#basque:general

[guillemelgat]

I'm trying to get back into the swing of studying Basque a bit more, so I'm going to try to listen to a song every day and look up all the words I don't know. I'm starting off with this song from Idoia's newest album, De amar y desandar, which is called "Autofikzioa" and which I'm a big fan of.

ilunpetan - in the dark (from ilunpe - 'darkness')

ito - to drown

kontraesan - contradiction

errai - gut

gatibu - captive, prisoner

hala ere - despite everything, nonetheless

(Ez nago ziur zer den "urperatzear" - uste dut "urpe" eta "atze" elkartzen dituela baina ez dakit zer esaten nahi duen)

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Gaurko abestia: "Beruna urre" - Bele

Abesti hau zailagoa izan da niretzat, ez dut asko ulertu, baina horrengatik hitz berri batzuk ikasi dut. Talde berria da, eta oso polita da bere musika, gomendatzen dut. 

Hiztegi berria:

zori - chance, luck

hautatu - to choose, to select

asti - free time

azti - clever, magic

haritz - oak

gupida - compassion, piety

lohi - mud

karramarro - crab

[guillemelgat]

Gaurko abestia: "Zapalduen olerkia" - Ken Zazpi

Erronka hau pixka bat aldatu nahi dut: egunero, abesti bat aukeratuko dut eta hitzak idazten saiatuko naiz. Gero, hemen ez dudan ezagutu hitzak ipiniko ditut. Eta euskaraz idatziko dut, oso gaizki baina egin ahal dut, ba egingo dut!

Gaur egun Ken Zazpi-ren "Zapalduen olerkia" aukeratu dut, oso abesti polita da eta asko gustatzen zait. Bertsio hau Euskadiko Orkestra Sinfonikoa-rekin eta nire gustokoena da, baina jatorrizkoa ere atsegin dut.

Hiztegia berria:

ezintasun - inability, incapacity

zapaldu - to oppress

estali - to cover

samin - sorrow, grief (also adj. bitter)

bizigabe - lifeless

istripu - accident

Eta galdera pare bat: (1) "hurbilao" eta "hurbil" berdina da edo zer da desberdintasuna? (2) zer esan nahi du "estalita dute"? (ezin dut ulertu zein denbora den)

[guillemelgat]

I thought this song, a collaboration between Basque band Bulego and Spanish musician Ede, was really pretty, and the words are also very poetic. They switch between Spanish and Basque in very interesting ways, but the whole thing comes together quite well. If you speak Spanish and/or Basque you can watch the process they went through to make the song here, and give a better explanation than I could of what it's about, but roughly it speaks to the fact that even past experiences that we regret make up an important part of who we are now, so as much as we might want to get rid of them we can't.

Si lo hubiera sabido antes If I had known before que todo este ruido escondía mi nombre That all this noise was hiding my name

Isiltasun honen atzean gorde dira Behind all this silence are being kept nire izenaren oihartzun guztiak All the echoes of my name

Quizás escondiendo las manos Maybe hiding my hands quizás rebajando la voz Maybe lowering my voice quizás resistiendo el impulso Maybe resisting the impulse o quizás incluso si no Or maybe even if not podría apagar esta culpa I could turn off this guilt pero sin todo este dolor But without all this pain

[ ERREPIKA / ESTRIBILLO: Ez nintzen ni izango I wouldn’t be me Esa no sería yo That wouldn’t be me Dudan hutsune honek bete ez banindu. If the hollowness that I have didn’t fill me Esa no sería yo That wouldn’t be me ez nintzen ni izango I wouldn’t be me hoy la culpa deja hueco a la luz Today guilt leaves a space for the light ]

Lorez apaindu ditut I’ve embellished with flowers isiltasun honen erpin guztiak All the spikes of this silence En este pecho tan lleno In this full bosom ya no cabe el silencio que me pides guardar There’s no room left for the silence that you asked me to keep

