the faint hum of a cooling system, the way a readout flickered in a pattern imperceptible to most.

She fell behind again.

Then, a pause. Ray slowed, scanning the space for another point of interest. A moment of quiet settled between them.

She took the opportunity.

"Beatrice," she said simply.

Ray stopped mid-step, turning to her. "... Surname?"

The question caught her off guard, but she recovered quickly. "Whitmore. Beatrice Whitmore."

Ray tilted his head slightly. He rather liked the name. "Interesting. Miss Whitmore, then."

Beatrice smirked. "I'm a married woman, Mister Godfrey."

Ray stiffened, and his eyes flickered. "Oh... my apologies. I... assumed someone your age wouldn't have settled down yet."

She scoffed. "I'm twenty-four, for your information."

Ray hesitated, then gave a short nod. "Apologies, then."

They continued walking.

Ray was noticeably slower.

After more walking, more of the intricacies of the Division, Beatrice stopped.

A light flashed bright from beyond a window overlooking the city below.

Beatrice stared, and interrupted Ray's guidance with, "Isn't it mad? How light can come and go, yet never be truly destroyed?"

Her words caught Ray's attention, who stopped to listen.

"I mean, everything breaks down in the end, doesn't it? All matter will collapse, the stars will burn out, even the laws of physics might unravel one day. But light—once it's out there, it just keeps going. The only thing that can stop... I don't know—more light?" She chuckled, and pushed away from the window.

Ray paused for a moment, then smiled. "I had been thinking the same thing."

Beatrice turned to him, eyebrows raised. "Oh, really? So I can hold a conversation with you, then."

Ray smirked. "I'm not one to easily be won over."

They both smiled, and gazed out the window together.

Finally, after roughly two hours of guidance, Beatrice got the gist of the Division and they both went for a break in the main lobby.

"Well... I'll be processing that for a decade," Beatrice said, resting her face in her palms.

"I know, I know, it's much—even some people who have worked months here still come across new things."

Ray then passed a cup of coffee over to Beatrice, who drank it immediately.

"I love it here," Ray said, looking around the place with reverence. "Even five years later, I still find something new to learn, some new problem to solve. It just keeps giving."

Familiarity settled in Ray's face. "If you've got what it takes, if you've got the determination, you can do anything."

Beatrice smiled, and, after a moment, nodded confidently.

Ray checked his wristwatch and exhaled softly. "That will do for today. We'll resume tomorrow," he said.

Then, fixing his gaze on Beatrice, he continued in a measured tone, "But tonight, you remain for a preliminary trial—a test of the fundamentals of our division's operations."

He gestured toward a nearby console displaying a streamlined interface. "Your task is straightforward: verify the calibration of the photonic spectrometer array. Ensure its readings conform to our established baselines, then log the data accurately. Think of it as confirming the basics—the foundation upon which all our advanced analyses depend."

His expression grew sterner. "Any missteps won't just set you back—they'll reflect on me as well. But I've no doubt you'll handle yourself just fine."

After a brief pause, he offered a warm, encouraging smile. "Good luck, Beatrice—you can do this."

Ray stepped into the elevator, pressing a biometric panel with his thumb. A soft chime, then rapid descent.

He barely felt the motion—magnetic acceleration made it near-instantaneous.

Floors blurred past on the digital display, and within seconds, he reached the ground level.

The doors whispered open, revealing the polished expanse of the ASA lobby.

He moved toward the exit, but just as he neared the glass doors, a figure stepped into his path.

Ray halted. Immediately, his posture shifted—straightening, hands clasping instinctively behind his back.

"Mr. Ford," he said, lifting his chin up slightly. "A surprise, but never an unwelcome one. Something the matter?"

The man before him, Gregory Ford, was a veteran of the ASA—nearing fifty, but with the physique of a man who never truly stopped working. His grey-streaked hair was neatly combed back, his sharp eyes piercing into Ray.

"Mr. Godfrey," Ford said evenly, "I apologize for delaying you, but I need you at Headquarters. Our chief scientist has reported something... unusual."

Ray tensed. Ford did not use words like unusual lightly.

"... Could—could this not have been sent as a message?" He hesitated, glancing at his watch. "I need to return to my wife before nightfall—"

"I don't want any chance of my message being intercepted." Ford's voice was firm, final.

Ray exhaled slowly, then gave a single nod.

He allowed a brief, knowing smile before turning sharply on his heel. "Come."

Together, they crossed the lobby and stepped into another lift. This one was different—restricted access, destination locked.

The moment the doors sealed, the floor rose beneath them, a sensation of controlled velocity. The ascent was smooth, but the sheer speed was undeniable.

Headquarters sat at the very top of the ASA complex. As the lift doors opened, Ray took a step inside—a stark, functional space, walls lined with high-resolution displays streaming real-time data from deep-space observation arrays.

The lighting was subdued, designed to reduce eye strain during long hours of work. Desks curved seamlessly into integrated consoles, and a window overlooked the distant sprawl of buildings.

In the center of the room, a small office stood encased in reinforced glass. And inside, slumped over a cluttered desk, sat the head scientist.

Dr. Elias Monroe.

Ray had known him for years. He was not an excitable man. Yet even from a distance, it was clear—something had shaken him.

Ford strode forward and knocked twice on the office window. Monroe jumped, rubbing his temples before hurriedly ushering them in.

The office was dimly lit, paper notes scattered among holographic readouts. Monroe barely spared a greeting before diving straight in.

"I assume you've already briefed him?" he asked Ford, voice tight with exhaustion.

"Not yet." Ford folded his arms, giving Monroe space to explain.

The scientist exhaled sharply, nodding to himself as if ordering his thoughts. Then, he turned to Ray.

"We picked up something in deep space—an anomaly. A signal, rhythmic. But it doesn't match any known pattern—JX-914, I would guess."

Ray's brow furrowed. "JX-914?"

Monroe tapped a few keys on his console. A star map flickered on, pinpointing a location far beyond mapped territory.

"Interstellar void," Monroe muttered. "No planets. No pulsars. Nothing but vacuum."

He rubbed his jaw, shaking his head. "And yet, we detected something. Which raises the question... how could we still detect something that far away?"

Silence.

Ray stared at the data, mind already turning over possibilities.

A spark lit his eyes.

Mission Log – Sol 15

Designation: Erebus-1

Commander: Dr. Ray Godfrey

Location: Interstellar Void, en route to Origin Point Theta

"Telemetry remains stable. However, new readings confirm a shift in the pulse periodicity—now precisely 1.00 seconds. Signal intensity has increased by 14.7%. No detectable source. No gravitational anomalies. No energy signatures beyond the pulse itself.

Conclusion: Phenomenon remains unaccounted for. Adjusting course for continued observation."

Personal Notes:

"There is something about it. The way it settles into my bones—like a second heartbeat. I feel it even when the instruments are silent. Faint, but present.

I've noticed a lingering nausea, nothing severe, but distinct. Whether it's psychological or something more, I can't yet say.

Regardless, the work continues.

#chapter 2 #books #books and reading #cosmic #horror #scifi

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usafphantom2 · 2 years ago

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The day the Eagle underestimated Sea Harrier

The Sea Harrier was a tiny, slow and slightly armed curiosity at the time it entered service in 1978. But when confronted with the powerful F-15 Eagle, the most respected combat plane in the world, he proved that it was not a toy...

Giordani By Giordani 08/14/2021 - 10:00 in History, Military

Interview with Commander Nigel David "Sharkey" Ward, who successfully led the Sea Harrier to war in 1982.

In the modern era, air-to-air weapon systems beyond the visual range (Beyond Visual Range - BVR) reduced the likelihood of engaging enemy fighters in an eye-to-eye duel. But it is only during air combat fully within visual range that a pilot's handling skills and tactical awareness are tested to the fullest. Detailed knowledge of the maneuverability of an opposing aircraft and, in fact, the ability of the opposing pilot is essential to ensure victory, especially against a theoretically superior combat aircraft.

When aircraft of the same type and one on one are in combat, the most experienced pilot - in theory - must always win. But when two aircraft are fighting two aircraft, hunting tactics really come into play. It is not easy to explain in detail the intricacies of air combat, but, as in all forms of war, it is necessary to "know the enemy".

At the end of 1979, the Sea Harrier was the new boy in the room and fighter pilots everywhere were eager to know how capable he would be in combat. This led the USAF F-5E Attackers Squadron in Alconbury to invite my Test Unit to visit them for a mutual learning and evaluation air combat program. The result spread quickly throughout the community of hunters. In the end the score was 26 to 10 in our favor.

The head of an F-15 fighter unit stationed in Bitburg, West Germany called me and asked to come visit us with two of his superb aircraft for further combat evaluations. The result was 7 to 1 for us.

