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sunrise-metal · 2 years

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How to Choose the Best Aluminum Die Casting Supplier?

When selecting the best aluminum die casting supplier for your project, there are many factors that need to be taken into consideration.

As the aluminum die casting process is often used to produce parts with more intricate shapes and sizes, selecting the right supplier is essential for achieving the desired results.

Here are some tips to help you choose the best aluminum die casting supplier for your project. The first step in choosing an aluminum die casting supplier is to research their experience and qualifications.

Look for a supplier that is knowledgeable about the specific type of aluminum die casting that you need for your project.

It is also important to ensure that the supplier has the necessary certifications and accreditations, such as ISO 9001 and AS 9100.

The next step in selecting an aluminum die casting supplier is to evaluate their quality control processes. Quality control is essential in aluminum die casting, as it ensures that parts are produced to the highest standards and meet your specifications.

Make sure the supplier you choose has a robust quality control system in place to ensure that your parts are produced with the highest quality. It is also important to research the supplier’s customer service.

Ask for references from past customers and read customer reviews to get an idea of the quality of service you can expect from the supplier.

You should also ask the supplier about their turnaround times and delivery options.

Finally, consider the supplier’s pricing. Different suppliers may offer different prices, so make sure to compare quotes from multiple suppliers before making your decision.

Also, ask if the supplier offers any discounts or special offers. Choosing the right aluminum die casting supplier is essential for achieving the desired results in your project.

By following these tips, you can ensure that you select the best supplier for your project.

Make sure to research the supplier’s experience and qualifications, evaluate their quality control processes, research their customer service, and compare quotes from multiple suppliers before making your decision.

With the right supplier, you can be sure that your aluminum die casting project will be a success.

#aluminum die casting #die casting #aluminum die casting design guide #CNC machining #aluminum machining #CNC aluminum #Precision Machining #aluminium machining china #CNC cutting #CNC milling #CNC grinding #CNC welding #CNC forming #CNC stamping #CNC punching #Casting Machining #Forging Machining

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wheelsgoroundincircles · 9 months

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FORD MUSTANG BOSS 302

BOSS-A-NOVA!

They called it The Boss and for two short years it ruled the muscle car scene in the US, establishing itself as one of the greatest road and race cars of the era. Now, it’s one of the most collectible.

In 1960s US street lingo, if something was ‘boss’ it was cool, tough, the best. And the 1969 Boss 302 Mustang wore its badge with pride. It launched just four and a half years after the first Mustang was revealed to critical acclaim and record sales. Yearly updates to keep Mustang fresh in the face of tough new challengers from General Motors and Chrysler (particularly the Camaro) resulted in the once lean and pretty ’Stang muscling up, both in body shape and under-bonnet brawn, and the 1969-70 Boss models were the zenith of Mustang styling.

Thereafter, Mustangs became increasingly bloated and anaemic as the 1970s fuel crisis and stricter pollution laws cut horsepower and stylists lost their way; the rippling flanks and thrusting nose of the late 60s/early 70s cars gave way to boxy, bland designs. That early look would not be recaptured until 2005, when new Mustangs were given retro styling.

The Boss 302 was launched at the same time as its big-block brother, the Boss 429. Both were positioned as competition specials; Ford wanted to homologate its 302-cuber for Trans-Am and the 429ci monster for NASCAR. In fact, Ford went wild with engines between 1969-70, offering nine V8s – the ‘economy’ 302, 351 Windsor, 351 Cleveland, 390, 428 Cobra Jet, 428 Super Cobra Jet, 429 ‘wedge’, Boss 302 and Boss 429.

For the Boss 302, Ford’s high-compression 302ci small-block V8 was beefed up with four-bolt main bearing caps and redesigned ‘Cleveland’ cylinder heads with bigger inlet and exhaust valves, and ports that allowed the engine to breathe more efficiently.

These ‘semi-hemi’ heads were based on the Ford 427ci racing engine’s combustion chambers, and a balanced forged steel crankshaft and forged steel conrods allowed the engine to handle high rpms for sustained periods. A single 780cfm four-barrel Holley carburettor sat atop a high-rise aluminium inlet manifold, while a dual-point distributor, high-pressure oil pump, windage tray and screw-in welch plugs were further indications of its competition intent.

A rev limiter was fitted, progressively cutting spark from 5800rpm to 6150, but it was easily bypassed and the Boss 302 could reportedly keep making power up to 8000rpm with minor mods. In the muscle car marketing war, Ford claimed a peak horsepower figure of 290bhp at 5800rpm (the same as the Camaro Z/28), but that was extremely conservative.

