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arteastica · 9 months

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early in the morning, especially when it rains, and a little before noon. (5)

erwin x fem!reader

chapters: (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | (15) | (16) | (17) | (18) | (19) | (20) | (21) | (22) | (23) | (24) | (25) | (26)

summary: I basically took Isayama’s work, forced it into a romance story, and made Erwin the love interest. Commander meets cadet and they fall in love (not instantly though)

notes: very berry canonverse (but some events were modified to fit my narrative), wasn’t intended to be this long, but it all is in the details right?

content warnings: smut where it fits (or where I make it fit. Also, reader is NOT underage, so likewise, MINORS DO NOT INTERACT, please.). slow burn (I really mean it. I’m not olympic diving into any form of smut for the first chapters). no angst. I dislike angst. I would never. I could never. (Although angst can be somewhat subjective so take it with a grain of salt?)

wc: 2.2k

From what you had heard, warm weather and blue skies were supposed to feel relaxing and soothing, as if the sun was extending an open invitation for everyone to lazily lay on the fields and bask under it. But on the morning of the 57th expedition beyond the walls, the blue in the sky had a tinge of deceit, almost as if a storm was coming.

That’s why the black smoke signals didn’t surprise you. In fact, you were kind of expecting them. What you didn’t expect, however, was for them to keep going for that long. It seemed like no team had been able to take out the abnormal.

Your eyes kept bouncing from the black smoke in the sky to the wings of freedom on his back, because something about them prevented your hands from sweating too much and your heart from going too fast.

“It appears the right-wing recon squad has been wiped out.” A messenger came galloping at full speed. “The early warning network is compromised.”

The right wing? This is bad. If we let them too far into the formation-

Another black column rose into the sky.

Just under that smoke, someone is-.

You held the reins tight while your elbows pressed just as hard into your sides. Your eyes followed the smoke column back to the ground and that’s when it clicked. They were fighting on plain, empty fields. Not a single building to latch onto. Through the suffocating mental fog, you tried to visualize the map in your head. The only tactical option is-

“Commander, at the east-” you said hurriedly, almost out of breath.

“The forest. I know” he finished your sentence, flare gun already in hand.

“Titans have used this path. Lack of vegetation is a giveaway.” He observed some moments later as you approached the woods. “The wagons should have no problem. Inform everyone behind us. Only the center line will enter the forest” he said before turning to his right, locking eyes with you for a brief second “don’t leave my side, and keep your eyes open-”

“At all times” you said, giving him a firm nod.

They’re going to finish it off anytime now. That’s why we’re here. He intends to confront it and kill it. You thought, unable to take your eyes off the horror unfolding beneath you.

A black smoke signal had been seen through the giant tree branches and moments later Captain Levi and his squad had come rushing into the scene, followed by what you assumed was the abnormal that had been causing all the chaos. And when you saw it, you understood why. You had never seen a titan in real life, but you were sure they weren’t supposed to look like that. None of your textbooks mentioned anything about a creature like that one.

“Fire!” The commander’s voice echoed through the forest.

Looks like it’s completely immobilized now. You looked at the creature, stabbed by hundreds of sharp and unforgiving iron strings. Anytime now, he’ll give the order to kill it.

Back then, when the abnormal had come in accelerating, it looked as if squad Levi wasn’t going to be able to outrun it. For a moment, you had fought the urgency to look away. You had been certain they were all going to be crushed flat. But even in the face of death, after abandoning comrades and friends, everyone seemed to have silently agreed on moving forward. Everyone is believing in Commander Erwin and risking it all. You thought. But was it something everyone collectively decided? Or was it just one man making all the calls? One person getting to decide who stays behind and who keeps going.

You looked at him, standing on a nearby branch. His hunter green cloak dancing in sync with the wind. For a moment, it looked like he had wings. And in the time you had known him, you swore his side profile had never looked so sublime.

And terrifying.

In him, there was so much to admire.

And so much to fear.

Stance, unmoving. Features, expressionless. Eyes, fixed on the target. You tried to read him, but there was nothing. It was like trying to read a blank piece of paper or a closed book. You weren’t exactly sure which one. And in that moment, you realized that there was still so much you didn’t know about the Commander of the Survey Corps. And so much you most likely would never know. He seemed to be both, sometimes even at the same time: reliable and unpredictable.

Unpredictability. It was right there in everything he did. Everything he was. From the way his cloak swayed in the wind to the pattern his thoughts followed. Or rather didn’t.

He was as unpredictable as the world you had been born in. And he had adapted frighteningly well.

“We can’t let our guard down yet. But anyway, good work guiding it to this point.” You heard him say to Captain Levi when he landed beside him.

“We were able to buy time thanks to the rear squad that gave their lives fighting. Without them, it wouldn’t have been possible.”

“Is that so?” His voice was toneless and devoid of emotion. Definitely not the type you were supposed to use when replying to a statement like that one. Yet his eyes were telling you stories not even a thousand words could. Those were the type of eyes that could only be born of painful experiences, of holding onto the unrelenting part of yourself while letting the compassionate one go. And choosing to do it over and over again. Those were the type of eyes born from tainting one’s own hands with blood. Because those soldiers, the ones whose bodies had been crushed and dismembered while fighting the abnormal, hadn’t exactly died voluntarily. They had been ordered to.

By him.

Erwin Smith’s hands were tainted with the blood of hundreds.

You clutched the handle of your blade with ice cold fingers. It was in that forest that you finally understood why he had been entrusted with the Survey Corps, the hope of humanity. He was willing to make the decision no one else dared to. He was willing to abandon everything, even his own humanity, because in a world like yours, that was the only trade that could bring you change. He had chosen to sacrifice the lives of hundreds of his soldiers in order to secure the lives of thousands within the walls.

“Their sacrifice won’t go to waste. It is our job to find meaning in it.” He seemed to be speaking to the air, and not particularly to Captain Levi, eyes still fixed on that same spot.

You followed them, and they led you to the titan. It looked special. Human, even. And that, in particular, made the creature all the more disturbing. You couldn’t help but remember Captain Hange’s reports and how they described Eren in his titan form. Were there others like him?

You suddenly felt like you had swallowed a rock.

The commander must have known it all along. That’s why he led us all here. He isn’t trying to kill that titan. He wants to capture it alive. You quickly turned your head in his direction. He was like a complex picture that no matter how far you stepped back, you were never going to fully see.

“Thanks to them we can find out who’s on this thing’s nape.” He said to Captain Levi.

You hurried to take your notebook and pencil out, and started to sketch the creature with whatever precision was left in your trembling hands. But the moment the abnormal let out that horrifying cry, your whole body stopped answering.

