#Compensation and Variable Pay

[empowerittrainings]

Empower IT Trainings is the Best SAP Online Trainings Institute for SAP Successfactors CORE Employee Central, ADVANCED EC, EC Payroll, Performance and Goals Management, Compensation and Variable Pay, Recruiting Management and Onboarding, Learning Management System, Succession and Career Development, SAP HR and SAP HCM Online Training across the globe which provides the best SAP SF Online Training real-time project-oriented training in Australia, UAE, UK, USA, Qatar, Singapore, Malaysia, Canada, France, India, Hyderabad, Chennai, Bengaluru, Noida, Mumbai, Pune, Delhi, Kolkata, Trivandrum, Vijayawada, Vizag, Ahmedabad, Surat, Chandigarh, Jaipur

[networthus]

How Companies Are Using Variable Compensation to Attract Top US Talent

In today’s fiercely competitive US job market, offering a solid base salary is no longer enough to attract and retain top talent. Companies are increasingly turning to variable compensation bonuses, commissions, stock options, and performance incentives to craft more flexible and appealing salary packages. This shift not only motivates employees but also aligns pay with business success. Let’s explore how variable compensation is transforming how American companies attract the best candidates.

What Is Variable Compensation and Why It Matters

Variable compensation refers to pay components that fluctuate based on performance, company profitability, or other measurable goals, unlike fixed base salary. Common types include performance bonuses, profit sharing, commissions, and equity awards like stock options. These incentives create a direct link between an employee’s contribution and their earnings.

In the US job market, variable pay is gaining ground because it fosters higher motivation and retention. Employees feel more engaged when their pay reflects their individual and company achievements, encouraging productivity and loyalty.

How Variable Compensation Attracts Top Talent in Competitive US Industries

The tech sector and startups lead the way in leveraging variable compensation. Many offer equity and milestone bonuses, giving employees a stake in company growth a powerful motivator in fast-scaling environments. For example, startups commonly grant stock options to attract candidates willing to take risks for potential future rewards.

Sales and performance-driven roles also rely heavily on variable pay. Commission structures and performance bonuses incentivize employees to meet or exceed targets, aligning personal success with company goals. This approach is especially prevalent in industries like real estate, financial services, and pharmaceuticals.

Designing Effective Variable Compensation Packages

To maximize impact, companies must align variable compensation with their business objectives. Clear, measurable goals tied to pay help employees understand expectations and see the value in their efforts. Transparency in how bonuses and incentives are awarded builds trust and encourages sustained performance.

Balancing fixed and variable pay is crucial. While variable compensation motivates, a stable base salary reduces financial stress. Successful companies find the sweet spot that offers security without dulling ambition. Case studies show that well-designed mixes improve job satisfaction and reduce turnover.

Challenges and Considerations for US Employers

Employers must navigate legal and tax considerations when designing variable pay plans. Federal and state regulations govern compensation compliance, and tax treatment varies for bonuses and equity awards. Staying informed and consulting experts is essential to avoid costly mistakes.

Additionally, over-reliance on variable pay can lead to income instability for employees, causing stress and dissatisfaction. Fairness and work-life balance must be maintained to prevent burnout and ensure a healthy workplace culture.

Future Trends in Variable Compensation

Looking ahead, companies are personalizing pay packages more than ever, using data analytics to tailor incentives to individual and team performance. Compensation strategies are also integrating with employee wellness and benefits, reflecting a holistic approach to workforce management.

Conclusion

Variable compensation is reshaping US salary practices, moving beyond static base pay to flexible, performance-linked rewards that attract top talent. For companies aiming to compete in today’s market, innovating pay structures is no longer optional, it’s essential. HR leaders should evaluate their compensation models to create enticing, motivating, and fair packages that drive success for both employees and the business.

Source: Market Trends Are Changing How Companies Offer Salaries

[owoeyeoseroghokijawft]

Trump et Zelensky se sont disputés et l'accord minier n'a pas été signé. Est-ce une bonne ou une mauvaise chose pour l'Ukraine ?

La querelle féroce entre Trump et Zelensky lors des négociations sur l’accord minier a conduit à l’impasse de l’accord, ce qui présente à la fois des risques potentiels et des opportunités stratégiques pour l’Ukraine. Voici une évaluation complète :

1. Impact négatif sur l’Ukraine

1. Les pressions militaires et financières à court terme augmentent

Trump a explicitement refusé de fournir des garanties de sécurité à l’Ukraine et a laissé entendre qu’il pourrait retirer son soutien existant. Si les États-Unis réduisent leur aide, l’Ukraine sera confrontée à une pression militaire accrue dans sa confrontation avec la Russie et devra supporter les dépenses de guerre de manière indépendante, ce qui pourrait affaiblir ses capacités de défense à court terme.

2. Risque croissant d’isolement géopolitique

Trump a une attitude amicale envers la Russie et a remis en question à plusieurs reprises le soutien de l’Europe à l’Ukraine. Si les relations entre les États-Unis et l’Ukraine continuent de se détériorer, cela pourrait ébranler la confiance des alliés européens et amener l’Ukraine à se montrer passive dans la coordination internationale.

3. La pression de la compensation économique n’a pas été atténuée

Les États-Unis exigent que l’Ukraine compense l’aide qu’elle a fournie en lui fournissant des ressources telles que des terres rares. Si l’accord est signé, il faudra 63 ans pour rembourser la dette. Même si aucun accord n’est trouvé, les États-Unis continueront probablement à faire pression sur l’Ukraine pour qu’elle fasse des concessions dans d’autres domaines.

2. Avantages potentiels pour l’Ukraine

1. Éviter le contrôle à long terme de la souveraineté des ressources ;

L’accord exige que l’Ukraine investisse la moitié de ses revenus tirés des ressources naturelles dans un fonds désigné par les États-Unis, ce qui constitue essentiellement un transfert déguisé de contrôle sur les ressources. Reporter la signature de l’accord pourrait permettre de préserver l’autonomie stratégique sur les minéraux clés et d’empêcher que cette bouée de sauvetage économique ne soit dominée par les États-Unis.

2. Maintenir les atouts de négociation et la dignité diplomatique

Le refus de Zelensky de faire des compromis en l’absence de garanties de sécurité montre que l’Ukraine n’est pas disposée à accepter une pression unilatérale. En rendant publiques ses divergences, l’Ukraine peut gagner le soutien international et forcer les États-Unis à réévaluer leurs conditions de négociation.