Detractors may have called this 'flash in the pan' (straw fire, in free translation - NT). But they would be wrong. In December 1981, I took my new squadron, the 801, to the Air Combat Maneuver Facility in Decimomannu, Cagliari, on the Italian island of Sardinia, to fight once again against the aggressors and the Bitburg Eagles. It was a privilege to share the skies with them once again and take advantage of their knowledge. We had flown with our Sea Harriers through France, coming from the United Kingdom, to participate in tri-national combat combat training against the best of the US and Italian Air Forces. It was an excellent training opportunity - although the Italian pilots never appeared in the air to fight (but they wore flashy flight suits).

For Squadron 801, the unique attraction of the detachment was the state-of-the-art range in which combat should be conducted. Each aircraft carried a special telemetry pod that was monitored and recorded in real time by sensor stations surrounding the combat area, which was over the sea.

The pod transmitted accurate information about the relative position of each aircraft, direction, speed, attitude, angle of attack, 'g' and height. This information was collected by powerful computers on the ground and resulted in a complete three-dimensional recording of each combat, which could be displayed on a large screen in the debriefing room - with freezing and repetition options available instantly - just like a video game. The real-time visualization of each cabin was available on demand and was very realistic. The simulated missile launch and the firing of weapons was precisely measured to establish whether a kill had been achieved, i.e. within range, acquired missiles, weapon tracking on the target, etc. Spurious allegations of 'deaths' would be summarily discounted and disputed allegations of success in combat could be judged fairly and accurately.

Critically, and during each outing interrogation, a pilot could see his tactical handling errors of the aircraft in any part of the combat and could learn from them as they were pointed out by experienced instructors. I was lucky enough to be one of them - an Air Warfare Instructor (AWI) fully qualified and trained by the elite crew of Naval Air Squadron 764 at Lossiemouth Naval Air Station in Scotland.

After getting used to the facilities, the business started for real against the F-15 and F-5E. Our small jet capable of vertical takeoff Sea Harrier more than endured against these two fighters that could fly faster and make much tighter turns. For the uninitiated, this should mean a unilateral dispute that we would always lose. But it wasn't like that.

All the pilots in my squadron approached the air combat detachment with a high level of confidence. Our previous successes against the F-5E and F-15 were not forgotten by our opponents. They treated us with a lot of respect on the ground and, most importantly, in the air. This proved to be a considerable advantage. The real-time recording of each engagement ensured that what had happened on the air was properly and correctly recognized later in the debrief.

The sequence of images were captured from the cockpit of a BAC Lightning and illustrates well what the pilots experienced. (Credits: http://www.lightning.org.uk/julaug05sotm.html)

Our pilots did very well, winning some and losing some. The icing on the cake for me came when I was programmed to fly alone against two F-15 and two F-5E on a 1v2v2 combat mission. I had the great advantage of having Desmond Hughes on the ground radar, my observer from the time of the Phantom, providing me with a continuous comment on the positions of the other four aircraft. It was a totally exciting fight that included a terrible almost frontal collision with one of the F-15.

In a brief skirmish with two F-15s, Desmond guided me to intercept them from the left side. They were in relatively close attack formation and didn't see me until I was running in their beam at 1,100 km/h. They were less than a thousand meters away, crossing from right to left at about 800 km/h, when they saw me and decided to take an evasive action. Due to the need to save fuel, they could only use post-combustion and its supersonic capacity when involved in real combat maneuvers. But instead of bursting towards me and splitting up to give me two targets to face, which was what I expected, they decided to try to overtake me and deny a missile shot.

Two tried to run triggering full post-combustion, but it was too late. When I turned left right behind them, I simulated the launch of two Sidewinders in a very short range. “Fox Two! Fox Two! Splash two F-15’s”. Why they chose to run away instead of fighting, I don't know yet. It was probably the result of our previous meetings.

Seen through the HUD of the Sea Harrier that fired it, an AIM-9L Sidewinder missile heads to the target. The British claim to have destroyed 18 Argentine devices with the expenditure of 26 missiles. Although the AIM-9L is able to hit the target from the front, all the overturns were made from behind.

During that electrifying combat outing, I knocked down a total of seven opponents, between Eagles and Tigers, without any death against me.

Back on the ground and when we analyzed each fight on the screen in the debrief, my statements were totally justified. That was too much for one of the F-15 drivers who tried to say that everything was wrong. But the pilots of the Aggressor squad - blessed be his honesty - said that he had been defeated and that he should face it as a professional, as they did themselves.

My two young first-time pilots, Charlie Cantan and Steve Thomas, made remarkable progress during the detachment, finally understanding the tactical lessons we tried to teach them verbally, but without access to this digital technology.

In a fully developed hunting combat, a fraction of a second of delay in decision making is enough to make the difference between winning and losing your life. There are many nuances in this tactical thinking process. Anticipation, experience and knowledge of the abilities, intentions and future position of your opponent can only be acquired properly in the air.

This learning process usually takes a long time. As a result, during training at our base, I was able to 'overthrow' Charlie and/or Steve a minute after the start of the fight.

Our successes have shaken the world of fighters. We built a reputation that would have a great impact on the conduct of the air war in the Falklands just a few months later.

SOURCE: Hush-Kit

EDITOR'S NOTE: "You fight as you train"

Tags: Famous AircraftcuriositiesHawker-Siddeley Aviation/British Aerospace - Harrier/Sea HarrierHISTORYMcDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle

Giordani

Graduated in Business Administration, he is also an Aircraft Mechanic, but does not exercise the profession. Simply in love with aviation. You know in depth the history of military aviation and how much it has influenced world geopolitics. "If you do not know the Past, you will never be able to understand the Future"

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macgyvermedical · 4 years ago

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Maybe a weird question, I have next to no experience with hospitals and so what I see on tv is where I get most of my knowledge, whether it's accurate or not. Does everyone who gets admitted have a heart rate monitor put on at all times? What other sensors are attached? Is an IV always inserted if they're admitted too?

Good question!

I'll answer the IV question first since it's the easiest. Almost all patients admitted to the hospital will have an IV unless they refuse. These are used to administer drugs and fluids, and also very helpful in an emergency. If the patient is getting continuous fluids, a blood transfusion, or IV medication over an extended period of time, they'll be attached to a pump. Otherwise the port will just be capped.

What monitoring equipment is used is based on what is wrong with the patient and what part of the hospital they are admitted to.

Typically, hospitals have 3 levels of acuity (how much care a patient needs): Critical Care, Telemetry, and Med-Surg. There may be multiple units/floors that fall under these categories, but their monitoring capabilities would be similar. Of these, I have worked med-surg and tele.

Med-Surg is typically the lowest level of acuity. This is where most patients are admitted. Think things like pneumonia, cellulitis, heart failure exacerbations, COPD or asthma exacerbations, as well as where someone might stay for a few days after most surgeries. Depending on the size of the hospital, there may be multiple specialized med-surg floors (say, one just for lung problems, one just for orthopedic surgeries, one just for trauma, etc...), or just one or two where all diagnoses end up.

Med-surg does not have heart monitors, but may have SpO2 (the amount of oxygen in the blood, measured with a probe on a finger or ear), EtCO2 (the amount of carbon dioxide in exhaled breath measured with a specialized nasal cannula), and apnea (whether the person is breathing and how many breaths per minute they are taking) monitors for overnight use in patients with sleep apnea or who have lung problems. These readings are displayed on tiny screens above the patient's bed or transmitted to the nursing station. When patients are up and walking around, they are typically not monitored.

Otherwise, vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2) are taken about every 4-8 hours depending on the patient's condition.

Telemetry units are similar to med-surg units, but they have the additional ability to monitor continuous (3- or 5-lead) EKGs (heart rhythm waveforms). While they can take all higher-acuity med-surg patients, they can specifically also take patients who are admitted for heart rhythm problems. This is important to monitor how a new medication might be working to control a heart rhythm, or monitor for a dangerous heart rhythm.

Most tele units I've worked on have not had the patient monitors in the rooms. The patients carry little packs around in their gowns that connect to the leads on their chests. The packs transmit the EKG data (and optionally SpO2 data if that probe is also attached) to a computer screen at the nurses station and sometimes to a screen or two in the hallway for easy visibility.

Sometimes, if the hospital uses a communication system like Vocera (think little voice-activated cell phones that clip to your scrubs), the packs can also directly communicate to the Vocera and tell the patient's nurse if a heart rhythm changed (the lil computer voice hilariously mispronounces the names of heart rhythms. It's lovely). Or more frequently (like, waaaay more frequently) that the battery in the pack needs changed or that a lead fell off.

(Note- most alarms in med-surg and tele are "false" alarms and the system manufacturers know it. There's a system that has this quiet little "meep meep" sound for apnea (not breathing). Hilariously, it so infrequently actually detects apnea that the sound basically alerts you that the patient is probably breathing but the cannula fell off please help? But anyway, alarm fatigue (not being able to hear any alarms because there are just so many all the time) is a thing.)

Because this can get annoying, sometimes hospitals have people who's job it is to watch the monitors from a central location and call the associated nurses if they see something that looks actually wrong.

