#4 cylinder engines disadvantages

[hirocimacruiser]

Thorough comparison of JGTC vehicles

M・S war in the GT300 class

Mitsubishi and Subaru continue to engage in a fierce battle in the WRC, but there is a feeling that a new battle will take place at the JGTC, which has moved to the circuit. Cusco Racing entered the GT300 class a little earlier than last year with the Impreza, which has poured its know-how into building dirt trial class vehicles. On the other hand, Mitsubishi has started entering entries this season with FTOs made by Ralliart, with engines by HKS and chassis by Nova. Let's do a thorough comparison.

Photography: Shinji Takizawa/Takahito Naito/Satoshi Kamimura Interview cooperation: Cusco/Nova Engineering Photography cooperation: Fuji Speedway

The Mitsubishi/Subaru war breaks out even at JGTC, which is currently the most popular!

The most interesting race in Japan today is the GT Championship. In this year's GT

championship Mitsubishi and Subaru face off.

Noda. Subaru started accepting entries last year with the Cusco Subaru Impreza.

The vehicle uses a 2-door coupe body. Since Cusco (Carrosse) specializes in producing dirt track D vehicles (unlimited modification class), they utilize their D vehicle know-how and develop their own machines, although the engines are supplied by STI. Mitsubishi, on the other hand, is the Taeivon FTO, which has started entry from this year. Basic design by Mitsubishi modified by Ralliart. HKS, which has been working on Mitsubishi's motorsports engines for a ling time was in charge of the engine, and Nova Engineering, which has worked on race cars in all categories including top formulas, was in charge of the chassis. As you can see from this, the Cusco Impreza is a pure privateer, but the Taeivon FTO is a private car with factory support.

-The dark brown color is very strong.

Now, when I compare the construction of these two machines, I notice something interesting. Both have a normal FF or 4WD drive layout from factory. However, the drive layout chosen for each GT model is FF for the FTO and FR for the Impreza. If both had around 300 PS of horsepower, they would have chosen the lightweight and simple option over 4WD traction. However, since the FTO is a horizontally mounted engine, unless you choose 4WD, the only option is FF. How much is 300PS?

However, FF, where steering and drive transmission are handled by two wheels, and rear drive, where each wheel is separate, are at a considerable disadvantage in terms of tire wear.

However, knowing this, FTO chose FF. On the other hand, Subaru's horizontally opposed 4-cylinder FR engine is longitudinally installed, so it easily becomes an FR engine that is not found in production cars. Furthermore, the engine is compact and has a low center of gravity, so the layout clearly gives the Impreza an advantage in terms of balance.

As for the engine, both are 2L turbos.

FTO is handled by HKS, but basically WRC for group A. Since the Impreza is also supplied by STI, its performance is probably quite similar. By the way, the nominal values ​​from each team are 300 PS/40 kg-m for FTO and 320 PS or more/35 kg-m for Impreza.

However, when it comes to the chassis, both cars have been created using different approaches. As I wrote earlier, the Cusco Impreza was built using the know-how of dirt trial D-class vehicles. There are no restrictions on modification of D vehicles. At Cusco, we are using this unlimited know-how to run on dirt to create vehicles that fit within the framework of the GT Championship. The chassis is mainly reinforced with pipes. Rather than a monocoque frame, it is more appropriate to call it a pipe frame covered with a steel shell. The structure is such that all suspension input is received by the pipe. That's why there are pipes running along the floor.

On the other hand, the Taeivon FTO is naturally reinforced with pipes, but it is also connected to the normal monocoque with steel plates, making it a semi-monocoque, and adding carbon to increase body rigidity. This area is circuit racing, and it is unique to Nova, which handles formula racing.

Suspension is according to regulations

Although no changes are allowed, other modifications may be made.

You can call it freedom, and both cars have completely different suspension systems from the commercially available cars. In order to accommodate the huge 18-inch tires and to keep the vehicle height as low as possible, the wheel house was changed to something completely different, and the engine was mounted as low as possible at the rear. Naturally, the members are also original and produced. Therefore, the mounting position, or geometry, of the suspension arm can be changed freely, and It has been moved to a position suitable for running on the circuit, and of course the arms and uprights have also been made specifically for it.

Now, which of these two cars is faster? Looking at the first round of this season, Suzuka, the FTO showed a fast run that would be hard to believe in its debut race, and managed to finish in 3rd place (Round 2 at Fuji canceled). Objectively, FTO, which is participating in the race for the first time this season and can be called a works model, has an advantage.

Perhaps, but with Impreza's good balance and Cusco's vehicle manufacturing know-how, we can expect a heated battle in Future GT.

I can't take my eyes off the championship.

_____________________________________________

CUSCO SUBARU IMPREZA

ENGINE & DRIVE-TRAIN

①The huge aluminum core is arranged in two stages, with the intercooler on the top and the radiator on the bottom. The thickness of the radiator in particular is surprising when compared to the stock one. (2) The right-hand light serves as an air intake, and the air is guided through a duct to the turbine set in front of the engine. (3,4) If you look closely at the piping, you can see the aluminum pipe extending from the radiator to the bulkhead. This is led through the interior to the water-cooled transmission and differential oil cooler. Incidentally, the engine control unit is installed indoors together with the data logger. (5) the transmission is Hewland's sequential gearbox. Even though it doesn't have a bellhousing, it's very compact.

⑥ When you remove the rear suspension arm and brake, you'll see a reinforcement made of a lot of aluminum, and behind that you can see the differential.

AERO PARTS

① The front spoiler is the type that has recently become mainstream, with large side gills that generate downforce. The air intake has slits that distribute air to the radiator and intercooler, which have two upper and lower stages. ②The front hood is dominated by a huge air outlet. ③Equipped with a huge slitted wing on the rear that combines two wings. ④The rear bumper appears to be of normal shape, but you can see the aluminum vertical plate of the diffuser underneath.

SUSPENSION & BRAKE

①The front wheel house has a huge Brembo caliper and rotor that makes the suspension almost invisible. The arms are of course remade with pipes, and the links are rose joints. ② The rear is the same, but the shock and the parts that connect the shock and upright are compared to those on the market.

It looks like it's strangely sturdy. ③④ The front stabilizer is installed above and behind the engine (perhaps this is a measure to mount the engine low?), so the input from the suspension is via a long rod.

COCKPIT

① Increase body strength by creating a semi-pipe frame with a roll cage. Therefore, bars are not only strung above and along the sides, but are also set along the floor and welded at strategic points. ② The transmission is sequential and has a special lever (maybe the linkage has been removed due to maintenance?). ③Switches and indicators are arranged on the center console that protrudes according to the seat position. ④The seat is moved back considerably and fixed in a very low position. The instrument panel itself remains normal. ⑤ The meter is equipped with a digital type on the steering wheel column. The steering wheel and pedals are also selected to match the seat.

_____________________________________________

The Mitsubishi/Subaru war breaks out even at JGTC, which is currently the most popular!

The most interesting race in Japan today is the GT Championship. In this year's GT championship Mitsubishi and Subaru face off.

Noda. Subaru started accepting entries last year with the Cusco Subaru Impreza.

The vehicle uses a 2-door coupe body. Since Cusco (Carrosse) specializes in producing dirt track D vehicles (unlimited modification class), they utilize their D vehicle know-how and develop their own machines, although the engines are supplied by STI. Mitsubishi, on the other hand, is the Taeivon FTO, which has started entry from this year. Basic design by Mitsubishi modified by Ralliart. HKS, which has been working on Mitsubishi's motorsports engines for a ling time was in charge of the engine, and Nova Engineering, which has worked on race cars in all categories including top formulas, was in charge of the chassis. As you can see from this, the Cusco Impreza is a pure privateer, but the Taeivon FTO is a private car with factory support.