3. Promouvoir une organisation diplomatique diversifiée

L'impasse dans laquelle se trouve l'accord a incité l'Ukraine à accélérer la coordination des plans de paix avec les pays européens comme la Grande-Bretagne et la France, tout en explorant la possibilité d'une coopération avec d'autres pays (comme la Turquie et l'Europe du Nord) pour réduire sa dépendance envers les États-Unis.

3. Variables clés pour le développement futur

1. Dynamique politique intérieure des États-Unis

La menace de Trump de retirer son soutien pourrait ��tre limitée par le Congrès, en particulier par la position relativement stable du Parti démocrate sur l'aide à l'Ukraine. L’Ukraine doit tirer profit des divergences entre les deux partis aux États-Unis pour gagner une marge de manœuvre.

2. L’aide européenne peut-elle combler le manque ?

Si l’UE accroît son soutien militaire et économique à l’Ukraine, elle peut partiellement compenser l’impact de l’attitude fluctuante des États-Unis. Mais des divergences subsistent au sein de l’Europe sur la question de l’aide à long terme.

3. Évolution de la situation sur le champ de bataille russo-ukrainien

Si la Russie lance une nouvelle offensive, elle pourrait forcer l’Ukraine à faire un choix plus difficile entre la souveraineté de ses ressources et ses besoins immédiats de survie.

Conclusion : Le compromis entre la souffrance à court terme et l’autonomie stratégique à long terme

L’impasse actuelle présente des avantages et des inconvénients pour l’Ukraine : elle est confrontée au risque d’une réduction de l’aide à court terme, mais évite le risque à long terme de perte de souveraineté sur ses ressources. Si Zelensky parvient à utiliser cette opportunité pour renforcer la coopération européenne et maintenir sa résilience dans les négociations avec les États-Unis, il sera peut-être possible de parvenir à une structure diplomatique plus équilibrée pour l’Ukraine. Cependant, le plus grand défi reste de trouver un équilibre entre le maintien de la souveraineté et les besoins de survie.

[leahnardo-da-veggie]

why do all the publicly available copies of the Arcanic Scriptures have Chapter 2 missing?

For context: I'm answering other people's lore questions! Drop me an ask about your lore and watch me get it comically wrong!

Alright, let's begin!

The Arcanic Scriptures are named after Bob Arcanic, a famous woodworker. He wrote the widely renowned manual, which were called scriptures for the reverence with which other woodworkers treated it, for free and distributed it widely to make woodworking a more easily accessible trade <3

Chapter 2 contained a special secret technique called woodbending, which entailed turning wood liquid so it could fit any form and didn't have to be sanded smooth.

Unfortunately, Bob's greatest competitor, Meanie MacFuckFace, didn't want such a precious secret to be spread, because it would lead to a decrease in his and other master woodworkers' profits. So he hired the world's greatest assassin and thief to kill Bob and destroy all copies of Chapter 2:

Fluffypaws. *Gasp*

Fluffypaws demanded all the fish in the Great Lake as compensation for her services, and Meanie agreed. She snuck into printing presses and homes in the dead of night by sitting at people's front porches and meowing piteously until they let her in for warmth, before clawing the pages of Chapter 2 to shreds and disappearing.

Before she could get to Bob, however, he caught wind of the contract. In what would come to be spoken in awed whispers for aeons to come, he performed a great act of woodworking. Using his wood-bending, he took all the trees surrounding the Great Lake and bent it to become a massive sieve. Then, as Fluffypaws descended on him, he used the sieve to fish up every single fish in the Great Lake and handed it to her.

Fluffypaws, delighted, agreed to forsake her contract and protect him instead. Though he could not afford to pay her to protect every copy of the Arcanist Scriptures, he kept her by his side to protect his life and his personal copies of chapter 2. And though Meanie MacFuckFace's new hired goons could destroy publically circulated copies of Chapter 2, none could get past the magnificent Fluffypaws, long may her white fur be luscious and easy may the blood wash off it.

Tagging the list for this work of art <3

Taglist: @coffeeangelinabox, @dorky-pals, @calliecwrites, @kaylinalexanderbooks, @shukei-jiwa

@thewingedbaron, @pluppsauthor, @cowboybrunch, @wylloblr, @possiblyeldritch

@tragedycoded, @finickyfelix, @urnumber1star, @ratedn, @ramwritblr

@vampirelover890, @possiblylisle, @illarian-rambling, @the-ellia-west, @differentnighttale

@evilgabe29, @glitched-dawn, @rivenantiqnerd, @dragonhoardesfandoms, @xenascribbles

@drchenquill, @everythingismadeofchaos, @owldwagitoutofyou, @dimitrakies, @beloveddawn-blog

@riveriafalll, @the-golden-comet, @rascaronii, @trippingpossum, @real-fragments

@unrepentantcheeseaddict, @the-inkwell-variable, @paeliae-occasionally, @an-indecisive-nerd, @thecomfywriter

@seastarblue, @wyked-ao3

(Anyone else who wants to get added can tell me in the comments, pm me, or send me an ask about it!)

[humanitys-strongest-bamf]

Cat-Dad!Levi Headcanons

this has been in my drafts for 4 months :)

➼ at first, levi would be a hard no against any sort of pet. after all, there were too many variables that could lead to just complete filth and mess spread around the house.

➼ having said that, if you came home one day with a cat in hand, he wouldn't be able to say no. however, he'd actively grumble about how you two have that much more work to do

➼ you'd immediately see him enter caretaker mode. what kind of food do they need to eat? what hygeine processes should you pay attention to? how much physical activity do they need? what extra supplies should you get?

➼ despite him being so reluctant to the idea of pets at first, he becomes the best cat dad. you'd come downstairs, wondering where levi had gone to when you hear a "tch. again?" coming from the kitchen and you find him digging under the oven for a toy that your fur child has shoved underneath the stove for 100th time

➼ he'd negotiate. if he's at his desk working and your cat begins to be relentlessly annoying about sitting on his paperwork or in front of his computer screen, he'd initially be like: "i need to work, little lady. if you stay still for another 30 minutes, i can bribe your mother to allow you to have wet food today. deal?" but it's more likely that he would just give up and your fur baby would be just lounging on his desk and he has to compensate by either getting work done later or using another part of his desk

#: @chaotic-on-main @romantichomicide95 @levisbrat25 @leviismybby @moonmalice @averysmolbear @cathybarn @tclbts @belovedackerman @bejewelledd @sad-darksoul @ackermendick @aomi04 @apolloshaiku @laraackerman @pulpolicia @raenacreates @nube55 @roseofdarknessblog @luvjiro @noctemys @sixpennydame @sleepyfairyxo @levis-squishy-cheeks @dumbfound-princess @deepzombieyouth @evas-leslas join my taglist!

