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[therottingrota]

So People Mag put up an article about the Middleton Family Tree. I revised it cause they left out some stuff. I present to you:

The Quick Genealogical Guide to Kate's Illustrious Family, Clan Middleton(Rotting Rota's Version)

*disclaimer: heavy satire throughout*

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Michael Middleton

Good old Pa Middy was born of landed gentry. He worked as a British Airways flight dispatcher where he met the Matriarch. He then quit his job to help run Carole's business, Party Pieces. In his free time he enjoys basically signing the checks..............or not signing them (if the families mounting debt is anything to go buy or the angry neighbors putting up flyers around their town

Carole Middleton (née Goldsmith)

The Matriarch of Clan Middleton, Krafty Karole was born from a more lowlier background. She was the daughter of a builder & decended from a coal miner. She worked as an air stewardess where she met Pa Middleton, the man from a prominent Yorshire family. This was the bag love of Carole's life. So they wed & had 3 kids: Katie, Pippa & James. Carole along with Pa Middleton started Party Pieces, a mail order party supply company, which fell into administration in 2020 & was 2 million in debt (you'll find failing is a common reoccurrence with the Middleton family, business wise).

Krafty Karole's number 1 hobby is thinking of higher ambitions. Her résumé includes: getting her daughters into the top posh schools no matter the cost for social climbing business purposess ofcourse😉, encouraging her daughter Kate to wait for William no matter how many times he dumps her or embarasses her, a failed attempt at getting Pippa to be the next Duchess of Northumberland, having a daughter that managed to bag the Prince Willy of Wails no matter how sad & vacant Katie looks in exchange for it, oh & what else, I guess I'll throw in swindling an Afghan refuge of his helium & stiffing her daughter's wedding cake maker. I guess Pa Middleton forgot to sign the checks those times.

Pippa Middleton Matthews

The middle child & younger sister of Kate, Pippa was raised in Bucklebury she went on a sport/all rounder scolarship at the elite Marlborough College. She went to Edinburgh University graduating with a degree in English Literature it was at Edinburgh where she was roomates with Earl Percy future Duke of Northumland. She also gained a postgraduate master's degree in Physical Education, Sport & Physical Literacy from University of Wales Trinity Saint David. She was a harder worker than her sister with a job in public relations, event managing, a magazine colomnist, contributing editor of Vanity Fair in 2013, but some ventures proved unfruitful like her party planning book that wasn't a hit, & her failed attempt at directing a company PXM which closed down (classic Middleton business dealings).

She liked to hang around topless with Prince William, her sister's boyfriend (I know, a bit weird but different strokes for different folks🤷‍♀️). Her claim to fame is being sister to a future Queen, a certified Wisteria Sister😎, aunt to a future king, sister-in-law to a future king, & a booty that made headlines around the world at her sister's wedding. Since she couldn't bag the future Duke, Mother Carol decided billionaire hedge fund manager James Matthews would do. Pippa wed James Matthews. Pippa has 3 children with Matthews

James Middleton

The youngest child & only brother of Kate & Pippa, James was raised in Bucklebury. He went to the elite Marlbourgh Colleg like his sisters. He attended the University of Edinburgh (like sister Pippa) studying Environmental Resources Management, but dropped out. He created a cake making business which closed( see that classic Middleton failing busness venture thing I was talking about earlier), he also created another business called The Cake Kit Company which closed (again). He co-founded Boomf a personalized greeting card & marshmallow company which was in hot water for allowing the sales of boxes with swastikas & antisemitic images. Boomf eventually fell into admistration (again another failed business). His neighbor doesn't like him & claims he's noisy. He is currently the creator of Ella & Co. a mail order dog food company which he sent a to a sample to notorious rota rodent & employed hater of the Duchess of Sussex, the serpent of eden Ricard Eden.

James has been open about his depression & is also dyslexic. He dated actress Donna Air, but he married French finacial analyst, Alizée Thevenet. They have 1 son.

The Extended Members & Marry-ins

Gary Goldsmith

Crazy Uncle Gary is The Matriarch's brother & Uncle to Future Queen Kate. He "worked" in IT recruitment & is reportedly worth 30 million. I say "worked" because in July 2009, Goldsmith was the subject of a "sting" by News of the World in which he was filmed dealing cocaine to an undercover reporter. So his business was probably a cover for his coke dealings, & the coke dealings are probably how he ammassed his large fortune. He has been married 4 times. He attacked his 4th wife Julie-Anne brown, & was charged with assault by beating & pleaded guilty to the charge. He has 1 daughter.

James Matthews

He is unfortunately the son of David Matthews, a car dealer & luxury hotel owner who is facing charges of raping an teenage girl. James went to Eton like the other brother-in-law Prince William. James is a hedgefund manager & retired professional race car driver, he is supposedly worth billions. He is married to Pippa Middleton who he has 3 children with.

Alizée Thevenet

She's French, daughter of a retired diplomat, is a financial analyst, & supposedly has lots of money (which is the 2nd thing that Matriarch Middleton loves after a title). She is married to James Middleton with whom she has 1 child.

Prince William

Will.i.am of Wails is the son of doomed couple, King Charles & the late Diana, Princess of Wales (née Spencer). He dated a bunch of girls & settled for Kate cause she was the last one left. Some call it love others call it a partnership, whatever the matter they have 3 kids: the heir, the spare, & the spare 2. He can be found 9 times out of 10 being lazy, incandecentally raging, sneakly leaking to the press about his brother like a sieve &/or pruning rose bushes in Norfolk.

[bellastoolbox]

I can see physical currencies being obsolete in the future especially with the recent introduction of cryptocurrency becoming available. Helium Network Tokens (HNT) are "used to pay for data transfer over the Helium network". For example this network is used when making wireless transactions with a credit/debit card. HNT is considered cryptocurrency and according to the IRS "virtual currency is treated as property for Federal income tax purposes". One of the biggest advantages is that when HNT is burned to create Data Credits (DC) this "theoretically increases the value of remaining HNT". On the otherhand the overcrowding of miners in one area on the network doesnt allow for much return on the investment of the miner. This is like investing in your own fishing vessle with 100s of other nets in the water all competing to catch the same fish. Also if there arnt enough signals connected to eachother, data cannot transfer through the network chain. One of the biggest risks with cryptocurrency is that the "value can change constantly and dramatically". My husband has two bobcat miners and it is interesting to be apart of this community. We have experienced the over crowding as well as the scarcity of connection but this has allowed us to be apart of a network that is, in my opinion, a missed opportunity by others. I myself use google wallet most often to buy things online because its convenient. Otherwise i use my physical debit card in person because i personally dont trust the digital wallet. The ways to minimize any concerns that i have though is by using two factor authentication, email/text alerts, and by using cards/accounts with fraud prevention built in.

Frequently asked questions on virtual currency transactions. Internal Revenue Service. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2023, from https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/frequently-asked-questions-on-virtual-currency-transactions 

Cryptocurrency risks. CT.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2023, from https://portal.ct.gov/DOB/Consumer/Consumer-Education/Cryptocurrency-Risks 

Bobcat Miner. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2023, from https://bobcatminer.com/ 

[greyscube]

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[mainsprofile]

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[jagnetwork]

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[pinkverge]

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[netrunnerconduit]

Hope by the Bar

There was a strike on Mars. This was odd to Steve for a couple reasons. First of all, ‘strikes’ on Mars tended to mean dronestrikes, so simply walking out of a mine seemed downright exotic in its peacefulness. The second odd thing was that MMC had responded in kind, sort of. Rather than simply hire a bunch of two-bit, Martian supremacist thugs to break some skulls, they had simply opted to starve out the protesters. MMC didn’t normally care about a little bad PR, so Steve wondered what would happen if he followed that lead.