Critical Care includes all intensive care units, the emergency department, and any post anesthesia care units (PACU). This is where there are actual hardwired EKG, SpO2, automatic blood pressure, and other sensors that connect straight to a monitor behind the person's bed. They also transmit to the nurses station and Vocera systems if applicable.

In order to have this normal set of sensors (everything seen on the monitor screen below except the two yellow lines and second BP reading), the patient typically has 5 electrodes on their chest, a blood pressure cuff on their arm, a glowing red sticker on their finger or ear, and a cannula in their nose (both for providing oxygen and measuring respiratory rate). All of these require a separate cord to the monitor (or a box transmitting this to the monitor).

In addition to these, ICUs often have systems that can monitor continuous blood pressure via a little catheter in an artery, systems that can monitor pressure inside the skull with a sensor surgically placed in the brain, specific blood pressures in the lungs and heart with special sensors placed in the vasculature, and other invasive and non-invasive monitoring sensors.

Since people in ICU-level care more often have monitors both correctly placed and correctly maintained and since the patients are typically sicker and more likely to have a sudden change in condition, the alarms are statistically more reliable.

#hospital life #heart monitors #medical monitoring #whump reference #writing reference

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skyfire85 · 4 years ago

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FLIGHTLINE: 191- SAAB 37 VIGGEN ("BOLT" OR "TUFTED DUCK")

-A SAAB 37 Viggen in the '70s and '80s era splinter camouflage. | Photo: Swedish Air Force

FLIGHTLINE: 191- SAAB 37 VIGGEN ("BOLT" OR "TUFTED DUCK")

Designed to replace older fighters and attack aircraft in the Swedish Air Force, the Viggen served from the early 70s into the early 2000s.

Development of the Viggen began almost before the planes it was intended to replace, the SAAB 32 Lansen and 35 Draken, took their maiden flights, with the Swedish Air Force beginning work on requirements in 1955. Included were integration into the STRIL-60 electronic air defense system, supersonic speed at low level and Mach 2 performance at altitude, and the ability to land and take off from short, rough fields or even stretches of highway. The latter was further codified in Bas 60, a system of dispersal bases and alternate runways developed by the Swedish Air Force starting in 1958. In the event of war, individual squadrons would be dispersed to krigsflygbaser ("wartime air bases") which had been established ahead of time. Additionally, civilian air ports and specially built sections of the national highway system could also be used as alternatives. As a result, the new aircraft would need to be able to land and take off in 500 meters or less, and further requirements included a modest landing speed at low angles of attack in order to avoid damaging ad hoc runways.

SAAB began design work on a new aircraft between 1952 and 1957, examining and discarding over 100 concepts along the way. Aircraft with one or two engines, tailless delta wings, double deltas, canard designs, and VTOL aircraft incorporating lift jets were all conceived, but by 1963 the new plane, officially titled Aircraft System 37, had taken the form of a single engined aircraft with a double-delta wing mounted low and to the stern, with a large canard foreplane mounted high on the intakes. This configuration had been proven to give the best balance of performance at low and high altitude as well as the needed STOL capability and maneuverability expected of a front-line strike fighter. A defense treaty signed between Sweden and the United States in 1960 allowed access to US research and technology, which resulted in SAAB selecting a license built P&W turbofan to power the System 37. The following year, construction of the first prototype of what became the Viggen began.

DESIGN AND SPECIFICATIONS

-Orthograph of the J 37 Viggen. | Illustration: Kaboldy

The SAAB 37 was roughly the same size as the J 35 Draken, being 16.4m long, with a wingspan of 10.6m, and a height of 5.9m. Empty weight was 9,500kg, while max TO weight varied from 16,400kg to 17,000kg depending on the variant. Maximum speed was Mach 2.1 (2,231 kph) at 11,000 meters, while maximum altitude was 18,000 meters. Six fuel tanks within the aircraft provided a capacity of 5,000 liters of fuel, giving the Viggen a combat radius of 1,000km and a ferry range of 1,800km, while an auxiliary drop tank of 1,500l could also be added to further increase the range. Power was provided by a Volvo RM8A turbofan, a modified and license-built version of the P&W JT8D originally designed for the Boeing 727 and 737. Volvo modified the P&W engine design, with more robust materials going into the manufacture to withstand sustained flight at Mach 2, as well as the addition of an afterburner and thrust reverser, making it the first turbofan so equipped. The RM8A had a dry thrust of 65.6kN and with AB this increased to 115.6kN. As the 37 was designed to be both mechanically simple and easy to maintain, the inlets were D-shaped and without adjustable geometry ramps as on contemporary fighters like the F-4, instead only simple boundary layer splitter plates were incorporated. The thrust-reverser could be preset to engage once the nose gear strut compressed, an innovative feature. Electrical power was provided through a 60kVA generator, and in emergencies a ram-air turbine capable of generating 6kVA was automatically deployed.

The 37's airframe was composed of an aluminum honeycomb structure; a ring aft of the engine was fabricated from titanium for heat-resistance. In order to pull the Viggen into smaller hangars and hardened shelters, the vertical stabilizer cold be folded down via an actuator. The main landing gear, designed for short, rough fields as well as temporary landing strips or stretches of highway, had two wheels arranged in tandem; both wheels were fitted with anti-skid brakes.

-A Viggen being towed from a low-ceilinged hardened shelter. | Photo: Swedish Air Force

The Viggen used a sophisticated suite of avionics, including the Central Kalkylator 37 (CK37, "Central Calculator 37), the first airborne computer to utilize integrated circuits. This digital computer replaced the analogue machines used on earlier aircraft, such as the J 35, which had proven to be difficult to maintain as well as inaccurate in use. On later models of the Viggen, the CK37 was replaced by a license-built copy of the American CD107, which was more powerful. The Viggen used electronics countermeasure equipment developed by Satt Elektronik, including radar warning receivers in the wings and tail, as well as infrared warning receivers. Optionally, an optional Ericsson Erijammer pod and/or SAAB BOZ-100 chaff/flare pod could be added. All told, the SAAB 37 carried 600kg of avionics, a substantial load for single-seat, single engine fighter of the era. Depending on the variant, the Viggen was equipped with either the Ericsson PS 37 or PS 46 radar, both of which operated in the X-band. The PS 37 was capable of air-to-ground and air-to-air telemetry, search, track, terrain-avoidance and cartography, while the more advanced PS 46 had a look-down/shoot-down capacity in excess of 50km, and which could track two targets simultaneously.

The cockpit displays of the 37 included traditional "steam gauge" instruments, as well as a HUD and three CRT screen, which were used to display radar imagery, computer-generated maps, as well as flight and weapons information. During the late 1990s, these CRTs were replaced by LCD screens. The right side of the console panel had dedicated controls and indicators for weapons as well as navigation, oxygen, windshield de-fogging, IFF, and lighting. Situated on the left side were controls for the radar, as well as the landing gear handle, radio controls and the cabin pressure indicator.

-Cockpit of a AJSF 37 Viggen. | Photo: Per80

The pilot was seated on a Raketstol 37 ("Rocket chair 37"), designed for low-altitude, high-speed ejections, and was the last Saab-designed seat used. Once triggered, the entire ejection sequence was automated, including separation of the seat from the pilot. Manual triggers were included in case of malfunction. On twin-seat versions, the pilot in the front cockpit can trigger ejection for both seats.

VARIANTS AND WEAPONS

There were five variants of the Viggen, along with several upgrades and service-life extensions. The AJ 37 (Attack Jakt, "Strike Fighter") was the first to enter service, and was an attack variant with a secondary fighter mission. As such, the AJ's seven pylons could carry 7,000kg of stores, including unguided bombs and pods, such as the Bofors M70, for rockets, as well as the Rb04 anti-ship missile and the Rb05 air-to-surface missile (roughly equivalent to the American Bullpup). No cannon was fitted, though one or two pods could be carried, each of which housed a license-built Aden 30mm cannon and 150 rounds of ammunition. Finally, license-built copies of the AIM-9 Sidewinder, known as the Rb24, could be carried for self-defense. The Viggen was also cleared to carry AIM-4 Falcons, known as the Rb28 in Swedish service, but these were in the process of being phased out. The AJ 37's radar was not spec'd for BVR missiles. 109 AJ 37s were produced.

-Schematic of the AJ 37 carrying various loads. | Illustration: airvectors.com

The second model was the SF 37 (Spanings Foto, "Photo Reconnaissance"), which was a modification of the AJ fuselage, with a new nose containing 7 cameras replacing the radar of the strike version. The camera fit included vertical and oblique cameras, as well as an infrared line scanner and data recording unit. Additional pods could be carried under the intakes, including a "Red Barron" night recon unit or a forward-looking long-range optical (LORP) pod. The SF 37 was fitted with radar-warning receivers and countermeasures pods, and could carry self-defense Sidewinders, but the plane lacked a radar, and was not fitted with a gunsight. 28 total SF 37s were completed.