Two four-speed manual Top Loader transmissions were available: a wide-ratio ’box with Hurst shifter more suited to street and strip use, and a close-ratio unit for racing. Adding to the race or road options list were four diffs: the stock 3.5:1 nine-inch, Traction-Lok 3.5:1 and 3.91:1 and the No-Spin 4.30:1 built by Detroit Automotive. Axles and diff centres were also strengthened to take the loads.

Suspension was also race-inspired with heavy-duty springs, shocks and sway bar up front, and Hotchkiss-style rear suspension with heavy-duty leaf springs, sway bar and staggered shock absorbers. The left-hand shock absorber was bolted behind the axle and the right in front, to reduce axle tramp under acceleration. Amazingly for such a high-performance car, braking was still only discs and drums with power assistance.

Ironically, the Boss 302’s sexy shape was styled by former General Motors designer Larry Shinoda, who is often credited with coming up with the Boss moniker. When asked what he was working on, he replied, "The boss’s car", a reference to new Ford president ‘Bunkie’ Knudson, who was also ex-GM and had recruited Shinoda to Ford.

While the wheelbase remained unchanged at 2740mm, the ’69 Mustang was 96.5mm longer overall to accommodate all the V8s offered, although the big-blocks still had to be shoe-horned under the bonnet. Shinoda’s ’69 Boss 302 was also one of the first production cars to offer an optional front air dam and adjustable rear wing, and his use of high-contrast black panels, rear window SportsSlats, and go-faster stripes made the Boss a real attention-grabber. The ’69 was also the only quad-headlight Mustang, a feature that was dropped for 1970 models.

In 1970, American Hot Rod magazine dubbed the 1970 Boss 302 as "definitely the best handling car Ford has ever built", while the conservative Consumer Guide called it "uncomfortable at any speed over anything but the smoothest surface". Unique Cars resident Mustang maniac, ‘Uncle’ Phil Walker, never read the Consumer Guide review, but even if he had it wouldn’t have stopped him buying the immaculate 1970 Grabber Orange Boss 302 you see here.

Phil already has his beloved 1966 Shelby GT350H, but the Boss 302 really got his Mustang juices percolating. And he wasn’t alone, because the first Boss he saw, some 43 years ago, is still one of Australia’s most iconic race cars: Allan Moffat’s Trans-Am racer. Phil remembers it clearly.

"I saw Moff race it Calder and I was inspired to own one," Phil recalls. "It was the most aggressive-looking car; its stance was something you had to see to believe. It looked like it was doing a million miles per hour when it was parked.

"My Boss was originally a one-owner car and I bought it from a friend of mine in California, Dave, who I also bought my Shelby GT350H from 19 years ago. Dave found it in a barn with a blown engine, but in otherwise pretty good condition.

"The lady who owned it from new didn’t realise it had a high-compression engine and had run it on standard fuel. When it blew up she just parked it.

"Dave did a nut-and-bolt restoration over two years, then put it up on his hoist. He didn’t want to sell it, but I got my way in the end – unfortunately he had the last say on the price (laughs). I didn’t even bother to test drive it; I knew it was a good car. It had 21 (new) miles on the odo when I picked it up and only 54,000 miles in total."

Since then, Phil has only put a couple of hundred miles on the car, but that’s enough for him to have bonded with it.

"I’ve only had the Boss since January and it’s growing on me. It’s different to the Shelby. It’s bigger and very low.

"The engine is incredible. Dave is one of the best engine builders in California and when he rebuilt the 302 he changed the cam spec. US camshaft technology was okay in the 60s and 70s, but if you had a big-cam muscle car they wouldn’t idle and they were terrible for driving in cities.

"A proper Boss engine can rev to 8500rpm all day and for a V8 that’s pretty serious. But they’re not renowned for low-down torque; it starts coming on from 3500rpm. My car still has a solid-lifter cam, but it pulls like a train from 1200rpm in top gear and I can drive it around at 1500rpm in top all day.

"It’s got the four-speed close-ratio Top Loader with the long first gear and with a 3.7:1 rear end it does about 55-60mph (89-97km/h) in first gear. It bloody goes!"

Phil is a fussy bugger and his cars have to look just right, so Russell Stuckey from Stuckey Tyres has ordered him a set of genuine 15 x 8 Minilites from England to replace the standard Magnum 500s.

"I want it to look like the Parnelli Jones race car, and to get the stance I want it’s going to have 275/60s on the rear and 255/60s on the front. At the moment it’s a pretty car that is tough, but I want a tough car that looks tough. And that’s all I’m going to do to it."

After his first real fang in the Boss, Phil felt that his Shelby would be half a lap in front at the end of a 10-lap sprint at Sandown, but now thinks the Boss would be quicker. We might have to put both to the acid test one day. What do you mean "no way", Phil?

