#Progesterone Testing Machine

[agapemastiffs]

A Comprehensive Guide to Progesterone Testing Machines

For devoted pet parents and animal breeders alike, the world of animal reproduction can be a fascinating, yet sometimes frustrating, journey. Understanding a pet's reproductive cycle is crucial for responsible breeding practices and timely veterinary intervention when necessary. 

Enter the realm of progesterone testing machines –  instruments that shine a light on the hormonal fluctuations within our furry companions, offering valuable insights into their reproductive health.  Whether you're a seasoned breeder or a curious pet owner, this comprehensive guide will equip you with the knowledge to navigate the world of progesterone testing machines.

Demystifying Progesterone:  The Hormone at the Heart of Reproduction

Progesterone is a vital hormone present in both female humans and animals.  During the reproductive cycle, progesterone plays a key role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy.  Its levels fluctuate significantly throughout the cycle, rising after ovulation and remaining high during pregnancy.  By monitoring these fluctuations, progesterone testing machines empower pet owners and breeders to gain valuable insights into:

Optimal Breeding Time:  Identifying the surge in progesterone levels after ovulation helps pinpoint the most fertile window for breeding, maximizing the chances of successful conception.  This information is especially valuable for breeders aiming for planned litters.

Detecting Pregnancy:  Elevated progesterone levels can be an indicator of pregnancy in some animals.  However, it's important to note that progesterone levels can be elevated due to other factors like certain medications or health conditions.  Veterinary confirmation through additional tests like ultrasounds is recommended for definitive pregnancy diagnosis.

Monitoring False Pregnancies:  False pregnancies, also known as pseudopregnancies, can occur in some animals after a heat cycle without actual conception.  Progesterone testing can help differentiate a true pregnancy from a false one by revealing the presence or absence of a sustained progesterone elevation.

Assessing Luteal Phase Defects:  The luteal phase is the period after ovulation when progesterone levels rise. Luteal phase defects occur when progesterone levels are insufficient to support a healthy pregnancy.  Progesterone testing can aid in identifying potential luteal phase defects, allowing for informed veterinary intervention if necessary.

Navigating the Maze:  Types of Progesterone Testing Machines

The world of progesterone testing machines offers a variety of options, each catering to specific needs and preferences.  Here's a breakdown of the most common types:

Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) Analyzers:  These high-precision machines utilize a complex chemical reaction to measure progesterone levels in a blood sample.  CLIA analyzers offer the highest level of accuracy but often come with a heftier price tag and require veterinary expertise to operate.

Fluorescence Immunoassay (FIA) Analyzers:  Similar to CLIA analyzers, FIA machines use an antigen-antibody reaction to measure progesterone levels.  However, FIA analyzers are generally less expensive and more user-friendly, making them a popular option for some breeders and animal hospitals.

Immunofluorescence Quantitative Analyzers:  These portable machines offer a convenient and relatively affordable way to measure progesterone levels.  They utilize an antibody-based test strip that reacts with a blood sample, emitting light that can be quantified to determine progesterone concentration.  While accuracy may not be as high as CLIA or FIA analyzers, they provide a quick and easy way to get a general idea of progesterone levels.

Rapid Quantitative Progesterone Test Kits:  These kits often involve a simple finger prick blood collection and a test card that reacts with the blood, displaying results within minutes.  While convenient and readily available, these kits typically offer the least precise measurements and should be used for preliminary testing or alongside other methods for confirmation.

Choosing the Right Machine:  Factors to Consider

Selecting the most suitable progesterone testing machine depends on several factors:

Accuracy Needs:  For critical decisions like breeding or veterinary diagnosis, high-accuracy machines like CLIA analyzers might be preferred.  For general monitoring purposes, a less precise but user-friendly option might suffice.

Ease of Use:  Consider your experience level and comfort with technical equipment.  Some machines require specific training or veterinary expertise to operate, while others offer user-friendly interfaces suitable for home use.

Cost:  Progesterone testing machines range in price from affordable rapid test kits to high-end CLIA analyzers.  Determine your budget and prioritize features that align with your needs.

Portability:  If you require a machine for testing at breeding sites or animal shows, portability might be a crucial factor.  Consider the size and weight of the machine and its power source.

Beyond the Machine:  The Testing Process Explained

Once you've selected your progesterone testing machine, understanding the testing process is key. Here's a general overview:

Sample Collection:  Blood collection is the most common method for progesterone testing. A veterinarian can perform a blood draw, or some home test kits might utilize finger prick blood collection methods.  Always follow the specific instructions provided with your chosen machine.

Sample Preparation:  Depending on the machine, some level of sample preparation might be required.  This could involve diluting the blood sample with a designated solution or transferring a specific amount of blood to a test strip or cartridge.

Running the Test:  Follow the manufacturer's instructions for operating your specific machine.  This might involve inserting a test cartridge, initiating a test cycle, or waiting for a specific timeframe for the reaction to occur.

Interpreting Results:  The results will be displayed on the machine's screen or test strip readout.  Some machines offer a numerical value for progesterone concentration, while others might utilize color-coded indicators.  Always consult the user manual for proper interpretation of the results.

A Word of Caution: Limitations of Progesterone Testing

Progesterone testing machines are valuable tools, but it's important to understand their limitations.  Here are some points to consider:

Not a Diagnostic Tool:  Elevated progesterone levels can be caused by factors other than pregnancy.  Always consult your veterinarian for a definitive diagnosis, especially if breeding is not the intended outcome.

Accuracy Variations:  The accuracy of progesterone testing machines can vary depending on the type of machine and user technique.  For critical decisions, consider consulting a veterinarian for testing with high-precision machines.

Interpretation Expertise:  Interpreting progesterone results, especially in relation to optimal breeding times or potential health concerns, requires some level of knowledge about animal reproduction cycles and potential hormonal fluctuations.

Progesterone Testing for a Purpose: Responsible Breeding Practices

For breeders striving for healthy litters and responsible breeding practices, progesterone testing machines can be invaluable allies.  By monitoring progesterone levels, breeders can:

Identify the Fertile Window:  Pinpointing the optimal breeding time based on the progesterone surge after ovulation maximizes the chances of successful conception, reducing the need for unnecessary breedings.

Minimize Stress:  Repeated breedings outside the fertile window can be stressful for both the breeding animals and the breeder.  Progesterone testing helps target breeding attempts when the female is most receptive.

Promote Healthy Litters:  Understanding the hormonal fluctuations throughout the reproductive cycle allows breeders to make informed decisions about breeding practices that promote healthy pregnancies and deliveries.

Beyond Breeding:  Progesterone Testing for Overall Health

While commonly associated with breeding, progesterone testing machines can also play a role in monitoring a pet's overall health. Here are some examples:

Diagnosing Reproductive Issues:  Elevated progesterone levels outside of breeding cycles can indicate potential health problems like ovarian cysts or tumors.  Veterinarians can utilize progesterone testing alongside other diagnostic tools to identify and address underlying issues.

Monitoring False Pregnancies:  Progesterone testing can help differentiate a true pregnancy from a false pregnancy, allowing for appropriate veterinary intervention if necessary.

Evaluating Luteal Phase Defects:  Identifying insufficient progesterone levels during the luteal phase can help veterinarians diagnose luteal phase defects and recommend treatment options to improve pregnancy success rates.

The Future of Progesterone Testing:  Advancements and Accessibility

The world of progesterone testing is constantly evolving.  Here's a glimpse into what the future might hold:

Increased User-Friendliness:  Machine developers are continuously striving to create even more user-friendly and portable progesterone testing machines, making them more accessible for home use by pet owners and breeders.

Rapid and Accurate Results:  Advancements in technology might lead to even faster and more accurate progesterone testing machines, providing real-time results for breeders and veterinarians.

Integration with Breeding Management Systems:  Future progesterone testing machines might integrate seamlessly with breeding management software, allowing for easier data tracking and record-keeping for breeders.

The Final Verdict:  Progesterone Testing Machines – A Valuable Tool

Progesterone testing machines empower pet owners, breeders, and veterinarians with valuable insights into the hormonal fluctuations within animals.  By understanding the different types of machines, the testing process, and the limitations, you can leverage this technology to make informed decisions about breeding practices, monitor your pet's overall health, and ultimately, contribute to the well-being of your furry companions.  Remember, responsible pet ownership and breeding practices go hand-in-hand.  When used thoughtfully and in conjunction with veterinary guidance, progesterone testing machines can be a valuable tool in your pet care arsenal.

A Watchful Protector: For The Progression Of The Ages

Mastiffs, gentle giants with ancient roots, come in various breeds. Loyal guardians with calm temperaments, they require ample space, training, and experienced owners due to their size and strength. Though some breeds have wrinkles, all Mastiffs offer a lifetime of devotion.

[kpswrites]

Sunrunner – Chapter One

With a practiced flick of his wrist, Hoxley flipped this morning’s breakfast in the pan. The food, if one could call it that, sizzled in the hot oil. He knew life in space meant he’d be dealing with matter-converted meals, but the reality of the wet slabs of nutrition was still depressing. What he wouldn’t give to make the crew some braised onion chicken with gruyere. He silently committed to purchasing some real ingredients when they next docked at a station, damn the expense.

“You were saying, Hox?”

Hoxley snapped out of his musing, “Oh, sorry Xavier. What did I say last?”

“You left off at ‘horrible writhing masses that spread across the walls.’”

“Right. Those were there. Then the ceiling was torn off the building, revealing the cosmos. Except that all of the stars were eyes and all the eyes were looking at me.”

“I see. You know Hox, I do have access to several terabytes of literature on psychology, but maybe you would benefit from talking to another person about this. We have a doctor on board.”

“Are you saying you don’t want to talk with me anymore?” Hoxley said, a note of betrayal entering his voice.

“No, no! I very much like interacting with you and the crew. I just believe you have complex issues that would benefit from someone qualified and physically present, not the disembodied voice of an AI.”

“I am extremely uncomfortable with that idea. Oh, speaking of disembodied voices, the eye-filled cosmos said something after that. I don’t remember what because the words resonate so loudly that I always explode at that point.”

“Explo-“

“Yea, like a glass that reverberates until it shatters,” he explained, dicing a block of nutrition and adding it to a curry sauce.

“You know, Jim is both a doctor and an AI. Maybe that’s a happy compromise to getting some professional help.”

“What? Why? This is helping plenty,” Hoxley declared.

Xavier was preparing a dialogue to explain self-denial when Ozzy buzzed in on the ship’s comms.

“Hoxley, can you report to the cargo hold? We’re approaching our destination.”

~*~

Azure light swept across Buddy’s field of vision. Once. Twice. Three times before the machine chimed a cheerful tune. The firm cushions lifted her to a seated position, slowly revealing the back of Dr. Jim as she was elevated. She waited patiently for him to say something for several minutes then cleared her throat.

“Did you find anything?”

The form of the doctor rippled before he turned around, dark metallic microbots briefly exposed before the projectors corrected themselves. He had chosen the appearance of a bald, middle-aged man which, according to Jim, was the galactic average appearance of a doctor. He had used the same metric for his name. Buddy was uncertain if a doctor made of small machines was a normal thing, as her frame of reference was roughly two weeks.