-Orthograph of the SF 37 carrying drop-tanks and camera pods. | Illustration: wp.scn.ru

The third variant was the SH 37 (Spanings Havsoevervakning, "Coastal Surveillance & Reconnaissance") model, which was externally identical to the AJ 37, but the nose contained a new Ericsson PS-371/A radar, which was optimized for maritime surveillance. Like the SF 37, the SH could carry the Red Barron or LORP camera pods, but like the AJ it could also carry the Rb04 anti-ship missile, as well as the other offensive and defensive equipment of the strike version. 27 SH 37 aircraft were built between 1977 and 1979, and Flygvapnet reconnaissance squadrons operated a mix of the SF 37 and SH 37.

-Scale model of an SH 37, armed with Rb04 missiles. | Photo: trickyrich

A two-seat trainer variant was not initially ordered, but the Swedish Air Force reversed itself, and one of the prototypes was completed as a trainer, designated the Sk 37 (Skol, "School"). Based on the AJ 37 airframe, a second cockpit was grafted onto the fuselage, with part of a fuel tank being removed to make space. Two periscopes were added to the instructor's cockpit to improve his view. The tail fin was also modified, with a 10cm extension added to the top of the fin. The trainer version did not have a radar, and although stores could be fitted the the accurate delivery of bombs was somewhat compromised. Interestingly, the Sk retained the fairings for the radar warning gear, though the RWR equipment was not carried. 17 Sk 37s were produced.

-Schematic showing the difference in appearance of the SF and Sk 37 models. | Illustration: airvectors.com

The final production variant was the JA 37 (Jakt, "Fighter"), which saw a longer development as the Flygvapnet felt no rush to retire the J 35 Draken. The JA variant had the same tail extension as the Sk 37, and the fuselage was also stretched 10cm ahead of the wing to accommodate the more powerful RM8B engine, which had a maximum output of 125kN with afterburner. The interceptor had four elevator actuators versus the three present on the other models of Viggen, as the Flygvapnet saw the need for additional maneuverability, and the structure was reinforced to withstand higher stresses. In total, a JA 37 was approximately 400kg heavier than an AJ 37. The fighter carried different avionics than the other Viggen as well, including a PS-46/A radar, with look-down/shoot-down capacity and a range of 48km. The JA 37 also carried a more powerful central computer, the Garrett LD-5 digital air data computer (the same unit carried on the F-14 Tomcat), and one of the first digital flight-control systems. The fighter version was armed with a single Oerlikon KCA 30mm cannon, which had more range and punch than the Aden cannon carried by the AJ 37. The JA 37 had the same seven pylons as other models, with the center hardpoint being the only "wet" (capable of carrying a fuel tank) one. The other pylons could carry up to four Rb24 Sidewinders, as well as two Rb71 Skyflash semi-active radar homing (SARH) missiles. The JA 37 could carry the M70 rocket pods, with the gunsight being used for aiming, but the type was not capable of carrying the other bombs and missiles available to the AJ 37.

-Cutaway drawing of the JA 37, showing internal systems and armaments. | Illustration: SAAB

TESTING AND OPERATIONAL HISTORY

The first Viggen prototype was rolled out of the factory on 24 November 1966, with maiden flight occurring on 8 February 1967, the flight lasting 43 minutes. The second Viggen followed in flight on 21 September '67, and the third on 29 March 1968. By April 1969, all six of the single seat prototypes were flying in different trials for the forthcoming AJ 37 variant. The first aircraft was involved in a fatal accident on 31 May 1968 when the pilot dropped a flight checklist and in reaching for it triggered the ejection seat. Being an early model, it was not a true "zero-zero" seat, and the parachute did not open in time, killing test pilot Lennart Fryoe. The aircraft was repaired and returned to flight shortly thereafter. The fourth prototype was written off after leaving the runway and rolling over during a test on the thrust reverser on 7 May 1969, though the pilot was not seriously injured. That same month, the Viggen made its first public world-wide appearance at the Paris Air Show. On 5 April 1968, a production order for 175 Viggens, a mix of AJ, SF, SH and Sk variants, was placed, with the first production AJ 37 having its maiden flight on 23 February 1971 and delivery to the Flygvapnet in June of that year.

-Five of the Viggen prototypes lined up at the Linköping Testing Center in 1969. | Photo: SAAB

-Viggens under construction at SAAB's factory. In the background are J 35 Drakens for the Danish Air Force. | Photo: SAAB

The Skaraborg Air Force Wing became the first wing to receive the Viggen in 1971, with pilots completing a 450 hour course, first in the SAAB 105 trainer, then the J 32 Lansen before graduating to the Sk 37 tainer and finally the AJ 37. Dedicated simulators were also used, which was later cited as a major factor in pilot's ease of flying the new plane. Still, it took until October 1973 for the Wing to reach full effectiveness; by May 1974 two squadrons were fully operational with the third rapidly approaching complete status. The SH 37 maritime recon variant was officially introduced in 1975, followed in 1977 by the SF photo recon version. In September 1980 the JA 37 fighter model was added, with the Bråvalla Air Force Wing being the first to convert. By the mid-1980s, the Viggen was the Flygvapnet's primary air-defense platform, with the older Lansen relegated to target-tugs and electronics warfare, while the last J 35F wing converted in 1985.

-In order to maximize tactical flexibility, recon missions were often flown by an SH and an SF model, in this photo the SH is in the foreground and armed with a pair of Rb04 while the SF is in the background. | Photo: Flygvapnet

-A fully-loaded JA 37 on a test flight, armed with Sidewinders, Skyflash and cannon. | Photo: Flygvapnet

-Operationally the JA 37 flew in an air-superiority camo scheme of light and dark gray, while the other models sported the tri-color splinter scheme. | Photo: Paul Nann

The Viggen proved to be as easy to maintain as SAAB's engineers intended, with a team of five conscripts under the supervision of one chief mechanic able to keep a plane flying. Refueling and rearming a Viggen could be accomplished in as little as ten minutes, and an engine change could be completed in four hours. The 37 required 9 hours of front-line maintenance and 22 hours of depot level maintenance per flight hour, compared to the J 35, which required a total of 50 hours of maintenance per flight hour.

The effectiveness of the Viggen, as well as the Swedish air defense network as a whole, was demonstrated in the 1980s when, on several occasions. JA 37s tracked USAF SR-71 Blackbirds on their tracks into and out of Soviet airspace. Aided by the predicable course of the Blackbirds, and fed intercept data from ground controllers, the Viggen became the only aircraft acknowledged to have achieved radar lock-on of an SR-71, despite heavy jamming efforts by the American spy planes. These intercepts were kept classified well into the 2000s.

In the early 1990s, an upgrade program was started to modify the AJ, SF and SH variants to a single common configuration, known as the AJS 37. The modified Viggen would be a multi-role aircraft, and numerous upgrades were completed on the aircraft, including the addition of a new data bus and radar, which allowed the AJS 37s to carry AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles (license-built as the Rb99). The upgraded Viggen were also capable of carrying the Rb75, a license-built copy of the AGM-65 Maverick and the Rb15F, an upgrade of the Rb4 anti-ship missile. In all, 115 AJS 37 were completed, with maiden flight of the first converted aircraft occurring on 4 June 1996.

Ten Sk 37s, meanwhile, were converted to electronics warfare trainers between 1998 and 2000, which allowed the planes to act as aggressors during training exercises. This conversion was fairly involved, adding a new data bus, a GPS receiver and comprehensive reworking of the former instructor pilot's cockpit which included flat-panel displays, jammer controls and a separate radio for the electronics warfare officer. The Sk37 E Stoer ("Jammer") was also modified to carry a built-in radar jammer as well as external ECM and flare/chaff pods. The Stoer could also act operationally if the need arose.

The JA 37 fighters also received a series of upgrades in the 90s, including glass cockpit displays, new mission computers and data busses, improved ECM capabilities, a Synthetic Attitude Heading Reference System (SAHRS) to improve navigation, and an upgraded radar that allowed them to also carry the Rb99 AMRAAM missile.

-A JA 37D carrying 3 Rb99 and two Rb24, along with an electronics warfare pod, during an intercept mission. | Photo: Flygvapnet

Despite these upgrades, the Viggens were rapidly approaching the end of their service lives, and in fact had received several extensions due to the protracted development and production of the JAS 39 Grippen that was to take their place. These issues were finally sorted out in the early 2000s, and the final JA 37D was retired from Swedish service in 2005, while the Sk 37E held on until 2007. There were no export operators of the Viggen, despite the proposed 37X variant for Norway in the late 60s, and an attempt in 1975 to sell the 37E model to NATO as a replacement for the F-104 Starfighter.

SURVIVORS

Two Viggen, an AJS and an Sk, are registered to the Swedish Air Force Historic Flight association and are maintained in flight-worthy condition, registered as SE-DXN and SE-DXO respectively. Nearly two dozen Viggen, in part or in whole, are on display in Sweden and across Europe.