It was a nervous Phil who turned up at a Melbourne storage facility in January to pick up his new Boss 302. So nervous, in fact, that he took along Unique Cars art director Ange and a sturdy tow rope – just in case.

The storage people were even more apprehensive – they had been warned about just how anal he is with his cars, as he explains: "The lady there said, ‘You must be pretty fanatical because we’ve been given strict instructions that no one is to touch the car except you’." Fortunately, the car arrived in pristine condition.

"I was pretty excited, I’d been waiting for seven weeks," Phil laughs. "I took the car cover off it, fired it up, and it drove home like a brand new car. It was as good as I thought it would be. I spent the next three hours washing it."

Sounds like our Phil.

PARNELLI AND ME

Three years ago, my mate Dave and I were invited to a Trans-Am dinner at Portland International Raceway where Dave was racing his 1970 Trans-Am Boss 302 and I was crewing for him.

When we were driving there we noticed this black Mercedes following us. When we stopped it did too and this bloke got out and said, "I noticed you guys back at the hotel. You’re going to the Trans-Am dinner aren’t you? I’m lost." It was Parnelli Jones!

I jumped in with him and when we got there I ‘invited’ myself onto Parnelli’s table, which also included Pete Brock – the guy who designed the Shelby Daytona Coupe. There was I, Mr Nobody, with all these US racing heavies, but Parnelli was a real gentleman, not up himself in any way.

The next day they had free lap time at Portland and, when I saw Parnelli there with Ford’s new ‘Parnelli Jones’ Boss 302 tribute Mustang, I asked if there was any chance of a ride and he said jump in. We did 10 laps and the guy hadn’t lost any of his ability; my eyes were getting bigger and bigger coming into the corners.

It was a great experience that I’ll never forget. – PW

IT's MINE...

Moff’s Mustang is probably the most iconic Australian racecar and after seeing it I was inspired to own a Boss Mustang. Then, about 25 years ago, I went to Pebble Beach in Monterey for the first time and saw a 1970 Grabber Orange Boss 302, which was the colour Parnelli Jones raced in Trans-Am. That day I knew I had to own a Boss. It was the car I’d always wanted after my Shelby, which was my lifelong dream car.

My Boss 302 is fully optioned, including the Shaker, extra side mirror, tacho and rear louvres, and it’s got a lot of wow factor. When you drive down the freeway, you get the thumbs-up from all sorts of different people. I think it’s the colour.

It’s closer to show standard than my Shelby. It’s got the paint marks on the tailshaft and all the little concours details, but I’m never going to show it; I’m not into that.

The 1969/70 body shape is still the best. Ford got it right then, but lost the plot after that and it’s reflected in their collectibility today. – PW

#car #cars #muscle car #american muscle #ford #FORD MUSTANG BOSS 302 #ford mustang #boss 302 #MUSTANG BOSS 302 #mustang

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shibaraki · 2 years

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THE JOYRIDE ┊ MIYA OSAMU

tags: SFW, GN reader (called ‘baby’ + ‘pretty’), newly established relationship, hobby motorcyclist osamu, motorcycle riding (back passenger reader), fluff and some PDA

wc: 1.7k

Every other Sunday, Osamu would close the restaurant early after the lunch rush and take his motorcycle out for a ride; a hobby he picked up from his late grandfather. There were secluded spots on the outskirts of the city he liked to go where riders and enthusiasts would gather, bonds forged through shared love and camaraderie.

When he if you would want to join him all those months ago you’d been equal parts excited and apprehensive. At first he let you get a feel for the bike. Painted black with copper aluminium trim, it is long and sleek yet supple in the right places; the shape reminiscent of a peregrine falcon.

Admittedly, you hardly remember a word he said— just the heat of his palms through your shirt as he supported you, perched on the seat, already held safely in place by the support stands fixed to both wheels. You had simply nodded along as he listed off the specs, his thumbs moving in slow circles at your waist, fingers splayed across your stomach.

“Y’look good,” Osamu murmured, smoothing over your hip and dipping to meet you in the middle. “Wanna take you out and show ya off”.

And that wish was solidified the day he sheepishly handed you your very own helmet. A shiny white finish, black visor and a small sticker of an onigiri with legs on the outer shell. Endeared by the deep blush crawling up his neck, you had pulled him into a feverish kiss, the gift caught awkwardly between your bodies.

You graduated quickly from the passenger safety belt. In the beginning you would lurch and lose balance, but now the muscles in your abdomen clench tight as you lean, synchronising with each turn. It was exhilarating.

Though you’re not sure you’ll ever get used to it— the way your bodies cut through the wind, how your centre of gravity shifts, or the intermittent roar beneath your thighs.

Your leathers fit snug, like another skin, but thick and heavy around your frame. You take a breath and flex your interlocked hands, heart beating wildly in your chest. You’ve been smiling for so long that your cheeks hurt, anchored tightly around Osamu’s waist, straddling the back seat of his motorcycle.