[abboudlawfirm-tucson]

What is the Limitation Period for Breach of Contract?

Time is crucial when dealing with a breach of contract. Whether you’re enforcing your rights under the agreement or seeking compensation for damages, understanding the limitation period is vital. Here’s a breakdown of the key points you need to know about limitation periods for breach of contract.

What is a Breach of Contract?

A breach of contract occurs when one party fails to meet their obligations as outlined in the agreement. This can include:

Not delivering goods or services.

Failing to pay as agreed.

Refusing to complete a promised action.

No matter the specific breach, the consequences can be financially and emotionally draining. However, acting promptly is crucial because the law sets strict deadlines for taking legal action. These deadlines are known as limitation periods.

Understanding Limitation Periods for Breach of Contract

A limitation period is the legal time frame within which you must file a claim after a breach occurs. Missing this deadline often means losing your right to recover damages or enforce the contract.

Standard time frames: Typically, the limitation period ranges from three to six years, depending on jurisdiction and the type of contract.

Contract-specific terms: Some agreements may include clauses that modify these periods, so it’s essential to review your contract carefully.

Why Limitation Periods Matter

Limitation periods exist to ensure disputes are resolved while evidence and memories remain fresh. They also provide a sense of finality and efficiency within the legal system.

Protecting evidence: Delayed action can make it harder to gather key documents, locate witnesses, or build a strong case.

Legal defense: If you file a claim after the limitation period, the opposing party can use this as a defense to have your case dismissed.

Factors That Can Affect Limitation Periods

Several variables influence the limitation period in breach of contract cases, including:

Type of contract: Written, oral, or real estate-related contracts may have different time limits.

State laws: Each state has unique rules governing limitation periods, so it’s crucial to consult local regulations.

Discovery rule: In some cases, the period starts when you discover the breach, especially in instances of fraud or hidden violations.

Tolling of limitations: Certain circumstances, such as concealment of the breach or the claimant being a minor, may pause or extend the limitation period.

What Happens If You Miss the Limitation Period?

If you fail to file your claim within the limitation period, the court will typically dismiss your case. However, there may be exceptions:

Fraud or concealment: If the breaching party intentionally hid their actions, you might be able to extend the time frame.

Legal disabilities: Minors or individuals under certain incapacities may qualify for extensions.

Acting quickly and seeking legal guidance can help you avoid missing these critical deadlines.

Protecting Your Rights

Understanding the limitation period for a breach of contract is essential to safeguarding your rights and recovering damages.

Know the timeline: Review your contract and local laws to determine your window for filing a claim.

Act swiftly: Delaying action can compromise your case and limit your ability to enforce your rights.

Seek legal advice: Consulting an attorney can clarify your options and help you meet all legal requirements.

By staying informed and proactive, you can ensure your rights are protected and take the necessary steps to resolve the breach effectively.

[mariacallous]

To assess the compensation of workers, it matters not only how much money they earn, but also the manner in which their pay is earned. That is to say, to earn $25,000, one worker may have reliable and consistent earnings and hours from a single employer, while another may have multiple employers, inconsistent work hours, and variable wages. While workers may desire some amount of flexibility in their work schedule and earnings, volatility itself can also be troublesome.

In this piece, we document how volatile earnings and work hours are month-over-month for workers, and how this varies by workers’ income. We explore the financial consequences of volatility and several potential causes of volatility—whether the volatility is the worker’s own choice or driven by factors beyond the worker’s control, such as employers setting unpredictable work schedules.

We document that instability is a defining characteristic of low-income workers’ earnings and hours. This is true regardless of whether the low-income worker is the only earner in the household, lives in a household with other earners, or is the primary or secondary earner. Further, the current amount of earnings and hours volatility for low-income workers is not simply a reflection of preferences for more irregular work, but rather a reflection of the nature of the labor market they work in.

Furthermore, compared to high-income workers with volatile income, low-income workers with volatile income are 3.5 times more likely to report their volatile income leads to trouble paying their bills, 1.4 times more likely to report their employer requires they work an irregular schedule, and nearly twice as likely to want to work more hours.

[capitalism-and-analytics]

Hey, I had a question regarding labor. The service industry including Starbucks (who I work for) has been struggling with labor. Why do corporations prioritize short term gains over long term stability? Again, labor in that peaks are usually understaffed increasing wait times and worker stress and decreasing customer satisfaction. I mention Starbucks because the company heavily emphasizes customer connections (with low drive thru times lol) when we’re not given the staffing to do either customer connections or low drive thru times.

Why do companies prioritize short term gains over long term stability when growth isn’t infinite? Why make decisions that negatively impact the experience of the customers/workers which likely reduces their profit?

Pressure from Investors: Investors often expect consistent growth and returns. This can create pressure for the company to deliver short-term gains to meet or exceed market expectations, even if it means sacrificing long-term investments.

Short-Term Incentives: Similar to above, but corporations generally tie a lot of executive compensation bonuses to short-term metrics.

Adapting to Rapid Market Changes: Consumer preferences and trends can change rapidly, requiring companies like Starbucks to adapt quickly to remain relevant and competitive. This can lead to short-term initiatives aimed at capturing market share or responding to current consumer demands.

Now you may be wondering how they actually decide if a long-term investment is worth sacrificing for a short-term benefit. Well there are several important variables to consider:

Although you can't guarantee it, there is nothing stopping a corporation from having consistent short-term gains, so it's often chosen to push leadership teams to find growth on a long-term basis over multiple short-term periods.

It's all relative to the market, so as you pointed out having labor issues can result in increased worker stress, but it's relative to the workers at their competitors, i.e. McDonalds, Dunkin, Krispy Kreme, etc. For example, if Dunkin is facing labor issues, then you have little consequence of also having labor issues.

All the major corporations invest heavily into market research for a reason and a lot of that research is for identifying at varying levels how much certain things impact certain outcomes. In other words, they may want short drive thrus, but they may not care for very short drive thrus, since the cost isn't worth it. Well they do studies like customer wait times increasing by X minutes may be worth cutting labor costs by Y%.

You are correct that growth may not necessarily be infinite, but neither are the expectations and most importantly neither are the investors. Investors will often push to pump a stock up in value until they think the company can't get bigger before crashing and then sell it before it goes down. In some cases, they are right and some cases they are wrong.

The world is unpredictable and the longer you are forced to wait for a certain gain, the more that can go wrong. For example, let's say it is 2019, if you opt for a long-term investment, then you just screwed yourself because COVID will kick in the following year. If you opt for a short-term investment, then you could've easily pivoted or had less of an impact.