Agian ausartu banintz Maybe if I had dared to agian egin banu Maybe if I had done it agian ahots horrekin Maybe with that voice ezingo nuen lortu I wouldn’t have been able to erru hau itzali eta Turn off this guilt and min hau berriz ez sentitu Not feel this pain again

[ERREPIKA / ESTRIBILLO ]

[guillemelgat]

Day 1 - Musical Instruments (EUS)

musika tresna - musical instrument

piano - piano

biolin, bibolin - violin

gitarra - guitar

bateria - drums

baxu - bass

tronpeta - trumpet

tronboi - trombone

txirula - flute, whistle

trikitixa - diatonic accordion

pandero - tambourine

txalaparta - xylophone-like percussion instrument

ttun-ttun - string drum

alboka - single-reed horn

hari - string

arku - bow

tekla - key

pedal - pedal

tonuan jarri, afinatu - to tune

jo - to play

entsegu - to rehearse

kontzertu - concert

talde - group, band

orkestra - orchestra

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Bon mes d’orgull! • Harrotasuneko hilabete ona izan! • Bo mes do orgullo! • Buen mes d’orgüello! • Feliz mes d’arguyu! • ¡Feliz mes de orgullo!

❂❂❂❂❂❂❂❂❂

Téñoche un pano na hucha Pano de todas as cores Aqueles que o queren negro Non se merecen amores

- TANXUGUEIRAS | Pano Corado

[guillemelgat]

Hello everyone! I’m back onto the whole language month goals, and I’m starting out with a month of Basque.

I’m going to be using de Rijk’s Standard Basque: A Progressive Grammar, which I would not really recommend to any beginners—it’s alright but it’s not my favorite. The one good thing it does have, though, is exercises at the end of each chapter, which are just English-Basque and Basque-English translation; they’re a good way to start to get the gears running in my brain again. In addition, someone made a Memrise course of all the vocabulary (it’s called “Standard Basque - vocabulary” by MatiFilozof if the link doesn’t work), so it’s a good way to learn lots of vocabulary as well. I technically finished the course last summer, although I need to review it, but I figured that a combination of these two things would work to jumpstart my brain some.

I don’t want to promise any Basque grammar posts, because I’m quite busy with a couple of other goals/activities as well, but I’ll try to make some! They’ll be based off the book. In addition, I’m trying to come up with a way to practice Basque auxiliary and synthetic verbs and noun declensions so that I can easily do some of that every day and keep getting better at it. I’ll let you guys know if it ends up working out.

[guillemelgat]

Day 2 - Music Theory (EUS)

Quizlet set is here!

musika - music

nota - note

erritmo - rhythm

pultsazio, aldi - beat

konpas - measure

maior - major (n.)

maiorreko - major (adj.)

minor - minor (n.)

minorreko - minor (adj.)

eskala - scale

zortzidun - octave

diese - sharp

bemol - flat

akorde - chord

doinu, melodi - melody

harmonia - harmony

partitura - score

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GUILLEMELGAT’S CHRISTMAS AROUND THE WORLD | Euskal Herria (Basque Country)

Vendors at the Santo Tomas Fair in Donostia (source). On December 21, many Basque towns and cities host a winter market, celebrating local farmers. Donostia hosts one of the largest ones, with lots of different vendors selling both raw and prepared products.

A family in traditional Basque clothing at the Santo Tomas Fair in Donostia (source). For the fair, it’s common for people to dress in the traditional Basque clothing: abarka shoes; long skirts and a kerchief over the head for women; and a txapela hat and kerchief around the neck for men.

A plate of txistorra sausage at the Santo Tomas Fair in Irun (source). The most common treat at the Santo Tomas Fair is txistorra, a type of sausage which is often eaten wrapped up in a talo, which is similar to the Central American tortilla.

Two servings of intxaur-saltsa, a typical Basque Christmas dessert (source). Made from walnuts, this sweet has a creamy texture and is traditional on Christmas Eve.