-SE-DXN on its inaugural flight after restoration. | Photo: Ragnhild & Neil Crawford

-An AJS 37, in a commemorative red paint scheme, at the Swedish Air Force Museum, Malmslätt. | Photo: Mangan2002

#airplane #airplanes #aircraft #Aviation #avgeek #saab #saab viggen #ja 37 viggen #aj 37 viggen #ajs 37 viggen #saab 37 viggen #swedish air force #sweden #svenska flygvapnet

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kph-01 · 5 years ago

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Diary of KPH-01 (part 4)

The interview

//Log

We reached Amargo Base in a few hours, the vehicle stopped inside an empty garage, there was no one to greet us and soon I learnt why.

The garage door closed and all the humans inside the vehicle stepped out, a large mirror in the wall turned transparent revealing the presance of four other humans in lab coats, presumably scientists or researchers.

"We are sorry for the inconvenience but we have to make sure you're not carrying dangerous pathogens or radiation. Please stand by"

A team of humans in hazmat walked in from a door next to the window, a few were carrying large devices, a closer inspection revealed them to be Geiger counters, gas detectors and others.

"Clear"

The researchers on the other side of the glass panel sighed in relief and used the speaker to communicate again

"We'll conduct other tests but for now you're free to enter, however decontamination is still required"

The hazmat team lead me and the other humans through the door they came from and sealed once we were all inside, an aerosol of chemicals was released at high pressure, the temperature rose by 5 degrees. The whole decontamination procedure lasted for a minute before we were allowed to enter the structure. The walls and the ceiling were white while the floor was tinted gray, as we walked we passed in front of several doors leading to other parts of the laboratory, Lieutenant Rodriguez remained next to me the whole time until we were accommodated in a waiting room, two humans in lab coats greeted me, a male and a female human.

"Greetings visitor from the stars! I'm Joseph Hughes, director of this research centre!"

He saluted me showing his hand, it was different from what I had seen and all other humans looked at him disdained.

"Director I doubt they are Vulcan..."

The female standing next to him whispered in the Directors ears.

"Whatever, whatever, this is a joyous day! Would you like something to drink? Coffee? Tea? Cola?"

The director was fawning over me and staring at my frame with morbid interest.

"No thank you, I do not need to drink and I couldn't even if I wanted to"

"Ah what a shame, please write that down Asami"

"Yes director"

The human female nodded and started taking notes on a clipboard. The director started circling around me

"Should we be aware of anything? Do you require anything to stay comfortable? Oxygen? Nitrogen? Water? Light?"

My opinion on the director was slightly altered as he showed genuine care for my well being.

"No director, my frame can function in outer space and in complete darkness, the only thing I'd need is to fix my telemetry and communication apparatus"

"ASAMI quick pull out the camera! Can we assist you in any way?"

Asami, reached for one of the pockets in the coat and took out a small camera, starting to film us.

"It would normally require me to connect to UniMatrix but I'm currently disconnected... I require a computer..."

The director gestured me to wait a second before dashing out of the room almost tripping on the door frame, he came back with a laptop and followed by another researcher who appeared to be quite altered

" I NEED THAT!! "

He shouted at the director while he ignored it.

"Here use this"

He presented me the laptop, breathing havely. The other researcher stood still staring at my with his mouth agape, curious.

I took the laptop and inspected it, the fastest way to share data was to use the USB port so I proceeded to grow an USB cable from my hand, connecting to the port in a quiet click. Soon the people in the room gasped in surprise, was I not supposed to do it? They aren't stopping me and Asami is still filming.

I transferred part of my internals inside the computer and modified the note pad program to be able to read my data.

Errors, errors everywhere. My internal code is garbled and nonsensical just like I predicted, the impact must've sent an electromagnetic pulse through my system. I delete everything and replaced it with what was supposed to be, writing it by hand on the keyboard.

I uploaded the file back to my system and my communication link was promptly restored.

"I am no more a unit, I am we. We are part of UniMatrix"

The humans around me held their breath while we gave the laptop back to the director. A massive flow of data was sent us by UniMatrix and we replied back with all the informations gathered. Within a second we were updated, our body frame is now resistant to electromagnetic pulses, ballistic weapons, explosions and hacking.

The director was shaking and so was Asami, they stared at the computer screen reading the file I wrote.

"What is this? code? You are machines??"

"correction director, we are a hivemind entity, our physical form is determined by the conditions of the environment, we are modeled after a human body due to its versatility in this ecosystem, as well as to ease your perception of danger."

After our statement nobody dared to talk, Asami had stopped filming and was looking at the director for instructions.

" THIS IS MAGNIFICENT! EXTRAORDINARY! TERRIFIC! "

Director Hughes exploded in a display of euphoria. His brain was flooded by chemicals and adrenaline.

"ASAMI QUICK CALL EVERYONE!"

"everyone director? What do you mean..?"

"Oh Asami I mean everyone! NASA, SETI, the secretary of state, the CIA, all of them, we need to start diplomatic relationships as soon as possible!"

Colonel Miller stepped in and pulled the director aside, they had a brief discussion and they both came back a little less euphoric.

" We won't call NASA, not until our diplomatic relationship are established. "

We and UniMatrix were amused by the reaction of humans, secrecy again, something so odd from our point of view.

"Tomorrow we'll have a conference with the representatives of their agencies, for now we're forbidden to ask any more questions, someone please lead them to a guestroom and provide them whatever they need and we are allowed to. We'll see again tomorrow!"

The director stated before leaving the room, the soldiers were looking at Colonel Miller, what he said was probably the cause of the mood drop

" This way please "

Asami slime and led us to a guestroom, a simple two room apartment with a bathroom and a bedroom, nothing else. We don't require sleep but we appreciate the free time, we'll be in contact with UniMatrix.

"Goodnight"

Asami waved and closed the door behind her after leaving, we were left alone by humans, we could explore the internet to our will.

Joseph Hughes, human male, light skin tone, old age, long curly Grey hair, light body, wear glasses to correct vision deficiency. Director of the laboratory inside Amargo Base.

Yoshida Asami (Last name, name) female human, Asian skin tone, long straight black hair. Director's assistant.

#humans are aliens #humans are weird #humans in space #science fiction

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nuttydefendoryouth · 4 years ago

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Development of a Wireless Temperature Sensor Using Polymer-Derived Ceramics

A temperature sensor has been developed using an embedded system and a sensor head made of polymer-derived SiAlCN ceramics (PDCs). PDC is a promising material for measuring high temperature and the embedded system features low-power consumption, compact size, and wireless temperature monitor. The developed temperature sensor has been experimentally tested to demonstrate the possibility of using such sensors for real world applications.

1. Introduction

Accurate temperature measurements are crucial for many applications, such as chemical processing, power generation, and engine monitoring. As a result, development of temperature sensors has always been a focus of microsensor field. A variety of materials have been studied for temperature sensor applications, for example, semiconducting silicon and silicon carbide. Silicon based sensors are typically used at temperatures lower than 350°C due to accelerated material degradation at higher temperature [1, 2]. Silicon carbide based sensors are better than silicon based sensors in high temperature measurement and can be applied in temperatures up to 500°C [3–5].

Polymer-derived SiAlCN ceramics (PDCs) are another widely studied material that demonstrate properties such as excellent high temperature stability [6] as well as good oxidation/corrosion resistance [7]. PDCs have been considered as a promising material for measuring high temperature [8]. Our early works have showed that PDC sensor head can accurately measure high temperature up to 830°C [9] using data acquisition system from National Instruments. The cost and size of the sensor system must be significantly reduced before it can be deployed for real world applications. In this paper, we develop a temperature sensor using PDC and an embedded system. Comparing to the National Instruments data acquisition equipment used in the previous paper, the newly developed embedded sensor is much smaller (9.7 dm3 versus 0.3 dm3), lighter (5.97 kg versus 0.19 kg), and cheaper (approximately $8000 versus $170). A WiFi module is also added so the temperature measurement can be transmitted wirelessly. The embedded board and WiFi module used in this paper are commercially available. The experiments in this paper demonstrate the possibility of deploying PDC based sensors for real world applications.

2. Fabrication of the PDC Sensor Head

In this study, the PDC sensor head is fabricated by following the procedure reported previously [9]. In brief, 8.8 g of commercially available liquid-phased polysilazane (HTT1800, Kion) and 1.0 g of aluminum-tri-sec-butoxide (ASB, Sigma-Aldrich) are first reacted together at 120°C for 24 hours under constant magnetic stirring to form the liquid precursor for SiAlCN. The precursor is then cooled down to room temperature, followed by adding 0.2 g of dicumyl peroxide (DP) into the liquid under sonication for 30 minutes. DP is the thermal initiator which can lower the solidification temperature and tailor the electrical properties [10]. The resultant liquid mixture is solidified by heat-treatment at 150°C for 24 hours. The disk-shaped green bodies are then prepared by ball-milling the solid into fine powder of ~1 μm and subsequently uniaxially pressing. A rectangular-shaped sample is cut from the discs and pyrolyzed at 1000°C for 4 hours. The entire fabrication is carried out in high-purity nitrogen to avoid any possible contamination.