Alas, he would have to chase wild geese later on. For now, he was lugging four large crates through a darkened, subterranean tunnel. René would’ve laughed at him for calling it ‘lugging’. The crates, packed as they were with high density rations, were on maglev pads, frictionlessly gliding along in front of him. But he did still have to push them, that counted for something right?

Up ahead, Steve could see lights. Not the steady, halogenic lights that would’ve normally lit these tunnels, but a wavering, natural light. That meant that Steve had followed the directions correctly. As Steve neared the source, he could smell the burnt rubber of a tire fire. Fuck, was it really that bad already?

He pushed the crates through across the threshold from underground tunnel to underground dome. The crates passed through unmolested, but Steve not so much. Two burly miners flanked him. One grabbed him by the collar, while the other started trying to open the crates.

“Who the fuck are you?” menaced Steve’s haranguer.

Steve looked around at the small tent city illuminated by tire and helium-drum fires. By the looks of things, these two were on guard duty because they were the only ones left with any sort of muscle mass. Steve was about to utter some lame excuse when he spied who he was looking for. “Nditshe! It’s me!” Steve waved enthusiastically at a particular circle of people.

“Relax you two, he’s with me,” came a strong voice in response. The miner’s grip on Steve’s collar loosened but didn’t let go. Nditshe strolled over. He was a tall man, though balding on top. He clapped the miner on the back. “He’s with me.”

The miner fully let Steve go now, and Nditshe turned around and raised a loudspeaker to his lips.

“Everyone! I bring good news! My friend here has brought us something invaluable. We all know times have been rough. We are starving! Melange may not be resorting to outright violence, but they are killing us nonetheless. If we were on Earth or even Luna, the press would be our ally. Instead, like always, Martians struggles are ignored and forgotten by the rest of the planets. It’s as if no one cares. But one man cares. He may think he has simply brought us food, but the truth is he’s brought us something much more valuable. He has brought us hope! Hope that we will win this strike before dying of starvation! Hope that people outside Mars care about our struggles! And that hope’s name is Armin Leitz!”

The crowd cheered at the mention of Steve’s alias, actually no, it was a burner name. Use once and then never touch again. Of course he was using a fake name, Steve knew a lot of people. Some of those people found themselves in possession of 500 kilos of very expired ration bars. Steve had been able to buy them off a regular retailer of his at an absolutely cut-throat rate. And then, the striking miners had been able to pay in raw HE-3 to cover the ‘costs’. Win-win for Steve. “There’s more where that came from!” He yelled to the throng of people swarming the crates “No need to push! There’s more crates down the tunnels!” If the miners survived this strike, all the better. If not, at least Steve was taking some of MMC’s lode. He hoped the miners won their strike, he really did, but he didn’t want this very profitable act of charity to be tied back to him. In the meantime, he thought he might go chasing geese.

[random-thought-depository]

So, in my last post I wrote this:

“Like … right now I’m planning out a story I intend to write in January; it’s supposed to be a kind of deconstruction of the Fremen mirage, and very much one of the thoughts going into it is “yo, a Proud Warrior Race would be a horrible society to live in or have as neighbors, we shouldn’t romanticize them!” and yet … I feel that the “bad guy” culture in it is much better, from a literary viewpoint, for me having given some thought to the material base of their society and how that would shape their culture. I could have just written them as flat edgelordy-grimdark barbarians, but thinking about their culture in materialist terms gave me a more complex and nuanced picture that I think will make for a more interesting and nuanced story and a fictional society that feels more interesting and human and alive.”

So, I want to infodump a little about this fictional culture I’ve thought up! I’m splitting this up into two posts because otherwise it’d be long in a way my Tumblr’s format is not kind to; in the first post I’m going to talk about the material base that defines this fictional society I’ve thought up, and in the second post I’m going to talk about more historically contingent features of their culture.

Note: for a lot of what’s in this post, I tried to make something hard SF-ish, but much of what I’ve written was the result of kind of “working backwards” from the sort of culture I was imagining to a material base that might create such a culture. So this is more playing with an idea than an attempt at anything particularly realistic.

Material base:

The basic political and economic unit of this society is the semi-self-sufficient space habitat community. These communities are about the size of a small town, I’m thinking thousands to tens of thousands of people (though I haven’t quite fixed it firmly, and anyway there’s wide variation; more successful communities are bigger). This town-size community lives in a semi-mobile space habitat, which I’m thinking is more-or-less a hollow cylinder spun for centrifugal gravity attached to a central spindle which is spacecraft construction facilities, engines, etc.. This space habitat contains enough hydroponic gardens, industrial machinery, etc. that the habitat can sustain itself completely independently for at least a few years. The space habitat has a rocket engine and a hyperspace engine, so it’s mobile, and these people are at least semi-nomadic, often moving their habitats when faced with opportunity or danger. The space habitat carries smaller spacecraft that can be detached and sent out to mine asteroids and KBO-type bodies, scoop helium 3 up from gas giant atmospheres, etc. and return these resources to the main habitat. Along with a closed life support system and efficient recycling, this makes such a community almost self-sufficient (though the almost qualifier is important, as I’ll discuss later).

People who are remembering Brett Devereaux’s last essay here may have noted a certain parallel with steppe nomads, with the main habitat being kind of analogous to the mobile but vulnerable main nomad camp where the non-combatants, livestock, and valuables are kept while the smaller resource-gatherer etc. craft are kinda analogous to the highly mobile horse-mounted war parties.

The reason these communities are so small is that their economies are not resource-limited but machinery-limited, labor-limited, and skilled specialized labor limited. Most raw materials these people may need are super-abundant to them, the bottleneck is transforming those raw materials into air, food, machinery, furniture, useful energy, etc. and maintaining efficient almost-closed loops of recycling. Sustaining a space community requires lots of complex machinery and lots of specialized skilled labor, and maintaining and replacing the machinery often requires more complex machinery (tools to make the tools) and more specialized skilled labor. Keeping humans alive in space is hard, so the return on investment from this is low. Therefore, these communities generally try to make efficient use of labor and maintain more-or-less the smallest viable population.

This implies reproduction within communities like this will probably be carefully controlled. A community like this must stay within a delicate balance; they must have enough people to do all the necessary labor with a comfortable safety margin to avoid situations like the only person with some important skill dying unexpectedly before they could train their replacement, but they must not have so many people that they strain the life support capacity of their habitat. That suggests reproduction usually tightly and deliberately controlled to stay at more-or-less replacement rate and no more.

It also implies a community like this will probably be quite communitarian and disciplined. Consumption will have to be tightly controlled. The means of production will probably be directly controlled by the political leadership. Its economy would probably look communist-ish to us, or maybe like a Bronze Age palace economy, with most necessities and luxuries being distributed basically as rations. Commercial transactions will be marginal to the internal economies of these communities; they’ll probably exist, but only in the form of informal mostly small-scale barter (think something similar to the cigarette economy that may exist in a prison), and they will not be anyone’s primary occupation or source of subsistence or power. Internal economic inequality within a community like this will be mostly a matter of status, not wealth; if somebody eats better it’s because they receive more and better food as an entitlement associated with their political office and/or social status, not because they own a big pile of gold that they use to buy food or something. Probably a community like this will be fairly economically egalitarian even if it is socio-politically unequal; if there’s a king he might have a somewhat bigger apartment, somewhat more and better food, a nice wardrobe of good-quality clothes with lots of bling, etc., but the difference in access to resources between him and one of his servants would be trivial compared to the difference in access to resources between me and a billionaire.