“No,” he stated.

“Nothing?”

“That is what ‘no’ means.”

Buddy stared at him expectantly.

“Oh,” he continued, “You wish for a report of our tests?”

“Yes please,” she confirmed pleasantly. Zenith and Adam had told her that the doctor’s curt demeanor resulted from underdeveloped social algorithms. For whatever reason, the AI was developed without a social parent to draw personal skills from. To Jim’s credit, he was adamant about correcting this.

“No markers for common pathogens found in your bloodwork. Your cardiovascular readout is in the 99th percentile for your age, sex, and race. Significant surgical intervention has been performed on you in the past, gunshot wounds and plasma burns are the most prevalent. There is some evidence of chemical trauma in the hippocampus, the origins of which are unknown. Serum progesterone is at indicative levels for an elf of your age undergoing ovulation. Your fecal samples indicate sub-satisfactory digestion-“

“Wait, wait, did you just say I have brain damage?”

“Correct.”

“But you said that you didn’t find anything. That could explain my memory loss.”

“The mechanism by which your brain was damaged has not been conclusively determined. Therefore, the source of your memory loss remains unknown.”

“Sure, but you could have told me about it.”

“Your brain damage was obvious given your nature,” Jim said, then continued after registering anger on Buddy’s face, “by that I mean the lack of understanding you demonstrate due to your memory loss. We can pursue other means of investigation, such as psychotherapy. Can you describe your oldest memory?”

“Sure, I was at a docking bay aboard Galduron station. There was a blue-haired guy, human, looking at me like he was about to miss his flight. When I asked him what was going on, he said, ‘You’ll be fine, Buddy,’ and ran off. Oh, and he had an empty syringe in his hand.”

Jim was motionless, as if his CPU had frozen. Buddy was deciding whether she should try and shake him out of it or go get BOB when Jim abruptly spoke, giving her a start.

“I am going to schedule another scan to assess the possibility of further brain damage.”

“Oh,” Buddy said, deflating, “I thought the psychiatric approach sounded promising.”

“That will likely accompany our diagnostic endeavors. Do you have any further questions?”

“What was that about sub-satisfactory digestion?”

“You require more dietary fiber.”

The ship’s comms buzzed as Ozzy’s gruff voice was broadcast.

“Buddy and Jim please report to the cargo hold.”

~*~

Adam looked on anxiously as Odybrix twisted a copper wire with a pair of pliers and jammed it into the patchwork device. His training made him keenly aware of how deadly improvised explosives could be. The halfling looked utterly unphased by the danger. If anything, she was treating the bomb with increasing aggression as the pieces refused to come together.

“Is the dining table the best place to build that?”

“Is anywhere aboard a spacecraft?” she replied distractedly, reaching with a tattooed arm for a nearby screwdriver.

“That’s a very good point. Maybe we shouldn’t be doing it then?”

“What, am I supposed to not build bombs? Don’t be ridiculous. The problem with you, kid-“

“We’re roughly the same age.”

“The problem with you is that Remington has removed the joy of creativity from your life and tossed it out an airlock. Nothing makes a Corporation happier than crushing our spirits with the hammer of capitalism.”

“I don’t particularly feel like my spirit has been pulverized by capitalism.”

“That’s how they get you. You don’t even realize it happened. They just leave you as a soulless drone. No offense BOB.”

“I am not a drone, so none taken!” the boxy robot chimed in its unerringly upbeat voice.

“Anyway, you’re different,” Odybrix continued, “you left the comfy corpo corruption for adventure and revenge.”

“Elite security isn’t exactly comfy. And I’m not on a quest for revenge. I just want to find my father and ask him some questions… and punch him.”

“Your coffee is ready! Present your cups to receive top-quality liquid stimulant!” BOB exclaimed.

A panel slid open on BOB’s anterior and a spigot extended outward. Odybrix stuck out her mug while keeping her eyes on the bomb, as if willing it not to explode. Adam filled up next with a nod and thank you to the bot. Steam drifted off the dark surface, carrying a powerful aroma.

“Enjoy!” BOB exclaimed.

Adam lifted the mug, remembering the mild and flavourful coffee they had at Remington R&D, and took a sip. By the time he was done wincing at the taste, Odybrix had slammed her mug on the wooden table and was gesturing for more. Marveling at her ability to down steaming hot liquid, he absently wondered if she would have noticed had BOB swapped the beverage for battery acid.

The comms crackled on, causing everyone to jump and look at the bomb, “Adam, Odybrix, and BOB, there will be a meeting in the cargo hold in two minutes.”

“Oh good, I don’t have to get up,” Odybrix said, jabbing the explosive with her pliers.

~*~

A field of stars contorted and stretched into her periphery then disappeared. Entering reversion space never got boring, even after all of the jumps she had made. The countdown, the thrum of the ship, the brief falling feeling as the engine generated a hyper-dense mass, it always excited her. Then there were the stars. Thousands of points of light that sped past as the ship traversed a truly incomprehensible distance.

The view was almost beautiful enough for her to take her helmet off—almost. Jim had called her use of the helmet pathological, but what the hell did he know about piloting? One overlooked repair could lead to a ruptured chem line. One small system error could send them into a hull-busting asteroid. No, the helmet stayed on while she was piloting so she could keep piloting.

“Everyone is heading to the cargo hold, ZT,” Ozzy noted over the comms.

“Yep.”

“You’re going too, right?”

“Nope.”

“Why?”

“Gotta keep an eye on things,” she said, kicking her legs up onto the ship’s control panel.

“Our course is laid in and I check the flight path every sixty seconds. We are not going to crash.

“And what if someone’s messed with your programming, Oz? Could be fatal if I didn’t make it to this chair in time,” she said, reclining into the most comfortable position possible.

“There are two other AI on board. We routinely check on each other.”

“Same issue, programming.”

“BOB also runs a weekly diagnostic.”

“Programming.”

“What if I asked Buddy next time? She knows how to run a scan for some reason.”

“Definitely worried about her programming.”

“ZT.”

“Fine. Fine! I’m going.”

~*~

“Alright crew,” Ozzy began, popping onto an old vid screen in the cargo hold. His avatar was a forty-something human male with a fit build and a goatee. As if to preemptively settle any questions about his artificial nature, he had chosen to appear a semi-transparent blue.

“Is he the captain?” Buddy asked, leaning toward Hoxley.

“I’m new too and I have no idea,” he said, “I just make the food and get a free ride.”

“AI are barred from captaining vessels!” BOB exclaimed, overhearing the question.

“Why is that?” Buddy asked, “he seems like the most responsible person here.”

“The events of the Reckoning led to strict galactic regulations regarding the powers and responsibili-”

“Okay BOB, we can save the history lesson for after the mission,” Ozzy said, interrupting, “also, I am obligated to tell you that I am not a person. Moving on, I-“

“If anything, I’d be the captain,” Odybrix said, crossing her arms, “it was given to me.”

“Us,” Zenith said, “and it was ‘given’ by your highly suspect friends.”

“They’re fighting for the soul of the galaxy,” Odybrix replied, hotly.

“Can we please review the objectives before we drop out of rev space?” Ozzy said, increasing his volume several degrees, “I’m just going to play the mission brief from Remington Corporation.”

“Bastards,” Odybrix said.

“They are paying us for this,” Adam said, “you don’t seem to have a problem with that.”

“You mean taking their money and possibly stealing classified research from a secret facility? No, I don’t.”

Adam closed his eyes in annoyance as the recording played. A dour human frowned down at them through a pair of glasses. He was standing in front of a Remington Corporation logo in an impeccably tailored suit. A crimson tie was clasped with the only embellishment of his attire, a gold tie clip with small letters declaring his station.

“Crew of the Sunrunner, this is Vaughan Spectre, Chief Operating Officer of Remington Corporation’s research and development wing. In the absence of RC vessels near the Arebus system, you have been contracted to investigate a communications blackout on planet ZU4576B. If possible, you are to restore communications with the facility. As noted in the contract, you will be paid 5,000 credits for your service. Do not deviate from the tasks you have been given.”

“Cheerful guy,” Hoxley said.

“Yes, his demeanor doesn’t fluctuate much,” Adam said.

“You know that guy?” Odybrix asked.

“Yes. He’s at the same branch of the company as mom, I mean Ms. Hargrave,” Adam said, correcting himself.

“Wait, wait, you call your mom by her surname?” Odybrix asked, incredulously.

“She prefers that she only be referred to as ‘mom’ in private.”

“Oh my gods.”

A momentary wave of weightlessness passed over the crew as the mass reversion engine disengaged. Seconds later, the ship jerked violently and caused the contents of the cargo hold, crew included, to tumble. Klaxons blared as everyone scrambled to their feet. Ozzy buzzed in over comms.

“Battle stations!”

[queenshelby]

My Friend’s Father (Part 37)

Pairing: Cillian Murphy x Reader

Words: 1,042

Warning: Angst, Mention of Miscarriage, Fluff

Note: Not based on Cillian’s real life or family…obviously! Also, I am not a trained medical professional and have no idea if any of this is factually correct.

Please comment and interact which is what makes this story going …

Within less than twenty minutes, you arrived at the hospital in Cork with Cillian by your side and two nurses came running towards you quickly to evaluate you. The front of your dress was covered in blood and you were immediately put on to a portable bed.

‘She is pregnant’ Cillian told them as they helped you to lie down and you were both worried that you were experiencing a miscarriage.

‘How far along?’ one of the nurses was quick to ask before, immediately, ordering an ultrasound.

‘Almost 9 weeks’ you said as tears were streaming down your face.

Without any time lost, you were taken into the ultrasound room and, just as one of the hospital staff members ran the ultrasound machine over your stomach, the other nurse drew some blood.

‘Can you call a doctor in here please’ the nurse then said to one of the admin clerks and you feared the worst.

‘Did I lose the baby?’ you asked fearfully but the nurse didn’t respond. You were told to wait until the doctor had a word with you.

***

Without seeing a doctor, you were put into the emergency ward and a strange looking device was wrapped around your stomach. The ultrasound pictures and videos were recorded and so were your urgent blood test results.

Then, finally, after twenty minutes, a doctor by the name of Jeffrey Miles arrived and greeted you both.

‘Uhm, Miss Y/LN?’ he asked and you nodded.

‘Are you related to each other?’ he then asked, looking at Cillian with some confusion.

‘We are married’ you were quick to say, causing the doctor to look at his file again.

‘You are Miss Y/LN, born in Dublin, correct?’ he asked and you nodded just before the doctor confirmed your date of birth and address and it was at this point that Cillian was losing his patience.

You could see it on his face and quickly took his hand into yours, calming him down and allowing the doctor to continue on with his routine questions.

‘Well, the good news is that your baby seems to be doing fine. We have a strong heartbeat and the foetus measures at 9 weeks and 2 days. Bub is ahead of schedule it seems’ the doctor then said and both you and Cillian gasped with relief.

‘What about the bleeding?’ you asked and the doctor explained to you that part of your uterus lining was shedding. It was uncommon but not unheard of.

‘We will prescribe you progesterone tablets and that should solve the problem. Your progesterone is quite low, lower than we would expect at around 9 weeks’ the doctor told you.