-The dark brown color is very strong.

Now, when I compare the construction of these two machines, I notice something interesting. Both have a normal FF or 4WD drive layout from factory. However, the drive layout chosen for each GT model is FF for the FTO and FR for the Impreza. If both had around 300 PS of horsepower, they would have chosen the lightweight and simple option over 4WD traction. However, since the FTO is a horizontally mounted engine, unless you choose 4WD, the only option is FF. How much is 300PS?

However, FF, where steering and drive transmission are handled by two wheels, and rear drive, where each wheel is separate, are at a considerable disadvantage in terms of tire wear.

However, knowing this, FTO chose FF. On the other hand, Subaru's horizontally opposed 4-cylinder FR engine is longitudinally installed, so it easily becomes an FR engine that is not found in production cars. Furthermore, the engine is compact and has a low center of gravity, so the layout clearly gives the Impreza an advantage in terms of balance.

As for the engine, both are 2L turbos.

FTO is handled by HKS, but basically WRC for group A. Since the Impreza is also supplied by STI, its performance is probably quite similar. By the way, the nominal values ​​from each team are 300 PS/40 kg-m for FTO and 320 PS or more/35 kg-m for Impreza.

However, when it comes to the chassis, both cars have been created using different approaches. As I wrote earlier, the Cusco Impreza was built using the know-how of dirt trial D-class vehicles. There are no restrictions on modification of D vehicles. At Cusco, we are using this unlimited know-how to run on dirt to create vehicles that fit within the framework of the GT Championship. The chassis is mainly reinforced with pipes. Rather than a monocoque frame, it is more appropriate to call it a pipe frame covered with a steel shell. The structure is such that all suspension input is received by the pipe. That's why there are pipes running along the floor.

On the other hand, the Taeivon FTO is naturally reinforced with pipes, but it is also connected to the normal monocoque with steel plates, making it a semi-monocoque, and adding carbon to increase body rigidity. This area is circuit racing, and it is unique to Nova, which handles formula racing.

Suspension is according to regulations

Although no changes are allowed, other modifications may be made.

You can call it freedom, and both cars have completely different suspension systems from the commercially available cars. In order to accommodate the huge 18-inch tires and to keep the vehicle height as low as possible, the wheel house was changed to something completely different, and the engine was mounted as low as possible at the rear. Naturally, the members are also original and produced. Therefore, the mounting position, or geometry, of the suspension arm can be changed freely, and It has been moved to a position suitable for running on the circuit, and of course the arms and uprights have also been made specifically for it.

Now, which of these two cars is faster? Looking at the first round of this season, Suzuka, the FTO showed a fast run that would be hard to believe in its debut race, and managed to finish in 3rd place (Round 2 at Fuji canceled). Objectively, FTO, which is participating in the race for the first time this season and can be called a works model, has an advantage.

Perhaps, but with Impreza's good balance and Cusco's vehicle manufacturing know-how, we can expect a heated battle in Future GT.

I can't take my eyes off the championship

_____________________________________________

TAEIVON TRAMPIO FTO

FISCO race information

I photographed these two cars on the practice day for the second round of the GT Championship, which was held at FISCO on May 3rd. By the way, the next big race to be held at FISCO is the third round of Formula Nippon on May 31st. This year's F Pon competition is fierce. Let's go to FISCO to watch the heated battle. Inquiries: Fuji Speedway ☎03-3409-2365

AERO PARTS

① The outer shell of the Taeivon FTO was designed by the designer of the commercial FTO car. The original FTO design was utilized, such as using the hole for the turn signal as an air intake for the brake, and the design was made more functional. ②The front hood outlet is also well designed. The opening is small, but it seems to come through easily. ③Although the rear wing is large, it looks like it could be attached to a production car as is. It will also be equipped with the Delta Wicker found on the Lan Evo. ④⑤ The underside of the body is covered with an all-carbon undercover, and the rear under spoiler finally functions as a diffuser to increase down force.

SUSPENSION & BRAKE

①②③The front and rear brakes are Brembo, which is standard for GT cars. Although it is a FF, the rear brake capacity is also quite large. The suspension is formally the same as normal, but the mounting position, arm shape, and upright are completely race-specific.The shock with reservoir tank is a double spring specification with a helper spring. (4,5) Inner Fender has been completely rebuilt to accommodate the huge tires. Also, the reinforcement near the strut upper, which is the apex, is like a semi-monocoque made of iron plates, and it seems to be extremely rigid.

ENGINE

(1) There have been some modifications such as cutting the flange, but a normal EX manifold with a heat shield is included. The turbine is also basically normal. This is because the engine itself has a displacement of 2026 cc, which is essentially a WRC Group A car engine. A wire mesh is placed over the right headlight, which serves as an intake to the turbine. Since the nose is low, the intake cooler and oil cooler are mounted horizontally. The engine control is surprisingly Motech. The unit is fixed near the footwell on the passenger side (right side). You can see the machined aluminum stay behind the piping to mount the engine, and the finish is very beautiful.

COCKPIT

① Although the roll cage has a large number of bars, different pipe diameters are used to prevent unnecessary weight increase. (2) However, for the part that needs to be strong, from the roof to the A-pillar, the roll cage and body are connected with a steel plate and made into a box shape to increase strength. ③ Since the vehicle height is low and there is an undercover, the thick exhaust pipe for the turbo has nowhere to go and is pushed up towards the floor. Nearby again! Car is equipped with ballast that takes into account weight balance. ④ Switches that match the receding seats are housed in the carbon center console, which also includes switches for the electric mirrors and power windows. (5) The carbon door has a normal lining...

[carlistmalaysia]

The latest Toyota Yaris 1.5 G AT price in the Malaysian market starts at RM 91,600. The Yaris 1.5 G AT is a versatile and efficient model with a monthly instalment of RM 952 for 84 months and a down payment of RM 18,300. This vehicle is equipped with a 1.5L petrol engine, an in-line 4 cylinder with a 16 valve DOHC configuration, delivering a power output of 106 hp at 6000 RPM and a torque of 140 Nm at 4200 RPM. The engine displacement is 1496 cc, making it a robust choice for various driving needs. It features power steering with a tilt steering column and a rack and pinion steering gear type, along with an adjustable steering column and electric power steering type. The chassis control systems include ventilated discs for the front brake and discs for the rear brake, complemented by a MacPherson strut front suspension and a torsion beam rear suspension. The gearbox is a CVT type with variable speed. The Yaris 1.5 G AT rides on 16-inch alloy wheels with 195/50 R16 radial tyres and has a spare tyre of the same size and material. The car's dimensions include a length of 4140 mm, a width of 1730 mm, a height of 1475 mm, a wheelbase of 2550 mm, a front tread of 1460 mm, and a rear tread of 1445 mm, with a kerb weight of 1140 kg. It features a seating capacity of 5 seats, a turning radius of 5.1 meters, and a fuel tank capacity of 42 liters. This model offers a range of standard features making it an attractive option for those seeking reliability and performance in a compact car. Your question is: Toyota Yaris 1.5 G AT? Which question will you have about this car? Let’s justify these. There, we are including the major questions and answers about this car. So, let’s start now. What is the monthly instalment for the Yaris 1.5 G AT? The monthly instalment for the Yaris 1.5 G AT is RM 952 over a period of 84 months. How much is the down payment for the Yaris 1.5 G AT? The down payment required for the Yaris 1.5 G AT is RM 18,300. What is the price of Toyota Yaris 1.5 G AT? The latest Toyota Yaris 1.5 G AT price in the Malaysian market starts at RM 91,600. What are the engine specifications of the Yaris 1.5 G AT? The Yaris 1.5 G AT features a 1.5L petrol engine with an in-line 4 cylinder and 16 valve DOHC configuration, delivering 106 hp at 6000 RPM and 140 Nm torque at 4200 RPM. What type of transmission does the Yaris 1.5 G AT have? The Yaris 1.5 G AT is equipped with a CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) gearbox. What is the fuel tank capacity of the Yaris 1.5 G AT? The Yaris 1.5 G AT has a fuel tank capacity of 42 liters. How many seats does the Yaris 1.5 G AT have? The Yaris 1.5 G AT can comfortably seat up to 5 passengers. What are the braking and suspension systems in the Yaris 1.5 G AT? The Yaris 1.5 G AT features ventilated discs for front brakes, discs for rear brakes, a MacPherson strut front suspension, and a torsion beam rear suspension. Advantages and Disadvantages AdvantagesDisadvantagesFuel-efficient 1.5L petrol engineRelatively high down paymentComfortable seating for 5 passengersLimited fuel tank capacity (42 liters)Modern CVT gearbox for smooth drivingModerate power output (106 hp)Compact size suitable for urban drivingBasic wheel size and tyre optionsAdvanced braking and suspension systemsNo wheel covers includedElectric power steering for ease of handlingTurning radius could be smallerAdjustable steering column for driver comfortKerb weight could be lighter