OK, but these people are supposed to be “bad guys” and a “Proud Warrior Race,” so where does that come in? Well, now let’s look at the economy of a community like this and ask: what might they need to get from other communities, and by extension what might they want to violently steal from outsiders?

Certainly not raw resources! If they want water, nitrogen, deuterium, iron, copper, platinum, etc. they can just send out a mining ship to an asteroid or KBO-like body to get some and bring it to them. If they want helium 3 they can just send out a scoop-ship to go down into the atmosphere of the nearest gas giant, gather some up, and bring it to them. And so on. Raw resources are mostly super-abundant to a culture like this and it would make no sense to risk injury or death stealing them from armed outsiders (there are a few exceptions to this that prove the rule, more on that later). So, if not raw resources, what?

Remember that their economy is machinery-limited. They need lots of complex machinery to survive, and then they need more complex machinery to repair and replace that complex machinery (tools to make the tools), and then sometimes they need tools to make the tools to make the tools, and so on. If each community had to be completely self-sufficient this might spiral out unmanageably. But it becomes much more manageable if they are just mostly self-sufficient and tap into larger commercial/industrial networks, e.g. a mostly planet-dwelling society with some orbital infrastructure and asteroid mining that has millions of people. Then if there’s the occasional hard to make spare part they can’t make themselves, it’s not a big deal, they can just send a trading expedition to get some of those parts from outsiders every ten years or so. Or if there’s some hard to make anti-viral drug they can’t make themselves, again, no big deal, they can just send a trading expedition to get some of it from outsiders every few years. A trading expedition ... or a raiding expedition.

Probably they would usually prefer to trade, humans usually prefer sharing or trading to violent theft because it’s less risky, violent theft means the possibility of injury or death (plus in this case complex machinery would be likely to get smashed up in a violent heist). A mutually beneficial trading relationship between a culture like this and a planet-dweller culture would be quite natural; to these people a planet-dweller society is rich in labor but poor in mineral resources such as platinum, while to planet-dwellers this space-dweller culture is rich in mineral resources but poor in labor and certain kinds of machinery and high value added finished goods. But here we have a potential basis for a culture that follows a Viking-style strategy of “if they outgun us, trade, if we outgun them, raid,” with the consequence of this culture’s relationship to other societies being a mix of trade and war.

Some raw resources may be worth stealing here; exceptions that prove the rule that for a space-dwelling culture like this raw resources aren’t worth stealing but value-added finished goods may be. For example, it’s theoretically possible to sift small quantities of naturally occurring antimatter from gas giant magnetic fields, and that stuff might be valuable for catalyzing fusion reactions. That might be worth stealing, because in a sense it’s a raw resource that’s kind of like a finished good; the difficulty is concentrating the very diffuse stuff; an antimatter capture facility with its Penning traps almost full might be worth raiding in the same way a big hoard of gathered acorns might be worth raiding for hunter-gatherers (this resource is abundant but diffuse, somebody else has taken the trouble to gather a lot of it into one spot, you can effectively appropriate their hard work by stealing the hoard). Similarly I could see this culture opportunistically intercepting freighters carrying helium 3, mined semi-refined asteroid material, etc., not so much stealing the resources as functionally stealing the labor of gathering and refining the resources.

There’s another thing a community like this might want to take from outsiders: people.

The economy of a community like this is also skilled specialized labor limited. In fact, that’s probably the more fundamental bottleneck: they can’t build and operate all the machinery they need to be truly self-sufficient because they don’t have the skilled specialist labor, and this is an equilibrium trap because trying to create more skilled specialist labor has a low return on investment for them; keeping a human alive in space is resource-intensive, and a new human probably won’t begin to give them a return on the investment for at least 15 years or so, likely longer (skilled specialized labor, so think e.g. doctors and engineers and literal rocket scientists; training them will take time). One way a community like this can adjust the equation to be more in its favor is to acquire skilled specialized laborers who have already been raised and trained by a different community; then they can skip all the investment in the child and go straight to benefiting from the labor of the fully trained adult.

There’s another reason a community like this might want to take people: genetic diversity. We’re talking about a small community, maybe a few tens of thousands of people, that is somewhat isolated. Inbreeding and lack of genetic diversity can kill small and isolated communities. As I said earlier, reproduction in a community like this will probably be extensively controlled, and I think one aspect of that might be controlling marriages to eliminate or minimize the risks associated with inbreeding. But it would be helpful if a community like this could assimilate some outsiders every generation, to increase its genetic diversity. So the community may want to assimilate even outsiders who don’t have any particularly in-demand specialist skills, to boost its genetic diversity.

Note: while this is a setting where aliens exist, it’s one that’s demographically dominated by humans, so most of the foreigners these people interact with will be other humans. This is significant here.

These two motivations synergize with each other. Most obviously, assimilating a skilled specialist outsider increases the community’s skilled specialist labor pool and also the community’s genetic diversity. But also, because of dynamics adjacent to Baumol’s cost disease, even relatively “unskilled” labor would be valuable in a community like this. Somebody who cleans toilets frees up somebody else to be e.g. a doctor or a nuclear engineer, in a much more reliable and direct way than is the case in a high-population capitalist society like ours. So even assimilating a relatively “unskilled” outsider could both increase the community’s genetic diversity and give it a real economic boost (as with a skilled specialist, compared to creating a new worker through natural reproduction and education, it’s a significant savings to the community if the new worker has been raised to adulthood by a different community).

I’m putting “unskilled” in quotes here cause I think when people say “unskilled” when talking about labor often what they are really talking about is “skills that are taught outside formal school institutions” or “skills that are transmitted but not taught.” I think “unskilled” in this sense is often a political term used to devalue people’s labor and justify people being paid little, worked hard, exposed to unpleasant working conditions, etc., so I don’t like using it ... but I can’t think of a better word to quickly communicate the concept I want to communicate here; I must work with the language my culture has given me. But I’ll put it in quotes here, to indicate I’m not using the concept uncritically.

Aside: you might think that a labor-limited community would make lots of use of robots and other automation, but I’m not sure that’d be true of these people. You’d think a futuristic super-Roomba would be a labor savings compared to a person with a simpler hand-pushed vacuum cleaner, but what about all the labor and machinery needed to make the Roomba? A Roomba represents a strategy of investing secondary sector labor to save tertiary sector labor, and that makes sense if you’ve got a big population and can build big factories so you can benefit from economies of scale, but it might not work as well for almost-self-sufficient small communities. A Roomba factory may be worth it if it saves the labor of a million human cleaners, but what about if it saves the labor of 100 human cleaners? A human is a very useful general-purpose gadget that can replace many specialized gadgets. So I think, counterintuitively, in a community like this you might actually see a lot of theoretically relatively easily automated manual labor being done by humans. This would synergize with a strategy of assimilating some relatively “unskilled” outsiders to increase genetic diversity; these people must be fed, given air to breathe, etc. like everyone else, so it would make sense to try to take advantage of their “as a human, they are a very useful general-purpose gadget that can replace many specialized gadgets” feature. Remember, this is a community that would want to make efficient use of labor and that would want to maintain approximately replacement rate reproduction.