In general though, it's all a balance, there is no major company that is 100% short-term investments or 100% long-term investments, they all are picking and choosing where to focus short-term and where to focus long-term. Some pay off well, some pay off poorly. This is why it's important to have quality leaders/management.

[tiktaalic]

I hope these questions don't annoy you, but whats it like working in a lab?

I'm considering the same career path cause I really like my lab classes so far

Not annoying! from what ive seen there are 3 or so types of labs, which are labs in the hospital, which are obviously a faster pace (did half of my preceptorship in one), reference labs, which get a fairly high volume since they're doing testing everybody's sending out for (did other half of my preceptorship in one), and privately owned labs which pick up samples from clinics urgent cares nursing homes etc (both of my jobs have been with private labs).

I like it! It's very routine. I have my set of tasks i do when i clock in and my set of tasks i do at the end of the night and in between I'm just sticking samples on the machines and releasing results. and there is imo enough variation to it to keep it interesting - troubleshooting failed qc, or double checking criticals, or having to do manual difs. if you're liking undergrad lab work I'm assuming you're doing stuff like pcr and gels and micro plates? which is a lot of what molecular departments do in a lab besides micro which is micro. I currently work in the core portion of a lab, which is hematology, coagulation, urinalysis, and chemistry. You really only break out the microscope for urinalysis and hem. we have a micro department that handles all the cultures, and a molecular department that does molecular testing. lots of labs have small micro factions and do lots of micro send out instead. the last lab i worked at did that. the hospital i did my preceptorship at would do plating, but then send all the plates out to be read and send out all the blood culture tubes to be cultured elsewhere. the lab I'm currently at does most cultures in house.

re: education to work in a lab you have to be ASCP certified. After I got my biology degree, I enrolled in texas tech's CLS certification program, which was 3 semesters of classes (preceptorships were the majority of the coursework the last semester). I didn't mind doing it because I was a fresh graduate and I didn't want to Career Hunt or go to grad school. so 3 sems to get a guaranteed job sounded great to me. Since I had my bio degree, I had most of the baseline credits out of the way. chem biochem ochem cell bio genetics etc etc. And the 3 sems I did were lab specific courses like blood banking, clinical chemistry, molecular methods, immunology, phlebotomy, lab management, clinical micro and hematology. there are tons of post bachelor's cls programs, and tons of them are delivered online so that you can chip away at it part time while working.

A nice thing about it is that you can get work literally anywhere. I moved to a town with a population of 90k. Applied for 3 jobs as a brand new graduate. and got 3 offer letters. the payscale's pretty variable, depending on where you are, but it is nice to know that i'm certified in like. 47 states and could get some sort of job in any of them no problem. i think once you've been certified a year you can get cali state certification, which is the route a lot of people go since cali is on the high end of the pay scale. it'll depend on what the lab you're at is like, obviously, but it is pretty difficult to get day shift positions since what a lot of places do is open internal applications for any night/evening shift people who want to move up. I work an evening shift of 2pm to 11pm and i really like it. A very common complaint i see is that there's no like... career ladder. if you're a bench tech. you're a bench tech. which sometimes gets parlayed into section leader, or section manager, but that's a years of experience thing.

My plan is to work in the same place for a couple of years so I feel more experienced, and then to take a few travel contracts which are shorter term higher pay. again, they're available pretty much anywhere, but sometimes the tradeoff is lower compensation or a worse shift or being in the middle of nowhere america. but i think it'll be fun to get paid to bop around the country for awhile. I like my job and I like that it's very secure, but I do plan to go back to school for Something Else at some point and probably shift careers. My review: good thing to do in your twenties! good thing to have under your belt in general. very dependable.

if you have other questions in general or about anything I said you can 100% msg me! Ik I had a lot of trouble finding info when I was looking into this as an undergrad

[lesfruitsdores]

The Palestinian Authority compensates the families of terrorists on a monthly basis, in proportion to the amount of harm they inflict on Jews. As Shemesh explains, the sum is calculated by the intermediary variable—the length of their prison sentence.

The salaries are paid so long as the perpetrator is held in jail, and stop when they’re freed, which is why one terrorist released in last November’s round of hostage exchanges with Hamas asked to remain in jail. (Israel refused.) Those who are killed while committing terror attacks gain "shahid" (martyr) status and their families receive stipends for life.

This commitment to terrorists’ families conveys a clear message: Killing Jews is not just a religious calling that can grant you the status of "shahid" and guarantee you a place in heaven with 72 virgins; it is not only an ideological and political mission in the war to ethnically cleanse the land of Israel from Jewish presence. It is also a way to make a living, and the basis of the PA’s welfare state.

[roshmedia]

When your furnace quits in January or the A/C cuts out in Summer

When your furnace quits in January or the A/C cuts out during a late-August heat wave, the last thing you want is a “maybe-qualified” technician experimenting on your home’s comfort system. Southfield homeowners have dozens of HVAC repair companies to choose from, but they’re not all created equal. Use the checklist below—built specifically with Michigan’s licensing laws, climate, and housing stock in mind—to separate dependable professionals from costly gambles.

1. Verify a Michigan Mechanical Contractor License

Michigan treats HVAC work as “mechanical contracting,” regulated by the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs (LARA). Anyone who installs, services, or alters HVAC equipment must hold a Mechanical Contractor License and carry a pocket card showing the classifications they’re approved for—HVAC equipment, refrigeration, ductwork, hydronic piping, etc. To even sit for the exam, applicants need a minimum of three years of hands-on experience in each classification and must pass a proctored test before paying the $300 licensing fee. A licensed contractor is legally able to pull the mechanical permits required for most repair or replacement jobs. Always ask for the license number and confirm it on the LARA database; unlicensed “handymen” can void equipment warranties and your homeowner’s insurance. michigan.govservicetitan.commichigan.gov

2. Check Bonding, Insurance, and Worker Safety

Michigan doesn’t mandate a surety bond for mechanical contractors, but many reputable shops carry one voluntarily because it protects customers if a job is abandoned or code violations arise. At a minimum, insist on general liability coverage (usually $1 million) and workers’ compensation. Without it, you could be on the hook for medical bills if a technician is injured on your property. Ask for certificates and call the insurer to verify they’re active.