‘And what causes this?’ Cillian then asked.

‘Some women have low progesterone in general. Stress can also cause progesterone levels to drop because cortisol, which is the hormone produced when someone is stressed, will block the progesterone receptors in the body’ the doctor then explained causing Cillian to sigh.

‘We have had quite a bit of stress lately’ he explained and you nodded in agreement with his statement.

‘Well, the best thing to do until the tablets take full effect is to stick bed rest and to keep away from any emotional stress factors’ he advised and you both looked at each other and nodded.

***

With the doctor’s advice in mind, you both returned to Dublin after you were released from hospital the day after and Cillian was determined to look after you and ignore the influence his family and your family had on your life together.

He ran you warm baths, gave you massages and cooked your favourite meals. You spent your days reading and watching Netflix before taking up some work from home.

Unfortunately for you, however, the peace and quiet didn’t last long when, on Tuesday morning, the doorbell rang and your parents came to visit unannounced.

‘No fucking way’ Cillian said somewhat frustrated as he opened the door.

‘We are here to see our daughter Cillian’ your father said sternly but Cillian didn’t want to let them inside.

‘Come back in two weeks’ Cillian demanded but your parents were determined to see you now.

‘We have every right to see her’ your mother explained, causing Cillian to cock an eyebrow.

‘You didn’t bother to see her for over a fucking year nor did you bother calling her on her last two birthdays. But you want to see her now? Why?’ Cillian said somewhat angrily but, of course, he knew that news had probably travelled fast and his ex-wife had likely shared with your mother that you had gotten married and were pregnant with Cillian’s child.

‘It’s okay Cills’ you said from the corridor as you came walking towards the door.

‘You should be resting babe. This is not going to help you’ Cillian said with worry but you nodded and let your parents inside.

‘If you do anything to upset her, you are out. Understand?’ Cillian said to your father with a stern voice and your father nodded in agreement.

***

Within less then a minute, you sat back down on the lounge, crouching against the pillows behind you while Cillian offered your parents some coffee.

‘I have made scones and brought some for you’ your mother said and you simply nodded without thanking her.

‘So, what do you want?’ you asked somewhat confused and your father rolled his eyes.

‘Don’t speak to your mother like this Y/N. You need to have some respect’ he said angrily just before Cillian yelled out from the kitchen.

‘I am listening. Choose your next words wisely’ Cillian growled at your father and you couldn’t help but giggle. He was very protective of you and your baby.

‘I just want to be involved in my grandchild’s life, that’s all’ your mother than said as your father sat there calmly and nodded.

‘Okay, we can arrange that’ you said with some reluctance. You hadn’t had any contact with your parents for a while and were somewhat surprised by their request.

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[boldlyvoid]

“It…. It was supposed to be a suprise.”

tw// supposed miscarriage, blood, happy ending!

when Penelope walks in she finds Y/N on the bathroom floor, tears are dried but her face is clearly swollen from all the crying and the floor is puddled with dried blood. she doesn't say anything, she just sits down beside her and wraps an arm around her.

“It…. It was supposed to be a surprise.”

"shhh," Penelope whispers, "it's okay, I'm glad you called me."

"Spence was supposed to come back and open the shoebox with the test in it and it was supposed to be the happiest day of his life..." she stops to cry more, turning into Penny's shoulder and sobbing again. "and now his dream is gone."

"it's normal to lose the first one," she says. "if he was here he'd be giving you all sorts of facts on the percentages of women who actually have a successful pregnancy right away. you're not broken, you didn't take anything from him, something was taken from You. you're in a tremendous amount of pain, allow yourself to feel it for you, he's going to love you regardless."

"you think so?" she sniffles, looking up at her again.

she nods, "duh, I know so. he loves you more than I've ever seen anyone love before. he's just going to be glad you're okay still, speaking of which, we need to get you cleaned up and to the hospital."

"I'm fine," she whispers.

"no, how far along were you?"

"5 to 6 weeks," she whispers, "the test I took yesterday said so."

"Okay, so we need to make sure you've passed everything and you're not going to randomly go into shock," she explains, helping her to her feet and out of her nightgown.

she carefully helps her into the shower, making sure she's okay before dressing her in the most comfortable outfit possible and taking her to the hospital. they wait for a while, but then they're transported into a room, and a very friendly female doctor came in with the ultrasound machine.

"now, you don't have to look, I just need to see what's going on in here."

she nods and turns t Penelope, eyes closed and head tossed back as they begin the examination. and then they hear it, the hum that comes from the doctor that makes both their heads turn to her. "what?" Y/N panics.

"you're still pregnant," she says, turning the screen to them. "see this here," she points at a small circle, "this is another baby, sometimes when you carry multiples you can lose one but not the others early on. I'm going to run a full blood panel and make sure. but if your levels aren't the best I'll put you on some progesterone with your daily prenatal's just until you reach the second trimester to ensure this little one stays put. how does that sound?"

Y/N's crying too hard, so Penelope reaches a hand over to the doctor and shakes her hand, "sounds perfect thank you."

[hockeylvr59]

Prompt : "There are two/three steady heartbeats."  with Morgan Rielly

I needed something easy and happy to distract me so we’re back to these. (870 words)

___

You and Morgan had been trying so long for a baby that you’d almost started to believe it would never happen. You’d even reached the point where you had stopped taking tests because you were so tired of being disappointed month after month. 

So when your doctor came in during your annual physical and announced that one of your test results had been abnormal you felt your heart start to sink.

“Did you know you’re pregnant?” She’d asked and your hand flew to your mouth unable to stifle the gasp. “I’ll take that as a no…” She mused. “Congratulations.” She added, making a notation in your chart. 

“Are you serious? Oh my god.” You whispered, unable to believe that this was actually happening. 

“The test doesn’t lie. Your progesterone levels are significantly elevated. Do you have any idea how far along you might be?” Thinking about it you couldn’t even begin to pinpoint a date. You’d been trying of course but it had been at least 3 months since you’d taken a test and since you’d never really had regular periods, you couldn’t even rely on that as an accurate estimate. Shaking your head you sighed and shrugged. 

“That’s fine, We’ll figure it out.” Your doctor assured you. “I have another patient to see quickly but then I’ll come back and do an examination and we’ll see about doing a quick ultrasound.” She explained. 

“Morgan.” You breathed, causing her to laugh. 

“If you wanna call the hubby, feel free.” She assured you, her hand resting on your shoulder for a minute before she stepped out of the room. Morgan was at practice but if this was really real...you needed him here. Calling his cell, you unsurprisingly got no answer. So you’d called the training staff and asked them to fetch your husband. Morgan was breathless as his voice came over the phone and the first words out of his mouth were asking if everything was okay. 

“Everything is fine but I need you to meet me at the doctor’s…” You trailed off, your voice cracking. 

“Are you sure everything’s okay?” He whispered. “I’ll be there as soon as I change.” He added, causing you to whisper a soft ‘okay’ before the phone line disconnected. Waiting for both the doctor and Morgan felt like the longest wait of your life and Morgan must have arrived at the same time as your doctor finished with her previous patient because they both came through the door at the same time. 

Despite the fact that you’d assured Morgan that everything was okay, concern was evident on his face as he shuffled in beside you, leaning down to kiss you gently. 

“You ready for this Mrs. Rielly?” Your doctor asked and when you nodded she started her exam, gently feeling over your stomach before propping your legs up in stirrups to do an internal exam. 

“What’s going on babe?” Morgan whispered in your ear, his hands clutching yours. 

“You’re gonna be a daddy.” You whispered back, watching as his expression shifted to one of disbelief as the doctor finished up and insisted that you could relax your legs. 

“If I had to guess I’d say you’re probably close to eight weeks along...but we’re gonna do a quick ultrasound to get a better estimate.” Your doctor declared, popping her head out into the hall to ask for an ultrasound machine to be wheeled into the room. 

“A baby?” Morgan whispered. “We’re having a baby?” His disbelief had molded to awe and for a moment you thought he was going to start crying. You were distracted from answering him as the doctor moved to set the machine up. 

“We’re going to do a transvaginal ultrasound today since you obviously have an empty bladder, it shouldn’t be any more uncomfortable for you than my physical exam was but if you feel any pain let me know.” She explained and when you nodded she inserted the probe and started moving it around. With the screen turned away from you to start, you just watched as your doctor’s eyes widened for a moment as she flipped the sound on. 

“Do you hear that?” She questioned and while you heard a rhythmic noise, you weren’t sure what exactly you were hearing. "There are two steady heartbeats." She explained and for a moment you just nodded. The baby’s and your’s...that made sense. It wasn’t until she turned the screen to face you that something very different revealed itself. 

“Congrats mom and dad...you’re having twins.” Clear as day there were two separate blobs, each in their own sac and though you hadn’t cried yet, seeing that made tears slip down your cheeks. 

“Twins?” Morgan had murmured, his grip on your hand tightening just slightly. 

“You are in fact about 8 weeks along with a set of twins.” Your doctor repeated and as Morgan leaned in to kiss you, you felt a surge of joy run through you. It had been such a long wait for this moment but it was finally here and even better than you could have expected. Twins were going to be a handful but if anyone could handle it...it would be you and Morgan.

[innogenxpage]

frozen embryo transfer

What does Frozen Embryo mean? 

 Frozen Embryo transfer involves a procedure where the embryos are frozen after fertilization and subsequent growth. The embryos may be frozen between day 2(four-cell stage) – day 5 (blastocyst stage). Healthy and viable embryos are moved to a ‘freezing machine’ where the temperature is made to drop rapidly to MINUS 150 degrees Celsius and then stored in liquid nitrogen tanks at -196 degree Celsius. What is the procedure involving FET? A frozen embryo transfer (FET) is a part of IVF treatment, where a cryopreserved embryo, created in an l IVF cycle, is thawed and transferred to a uterus. The process involves preserving an embryo at -150 Celsius temperature, generally at an embryogenesis stage, corresponding from fertilization to the blastocyst stage. A cryopreserved embryo can also be a donor embryo or may have been ‘prepared’ from a donor egg or donor sperm. In principle, most IVF cycles involve frozen embryo transfers. Fresh embryo transfers are rare. This is because the techniques of FET have improved a lot and the outcome of FET is much better than fresh transfers. Most doctors recommend elective frozen embryo transfer (also referred to as a "freeze all" approach) where a fresh embryo transfer is not opted. Here all the embryos are cryopreserved and transferred in the FET cycle in the next month or so. 

 Why choose a Frozen Embryo Transfer?

