#basic computer devices

[digitalbrowser311]

operating system

An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. It's the most fundamental software that enables other applications to run on a computing device. Here's a detailed breakdown of an operating system:

1. Definition of Operating System

An Operating System is software that acts as an intermediary between computer hardware and the user. It provides a user interface and controls all hardware components, making it easier for users and applications to interact with the computer without needing to know hardware-level details.

2. Functions of Operating System

✅ a. Process Management

Manages processes in a system: creation, scheduling, termination.

Handles multitasking (running multiple processes simultaneously).

Provides mechanisms for process synchronization and communication.

✅ b. Memory Management

Allocates and deallocates memory space as needed by programs.

Keeps track of each byte in a computer’s memory and optimizes RAM usage.

Manages virtual memory (swap space on disk).

✅ c. File System Management

Organizes files on storage devices like hard drives or SSDs.

Provides file-related operations: create, delete, read, write, etc.

Manages file permissions and security.

✅ d. Device Management

Controls and manages I/O devices (keyboard, mouse, printer, etc.).

Uses device drivers to communicate with hardware components.

Allocates devices to processes when needed.

✅ e. Security and Access Control

Protects data and system resources from unauthorized access.

Supports user authentication and permissions.

Provides encryption and firewall mechanisms.

✅ f. User Interface

Provides a user interface to interact with the system:

Command-Line Interface (CLI)

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

🔷 3. Types of Operating Systems

TypeDescriptionBatch OSExecutes batches of jobs without manual intervention.Time-sharing OSMultiple users share system resources simultaneously.Distributed OSManages a group of distinct computers and makes them appear as one.Real-time OSResponds to input instantly (used in critical systems like flight control).Network OSManages network resources and allows shared access to files and printers.Mobile OSSpecialized OS for mobile devices (e.g., Android, iOS).Embedded OSUsed in embedded systems like smart TVs, washing machines, etc.

🔷 4. Examples of Operating Systems

💻 Desktop and Server OS:

Microsoft Windows

Linux (Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS)

macOS

UNIX

📱 Mobile OS:

Android

iOS

🔷 5. Multitasking, Multithreading, and Multiprocessing

✅ Multitasking:

Running multiple applications at the same time.

✅ Multithreading:

Multiple threads within a single application run concurrently.

✅ Multiprocessing:

Using multiple CPUs/cores to execute processes simultaneously.

🔷 Conclusion

An Operating System is vital for any computing device to function. It manages hardware, provides essential services, ensures user interaction, and forms the platform on which application software runs. Its design and performance deeply influence the overall system reliability and efficiency.

If you'd like, I can also provide a PDF version or create a presentation outline for this content.

[da-janela-lateral]

Spirits and SUCH (Solving Unusual Computer Hassles)

[dailydegurechaff]

Today’s Daily Degurechaff is… pony tanya, on your dashboard once again

[astranauticus]

RWD S4E9 SPOILERS

we really do be getting some incredibly fun new lightning flavours from VR-LA these past few episodes huh. anyway black necrotic lightning <3

[sentienceisoverrated]

Not gonna lie it actually kills me a little bit inside whenever someone doesn't know, and refuses to learn, anything about computers. Like I'm no tech guru. If you asked me about circuit boards or programming or how a gpu really works, I won't be able to tell you, but if you asked me what kind of gpu I own, and other hardware, I would. I have it all memorised, not only because I built my pc myself (and researched extensively for it) but because it's useful information.

I recently started playing Warhammer, and when I tried to launch the game for the first time, it warned me there was a problem with a specific type of cpu. My type of cpu. If I didn't know that, I wouldn't have recognised there was a problem, and I could have severely damaged my computer over time. I had to update my bios (which I had never done before ever), the concept terrified me, but I did research, and I managed it. I learnt something new.

But there are people I've talked to who don't understand the difference between a web browser and a search engine. The number of people I notice who sit their laptops on a fabric case in a lecture and risk overheating. In response to a photo I posted online of my pc, someone asked me where the computer was because there was no visible monitor. A person once recommended me a website to print and deliver photos for free and never even checked the terms and conditions for such a sketchy business plan (lo and behold you were practically giving them rights to your personal images). I get scam messages with urls that are so obviously fake I'm mind-blown when I remember people fall for it. I had to explain to someone else today what a sim card does.

You don't have to be the most informed person on the planet, you just have to put in the effort to learn these things. You use these devices every single day, keep one in your pocket, your bag, almost constantly, and you don't know the bare minimum of how it works??? You can't search for your device specs? Can't read a url? Don't know the difference between a download and an installation? Friends I'm begging you you have all the world's information beneath your fingertips and you haven't ever questioned how? You've never read a five-year-old reddit post for a hyperspecific problem only a handful of people have encountered? I'm so far from the paragon of Computer Knowledge but at least I know the difference between a browser and a search engine. At least I can confidently say my settings reflect my needs.

[runemyth0]

I love telling people my alarm requires me to do math to turn it off. It's funny when they see my alarm and realize 'oh shit they really do do math problems first thing in the morning to turn off their alarm.'

It's even funnier when I think about how I can turn off my first alarm and immediately go back to sleep.