Pt wires are attached to the sensor head by two ceramic fasteners on the two mounting holes on the diagonal of the sensor head. To improve the conductivity, both mounting holes are coated with Pt plasma; see Figure 1.

To measure temperature using the PDC sensor, the processor needs to perform the following tasks: () supply voltage to the circuit through DAC7724; () sample the circuit output using AD7656 and convert the output to temperature measurement; and () transmit data to readers from the RS232 port.

The input signal to the conversion circuit is a sinusoidal signal of ±10 V. The sinusoidal signal can bypass the parasitic capacitor in series to the PDC probe. The noise from the furnace coil can also be greatly subdued. The sensor output voltage is approximately sinusoidal as well and its magnitude can be computed using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) or curve fitting using recursive least square method (RLSM) [11]. Comparing to FFT, RLSM is more computationally efficient but may have numerical instability because TMS320F28335 only supports IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic. Here we prefer FFT for fast prototyping purpose because Texas Instruments provides FPU library that performs floating FFT routines on C2000 series microcontroller. Next we explain how the sensor works.

A high-priority interrupt service request (ISR1) based on a CPU timer continues reading a look-up-table and drives the DAC7724 to generate the input signal . The frequency of is controlled by the frequency of ISR1. ISR1 also samples circuit output from AD7656 and adds the data to a 1024-point buffer if there is no FFT running. Once the buffer is filled up, ISR1 stops writing the buffer and the FFT routine starts. The FFT routine is implemented in another slower low-priority interrupt service (ISR2). Once the FFT routine is completed, ISR2 will give ISR1 the permission to clean and write the input buffer again. The magnitude from the FFT is used as the circuit output . The software flowchart is shown in Figure 4.

High temperature sensors capable of operating in harsh environments are needed in order to prevent disasters caused by structural or system functional failures due to increasing temperatures. Most existing temperature sensors do not satisfy the needs because they require either physical contact or a battery power supply for signal communication, and furthermore, neither of them can withstand high temperatures nor rotating applications. This paper presents a novel passive wireless temperature sensor, suitable for working in harsh environments for high temperature rotating component monitoring. A completely passive LC resonant telemetry scheme, relying on a frequency variation output, which has been applied successfully in pressure, humidity and chemical measurement, is integrated with a unique high-k temperature sensitive ceramic material, in order to measure the temperatures without contacts, active elements, or power supplies within the sensor. In this paper, the high temperature sensor design and performance analysis are conducted based on mechanical and electrical modeling, in order to maximize the sensing distance, the Q factor and the sensitivity. In the end, the sensor prototype is fabricated and calibrated successfully up to 235ºC, so that the concept of temperature sensing through passive wireless communication is proved.

This paper aims to develop a prototype for a web-based wireless remote temperature monitoring device for patients. This device uses a patient and coordinator set design approach involving the measurement, transmission, receipt and recording of patients’ temperatures via the MiWi wireless meter iot solution. The results of experimental tests on the proposed system indicated a wider distance coverage and reasonable temperature resolution and standard deviation. The system could display the temperature and patient information remotely via a graphical-user interface as shown in the tests on three healthy participants. By continuously monitoring participants’ temperatures, this device will likely improve the quality of the health care of the patients in normal ward as less human workload is involved.

Background

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, hospitals became treatment centres in most countries. Because a patient’s core body temperature is one vital parameter for monitoring the progress of the patient’s health, it is often measured manually at a frequency ranging from once every few hours to once a day [1]. However, such manual measurement of the temperature of patients requires the efforts of many staff members. In addition, when the patients suffer from conditions that result in abrupt changes of the core body temperature, e.g., due to infection at a surgical site after surgery, the staff on duty will not know such a temperature change occurred until the next temperature measurement. Such a delay may lead to patients being unnoticed while their health conditions worsen, which is dangerous because a difference of 1.5 degrees Celsius can result in adverse outcomes [2]. Furthermore, there is always a need to have a monitoring system to improve the quality of health care [3], such as temperature monitoring of elderly and challenged persons using a wireless remote temperature monitoring system.

Body temperature can be used to monitor the pain level of a patient following an operation [4] or after shoulder endoprosthesis [5]. In some cases, the tissue transient temperature was monitored during microwave liver ablation [6] for the treatment of liver metastases. Instead of using a temperature sensor, pulse-echo ultrasound [7] was used to visualize changes in the temperature of the patient’s body. In addition, a non-contact temperature-measuring device, such as a thermal imaging camera [8], was successfully used to detect human body temperature during the SARS outbreak. However, it can be quite expensive to equip each patient room with a thermal imaging camera. In addition, there are a few wireless temperature measuring solution (e.g., CADIT™, Primex™, and TempTrak™) on the market that are used to monitor and store a patient’s temperature for medical research by using body sensor networks [9]. Most of these systems consist of an electronic module and a temperature-sensing device. The systems include a stand-alone electronic module with a display screen that allows the temperature sensor data to be transmitted over a secure wireless network.

However, these systems can be difficult to reconfigure to suit the current database system used in the hospital. In addition, the current systems using short message service (SMS)-based telemedicine [10] systems with hardware equipment were developed to monitor the mobility of patients. However, proper hardware and software to manage the messages and the patient’s temperature for display on mobile phones are not widely available.

Hence, a medical device to continuously measure the body temperature of patients using a wireless temperature receiver [4,11,12] is required. With such a wireless temperature sensor system, nurses will no longer have to manually measure the temperature of patients, which will free their time for other tasks and also reduce the risk associated with coming into contact with patients with contagious diseases, such as SARS. The readings will be transmitted wirelessly to the central nurse station, where they can be monitored by the staff-on-duty. In addition, the current and past history of the body temperature measurements can be stored in an online database, which allows the medical staff to access the database when they are not in the hospital.

To the best of our knowledge, a MiWi wireless (besides using the Zigbee[11]) temperature-monitoring system using a patient and coordinator set design that provides remote internet access to the temperature database has not been reported in any publication. The objective is therefore to develop and implement a prototype temperature-monitoring system for patients using a MiWi wireless remote connection to the nurse’s station for frequent real-time monitoring. The temperature monitoring system was designed based on a proposed patient and coordinator set design approach. The proposed temperature-monitoring system for use in normal ward will likely to improve the quality of the health care of the patients as the nursing workload is reduced. In this paper, the discussion on medical regulations and policy will not be included.

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fallout4holmes · 4 years ago

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Nuka-World 5

Holmes held off on putting up a flag in Kiddie Kingdom; he wanted to give Oswald plenty of time to round up his remaining friends and leave town before raiders moved in. Holmes also wanted to see more of Nuka-Town's exterior, keep going before we attracted attention with his absence. I think part of him was hoping to see some chink in the wall, some flaw we could use to our advantage. Heck, I know I was.

All we found was a foul-tempered deathclaw.

"Did you ever hear Danse's recommendation for how to hunt deathclaws?" Holmes hissed as I got a stimpack in him afterward. "'Return to base and forget about it. You'll live longer.'"

I chuckled, "Man's got a sense of humor I never give him credit for. You alright?" He nodded. "Honest answer, Sherlock," I said with a small smile.

Holmes frowned and admitted, "There is a ringing in my ears, but the rest of me will be fine as soon as the stimpak does its work."

I gently tilted his head back to get a look at his eyes. "Vision blurry?"

He hesitated, "Slightly."

"I want that Dr. Mackenzie to check you out. Might have a concussion."

"We can't waste the opportunity—"

"I'm not risking you being hurt worse than you look," I said, firm. "I know I'm killing a great chance for intel, make a plan, get the hell out of this place… but damn it, Sherlock, it doesn't do me any good if you wind up getting hurt beyond repair."

"If it meant you at least could get home—"

"You're gonna stop that kind of talk right now. You're seeing the doc," I helped him up, "and we'll figure something out."

I helped him back, but he insisted on going in through the front gate on his own. He pulled it off too, not that I thought he wouldn’t. The guy’s impressively stubborn. Maybe I should have said “infuriatingly,” but I guess it’s a bit of both. The doc checked him over, with the marketplace guards looking curious all the while. No one asked any questions, and Dr. Mackenzie said he probably suffered a mild concussion and needed to take it easy a couple days.

“Limited physical exertion and mental concentration, if possible,” she suggested. I guess it’s hard for a doctor to be firm with her patient when she’s got a shock collar around her neck.

Holmes sighed, “Unfortunately, I don’t think that’s going to be an option.”

With that, we headed back to the Overboss’s room. Gage was waiting for us by the lift and followed us up. As soon as we were safely above listening ears, Gage helped himself to the bar. “Shit,” the raider chugged a swallow of what was probably vodka, “The fuck were you thinking, boss?! Everyone’s talking about how all of a sudden Kiddie Kingdom ain’t got a rads problem anymore, you can see the fucking park instead of a green haze! Then you come walking back in, go straight to the doc, and she tells you to take it easy?”