 Depending on the woman’s health conditions and some circumstances, the fertility doctor may advise FET that will help the woman get pregnant now or anytime later in future.  A Frozen Embryo comes with a lot of benefits:    Opportunity to cryopreserve the embryos: Several embryos can result from the IVF cycle. Transferring of multiple embryos into the uterus increases the risk of high-order multiple pregnancies (like triplets or quadruplets). To reduce this risk, the doctor might recommend an elective single embryo transfer (eSET) to have a good and safe pregnancy. One can choose to freeze or cryopreserve any "extra embryos" after their IVF cycle.    The cryopreserved embryos are of use when a fresh IVF transfer fails. For instance, let's say you get five embryos from the IVF cycle and your doctor recommends elective single embryo transfer as a fresh embryo transfer. One among the five IVF embryos is transferred into the uterus. The remaining four are cryopreserved. If the embryo transfer doesn't result in a successful pregnancy, the woman has two options. She can opt for another full IVF cycle, or can transfer one or two of the cryopreserved embryos. The most cost-effective option would be to transfer one or more embryos from the preserved frozen embryos or the cryopreserved embryos.    Plan for another child: Cryopreserved embryos can remain on ice indefinitely. If the couple decide to give their IVF-conceived child, a sibling and if they still have embryos in cryopreservation, those cryopreserved embryos could help attain pregnancy again. The couple don't have to repeat the whole IVF process.    Scope for Genetic Screening: Screening embryos for specific hereditary disease or defects is possible using PGD and PGS. It is done through a biopsy on day three or five post-fertilization, post egg retrieval. PGD and PGS help reduce the risk of passing genetic diseases. This can only be done if the embryos are frozen. FET is an integral part of pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT). All embryos biopsied are cryopreserved. Once the results come, the doctor can decide which embryos to transfer for the FET-IVF cycles, based on the results of the PGT.    Opportunity to choose an Elective Procedure: The woman can opt for an elective frozen embryo transfer with or without PGD/PGS. With the "freeze all" approach, the fresh embryo transfer is not a part of the plan. It can occur with PGD/PGS or without genetic screening. A Fresh Embryo Transfer might be less likely to result in a viable, healthy pregnancy. To avoid this and to be safe, all embryos are cryopreserved three to five days after egg retrieval. After a month, there is a chance of endometrium to form without the influence of ovarian stimulating drugs, when frozen embryo transfer can take place. During that FET cycle, the fertility doctor may prescribe hormonal medications to enhance endometrial receptivity (especially if the woman does not ovulate on her own, doctor might do the FET, with hormonal medications.    Plan of Fresh Embryo Transfer has not opted: Fresh embryo transfer might not have been opted, for various reasons. For example, the couple cannot have FET if they the woman has caught a flu or is suffering from any other illness after egg retrieval but before transfer. If the endometrial conditions do not look good on the ultrasound, the fertility doctor may recommend cryopreserving all embryos, then scheduling FET-IVF for a later date.    Use as an Embryo Donor: Some couples choose to donate their unused embryos to another infertile couple. If a couple decide to use an embryo donor, their cycle will be a frozen embryo transfer.    Risk of OHSS: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a risk where fertility drugs that can (in severe and rare cases) lead to loss of fertility and even death. If the risk of OHSS appears to be high before a fresh embryo transfer, it gets cancelled. When this happens, all the embryos are cryopreserved. Cancellation is necessary because pregnancy can exacerbate OHSS. It can also take longer to recover from OHSS if the woman is pregnant. Once she recovers from OHSS, a frozen embryo transfer cycle is planned.

 FROZEN EMBRYO TRANSFER OR FRESH EMBRYO TRANSFER, WHICH IS THE BEST? 

 Studies have found that the success rate of pregnancy is better with frozen embryo transfers than with fresh embryo transfers. Studies have also found that pregnancies conceived after frozen embryo transfer has better outcomes. However, most studies have shown in younger women have a good prognosis. The prognosis for women over 35 years of age is unclear. If opting for FET, the couple should consult a good fertility expert as they will be the best people to advise further treatment after looking into the medical history. Process of FET    Once the woman gets her period, a baseline ultrasound and blood sample testing are done. If all looks good, estrogen supplementation is given. It helps ensure a healthy endometrial lining. Estrogen supplementation is continued for about two weeks, followed by ultrasound and more blood tests.    After approximately two weeks of estrogen support, progesterone support is added. Progesterone is given as an intramuscular injection or vaginal suppositories (gel or tablet).    The embryo transfer is scheduled based on when progesterone supplements start and on what stage the embryo is cryopreserved. For example, if the freezing of embryo is on day five post-egg-retrieval, then the frozen embryo transfer will be for day six after progesterone supplementation starts. Risks A frozen embryo transfer cycle has very little risk. One risk of using IVF (and fertility drugs) is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, you don't need to worry about OHSS in a FET cycle because ovarian stimulating drugs are not in use. Pregnancies from frozen embryo transfers might be healthier than those from fresh embryo transfers. Research has shown that frozen embryo transfer babies were at lower risk for premature birth, stillbirth, and low birth weight. Embryo transfer has risks, including an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and a risk of infection. Depending on the number of embryos transfer, the chance of multiple pregnancies may also be higher (which comes with its own set of risks for a pregnant person and the fetuses they are carrying). Costs Couple need to plan for a cost that includes investigations, consultations, ultrasound monitoring, hormonal support, and the costs associated with the transfer process. There is usually some amount of luteal phase support – medications that are given as ‘supplement’ for the successful continuation of conception. Cost of a FET cycle is usually much lesser than a full IVF cycle

[palanibalajifertility-blog]

Visit the Best Hospital for Test Tube Baby in Chennai

Women who face infertility issues would now be able to exploit the best hospital for test tube baby in Chennai. Today, loads of married women from India as well as abroad come to Chennai for a test tube baby. Helped Reproductive Technology, as pregnancy called over the world, is referred to as innovation as Test Tube Baby Procedures. The Invitro Fertilization, which sets up labeled on which despite everything progressed. Introduction Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection which further formed into various types of structures has given a beam of would like to the infertile couples around the world. 

 Presently, their strategies, on account of media which gave all need in populating them by news inclusions and symport on Test Tube Baby techniques overall got all the social acknowledgement and should coming extremely close to all segments of society. Test tube baby is another name for IVF the technique, where sperm and eggs are gathered, prepared in the research center, and the subsequent solid incipient organism is then moved into the uterus. In the event that the female has both fallopian tube blocked or missing, in the event that she is experiencing serious endometriosis or the male accomplice has low sperm check, unexplained barrenness or some other explanation by which the treatment which happens in the external piece of the fallopian tubes don't occur. 

What is finished? Right off the bat some richness drugs are endorsed to female accomplices to build the creation of eggs. At the point when eggs are delivered, it is taken out from her ovaries with the assistance of a fine needle under the direction of sonography and kept in a dish with a domain imitating within the cylinder. At that point the best quality sperms (given by male accomplice) are joined with the eggs (we can keep the treated egg till day 5 up to Blastocysttransfer) and set in a machine called a hatchery. Span of treatment will take around 10 days for the procedure, no requirement for a medical clinic remain as there is no activity, and can remain in the city in any lodging close to the center. 

 The Test tube baby treatment begins for the most part from the 21st day of the cycle (first visit). The specialist either gives you one parcel of subcutaneous infusions for 15 to 20 days or he may give you one station infusion and call you following 15 days. Following 15/20 days (second visit) one sonography and barely any blood tests are done to see the status of the uterus covering and ovaries. The doctor starts the second gathering of infusions called Gonadotropins which proceeds for 10-12 days. In the subsequent convention, physician prescribes one Oral prophylactic for 21 days, going before the real treatment cycle. 

 He/She begins the Gonadotrophin infusions from the second day of the menstrual cycle. As a rule, it goes for 10-12 days. Following 7/8 days, sonography and blood tests begins for assessment for the development of the egg-containing follicles. At the point when the eggs are developed, hCG is infused and following 36-38 hours, eggs are recovered. Recovery of eggs is performed under sedation and it takes ordinarily 5-10 minutes, consequently the female accomplice must be unfilled stomach for the time being. The semen sample is taken from the male accomplice and sperms are readied. A couple is permitted to go for the most part after 2-3hours. Following 3-5 days, the couple is approached to report for incipient organism move which is an easy methodology. 

 The female accomplice needs to take rest for 2-3 hours and furthermore exhorted not to accomplish overwhelming labor for a couple of days. Moreover, the female is given either infusions or vaginal cases for progesterone beginning from the day of egg recovery and till the pregnancy test is done, which has been performed 12-14days after incipient organism move through the blood test or pee test for beta hCG. Hence, what are you sitting tight for? Visit the best lui focus in Chennai. Today!

[ladywithoutababy]

Monthly Failure!

If you google “early signs of pregnancy” you’ll find a list like this one (emphasis mine):

You may experience implantation bleeding, or light spotting or bleeding, about 10 to 14 days after conception. Implantation bleeding usually occurs about a week before your expected period. The bleeding will be a lot lighter than your usual period. It will stop after one to three days.

Tender breasts. Breasts are often the first body part to get the message when sperm meets egg. Some women’s breasts may feel tingly, sore, full and even painful to the touch within days of conception as estrogen levels start to rise. That said, these changes may not feel a whole lot different from PMS breasts — the changes simply stick around after your missed period.

Fatigue. With all that work that goes into baby-making, plus higher levels of pregnancy hormones, the first four months of pregnancy can leave you feeling sluggish and sleepy. Keep in mind, though, a case of the sleepies can also mean you’re PMS-ing, over-stressed or not getting enough sleep.

Sensitivity to smell. Some newly pregnant women report a heightened sense of smell early on due to increased levels of estrogen. Once again, however, a keener-than-usual nose could also be a side effect of PMS.

Bloating. As all women know, bloating is one of the least-loved PMS symptoms — but it can also be a sign of increased pregnancy-induced progesterone that slows down your digestive tract, trapping gas inside your intestines.

This sums up a real mindfuck you might not be aware of if you’re not trying to have a baby: any symptom that could be an early sign if you’re pregnant could also be literally nothing. So here’s what a typical month looks like; in other words, what every month for the last 3 years (oh boy) has looked like for me.

Your period ends. All bad feelings disappear: it’s a new month! A whole new world! Who knows what you did wrong last month or why the planets weren’t aligned for you to have a baby. This could be - hell, probably is! - the one where everything will work. You resolve to try your best and remain optimistic (because everyone says that stress and negativity will hurt your ability to conceive, so don’t mess this up with your feelings, you stupid idiot!).

You have about a week of normal human life. You don’t have to worry about any of this stuff, because any sex you have during this week can’t lead to anything. You’re relaxed, you’re having fun, you’re being nice to your husband (not to mention extremely generous to any pregnant people you come across, because you’re all in this together), and you have a little twinkle in your eye because you have a good feeling about this month.

Then, you have a week of peak fertility, so you make a concerted effort to have as much sex during this week as possible. (Technically, it’s best to have sex right before you’re ovulating, but you can get pregnant in the 3-5 days leading up to ovulation too.) You try your best to keep it fun and carefree, but let’s be real: the sex happening is much more important than it being the best sex ever. On top of remaining optimistic and positive for the (imaginary) baby, you also need to make sure that you’re not treating your husband like a bull whose only purpose is to inseminate cattle. Sometimes this works out ok and sometimes it doesn’t. 

That week ends, thankfully, and you can go back to a normal relationship (and normal relations) with your husband. What doesn’t end, though, is the emotional rollercoaster. OH NO, you absolute moron, that is just beginning. Because now you’ve got two weeks to sit around and wonder if you could be pregnant. You also wonder if you should lay off the wine (but jesus christ, can a girl not have some wine? Don’t forget she’s also working a full time job! Not everyone gets to focus 100% on being an optimal baby machine!). [You’ve heard mixed answers from doctors and various baby professionals: some say you absolutely shouldn’t have a drop of alcohol, and some say it doesn’t matter at all and that in fact lots of people get drunkenly pregnant on cruise ships. Cool. Helpful. Maybe you should book a cruise.]