As I said, humans generally prefer sharing or trading to violent theft, because violent theft is risky, and I think that would probably apply here too. Space communities like this would likely have traditions of peacefully “trading” people with each other. One relatively nice way this might happen is e.g. every ten years communities exchange groups of young volunteer emigrants. A less nice way is something like a political leader selling another community’s political leader a doctor and receiving as payment two relatively “unskilled” but young, pretty, and fertile women to be brides for his sons. But again, where trade is a possibility, violent theft is also a possibility. So along with stealing machinery and value-added finished goods, a primary goal of raiding may be capturing people; especially skilled specialists such as doctors, nuclear engineers, etc., but anyone who looks like they might make a good slave might be opportunistically abducted.

If this is starting to sound like nightmare fuel, you’re not wrong, but there is one significant mitigating factor. Remember that the most high-value and sought-after captives would be skilled specialists such as doctors, nuclear engineers, etc.. This is the kind of work where trying to extract labor from people by simple brutality doesn’t work well. You can’t just whip a computer programmer to make them code faster, and you really don’t want to anger the person who fixes the machine that makes the air you breathe, one of the people who tend the nuclear reactor that creates energy for your community, or the person who might do surgery on you. So the experience of being captured and enslaved by these people will often be less chain gang or Gor novel stuff and more “You are given a small but comfortable apartment, decent food, and moderate work assignments. It is made clear to you that bad things will happen to you if you make trouble or don’t work. If you obey your captors and do the work they tell you to do, they will be nice to you and treat you well. Their ultimate plan is to get you to become accustomed to your new life, make friends, get a boyfriend or girlfriend and make a child or three with them, and in this way become sufficiently invested in your new community that you wouldn’t want to go home even if you could.”

Of course, let’s not be too charitable to people who are basically enslavers; that’s how relatively high-value captives are treated, less valued captives are at much more risk of physical and sexual abuse, reproductive coercion, and unsafe and unpleasant working and living conditions.

If you’ve read James C. Scott’s The Art of Not Being Governed and Against The Grain, this may remind you a little of Mr. Scott’s thesis that for much of the history of civilization states were labor-limited, not land-limited. Mr. Scott’s work was a big inspiration to me when I was imagining this culture. Someday I might make a post talking about how I think “the purpose of war isn’t to acquire resources, it’s to acquire people, infrastructure, and machinery” is one of the more plausible paradigms for war in space, but this is long enough so I’ll leave that for another day.

Earlier I drew an analogy between the resource gatherer ships of these people and the war parties of steppe nomads. The context I’ve described here makes the analogy much better. Communities like this won’t just carry resource gatherer ships, but also raiding ships, built for raiding and heavily armed. This also implies violence will be a substantial factor in the life of a community like this; either they will have a significant class of professional warriors, or raiding and preparing for raiding will be a significant part of the average person’s life. I’m going with the first option, which is how you get a Proud Warrior Race instead of weekend-warrior types; as is usual in cases like this, the “Proud Warrior Race” is actually a specific privileged class within this society, and when you read that they are proud you should think of it in that context. I’ll talk about that a lot more in my next post, in which I’ll talk about these people as a culture instead of just as an economy.

[cryptoswen]

How to Hotspotmining, what is it? and is it worth it?

#mining #homemining #miningcrypto #howtominehelium

Hotspot mining has become really popular in recent times and it is said to be the people's network. But what does that really mean? And can you make money from it?

How to mine helium.

Installing your helium miner is simple. Unlike other hardware mining, helium machines do not sound anything. And they do not draw as much electricity as bitcoin mining!What you do is to buy a custom-made router that you connect to your internet and a power supply. Download the helium app and scan your router's QR code. It's that simple.

At the time of writing, 1 HNT (helium coin) is worth $ 13.94USDT

What are the benefits of hotspot mining?

In today's situation the helium network are under development. But you can still mine their coin HNT.

In the future, everything will be able to be connected to the helium network and provide you as a user with a safer and more private internet use. Since Helium is a long-range wireless coverage, it means that everyone who joins the helium network will get better coverage. This is incredibly valuable for everyone in the future when it comes to being able to rely on a stable connection. It applies to everyone and everything!

AND YES IT'S WORTH IT! You want to be among the first owners of a hotspot miner in your area? Because if there is to many you won't earn as much as if there is only 3 other hotspot miners in your area.

Pre-order your hotspot miner today and get 10% of with coupon code CRYPTOSWEN

Pre-order your hotspot miner today and get 10% of with coupon code CRYPTOSWEN

[wisdomrays]

TAFAKKUR: Part 174

Little-Known Rare-Earth Elements

Will there be wars over elements like there have been over petroleum and water? What element have we been using in color televisions? What substance is used to make energy saving, environmental light bulbs?

Each of the elements found in the periodic table have their own characteristics. After they have been cooked in the pot of the universe, these substances that are offered to our service can be radioactive (like uranium), metallic (like magnesium) and even gaseous (like helium). Seventeen of the elements not easily found among the layers underground have unique properties. These elements are called rare-earth elements, because it is hard to discover and mine them.

Rare-earth elements are in many of our everyday devices. The data projected on a computer screen is transmitted via optic cables containing erbium. The light of a tablet device is generated by the phosphorescent element europium. We actually touch indium covered surfaces when we scroll our fingers on touch screen monitors. When listening through headphones, we are using neodymium magnets that are ten times stronger than iron magnets.

From space technologies to defense industries, from cell phones to LED lighting, many such rare-earth elements are used in every stage of our lives. These elements – many of which we cannot live without, even though we've never heard of them – were recorded into the Critical Materials Strategy Document published by the U.S. Department of Energy in 2010. In a public announcement, the department declared fourteen of the elements as specially significant regarding clean energy, listed six of them as critical, and the other four as near critical. Fifteen elements, beginning with lanthanum and ending with lutetium, numbered between 57 and 71, comprise lanthanides. Combined with scandium and yttrium, these make up the seventeen rare-earth elements.

The elements that we touch on screens

Indium (atomic number 49) gains the properties of electrical conductivity and optic transparency when combined with tin, which, at number 50, is indiums's neighbor on the periodic table. Optical transparency is a desired property for plasma screen and television technologies. Indium is also an important material for mobile phone touchscreens. Interestingly, when indium combines with cadmium, also as a neighbor at number 48, it loses the optical transparency. Instead, it is able to absorb light. Light harvesting is a very critical feature in the production of solar cells.

The relationship of indium with its two neighbors opens new horizons for scientists. In the near future, it is hoped that many unknown and interesting features will be unearthed by investigating the known elements of the periodic table. It is amazing that these elements have been around for thousands of years in the universe only to be discovered by technological advancements.

The need for rare-elements in the world is around fifty thousand tons. The current recorded reserve for rare-earth elements is 110 Million tons. Currently, 95% of the demand for rare-earth elements is supplied by China, yet the country only has 35% of the world's reserves. Therefore scientists are constantly searching for rare-earth element mines to eliminate the Chinese monopoly and to boost the production of these rare materials. In recent years, China has gotten into political debates with Japan and the United States by curbing rare-earth element exports. Economic journals covering these debates wondered if "element wars" were near. In 2010, a massive reserve of elements, enough to sustain worldwide demand, was discovered in the Pacific Ocean. Developed countries are now planning to recycle rare-earth elements from used devices due to low reserves.

Yttrium, europium, and terbium (atomic numbers 39, 63 and 65) have been known for a long time. Terbium and yttrium are named after the Swedish town of Ytterby. Yttrium is the first rare-earth element discovered, at the end of 18th century. Plastics containing europium are used to make laser products; it's also used as an element to provide the red color on television screens. Yttrium has a supplementary role that enhances europium's red color production. And terbium oxide activates the green phosphorescence of television tubes with its yellow-green phosphorescent property.