“Erwin, it smells” was all you heard Squad Leader Miche say before the ground started shaking. You looked around, not really sure what you were searching for. But then, in the distance, you saw them.

They were unsettling. They looked like people. Deformed giant people. But unlike the abnormal, who remained imprisoned by the restraint weapon, there was something more animalistic than human about them.

You stood there, unmoving, while the branch you were standing on threatened to snap. The pencil, suddenly too heavy, slipped from your hand, and you looked down only to see it disappear in the multitude of giants. So this is how they look. Titans.

Were they supposed to act that way though? They seemed to be ignoring everyone and rushing towards… the abnormal.

“All soldiers engage the enemy! Defend the female titan!” The commander’s orders almost got trampled by the deafening footsteps.

These were the type of situations you always tried to avoid.

You took a deep breath and descended into the chaos.

It was very important to never do anything you didn’t feel confident about.

You tried to remember your training.

To stay away from anything you weren’t one hundred percent sure you could handle.

You tried to imagine Shadis’ was the one giving you the orders. Calm down and use your brain. It’s the best survival tool, he used to say.

Go for the nape. Hold the blade tight, and slash like you mean it. Repeat.

Your blade landed on flesh for the first time, and it wasn’t a clean cut. And judging by the fact that the titan was able to get up again, not enough pressure.

In any other situation, you would have been embarrassed.

You looked around and saw the veterans. Titans falling left and right. Impressive.

In any other situation, you would have felt small, diminished by their overwhelming superiority.

‘This is the skill of the Survey Corps’ you thought. And you were now one of them.

But this wasn’t just ‘any other’ situation.

So you tried again.

This time you knew how much pressure to apply. As you sliced the flesh open, something spattered all over your face. It was boiling. But luckily, it evaporated quickly.

So you tried again.

And again.

“Why aren’t we retreating?” You heard a soldier beside you scream. He sounded desperate, and you couldn’t blame him. He had steam coming from all over his body. And you had to admit you shared his sentiment. Everywhere you looked, titans kept rushing in. There seemed to be no end to them.

But until the orders were given, you had no choice but to keep fighting. And to be honest, you had fallen into some kind of rhythm. The movements were actually kind of repetitive. Not to mention, it also helped that titans didn’t seem interested in you at all. Their goal was clear, the female.

You aimed for a nearby tree and released the hook. However, you must have miscalculated the spot, because the next thing you knew, you were being dragged along the forest floor.

You tried to get back up, but in that moment you learned that, in situations like this, limbs have an annoying tendency to turn into concrete. From your position, you only saw treetops and the deceiving sky from earlier, peeking through the foliage as if making fun of you. And then it all started to get blurry.

They say your life flashes before your eyes when you are about to leave, but for you, it didn’t. You didn’t see anything and you didn’t feel anything. Your brain insisted that a fall from that height was supposed to hurt, but there was no pain. You didn’t hear anything either. The world was quiet, as if you were underwater. Under the deepest of rivers, being dragged by the current.

Until you suddenly stopped moving. And you saw them.

Eyes that were the color of the clear blue sky peeking through the clouds after the most violent of storms, the color of the mountain lake glimmering under the sun after the steepest of climbs, and the color of the bluebell field after the harshest of winters. All at once.

You tried reaching for them. And this time your limbs didn’t fail you. As you sat up, it felt as if your body was made of cloud rather than muscle, as if your head was filled with cotton rather than thoughts. And you were met with those eyes again, and the man they belonged to.

The commander. He was kneeling beside you and his mouth was moving as if sound was supposed to come out of it, but you couldn’t make out the words. His blades were drawn, and behind him, a titan had already started to turn into gas, your hook still attached to its head.

You looked into his eyes again, and noticed your entire body shaking, but you couldn’t tell if it was out of fear or from holding back from him. So you threw yourself into his arms. The side of your head pressing hard against his chest, arms wrapped tightly around his waist, a comfortable warmth radiating all throughout your body.

And slowly, all the sensations started to come back, including the throbbing pain you now felt in the back of your head. And you heard loud footsteps behind him, as well as the unmistakable sound of chaos all around. But you also heard the drumming in his chest, something closer to a lullaby than a heartbeat. His arms were warm and welcoming, so you clung to him tighter.

“All soldiers retreat. Assume the formation. Return to Karanes.” You felt his chest moving as he yelled out the orders, one hand on your back while the other fired the blue smoke round that signaled the end of the expedition.

next chapter

taglist: @elnyrae @angelaevangelion

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monologuerhead · 1 year

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Radiohead public library

The idea of the archive is a romantic one: in the age of information technology who can resist the pull of a centralized archive? Not any who has ever followed a trail of hyperlinks through the channels and nooks of Wikipedia. I find myself pulled into the romance of the archive drawn by the hint of knowledge that is just out of reach. The archive is just one way to make sense of the themes that have dominated the 20th century onwards*; cycles of repression, isolation, and capital make themselves clear almost immediately with any sort of sifting into the history of information technology (which is tied inextricably to the history of the archive), but in ways that are difficult to categorize and quantify.

This interest lead me to look into the radiohead public library. In its thoroughness (and their rare willingness to include an archive of their own websites, in the memory hole!) I have been pleasantly surprised to find a reflection of the original memex proposed by Vannevar Bush in his 1945 essay “As We May Think”, a labyrinth of articles linked by the paths of those who have read them before, and open to further linkages as the reader proceeds on. The memex could be seen as the prototype for any website stitched together by hyperlinks, a la wikipedia or the encyclopedia britannica, or more obscurely certain sections of the museum of jurassic technology’s website, and it is through the memex’s associative potential that a nonlinear (even networked) model of the world can be studied for its array of information, displayed for casual consideration, or even used to hypnotize the pursuant into a fictionalized version of events (for example, I still have yet to figure out how close to consensus reality the history of the museum of jurassic tech that is featured on its website. Clicking through the site itself is a trippy experience).

The mind fills the gaps between dream imagery with narrative and the cuts between movie scenes with implication— could the same be true for the spaces between hyperlinks, or even the silence between one tiktok video and the next? What is the meaning that links one thing to another? The Dewey Decimal System incorporates within its classification incredible bias against marginalized groups (thankfully, bias that is, albeit slowly, being addressed) simply in the way that information in the form of published books is sorted into one group or another. Through this sorting information of a slippery kind is introduced into the unwary unconscious. A connection between ‘x marginalized group’ and ‘abnormal psychology’ (DDC 301(dot)4157), has been made in the mind of the pursuant irrationally, and without any supported evidence, anecdotes, or even necessarily logic.