As your expected period approaches (worth noting: it’s normally extremely regular, right on time at 28 days, just as god intended, and that pleases the fertility doctors), you try not to obsess but can’t help obsessing a little. Everything could change in a few days. You could be devastated again OR you could be, oh my god, having a baby! This could be it! It might be the case that all the other months were just a fluke and that everything actually IS totally okay and that you have earned and deserve a baby! You might be a normal person!

You start feeling all or some or none of the above symptoms. You try not to google “early signs of pregnancy before missed period”, which you’ve googled many, many times before. You always fail to not google this. You start to get suspicious: am I normally this tired at this time of the month? Have my boobs ever been sore like this on this specific day of my cycle? Was that spotting, or just some random inexplicable bleeding? Maybe that wasn’t implantation bleeding and I’m dying? (Being a lady is really fun.) 

Some months, you tell your husband you’re having these symptoms, because they really feel different than any time before. He gets super excited and is “confident” that this is the one. Most months that you have a weird feeling there might be something going on, you don’t mention anything to him for this exact reason. This is extremely isolating! You feel crazy. There is no right answer, and anyone who you tell you think you might be pregnant will know you are crazy and possibly never speak to you again. Sometimes you ask your friends who’ve been pregnant how and when they knew they were pregnant. Usually their answers are unhelpful, like, “I just knew.” Sometimes their answers are “holy shit I had the exact same symptoms you’re having at the exact same time and then 9 months later I had this beautiful little miracle!” You start imagining more symptoms. Am I nauseous? Would I even be nauseous this early in a pregnancy? Maybe it’s all the wine I had earlier?

Usually, your period comes on time despite your feeling that something is different. Sometimes though, it’s a day or two days or even four days late. You’ve learned not to get excited about this either. Every single time you’ve ever taken a pregnancy test in your life, it’s been negative. [An even bigger mindfuck? A friend of mine recently took a pregnancy test that was negative, and when she still didn’t have her period a week later, took another one and that one was positive. Yeah, sometimes they’re just wrong!!!!! So fun!!!!] 

So now you’ve learned to just wait it out (even though the alternative is constantly wondering if your period is going to pop up out of nowhere and embarrass you in public). But yeah: the cramps always eventually show up. The disappointment on your poor, tortured, helpless husband’s face always flickers before he puts on a brave (and terrified) smile so you won’t start crying. Usually you start crying anyway (especially if you’ve just been through a round of fertility treatment where everyone told you they had a “good feeling” about this one). And then, after crying for a while, you go to work or to brunch or to the movies or on a trip because this is your life, and life goes on.

[trueviewreproduction-blog]

Pet Reproduction Solutions Through Products & Mobile Services

Most of the pet lovers treat the pets as the part of their family and therefore, they would be conscious about the food, training and overall well being and lifestyle of their pets. Apart from these, the reproduction of the pets for healthy breeding can be another important matter of concern.

The pet lovers would be looking for the expert help or the necessary equipment for proper reproduction among their pets. There are online platforms that bring a wide range of mobile services, clinical procedures and the equipment useful in various activities related to the reproduction among the pets.

Protection from various bacterial infections:

The bacterial infections can be a common issue among the pets. The pet owners can get clavamox oral suspension USA through the online store that is a prescription antibiotic for the pets. This can be easily administered through the enclosed dropper and bears great results and offers faster and lasting relief for the pets from various types of bacterial infections.

Analysis of progesterone simplified:

In order to attain natural pregnancy among the pets, some stimulating hormones for the uterus are released. It can be essential to test the overall quantity and activity of these substances called progesterone.

The pet owners or the veterinarians can buy vet chroma progesterone machine online for conducting the tests to analyze progesterone among the female pets. These tests ensure the fitness of the female pets for reproduction and thus play an important role in diagnosis.

Equipment for artificial insemination:

For natural reproduction among the pets, they need to be in the pairs so that at the right age the reproductive procedure may begin among the male and female pet naturally. However, most of the times the female pets would be grown alone and therefore the semen extracted from a healthy male pet needs to be administered artificially.

 Artificial Insemination Equipment USA is available online with the best quality and the affordable price range as well. So, the veterinarians and breeders and also the individual pet owners can buy the equipment conveniently. The complete guidance for the use of the equipment would be provided in the user manual. Thus, the users can make effective use of the equipment for reproduction among the pets.

Effective diagnosis of the diseases caused due to pets:

Some of the diseases can be transmitted among humans through the pets and the other animals. Brucellosis caused due to Brucella, found mainly in the cows, goats, dogs and pigs would be among the diseases caused due to infection from the pets.

As the symptoms are seen, the infected person can be tested for the particular bacteria through the specific test designed to determine the severity of the infection. The aspiring veterinarians can get brucellosis test kit in USA from the exclusive online store to conduct the test.

The online service also offers clinical tests, diagnosis and treatments for the pets and the mobile services for the pets are also arranged in a wide service territory. So, the service providers offer pet reproduction solutions at one stop.

 For More Info:- canine progesterone testing machine

[shawnbarai]

Accumulation of excess carbon dioxide in the body can lead to death, know the remedy

Through the respiratory system we take in oxygen from the environment. This oxygen cylinder is used in the metabolic work of body cells. Carbon dioxide is produced as waste in this process. We release it into the environment through the respiratory system. The respiratory system mainly balances the intake of oxygen and the excretion of carbon dioxide. If for some reason the respiratory system fails to maintain this balance, then the body does not get enough oxygen, and carbon dioxide is not properly excreted.

In medical terms, this situation is called 'respiratory failure'. If there is only a problem in the supply or use of oxygen, then it is called 'type one respiratory failure' and if there is a problem in the use or emission of both oxygen and carbon dioxide, then it is called 'type two respiratory failure'.

Caused by excess carbon dioxide accumulation : 

Due to various diseases of the lungs, excess carbon dioxide can accumulate in the body. Notable among these is 'COPD' or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, which is mainly caused by smoking and environmental pollution.

Apart from this, obesity hypoventilation syndrome is more common in obese people. Congenital diseases of the thoracic ribs and vertebrae, such as pectus carinatum/scavetum or kyphoscoliosis (a forward or lateral tilt of the thoracic vertebrae) can also cause this problem.

Apart from this, various diseases of the nervous system, such as myopathy (weakening of the body's muscles), neuropathy (weakening of the nerves), the part of the brain that controls our breathing, any infection, tumor or stroke in the part of the brain can accumulate excess carbon dioxide in the body. Basically, any long-term lung disease can cause carbon dioxide to build up in the blood.

To know whether the carbon dioxide has increased or not, doctors perform a test called 'arterial blood gas analysis'. Normally, the arterial carbon dioxide side pressure is 35 to 45 millimeters of mercury. If it is more than 45, we assume that excess carbon dioxide is accumulating in the body. Excess carbon dioxide accumulation disrupts the normal functioning of the lungs. Over time, excess carbon dioxide accumulation can lead to death.

How to understand

Generally, the symptoms of excess carbon dioxide accumulation in the body include—

1. headache

2. Dizziness and excessive daytime sleepiness. In medical terms it is called carbon dioxide narcosis.

3. Trembling hands and feet.

4. Sweaty hands and feet.

5. Bounded pulse height.

6. Swelling of the feet.

The main treatment is the proper treatment of the disease due to which carbon dioxide is accumulating in the body. COPD is increasing day by day in our country. This disease is the main cause of respiratory failure. Quit smoking to avoid this disease. COPD patients should use inhalers regularly as advised by their doctor. If you are overweight, you should reduce it. Take nutritious and healthy food, exercise regularly.

There is a device called a 'by-pap' machine to remove excess carbon dioxide from the body. In certain cases respiratory-stimulating drugs (eg almitrine and raubacin, medroxy-progesterone) are used. If these treatments fail, the patient is placed on mechanical ventilation.

Oxygen Cylinder

[ankrus]

Breast Cancer | Ankr Cancer Healthcare

Ankr is a Cancer Platform for Education and Navigation developed by a team of cancer experts and patients. We have over 50 years of combined cancer care experience and a passion to put patients first in all that we do. 

What is Breast Cancer?

Cancer that begins in the breast when breast cells grow out of control is called breast cancer. The cancer cells form a tumor which is felt as a lump. It is common in women. Men can also get breast cancer.

When cancer cells are spread to other organs, it is called metastatic breast cancer.

Signs & Symptoms

Some symptoms of breast cancer include changes in the nipples or the skin of the breasts, swollen or stiff lymph nodes.

Diagnostic tests

Here are some of the diagnostic tests:

Mammogram: It is a breast x-ray that helps find early breast cancer symptoms.

Breast ultrasound: The doctor moves a small wand around on the skin. It produces sound waves and picks up the echoes as they bounce off tissues. The echoes are represented in an image on a computer screen. Ultrasound identifies the fluid-filled cyst or lump (unlikely to be cancer) or if it’s a cancerous tumor.

MRI: The radio waves and strong magnets help make precise images of the affected area. MRI identifies the size of cancer and other tumors in the breast.

Nipple discharge test: If the fluid is oozing out from the nipple, the doctor will send it to a lab to check the presence of the cancer cells.

Breast biopsy: The doctor removes the pieces of the cancerous part of the breast with a long, hollow needle.

CT scan: It uses x-rays to create detailed images of the body. A CT scan detects the spread of cancer outside the breast.

Bone scan: It detects cancer spread to the bones.

PET scan: It detects the cancer spread. The doctor puts a small amount of a low-level radioactive substance into the blood. The substance attaches to the cancer cells. A special camera shows any areas of radioactivity.

How advanced is my cancer? 

The doctor identifies the spread of breast cancer or the stage of cancer and decides the types of treatment required.

The stages are based on the cancer growth or cancer spread.

Cancer has five stages, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. A lower number means the extent of cancer spread is minimum. A higher number means cancer has spread maximum.

The breast cancer cells are tested for progesterone and estrogen receptors. Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer occurs when proteins are present in cancer cells. The doctor identifies the levels of the HER2 protein in the cells. High levels are high, HER2-positive cancer. These cancers are easier to treat. If both the tests are negative for any of these proteins, it’s known as triple-negative breast cancer.

It is beneficial to test the cells for specific genes, which can help decide the effectiveness of chemo and chances of recurrence.

Ask your doctor about these tests and what the results might mean.

What are the suitable treatments for me?

Several kinds of treatment are available for breast cancer, including surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy.

SURGERY

Surgery helps to cure or control cancer and make symptoms better. It is a common choice to cure breast cancer if not spread outside the breast. The standard type of breast cancer surgeries are lumpectomy, mastectomy, and removing lymph nodes from the underarm.

The common side effects of breast cancer surgery are shoulder stiffness, fatigue, lymphedema, change in breast shape, and numbness.

Ask the doctor about the kind of surgery needed and what to expect.

RADIATION TREATMENT

Radiation uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells left in the breast, chest, or armpit after surgery. There are two ways to treat breast cancer with radiation. The first is by aiming the rays at the breast from a machine outside the body. The second is by putting radioactive pellets, or tiny seeds, into the breast.