Terbium also enables an 80% reduction of energy consumption in light bulbs. This makes it one of the most wanted elements in the $2 billion rare-earth element market. Today, when we purchase class A type light bulbs, we are actually buying rare elements like terbium.

Neodymium (number 60), which emits a green light via laser pointers, is also used in the magnets of electric motors. When neodymium combines with boron and iron, it makes a magnet twelve times stronger than simple iron magnets. Because it is significantly less dense than iron, it makes electric motors and laptop computers much lighter. Another interesting feature of neodymium is that it enhances the data storage capacity of hard drives. Furthermore, neodymium is wanted for electrical devices and wind turbines.

The union of elements

Dysprosium was discovered in 1886 and can never be found in a free form in nature. This is because it exists in a compound form with other minerals, like gadolinite. Dysprosium is also known for its magnetic property, and when mixed with terbium and iron, it forms a substance called Terfenol-D. In a magnetic field, Terfenol-D has unique transformational abilities. Dysprosium is utilized in laser production together with vanadium, and it emits infrared radiation when used with cadmium.

The magnetic alloys of iron, boron, and neodymium lose their magnetic features beyond 300 degrees Celsius. However when this alloy is combined with dysprosium at a 5% ratio, that problem disappears. Therefore, these magnets are used for electric turbines and hard disc motors. Dysprosium also makes magnets in electric motors 95% lighter. And dysprosium and nickel mixed fillings are used as cooling rods in nuclear reactors.

The human mind becomes fascinated after seeing all the wisdom and properties involved in these lifeless elements. Either we conclude that these elements have doctorate degrees in physics and chemistry from Harvard University, or we may express our weakness and fascination in front of The Grand Creator who created and presented these elements for our benefit.

Is the yellow color in glasses from the planet Ceres?

Since Dell recalled four million laptop computers in 2006, because of a possible explosion caused by overheating battery, scientists' eyes have been focused on lanthanum and cerium. These two elements are considered to be safer than other alternatives. Lanthanum and cerium are used in electrical equipment and energy saving light bulbs, and are classified as critical elements in these processes, along with tellurium. Cerium, named after the planet Ceres, is responsible for the yellow coloration in glasses. Cerium is also used in polishes, ceramics, and petrol refineries. Tellurium is produced indirectly, unlike most other elements. The production of cadmium takes place during zinc production, and tellurium during copper refining. Tellurium is a cheaper element that has been used in combination with cadmium on solar cells since 2009; before then, most solar cells used expensive silicon panels.

Elements in our lives, from space rockets to ultrasound imaging

Hafnium, tantalum, erbium, and technetium are important elements, even though they are not listed critical. Even though hafnium and technetium are not rare-earth elements, they were still added to the critical material strategy document produced by the US Department of Energy. Hafnium is employed in space rockets for its resistance against extreme temperatures and wearing. Hafnium oxide is a valuable material for electronic transistors since it is a very effective electric insulator. It is 20% faster than the silicon oxide that is commonly used in transistors. A transistors length is around 65 nanometers when silicon oxide is used, but it is only 32 nanometers with transistors made of hafnium oxide. This 50% decrease enables smaller devices.

Touchscreens containing indium, laptop computers powered by lithium ion batteries, and cell phones with hafnium transistors are some of today's technological wonders. Would these inventions still be possible without these elements? Could we reach the high capacities in hard discs without the tantalum? Would we be able to protect ourselves from electric leakage in computers without high quality electric insulators such as tantalum oxide?

Radioactive technetium, which was discovered in 1937, is the first artificially produced element. The technetium 99 isotope is used in nuclear medicine. Technetium produced from uranium has a half life of 211,000 years, as opposed to the 6 hour half life of the technetium 99 isotope. The number of technetium based nuclear medicinal tests, like ultrasounds and x-ray imaging, is estimated to be above thirty million annually.

We take advantage of these elements in every stage of our lives, from medicine to technology. Could we become dependent upon elements the way we are upon petroleum? Only time will tell. Either these elements will be replaced by other materials, or other technologies will outdate the current technologies. It is also possible new elements will be discovered.

A majority of our modern technologies would not exist without these elements that were dispersed among the earth billions of years ago. These elements were placed here for our benefit, and so we could utilize them, and produce institutes of scientific research and education to study them.

[hellzyeahwebwieldingreviews]

Untold Tales of Spider-Man 04: Better Looting Through Modern Chemistry – by John Garcia and Pierce Askegren

Surprisingly pretty good!

Peter Parker is in line at the ChemCo chemical supply house on a Friday afternoon. A man who looks vaguely familiar is in front of him. The man orders two helium cartridges but the price has gone up and he only has enough money for one. The ChemCo clerk is unsympathetic, not accepting a check or any other form of payment but cash. The man is forced to only buy one cartridge. Peter is sympathetic but can do nothing to help. He is buying plastic polymer to make web fluid, since his supply is dangerously low. But the price of the polymer has also gone up and Peter doesn't have the money to pay for it.

Back at Empire State University, Peter literally runs into Gwen Stacy. Since this story takes place "a few weeks after Amazing Spider-Man #36, May 1966", Gwen is still in her ice-queen phase concerning Pete; disdainful but trying to draw him out. She invites him to join the gang at a demonstration by sports star Johnny "The Ray" Ramos. Pete wants to go but he has to get money for his web fluid. He goes to the Daily Bugle to ask J. Jonah Jameson for an advance. It seems that JJJ is stuck without a photographer for a reception he is holding to premiere a new Bugle section on emerging technologies. He tells Peter he can get an advance at 4:30 PM if he agrees to join Jonah to photograph the reception.

At 4:30, Norton G. Fester, the man Peter saw at ChemCo, enters the Neville K. Trelayne Memorial Mineral Museum, knocks out the guard and cracks open a meteor just like the one from which he got his super-strength. He inhales the gas within and gains extra strength which he shows off by tossing a motorcycle into a fuel tanker causing a massive explosion.

Pete shows up at 4:45 to pick up his check, having spent too long in a camera shop. He gets the cash and prepares to hurry to ChemCo, which closes at 5:30. But Aunt May calls the Bugle and he wastes time talking to her as she asks him to buy eggs so she can make cookies.

At 5:00 Fester, now in his Looter costume, destroys an electrical substation with his bare hands. At 5:35 Peter shows up at ChemCo only to be told by the clerk that he's too late and must wait until Monday. Peter briefly considers using his spider-powers to break in and steal the polymer but he knows he won't do that. Just then Sally Green shows up and asks if he'd walk with her to Chesney's "a local soda fountain". Peter agrees.

Meanwhile, the Looter continues his vandalism, smashing any fire hydrants he encounters and going into subway stations and tearing up the tracks. Peter ends up at the soda fountain with Sally having a grand time. But just as he is about to invite her to join him at the Bugle reception, Flash Thompson, Harry Osborn, and Gwen show up and ruin his timing. (Aren't they supposed to be at Johnny "Ray" Ramos' demonstration?) When he hears a news report over the soda jerk's radio announcing blackouts, disastrous traffic jams, and a major fire on the Upper East Side, Peter knows Spider-Man needs to investigate. He begs off, saying he must run an errand for his Aunt but Sally thinks he is running from Flash Thompson and she loses interest in him.