3. Prioritize Load Calculation and Code Compliance

Southfield’s housing mix ranges from mid-century ranches to new-build condos, each with different insulation levels, duct designs, and window packages. A quality contractor performs a Manual J or equivalent load calculation before major repairs (e.g., compressor replacement) or any equipment change-out. That calculation ensures the system is neither oversized (short-cycling and humidity issues) nor undersized (high run times and premature wear). They should also know the 2021 Michigan Residential Code amendments and the city’s local permit office requirements to avoid red-tag inspections. michigan.gov

4. Gauge Technical Expertise and Ongoing Training

The HVAC field evolves fast—variable-speed compressors, communicating thermostats, low-GWP refrigerants, and smart diagnostics are now common. Ask:

Companies that invest in training typically diagnose issues faster and get the repair right the first time, saving you callbacks and frustration.

5. Scrutinize Reputation and Responsiveness

Southfield’s climate subjects HVAC systems to 90 °F humidity swings in summer and sub-zero cold snaps in winter, so 24/7 emergency service isn’t a luxury—it’s a necessity. Look for:

6. Evaluate Transparent, Up-Front Pricing

Avoid firms that quote a suspiciously low “trip charge” and then balloon the invoice with undocumented parts and “after-hours fees.” Instead, expect:

Tier-one shops even offer membership plans that include tune-ups, priority service, and discounted parts; these can pay for themselves if your system is older than 10 years.

7. Ask About Energy-Efficiency and Indoor-Air-Quality Expertise

With DTE Energy’s rebate programs and Michigan’s push toward decarbonization, a forward-looking contractor will:

8. Confirm Local Supplier Relationships and Parts Availability

Nothing is worse than hearing, “Your blower motor is on back-order for two weeks.” Top Southfield contractors maintain accounts with Detroit-area distributors in Livonia, Farmington Hills, and Madison Heights, meaning parts for Trane, Carrier, Rheem, or Goodman equipment are often available same-day. They may even stock common components—capacitors, igniters, contactors—on service vans to minimize downtime.

9. Look for Digital Convenience

In 2025, service shouldn’t feel stuck in the 1990s. User-centric HVAC firms provide:

10. Assess Community Commitment

Finally, a trustworthy local company gives back—sponsoring Southfield-Lathrup High events, participating in Habitat for Humanity rebuilds, or offering discounted furnace safety checks for seniors every fall. A track record of community involvement signals stability; fly-

When your furnace quits in January or the A/C cuts out during a late-August heat wave, the last thing you want is a “maybe-qualified” technician experimenting on your home’s comfort system. Southfield homeowners have dozens of HVAC repair companies to choose from, but they’re not all created equal. Use the checklist below—built specifically with Michigan’s licensing laws, climate, and housing stock in mind—to separate dependable professionals from costly gambles.

1. Verify a Michigan Mechanical Contractor License

Michigan treats HVAC work as “mechanical contracting,” regulated by the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs (LARA). Anyone who installs, services, or alters HVAC equipment must hold a Mechanical Contractor License and carry a pocket card showing the classifications they’re approved for—HVAC equipment, refrigeration, ductwork, hydronic piping, etc. To even sit for the exam, applicants need a minimum of three years of hands-on experience in each classification and must pass a proctored test before paying the $300 licensing fee. A licensed contractor is legally able to pull the mechanical permits required for most repair or replacement jobs. Always ask for the license number and confirm it on the LARA database; unlicensed “handymen” can void equipment warranties and your homeowner’s insurance. michigan.govservicetitan.commichigan.gov

2. Check Bonding, Insurance, and Worker Safety

Michigan doesn’t mandate a surety bond for mechanical contractors, but many reputable shops carry one voluntarily because it protects customers if a job is abandoned or code violations arise. At a minimum, insist on general liability coverage (usually $1 million) and workers’ compensation. Without it, you could be on the hook for medical bills if a technician is injured on your property. Ask for certificates and call the insurer to verify they’re active.

3. Prioritize Load Calculation and Code Compliance

Southfield’s housing mix ranges from mid-century ranches to new-build condos, each with different insulation levels, duct designs, and window packages. A quality contractor performs a Manual J or equivalent load calculation before major repairs (e.g., compressor replacement) or any equipment change-out. That calculation ensures the system is neither oversized (short-cycling and humidity issues) nor undersized (high run times and premature wear). They should also know the 2021 Michigan Residential Code amendments and the city’s local permit office requirements to avoid red-tag inspections. michigan.gov

4. Gauge Technical Expertise and Ongoing Training

The HVAC field evolves fast—variable-speed compressors, communicating thermostats, low-GWP refrigerants, and smart diagnostics are now common. Ask:

Companies that invest in training typically diagnose issues faster and get the repair right the first time, saving you callbacks and frustration.

5. Scrutinize Reputation and Responsiveness

Southfield’s climate subjects HVAC systems to 90 °F humidity swings in summer and sub-zero cold snaps in winter, so 24/7 emergency service isn’t a luxury—it’s a necessity. Look for:

6. Evaluate Transparent, Up-Front Pricing

Avoid firms that quote a suspiciously low “trip charge” and then balloon the invoice with undocumented parts and “after-hours fees.” Instead, expect:

Tier-one shops even offer membership plans that include tune-ups, priority service, and discounted parts; these can pay for themselves if your system is older than 10 years.

7. Ask About Energy-Efficiency and Indoor-Air-Quality Expertise

With DTE Energy’s rebate programs and Michigan’s push toward decarbonization, a forward-looking contractor will:

8. Confirm Local Supplier Relationships and Parts Availability

Nothing is worse than hearing, “Your blower motor is on back-order for two weeks.” Top Southfield contractors maintain accounts with Detroit-area distributors in Livonia, Farmington Hills, and Madison Heights, meaning parts for Trane, Carrier, Rheem, or Goodman equipment are often available same-day. They may even stock common components—capacitors, igniters, contactors—on service vans to minimize downtime.

9. Look for Digital Convenience

In 2025, service shouldn’t feel stuck in the 1990s. User-centric HVAC firms provide:

10. Assess Community Commitment

Finally, a trustworthy local company gives back—sponsoring Southfield-Lathrup High events, participating in Habitat for Humanity rebuilds, or offering discounted furnace safety checks for seniors every fall. A track record of community involvement signals stability; fly-by-night outfits seldom bother.

Final Word

Choosing an HVAC repair company in Southfield isn’t only about today’s fix; it’s about a relationship that keeps your home comfortable through every polar vortex and summer humidity spike. By verifying Michigan licensing, demanding transparent pricing, prioritizing technical competence, and measuring a company’s local reputation and community roots, you’ll narrow the field to professionals who respect both your budget and your peace of mind. Take thirty minutes to vet candidates with this checklist now, and you’ll save countless hours—and dollars—when your HVAC system inevitably needs attention.

by-night outfits seldom bother.