The common side effects are fatigue, skin discoloration, nausea, and vomiting.

Most side effects may improve after radiation ends. Some side effects may last longer. Ask your doctor about what to expect.

HORMONE TREATMENT

It reduces or blocks the levels of estrogen, female hormones. It shrinks breast tumors or curbs cancer growth. Hormone therapy does not cure breast cancer.

The common side effects are headache, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Ask your doctor about what to expect from the hormone treatment.

CHEMOTHERAPY

You can take chemo medicines intravenously or orally. These medicines move into the blood and spread through the body. Chemo is given in cycles or rounds. Each cycle of treatment has a rest time. Chemo is beneficial only if cancer has spread outside the breast tissue.

The common side effects are fatigue, body pain, and hair fall. These side effects go away after chemo treatment ends. There are ways to treat chemo side effects. If you have side effects, ask your doctor for help.

TARGETED THERAPY

Targeted therapy drugs are helpful for breast cancer that makes a high amount of HER2 protein. These drugs majorly affect cancer cells and rarely normal cells.

The most common side effects are fatigue, diarrhea, heart damage, and liver problem. If you have side effects, talk to your doctor so they can help.

IMMUNOTHERAPY

Immunotherapy boosts your immune system to attack the cancer cells. You can administer the drugs intravenously, as a shot, or as pills.

The most common side effects are fatigue, cough, nausea, skin rash, and poor appetite.

What are the other treatment options? 

The other treatment options may or may not be standard medical treatments. These treatments include vitamins, herbs, and diets. Some of these may be beneficial. A few are harmful. Talk to your doctor about other treatment options.

What to expect after treatment?

You will always be worried about cancer coming back or a recurrence. After treatment ends, visit your doctor every few months. Keep all follow-up visits. Your doctors will ask you about the symptoms. A physical examination may help to suggest diagnostic tests to check recurrence.

Dealing with cancer treatment is tough, but it can also be a time to think about improving your health. Contact us at https://ankr.us or talk to your doctor to find out what you can do to feel better.

[unlikelywallflower]

catching up again part 2: on the third time hopefully being the charm

(This is a continued catch-up from August 2020. You can read “catching up again part 1″ here.)

I was convinced, on the second round after starting to try again, that I could not get pregnant. I was certain that any symptoms I was feeling were, as usual, side effects of the progesterone. So when the first stick I peed on showed an extremely faint but decidedly discernible second line, I spent the day mostly in disbelief, looking at it over and over, my heart skipping a beat, assuming I was imagining things. On the second day, the line grew a tiny bit darker, and I let myself feel a tiny bit excited, told SD1, and told my family by sending a text asking “who wants to see the cutest photo ever?”. My brother and dad answered, obviously expecting another photo of my cat and not a photo of a positive pregnancy test. My mom, who at any given moment is usually within arms’ reach of her Macbook, iPad, Apple watch, and iPhone, was out of the house and the last to answer, so she chimed into the chorus of “OMG! Congratulations!” with “what’s going on?” (“scroll up, Mom”). The next day, I told two of my closest friends. And on the fourth day, I woke up with anxiety worse than anything I’d felt in a long time, convinced that I had already had a miscarriage.

Being pregnant again on the 14th attempt and after two miscarriages was very, very strange. It was clinging desperately to my nausea, hoping against hope that it was in fact the pregnancy hormones rising, and not just some ingredient in the prenatal vitamins causing it. It was practically demanding a relatively unnecessary second blood test just for the tiny bit of reassurance that the hormones were doubling as they should be, even though the hormones did that in the first two pregnancies and those still didn’t end well. It was being elated one second and terrified the next. It was compulsively checking my heart rate on my FitBit to ensure it was still slightly elevated. It was buying a home baby Doppler and setting self-imposed limitations on how often I was allowed to listen to the baby’s heartbeat to reassure myself (side-note 1: the first few times I did this, I mistook my own heartbeat, which the machine was picking up through the veins around the placenta, for the baby’s). It was telling more people than I normally would, because those were all people I would want to know if I had another miscarriage, and what was even the point of going through this alone? It was reading poetry to my little blastocyst (then embryo, then fetus) every night, and waking up at least once every night with anxiety that could keep me up for hours. It was checking the toilet paper every single time I peed, convinced that I would see blood. (Side-note 2: apparently it’s not just anxious pregnant people who’ve had miscarriages who do this; I know at least one friend who did this too.) 

It was sending screenshots from the Bump app of what foodstuff my embryo was the size of that week to SD1 and my mom, then wondering if it was actually even still growing inside of me. It was rejoicing when my nipples start to get sore, because hooray! Another symptom! Of course, for others, it may be none of these things or all of those things and more. For me, it was all of it and then some.

It was hard to distinguish, while on the progesterone, what was emotional side effects, what was simply heightened anxiety, and what was pregnancy hormones. Crying multiple times a day was normal during that time, as was going from zero to 100 over something relatively insignificant a colleague would say or do. Once I stopped the extra hormones at 10 weeks in (when the placenta had formed enough to produce its own progesterone), however, it became very clear: it was the drugs. Holy shit, y’all. The jump from hot mess to (relatively) stable was swift and merciful.

Once I passed my “balloon date” (this is apparently what it’s called when one pregnancy surpasses the length of previous pregnancies), and especially once I passed the magical holy 12-week mark (when the chance of miscarriage goes down precipitously), I began to feel like maybe, just maybe, this one might work out. Connection with my little fetus still felt somewhat fleeting, and most of my pregnancy-related attention was focused on anxiety about the potential for another loss, anxiety about what it might be like to give birth and live through my fourth trimester in a pandemic, and clinging to any markers of progress (ultrasound photos, hearing the baby’s heartbeat, and produce comparison baby size updates included). All I could do was take it one day (/hour/breath) at a time, and surrender to the process as much as possible.

[digitalyogesh]

Endometriosis cancer

What Is Endometriosis cancer?

Endometrial malignancy is a kind of uterine disease that beginnings in the internal covering of the uterus. This coating is known as the endometrium.

As per the National Cancer InstituteTrusted Source, around 3 out of 100 ladies will be determined to have uterine malignant growth eventually in their lives. In excess of 80% of individuals with uterine malignant growth make due for a very long time or more in the wake of getting the finding.

In the event that you have Endometriosis cancer malignancy, early analysis and treatment builds your odds of abatement.

What are the side effects of endometrial malignancy?

The most widely recognized side effect of endometrial disease is unusual vaginal dying. This can include:

changes in the length or substantialness of feminine periods

vaginal draining or spotting between feminine periods

vaginal draining after menopause

Other possible indications of endometrial malignancy include:

watery or blood-touched vaginal release

torment in the lower midsection or pelvis

torment during sex

In the event that you experience any of these indications, make a meeting with your primary care physician. These manifestations aren’t really an indication of genuine condition, however have them looked at.

Unusual vaginal draining is regularly brought about by menopause or other non-malignant conditions. Be that as it may, at times, it’s an indication of endometrial disease or different kinds of gynecological malignancy.

Your PCP can assist you with distinguishing the reason for your side effects and suggest suitable treatment, if necessary.

What are the phases of Endometriosis cancer malignancy?

Over the long run, endometrial disease might possibly spread from the uterus to different pieces of the body.

The malignant growth is arranged into four phases dependent on the amount it has developed or spread:

Stage 1: The malignant growth is just present in the uterus.

Stage 2: The malignant growth is available in the uterus and cervix.

Stage 3: The malignant growth has spread external the uterus, yet not to the extent the rectum or bladder. It very well may be available in the fallopian tubes, ovaries, vagina, or potentially close by lymph hubs.

Stage 4: The disease has spread past the pelvic region. It very well may be available in the bladder, rectum, or potentially far off tissues and organs.

At the point when an individual is determined to have endometrial disease, the phase of the malignant growth influences what treatment alternatives are accessible and the drawn out viewpoint. Endometrial disease is simpler to treat in the beginning phases of the condition.

How is Endometriosis cancer disease analyzed?

In the event that you foster indications that may be endometrial malignancy, make a meeting with your essential consideration specialist or gynecologist. A gynecologist is an extraordinary sort of specialist that spotlights on the female conceptive framework.

Your primary care physician will get some information about your manifestations and clinical history. They will play out a pelvic test to look and feel for anomalies in your uterus and other conceptive organs. To check for cancers or different anomalies, they might arrange a transvaginal ultrasound test.

A ultrasound test is a kind of imaging test that utilizations sound waves to make photos of within your body. To play out a transvaginal ultrasound, your primary care physician or other medical services proficient will embed a ultrasound test into your vagina. This test will communicate pictures onto a screen.

On the off chance that your primary care physician distinguishes anomalies during the ultrasound test, they might arrange at least one of the accompanying tests to gather an example of tissue for testing:

Endometrial biopsy: In this test, your primary care physician embeds a flimsy adaptable cylinder through your cervix into your uterus. They apply attractions to eliminate a little piece of tissue from your endometrium through the cylinder.

Hysteroscopy: In this method, your PCP embeds a meager adaptable cylinder with a fiber-optic camera through your cervix into your uterus. They utilize this endoscope to outwardly look at your endometrium and biopsy tests of irregularities.

Widening and curettage (D&C): If the consequences of a biopsy are muddled, your primary care physician may gather one more example of endometrial tissue utilizing D&C. To do as such, they enlarge your cervix and utilize a unique instrument to scratch tissue from your endometrium.

Subsequent to gathering an example of tissue from your endometrium, your primary care physician will send it to a research facility for testing. A lab expert will analyze the example under a magnifying instrument to learn on the off chance that it contains disease cells.

On the off chance that you have endometrial malignant growth, your PCP will probably arrange extra tests to learn if the disease has spread. For instance, they may arrange blood tests, x-beam tests, or other imaging tests.

HEALTHLINE RESOURCE

Change: Health Equity

71% of individuals concur that underrepresented networks in the US face more noteworthy difficulties in getting to medical services. Figure out how they’ve been influenced, and how you can help, today.

What are the therapies for Endometriosis cancer malignant growth?

There are a few therapy alternatives accessible for endometrial disease. Your PCP’s suggested therapy plan will rely upon the subtype and phase of the disease, just as your general wellbeing and individual inclinations.

There are likely advantages and dangers related with every treatment alternative. Your PCP can assist you with understanding the possible advantages and dangers of each approach.

Medical procedure

Endometriosis cancer malignant growth is frequently treated with a sort of a medical procedure known as hysterectomy.

During hysterectomy, a specialist eliminates the uterus. They may likewise eliminate the ovaries and fallopian tubes, in a method known as a two-sided salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO). Hysterectomy and BSO are commonly performed during a similar activity.

To learn if the malignancy has spread, the specialist will likewise eliminate close by lymph hubs. This is known as lymph hub analyzation or lymphadenectomy.

On the off chance that the malignant growth has spread to different spaces of the body, the specialist may suggest extra medical procedures.

Radiation treatment

Radiation treatment utilizes high-energy pillars to kill malignancy cells.

There are two primary sorts of radiation treatment used to treat endometrial malignant growth:

Outer bar radiation treatment: An outside machine centers light emissions around the uterus from outside your body.