[youkaidaimaou]

BMW コンセプトモデル「R20 Concept」に想う / Thoughts on BMW "R20 Concept"

BMW の 水平対向2気筒エンジン搭載、Rシリーズのコンセプトモデル ” R20 Concept” が発表されています。  BMW's R series concept model ``R20 Concept'' equipped with a horizontally opposed two-cylinder engine has been announced. 

https://www.bmw-motorrad.jp/ja/experience/news-gallery/r20concept.html

古くは、1920年代に誕生した Rシリーズ。途中、1970年代、欧州で勢いを増す日本車に対抗して、直列3気筒・4気筒エンジン搭載の Kシリーズの登場させた時期には新型車の発表は無くなりましたが、1980年代中盤、その独特なエンジンフィーリングを愛する人々の要望で復活して、1990年代、4バルブ化して、1100㏄ の R1100 から R1150、R1200 と排気量をアップさせながらシリーズを発展させ、急に、このコンセプトモデルでは 2000㏄ を提案しています。

R100シリーズが発売された 1970年代は、1000㏄ の排気量は量産市販車の中で最大排気量で充分な能力を示しましたたが、50年が過ぎ、2000㏄ の提案を行なったという事は、地球環境対策が厳しく、Co2削減、ガソリン車廃止が叫ばれる中、どういう読みがあるのか興味が尽きません。

そして、僕の最大のチェックポイントは 前後タイヤのサイズです。後輪は 200/55-17 インチ で最大級ですが、フロントは 120/70-17 インチで一般の 500㏄ クラスと同じサイズです。この様に、他の大排気量車でもフロントタイヤのサイズが 120サイズ止まりになっている現象は、テレスコピック形式のフロントフォークの持つ欠点だと僕は理解しています。その素直な操縦性が特徴のテレスコピック形式は、同時に、その構造とメカニズムの為に限界に来ている事を示しています。そして、その限界を高める為に BMWが 改良したテレスコピック形式である「テレレバー」をこのモデルには採用していない事も象徴的です。  

  レース界の動向を見ても、当分はテレスコピック形式が主流に進むと思いますが、いつか、フロントにもホイールインモーターを採用した 2駆電動オートバイが登場する頃には、新しいフロントサスペンションも登場すると期待しています。                      ＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊

The biggest point for me to check is the size of the front and rear tires. The rear tire is 200/55-17 inch, which is one of the largest, but the front tire is 120/70-17 inch, which is the same size as the general 500㏄ class tires. I understand that this is a disadvantage of the telescopic front fork, which is the reason why other large-displacement vehicles also have front tires in the 120 size. The telescopic type, which is characterized by its straightforward maneuverability, is at the same time reaching its limits due to its structure and mechanism. It is also symbolic that this model does not use the “telelever”, the telescopic form that BMW has improved in order to increase its limits.

  Looking at the trend in the racing world, I think that the telescopic type will become the mainstream for the time being. However, I expect that someday, when 2-wheel-drive electric motorcycles with wheel-in motors will be available, a new front suspension will be introduced. 

[china-cryogenic-tanks]

CNG cylinder

Type 1 CNG CYLINDERS

Type 1 CNG Cylinders for LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLES, MEDIUM AND HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES Type 1 CNG cylinders are made of steel. Available Capacity (L), 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90. DSW CNG cylinders are manufactured conforming to specific country national standards or International standards like ISO: 11439, ECER 110, GB17258, ISO: 11120 Compressed Natural Gas cylinders (CNG cylinders) are a popular alternative with truck, transit, and refuse fleets.

Category: cng cylinders for vehicleTags: CNG Gas Cylinder, Compressed Gas Cylinder

Description

ISO11439 Type 1 CNG CYLINDERS

Type 1 CNG cylinders are used regularly in science and engineering buildings, machine shops, and retail and campus dining. Researchers, staff, and contractors store and use various compressed gases for different reasons. Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a fuel gas mainly composed of methane (CH4), compressed to less than 1% of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.

CNG TANK SIZES

what is a Type 1 gas cylinder?

Type 1 CNG gas cylinders: Type 1 cylinders feature an all-steel shell construction, featuring no composite materials in their design.

Type 1 CNG Cylinder, which can store natural gas under pressure 20MPa or 25MPa made of 4130X seamless steel tube with ISO9809-1/ISO9809-3/EN/DOT approval. which are explosive pressure vessels containing flammable and explosive gases. The storage pressure for automotive cylinders is 20MPa.

Suitable applications include: Scuba Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) Laboratory Onsite industrial/manufacturing

There are four categories available in CNG gas cylinders. The first category is seamless alloy steel cylinders (CNG-1). CNG-2 is a composite gas cylinder with steel or aluminum lining and a barrel reinforced with long fibers impregnated with “hoop winding” resin. The third category is composite gas cylinders with aluminum liner plus carbon fiber fully wound and glass fiber ring wound reinforcement (CNG-3). The fourth category is the composite gas cylinder with plastic liner plus carbon fiber full winding and glass fiber ring winding reinforcement (CNG-4).

Each of these Compressed Gas cylinders has its advantages and disadvantages, and it depends.

The main cylinders used worldwide are steel cylinders, generally made from high-quality chromium-molybdenum steel, and the ISO 11439 and ECE R110 standards can meet the requirements of most countries.

A complete automotive CNG cylinder has a cap, a valve, and a safety relief device. The cap protects the valve, and the safety relief device on the valve should be of the rupture disc-fusible plug combination type.

[salmarine1]

Benefits and Misfortunes of Rib Boats — Top Variables of Rib Boat for Sale

What is a Rib Boat?

A rib boat is an unbending inflatable boat; these are known to be efficient and quick drifting offices and are generally the most favoured decision of marine experts. It is encircled by inflatable cylinders and is amazingly adaptable for fishing or yacht delicate. These boats come in a few shapes and sizes and are helpful for transportation. You can get the high well-being rib boat available to be purchased as these boats were before planned for rafts.