He must feel it, because he lets go for a moment just to squeeze your wrist, rubbing back and forth over the armoured knuckles. You wish you could talk to him over the blaring noise. The padding in your helmet presses against your skull as you lean the visor between his shoulders and crowd closer.

The road takes you through a dense forest. You are surrounded by tall, sylphlike trees, dewy afternoon sun drizzling through the gaps between their cedar fingers. Blurs of verdant green and yellow sharpen as the bike slows. The engine dwindles into a soft purr and the horizon clears at the next turn in, canopy parting as the treeline ends.

There’s a long lay-by to your right; usually it is used for families to park somewhere on their visits to the woodlands. Now, motorcycles of every size and colour are lined up side by side. Dramatic, arcing handle bars, heavy off road suspensions, multi coloured spikes and bold stickers.

Heads turn when you pull in; some giving a short nod of approval. Osamu reaches behind to squeeze your thigh as he rolls into an empty spot, boots hitting the ground with a dull thud. You cling to his back and he glances over his shoulder, flicking up the visor on his helmet.

You melt under his gaze. His eyes are unbearably warm and crinkled at the corners, smiling despite the lower half of his face being covered by a thin black scarf.

“You okay, baby?” he asks, voice bright with excitement and loud while his hearing readjusts. The answer waits on your tongue as his face scrunches in an abrupt frown and he turns to flick your visor up, too.

You blink against the sunlight and he says, “There. Much better seein’ your pretty face”.

People are scattered around, some sticking to their own rides while others step away to mingle. It isn’t too crowded, but just enough to make you nervous. You notice there’s a food truck pulled up at the far end where a larger group has gathered.

“Not gonna be so pretty when I take this off,” you grumble, knocking on the outer shell of your helmet. A sweaty mess underneath it, you’re sure. He hums a fond sound and watches closely as you dismount on unsteady legs.

Osamu kicks down the stand before getting down. The light glints against the gold trim and upper fairing as the bike leans at an angle. In a moment of appreciation, you find yourself patting the back seat, as if to praise it.

A familiar pair of gloves land’s unceremoniously on the curved tank pad, startling you out of your stupor. Two fingers hook into your chin strap. Reflexively, you press your tongue flat to the roof of your mouth to avoid any pinching as Osamu unclips the buckle.

“‘Samu—!”

You whine as he takes the helmet into his hands and drags it up. The padding squeezes tight to your skull until it sits on top of your head like a crown. Tepid air clings to your damp neck and you glare up at him.

The feeling that swells in your throat supersedes your irritation. His own black helmet hugs the top of his head, scarf pulled down to pool around his collar and hair laid wet to his forehead. You knew he looked unfairly attractive in his leathers but the view still sparks something in your belly.

A two piece matte black suit with silver and gold stripes on each outer leg and a triangular symbol in the centre of his chest that reminds you of a fox. The material fits him well— too well. Bulky around broad shoulders and thick at his biceps. Osamu isn’t lean by any means; stockier than his athlete brother with lingering definition from his volleyball days. Heaving a breath he unzips the jacket, earthy eyes tracking the movement of your tongue across your lip.

“Thirsty?” he teases knowingly.

“Shut up,” you huff, setting your helmet on the bike seat and relieving the pressure around your scalp. At the same time, Osamu bends gracelessly to catch your mouth in a long, chaste kiss. You sink into it and amusement vibrates behind his lips, tickling your own.

A suggestive wolf whistle cuts through the noise and he straightens with a final peck to your cheek.

“If it ain’t our boy Osamu!”

You turn toward the new voice. Adorning a worn leather jacket covered in vintage patches, an older man approaches with arms outstretched. Osamu sets his helmet beside his gloves before being yanked into a friendly hug.

“Glad to see yer still alive and kickin’, Daigo-san. Heard you earned a few more scrapes last week”.

“You know me. Just a spill,” Daigo gives a hearty laugh and slaps Osamu on the back. “Should’a told me you were comin’! Thought ya preferred that spot out by the mountains now”.

“Ah. Well,” Osamu rubs his neck and glances toward you with a proud grin. Heat prickles under your skin as Daigo appraises you. “It’s our first proper ride out together. Just stopping to stretch our legs and we’ll be headin’ off”.

Daigo crows, “Finally got yourself someone special, eh, ‘Samu?”

You self consciously pat the front of your leathers, bowing your head towards Daigo. “It’s good to meet you”.

“Sweet thing, aren’t’cha?” the older man steps forward and the gravel crunches beneath his feet. He takes your hand firmly, gloves tough and hard against your palm, and shakes it. “Pleasure is all mine. He better be takin’ good care of ya out on them roads”.