Interior radiation treatment: Radioactive materials are set inside the body, in the vagina or uterus. This is otherwise called brachytherapy.

Your PCP may suggest one or the two kinds of radiation treatment after medical procedure. This can assist with killing malignant growth cells that may stay after a medical procedure.

In uncommon cases, they may suggest radiation treatment before medical procedure. This can assist with contracting growths to make them simpler to eliminate.

In the event that you can’t have a medical procedure because of other ailments or helpless by and large wellbeing, your PCP may suggest radiation treatment as your fundamental therapy.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy includes the utilization of medications to kill malignant growth cells. A few kinds of chemotherapy treatment include one medication, while others include a blend of medications. Contingent upon the kind of chemotherapy that you get, the medications may be in pill structure or given through an intravenous (IV) line.

Your PCP may suggest chemotherapy for endometrial malignancy that has spread to different pieces of the body. They may likewise suggest this therapy approach for endometrial malignant growth that has returned after past treatment.

Chemical treatment

Chemical treatment includes the utilization of chemicals or chemical hindering medications to change the body’s chemical levels. This can assist with easing back the development of endometrial malignant growth cells.

Your primary care physician may suggest chemical treatment for stage III or stage IV endometrial disease. They may likewise suggest it for endometrial malignancy that has returned after treatment.

Chemical treatment is regularly joined with chemotherapy.

Endometriosis cancer help

In case you’re experiencing difficulty adapting genuinely to your malignancy finding or treatment, let your primary care physician know. It’s not unexpected for individuals to experience issues dealing with the passionate and mental impacts of living with malignancy.

Your primary care physician might allude you to a face to face or online care group for individuals with malignancy. You may think that it is encouraging to interface with other people who are going through comparative encounters as you.

Your PCP may likewise allude you to a psychological well-being expert for guiding. One-on-one or gathering treatment may assist you with dealing with the mental and social impacts of living with disease.

What are the danger factors for Endometriosis cancer malignant growth?

The danger of endometrial disease increments with age. Most instances of endometrial disease are analyzed between the ages of 45 and 74 years of age, reports the National Cancer InstituteTrusted Source.

A few other danger components may likewise raise the danger of endometrial disease, including:

changes in sex chemical levels

certain ailments

family background of malignant growth

Chemical levels

Estrogen and progesterone are female sex chemicals that influence the strength of your endometrium. On the off chance that the equilibrium of these chemicals shifts towards expanded estrogen levels, it raises your danger of creating endometrial malignancy.

Certain parts of your clinical history can influence your sex chemical levels and hazard of endometrial malignant growth, including:

Long stretches of monthly cycle: The more feminine periods that you’ve had in your life, the more openness your body has needed to estrogen. On the off chance that you got your first period before you were 12 years of age or you carried on with menopause late throughout everyday life, you might be at expanded danger of Endometriosis cancer malignancy.

History of pregnancy: During pregnancy, the equilibrium of chemicals shifts towards progesterone.If you’ve never been pregnant, your odds of creating endometrial malignancy are elevated.

Polycystic ovarian condition (PCOS): In this hormonal problem, estrogen levels are high and progesterone levels are bizarrely low. In the event that you have a background marked by PCOS, your odds of getting endometrial malignant growth are expanded.

Granulosa cell cancers: Granulosa cell growths are a kind of ovarian cancer that discharge estrogen. In the event that you’ve had one of these growths, it raises your danger of Endometriosis cancer.

[ivfjunction]

All You Need to Know About Fibroids and Its Laparoscopic Surgery

Fibroids, also known as myomas, fibromas, and leiomyomas are benign (non-cancerous) growths that form in the uterus. There can either be no symptoms of fibroids or the symptoms can range from heavy bleeding during periods and abdominal pain. The cause for fibroids is not known and they usually shrink after menopause. Fibroids and Infertility are topics that might be on your mind if you’re trying to conceive. Some people want to get laparoscopic surgery for fibroids to get rid of fibroids while some people want to know how to shrink fibroids fast. If you think you might require infertility testing because you have fibroids-related symptoms, it is important to know that only a gynecological examination can tell you the cause behind these symptoms. It is important to be aware of Gynecological health and take consultation if you think you might have a gynecological problem.

Table Of Contents

Feel Free to skip ahead if one topic catches your eye :

Types of Fibroids

Who can develop Fibroids?

Symptoms of Fibroids

Diagnosing Fibroids

Treating Fibroids

Take Away

Types of Fibroids and Fibroids and Infertility

Fibroids can be of the following types depending on their location –

Intramural Fibroids – These fibroids grow in the muscular wall of the uterus and are the most common type of Fibroids. If they grow larger they can stretch the uterus.

Subserosal Fibroids – These fibroids grow on the outside of the uterus or on the “Serosa”. If these fibroids grow large in size they can make the appearance of the uterus larger on one side.

Pedunculated fibroids – Subserosal fibroids that have a “stem”, a slender base that supports it is called pedunculated fibroids.

Submucosal Fibroids – These fibroids are uncommon when compared to other fibroids and develop in the muscular middle layer of the uterus called the myometrium.

Fibroids usually do not cause infertility, but fibroids and infertility might be possible depending upon where the fibroid is located, for example, fibroids can block fallopian tubes making it difficult to conceive. It is important to get gynecological treatment if you want to know how to shrink fibroids fast.

Who can develop Fibroids?

The cause of fibroids is unknown but some factors can be responsible for their formation.

Hormonal Issues – Estrogen and progesterone are responsible for the formation of the uterine lining and may contribute to the formation of fibroids.

Family History – If you have a family history of fibroids, you might develop fibroids too.

Pregnancy – The hormones estrogen and progesterone are elevated during pregnancy and that may trigger the formation of fibroids.

Age 30 or older – Women over the age of 30 have an increased risk for the formation of fibroids.

African-American – It is observed that African-American women have more fibroids formation.

Weight – It is seen that women had higher body weight have an increased risk of fibroids formation.

Symptoms of Fibroids

The symptoms of fibroids include –

Heavy menstrual bleeding with blood clots

Pelvic and lower back pain

Increased menstrual cramps

Increased urination

Pain during intercourse

Pressure and fullness in the lower abdomen

Swelling and enlargement of the abdomen

These symptoms of fibroids are unpleasant and you would want to know how to shrink fibroids fast. It is important that you consult with your gynecologist and start your fibroids treatment.

Diagnosing Fibroids

If you think you might have uterine fibroids, it is important that you consult your gynecologist. Your gynecologist would be able to perform the necessary gynecological examinations required for the diagnosis of fibroids.

Your gynecologist would check the uterine condition, shape, and size and may recommend some imaging tests.

Some commonly recommended imaging tests are –

Ultrasound – The gynecologist may recommend an ultrasound to better see the inside of the uterus. A transvaginal ultrasound may be recommended.

Pelvic MRI – A pelvic MRI would provide imaging for the structures in the pelvic region including the uterus and ovaries.

Treating Fibroids and Laparoscopic Surgery For Fibroids

Your doctor would prescribe a treatment that suits your age, fibroids size, and overall health.

Your doctor may prescribe lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery. If your fibroids are causing no symptoms, your doctor may recommend you don’t require fibroids treatment in Delhi at the moment but might need it if the fibroids begin to grow larger or cause symptoms.

Lifestyle Changes and Natural Treatments

Your doctor may recommend you to follow a healthier lifestyle and take acupuncture, yoga, massage, traditional medicines such as traditional Chinese medicines, and heat therapy for cramps (Heat is not to be applied if you have heavy menstrual bleeding).

Making Dietary changes, managing stress levels, and reducing weight may also be recommended.

Medications

Your doctor may prescribe certain medications if they think that you will benefit from them.

Most of these medicines work by regulating your hormonal levels and reducing pain.

Some commonly prescribed medications are –

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone  (GnRH) Agonists – These medications cause the estrogen and progesterone levels to drop which would eventually stop menstruation and shrink the fibroids.

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Antagonists – These medications stop the body from producing hormones such as Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). These medications help to shrink the fibroids.

Intrauterine Device (IUD) – These devices use the hormone progestin.

Over-The-Counter (OTC) anti-inflammatory pain relievers – These medications help reduce the pain due to fibroids.

Birth Control Pills

Surgery and Laparoscopic Surgery For Fibroids

Surgery may be required if the fibroids are causing symptoms and growing larger.

Different types of surgeries used for the removal of fibroids are –

Myomectomy – For Abdominal Myomectomy a large incision is made in the abdomen and the uterus is accessed to remove the fibroids. Myomectomy can also be performed laparoscopically using small incisions from where the surgical tools and the camera are inserted for the surgery.

Hysterectomy – If other treatment options are not effective for your fibroids, Hysterectomy or removal of the uterus may be recommended. Since the uterus is removed in this surgery, the person would not be able to bear children in the future.

Non-Invasive and Minimally Invasive Procedures

Forced Ultrasound Surgery (FUS) – In this non-invasive surgical procedure you lie down inside a special MRI machine that allows your doctor to see the inside of your uterus. The fibroids are destroyed using high-energy, high-frequency sound waves.

Myolysis – This involves the use of procedures that shrink the fibroids using heat sources electric current or laser, or freeze the fibroids using cryomyolysis.

Endometrial Ablation – This procedure involves the destruction of the uterine lining by inserting a special instrument into the uterus and destroying the uterine lining using heat, electric current, hot water, or extreme cold.

Uterine Artery Embolization – In this procedure the blood supply of the fibroids is cut off using small particles that are injected into the uterus.

Take Away

Uterine Fibroids are a common condition that affects a number of women. If you think you might have uterine fibroids, it is best to consult with a gynecologist to discuss how to manage the fibroids. The gynecologist would be able to help you with a treatment plan that suits you.

If you have any infertility or reproductive questions, you must submit your questions to our Support Forum which is a non-judgmental space for everything related to reproductive health. You can discuss other symptoms such as recurrent urination, frequent urine infection, and back of legs ache at IVF Junction Support Forum where no questions are too embarrassing to ask when it comes to reproductive health.

If you want to start your Infertility treatment journey but don’t know where to begin, contact us so that we can help you with the best approach for your infertility treatment. Our no hidden costs approach and complete transparency ensure that we prioritize our patient’s health and only promote ethical practice while providing you information about the best IVF specialist in Delhi. Let our experts help you in your infertility treatment journey.

Source: http://ivfjunction.com/blog/treating-fibroids-with-laparoscopic-surgery/

[innogenxpage]

Frozen Embryo Transfer

What does Frozen Embryo mean? 

 Frozen Embryo involves a procedure where the embryos are frozen after fertilization and subsequent growth. The embryos may be frozen between day 2(four-cell stage) – day 5 (blastocyst stage). Healthy and viable embryos are moved to a ‘freezing machine’ where the temperature is made to drop rapidly to MINUS 150 degrees Celsius and then stored in liquid nitrogen tanks at -196 degree Celsius.

 What is the procedure involving FET? 