Five Significant Advantages of Rib Boats

Here is a portion of the advantages recorded underneath -

1. High dependability — The body can change shape when waves strike it. Hence, it will in general limit the padding shock waves and parallel rolling. This is one of the significant advantages of Ribs as policing use them because of their steadiness.

2.Lightweight -The boat has shock-retaining properties and is lightweight, making them profoundly responsive. It will in general, expand their fuel conveying limit. In this manner, it is utilised for business purposes because of its few benefits.

3.More Remarkable — It upholds strong engines to arrive at invigorating velocity. Thus, you can find inflatable ribs available to be purchased and utilised for salvage missions in serious sea conditions.

4.Multifunctionality -These boats are utilised in various marine areas, whether for fishing and plunging, military purposes, salvage activities, etc. Because of its security highlight, it has likewise become a helpful choice for beginner boaters.

5.Comfortable — These boats are minimal, which likewise makes transportation simple. Boaters partake in the static and simple ride because of its superb shock assimilation. There are a few ribs available to be purchased UK to encounter pleasant boat rides.

Misfortunes of Rib Boats

Before putting resources into rib boats, checking the disadvantages is additionally fitting. Some of them are:

These boats have the least capacity limit contrasted with different boats, which is a significant drawback.

Collecting the boat can be a drawn-out task for the boats, which can be time-consuming.

It ought to be kept up with success as the cylinders ought to be cleaned, and, surprisingly, the boaters should examine texture welds routinely for sturdiness.

The plastic buttons could get scratched if they hit the hard rock.

These are a portion of the significant advantages and misfortunes of rib boats. Comprehend them cautiously and afterwards conclude regardless of whether you need to buy RIB boats.

Putting resources into a rib boat can be proficient and savvy. These boats can give you a quick-moving and exciting ride that different marine experts can utilise. Get the best inflatable boats for sale online at Salmarine in the UK at best prices.

[trusttw]

C230 kompressor 2004 specs

#C230 kompressor 2004 specs manual

That makes the C230, like all two-doors, a poor choice if you regularly carry more than one passenger. Even though an electric motor pulls the front seats forward and out of the way at your command, you still have to fold yourself up to get in the back. Our biggest complaint about the interior is the drawback that it shares with all two-door vehicles: It's a pain in the tuchus to get into and out of the back seat. The only cure, aside from calling JC Whitney for a $39.95 set of simulated tiger fur seat covers, is to pony up another 1,300 bucks for leather seats. It looks tacky in a Subaru, even more so in a Mercedes, in our humble opinion. It reminded us of the wild, color-flecked fabric Subaru is fond of using, which should not be taken as a compliment. While the seats are firm, comfortable, and niceIy adjustable, the upholstery left something to be desired. It makes for a very airy and open feeling car, despite its size. But that doesn't mean you'll have to slather your bald spot with SPF-60 on sunny days - a single push of a button extends shades across both panels. Overhead, the roof is essentially two huge glass panels. There's a big window in the rear hatch with yet another smaller window below the spoiler and between the taillights, to provide greater visibility out the back. One of the best things about the C230 is the way the passengers are surrounded by glass. We noticed that the C230 slipped a bit on wet roads, which doesn't give us much confidence that it would keep you moving in the snow, even with its traction control.Īside from being small and light enough to be fun to drive, the C230 also felt solid and substantial. One note of caution: The C230 is rear-wheel drive, which means it's at a disadvantage in slippery weather. It scooted around corners with very little lean, and it felt solid and controllable at all times. It's a well-balanced rear-wheel drive car on a very solid suspension system. The six-speed transmission is well suited to the car, too, with the top gear cutting the engine speed at 70 mph from 3,000 rpm to around 2,600 rpm - for a noticeable improvement in noise, engine wear and gas mileage. The supercharged engine is an ideal match for this 3,300-pound car, providing plenty of pep without being overpowering. Solid is a word that always comes to mind when driving a Mercedes.

#C230 kompressor 2004 specs manual

You do get a choice of transmissions: a 6-speed manual or a 5-speed automatic. The C230 comes in only one body style and with just one engine choice: a 192 horsepower, 2.3-liter, 4-cylinder engine with a belt-driven supercharger (that's the Kompressor part). Mercedes also hopes these happy, young C230 owners will hop their way up the Mercedes line, from the C Class to the E Class, finally graduating to an S600 before bequeathing their worldly belongings to their future Mercedes-owning offspring. No doubt the company hopes that its new, spunky hatchback will attract younger buyers who thought they couldn't afford a Mercedes, or buyers who want the nicest damn small car they can own. The C230 is something of a departure for Mercedes, which has a reputation for making solid, conservative expensive sedans. It's well designed, beautifully made, fun to drive and nicely equipped at a target price of $24,950. The C230 Coupe is a new model for Mercedes. But this car is clearly the new king of that hill. It used to be that a fully loaded VW Golf was as upscale as you could go with a practical and sporty two-door hatchback. It's also the nicest two-door hatchback on the market. The C230 Kompressor Sport Coupe is the smallest and least expensive Mercedes you can buy. "It's hard to think of another hatchback coupe that offers the combination of solid feel, safety, sporty performance, airy feel and distinctive looks."

[loveyourbodyxo]

This is a twofold electric pump that accompanies battery-powered batteries that will permit you to advantageously utilize the pump anyplace for up to 3 15-minute sessions in a single whole day. It has adjustable settings, for example, cycle length and vacuum quality. It likewise includes the setback and articulation modes which empower the machine to impersonate a child's suckling design extremely, intently.

This breast pump uses a shut framework. This implies there is a physical hindrance in the spine that keeps the milk from coincidentally getting into the cylinder going into the engine which could later go to form. This implies not exclusively does your child's milk stay microbes free, you don't need to disassemble the pump and clean the tubing inevitably. Notwithstanding, new parts are difficult to find and the shield sizes are constrained. Likewise, the spines don't screw onto all container sizes. In the event that you needn't bother with the battery alternative, Spectra offers similar highlights without the battery at a lower cost – the Spectra Baby USA S2.

Spectra Baby USA S1

Aces:

Battery-powered batteries

Adaptable settings

Shut framework

Cons:

Constrained shield sizes

Ribs don't screw onto all container sizes

Elusive new parts

View Price and Deals

2. Medela Pump in Style Advanced Breast Pump with On-the-Go Tote

Best Breast Pump for Working Moms

This is the across the board electric twofold breast pump. You get the pump, the conveying case, a removable cooler sack, and a shaped ice pack. All that you have to pump away from home. The sack can convey up to 4 breastmilk bottles which are remembered for your buy as well. These containers accompany tops, incidentally, so spilling valuable milk won't be an issue.

You likewise get a battery pack yet the 8 AA batteries should be purchased independently. Like our first pick, this unit utilizes two-stage articulation innovation which is the let-down mode and the articulation modes. The speed and vacuum quality are likewise customizable. Be that as it may, there are a few disadvantages. The engine isn't that tranquil. What's more, it is incorporated with the sack so it's not removable. Since the Medela utilizes an open framework, a great deal of objections are about buildup that fabricates is in the tubing which makes cleaning a torment to do. On the off chance that you don't care for the tote, you can get a similar model in a sleek knapsack – Medela Pump In Style Advanced Breast Pump Backpack.

[aircraftgauge]

The CHT Bayonet Probe – Features & Specifications

A CHT Bayonet probe is a threaded probe typically used on Lycoming engines in aircraft. These spring-loaded bayonet mounted CHT Probes are usually ‘K’-type probes and they generally include an adopter.