He slammed the bottle down on the bar and started pacing. “So you went in, cleaned out the park, nearly got yourself killed, and didn’t put up a flag. What the Fuck am I supposed to do with that?” He turned to me, “Shut up, I don’t want an answer, I got an answer already lined up. You gotta understand, the new Overboss getting his ass kicked doesn’t look good.” He turned back to Holmes, “You made it here without help, that’s good, but you look like shit. Cleaning out Kiddie Kingdom, rads central. Makes sense you’d get sick. I can run that angle. No flag? Eh, who wants the kid town anyway. Besides, wanna give it time to air out or whatever. That’ll keep folks… not happy, but not angry, which is the important part. Soon as you're ready, we’ll head out for one of the other parks." Gage walked right up to Holmes then, "This time, I’m coming with. Can’t let anyone get the idea I don’t care about the Overboss’s health.”

So much for finding a way out on our own.

The Galactic Zone was west of Nuka-Town and, according to Gage, the traders used to scavenge for scrap in the space-themed park before the raiders moved in. The dead bodies by the entrance weren’t encouraging.

Holmes looked at Gage. Gage shrugged, “I dunno what killed ‘em, they were here when we took over the place.”

Holmes searched the bodies and found a holotape. It was a diary; the dead traders had come to salvage the tech in the park, but something had gone wrong. Something called a "Star Control."

"The fuck is a star control?" Gage grumbled.

"I don't know," Holmes said, pistol drawn, "but activating it somehow caused these people's deaths."

Gage was not impressed, "Killing a bunch of traders already running away don't mean much."

"I have found it is best to be cautious when dealing with technology one does not understand," Holmes said flatly.

We headed in. Considering the theme of the park, the hostile robots weren't much of a surprise, but the number and variety was a bit of a shock.

"Didn't think I'd be getting shot at by a walking refrigerator today!" I shouted to Holmes as we took cover from the bot's blue blasts.

"Is it really shooting that Quantum shit??" Gage sounded offended. He got off a few shots with his rifle, shattering the display screen on top of the fridge. It didn't seem to slow it down. “Never did have the aim to knock the batteries out of 'em,” Gage shouted, “Always had to take down robots the hard way!”

Holmes drew Oswald's sword and charged. I swore, loudly, “Damn it, Gage, don’t give him ideas!!” Gage and I rushed after Holmes as he crippled the robot. Then I saw the eyebots. And the protectron. “We got company!”

“C’mere, spare parts!” Gage growled and opened fire.

I’ll give Gage some small credit; the man’s good in a fight, even if I hate how he shanghaied us into this mess. The three of us took the robots out, but that was just the welcoming committee. The whole park was populated by modified models of robots, painted in Nuka colors. Holmes wanted to find the Star Control, figuring that whatever it was probably had something to do with the robots run amok, and the dead traders out front.

None of us were expecting it to be a huge military-grade computer mainframe.

Gage whistled low, “Well ain't this somethin'. Probably don't all work, but... I'm gonna keep my hands to myself just the same.”

“You’re smarter than you look,” I muttered.

“Least I look like something, instead of falling apart.”

“Enough,” Holmes ordered. He approached a corpse holding a black circuit board with glowing red lights. The board was the same size and shape as the empty panels all across the mainframe. Holmes placed the board in one of the panels, and the mainframe powered up.

“Guess shooting it won’t do the trick, huh?” Gage joked as Holmes accessed the terminal.

“Shooting things is rarely an effective way to gain information, Mr. Gage,” Holmes said.

“Sure it is,” Gage shrugged, “you just gotta be careful not to kill ‘em on the first shot.”

While Holmes read, I looked around. The building was a military and space exhibit, a diorama of a Quantum-blue suit of power armor on the moon enclosed by glass in the middle. The fella Holmes had taken the gadget from had a holotape on him. Turned out he was the one that turned on the robots to defend his people from Colter's raiders, before making sure that the system could handle it. ‘What’s the worst that could happen,’ he wondered.

Well.

Holmes stepped away from the terminal and gestured to the panels, “The system is a Systemized Telemetry for Automated Robot Control, or S.T.A.R. Control. These cores enable communication to all of the robots in the park. If we can find the cores, we can shut the robots down and eventually disable the defense mode they’re currently in.”

“Find the shiny rectangle things? That’s it?” Gage said.

“And not get killed by rampaging robots in the process,” Holmes nodded.

“Right. I’m so glad we picked this park to start off,” Gage headed toward the entrance, “who’s bright idea was that?”

“Yours,” I said.

It’s hard to imagine Nuka-World as a place families once came to when you’re shooting robots alongside a raider who essentially kidnapped you and your partner to force you into being his front for power… but the Galactic Zone was probably pretty impressive back in its day. RobCo sponsored a battle arena to show off its robots, there was a movie theater featuring whatever sci-fi flick of the day, a space-adventure roller coaster, everything a kid with a fascination for robots and astronauts could want. There was also a Vault-Tec exhibit.

The attraction was obviously just a way to attract customers to purchase spots in vaults. I got a kick out of the "Mutations: It Could Happen To You” pamphlet we found behind a desk. Of course, it’s not really Vault-Tec if there’s not some sort of immoral experimentation going on, and sure enough this facsimile of a vault had all the requirements. Vault-Tec used the ride to experiment on visitors. After everything we’ve found in Vaults, you’d think I’d stop being surprised.

“You ask me, whole idea of these ‘Vaults’ was messed up,” Gage grumbled as we walked through. “Sure, stick me underground with no control over anything... What could go wrong?”

“You would have made a fascinating specimen for some of the horrific experiments I’ve seen,” Holmes muttered.

Gage frowned, “I don’t know if that was an insult or not, so I’m gonna keep my mouth shut this time. But if—”

Whatever threat was lined up got cut off by the protectrons on display coming to life.

We fought our way through the park, explored the nooks and crannies of every ride and exhibit until we’d collected a hefty haul of star cores. Once we were back at the Star Control, Holmes loaded them into the panels. There were only a few empty spots left, and that was more than enough for our purposes.

“There,” Holmes announced as he accessed the terminal again. “The robots have been taken off defense mode.”

“Good,” Gage said. “Means they won’t cause any trouble for whatever gang gets this place, right?”

“Yes.” Holmes kept neutral.

“So which is it gonna be?”

“I hadn’t given it much thought.”

Gage rolled his eyes, “Well start thinkin’, boss. Sooner you hoist a flag, the sooner we can get back to Nuka-Town and get ready for the next park.”

Holmes thought for a moment. He rifled through the pack of flags and pulled out a tattered sheet with a red knife crossing four black blades painted in the middle. As he headed up one of the ramps to the second floor of the building, Gage laughed, “Shit, the Disciples? Really? Figured you’d be more fond of the Operators.”

I was frowning as Holmes came back down. He gestured that we leave. The three of us got moving, Gage leading the way back to town. “Disciples?” I asked in a low voice.

“To paraphrase something Gage said earlier, raiders aren’t good with technology. I don’t imagine the Disciples will find much relief for their bloodlust in fighting robots.”

“Unless they make the robots fight other people.”

“That’s something the Pack might attempt, but not the Disciples. They enjoy getting their own hands dirty too much. And if any of these raiders could figure out how to use the Star Control system, I imagine it would be the Operators.”

“So you gave it to the gang that would get the least use and satisfaction out of it.”

He nodded.

I smiled, just a little.

#fallout4holmes #fallout 4 #nuka world #sherlock holmes #fan fiction #catching up on past posts

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sw5w · 1 year ago

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Anakin Stays Focused

STAR WARS EPISODE I: The Phantom Menace 01:08:17

#Star Wars #Episode I #The Phantom Menace #Tatooine #Boonta Eve Classic #podrace #The Whip #telemetry antenna #Anakin Skywalker #adjustable goggles #headphones #throttle lever #telemetry computer #display screen #Anakin Skywalker's podracer #control pod

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collarest-blog · 5 years ago

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Keeping Track of Your Best Friend GPS Dog Collar

Keeping track of your dog when it is off it leash can Best GPS Dog Collars be nerve racking at best. One minute the dog is at your side and the next it is gone. You call but the dog does not return. Panic sets in and you rush about looking everywhere.

If you are adjacent to large tracts of wild lands it may take you some time to locate your dog and in some case your best friend is never found. For many people this is like losing a child with all its grief and anguish. Hunting and large dog breeds must be allowed to run. Keeping them on a lead all the time is at best cruelty. New technology in the form of a GPS dog collar that tracks your dog may be the answer.

New technology in the form of a GPS dog collar

If you own a hunting dog like a beagle or bear hound that ranges miles from you it can be hard to hear the cry of the chase especially on windy days or if the dogs are in heavy cover. In the past the full cry of the chase and barking treed were the only way to keep track of these expensive dogs. Technology in the form of telemetry was developed for wildlife biologist to help them track wild animals they were managing and studying. These small radios were placed on the animal with straps and ties that disintegrated and fell off over time.