 A frozen embryo transfer (FET) is a part of IVF treatment, where a cryopreserved embryo, created in an l IVF cycle, is thawed and transferred to a uterus. The process involves preserving an embryo at -150 Celsius temperature, generally at an embryogenesis stage, corresponding from fertilization to the blastocyst stage. A cryopreserved embryo can also be a donor embryo or may have been ‘prepared’ from a donor egg or donor sperm. In principle, most IVF cycles involve frozen embryo transfers. Fresh embryo transfers are rare. This is because the techniques of FET have improved a lot and the outcome of FET is much better than fresh transfers. Most doctors recommend elective frozen embryo transfer (also referred to as a "freeze all" approach) where a fresh embryo transfer is not opted. Here all the embryos are cryopreserved and transferred in the FET cycle in the next month or so.

 Why choose a Frozen Embryo Transfer? 

 Depending on the woman’s health conditions and some circumstances, the fertility doctor may advise FET that will help the woman get pregnant now or anytime later in future.  A Frozen Embryo comes with a lot of benefits:    Opportunity to cryopreserve the embryos: Several embryos can result from the IVF cycle. Transferring of multiple embryos into the uterus increases the risk of high-order multiple pregnancies (like triplets or quadruplets). To reduce this risk, the doctor might recommend an elective single embryo transfer (eSET) to have a good and safe pregnancy. One can choose to freeze or cryopreserve any "extra embryos" after their IVF cycle.    The cryopreserved embryos are of use when a fresh IVF transfer fails. For instance, let's say you get five embryos from the IVF cycle and your doctor recommends elective single embryo transfer as a fresh embryo transfer. One among the five IVF embryos is transferred into the uterus. The remaining four are cryopreserved. If the embryo transfer doesn't result in a successful pregnancy, the woman has two options. She can opt for another full IVF cycle, or can transfer one or two of the cryopreserved embryos. The most cost-effective option would be to transfer one or more embryos from the preserved frozen embryos or the cryopreserved embryos.    Plan for another child: Cryopreserved embryos can remain on ice indefinitely. If the couple decide to give their IVF-conceived child, a sibling and if they still have embryos in cryopreservation, those cryopreserved embryos could help attain pregnancy again. The couple don't have to repeat the whole IVF process.    Scope for Genetic Screening: Screening embryos for specific hereditary disease or defects is possible using PGD and PGS. It is done through a biopsy on day three or five post-fertilization, post egg retrieval. PGD and PGS help reduce the risk of passing genetic diseases. This can only be done if the embryos are frozen. FET is an integral part of pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT). All embryos biopsied are cryopreserved. Once the results come, the doctor can decide which embryos to transfer for the FET-IVF cycles, based on the results of the PGT.    Opportunity to choose an Elective Procedure: The woman can opt for an elective frozen embryo transfer with or without PGD/PGS. With the "freeze all" approach, the fresh embryo transfer is not a part of the plan. It can occur with PGD/PGS or without genetic screening. A Fresh Embryo Transfer might be less likely to result in a viable, healthy pregnancy. To avoid this and to be safe, all embryos are cryopreserved three to five days after egg retrieval. After a month, there is a chance of endometrium to form without the influence of ovarian stimulating drugs, when frozen embryo transfer can take place. During that FET cycle, the fertility doctor may prescribe hormonal medications to enhance endometrial receptivity (especially if the woman does not ovulate on her own, doctor might do the FET, with hormonal medications.    Plan of Fresh Embryo Transfer has not opted: Fresh embryo transfer might not have been opted, for various reasons. For example, the couple cannot have FET if they the woman has caught a flu or is suffering from any other illness after egg retrieval but before transfer. If the endometrial conditions do not look good on the ultrasound, the fertility doctor may recommend cryopreserving all embryos, then scheduling FET-IVF for a later date.    Use as an Embryo Donor: Some couples choose to donate their unused embryos to another infertile couple. If a couple decide to use an embryo donor, their cycle will be a frozen embryo transfer.    Risk of OHSS: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a risk where fertility drugs that can (in severe and rare cases) lead to loss of fertility and even death. If the risk of OHSS appears to be high before a fresh embryo transfer, it gets cancelled. When this happens, all the embryos are cryopreserved. Cancellation is necessary because pregnancy can exacerbate OHSS. It can also take longer to recover from OHSS if the woman is pregnant. Once she recovers from OHSS, a frozen embryo transfer cycle is planned. 

 FROZEN EMBRYO TRANSFER OR FRESH EMBRYO TRANSFER, WHICH IS THE BEST? 

 Studies have found that the success rate of pregnancy is better with frozen embryo transfers than with fresh embryo transfers. Studies have also found that pregnancies conceived after frozen embryo transfer has better outcomes. However, most studies have shown in younger women have a good prognosis. The prognosis for women over 35 years of age is unclear. If opting for FET, the couple should consult a good fertility expert as they will be the best people to advise further treatment after looking into the medical history. Process of FET    Once the woman gets her period, a baseline ultrasound and blood sample testing are done. If all looks good, estrogen supplementation is given. It helps ensure a healthy endometrial lining. Estrogen supplementation is continued for about two weeks, followed by ultrasound and more blood tests.    After approximately two weeks of estrogen support, progesterone support is added. Progesterone is given as an intramuscular injection or vaginal suppositories (gel or tablet).The embryo transfer is scheduled based on when progesterone supplements start and on what stage the embryo is cryopreserved. For example, if the freezing of embryo is on day five post-egg-retrieval, then the frozen embryo transfer will be for day six after progesterone supplementation starts. Risks A frozen embryo transfer cycle has very little risk. One risk of using IVF (and fertility drugs) is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, you don't need to worry about OHSS in a FET cycle because ovarian stimulating drugs are not in use. Pregnancies from frozen embryo transfers might be healthier than those from fresh embryo transfers. Research has shown that frozen embryo transfer babies were at lower risk for premature birth, stillbirth, and low birth weight. Embryo transfer has risks, including an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and a risk of infection. Depending on the number of embryos transfer, the chance of multiple pregnancies may also be higher (which comes with its own set of risks for a pregnant person and the fetuses they are carrying). Costs Couple need to plan for a cost that includes investigations, consultations, ultrasound monitoring, hormonal support, and the costs associated with the transfer process. There is usually some amount of luteal phase support – medications that are given as ‘supplement’ for the successful continuation of conception. Cost of a FET cycle is usually much lesser than a full IVF cycle.  

[mr-scattergood]

I can't wait to hold you in my arms - Chapter 3

You can also read it on AO3! https://archiveofourown.org/works/12869493/chapters/29395413

---

Angus tapped away on his phone, sitting in a white hospital gown with little sea foam coloured polka dots. The look didn’t suit him in the slightest. They’d been there for hours, taking a number of exams, so far nothing conclusive. He was getting frustrated.

Angus was shaking his foot impatiently, having drained any entertainment his phone had given him. He folded his arms over his chest. He looked towards Bodi, who’s pocket kept vibrating.

“Who keeps calling?” Angus asked, tilting his head “another crazed fan you gave your number to?” he teased, Bodi gave his number out to anyone who asked, meaning he needed a new number every few months once he was overwhelmed with calls and texts.

“No, just Khampa”

“Well then answer it” Angus says, wondering why Bodi hadn’t already

“but I want to be here for you” Bodi said with big worried eyes.

“Bodi you are here. And I'm fine, there is nothing wrong with me. But if that thing buzzes again I may be driven into insanity”

It didn’t take much to convince Bodi to take the call, although he didn’t want Angus to feel his attention was on anything but him, Bodi knew his dad was probably on the verge of a heart attack.

“Hey dad” Bodi greets

“Bodi why didn’t you pick up sooner?! Is everything ok? I saw the interview..”

“I’m at the doctor’s with Angus now. He’s just getting some tests done. You finally got your tv hooked up huh?

“I had to. Fleetwood told me Angus collapsed and I couldn’t not see that first hand”

“Dad..” Bodi groaned in annoyance

“sorry, it’s a joke! I.. love Angus” It sounded physically painful for him to say those words

“uh huh..”

“just promise me you aren’t on whatever he’s taking?

“What? Angus is not on drugs dad” Bodi noticed Angus look at him with an eyebrow cocked.

“I know about the city life Bodi, I know what the rock and roll type are like! Fast paced life styles late night parties”

“Neither of us are on anything. I promise”

The doctor walked back into the room, getting the attention of both awaiting guests “I'll call you back later, love you” Bodi hung up the phone.

“We’ve come to a medical conclusion about your recent fainting spell” the doctor was holding a clip board full of papers, it seemed whatever tests were taken they were taken twice, even three times. He sat down across from the bed that Angus was sitting on “There is high amounts of progesterone in your blood which is causing your veins to widen and blood pressure to fluctuate”

“So I just need to eat healthier or something? Cut down on the wine?” Angus asked

The doctor adjusted in his chair, licking his lips nervously. Which made Bodi concerned.

“It’s our medical conclusion that you’re pregnant” there was no way to say it subtly

“Excuse me?” Angus looked taken aback as Bodi’s tail begins to wag and his ears lifted.

“I know it’s hard to believe but we’ve run every possible test"

“well run them again! I cannot be .. that” he was furious, feeling like he was the butt of a joke.

“We’ve run them multiple times, and already crossed off any possible ailments that could cause these abnormalities”

Bodi grabbed at Angus' hand holding it tight “Were gonna be dad’s?!”

Angus yanked his hand free “Doctor there has to be another test you can run”

We could preform an ultrasound to tell us conclusively, but the fetus will be to small to make out details like species, litter size and gender”

“Fine. Whatever you have to do to write this off”

The doctor nodded “come with me, the ultrasound system is in the other room”

Angus stands up, fighting off the sudden light headedness. Bodi grabbed the clothing Angus come in with and walked beside the feline.

Angus didn’t speak a word, keeping his eyes forward as Bodi’s darted around, looking at the charts on the walls and exciting himself with the prospect of having babies with Angus.

The second room was a bit bigger, with more baby oriented imagery. Angus lifted himself onto the bed cover with the noisy crinkly plastic cover.

Angus removes the top portion of his gown before a cold gel was placed over his abdomen followed by a transducer pressing down on his slickened fur. The machine it connected to hummed lightly, as the screen showed nothing but grey hues and blackness.

Bodi looked mesmerized, watching the screen closely hoping to see the pup, or pups, or kittens! He didn’t much care which.

“How longs this gonna take until you’re convinced I’m no---”

“There it is” the doctor said, pausing the live feed on a single frame.

“Where?!” Bodi asked excitedly, tail smacking into the side of the bed.

The doctor pointed it out, a small grey mass surrounded by blackness. “not much bigger then a cork now”

“woah!” Bodi leaned up close to the tv, eyes wide as he stared at the screen. Angus pushed the probe off himself and stood up, quickly grabbing his clothing from Bodi and walking behind a changing curtain in the room

“Angus isn’t this amazing!” Bodi looked in his direction, grinning like a kid on Christmas. He didn’t seem phased when Angus didn’t respond.

“You want a picture?” the doctor offered to break the silence

“yeah!!” Bodi's excitement grew

“Were done here” Angus finally said as he stepped out from behind the curtain fully dressed and discarded the gown onto the bed

“I understand you are busy. I will contact Ian and reschedule an appointment with you next week to discuss further options” the doctor said as he handed Bodi a printed image of the screen before shutting the machine off.