There is fondness in his voice. Grandfatherly in a way. Soft around the edges, wrinkles prominent around his thin mouth and kind eyes— arguably the youngest part of him. You smile, “Don’t worry. He takes good care of me on and off the road”.

Osamu rubs at his cheek, meeting your gaze over Daigo’s shoulder. “Love you,” he mouths.

“Happy to hear it. We all need a bit’a love in our lives,” Daigo declares, relinquishing his grip and turning to Osamu. He knocks him on the shoulder. “M’sure the others would want to see you— both of you, if you’ve got time”.

“We ca—”

“We would love to!” you quickly interrupt. Osamu blinks in surprise, expression softening into quiet appreciation when you nod at him.

Daigo leaves with a pep in his step. “Alright then! We’ll come find ya in a few”.

This was the furthest you had been on his bike. The plan was to take a quick break at the halfway point before heading home. Osamu never wanted you to feel overwhelmed by his hobby, or obligated to participate in this part of his life. What he failed to grasp was how much you wanted to; seeing this side to him only made you love him more.

The sun outlines him in dewy gold. You reach to card your fingers through his dark hair, which is stuck up in every direction. “Ya sure about this, baby?” he murmurs, turning into your touch and kissing your inner wrist. His hands run idly over your hips, sliding to your lower back.

“They’re my pops old friends, so they’ve got a few screws loose”.

Breathlessly, “They’re important to you, right?”

He nods.

“Then I’m sure”.

A thrill tingles down your spine as Osamu crowds you carefully against the bike. Chest to chest, you guide him into another kiss. The air is crisp and you can hear it dance through the trees. Osamu cradles you closer. You fist the lapels of his jacket, cursing the thick material between your bodies.

“How’re you so perfect…” he mumbles between breaths, taking your face in his hand, thumb and fingers on either cheek and squeezing. You snort as he begins to press harsh, short pecks to your protruded lips. “Want ya to come with me again next time. Yeah?”

Your jaw aches but nevertheless, you grin.

“Yeah. I’d love that”.

#hq x reader #haikyuu x reader #miya osamu x reader #osamu x reader

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carsthatnevermadeitetc · 2 years

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Competizione Ventidue, 2023, by Forge Design. Yet another Ferrari 250 GT Berlinetta SWB replica proposal, this one based on the 1961 Le Mans winning “SEFAC hot rod” racing version. Though it is still a digital concept Forge have provided some detail including that it has an aluminium and carbon fibre chassis with fully independent suspension and AP Racing brakes. It will be powered by a modified V12 engine with “indirect hydrogen injection.” Forge Design is seeking collaborators (ie backers) to turn their digital concept into reality

#Forge Design #Competizione Ventidue #concept #digital concept #Ferrari 250 GT #V12 #replica #1950s style

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diabolus1exmachina · 1 year

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Alfa Romeo Disco Volante by Touring Superleggera

The Disco Volante is a two-seater Gran Turismo. It is based on the Alfa Romeo 8C Competizione coupé with its front-central mounted 4.7 litre V8 engine and a transaxle rear drive with unmodified specifications. Each unit, of which the construction requires 4,000 hours of manual work.The present Disco Volante celebrates the myth of the 1952 style icon. The new design briefing required to blend ingredients as innovation, emotion and aerodynamic properties into a timeless and essential shape.During the development stage, Head of Design Louis de Fabribeckers and his team cooperated with the engineers on an almost daily basis. “We focused on the preservation of the design essence. – says de Fabribeckers – Once the design frozen, we had to understand the manufacturing problems and solve them right away without compromising the design.”In consistency with the car’s design philosophy the interior has a ‘science fiction’ feel to it. Part of this ‘spaceship’ atmosphere was created by elements like the red LED interior light profiles. Also, aeronautics has been the inspiration for parts like the dashboard, instruments and seat adjustment lever.The Alfa Romeo 8C Competizione chassis was chosen for its light and rigid structure and its outstanding dynamic properties. Therefore it forms the perfect basis for the coach-built bodywork of the Disco Volante, integrally conserving the rolling chassis and drive train.The Alfa Romeo 8C’s steel space-frame and other structural elements were retained to guarantee torsion stiffness, high performance and the quality standard. The frame members and the central carbon cell remained unchanged. Elements of the underpinning and the body, such as the engine bay and firewall, the windscreen and cowl, the a-pillar and the locks and hinges have been retained too, just as the dashboard and instruments, the pedals and the steering wheel. Parts like doorframes, the roof frame and the c-pillar have been modified to match with the new shape.The layout of a front-central mounted engine, a transaxle transmission and rear-wheel drive offers an optimal weight distribution of 49-51% between the front and rear axles. To ensure excellent handling the front and rear double-wishbone suspension scheme is combined with hub carriers of forged aluminium and additional trailing arms for the rear suspension.The lightweight and compact 4.7 litre V8 engine delivers 450HP and 480Nm peak torque. It is coupled with a six-speed sequential transaxle gearbox with electronic control and paddle-shift gear selection. Together with a limited-slip differential and a state-of-the-art braking system with large diameter, ventilated discs a precise, dynamic and proactive drive is ensured. The Disco Volante can accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h (0-62 mph) in 4,2 seconds and has a top speed of about 290 km/h (181 mph).