This is an important distinction between these hyperlinked archives and the Borgesian ‘total archive’ introduced in the short story The Library of Babel. The Library of Babel simply presents information at its rawest and most indigestible- disregarding all meaning, all truth, and all direction, the pages of its books contain more or less entire nonsense unless one is willing to use the website to find a specific hex that will repeat to you the phrase that you have asked for. Sure, it contains the summation of all human knowledge (within the english alphabet), but only at infinitesimal odds does one stumble upon meaning within its halls. It is perhaps better (or at least more sensical) if the map is smaller than the territory.

I wonder if in the present day the algorithm is at odds with the old system of hyperlinks. The algorithm approaches with a seemingly benign offer of information and media— arranged on a plate you hardly have to make the connections yourself. It’s far more coherent than the Babelian library, but its system of organization is just as dense and nonsensical (at least to the user, I have no idea what’s going on in the back end. Ping pong tables and swanky apartments in Brooklyn?). The threat within the algorithm is that the connections themselves are unstable and irrational, based and reinforced on the patterns that people already move within, but also directing their movement towards undemocratically controllable goals (I was about to simply say uncontrollable goals, but I realized that yes, there are people behind the algorithm directing it to hit certain metrics of responses or views or emotions or whatever). Being irrational, they’re difficult to rationalize, understand, and either follow further, outside of any given algorithm, or deprogram from the pursuant themself. I’m reminded of Burrough’s cut-up technique that he uses for The Soft Machine and the kind of magical terrorism that he inflicts upon his least favorite cafe. Information will resolve into meaning and meaning will condense into (re)action whether consciously or unconsciously. Even the space within paragraphs, even sentences, requires a willingness to find associative potential.

And so here I am back to my romantic archive, (let’s pretend wikipedia) where I can pretend to see within the spaces between a kind of orderly, genteel meaning, where I the pursuant can follow my own heart down the isles, tracing my own steps in a trail of purple hyperlinks. Or if I’m in the depths of the past twenty-five years of archived radiohead websites, I can find a surreal landscape where I can only partially direct my path through lyrics and images both familiar and unfamiliar; things that pertain to the year that the site was archived and things that did not reappear until much, much later (burn the witch). Still, despite all its surrealism, meaning surfaces like the white whale, and the ship goes down with its hunt.

Anyway, I wrote this all on a whim. I like to pretend to be 45 years old. I like radiohead.

*I’d be very open to extending this date further back but unfortunately I haven’t found a whole lot of material that goes further than that— or maybe I’m just not that interested in anything much older

#radiohead #william s burroughs #borges

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compneuropapers · 2 months

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Interesting Papers for Week 10, 2024

Children seek help based on how others learn. Bridgers, S., De Simone, C., Gweon, H., & Ruggeri, A. (2023). Child Development, 94(5), 1259–1280.

Dopamine regulates decision thresholds in human reinforcement learning in males. Chakroun, K., Wiehler, A., Wagner, B., Mathar, D., Ganzer, F., van Eimeren, T., … Peters, J. (2023). Nature Communications, 14, 5369.

Abnormal sense of agency in eating disorders. Colle, L., Hilviu, D., Boggio, M., Toso, A., Longo, P., Abbate-Daga, G., … Fossataro, C. (2023). Scientific Reports, 13, 14176.

Different time scales of common‐cause evidence shape multisensory integration, recalibration and motor adaptation. Debats, N. B., Heuer, H., & Kayser, C. (2023). European Journal of Neuroscience, 58(5), 3253–3269.

Inferential eye movement control while following dynamic gaze. Han, N. X., & Eckstein, M. P. (2023). eLife, 12, e83187.

Dissociable roles of human frontal eye fields and early visual cortex in presaccadic attention. Hanning, N. M., Fernández, A., & Carrasco, M. (2023). Nature Communications, 14, 5381.

Neural tuning instantiates prior expectations in the human visual system. Harrison, W. J., Bays, P. M., & Rideaux, R. (2023). Nature Communications, 14, 5320.

Acute exercise has specific effects on the formation process and pathway of visual perception in healthy young men. Komiyama, T., Takedomi, H., Aoyama, C., Goya, R., & Shimegi, S. (2023). European Journal of Neuroscience, 58(5), 3239–3252.

Locating causal hubs of memory consolidation in spontaneous brain network in male mice. Li, Z., Athwal, D., Lee, H.-L., Sah, P., Opazo, P., & Chuang, K.-H. (2023). Nature Communications, 14, 5399.

Development of multisensory processing in ferret parietal cortex. Medina, A. E., Foxworthy, W. A., Keum, D., & Meredith, M. A. (2023). European Journal of Neuroscience, 58(5), 3226–3238.

Optimal routing to cerebellum-like structures. Muscinelli, S. P., Wagner, M. J., & Litwin-Kumar, A. (2023). Nature Neuroscience, 26(9), 1630–1641.

In vivo ephaptic coupling allows memory network formation. Pinotsis, D. A., & Miller, E. K. (2023). Cerebral Cortex, 33(17), 9877–9895.

Sex-dependent noradrenergic modulation of premotor cortex during decision-making. Rodberg, E. M., den Hartog, C. R., Dauster, E. S., & Vazey, E. M. (2023). eLife, 12, e85590.

Propagation of activity through the cortical hierarchy and perception are determined by neural variability. Rowland, J. M., van der Plas, T. L., Loidolt, M., Lees, R. M., Keeling, J., Dehning, J., … Packer, A. M. (2023). Nature Neuroscience, 26(9), 1584–1594.

High-precision mapping reveals the structure of odor coding in the human brain. Sagar, V., Shanahan, L. K., Zelano, C. M., Gottfried, J. A., & Kahnt, T. (2023). Nature Neuroscience, 26(9), 1595–1602.

The locus of recognition memory signals in human cortex depends on the complexity of the memory representations. Sanders, D. M. W., & Cowell, R. A. (2023). Cerebral Cortex, 33(17), 9835–9849.

Velocity of conduction between columns and layers in barrel cortex reported by parvalbumin interneurons. Scheuer, K. S., Judge, J. M., Zhao, X., & Jackson, M. B. (2023). Cerebral Cortex, 33(17), 9917–9926.

Acetylcholine and noradrenaline enhance foraging optimality in humans. Sidorenko, N., Chung, H.-K., Grueschow, M., Quednow, B. B., Hayward-Könnecke, H., Jetter, A., & Tobler, P. N. (2023). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(36), e2305596120.