The CHT Bayonet probe are turned clock-wise and locked into the screw-in adapter and screwed into the cylinder head thermo well. Being spring-loaded, the probe has good contact with the metal of the cylinder. The k-probe is used when the aircraft engine has a bayonet adapter in the cylinders. It can also be used if the cylinder is equipped with threaded thermowell receptor.

CHT Bayonet probes are generally K-type because they have a wider temperature sensitivity. This is typically in the range of -200°C to +1250°C (-330°F to +2460°F). The sensitivity is approximately 41 µV/°C. Most TIT and EGT probes used in aircraft are of the K-type and the sensor is an amalgam of Alumel and Chromel – two metals that react differently but very precisely.

Typically, CHT Bayonet probes come in two flavours; non-grounded and grounded. The non-grounded probes have the thermocouple junction isolated from the probe shaft. This is done to ensure that there is no continuity between the thermocouple.

The grounded probes are just the opposite in that they have the thermocouple junction welded directly to the probe shaft. This results in a probe that has longer life, lower cost and faster response time. However, these grounded probes suffer from one disadvantage - they are susceptible to electrical noise which, unless rectified via special circuit in the gauge, could result in temperature readings that are slightly off the mark.

The CHT Bayonet probe is easily installed:

1. You begin by screwing in the threaded CHT probes into the cylinders.

2. For 4-cylinder Aircraft Engine monitor, thermocouple channels TC5 through TC8 are used. For 6-cylinder aircraft engines, thermocouple channels TC7 through TC12 are used.

3. In K-type thermocouples, yellow is positive and red is negative.

If you find that the wiring does not reach the cylinders, you can obtain CHT extension kits with k-type thermocouple wire, splice barrels, and a length of inner heat shrink tubing. Using heat shrink tubing eliminates all air inside the splice and makes an airtight seal. We recommend Raychem SCL-3/16 heat shrink tubing.

Extending the wires of CHT Bayonet probe in aircraft:

1. Using a wire stripper, strip the CHTs and make small loops with the ends; do the same for the k-type extension wire (if used).

2. Prepare the splice barrels.

3. Use the splice barrel and short length of shrink wrap on the wires.

4. Lay the CHT and k-type extension loops over each other.

5. Slide the splice barrel over the parallel loops.

6. Crimp the splice barrel with a crimping tool.

7. Slide the heat shrink over the splice and apply heat to the extent required so the heat shrink tube properly grips the joint.

8. You now have an airtight, solder-free and airless parallel thermocouple splice.

Visit here for more information:- https://www.jpinstruments.com/shop/cht-bayonet-probe/

[hirocimacruiser]

Engine specs for the 1st Gen Mitsubishi Pajero Mini.

Pajero Mini Detailed explanation

ENGINE 20VDOHC TURBO & SOHC 16VALVES

Two types of optimal tunes to suit your RV concept

Two types of 4-cylinder engines are available as the featured power units.

The VR series is equipped with a DOHC intercooler turbo that will satisfy sports enthusiasts and cross country users. The specs are top-class, with a maximum output of 64ps/7000rpm and a maximum torque of 9.9kg-m/3000rpm!

DOHC has 5 valves per cylinder.

Uno is common. However, this unit uses 3 intake/exhaust valves and an additional 5 valves, making it 4 cylinders with a total of 20 valves, and has a mechanism that rivals even racing engines. It goes without saying that the compact combustion chamber and excellent intake and exhaust efficiency improve power performance and fuel efficiency. On the other hand, having multiple valves has the disadvantage of increasing power friction, but we have taken measures to counter this by adopting an end-pivot type roller rocker arm to drive the valves and reducing the weight of the valves themselves. .

The turbocharger is the world's smallest twin-scroll type. Converting a light engine to a four-cylinder engine is useful for making it quieter and reducing vibration, but exhaust interference becomes a problem when matching it with a turbocharger. To prevent this, the exhaust gas is divided into two parts from the exhaust manifold and drawn directly into the turbo's scroll chamber. Low-speed boost pressure is significantly improved compared to single exhaust.

Of course, when installed in the Pajero Mini, special and detailed tuning has been performed. Intake and exhaust timing has been optimized to improve torque characteristics in the low rotation range despite the increased body weight.

In addition, to enhance the driving sensation without discomfort, To achieve this, a slow limited idle speed control and a non-linear throttle lever have been adopted. In situations where running resistance is extremely high, such as on sandy terrain, the power may suddenly be applied when starting, etc.

The initial response of the accelerator is made slightly duller to prevent sudden increases.

The other unit is a single overhead-cam, 16-valve naturally aspirated (NA) engine. 52ps/7000rpm、6.0kg-m/5000

The rpm performance and the mileage characteristics unique to NA are perfect for utility vehicles mainly used around town and for female users.

Not to be overlooked are the adoption of a large 4-liter chamber type in the intake duct and improvements to the inlet manifold that increase intake and exhaust efficiency at low and high speeds. The shape of the oil pan takes into account driving on slopes, and the positioning of the air cleaner relative to submerged waterways is a common feature of both units.

Transmission options include 5-speed and 3-speed AT. Improved mission based on minicab

It has a new case and is highly reliable. The first thing to pay attention to when using MT is the straw.

Short and reliable shift feel. This is a major advantage of a longitudinally mounted engine, but the careful design of the shift system, along with the direct shift control without wires, cannot be overlooked. Additionally, the VR turbo's system uses large-capacity double cone synchronizers in 1st and 2nd gears. Friction dampers are also used in 2nd and 3rd gear and reverse, making shift operations and quietness reliable and comfortable. Another characteristic unique to turbos is that they have a particularly low gearing compared to NA.

AT is an electronically controlled type that promises comfortable and reliable automatic gear shifting. A cable-type control system is used to prevent lever vibration and gear slippage when driving on rough roads.

[carlistmalaysia]

The latest Toyota Hilux Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4 price in the Malaysian market starts at RM 117,880. The Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4 is available with a monthly instalment of RM 1,224 x 84 and a down payment of RM 23,600. It features a cargo volume of 80 L, a rear tread of 1550 mm, a gross weight of 2910 kg, a kerb weight of 2065 kg, a width of 1855 mm, a wheelbase of 3085 mm, a length of 5325 mm, a height of 1815 mm, a turning radius of 6.4 m, a ground clearance of 286 mm, and a seating capacity of 5. The powertrain includes a 2.4L Diesel Engine, In-line 4 Cylinder 16 Valve DOHC, delivering 148 hp at 3400 RPM and 400 Nm of torque at 1600-2000 RPM. It has a manual 6-speed gearbox with a 4x4 drive type. The steering features include power steering with a tilt & telescopic steering column and a rack & pinion gear type. The chassis control systems consist of ventilated discs for front brakes, drums for rear brakes, a double wishbone front suspension, and a leaf spring rear suspension. The vehicle has 17-inch alloy wheels with 265/65 R17 radial tyres and a steel spare tyre of the same size. Your question is: Toyota Hilux Double Cab 2.4E? Which question will you have about this car? Let’s justify these. There, we are including the major questions and answers about this car. So, let’s start now. What is the monthly instalment for the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4? The monthly instalment is RM 1,224 for 84 months. How much is the down payment for the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4? The down payment is RM 23,600. What is the engine specification of the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4? It features a 2.4L Diesel Engine, In-line 4 Cylinder 16 Valve DOHC, producing 148 hp and 400 Nm of torque. What are the dimensions of the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4? It has a length of 5325 mm, a width of 1855 mm, a height of 1815 mm, and a wheelbase of 3085 mm. How many seats does the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4 have? The vehicle has a seating capacity of 5. What type of suspension system does the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4 use? It uses a double wishbone front suspension and a leaf spring rear suspension. What are the tyre specifications of the Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4? It comes with 265/65 R17 radial tyres on 17-inch alloy wheels, with a steel spare tyre of the same size. What is the price of Toyota Hilux Double Cab 2.4E? The latest Toyota Hilux Double Cab 2.4E (MT) 4X4 price in the Malaysian market starts at RM 117,880. Advantages and Disadvantages AdvantagesDisadvantagesPowerful 2.4L Diesel EngineManual gearbox may not suit all driversHigh torque of 400 NmHigh down paymentRobust 4x4 drive typeLower cargo volume (80 L)Spacious interior with 5 seatsRear drum brakesGood ground clearance (286 mm)Large turning radius (6.4 m)

[siancosamen1974-blog]

Do not miss out on the efficient and progressive ball-bearings.