All new and modified components of the Disco Volante have been CAD designed. In this process, which covers feasibility, safety, homologation, aerodynamics and structural analysis, the most advanced IT tools and simulation techniques have been used.

Since torsion stiffness and noise reduction are of critical importance, special attention has been paid to the under-body structure and its elements, like the tubular frames supporting the rear wings and bumper, and the roll bar joining the c-pillars. Other complex design issues were the tailgate hinges, the 3d-cambered door window, and the front wheel covers.

The Disco Volante was then submitted to a CFD aerodynamic study to enhance the airflow and ensure optimal downforce in the rear section. After that, FEM calculations were run to assess resistance and rigidity of all parts subject to homologation.

Touring Superleggera is synonymous with the manufacture of lightweight bodywork. The weight advantage of aluminium is one of the assets of Touring Superleggera’s construction methods. Nowadays however, the craft of hand-beating aluminium panels is combined with the use of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP). For the Disco Volante, Touring decided to use this combination of aluminium and CFRP. This has been the result of a study conducted to define optimal use of materials for the bodywork in terms of weight, resistance, precision, finish and quality, and ease of repair in case of damage.

The CFRP is used for specific components like the front bumper and grille, the bonnet, the skirts, the boot lid and the integrated rear-window frame. The bonnet and the boot lid are sandwich-built with Nomex filler in-between to obtain a better stiffness/weight ratio and to dampen vibration and noise.

The aluminium panels are hand-beaten using an epoxy mould. Since the inner frames of most parts of the bodywork are made of CFRP, this requires gluing of aluminium on carbon fibre. This technique adds to the rigidity as the glue has structural properties.

The body panels are pre-assembled on a laser measurement platform using a jig. This ensures that the strict tolerance required is respected. After adjustment, the panels are either welded or glued. The body-in-white is then used to preassemble and fit all trim components, brightware and moulding.

#Alfa Romeo Disco Volante #touring superleggera #8C Competizione

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officiallordvetinari · 7 months

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Here are 10 featured Wikipedia articles. Summaries and links are below the cut.

The Astronomica (Classical Latin: [astrɔˈnɔmɪka]), also known as the Astronomicon, is a Latin didactic poem about celestial phenomena, written in hexameters and divided into five books. The Astronomica was written c. AD 30–40 by a Roman poet whose name was likely Marcus Manilius; little is known of Manilius, and although there is evidence that the Astronomica was probably read by many other Roman writers, no surviving works explicitly quote him.

The Apollo 15 postal covers incident, a 1972 NASA scandal, involved the astronauts of Apollo 15, who carried about 400 unauthorized postal covers into space and to the Moon's surface on the Lunar Module Falcon. Some of the envelopes were sold at high prices by West German stamp dealer Hermann Sieger, and are known as "Sieger covers".

The Battle of Hayes Pond, also known as the Battle of Maxton Field or the Maxton Riot, was an armed confrontation between members of a Ku Klux Klan (KKK) organization and Lumbee people at a Klan rally near Maxton, North Carolina, on the night of January 18, 1958. The clash resulted in the disruption of the rally and a significant amount of media coverage praising the Lumbees and condemning the Klansmen.

Canadian heraldry is the cultural tradition and style of coats of arms and other heraldic achievements in both modern and historic Canada. It includes national, provincial, and civic arms, noble and personal arms, ecclesiastical heraldry, heraldic displays as corporate logos, and Canadian blazonry.

General Gregor MacGregor (24 December 1786 – 4 December 1845) was a Scottish soldier, adventurer, and confidence trickster who attempted from 1821 to 1837 to draw British and French investors and settlers to "Poyais", a fictional Central American territory that he claimed to rule as "Cazique". Hundreds invested their savings in supposed Poyaisian government bonds and land certificates, while about 250 emigrated to MacGregor's invented country in 1822–23 to find only an untouched jungle; more than half of them died. Seen as a contributory factor to the "Panic of 1825", MacGregor's Poyais scheme has been called one of the most brazen confidence tricks in history.

Aluminium (or aluminum) metal is very rare in native form, and the process to refine it from ores is complex, so for most of human history it was unknown. However, the compound alum has been known since the 5th century BCE and was used extensively by the ancients for dyeing.