On his way Uptown, Spidey runs out of web fluid so he hitches a ride from a Newscopter. The Looter, soaring through the air on his built-in helium balloon watches him. Fester muses over the fact that he was released on bail after his loss to Spidey. Knowing that he will be convicted in his upcoming trial, he has devised a plan to steal enough money so that he can skip town. As Spidey deals with the burning fuel truck and the cops are busy with the other disasters, the Looter robs Cassidy's Fine Jewels. Coming upon the ruined power station, Spidey rescues the security guard who then tells him that the "costumed lunatic" who did this wore a "purple and white costume, had a backpack and a tool belt." Spidey recognizes that description. It also makes him realize who was in line in front of him at ChemCo. Then he remembers "a leaflet...casually tossed at him by J. Jonah Jameson" and he realizes where the Looter is going. (The leaflet was a list of exhibits apparently trucked in for the reception and one of them is... well, guess what?)

Sure enough, Fester crashes the Bugle reception. Having finished his crime spree, the Looter now prepares to breathe in the gas from yet another meteor, this one "nearly the size of a telephone booth." (How many of these dang meteors are there?!) Spider-Man shows up before Norton can puncture the meteor and he is forced to flee. Spidey gives chase and hangs on as Norton sails away on his balloon. Fester manages to knock Spidey off but the struggle puts a hole in the balloon. He lands and patches the balloon but in the meantime, Spidey has rescued himself as well. But Norton gets to his car (somehow) where all his loot is. Trouble is the word has gone out and the authorities are watching all of the routes off of Manhattan Island. Fester knows his only chance is to get the balloon up and running again so he goes back to ChemCo to steal a helium canister. But Spidey has deduced this and, hitching a ride with the news chopper again, gets there a head of Fester. He grabs a polymer compound and a "reagent jug with attached hose" which he combines and sprays on the Looter's feet, anchoring him to the floor. "It's not webbing, but it'll have to do" says Spidey.

Of course, Spidey takes pictures of the Looter's defeat and he hopes this will be enough to mollify JJJ for his no-show at the reception. He also grabs the bottle of liquid polymer he needs for webbing and puts the money on the counter. Tonight he's going to make some more webbing but first he has a long walk home. He wonders where he can stop to buy some eggs for Aunt May. Then it starts raining on him. "Some days, it just didn't pay to get out of bed."

I was pleasantly surprised by this tale.

The Looter is at best a C-list Spidey villain at that. Most people forget he exists and the people who do probably forget Ditko himself created him.

The fact is aside from a kind of cool mask he’s just not all that great of a bad guy which is why the people who do actually like him tend to gravitate towards the more comedic style stories with him, perhaps the classic examples being those found in the Dezago/Wieringo Sensational Spidey run.

Indeed it is one of the weaknesses of this issue that it takes the Looter rather too seriously, especially when we consider that the latter mentioned run was actually fairly recent at the time of this book’s publication.

It’s not that the Looter is bad exactly, but you do raise an eyebrow over a Spider-Man villain who literally travels via balloon. I feel like the author actually took Looter more seriously than maybe any writer before or since (including perhaps Ditko himself) because he actually puts effort into emphasizing the Looter’s smarts in regards to his equipment along with how dangerous fighting a super strong opponent can be. He’s a loser villain to Spidey, but to a civilian he’s actually quite intimidating.

I actually can’t recall off the top of my head if his motivation in this story really lines up with established canon. A lot of what he does here is basically get super strength from chemicals in meteors, his ultimate target being one from Wakanda (although weirdly vibranium is never mentioned). Again, I might be forgetting this but I could’ve sworn that’s not how his powers work. IIRC he did indeed gain super strength from the gasses of a meteor but it was a one time deal and permanent. He doesn’t need to constantly top up his power from other meteors and nor could he as they wouldn’t necessarily have the same chemicals anyway.

As for the story over all this was perhaps the best story thus far to capture the approach that the comic book UToSM took back in the day. This is rather ironic considering this is also the first story that takes place after high school which the comic series never got around to.

The comic book series rooted itself in the Ditko run and then delicately modernized the dialogue and over all writing style. I say delicately because it still felt a lot like the 1960s stuff there was just a bit more polish to the pacing, dialogue and plotting.

Whilst the second story by DeFalco sort of did that too, it was ultimately a lot heavier and a lot more emotionally engaging than Ditko/Lee’s stuff used to be. That isn’t to say it was bad or that Ditko/Lee’s stuff was bad, it’s just a matter of style. Busiek and Garcia/Askegren Garcia/Askegren’s stories’ though feel like they could be read inbetween the Ditko era material and feel fairly cohesive (obviously if this story was drawn).

Moreover this story not only feels tonally like a Busiek comic story but the plot itself could absolutely have been an issue of UToSM had the series ever hit college.

That’s it’s strength and it’s weakness though.

It is it’s weakness because just like a comic book story there is a fair chunk of action, more as the story unfolds in fact. And as I’ve said before prose is not ideally suited for comic book super hero action. This one was better  than the last story by leagues and the action wasn’t hard to follow, but I did drift off a bit during it I must admit.

Furthermore nothing really significant happens in Peter’s life in this story. Obviously I’m not expecting a tale where he gets married or something, but DeFalco’s story for example was impactful. This one isn’t, but in a way that is appropriate.

The nature of untold tales is such that you tread a fine line between doing something dramatic, but not too dramatic because readers would wonder why Spidey never brought this event up in earlier stories?

This story is perhaps the most effective one yet in this regard. It’s a fairly standard day in the life story for Peter Parker at a certain point in his life. Its nothing special but it’s good fun. A dash of normal life soap operatics mixed in with super hero action makes for a perfectly serviceable Spidey yarn.

And were this a comic I feel it would’ve been appreciated amidst the turmoil of the Clone Saga and post-Clone Saga era. Something short, simple and sweet.

However there is a little bit more to the story than that.

I feel that this story pretty much confirms a theory that’s been brewing in me about this book. Each story is in some way a representation of an aspect of Spidey lore. The first was about Spidey’s place amidst the wider Marvel universe and the uneasy relationship he has with fellow heroes. The second was about Peter’s sense of responsibility. The third was about his sibling rivalry dynamic with the Torch. And this one seems to be about the Parker Luck as almost everything that can go wrong does go wrong for Pete in this tale.*

However it isn’t overwrought or Satanically cruel like far too many attempts at depicting the Parker Luck are. The bad luck is indeed bad, but it’s reserved. It’s stuff like being in the wrong place at the wrong time or the clouds opening up when you really don’t need it.

The underlying element of bad luck is Spider-Man’s lack of web-fluid.

Obviously there are plenty of stories where Spidey runs out of webbing, but there actually aren’t a whole load where he is totally devoid of them. And this yarn is perhaps the first (and only) that practically makes that the central conceit of the story.

It’s interesting because it blends together Peter’s scientific intellect with his everyman status. He’s smart enough to make the webbing (and we learn a little bit of what goes into that process) but he still needs to pick up the raw materials from the store like everyone else would and if he’s cash strapped he ain’t swinging anywhere. Brilliantly Garcia/Askegren reflects this situation with the Looter as he too is a scientist and requires chemicals to fuel his super powered activities. Garcia/Askegren bookeneds this by having Peter and Fester literally in the same line to purchase their respective chemicals and then those same chemicals proving vital plot points in the climax.

For Fester, the loss of his helium grounds him and for Spidey he essentially improvises unrefined web fluid to subdue the Looter when all is said and done.**

Between the opening and ending of the story though, Spidey’s lack of webbing puts him on the backfoot as he can’t even travel easily from place to place. In fact Garcia/Askegren uses this fact for another plot point as Spidey hitches a ride with a news copter and this winds up scooping Jameson. The whole situation is an eloquent way of evening the odds between the Spidey and a villain who typically wouldn’t be in Spidey’s league.