[queerstudiesnatural]

let me know if you want updates. so far i've ranked one sixth of the songs, but i already have a vague idea of how the rest is gonna go because i know all of these songs by heart and listen to them daily and i've watched glee more times than i care to admit :)

i am ranking every single glee song from worst to best. this is my rule book for it basically.

there Will be a video btw

[digitalbrowser311]

what is computer devices

What Are Computer Devices? (In Detail)

Computer devices are the physical components (hardware) of a computer system. They are classified based on their roles in the computing process, such as input, output, processing, and storage. Below is a detailed explanation of the major categories and examples.

1. Input Devices

Input devices are used to enter data or instructions into a computer.

Examples:

Keyboard: Used for typing text, numbers, and commands.

Mouse: A pointing device to interact with graphical elements.

Scanner: Converts physical documents into digital format.

Microphone: Captures sound for audio input.

Webcam: Captures video for communication or recording.

Touchscreen: Acts as both input and output; users interact directly with the display.

Game Controller/Joystick: Used mainly in gaming to control movement and actions.

2. Output Devices

Output devices present the results of computer processing to the user.

Examples:

Monitor/Display: Shows visual output from the computer (text, video, images).

Printer: Produces physical copies (hard copies) of digital documents.

Speakers: Output sound from audio files or software.

Headphones: Provide personal audio output.

Projectors: Project computer screen onto a large surface.

3. Processing Device

The core component that processes data and instructions.

Central Processing Unit (CPU):

Often called the "brain" of the computer.

Performs all arithmetic and logical operations.

Consists of:

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Handles calculations and logic operations.

Control Unit (CU): Directs the flow of data and instructions.

Registers: Temporary storage for quick data access.

4. Storage Devices

These are used to store data permanently or temporarily.

Types:

Primary Storage (Memory):

RAM (Random Access Memory): Temporary storage; fast but volatile.

ROM (Read-Only Memory): Permanent, contains startup instructions.

Secondary Storage:

Hard Disk Drive (HDD): Magnetic storage, high capacity.

Solid-State Drive (SSD): Faster and more reliable than HDDs.

Optical Drives (CD/DVD): Use laser to read/write data.

Flash Drives (USB drives): Portable, solid-state storage.

Memory Cards: Used in cameras, phones, etc.

5. Communication Devices

Used to transmit data from one computer to another.

Examples:

Network Interface Card (NIC): Connects computer to a network.

Modem: Converts digital data to analog for telephone lines.

Router: Directs data across networks and connects multiple devices.

Wi-Fi Adapter: Enables wireless communication.

6. Peripheral Devices

These are external devices that connect to a computer to add functionality.

Can be input, output, or storage.

Examples include: external hard drives, printers, scanners, webcams, and game controllers.

[sn0id]

Wishing everyone who put explicit 🌽 on my dash this year by tagging them with innocent tags I follow and refusing to add community labels an uncomfortable 2024. May the new year bring you perpetually damp socks and itchy ass. May your headphones fail to have the perfect volume level, so you always have to choose between too quiet or too loud. May there be an electrical blackout while you're in an elevator with a lactose intolerant who has 0 ounces of shame in their soul and 8 ounces of feta in their small intestine. May you find the flicker of florescent lights impossible to ignore. May you feel a tickle at the back of your neck and lose your dignity in your panic. I'll break into your home and grease all your doorknobs.

[atomicjellycat]

Oh idk if any of y'all experienced the absolute disrespect windows did

So back when I have my old Dell laptop with windows 8 (AWFUL INTERFACE LITERALLY THE WORST THEY EVER DID) but it had a DVD play/disc reader whatever

Reader. People. Friends.

One day I got a notification.

That said in it's fancy 'this is totally a feature your welcome :3' tech-bro speak

We are no longer supporting your disc drive!! And it's now REMOTELY OBSOLETE

THEY DE-ACTIVATED MY FUCKING DISC DRIVE REMOTELY. BECAUSE THEY 'WERE NO LONGER SUPPORTING IT'

BITCH YOU ARENT PAYING CASH FOR MY DISC DRIVE TO CONTINUE TO FUNCTION ON THE PROPERTY I OWN WHAT THE FUCK??!!

[mycomputergeek]

Hardware vs Software — What’s the Real Difference?

Ever stared at your computer and wondered — “Wait... what's the actual difference between hardware and software?” 🤯

Still confused? I’ve made a full guide with:

https://mycomputergeek.com/difference-between-computer-hardware-software/

[autism-corner]

=w=b

[chonklatez]

on I think all the library computers in my city they come pre-installed with minecraft

you still need an account to like actually play anything but. like. still.

dude what do you mean minecraft still costs like 20 bucks. it should come preinstalled on every computer like solitaire at this point

[usonlineclasstaker]

A computer is an electronic device that processes information and performs tasks based on a set of instructions called a program. It consists of hardware components like a central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input/output devices, and software that controls the hardware and enables specific functions. Computers are used for a wide range of tasks, including communication, entertainment, education, research, and business.

[imhereonthekitchenfloor]

Plot twist: local biomedical engineer's least favorite science field is biology. (This makes a lot of sense you just don't see how)