The Hitler Diaries (German: Hitler-Tagebücher) were a series of sixty volumes of journals purportedly written by Adolf Hitler, but forged by Konrad Kujau between 1981 and 1983. The diaries were purchased in 1983 for 9.3 million Deutsche Marks (£2.3 million or $3.7 million) by the West German news magazine Stern, which sold serialisation rights to several news organisations.

The Keldholme Priory election dispute occurred in Yorkshire, England, in 1308. After a series of resignations by its prioresses, the establishment was in a state of turmoil, and the Archbishop of York, William Greenfield, appointed one of the nuns to lead the house. His candidate, Emma de Ebor' (Emma of York), was deemed unacceptable by many nuns, who undermined her from the start to the extent that she resigned three months later.

Sir Osbert Lancaster CBE (4 August 1908 – 27 July 1986) was an English cartoonist, architectural historian, stage designer and author. He was known for his cartoons in the British press, and for his lifelong work to inform the general public about good buildings and architectural heritage.

Thomas Edward Neil Driberg, Baron Bradwell (22 May 1905 – 12 August 1976) was a British journalist, politician, High Anglican churchman and possible Soviet spy, who served as a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1942 to 1955, and again from 1959 to 1974. A member of the Communist Party of Great Britain for more than twenty years, he was first elected to parliament as an Independent and joined the Labour Party in 1945. He never held any ministerial office, but rose to senior positions within the Labour Party and was a popular and influential figure in left-wing politics for many years.

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theantarwitch · 2 years

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Basic Metals and their Magical Properties: Easy Chart.

Bronze: An alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with tin and often with the addition of other metals. Has the element Fire, hence its warm fiery color.

Auditory Magic: Music, communication, creativity, imagination, ambition, intuition.

Fire: Spells that create, control, or extinguish fires, control temperatures, or cause burns or explosions, create, move, and disperse smoke and other hot gases, increase or decrease the temperature of their targets.

Health: To fight infections due to its inclusion of copper.

Money: Was the second metal widely used to mint small denomination coins, excel at casting spells that bring wealth and prosperity, career, employment, job. Amulets for protection against harm in battle and for protection against robbers, burglars, embezzlers, muggers, and thieves.

Warrior: As a metal that was long used for the forging of weapons, good to increase their target’s fighting abilities, for agility, strength, resilience, speed and endurance, protection from wear-and-tear, good luck charms for warriors.

Copper: A soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity.

Feminine. The Greeks copper as Cyprium, because they mined it on the island of Cyprus (which is pronounced kup-ros). Since Cyprus was known as the birthplace of Venus, the goddess of love, copper is often associated with her, and with the planet Venus as well, that’s why the alchemical symbol for copper is the symbol for the planet Venus.

Energy Conductor: For control electromagnetism, control fire, control temperature, fight infections due to its antibacterial properties, warmth,

Money: Wealth, abundance, and prosperity. Amulets for protection the ravages of poverty and against robbers, good fortune and good luck, charms.

Hidden: to reveal evil actions and intents, especially lies and deceptions, to find hidden or lost objects and make the invisible visible.

Healing: Copper bracelets that supposedly to help with aches and pains, fertility,

Protection, safeguarding and transmission of essentials, to draw away negative energy,

Bring utility, change, attraction, balance, concentration, focus, friendship, happiness, harmony, love, lust, passion, peace of mind, peacefulness, purification, self-esteem, spirituality.

Tin: A silvery metal that characteristically has a faint yellow hue, soft enough to be cut with little force. Associated with Jupiter, the planet and the Roman god.

Money: Success, prosperity, abundance, good luck,

Healing: Particularly rejuvenation and regeneration, often tied to tin, which, on a physical level, acts as a bactericide.

Protection from wear-and-tear. Home and family, every-day magic, utilitarian magic.

Illumination, knowledge and divination, desire, honor, hope, lust, passion. It also amplifies the magical properties of other ingredients.

In some belief systems, lightning is associated with tin. Lightning bolts are a symbol of the god Jupiter, so items charged during a lightning storm can be potent magical tools indeed.

Has naturally some awesome acoustic properties, often used in the making of bells and musical instruments.

Aluminium: It has a great affinity towards oxygen, and forms a protective layer of oxide on the surface when exposed to air.

Visually resembles silver, both in its color and in its great ability to reflect light. The magician's "invisibility metal". Reflects incoming energies and makes the perfect base for magic mirrors. Useful for magical protection if worn as jewelry.

Air magic, calming, meditation, protection, soothing, travel, truthfulness.

Associated with Saturn.

Nickel: A silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge, belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile. Common in coins.