Rats adaptively seek information to accommodate a lack of information. Yuki, S., Sakurai, Y., & Yanagihara, D. (2023). Scientific Reports, 13, 14417.

Beta traveling waves in monkey frontal and parietal areas encode recent reward history. Zabeh, E., Foley, N. C., Jacobs, J., & Gottlieb, J. P. (2023). Nature Communications, 14, 5428.

#neuroscience #science #research #brain science #scientific publications #cognitive science #neurobiology #cognition #psychophysics #computational neuroscience #neural computation #neural networks #neurons

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gray-gray-gray-gray · 9 months

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Chapter 10 of Psychosis, Trauma and Dissociation: Structural Brain Changes in Psychosis

Recent animal and human studies shows that early life adversity can change the developing brain, in ways similar to psychotic disorders. Early life adversity can alter brain development (it modifies process like methylation and acetylation, changing gene expression and as such the structure and functioning of neurons and neural networks.) Because of this, the brain's systems work differently.

This will outline the way brains of people with psychosis will differ, with a focus on schizophrenia. It will go over the hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and insula - and then the relationships between them. (It's gonna get real sciency - I tried my best to paraphrase to simpler terms, but it's kinda hard to do that when we're talking the structure of the brain.)

Hippocampus: The center of a variety of functions, from memory to spatial nagivation to cognitive maps.

Structural changes to the hippocampus were first identified in schizophrenia more than 35 years ago. Needless to say, it's pretty common. It has, bilaterally, 5-10% smaller volume, with the smallest volumes reported in chronic states and elderly patients. Decreased volume was correlated with childhood adversity. All hippocampal subfields were affected, with some studies finding changes in the anterior parts, CA1 and the subiculum while others found stronger results in the posterior parts, CA2-3 and CA4-dendate gyrus. The reduced volume correlates with both positive and negative psychotic symptoms, and increased sensitivity to stress.

Cellularly, changes in schizophrenia were decreased mRNA expression of GR receptors (in all hippocampal subfields), decreased # of apical dendrite spines and spine density in subicular internal pyramidal neurons, reduced size of pyramidal neuron cell bodies, and reduced interneuron activity containing parvalbumin and interneuron density and number. Overall the cellular changes are highly consistent with those found after early adversity (in animal research.)

Amygdala: Made of many different nuclei, it is also involved in a variety of functions - fear conditioning, memory, perception, attention…

The results of studies looking at first epsiode psychosis and schizophrenia have been relatively consistent with lower amygdala volume. There was some evidence of progressively reduced volume in schizophrenia. Some authors argued the sizes were rather small and that large sample sizes were needed for differences to appear in a significant manner.

Earlier studies suggested that reductions in volume were not there in first episode psychosis, but more recent studies contradict that, also noting that the smaller amygdala volume correlated with childhood trauma. In a contrast, one study reported increased amygdala size in adolescents - the mean age at 14 years - with schizophrenia. In response to the range of findings, the book proposes that one explanation could be that the age of which the adversity was experienced and the age at which brain scans were performed differed.

Frontal Lobes: The ones in control of higher order executive functions, from working memory, goal-directed thinking, problem solving, cognitive flexibility, mental representations, to the control of feelings and behavior.

Psychotic disorders have consistently found abnormal frontal lobe functioning. The frontal and prefrontal regions show widespread reduced volume (middle and inferior frontal regions, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices.) The volume loss is particularly prominent in the inferior and medial frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate. In patients with schizophrenia, there is a significant association between sexual abuse and volume loss of the prefrontal cortical.

The following interneuron changes may be significant to the aberrant cortical gamma oscillations and compromised cognitive functions in psychotic disorders: a decrease in GR mNRA expression, reduced dendritic spine density in deep layer three pyramidal cells, and in the anterior cingulate, altered density, size, and shape of pyramidal cells and interneurons. In individuals with schizophrenia, the subpopulation of GABA interneurons expressing parvalbumin are altered - reduced density in the anterior cingulate and reduced activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. GAD67 expression is reduced in frontal cortical regions.

Frontal lobe volume loss in psychotic disorders is consistent with the fact that the frontal lobes are sensitive to stress, leading to volume loss and a myriad of changes in pyramidal cells and interneurons. It seems to match that of detailed changes seen after early life stressed.

Insula: This piece is involved with the functions like intereoception - awareness of the body and of feelings, saliency detection, integration of external stimuli, self-consciousness, the experience of identity, and individual personality.

In individuals at a very high risk for psychosis, reduced insula volume has been reported. In patients that developed schizophrenia, there was a highly consistently reported reduction in insular volume - right and left, anterior and posterior parts all included - with the mean reduction being 5.2%. Reduced insular volume has been associated with positive symptoms and negative symptoms in those with schizophrenia. Overall, reduced insula volume is a common finding.

Relationships between the different parts: The parts of the brain don't work independently, so of course, this has to be touched on too.

Altered functional connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex has been found in psychosis, as well as between several other brain regions like the hippocampus, amygdala, insula, and prefrontal cortex. The several findings in psychotic disorders include an increased baseline level of cortisol, cortisol sensitization to new stressors and cortisol habituation to known stressors, as well as dopamine hyperactivity in the striatum and hypoactivity in the prefrontal cortex.

All of these changes are also seen after early life stress! This can suggest that the mechanisms behind the brain's structural alterations seen in psychosis could be the same as those involved with brain changes after early life stress. This raises the question of whether or not adversity is what causes the neurological anomalies in psychotic disorders.

Overall, the book says it can be argued that the experiences of early adversity could be a cause, even a primary cause, for most brain abnormalities in psychotic disorders.

#graypost #psychosis #psychology #neurodivergent #<- tagging that because this is about literal actual brain changes #very interesting #nerdpost #book: psychosis trauma and dissociation

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drforambhuta · 7 days

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Explaining the Mechanism of Deep Brain Stimulation

Understanding how Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) functions involves ongoing research into its neurobiological effects. The current theories suggest that DBS, achieved through high-frequency electrical pulses delivered via implanted electrodes, impacts neural networks involved in Parkinson's disease. By disrupting abnormal neural signaling patterns and promoting synchronized firing of neurons, DBS alleviates motor dysfunction and provides varying degrees of relief.

Selecting Candidates and Performing the Surgery

Before undergoing DBS, patients undergo a thorough evaluation to determine if they're suitable candidates and to identify the best treatment targets. Ideal candidates typically have advanced Parkinson's disease, experience motor fluctuations despite medication, and respond well to levodopa. Factors like psychological well-being, cognitive abilities, and other medical conditions are also considered to minimize risks and improve outcomes. The surgical procedure involves precise targeting of specific brain structures within the basal ganglia, aided by advanced imaging techniques and intraoperative mapping. Once the electrodes are in place, a pulse generator implanted under the skin delivers customized electrical impulses to the targeted areas in a controlled manner.