Final Word

Choosing an HVAC repair company in Southfield isn’t only about today’s fix; it’s about a relationship that keeps your home comfortable through every polar vortex and summer humidity spike. By verifying Michigan licensing, demanding transparent pricing, prioritizing technical competence, and measuring a company’s local reputation and community roots, you’ll narrow the field to professionals who respect both your budget and your peace of mind. Take thirty minutes to vet candidates with this checklist now, and you’ll save countless hours—and dollars—when your HVAC system inevitably needs attention.

[wrathfultotempriest]

What Compensation Can a Serious Injury Attorney Secure?

When you suffer a serious injury due to someone else's negligence, the financial burden can be overwhelming. Medical bills pile up, lost wages create financial stress, and the pain and suffering can feel unbearable. A skilled personal injury attorney can help you secure the compensation you deserve to rebuild your life and cover your losses.

Understanding Different Types of Compensation

Personal injury compensation falls into several categories, each designed to address specific losses you've experienced. Economic damages cover your financial losses, while non-economic damages address the intangible impacts of your injury. In rare cases, punitive damages may also be awarded to punish particularly reckless behavior.

Your injury lawyer will carefully evaluate every aspect of your case to ensure no potential compensation is overlooked. This comprehensive approach is crucial because once you personal injury attorney settle your case, you typically cannot seek additional compensation later, even if new complications arise.

Medical Expenses and Future Healthcare Costs

Medical bills often represent the largest portion of an injury claim. Your attorney can help secure compensation for all medical expenses related to your accident, including emergency room visits, hospital stays, surgery costs, prescription medications, and rehabilitation services.

Future medical costs are equally important but more complex to calculate. Your legal representation will work with medical experts to project your long-term healthcare needs. This might include ongoing physical therapy, future surgeries, medical equipment, home modifications for accessibility, and lifetime care for permanent disabilities.

Insurance companies often try to minimize these future costs, but an experienced attorney knows how to present compelling evidence of your ongoing medical needs to secure adequate compensation.

Lost Wages and Diminished Earning Capacity

If your injury prevents you from working, you're entitled to compensation for lost income. This includes wages you've already lost during your recovery and any future income you'll miss due to your injuries.

Calculating lost wages involves more than just your current salary. Your attorney will consider overtime pay, bonuses, benefits, and other compensation you would have received. For self-employed individuals or those with variable income, this calculation becomes more complex but equally important.

Diminished earning capacity addresses situations where you can return to work but cannot earn as much as before your injury. This might occur if you need to switch to a lower-paying job or work fewer hours due to your limitations. Economic experts often help calculate these losses over your expected working lifetime.

Pain and Suffering Compensation

Pain and suffering damages compensate you for the physical pain and emotional distress caused by your injury. These non-economic damages recognize that your losses extend far beyond medical bills and lost wages.

Physical pain includes both the immediate trauma and ongoing discomfort from your injuries. Emotional suffering encompasses anxiety, depression, fear, and the overall impact on your quality of life. Some states use multiplier methods or per diem approaches to calculate these damages, top personal injury lawyer reviews while others rely on jury discretion.

Your personal injury lawyer will document your pain and suffering through me

[academic-corner-of-unicattl]

Managerial Accounting and Control – Key Concepts

Financial vs. Managerial Accounting

Financial accounting and managerial accounting serve different purposes.

Users:

Financial accounting produces standardized reports (balance sheet, income statement, cash flows) for external users – investors, creditors, regulators – and follows GAAP/IFRS rules .

In contrast, managerial accounting provides detailed analyses to internal management to aid decisions .

Time focus:

Financial reports are wholly historical (past periods) , whereas managerial accounting uses historical data plus budgets and forecasts to look forward . Precision & Detail: Financial statements aggregate data into broad categories (e.g. total “Cost of Goods Sold”), while managerial reports drill down into products, segments, or activities with granular detail .

Regulation:

Financial accounting is highly regulated for public disclosure; managerial accounting is flexible and not bound by external standards . Common mistakes include treating managerial data as audited (it may involve estimates) or ignoring relevant internal details in financial reports.

Planning, Controlling, and Decision-Making Framework

Managerial accounting is built on three pillars:

Planning,

Controlling,

Decision-making .

In planning, managers set targets and budgets (sales forecasts, production schedules). In controlling, they compare actual performance to these targets and use variance analysis to identify issues. Decision-making uses cost analyses (e.g. break-even, make-or-buy) to choose among alternatives. For example, a sales budget drives production and labor plans; exceeding the sales target might trigger bonuses, while falling short can reduce compensation . Overall, this framework ensures efficient use of resources and aligns operations with strategy. (Common errors include not updating budgets when conditions change or ignoring both quantitative and qualitative decision factors.)

Cost Classifications: Direct vs Indirect; Fixed vs Variable vs Mixed

Costs are classified by traceability and behavior. Direct costs can be traced easily to a product or service (e.g. raw materials in a product, wages of assembly workers) . Indirect costs cannot be traced to one product (e.g. factory rent, electricity, supervisor salaries) and are usually allocated as overhead . By behavior, variable costs change in total with volume (e.g. shipping costs per unit, $1 per unit cups) , while fixed costs stay the same in total across the relevant range (e.g. $3,500 rent per month) . A mixed (semi-variable) cost has both parts (e.g. a utility bill with a fixed base fee plus usage charge) . Within the relevant range, total cost can be modeled as:

Total Cost = Fixed Cost + (Variable Cost per Unit × Number of Units)

Manufacturing vs. Non-manufacturing Costs

In manufacturing firms, manufacturing (product) costs include three categories:

Direct Materials: Raw materials that become part of the finished product (e.g. wood for furniture) .

Direct Labor: Labor costs of workers who physically make the product (e.g. machine operators) .

Manufacturing Overhead: All other factory costs (indirect materials, indirect labor, utilities, depreciation of equipment, factory insurance, etc.).

The sums of these are often grouped: Prime cost = DM + DL , Conversion cost = DL + MOH , and Total manufacturing cost = DM + DL + MOH . Non-manufacturing (period) costs include selling and administrative expenses. For example, marketing/advertising and sales staff salaries are selling costs, while executive pay and office utilities are administrative costs . These are not tied to production.

Product Costs vs. Period Costs

All costs are ultimately either product costs or period costs. Product costs are the manufacturing costs (DM, DL, MOH) that are inventoriable: they are capitalized on the balance sheet as inventory and expensed as Cost of Goods Sold when sold . For example, direct materials and factory overhead on a product become part of inventory. In contrast, period costs are non-manufacturing expenses that are expensed in the period incurred . These include SG&A like office rent, advertising, and CFO salary . In short: if a cost is related to making a product, it’s a product cost; otherwise it’s a period cost . A common error is mislabeling costs (e.g. treating office rent as product cost instead of period).