A directional radio receiver was used to pinpoint the location of the radio and the animal that was carrying it. Bear, coon, lion and rabbit hunters who loved the chase soon began to see the value of this technology allowing them to keep track of there expensive hunting dogs. The problem with this system was that this system did not tell you how far the animal was from you and in order to locate an exact fix more than one directional receiver was required. Never the less it was a great improvement and one that is still used today in many parts of the world.

Pinpoint the location the animal

GPS technology has been around now for more than 15 years. Within the last 5 years the ability to track vehicles and people has become available to the general public. Small GPS tracking devices can be placed on just about anything including dogs. These units use cell phone technology to report the location, speed and direction of the GPS tracker.

These small devices allow just about anyone to make a GPS dog Collar. GPS tracking service companies will then provide you with a real time map for the trackers location on your lap top computer or cell phone. The problem is that you do not want to be carrying a laptop with you while you walking or hunting your dog. An additional more serious problem with this system is that you cannot always run your dog in an area with good cell phone coverage. Without good coverage you cannot have real time mapping of your dog's location.

GPS tracking service companies

Recently Garmin developed new technology that allows you to easily use a GPS dog collar to track your dog. The new system is called the Garmin Astro 220 GPS dog tracking system. This system is built around its hand held model 60CSX GPS receiver. The Astro 220 has all the capability of the 60CSX and in addition has a radio receiver. The DF-20 tracking systems GPS dog collar has a transmitter that sends location, speed and direction back to the handheld receiver. The unit then displays the information on a screen that can be layered with various maps including topo and street maps.

https://petsaw.com/best-gps-dog-collars/

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avenuenahas · 3 years ago

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Intel widi windows 10 app

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP INSTALL#

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP UPDATE#

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP DRIVER#

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP PRO#

This will help if you installed an incorrect or mismatched driver. Try to set a system restore point before installing a device driver.

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP DRIVER#

It is highly recommended to always use the most recent driver version available. Moreover, if you want to stay up to date with the latest updates, check back with our website as often as possible.

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP INSTALL#

Therefore, if you consider installing this version, click on the download button, install the package, and fully enjoy the benefits of wireless display technology. Don’t forget to reboot your system to make sure that the newly made changes take effect. When it comes to applying this release, all you need to do is get the downloadable package, extract it if necessary, run the setup, and follow the on-screen instructions for a complete and successful installation. Updating the WiDi’s version can fix a wide range of problems that might occur, include compatibility for various TVs, improve existing features such as video and sound quality, or add support for new ones. About WiDi (Wireless Display):Īpplying the Wireless Display (WiDi) driver on your computer enables the WiDi component that will allow the system to send multimedia files (such as music, movies and photos), as well as various applications, to a compatible TV. Follow the installer prompts to complete the installation. Select 'Install' to start installing the Intel WiDi software. Read License Agreement and select "I accept the terms in the license agreement" and click 'Next' to continue. Navigate to the location of the setup.exe file and double click on the setup.exe file, to initiate the software install. Copy the Intel WiDi “Setup.exe” to an accessible drive. Intel WiDi-compatible version of Intel PROSet/Wireless Software & Driver Intel WiDi-compatible version of the Intel HD Graphics Driver. Intel WiDi requires the following software components to be installed and configured on one of the supported operating systems listed above: Note: Pentium/Celeron processors are supported on Windows 8.1 and Windows 10. All Intel Pentium/Celeron (Braswell) based processors with Intel HD Graphics (Windows 10/8.1 only) All Intel Atom (Cherry Trail) based processors with Intel HD Graphics (Windows 10/8.1 only) All Intel Core 4th Generation & Select Pentium/Celeron processors with Intel HD Graphics All Intel Core M and 5th Generation Core & Pentium/Celeron processors with Intel HD Graphics All Intel Core M and 6th Generation Core & Pentium/Celeron processors with Intel HD Graphics

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP PRO#

Intel Pro WiDi Expansion: New branding defaults to Intel Pro WiDi with managed meeting capability when connected to an Intel Pro WiDi receiver.

#INTEL WIDI WINDOWS 10 APP UPDATE#

Consumer firmware update for Actiontec WiDi consumer receivers Intel Product Improvement Program (Telemetry) Support for Microsoft HW Mouse Cursor (Optional Receiver Feature) DCM (Different Channel Mode) with Intel Wireless Support for Business (VGA), optional receiver feature Multi-channel sound output: 6-channel 16-bit/48 kHz LPCM (requires playback application support) HDCP 2.2 Output Protection to support for DVD, Blu-ray and online content 802.11n/ac Wireless PAN support: 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands Up to 4k resolution with hardware based H.264 encoding Unified 32/64-bit Software Installer, using single file New Touch First User Interface with integrated Remote capability Features Supported in this Version of Intel WiDi 6.0:

#Intel widi windows 10 app

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wheelsvewor · 3 years ago

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Impulse rc driver fixer mac

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac install

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac update

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac software

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac download

Press Download SD contents will take you to a website, where you can download the SD card content you need to copy to the SD card inside your radio. If not, Press Download Firmware to download it. In the Downloads pop up window, press “ Check for updates” and you should be prompted to save the firmware file (with. Press OK to close the “ Edit Settings” Window, and press the Download icon from the toolbar: However, I recommend flashing only stable releases, if you decide to flash unstable releases, do so at your own risk. The only setting you should know about is “ Release Channel“. If you wish to flash a release candidate (RC) or unstable nightly build, you enable it there. In Application Settings tab, you don’t really have to change anything normally. The required image format and size for the QX7 is monochrome BMP 128×64 pixels. This is the logo that appears at power up, and it can only be uploaded when you flash OpenTX firmware. See this post if you don’t understand what channel map is.įor Taranis users, you can also upload your custom splash screen image on this screen. Stick Mode and Default Channel Order: I recommend using Mode 2 and AETR because this is the default in Betaflight. This allows OpenTX companion to populate the model image selector with the images that are on the card, and do the same for audio files. SD Structure Path: You have backed up your SD card in the radio already right? Then just select the copy of your SD card here.

internalmulti – select this if you have internal mutiprotocol module (for Jumper T12 / T16 / T18 and Radiomaster TX16S).

flexr9m – if you use Frsky R9M module with Flex firmware, you have to select this option.

sqt5font – slightly better font on Taranis X9D screen (looks good on telemetry screen).

For International version, just leave it unchecked

If you want to use the EU version of OpenTX, select eu.

noheli – to exclude helicopter config as I only fly quadcopters and wings.

lua / luac– to be able to use LUA scripts (must have).

Select your radio from the “Radio Type” drop-down list. In the Edit Settings / Radio Profile tab you need to choose the radio type you are about to flash from the list. We have to “compile” the firmware first by selecting the features we want to have, then we can save the firmware file and write it to the radio.Ĭlick on the SETTINGS button on the top row (the gear icon). To backup EEPROM, you can also go to Radio Settings, scroll to Hardware (V2.3) or Version (V2.2 or older), long press the Enter button, it will create a backup file of EEPROM in the EEPROM folder on your SD Card. When connecting the radio to computer in Bootloader mode, it will mount a new external drive and there are two files inside the drive: FIRMWARE.bin and EEPROM.bin, these are the two files we want to make a backup of. Not officially recommended, but you could also try this if you have trouble using Companion. Alternative Way of Backing Up EEPROM and Firmware It will create a “.bin” file that you can save somewhere on your computer.įinally, to back up the existing firmware, find the icon that says “ Read Firmware from Radio” in the same sidebar, and save the “.bin” file. To make a backup of EEPROM, find the icon on the left sidebar that says “ Backup Radio to file“. You can then save it as a “.otx” file on your computer. To backup Models, find the icon on the left hand sidebar, that says “ Read Models and Settings from the radio“. It will display your models in a new window. Start OpenTX Companion you just installed on your computer. The screen will inform you about the USB connection. Once the radio is in bootloader mode, you can plug in a USB cable to the radio and connect it to your computer. This is how bootloader mode screen looks like: To do that, first put your radio in Bootloader Mode.įor Jumper T16, T18 and Radiomaster TX16S, you need to press both horizontal trim buttons inwards while powering on the TX:įor the Frsky X-Lite, you need to hold down the trim button at the center (make sure all 4 trim buttons are pressed), then power on the TX. With that said, you should still make backup of the models, existing firmware and SD card content before flashing OpenTX, just in case something goes wrong. You shouldn’t need to to re-bind receivers, everything should work as they were before.

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac install

Scroll down to the Download Links section to download and install “OpenTX Companion” to your operating system (Windows, Mac or Linux).Īfter flashing OpenTX firmware, your model profiles should still be there, that includes their settings.

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac update

I am not sure what the best practice is, but I always download and install the latest version whenever I want to update OpenTX on my radios just in case.įind the version you want (preferably the latest one).

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac software

OpenTX Companion is the software we will be using to flash OpenTX to our radio, and to manage settings and models.

#Impulse rc driver fixer mac

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