Effectiveness and Advantages of Deep Brain Stimulation

Numerous clinical studies confirm the significant and long-lasting benefits of DBS in reducing Parkinson's symptoms and enhancing patients' lives. Research consistently shows improvements in motor function, reduced medication needs, and better management of motor fluctuations post-DBS. Additionally, DBS can positively impact mood, cognition, and daily activities, with these benefits enduring over time, highlighting DBS as a pivotal aspect of Parkinson's treatment.

Challenges and Considerations

Despite its effectiveness, DBS comes with inherent risks and perioperative considerations. Surgical risks such as bleeding, infection, and device-related issues emphasize the importance of careful patient selection and management. Programming the DBS system post-surgery requires ongoing adjustments to balance symptom control and minimize side effects, necessitating close collaboration between patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.

Long-term monitoring is crucial for detecting and addressing complications, ensuring device functionality, and intervening promptly when necessary. You can opt for a regular full body health checkup at Manipal Hospital Yeshwantpur Bangalore, which is one of the best hospitals in India.

#deep brain stimulation #parkinson's disease #bleeding #infection #full body health checkup #regular health checkups

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howchinablocksvpn · 14 days

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In conclusion, Netflix VPN detection presents a challenge for users seeking to access geo-blocked content. By understanding how Netflix detects VPN usage and employing various bypass techniques, users can enhance their streaming experience while complying with Netflix's terms of service.

Geo-blocking detection

Geo-blocking detection refers to the technology used to identify and restrict access to online content based on the geographical location of the user. This practice is often employed by content providers, websites, and streaming services to comply with licensing agreements, regional regulations, or to enforce pricing strategies.

The process of geo-blocking detection involves analyzing various data points such as IP addresses, GPS coordinates, and user account information to determine the user's location. IP geolocation databases play a crucial role in this process, providing accurate information about the geographical location associated with an IP address.

There are several methods used for geo-blocking detection:

IP Geolocation: This method involves mapping IP addresses to specific geographic locations using databases maintained by various organizations. By analyzing the IP address of a user, websites and services can determine their approximate location and apply relevant access restrictions.

GPS Data: Some devices and applications collect GPS data to determine the user's precise location. This information can be used to enforce geo-blocking measures, ensuring that users only access content available in their region.

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): While VPNs are primarily used to bypass geo-blocking restrictions, they can also be used for detection purposes. By analyzing VPN traffic patterns and IP addresses, content providers can identify users attempting to circumvent geo-blocking measures.

User Account Information: Websites and services may also use information provided during account registration, such as billing addresses or zip codes, to verify the user's location and enforce geo-blocking.

Overall, geo-blocking detection plays a vital role in controlling access to online content and ensuring compliance with regional regulations and licensing agreements. However, it is also a controversial practice, as it can limit access to information and cultural content based on arbitrary geographical boundaries.

IP address masking

Title: Understanding IP Address Masking: Enhancing Online Privacy and Security

In the digital age, safeguarding one's online privacy and security has become paramount. With the prevalence of cyber threats and surveillance, internet users are increasingly turning to tools and techniques to protect their identities and sensitive information. One such method gaining prominence is IP address masking.

IP address masking involves concealing one's real IP (Internet Protocol) address to prevent websites, hackers, and other third parties from tracking their online activities. Every device connected to the internet is assigned a unique IP address, which acts as a digital identifier. However, this address can also reveal a user's geographical location, internet service provider, and browsing history, posing risks to their privacy.

There are several methods to mask an IP address effectively. One common approach is through Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). VPNs create a secure, encrypted connection between the user's device and the internet, rerouting their internet traffic through remote servers located in different regions. As a result, the user's actual IP address is replaced with the IP address of the VPN server, making it appear as though they are browsing from a different location.

Another method is through proxy servers, which act as intermediaries between the user's device and the internet. When a user accesses a website through a proxy server, the website only sees the IP address of the proxy server, shielding the user's true identity.

IP address masking offers several benefits beyond privacy protection. It can bypass geo-restrictions, allowing users to access region-locked content and services. Additionally, it enhances security by masking vulnerable IP addresses from potential cyber attacks and surveillance.

In conclusion, IP address masking is a valuable tool for safeguarding online privacy and security. By obscuring their real IP addresses, internet users can browse the web anonymously, protect their sensitive information, and enjoy a safer and more unrestricted online experience.

VPN bypass methods

Title: Exploring VPN Bypass Methods: Understanding the Ins and Outs

In today's digitally connected world, the use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) has become increasingly common. VPNs offer users a secure and private way to browse the internet, protecting their sensitive data from prying eyes. However, there are instances where users may need to bypass VPNs for various reasons, ranging from accessing region-locked content to optimizing network performance. Let's delve into some of the methods used to bypass VPNs and the implications associated with them.

One common method to bypass VPNs is by using proxy servers. Proxies act as intermediaries between the user's device and the internet, masking the user's IP address and effectively bypassing the VPN's encryption. While proxies can provide a workaround for accessing geo-blocked content, they may not offer the same level of security as VPNs, making users vulnerable to data breaches and surveillance.

Another method is through the use of DNS manipulation. By altering DNS settings or using DNS tunneling techniques, users can reroute their internet traffic outside of the VPN tunnel, effectively bypassing the VPN's encryption. However, this method comes with its own set of risks, including potential DNS leaks and exposure to malicious actors.

Additionally, some users resort to using Tor over VPN or VPN chaining techniques to further obfuscate their online activities. By routing their traffic through multiple layers of encryption and anonymity networks, users can enhance their privacy and bypass certain VPN restrictions. However, these methods may significantly impact network performance and are not foolproof against determined adversaries.

It's essential for users to understand the implications of bypassing VPNs and weigh the risks against the benefits. While bypassing VPNs may offer temporary solutions for accessing restricted content or improving network performance, it can also compromise user privacy and security. Therefore, it's crucial to exercise caution and employ reputable VPN providers that prioritize user privacy and security above all else.

Streaming service restrictions

Streaming services have become increasingly popular in recent years, offering a wide range of movies, TV shows, and other content to viewers around the world. However, with this increased popularity comes a new set of challenges in the form of streaming service restrictions.

One common restriction imposed by streaming services is geographic limitations. Due to licensing agreements and copyright laws, certain content may only be available to viewers in specific regions. This can be frustrating for users who want to access a particular show or movie that is not available in their country.