Permanence, glamour, greed, urban magic, brittleness, the home, opening doors, attraction, influence, knowledge, repelling, truth, wisdom.

Extends into most dimensions, and has many levels of existence, useful when additional information or energy is required, or when dealing with trying to solve problems, advance knowledge or a personal breakthrough or threshold shift is required.

Steel: Is an alloy made up of iron with typically a few tenths of a percent of carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Popular in jewelry making since it’s so strong, durable, and affordable.

Permanence, glamour, greed, urban magic, brittleness, the home, opening doors.

Steel's energies are highly projective and it’s associated with the planet Mars, making it a spiritual armor. To protect yourself from psychic attacks, extreme negativity or anything that would suck the energy right out of you.

Iron: Is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. Associated with the earth itself, but also connected with the skies and the universe, because it is found in stars and other celestial bodies. Iron in the earth is often the result of crashed meteorites, it truly is a metal that reflects the ideology of “As above, so below.”

Associated with the planet Mars, as well as the god of war, is an almost archetypical representation of the warrior, of power, and of courage. Early weaponry was made from iron ores, and much of mankind’s conquest and control of the natural world is rooted in our ability to manipulate iron.

Permanence, opposition to nature, urban magic, influence, destruction, curses, strength, blood magic, health.

In grounding rituals and workings, or if you’re heading in the opposite direction, use it for astral travel.

Associated with protection, Horseshoes and other iron items can be hung around your home to create a magical barrier against those who might do you harm.

Gold: In a pure form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Element Fire. The alchemical symbol of gold is a circle with a dot in the middle, the symbol for the Sun, of power and dominance.

Money: wealth, ambition, financial comfort and success, fortune, generosity, good luck, influence, money, opportunity, prosperity, power. Protection and against robbers.

Love: Traditionally used to craft wedding rings, a symbol of eternal love, loyalty, and devotion. Beauty spells, glamour, appearances, happiness, positive energy attraction,

Protection: Primarily for children, against harm and curses, and especially the evil eye.

Health, overcoming addictions, healing. strength

Sun magic for confidence, honesty, hope, positivity, willpower, wisdom.

Silver: A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. Representation of truth and trust.

Considered a neutral metal, associated with moon magic, and all that comes along with it, such as intuition, wisdom, psychic sensitivity, psychic abilities, clairvoyance, cleansing, divination, dreams, lucid dreaming, meditation, purification, reflection, self-awareness, dowsing, spirituality.

A reflective metal, not just physically but on a metaphysical level, can reflect negative energy and help prevent psychic attack, offensive magic (like the silver bullet), hex-breaking, boosting energy

Warding illness (but not necessarily healing), good price-to-beauty ratio, domesticity, balancing, clearing, emotional healing & growth, grounding, hope, nurturing.

Lead: A heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. Associated with Saturn, and the god of the same name. Not especially pretty, tends to block out light and sound, and is a poor conductor of energy and electricity.

The heaviest of the base metals. Lead is not only heavy, it’s also durable and hard to change. Lead items found in archaeological excavations are usually still unbroken after thousands of years. Associated with fire, melts easily over an open flame. Once burned down, the lead is replaced by a fine yellowish ashy powder, which is why alchemists believed that lead and gold were so intricately connected. Lead is the metal of transformation and resurrection.

To focus on connection with your deepest unconscious self, meditation, and stability and grounding, to control negative behaviors and thoughts, break your bad habits, and overcome addictions. For communication with the underworld.

The silent metal, creates a space of silence, perfect for "black space" meditations.

A good barrier to all forms of energy, can be used to keep things in, as well as out.

Mercury: A heavy, silvery element, the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure.

Was known as mercurius vivens, or “the living mercury,” because is the only one whose final form is still in motion.

Found in tombs in China, Egypt, and India dating back several thousand years, mercury was eventually used in healing medicine.

Is a bit of an anomaly when it comes to metals, unlike others, it’s not hard or malleable, it can’t be scratched, shaped, or bent, doesn’t conduct heat, but it does react to it, and will expand and contract based on temperatures–that’s why it’s used in thermometers. When it’s frozen, it actually works as an excellent conductor of electricity.

Because it appears as a living, breathing thing in constant motion, mercury is sometimes associated with the serpent. It’s symbolic not only with the life force itself, but also with the aspects of death and decomposition. Because mercury is dangerous to use, when it comes to magic, it is typically replaced by either silver or mercurial archetypes.

Magical workings involving mercury include communication and progress–after all, the god Mercury was a fleet-footed messenger–as well as mental clarity, higher learning and education, and the ability to be a persuasive and convincing speaker.

Extremely active and impactful at the multi-level, mercury has many applications from change, via transdimensional transportation of consciousness to being a perfect choice for a magic mirror.

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