The central plot just all clicks together, it all works neatly. Sometimes you don’t need a story to kick ass like DeFalco’s did, you can just enjoy it ticking along properly.

That being said the subplot is where the tale really shines. It’s tiny, practically cuttable, but it’s beautiful in it’s own way.

I am of course referring to the stuff involving Gwen and Sally Green.

The fanboy in me simply loves the fact that Garcia/Askegren like a mad man pulled one of the single most obscure characters in Spider-Man history out of the woodwork at all. This is a character who last I checked had her first and final appearance in ASM #36 and was never even mentioned again; in fact this whole issue is something of a sequel to ASM #36. The choice of using her at all then is rather clever as she’s mostly a blank slate and Garcia/Askegren doesn’t have to worry too much about what he does with her because it won’t fuck up canon.

What amazes me is that Garcia/Askegren doesn’t contradict Sally’s established personality, even though she was in just ONE issue! Her involvement in the story amounts to her bumping into Peter by chance and taking a second stab at flirting with him, which goes sort of more successfully. In ASM #36 she was sincerely interested in him and invited him to hang out because of that. But when she complimented him on his intellect in comparison to the ‘brawny athletic types’ Peter lost interest, he didn’t want to be viewed as just an egghead. Chalk it up to years of bullying or dodgy silver age writing, the point is Peter rebuffed her and Sally walked away with a negative view of Peter. Kudos to her I suppose because she tried again. Garcia/Askegren seem to have noticed the weirdness in Peter’s rejection of Sally and opted to lightly explain it away as a result of Peter’s bullying and rejection in his younger days.

Their depiction of Sally’s interest in Peter (she genuinely seems to find his brains attractive) and their brief romantic encounter is short and subtely sweet. It believably captures the innocence of youthful romance. Of course the Parker luck intervenes and the moment is ruined. Even if you were to argue that this is a cliché within Spider-Man, I still found the moment wonderfully realistic. How many in times in life have any of us been with someone, liked them, the chemistry is working and then the moment is gone and not to be recovered.

Don’t get it twisted. I’m not here to suggest to you Peter and Sally had a Miracle Romance brewing or that she was the greatest Spider-Man love interest we never had. I’m just saying this story, however briefly, captured a realistic slice of life in regards to romance. And Spider-Man is after all intended to be a reflection of real life.

Gwen is also handled interestingly here. She isn’t as over the top and basically a bully the way she was often in Ditko’s run. But she is still a harder edged Gwen Stacy who’s neither Spidey’s Virgin princess martyr nor the weeping Silver Age girlfriend she’d be later. She isn’t even the fairly bland MJ-rip-off of Romita’s early run. She’s a young woman who’s attracted to Peter and frustrated that he doesn’t reciprocate that attraction in spite of the opportunities presented to him. And yet she can tell there is something there so his lack of reciprocation is something she can’t figure out but wants to, which just compounds her frustrations. Immaturely she deals with that frustration by kind of punching down on Peter.

The scene where she and Sally are in the room together are gloriously soap opera laden but doesn’t over stay it’s welcome or become trashy. There is just a lot of passive aggressive energy in the air.

Even DeSantos’ ill suited narration and performance doesn’t do much to damper this moment or the story in general.

Over all I really, really liked this one and would both check it out again and recommend others to read/listen to it too!

*I think this idea of touching upon broad tentpoles of Spidey lore in a chronological way (the first story being set in the early High school era, the second more towards the middle, the third towards the back end and this one in the early college days) is more the remit for the book over all. It’s not really supposed to perfectly fit in with actual canon more a sort of generalized IDEA of Spider-Man canon.

**That scene also has a great Spidey line wherein he says he needed to think like the Looter and struggled when it came to thinking like an idiot.

[jagnetwork]

Generally speaking, when people think of buy helium miner, they think of high-end computer gear such as graphics cards since that is how Ethereum and Bitcoin operate.

[stahlop]

Once Upon a Time 1x14 “Dreamy” Review

Reviews 1x01 1x02 1x03 1x04 1x05 1x06  1x07 1x08 1x09 1x10 1x11 1x12 1x13

I’m going to straight up be honest with everyone and tell you all that I really don’t like this episode. It had potential because Amy Acker was in it (Nova/Astrid) and I loved her as Fred from Angel, but this episode was not only horrible, but it changed up previous canon about Grumpy and dwarves in general and I just didn’t like it at all.

Summary: The annual Miner’s Day Festival is coming up. Mary Margaret and Leroy attempt to get people to buy candles so the nuns don’t lose their convent, but no one wants to buy anything from the town harlot and town drunk. In the EF, a newly born dwarf falls for a clumsy fairy.

Opening: The seven dwarves.

New Characters:

Dreamy (Grumpy)/Leroy: Oh, boy! Where to even start with this. Dwarves are apparently hatched from eggs and the ones all born from the same clutch are considered brothers who live and work together. And when they are given their axes it determines their names (which can change over time). The dwarf we’ve known as Grumpy in previous episodes hatches early due to some fairy dust that managed to only fall onto his egg, and he apparently had a vision of the fairy that dusted his egg, and because of this, the axe names him Dreamy, because his head seems to be in the clouds. A year later, Dreamy meets Nova, when she’s having trouble collecting her fairy dust and then almost loses it. Dreamy plays hero and saves it. Nova tells him her dream of becoming a fairy godmother and he tells ‘you can do anything as long as you can dream it.’ They embark on a very timid romance, as dwarves don’t fall in love (as we’re told repeatedly), and fairies aren’t supposed to fall in love either. Dreamy has to have the fact that he’s in love told to him by Belle, who just happens to be stopping by the tavern he and his brothers frequent. Belle also has to spell out to Dreamy that Nova wanted him to come see the fireflies with her, and wasn’t just talking about her love for them. Dreamy rushes to see Nova and he talks about getting a boat to see the world. Once the fireflies appear, Nova kissed Dreamy and they make plans to run off together. I’m sure that would work out well. Stealthy (aw, Stealthy) catches Dreamy trying to leave and wakes up their brothers. They don’t understand why he’s leaving, because dwarves can’t fall in love. Blue Fairy comes to visit and basically guilts Dreamy into breaking up with Nova by saying she’s ruining her potential if she runs off with him. When Dreamy meets up with Nova she has found a boat for them but Dreamy tells her it’s not love, just a dream. Nova is pleading with him, telling him she loves him. Dreamy tells her dwarves can’t love. That was way harsh, Dreamy. He then goes to the mines and breaks his axe with his angst. He gets a new axe that now names him Grumpy.