Another common restriction is device limitations. Some streaming services may only be accessible on certain devices or operating systems, limiting the flexibility and convenience for users who prefer to watch on multiple platforms.

Furthermore, streaming services may also impose restrictions on the number of devices that can stream content simultaneously under one account. This can be problematic for families or households with multiple users who want to watch different content at the same time.

To bypass these restrictions, some users may turn to virtual private networks (VPNs) to mask their location and access geo-blocked content. However, this practice may violate the streaming service's terms of service and could result in the user's account being suspended or terminated.

In conclusion, while streaming services offer a convenient way to access a wide variety of content, users may encounter restrictions related to geography, devices, and simultaneous streams. It is important for users to be aware of these limitations and to explore legal means of accessing the content they desire.

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cnilocates · 1 month

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The Importance of GPR Utility Locators in Preventing Damage to Underground Infrastructure

Our contemporary civilization is supported by an intricate web of subterranean utilities that are hidden under the surface of our cities and towns. These utilities, which range from gas and electricity lines to telephone networks and water and sewage pipelines, are the unseen lifelines that allow vital services to reach our homes, workplaces, and communities. But because they are buried, there are a lot of hazards while doing excavation, remodeling, or building operations. Accidentally hitting a subterranean utility can result in expensive repairs, interrupted service, and sometimes even fatalities. In order to reduce these dangers and guarantee the security and effectiveness of building projects, experts depend on cutting-edge technology such as GPR utility locators. In this thorough analysis, we examine the vital function GPR utility locators play in protecting subterranean infrastructure as well as the priceless advantages they provide for building projects.

Understanding GPR Technology

The basic idea behind ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology is to deliver electromagnetic pulses into the earth and then analyze the returns to produce finely detailed subsurface pictures. These pictures, also known as radargrams or scans, are useful for determining the position, depth, and makeup of subterranean items and structures. A transmitter antenna that sends radar waves into the ground, a receiver antenna that picks up the reflected signals, and a control unit that analyzes and shows the data in real-time are the usual components of GPR systems. GPR utility locators can precisely locate and map subterranean utilities, voids, and abnormalities by examining the reflected signals' amplitude, frequency, and transit time.

Risks of Damage to Underground Utilities

Subterranean utility damage can have serious, far-reaching effects. Unexpected collisions that happen during building or excavation can cause financial losses, service interruptions, environmental damage, and even fatalities. For example, striking a gas line might result in leaks, fires, or explosions, putting neighboring households and employees in imminent danger. In a similar vein, breaking electrical lines can result in expensive repairs, power disruptions, and electrocution risks. In addition, burst water pipes can cause property damage, water waste, and interruptions to necessary services.

Role of GPR Utility Locators

In order to reduce the dangers involved with subterranean building projects, GPR utility locators are essential. Prior to the start of any excavation or construction work, their main goal is to precisely map and locate any hidden utilities. GPR technology helps builders make educated judgments and steer clear of expensive blunders by giving real-time data on the location, type, and depth of subterranean utilities. GPR utility locators are essential instruments that ensure project safety and efficiency, whether they are being used for planning a new building foundation, installing underground infrastructure, or performing maintenance.

Private Utility Locators

A wide spectrum of customers, including companies, government organizations, and individuals, depend on private utility locators for precise mapping of subterranean utilities on their sites. Whether designing an excavation in the backyard, building a swimming pool, or remodeling a business facility, private utility locators provide customized solutions to match project requirements. Property owners and contractors may guarantee regulatory compliance, reduce risks, and safeguard their assets from any harm by employing private utility locators. To further improve the precision and dependability of their findings, private utility locators frequently provide other services including utility mapping, ground-penetrating radar surveys, and utility mark-outs.

Preventive Measures and Compliance

Regarding utility locating services, adherence to legal and regulatory standards is crucial. A lot of places require you to get permits and find utilities before you start any excavation or building work. Construction projects can reduce the chance of damaging subterranean utilities and guarantee worker and community safety by following these standards and putting best practices for utility location into effect. Project efficiency and safety can also be increased by funding preventative measures including thorough utility mapping, on-site training, and appropriate equipment maintenance. Construction teams may reduce delays, save expensive repairs, and guarantee the successful completion of their projects by being proactive in identifying and mitigating risks.

#gpr utility locator #utility locating service #private utility locator

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cardiologybd · 3 months

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Cardiac Catheterization in Bangladesh

Worried about your heart health? In Bangladesh, a powerful diagnostic tool called cardiac catheterization offers a detailed look inside your heart's chambers and arteries, shedding light on potential problems and paving the way for effective treatment. This minimally invasive procedure is increasingly accessible and can be a key player in managing cardiovascular health for Bangladeshis.

What is Cardiac Catheterization?

Imagine a map of your heart's intricate network of blood vessels. Cardiac catheterization creates precisely that, using a thin, flexible tube called a catheter inserted through an artery in your groin or wrist and guided to your heart. Specialized dyes and X-ray imaging paint a clear picture of your coronary arteries, revealing: - Blockages or narrowings: Identifying coronary artery disease (CAD), a major cause of heart attacks. - Valve abnormalities: Assessing the function of your heart valves, detecting leaks or narrowing. - Congenital heart defects: Diagnosing structural abnormalities present since birth.

Why is it Essential in Bangladesh?

Cardiovascular disease reigns as the leading cause of death in Bangladesh, claiming nearly 30% of lives lost. Early detection and intervention are crucial for reducing this burden, and cardiac catheterization plays a vital role: - Accurate Diagnosis: Provides definitive confirmation of CAD or other heart conditions, eliminating diagnostic doubts and enabling precise treatment planning. - Guiding Interventions: Informs decisions about interventional procedures like angioplasty or stenting, ensuring targeted and effective treatment. - Improving Outcomes: Early diagnosis and intervention through catheterization lead to better long-term cardiovascular health and reduced mortality rates.

Procedure and Accessibility:

The cardiac catheterization procedure itself is minimally invasive, with the catheter guided to your heart under local anesthesia. Recovery times are generally short, and the procedure is performed in well-equipped cardiac catheterization labs in major Bangladeshi hospitals.

Cost and Availability:

While costs can vary depending on the hospital and complexity of the procedure, cardiac catheterization is becoming increasingly affordable in Bangladesh. Government initiatives and private insurance coverage are making it more accessible for patients.

Finding the Right Specialist:

Consult a cardiologist who specializes in interventional cardiology for a comprehensive evaluation and recommendation on whether cardiac catheterization is right for you. Reputable hospitals like National Heart Foundation, Square Hospitals, and Chittagong Medical College Hospital offer advanced facilities and experienced specialists.