Do not miss out on the efficient and progressive ball-bearings from NTN-SNR, including the numerous options that solely a key player can give you. If bearing accuracy and low noise level is important the bearing will need to be changed, but if bearing slackness and noise might be accepted, the bearing can continue to function until the rolling parts and their tracks find it not possible to support the load. Our offering also spans many differing types, reminiscent of miniature ball bearings, thin part radial bearings and spherical outer race bearings. This treemap reveals the share of countries that import Ball Bearings. The double row ball radial ball bearing - containing two rows of ball-kind rolling components - takes up less area than two single row ball bearings in tandem. This sort bears both radial and axial hundreds. Their standard design is free to float axially, and so they have curler-guiding flanges on each side of one ring and none on the other side. Axial spherical roller bearings are single-row curler bearings with an angular adjustment facility. The excessive precision of our ball and curler bearings matches the characteristics of comparable ball bearing manufacturers. By making sure the balls journey via many different grooves, all of the balls will come out of the machine the same measurement even when there are variations between the grooves. Curler bearings alternatively, have a whole line of contact. Based mostly on our a few years of experience in growing and manufacturing excessive-high quality machine parts, GMN has specialized within the area of excessive-precision ball bearings as well as the manufacturing of high-performance and long-lived deep groove and spindle ball bearings. For many purposes similar to machine tools, medical gadgets, vacuum and measuring tools, as well as advanced bearing systems, GMN develops and offers special ball bearings which meet our customers' specified requirements.

Self-aligning ball bearings-open type

 Conrad bearings have the benefit that they're able to stand up to each radial and axial loads, however have the disadvantage of decrease load capacity because of the limited number of balls that may be loaded into the bearing assembly. Essential to high-precision rotary parts, ball bearings decide rotational accuracy. Putting these highly-loaded bearings in a relatively cool part of the engine enormously simplifies design of the load paths by means of the engine structures. Standard catalog gadgets embrace both precision and business quality and provide lengthy travel life, quiet motion, excessive-load capability, excessive-position accuracy and low friction coefficient. Our excessive velocity angular contact bearings operate comfortably at speeds above 500,000 rpm. Self-lubricating, oil-impregnated bronze Spherical Bearings are available with bores 4 mm to 12 mm. Felt washers and spring metal retainers are provided to be used with the spherical bearings. These bearings are assembled by placing the internal ring into an eccentric position relative to the outer ring, with the 2 rings involved at one point, resulting in a large gap opposite the point of contact. four. Tapered roller bearings are designed to withstand a radial and thrust load, and might be found in automobile hubs as a result of amount of radial and thrust masses they can carry. Needle curler and cage assemblies require a hardened and floor raceway on the shaft and in the housing. The facilitates more precise rotation than is possible with two impartial ball bearings, making integrated-shaft ball bearings significantly suited to functions such advert cylinder units for video cameras.

[autospore]

How to Buy a  Floor Jack ?

There are some things to remember when searching for a floor jack​. Even though that your neighbor recommends the jack he’s been using for a long time on his raised| Toyota Tundra truck, that particular model may be worthless for your lowered BMW. Here are a few of the primary selling factors you should pay attention to:

Lift Capacity

This is most likely the first thing you’ll notice when doing your research and also the most significant. Generally measured in tons, 2 ton and 3 ton floor jacks are the most common. You’ll want to be sure the utmost capacity that the floor jack will support exceeds the weight you have to lift.

Remember that you’ll never become placing the entire weight of your automobile on the jack since you’ll generally become lifting only one corner. If you plan to lift somewhere under the engine, that’s where up to 50 or 60% of the automobile weight is at.

Generally of thumb, a 2 ton floor jack is normally used for small to moderate cars (compacts, sports coupes, economy mid-size) while a 3 ton floor jack is {most suitable for mid to full-size cars and most trucks, vans, and SUVs. If you’re not sure which weight capability you will need, we recommend choosing a 3 ton model. In case you have a heavy vehicle like a Ford F-350, Cadillac Escalade, or 15 passenger van, you may want to 4 ton hydraulic floor jack

Material

You will see that floor jacks are constructed out of steel, aluminum, or a combined mix of both. Metal is the majority of common and typically {less expensive than an aluminum model. Its biggest disadvantages are that it’s a lot heavier (around twice as much), less portable, rather than as sleek. An aluminum jack is definitely what all of the car guys want because it’s simply as solid but much lighter and portable.

The downside is that you’ll frequently be paying a premium. Either choice is okay but if you’re also considering going out to the monitor or dragstrip, you’ll definitely want to proceed with the lighter model, optimally an aluminum racing jack.

Minimum Clearan Height

It used to be that floor jacks come in a typical profile. Now, with so many vehicles having low clearance (whether factory or aftermarket specifications), low profile floor jacks are becoming ever more popular. Some models right now require significantly less than 3 inches of floor clearance to operate.

Obviously,a few vehicles, such as sports cars, lowered vehicles, or race cars, sit lower to the bottom than others. Somebody with a Corvette C6 could have much fewer choices of floor jack models compared to the owner of a stock Honda Civic. You have to make sure the model you select will fit your automobile.

Most great floors have a minimum clearance height among 3-5 inches with low profile floor jack on the lower end of this range.

Maximum Lift Height

This refers to how high off the bottom the lifting arm will lift your automobile at its highest point. The majority of the great quality jacks on this site have a maximum elevation of between 18-20 inches. In comparison, a typical scissor jack which includes most cars has a maximum life elevation of around 15 inches.Those 3-5 inches could make a big difference.

Lift Speed

Lifting speed on a floor jack is measured by how many pumps of the deal with it requires to reach the maximum lifting height. Whichever floor jack model reviewed right here you select, you can count on it being quicker (and easier) when compared to a screw type jack. The majority of floor jacks seem to require between 12-18 strokes to attain full height.

Some models advertise some kind of “quick lift program” which typically make use of dual cylinders to lift to complete height in as quickly as 5-6 strokes. In most cases, those that need more pumps of the manage require a minimal amount of effort .however, the difference is frequently negligible.