A model Olentzero (source). Olentzero is often called the Basque Santa Claus; however, he is a bit different. Originally said to be one of the giants of the Pyrenees and a frightening figure, over the centuries, Olentzero evolved into a kind and generous gift-giver. His current origin story is as a charcoal-burner and wood-carver who sacrificed his life to save children from a burning house. Because of this deed, he was granted eternal life in order to keep making gifts for children. Olentzero parades through many towns at Christmastime and is a beloved figure for Basque people, having survived and come out strong on the other side of Francoist repression.

Txoronpio collects letters to Olentzero in a town in the Debagoiena region (source). Olentzero has two helpers called Txoronpio and Txoronpia, who walk around with sacks and collect letters from children to deliver to him. They are depicted by people on stilts with painted faces and dressed in traditional clothing.

The creche in the life-sized Nativity scene at Florida Park in Gasteiz (source). Every year in Gasteiz, life-sized statues fill Florida Park, creating a Nativity scene that takes up a section of the park and includes over 200 figures. Nativity scenes on a smaller scale are also common across the Basque Country and surrounding areas.

The Three Kings arrive in Donostia (source). The Spanish tradition is to give gifts on January 6, with the Three Kings leaving them in children’s shoes on the night of January 5. While Olentzero gives gifts on Christmas, children in the southern part of the Basque Country often also participate in Three Kings’ Day and get double the presents! There are also parades for the Three Kings, similar to Olentzero.

A traditional roscón de reyes (source). Another shared tradition with Spain in the southern Basque Country is making roscón de reyes, a sweet cake to be eaten on January 6. The tradition goes that however finds a certain object hidden in the cake gets to wear the crown and be king for the day—similar to other Christmas sweet traditions across Europe, such as English Christmas pudding.

(Thanks to this post for inspiration)

[guillemelgat]

MONONOKE PRINTZESA: Hiztegiak Euskaraz - 6. Atala

Hey look, several months literally way more than half a year later, I’m finally trying to finish watching Princess Mononoke! I think I have about a quarter of it left, but a fair amount of that might be action which goes by a lot quicker because I don’t need to translate it 😅 And here’s the Quizlet set for those who are interested in studying the vocabulary :’)

arrunt - ordinary, common, run-of-the-mill

hiltzaile - murderer, killer

ergel - stupid, foolish

hedatu - to extend

lotan - sleeping

hilzori - agony, dying

etzan - to rest, to lie

txikitu - to destroy, to cut up

ahul - weak

soil - simple, pure

burugogor - stubborn

alferrik galdu - to waste

gori - red-hot

ehortzi - to bury

amu - hook

lurrazpi - underground

jaurti - to throw

aintzira - lake

tori - take!

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Food Vocabulary in Basque

Photo by Dan Gold on Unsplash

Vocabulary related to food from my Basque class notes! Let me know if there are any mistakes. You can find the Quizlet set here!