Taking Control of Your Heart Health:

Cardiac catheterization in Bangladesh empowers you to proactively manage your heart health. By understanding the procedure, its importance, and accessibility, you can make informed decisions about your well-being. Remember, early detection and intervention are key to preventing and managing cardiovascular disease, leading to a healthier and longer life. Learn More Read the full article

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charaznablunt · 10 months

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What makes science fiction beautiful?

In this episode of Starboard Vineyard Tours, we explore seven aesthetic concepts which today's reading, Istvan Csicsery-Ronay's The Seven Beauties of Science Fiction, claims characterize the genre. Listen here!

#starboard vineyard tours #abnormal mapping #abnormal mapping network #podcast #podcasts #science fiction #sci fi

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algosoftapps · 4 months

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Node.js Performance Optimization Techniques Every Developer Should Know

Introduction

Node.js has become a popular choice for building scalable and high-performance web applications. However, as your application grows, you may encounter performance bottlenecks that can affect the user experience. In this article, we will explore essential Node JS development company performance optimization techniques that every developer should be familiar with to ensure their applications run smoothly and efficiently.

Code Profiling and Analysis

Before diving into optimizations, it's crucial to identify performance bottlenecks. Utilize tools like Node.js built-in profiler, V8 profiler, or third-party tools like clinic.js and New Relic. Profiling helps you understand where your application spends most of its time, allowing you to focus your optimization efforts on the critical areas.

Caching Strategies

Caching is a powerful technique to reduce response times and enhance performance. Implement caching at different levels: application-level caching, in-memory caching using tools like Redis, and content delivery network (CDN) caching for static assets. Caching can significantly reduce the load on your server by serving frequently requested data from a cache rather than regenerating it on every request.

Optimizing Database Queries

Database queries often contribute to performance bottlenecks. Optimize your queries by indexing frequently used fields, using appropriate join strategies, and avoiding unnecessary queries. Consider using an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) library like Sequelize or Mongoose, which can help optimize and abstract away some of the database-related complexities.

Concurrency and Parallelism

Node.js is single-threaded, but it supports concurrency through an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model. Leverage this model by using the cluster module to create multiple worker processes that can handle requests concurrently. Additionally, consider using tools like the async library or native Promises to handle asynchronous operations in a more organized and efficient manner.

Load Balancing

Distribute incoming traffic across multiple server instances using load balancing. This helps in achieving better resource utilization and scalability. Popular tools like Nginx and HAProxy can be used for load balancing. Additionally, cloud providers often offer load balancing services that can be easily integrated into your infrastructure.

Optimizing Dependencies

Regularly update your dependencies to benefit from performance improvements and security updates. Use tools like npm audit to identify and address security vulnerabilities in your dependencies. Minimize the number of dependencies and only include the modules you truly need to reduce the application's footprint.

Compressing Responses

Reduce the amount of data transmitted between the server and clients by enabling compression. Node.js supports response compression through modules like compression. This can significantly improve the speed of your application, especially for clients on slower networks.

Gzip Compression

Enable Gzip compression for static assets to further reduce the size of files sent over the network. This is particularly effective for large files like stylesheets and scripts. Many web servers and frameworks, including Express.js, provide easy ways to enable Gzip compression.

Optimizing Frontend Assets

Optimize and minify your frontend assets, such as CSS, JavaScript, and images. Tools like Webpack and Babel can help bundle and minify your scripts, reducing their size and improving load times. Additionally, consider lazy loading assets to load only what is necessary for the current page, improving initial page load times.

Monitoring and Logging

Implement robust monitoring and logging solutions to keep track of your application's performance in real-time. Tools like Prometheus and Grafana can help you create dashboards and set up alerts for abnormal behavior. Detailed logs can provide insights into issues, helping you diagnose and address performance problems promptly.

Conclusion

Node JS development company offers a powerful platform for building scalable and performant applications, but optimizing for performance is an ongoing process. By incorporating these Node.js performance optimization techniques into your development workflow, you can ensure that your applications deliver a fast and responsive user experience, even as they scale. Regularly analyze and profile your code, stay updated on best practices, and adapt your strategies to the evolving needs of your application.

#app development #app developing company #webdevelopment #web developing company

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kryptonite-solutions · 4 months

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Revolutionizing Healthcare: Exploring the Intriguing World of fMRI Technology

One area where fMRI displays enormous potential is creating more immersive and personalized patient experiences during MRI scans. Traditionally, MRI scans could be loud, isolating, and uncomfortable for patients. But new fMRI visual systems and MRI cinemas are dramatically improving this. These allow patients to watch movies, television, video games, virtual reality environments, and more during scans on special MRI compatible display screens and headsets. Offering patients specialized entertainment, relaxation techniques, and diversions can enhance the MRI experience. Research suggests that medical imaging procedures are executed more efficiently and yield more favorable results when patients are in tranquility and relaxation. Patients allow autonomy in selecting materials to give them a sense of control during an otherwise restrictive machine scan.

Enhanced patient monitoring

Advanced MRI compatible camera systems mounted inside MRI scanner bores enhance the imaging experience. Instead of audio communication, intra-bore cameras let doctors see patients throughout scans to assure their safety and comfort. Knowing professionals are watching may make patients feel more cared for. The inside eyes also enable better patient coaching and positional corrections during scans as issues arise for cleaner final images. Unlocking insights into brain function

Neuroscientists can learn a lot about the complicated workings of the brain and how it works by looking at brain activity with the FMRI System. Researchers are getting a better idea of how healthy and unhealthy brains work as machine learning systems get better at studying functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data with many different types of information.

These in-depth scans make detailed maps of structures and links that are linked to a range of cognitive abilities and behaviors, such as movement control, sense awareness, thinking, mood regulation, language skills, decision-making, memory formation, and more. fMRI lets scientists study which complex brain networks are active when we do things like recognize a familiar face, listen to music, grieve after a loss, or even fall in love. Informing Treatments and Evaluations

These functional neural maps have a wide range of medical uses. They can provide more precise guidance for targeted neurosurgeries and improve evaluations for conditions such as visual or auditory impairment, cognitive disorders, psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, epileptic seizures, language difficulties, substance dependencies, chronic pain syndromes, movement abnormalities, and others. fMRI scans provide improved therapeutic assessments on a micro-brain structure scale by analyzing before and after therapy. Exploring Cognition and Behavior

Finally, adapting immersive VR technology to work inside fMRI scanners unlocks remarkable research possibilities. Scientists can now present subjects with custom-simulated realities for studying precisely synchronized brain responses and mental phenomena that are difficult to recreate in labs. This promises a deeper study into things like spatial processing, threat reactions, skill acquisition, group dynamics, moral reasoning, and beyond during fMRI neuroimaging. The healthcare and neuroscience insights gleaned will prove invaluable.