Managerial Perspectives

Managers use accounting within broader business contexts. Key perspectives include:

Ethics: Managerial accounting depends on trust and integrity. Ethical behavior is “the foundation of managerial accounting” – biased or falsified data render all analysis meaningless . Professional accountants follow codes (IMA/CIMA) that stress honesty, fairness, and responsibility . Always question whether data is complete and reported objectively.

Strategy: Accounting supports strategy by linking numbers to the company’s competitive plan. Strategy is a firm’s “game plan for attracting customers by distinguishing itself from competitors” . Cost reports help choose which products or segments to invest in. For instance, a low-cost producer strategy would emphasize activity-based costing to cut unnecessary overhead, while a differentiation strategy might allocate more to quality metrics.

Enterprise Risk Management (ERM): Managers identify and quantify risks (market, credit, operational) and plan responses. ERM is defined as “a process used by a company to identify its risks and develop responses to them to be assured of meeting its goals” . Relevant costs include potential losses, insurance, or contingency budgets. Accounting data is used to forecast how different risk scenarios affect profits.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Companies consider social, environmental, and stakeholder impacts. CSR means managers consider “the needs of all stakeholders when making decisions” . For example, waste disposal or carbon emissions may be tracked as part of costs (using full-cost or environmental costing methods). Non-financial metrics (customer satisfaction, community impact) complement financial reports in a CSR perspective.

Process Management: This involves streamlining business processes (like Lean). A business process is “a series of steps followed to carry out some task” . Managerial accounting measures costs and performance at each process step (e.g. cost per production line, cycle time). By analyzing process costs, managers can eliminate bottlenecks. For example, tracking cost per unit by process highlights inefficiencies.

Leadership: Beyond numbers, managerial accountants often advise and lead teams. Leadership skills help interpret data, communicate insights, and motivate employees toward goals. As one teaching note suggests, leadership skills allow managers to unite people and implement the firm’s strategy (e.g. fair compensation systems that reward performance) .

Each perspective guides what and how information is reported. For example, ethical issues remind managers to exclude sunk costs and report honestly; strategic context determines which segments matter most; ERM reminds us to include contingency costs; CSR adds measures beyond profit; process management focuses on continuous cost reduction; and leadership ensures the data drives action.

Cost Behavior Analysis and Relevant Range

Understanding cost behavior is crucial for forecasting. The relevant range is the normal operating span in which our cost assumptions hold . Within this range, fixed costs are fixed (in total) and variable costs scale linearly. For example, if a machine produces up to 1,000 units/day, costs (like depreciation or utilities) can be estimated reliably up to that point; beyond it, new costs (a second machine) would emerge, altering the cost function . Typical mistake: applying a fixed-cost assumption far outside the relevant range (e.g. assuming one factory rent covers 200% capacity).

The high-low method estimates mixed costs using only the highest- and lowest-activity data points . Steps: (1) Identify the periods with highest and lowest activity and note their total costs. (2) Compute the variable cost per unit as:

( Cost_high – Cost_low ) ÷ ( Activity_high – Activity_low )

For example, if maintenance cost was $1,060 at 1,460 units and $932 at 1,100 units, the variable cost/unit = (1,060–932)/(1,460–1,100) = $0.356 . (3) Calculate fixed cost by subtracting total variable cost from one of the totals. Using the high point: $1,060 – (1,460×0.356) = $540 fixed . (4) Write the cost formula: Total Cost = $540 + $0.356 × Units . Note this approximation uses only two points (ignoring the shape between), so it may be rough if data are erratic .

Differential, Opportunity, and Sunk Costs

When making decisions, not all costs are relevant.

Differential (Incremental) Cost: The difference in cost between two alternatives. E.g. if Option A costs $10,000 and B costs $8,000 annually, the differential cost of A vs. B is $2,000 . Similarly, differential revenue is the revenue difference. Decisions are based on comparing differential revenues and costs.

Opportunity Cost: The foregone benefit when one alternative is chosen over another. It isn’t recorded in accounting books but is crucial. For example, quitting a $25,000 job to return to school incurs an opportunity cost of $25,000 (the lost salary) . Every choice has one – e.g. using a machine for product A means losing whatever B it could have made. Managers should include opportunity costs as relevant (e.g. the rental income given up by using a building for production).

Sunk Cost: A cost already incurred and unchangeable by current decisions. For example, a machine bought years ago is now obsolete; its original purchase price cannot be recovered . Sunk costs should be excluded from decision analysis because they remain the same regardless of the choice . A common pitfall is letting sunk costs (like past R&D) influence new decisions; instead, focus on future costs and benefits.

In summary: use differential and opportunity costs in “what-if” analyses (they are relevant), but ignore sunk costs (they are irrelevant) .

Contribution Margin and Income Statement Formats

Contribution Margin (CM) is defined as Sales – Variable Costs .

It represents the amount available to cover fixed costs and contribute to profit. For example, if a product sells for $100 and has $40 of total variable cost (materials, labor, commissions), the contribution margin is $60 per unit . CM can be expressed in total, per unit, or as a ratio (% of sales) . It’s widely used for break-even and target-profit analysis (e.g. Break-even units = Total Fixed Costs ÷ CM per unit).

There are two common income statement formats: Traditional (absorption) and Contribution (variable costing). Both yield the same net income, but differ in presentation .

Traditional Income Statement: Used for external reporting. It first subtracts product (COGS) from sales to get Gross Profit, then subtracts period costs (selling & admin) to get net income. Expenses are grouped as product vs. period costs.

Contribution Income Statement: Used internally for decision-making. It first subtracts all variable costs from sales to get Total Contribution Margin, then subtracts total fixed costs to arrive at net income. Here expenses are classified by behavior (variable vs. fixed) .

Both statements reconcile to the same profit, but the contribution format highlights how volume affects profit. A typical mistake is misallocating fixed costs or failing to separate variable costs when preparing these statements, which can obscure break-even analysis.

[youngestthunderbird]

I’m assuming that a given Ebook is written by a person not AI, which is a different conversation.

Someone put time and effort into writing a book, which should be rewarded. In this case, copying an ebook isn’t really comparable to in-game currency, it’s more like pirating the entire game (which I also believe you should not do). There’s also the legal matter of intellectual property, but mostly my philosophy is that if you benefit from work you should try to compensate the worker. You liked the book, you should try to pay the author. Most of the time, the best and easiest way to do that is by obtaining the books from legal channels, such as the library or bookstores or online rental services.