Barazkiak - Vegetables

alberjinia - eggplant

arbi - turnip

aza - cabbage

azalore - cauliflower

azenario - carrot

baba - fava bean

babarrun - bean

baratxuri - garlic

dilista - lentil

erremolatxa - beet

garbantzu, txitxirio - chickpea

ilar - pea

kalabaza - pumpkin

kalabazin, kuiatxo - zucchini

leka - green bean

orburu, alkatxofa, artixot - artichoke

perretxiko - mushroom

perrexil - parsley

piper - pepper

porru - leek

tipula - onion

tomate - tomato

uraza, letxuga - lettuce

zainzuri - asparagus

zerba - Swiss chard

ziazerba - spinach

Frutak - Fruits

ahuakate - avocado

angurri, sandia - watermelon

gerezi - cherry

laranja - orange

limoi - lemon

mahats - grapes

mandarina - mandarin

marrubi - strawberry

meloi - melon

platano - banana

sagar - apple

txirimoia - custard apple

udare, madari - pear

Esnekiak - Dairy

esne - milk

gazta - cheese

gurin - butter

jogurt - yogurt

mami, gatzatu - curd

Haragia - Meat

azpizun - sirloin

hanburgesa - hamburger

odolki - blood pudding

oilasko - chicken

saltxitxa - sausage

solomo - loin

txistor - chistorra, pork sausage

txorizo - chorizo

txuleta - chop

urdaiazpiko - jamón, Spanish ham

xerra - steak

Arrainak - Fish

antxoa - anchovy

atun - tuna

bakailao - cod

berdel - mackerel

itsaski - shellfish

legatz - hake

muskuilu - mussel

muxila, txirla - clam

olagarro - octopus

sardina - sardine

txipiroi - squid

Janari Prestatuak - Prepared Food

albondiga, haragi-bola - meatballs

arroz-esne - rice pudding

eltzeko, erregosi - stew

entsalada - salad

entsaladilla - potato salad

ezti - honey

flan - flan

izozki - ice cream

kroketa - croquettes

natilla - custard

ogitarteko - sandwich

oilasko erre - roast chicken

opil - roll, bun

patata frijitu - french fry

patata-tortilla - potato omelette

salda - broth

tarta - cake

txokolate - chocolate

zopa - soup

Bestelako jakiak - Other Foods

arrautza - egg

arroz - rice

arto - corn

azukre - sugar

fideo - noodle

fruitu lehor - nut, dried fruit

gatz - salt

irin - flour

kafe - coffee

kamamila - chamomile

makarroi - macaroni

ogi - bread

oliba - olive

olio - oil

ozpin - vinegar

piperbeltz - pepper (spice)

te - tea

Edariak - Drinks

ardo - wine

freskagarri - soda

garagardo - beer

patxaran - pacharan (sloe aniseed brandy)

sagardo - cider

txakolin - chacoli (tangy white wine)

ur - water

zuku - juice

Jatorduak - Meals

gosari - breakfast

bazkari - lunch

askari - afternoon snack

afari - dinner

hamarretako, hamaiketako - elevenses, midmorning snack

Aditzak - Verbs

jan - eat

edan - drink

prestatu - prepare, cook

irakin - boil (water)

egosi - boil (food), bake

erosi - buy

eskatu - order

gosaldu - eat breakfast

bazkaldu - eat lunch

afaldu - eat dinner

gose izan - be hungry

egarri izan - be thirsty

[guillemelgat]

I started watching Princess Mononoke with Basque subtitles (which you can watch here 👀) and I’ve been going through and looking up all the vocabulary that I don’t understand. Here’s the first part (~first 20 minutes of the movie), some of the words have multiple defintions and I’ve only put here the one relevant to the dialogue I was trying to understand:

gizatiar - human

igarle - prophet

madarikazio - curse

uki - touch

zauritu - to injure, to wound

isuri - to pour

makurtu - to bow, to surrender

hilobi - grave

hileta - funeral

izaki - being

higuingarri - disgusting, detestable

neu - myself

albiste - news

basurde - wild boar

amorratu - to infuriate, to irritate

igarri - to predict, to notice

gezi - arrow

jaurti - to throw, to shoot

patu - destiny

lausotu - to cloud over

egotzi - to blame

gizaldi - generation

jadanik - already

debekatu - forbidden, to forbid

ardura - care

aizto - knife

borrokaldi - fighting

muino - hill

agudo - quickly

harrapatu - to catch

orban - stain

txiza - urine

aizun - false

aztertu - to examine, to study

pinporta - grain, lump

inozo - stupid

lekaide - friar

zakukada - full sack

hanka egin - to run away, to escape

segika - following

erakustaldi - exhibition

erraldoi - giant

zehar - through, along

arrasto - trace, mark

zoragarri - wonderful

uholde - flood

inguratu - to surround

izurrite - plague

hilezkor - immortal

trukean - in exchange

katilu - cup, bowl

orein - deer

akabatu - to kill, to die

I made a Quizlet set here, I’ll keep adding stuff to it as I go!