As FMRI System resolution, power, and speed keep improving in tandem with smart AI analytics, so will this technology’s incredible contributions toward comprehending and enhancing brain function for healthcare. fMRI continues to open captivating neurological windows into the intricate world of minds and bodies. Kryptonite Solutions stands as a beacon of innovation in the healthcare industry, harnessing the power of cutting-edge technologies to revolutionize patient care and advance our understanding of the human body. Their dedication to patient well-being and unwavering commitment to innovation position them as a driving force in shaping the future of healthcare.

Virtual Skylights for Healthcare

#fmri visual system #mri compatible display #mri compatible monitor #virtual skylights for healthcare #mri compatibles #mri healthcare systems #in bore mri experience #mri ambience

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govindhtech · 4 months

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Anomaly detection in machine learning

Detecting aberrant data, or outliers, in bigger data sets with possible insights into company activity is vital for uncovering inefficiencies, infrequent events, the core cause of difficulties, or operational improvements. What is an anomaly and why is detection important?

Anomalies differ by company and function. Definition of “normal” patterns and metrics based on business operations and goals and identification of data points outside of an operation’s typical behavior is anomaly detection. For instance, heavy website or app traffic for a certain period may indicate a cybersecurity threat, therefore you’d want a system that instantly warns you to fraud. It could also indicate a successful marketing campaign. Knowing and interpreting anomalies and having data to contextualize them is crucial to understanding and safeguarding your business.

IT departments working in data science must make sense of growing and changing data. This blog will discuss how machine learning and artificial intelligence are used to detect abnormal activity using supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised methods.

Supervised learning Supervised learning detects anomalies using real-world input and output data. These anomaly detection systems require data analysts to categorize data points as normal or abnormal for training. A machine learning model trained with labeled data may identify outliers from examples. This type of machine learning can detect known outliers but not unexpected abnormalities or future difficulties.

Common supervised machine learning algorithms:

KNN algorithm: This anomaly detection approach uses density-based classifiers or regression modeling. Regression modeling determines the link between labeled and variable data. The idea is that similar data points will be close together. Anomalies occur when data points are farther from dense sections.

LOF: Local outlier factor KNN and local outlier factor are density-based algorithms. KNN develops assumptions based on data points closest together, while LOF draws conclusions from data points farthest apart.

Unsupervised learning Unsupervised learning can handle complex data sets without labels. Unsupervised learning uses deep learning and neural networks or auto encoders that replicate biological neuron signals. These strong techniques may identify patterns in raw data and assume normality.

These methods can help find anomalies and reduce laborious combing through enormous data sets. However, data scientists should monitor unsupervised learning outputs. Because these methods make assumptions about incoming data, they may mislabel abnormalities.

For unstructured data, machine learning algorithms include:

K-means: This data visualization technology clusters comparable data points using a mathematical equation. Means, or average data, are the cluster center points that all other data is associated to. Data analysis can reveal patterns and insights from unusual data using these clusters.

Isolation forest: The isolation forest algorithm detects anomalies using unsupervised data. Unlike supervised anomaly detection, which starts with labeled normal data points, this method isolates abnormalities first. Like a “random forest,” it builds “decision trees” that map data points and randomly select a region to study. Repeating this method gives each point an anomaly score between 0 and 1 based on its proximity to the others; values below.5 are regarded typical, but levels above that threshold are odd. Scikit-learn, a free Python machine learning package, has isolation forest models.

One-class support vector machine (SVM): This anomaly detection method defines normality using training data. Clusters within the defined borders are typical, whereas those outside are abnormalities.

Semi-supervised learning Semi-supervised anomaly detection approaches combine the benefits of the preceding two. Engineers can automate feature learning and work with unstructured data using unsupervised learning. By combining it with human supervision, they can monitor and regulate model learning processes. This frequently improves model predictions.

Linear regression: This predictive machine learning tool uses dependent and independent variables. Using statistical equations, the dependent variable is calculated from the independent variable. When just some information is known, these equations predict future outcomes using labeled and unlabeled data.

Use scenarios for anomaly detection Anomaly detection helps businesses across industries perform. Data type and operational challenge determine the employment of supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning techniques. Use cases for anomaly detection include:

Supervised learning applications: Retail Labeled data from last year’s sales can anticipate future goals. It can also set sales personnel benchmarks based on prior performance and company needs. Patterns can reveal product, marketing, and seasonality as all sales data is known.

A weather forecast Using historical data, supervised learning algorithms can forecast weather trends. Recent barometric pressure, temperature, and wind speed data helps meteorologists make more accurate forecasts that account for changing conditions.

Unsupervised learning is use cases Intrusion detection system These software or hardware devices monitor network traffic for security breaches or criminal behavior. Machine learning algorithms can detect real-time network threats, protecting user data and system functioning.

These algorithms can visualize typical performance using time series data, which analyzes data points at defined intervals throughout time. Network traffic spikes or unusual patterns can be highlighted as security risks.

Manufacturing Manufacturing products, optimizing quality assurance, and managing supply networks require effective machinery operation. Unsupervised learning systems can forecast equipment failures using unlabeled sensor data. Companies can fix before a severe breakdown, decreasing equipment downtime.

Medical application cases for semi-supervised learning Medical Medical experts can categorize diseased photographs using machine learning techniques. However, visuals differ from person to person, making it impossible to categorize all potential issues. Once trained, these algorithms can process patient data, infer from unlabeled photos, and identify issues.

Fraud detection Predictive algorithms can detect fraud using semi-supervised learning using labeled and unlabeled data. Labeled credit card transactions can reveal strange purchasing trends.

Fraud detection solutions can also make inferences based on user activity, such as location, log-in device, and other unlabeled data.

Observability in anomaly detection Tools that make performance data more visible enhance anomaly detection. These tools assist prevent and fix abnormalities by identifying them immediately. IBM Instana Observability uses AI and machine learning to provide team members with a comprehensive performance data view, enabling mistake prediction and proactive troubleshooting.

IBM Watsonx.ai is a strong generative AI tool that can analyze massive data sets and provide valuable insights. IBM Watson.ai can quickly and thoroughly analyze data to find patterns and trends that can be used to spot anomalies and anticipate future outliers. Watson.ai serves several business needs across industries.