[teratoscope]

Repton

The inside of the dome is a hothouse; your optics fog the moment you cut inside. The ground shifts and gives slightly under your feet. Nothing is paved here, except with what you’re guessing is piles of chipped rubber strewn across a concrete foundation. The whole place feels like you’ve wandered into a nightmare version of a playground; a hopeless tangle of brightly-painted metal and plastic, some entirely abstract and some molded in crude imitation of jungle foliage, weaves around and above you. Featureless black domes break up the terrain, some the size of houses. And then there’s the noise, the inescapable wall of sound this place throws at you. Synthetic insect chirring, the hiss and hum of climate regulators, a distant rumble of turbines and churning coolant somewhere far below, and a repetitive, ear-splitting whoop. Which, you’re realizing, is almost certainly an alarm. Your hosts are well camouflaged against the terrain; bright, many-colored scales gleam under the half-light that catches in the heady atmosphere like insects in amber. They dangle from bars and false branches, then drop to the ground and pace tight circles around you, watching the graphics flit across the inner surface of the dusky orange domes fused over their eyes. Some break formation to get a closer look, then flee back into the labyrinthine reaches above. “Are they supposed to be cute?” says Dak. Weapon racks pop loose from hidden chambers in the floor and out of “trees,” clattering into place. The Reptons rush them, squabbling for the prime pickings before some unseen force goads them to break away and take the next gun down. “You tell me,” you say.

HD 1 MV 180’ climb AC 14 AT bite (d4+1) or by weapon Special network

Network—all Reptons are networked to each other and their devices. Unless their comms are jammed, a Repton soldier always has a precise understanding of their distance relative to their squadmates and all Repton-aligned tech, and can communicate with both. Furthermore, all Reptons have access to their network’s algorithmic assistance. If the Reptons in question are in combat with a target that has fought networked Reptons before, they gain +1 to attack and initiative rolls for every one of these prior encounters (up to 6).

1d6 Repton Weapons

1.     Lance caster. 3d3 kinetic, 90’ range, six-shot clip. Semi-automatic magnetic bolt-thrower. Individual bolts are about as long as a human forearm, brightly colored to stand out for easy recovery and reload. Reptons struggle with tracking ammunition in high-tension situations, and also with aiming; lance casters tend to be assigned to top-percentile fighters.

2.     Buddy gun. 1d4+3 heat, 240’ range, battery exhausts and needs to be re-cranked for 1d3 rounds on a max-damage roll. Onboard AI provides procedurally generated moral support. Weapon of choice for the average Repton grunt.

3.     Bughucker. Xd10 explosive, 400’ range, can house and fire up to three shells at once, dealing damage equal to shells fired. Launches a suicide drone resembling an overfed beetle that chases its target using impenetrable precognitive algorithms. The damage from a successful attack roll with a Bughucker “arrives” 2d3 rounds after the round is actually fired. It takes 1 round to arm and load a shell. The definition of a fire-and-forget weapon.

4.     Mega-cuffs. 2d6 kinetic, melee weapon. Allows an extra 60’ rocket-assisted charge in a straight line as part of an attack. Fuel explodes for 3d6 damage in a 15’ radius on a critical miss (Dex check for half for everyone but the Repton wearing it).

5.     Rad-hoser. 30’ cone, 2d4 Rads (Dex check for half). Sprays goopy, luminescent reactor discharge. Widely used to clear ground for development.

6.     Slough cannon. 60’ cone, 1d8+1 damage from abrasion and hemorrhaging (Con check for half). Damage die implodes each round: roll damage at the top of the round and apply if the damage is less than the damage dealt last round; otherwise the effect ends. Deals no damage to targets in airtight armor. Weapon reaches dangerous operating temperatures; on firing the wielder takes 1d3 heat damage. Fires an expanding cloud of nanoassemblers designed to revert living tissue to uncommitted stem cells and package it for future use.

1d8 Repton Devices

1.     Black cylinder the size of a coffee maker held aloft on a dirty yellow repulsor field. Synthesized voice squawks instructions in decidedly un-reptilian but still unrecognizable language in time with strobes of decorative light piping. Neural-network assisted targeting means that each consecutive missed shot grants a +1 to the next attack made by any Repton. AC 8, hp 12, MV 90’ hover

2.     Modular railgun. Takes three dedicated team members and a full round to assemble, aim & fire, hucks anything that fits in the barrel and can hold a charge for 10d10 kinetic damage in a 600’ straight line (Dex check to dodge). All pieces emblazoned with thorough visual aids that walk the user through the assembly process.

3.     Egg-shaped plastic housing the size of a football with a set of neural interface leads coiled around a magnetic support stand. When wired up, user enters a hypnagogic state for six hours, after which leads detach and user wakes with no memory of their state of unconsciousness. For the subsequent 48 hours, user has instantaneous and entirely subconscious grasp of Repton engineering, will service Repton devices without noticing if their hands are not kept otherwise occupied. Reptons will ignore anyone who sticks close to one of these things, and actively assist a user. Continuous use risks permanent nerve damage.

4.     Short brass rod ending in t-shaped prong. So long as it remains aimed at a single biological target, the target’s sensory faculties are greatly reduced (disadvantage to all tests of perception), and pain, fatigue, and sickness register only as a faint, pleasurable itch (so long as effect is sustained, player has no knowledge of their hit point total and is immune to penalties from distraction/pain/morale).

5.     Repton-sized metal pylon ringed with sturdy levers. Interface panel shows map of local terrain and best-fit route from current location to resource-rich zone. Requires a team of ten Reptons (or three to four reasonably strong humans) to open, revealing opalescent, filigreed structure, like a fossil basket star curled around a flickering, barely perceptible mote of solid black. Upon release, computronium seed begins to unfold and put down roots. Surrounding six-mile radius will become a fully functional and populated Repton habitat within a month.

6.     Amoeboid drone; flexile smart-matter body around hard-framed central storage armatures. Absorbs wounded Reptons and deposits them in “care spheres” where internal limbs mend/foam over wounds and dose the patient with combat amphetamines. One round to recover an incapacitated Repton, 2d3 rounds to redeploy with a rerolled hit die and +4 to hit and damage. MV 120’, AC 10, hp 14.

7.     Mobile terrarium. Looks like a Rainforest Café stapled to the back of a mechanical crab. Reptons stationed in one never flee; they defend their home to the death. “Trees” extrude clone mealworm paste and simulation fruit flesh in narcotic, mildly hallucinogenic, and blue raspberry flavors. Guided by competent but nonverbal AI. Personalities tend to be grudgingly servile to overseers, pleasantly exasperated with crew in a way that should be familiar to any cat owner. MV 90’, AC 16, hp 80

8.     Meta-Rover. Modular all-terrain vehicle, top operable combat speed of 300’/round. Like a pile of motorized, armored bigwheels bolted together into a single day-glo abomination, until it separates into a swarm of single-seaters. Vehicles can hypothetically link indefinitely, but for every unit after the 6th there’s a 1 in 10 chance at the end of each round that the drivers fall catastrophically out of sync and the assemblage spins out.

The Reptons were the first species we encountered in the Contact War, and if it had only ever been them, things might have been different.

The average individual Repton is about as canny as an especially dull chimp in most regards. They’re reasonably talented tool-users, but if you were to raise one from the egg, away from their infrastructure, their at-birth implants, and mainline Repton culture, it would take some serious goading to get them to so much as flint-knap.

And yet as a group, Reptons are deadly. They fight tactically, often making unexpected gambits, and they fight with little regard for their individual well-being. They communicate constantly, though no-one has yet been able to decipher Repton script or spoken language; Repton “writing” features six thousand plus distinct characters and counting and doesn’t seem to have any fixed direction you’re supposed to read it. And their war effort is driven by arms and manufacturing tech that is sometimes leagues ahead of what humanity is capable of, or founded on utterly inscrutable scientific principles, even if the interfaces often seem designed for preschoolers.