[guillemelgat]

Egin zaitez artzain, ez ertzain // “Become a shepherd, not a policeman”

Ernai taldeko eranskailuatik, postera nahi nuen eta hau egin dut. Jesus Maria Arzuagakoa da argazkia, Oñatiko artzaina, bere txakurra eta ardiak. Mesedez erabili eta banatu ezazu irudi hau!

From a sticker by Ernai (Basque leftist group), I wanted a poster and I made this. The photo is by Jesus Maria Arzuaga, of a shepherd, his dog, and sheep in Oñati. Please use and share this picture!

[guillemelgat]

MONONOKE PRINTZESA: Hiztegiak Euskaraz - 5. Atala

More vocab from Mononoke Printzesa, I’ve also added it all to the  Quizlet set so study away!

egotzi - to expel, to throw

maltzur - crafty, wily

hagin - molar, tooth

tximu - monkey

are ...-ago - even more ...

etsi - to consider

axola - care, worry, interest

berritsu - gossipy, slanderous

inork ez bezala - unlike anyone

noranahi - anywhere, wherever

kirastu - to reek

ehiztari - hunter

alegia - legend

lehenagoko - previous

letagin - fang

koldar - coward

honako hau - this (n.)

murtxikatu - to chew

gizakume - man

ezgauza - useless, trifle

botere - power, ability

erregutu - to beg

bular - chest

urde - pig

froga - proof

aurrena - firstly, first of all

burutsu - sensible, reasonable

hara - well now

atzera - once again

ahaltsu - powerful

deuseztatu - to remove, to destory

aurka - against

txilio - scream, shriek

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MONONOKE PRINTZESA: Hiztegiak Euskaraz - 3. Atala

Approximately 10 more minutes of vocab! Quizlet set is here and includes words from all the previous parts, we’ll see how much more I can do before school starts :’)

banatu - to share, to distribute

eragozpen - impediment, obstruction

aizu! - listen!

ukuilu - stable, stall

traba egin - to impede

arreta - interest, attention

zorigaizto - bad luck, misfortune

kutsatu - to contaminate

bizar - beard

agortu - to run out

lehenbizi - firstly

ebaki - to cut

untziratu (ontziratu) - to embark

iritzi - to presume, to appear, to believe

gutiziatu - to desire, to covet

erdibitu - to cut in half

pisutsu - heavy, important

arinki - quickly

babesgarri - protection

lodi - thickness

jokatu - to play, to joke

hilgarri - fatal, lethal

atsekabetu - to inflict, to cause pain

sarraski - killing, massacre

gutxietsi - to underestimate

bezainbeste - as much as

mendeku - revenge

aterpe - refuge

bendatu - to bandage

ereite - seed, sowing

muin - essence

ohiko - normal, typical

bazter - corner, side

elezahar - legend

legendun - leper

agindu - to order, to control

[guillemelgat]

MONONOKE PRINTZESA: Hiztegiak Euskaraz - 2. Atala

More vocab because I watched 10 more minutes of the movie! Quizlet set is here, with words from the first part and hopefully continued updates ^-^

zenbat eta ...-ago - the more, the ....-er

garraiatu - to transport, to carry

idi - bullock, ox

sutauts - (gun)powder

irismen - reach, range

kume - cub

... besterik - just, only, nothing more than

jainkosa - goddess

askoz gehiago - much more

kalte - harm, damage

arduratu - to care, to worry

erresuma - kingdom

alde! - out!, begone!

okerrera egin - to make worse

nekez - difficultly

milaka - by the thousands

galant - big, beautiful

oinatz - footprint

beharbada - maybe, probably

okertu - to make a mistake

salbu - safe

atseden - rest, break

eutsi - hold on

bat-batean - suddenly

jada - already

hautsi - to break

gotorleku - fortress

meategi - mine

itzain - ox driver

zaindari - guard, warden

mozorro - disguise

tiratzaile - marksman

bizkar - back

biziki - strongly, intensely

igaro - to pass

ederto - well, great

lerdokeria - ridiculousness

puztu - to inflate, to brag