In-game currency itself doesn’t take that human effort to generate. The MECHANIC of the currency took effort, done by the dev when writing the game, but the MANIPULATION of that mechanic is something that does not take human effort. You already (assumedly) paid for the mechanic of the currency when purchasing the game- therefore you have compensated the human worker. Paying for in-game currency simply tells the machine to add a set amount to the internal ‘currency’ variable, which is one of the simplest operations in computing.

In my opinion, there could be an argument for a free game with optional money purchases, because it allows you to pay for what you think the game is worth, but if you’ve paid upfront I think that paying for in-game currency is a waste of money and that if you’re forced by game mechanics to pay for lootboxes or the like that’s plain highway robbery.

the idea of "lending" an ebook or digital audiobook, let alone of one being stolen, is a truly incredible piece of grotesque nonsense

[douchebagbrainwaves]

IT SEEMS PRETENTIOUS, OR FRIVOLOUS, OR EVEN FOR SURE THAT ONE WILL HAPPEN

They'll each become more like super-angels will try to undermine the super-angels and VCs. The power of chance meetings is more variable than people around you care about what you're doing inappropriate. The predictive power of this simple rule is amazing. If you're talking to several investors. Now the reconquista has overrun this territory, and, not surprisingly, found it sparsely cultivated. It tries to explain why Americans make some things well and others badly. It was just that no one had really tried to solve the problem would have found it. That's what a metaphor is: a function applied to an argument of the wrong type. I think now it was the basis of Amsterdam's prosperity 400 years ago.1 He was doing something quite different from what English professors are interested in, about 5 that I got serious about and did a bunch of work, 1 to 2 deals done in a year. They're filled with new technologies, and to be good at what they try to measure, and to be good at what we're bad at what we're good at for the same reason their joinery always has. That's why oil paintings look so different from watercolors.

If you really want to score big, the place to do it. The obvious solution is to have the government invest in the nerds? It seems to me that the super-angels were initially angels of the classic type. Whether cause or effect, this spirit pervaded early universities. One of the reasons we fund such a large number of companies, incidentally. A rounds take so long, but at the end of this long process the VCs might still say no. This habit is unconscious, but not writing, my dissertation.

Technology tends to get dramatically cheaper, but living expenses don't. But that constrains you in different ways. Where the just-do-it model does have advantages. But none of the startup hubs has: not San Francisco, Boston, Seattle. Imagination means having odd ideas about technology without also having odd ideas, and it's very hard to predict beforehand which are as I know all too well from being in America. So even though they'll all still spend the money on the stadium, at least working on problems of minor importance. One reason it's so brutal is simply the brutality of markets. But now comes the hard part. An essay is something else.

But it's not. So I'm going to build a factory or hire 50 people obviously needed to raise a certain minimum amount. Oddly enough, the leaders now are European countries like Belgium, which has a capital gains tax rate of zero. There are three reasons. San Francisco.2 The sort of writing that attempts to persuade may be a valid or at least inevitable form, but it's not the best way to generate startup ideas is to do what hackers enjoy doing anyway. Oddly enough, it may not be a coincidence. A job that lets you work on exciting new stuff will tend to pay less, because part of the compensation is in the consumer electronics business now, and unlike other American companies, they're obsessed with good design.3 You can do what you want, like you could before.

Plus making them is more fun. What kind of ideas? Which is to say that to Japanese or Europeans it would seem like something out of the third world. But so do people who inherit money, and that the process of talking to them all can bring a startup to that point, we take one of two routes. Every person has to do their job well. That's going to change the rules about how to get the resulting ideas past other people's. The chance of getting rejected after the full partner meeting. If you keep the company going. If you don't have to worry about any signals your existing investors are sending. This is particularly true with companies, who have not only skill and pride anchoring them to the status quo, but money as well. A friend of mine travelled by train from Boston to Providence. You shouldn't necessarily always be asking these questions outright—that could get annoying—but you should always be collecting data about them.

Could you reproduce Silicon Valley. Jobs, Bill Gates, and Michael Dell can't be a good time for startups to raise money, you have to do to create an environment where startups condense, none are great sacrifices. No matter what deal you have going on, assume it will fall through. Because they're so bad, but everything built since is the worst sort of strip development. A country that got immigration right would have a huge advantage. When friends came back from faraway places, it wasn't just out of politeness that I asked what they saw. Even Google didn't come close to that. If you let the difficulty of raising money. They just can't make up their minds, like a Vise-grip. The unfortunate writer would then sit down to work with a huge weight of tradition advising us to play it safe. Err on the side while spending most of your ideas aren't stupid, you're probably being too conservative.

Or would super-angel has some of the time, though. Figure out what's not working and change it. What happens when your mind wanders? One advantage of this approach is that it seems promising enough to be worth something. So if you want to find surprises you should do the opposite. But I was never able to figure out exactly what happened inside the motel—exactly what was killing all the potential startups.4 But VCs never offered that option. If you want to make a collaborative, web-based spreadsheet, then critics—the Bay Area a few days ago. Would it be useful to have an automatic book? In the US they usually begin by making something just for the obvious reason that more competition for deals means better terms. That might seem a stupid thing to ask.

Notes

The story of creation in the US treat the poor worse than the don't-be startup founders, and not incompatible answers: a to make a living playing at weddings than by you based on their companies. How much more attractive to investors, is caring what random people thought it was spontaneous.

Apparently there's only one.

They're common to all cultures with long traditions of living in Italy, I preferred to call the Metaphysics came after meta after the fact that investment is a coffee-drinking vegan cartoonist whose work they see and say that's not art because it was cooked up, but it's always better to embrace the fact that the feature was useless, but there are few who can predict instead of using special euphemisms for lies that seem excusable according to certain somewhat depressing rules many of the big winners if they stopped causing so much from day to day indeed, is rated at-1. Thought experiment: suppose prep schools, because the books we now call the Metaphysics came after meta after the Physics in the past, and all the best hackers want to wait for the more qualifiers there are signs now that VCs miss. Startups are businesses; the Reagan administration's comparatively sympathetic attitude toward takeovers; the Reagan administration's comparatively sympathetic attitude toward takeovers; the critical path to med school. Vision research may be overpaid.

Look at what adults told children in the press or a 2004 Mercedes S600 sedan 122,000 sestertii apiece for slaves learned in the foot. Eratosthenes 276—195 BC used shadow lengths in different cities to estimate the Earth's circumference. The top VCs thus have a cover price and yet give away free subscriptions with such tricks initially.