But nobody has a clear, substantiated explanation for how they wound up with their tech in the first place. A camp in Freestar One’s strategic research division theorizes that they are the leftovers of a species that lost its evolutionary pressures towards sapience; another argues that they are an uplifted species whose patrons abandoned them, died out, or supervise them from a distance. Stranger explanations exist.

What is known is that their computers are frighteningly powerful and all of their machines talk to each other. Their industrial society is kept afloat purely by the power of their algorithms and the constant influx of resources provided by their ongoing conquest of the planet—the Reptons themselves are merely the hands that authorize and facilitate the intricate automatic processes of invention and fabrication that build their domed cities, develop their food, medicine, entertainment, and weapons, grow and indoctrinate their children, and schedule their lives.

They are vestigial components in a vast machine with no capacity to recognize itself or any part within, operating on the sprawling organic logic of a dream instantiated by engineers lost to time.

Anyone who’s been deployed in Repton territory can attest to the uncanny atmosphere they carry with them. No individual part of a Repton crew behaves like a person. But there is something that emerges in the interplay, as they fumble with their devices and their devices fumble with them, that suggests an intellect inherent to neither. If you watch them from the right distance—not too far, not too close—they resolve into something distressingly like us.

[js-knlhydraulic]

Research on hydraulic heating in a low-temperature environment

Heating is an important method to improve the working condition of hydraulic systems in a low-temperature environment. By heating some devices or components of the hydraulic system, the purpose of ensuring the normal operation of the system can be achieved.

Heating method

1. Heating the hydraulic tank

The system is heated by heating the hydraulic oil tank, which includes two methods: one is the heating of the engine cylinder jacket, although it is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, it is difficult to deal with the leaked and polluted oil; the other is the electric heating rod heating, which avoids The disadvantages of the above method, however, will also lead to the deterioration of the hydraulic oil due to the local overheating of the resistance wire. These two methods provide solutions to low-temperature hydraulic problems, which can be adjusted according to different heating requirements.

2. External heating of the oil cylinder or addition of thermal insulation equipment

Due to the heating of the oil tank in winter to increase the temperature of the hydraulic oil while the ambient temperature is too low, the temperature difference between the oil and the hydraulic cylinder is large, resulting in volume shrinkage and thus speeding up the speed of position change. The small temperature difference between hydraulic fluid and hydraulic cylinder.

3. Additional heating of hydraulic components housing

Cryogenic systems under thermal shock conditions can be mitigated by additional heating of the hydraulic component housings, such as with thermal fluid heating or electrical heating. A condition where the effective gap between elements changes.

4. Heat tracing media heats up

For the hydraulic pipelines and hydraulic cylinders exposed to the low-temperature environment for a long time, electric heat tracing is used for heat preservation, and heat exchange is carried out through the heating of the heat tracing medium.

5. AMESim simulation

Through AMESim to simulate the influence of hydraulic oil viscosity on the performance of the hydraulic systems at different temperatures and analyze and optimize it, it is concluded that adding a PTC heating sheet to the fuel tank can solve the low-temperature problem.

6. Hydraulic system preheating

Aiming at the low-temperature environment where the UAV is located at a high altitude, a low-temperature test is carried out, and a self-circulating heating method different from the previous one is developed to preheat the hydraulic system and improve the low-temperature performance of the hydraulic system.

7. Equipped with electric heater

When the hydraulic pumping unit is used as low-temperature outdoor production equipment, the low-temperature system cannot be started normally. The hydraulic station can be equipped with an electric heater to ensure that the hydraulic oil in the oil tank is at a suitable temperature by heating the oil, which meets the heating requirements of the system. But for the hydraulic system in a low-temperature environment, heating can not solve all the problems (such as deck machinery and equipment working at extremely low temperatures), so more in-depth research is needed.

With the increasing research value of the Arctic waterway, how to realize the actual demand for low-temperature hydraulic pressure has great research significance, and the research and development of low-temperature hydraulic pressure will usher in an important stage.

Jiangsu Kerai Hydraulic Pump Co., Ltd. is a high-end equipment manufacturer specializing in the production of high-pressure plunger pumps, motors, hydraulic reducers, and spare parts.

If you have your own opinions on the hydraulic motor, please contact Jiangsu Kerai Hydraulic Pump Co, Ltd.

Related news of hydraulic system

Research on hydraulic systems in a low-temperature environment

How tube fittings and pneumatic accessories affect hydraulic systems

The significance of studying low-temperature hydraulic technology

[delevator-blog]

Things You Need to Know About Hydraulic Passenger Elevator Manufacturer

Regardless of whether you’re hoping to introduce another framework or are interested about how your current apparatus functions, here’s all that you have to think about water driven lifts.

WHAT IS A HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR?

There are two primary kinds of lift frameworks: footing and water powered.

Footing lifts use steel ropes or belts on a pulley framework. Pressure driven lifts are fueled by water driven jack, which are liquid driven cylinders that movement within a barrel.

HOW DO HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS WORK?

In contrast to footing lifts, pressure driven frameworks don’t utilize overhead raising apparatus. Rather, these elevator manufacturer in ahmedabad utilize the pressure of liquids to produce development.

The lift taxi is lifted by an electric engine that siphons oil into the chamber to move the cylinder. Water driven lifts likewise fuse electrical valves to control the arrival of oil for a delicate ride.

The liquid expected to control water driven lift must be oil-based. Vegetable oil or biodegradable oil can be utilized as naturally neighborly alternatives.

WHAT TYPES OF BUILDINGS USE HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS?

You can locate a water powered lift in a building. Be that as it may, there are two factors that limit the statures they can travel.

By passenger elevator manufacture, water powered lifts require a significant measure of vitality to raise the taxi, which is for what reason they’re not typically found in elevated structures. These frameworks likewise work at rates of 150 ft./min. or on the other hand less, making them slower than different kinds of lifts.

In light of these components, water driven lifts are proposed for structures that are up to seven stories.

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS?

Not every pressure driven lift are made equivalent! There are a few varieties that can make every framework one of a kind.

Holed Hydraulic

With this sort of lift, water driven chambers reach out into the ground and are put within a bored opening. The vehicle of the lift is mounted on a cylinder that movements within the barrel, permitting up to 60' of movement.

Hole less Hydraulic

Since a bored gap isn’t fundamental, existing structures or territories where boring isn’t an alternative can profit by a hole less pressure driven lift. In any case, these models aren’t suited for more than 40' of movement.

Roped Hydraulic

Roped hydraulic goods lift manufacturer use links and a cylinder appended to a sheave to expand the ascent of a hole less pressure driven lift. Since a rope is holding up the lift taxi, a representative is required. These models are expected for 60' of movement.

Machine Room-Less (MRL) Hydraulic

In machine room-less lifts, the pressure driven lift systems are situated in the hoist way rather than a different machine room. This boosts the accessible space in a building.

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS?

For some kinds of structures, pressure driven lifts offer the accompanying preferences:

1. Quicker to introduce than other lift types

2. Less costly to introduce and maintain Ideal for transporting overwhelming burdens

3. Occupy less space in a building

4. Option to have machine room-less setup

WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS?

Indeed, even with the advantages, there are as yet a couple of elements that probably won’t settle on pressure driven frameworks the correct decision for specific applications:

1. Only planned for low and mid-ascent structures

2. Can just travel up to 150 ft./min.

3. More power necessities than footing lifts

4. May be somewhat noisier than different frameworks

Instances OF HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS

Offering a smooth and calm ride, the ThyssenKrupp endure water powered framework is a standout amongst the most outstanding lifts of its sort. This water powered lift is accessible in holed and hole less models and can be altered to your building’s particulars.