Leroy, meanwhile, is the town grump and drunk. Mary Margaret tries to get him to help her sell candles for the nuns, but he says the town hates the two of them so there’s no use trying. But his heart is warmed when he meets Astrid the nun, after she accidently dusts him with glitter. He gets her fairy lights running (not a euphemism). He tells her he’s always wanted to sail, she tells him ‘you can do anything as long as you can dream it.’ It seems to be love at first sight for Leroy, and Astrid seems pretty smitten, considering she thinks she’s a nun. So Leroy volunteers to help sell candles after he hears Mother Superior tell Astrid she spent their whole budget on helium and now the nuns won’t be able to pay rent. If the convent closes it will be closed and they will be reassigned, and then Leroy would never get to see Astrid again. Leroy pledges to sell all $5000 worth of candles. But of course, no one wants to buy candles from Leroy or Mary Margaret. They attempt to sell door to door (Leroy says maybe people will buy candles just to make them go away), but still no one is buying. If this is such a ‘tradition’, should it matter who is selling the candle? Would the townspeople really be so petty about Mary Margaret and Leroy that they wouldn’t help out the nuns? Leroy, so smitten with Astrid, lies and tells her that he sold all the candles. Mary Margaret is furious, but then realizes that Leroy likes Astrid. She comments on how he couldn’t have picked someone less available. He retorts about her going after a married guy (to be fair, the married guy did leave his wife eventually, it’s doubtful the nun will leave her devotion to God). Leroy vows to get the money. He attempts to sell his boat to Gold (well, says he can have the boat as long as he puts what he would pay him towards the nuns rent),but Gold hates the nuns so he won’t help Leroy out. Astrid comes by with a pie and discovers all the candles on Leroy’s boat. He goes to drink with Mary Margaret who reminds him he can’t have a relationship with a nun. Leroy tells her that Astrid was the first person to ever believe in him. He just wanted a good memory with Astrid and drinking won’t help the pain, only one thing will. It looks as though Leroy is going to jump off the roof but he tells Mary Margaret he would never do that because he might hurt someone. He finds a convenient axe and hits the transformer, effectively cutting the lights in the town and making everyone have to buy candles.

So we basically have two sides of the coin with Dreamy (Grumpy)/Leroy and Nova/Astrid. Dreamy cannot ‘love’ because he is a dwarf and they cannot love and Astrid is a nun so she cannot love.

Nova/Astrid: Nova is a clumsy fairy who dreams of becoming a fairy godmother. She is tasked with bringing the year’s supply of fairy dust to the Blue Fairy. Considering how accident prone she is, I find this an odd task for her, but okay. Blue let’s her know that she’ll get to do it on her own next year and Nova is disappointed because she was hoping to be a fairy godmother. And then Blue laughs right in her face. I mean, I know Nova isn’t the best fairy around, but that’s rude Blue. And then Blue calls Nova a dreamer, which makes it all the more fortuitous that she not only accidently creates Dreamy, but later falls for him. When Nova meets Dreamy a year later he helps her when she almost makes a mess with the fairy dust and then when it almost goes into the incinerator because of her clumsiness. Look, I get being adorkable, that’s how Amy Acker’s character was on Angel, but she is really over the top here. No other fairy that we’ve met is like this. They seem to be all business, and yet here is Nova who doesn’t seem to have a clue. I get why Dreamy likes her, because they are very similar, and he’s never seen a girl before, except in his dreams, but their relationship makes very little sense. Nova tells Dreamy about the fireflies, but he doesn’t get that she’s inviting him to come with her to see them. So, of course she’s thrilled when he does show up. Nova is sad looking over the town where the fireflies will be because she wants to be part of the world and not over it. Dreamy is in the same situation but under the world in the mines. So that means they should run away together. Nova says she’ll meet him after she delivers the fairy dust. And somehow Blue finds out about all this which ends with Nova getting her heart broken because Dreamy says he can never love her since dwarves can’t fall in love. Amy Acker was excellent in this part. She finally gets to live in the world by falling in love and her heart gets broken because of it. Poor Nova.

All the fairies have become nuns in Storybrooke. Interesting route to go there. I guess it makes sense because the fairies would have had their own community and they curse needed for them to all stick together. Astrid is one of the nuns, who is just as accident prone and clueless as Nova was and also seems to have a soft spot for Leroy after he gets the fairy lights working. She tells him he can do anything. She has inadvertently ordered too much helium for the Miner’s Day Festival and depleted their budget so now they can’t pay rent. By the end, Leroy has gotten the money and Astrid is happy and it looks like we’ll have a good friendship going until the curse breaks. Maybe she’ll be able to forgive him for breaking her heart then.

Character Observations:

Mary Margaret: Okay, I get that she had an affair with David and essentially broke up their sham of a marriage, but Mary Margaret has been nothing but an upstanding citizen of Storybrooke for as long as anyone can remember. Would the denizens of Storybrooke really turn on her that easily. And why is no one mad at David for his part of the affair? Stupid double standards. So Mary Margaret is trying to find volunteers for the Miner’s Day Festival because half her volunteers quit due to her affair. What? Would people really quit volunteering due to the volunteer coordinator having an affair? Is this what it’s like living in a small town where everyone knows your business? This whole thing is insane. She made a mistake getting involved with a married man, but he did leave his wife so as to not continue the affair, so give them both some credit. Argh! Leroy calls Mary Margaret the Town Harlot. Seriously? With the way Ruby dresses, Mary Margaret is the Town Harlot? With the way Whale flirts with anyone on two legs, Mary Margaret is the Town Harlot? Give me a break. So Mary Margaret is basically trying to get these candles sold and the only one in town who will help her is Leroy, who is also despised because he is the town drunk. Very judgy, this town. In the end, the town has to buy candles from them, despite the fact that Leroy kind of forced them to because he cut the power. And since they sell out, Granny lights Mary Margaret’s candle as a way of making amends for judging her last week and it seems the rest of the town forgives her too. And all is right with Mary Margaret again.

Blue Fairy: I don’t really have much to say about her except that she is a terrible leader. She laughs at Nova when she expresses interest in becoming a fairy godmother. And she later tells Dreamy to break things off with Nova because he’s limiting her at becoming something great. How about Nova makes up her own mind about what she wants to do with her life?

Emma: She is looking into Kathryn’s disappearance. Her theory of Kathryn’s car breaking down and hitching a ride to Boston or a bus station is nixxed when Kathryn’s suitcase is still in the trunk of the car. She believes David is innocent of any foul play because of her superpower, but she begins to doubt him when she sees the phone records Sidney brings her. She eventually has to bring David in for questioning and puts him in the back of the sheriff’s car in front of the whole town.

David: Seems to be oblivious to anything going on with Kathryn. Swears they haven’t talked since she left and is surprised when she is deemed missing and he could possibly be a suspect. Dumb, dumb David.

Belle: We get a glimpse of her at the tavern Dreamy is drinking at. She basically tells him that what he’s feeling toward Nova is love and to hold onto it. She says it’s the most wonderful and amazing thing, it’s hope, it fuels our dreams. And that it doesn’t last forever. This is obviously not too long after she left Rumplestiltskin’s but before she returns home or Regina gets her (still not sure which one happens, only that Belle is captive in SB).

Questions:

Why is Kathryn starting law school in February or March? It was Valentine’s Day a few episodes ago so we know it’s around this time, plus the cool weather (even though it looks like fall and not winter). Wouldn’t law school either start in September or January?

Why does Gold (Rumplestiltskin) hate the nuns (fairies) so much?

Why is Emma still believing everything Sidney tells her after the whole playground debacle? 

How did Blue know about Dreamy and Nova’s plans? Is she all knowing? Nova never said anything to her that we know of.

Did Regina doctor the phone records to make it look like he and Kathryn had that 8 minute phone conversation?

Why did Emma have to bring David to the station in her car? Could he not have come in on his own accord?

What happened to Grumpy’s story about being in love with a woman who looked like a fairy but left him and he ended up in jail for buying a stolen diamond in 7:15 AM? This episode doesn’t jive with that story and Grumpy doesn’t seem the type to make up a story for sympathy.

Observations:

Dwarves are hatched from eggs, fully clothed and with a full beard.

Dwarves don’t fall in love.

The pick axe determines the dwarves name.

It looks like Belle has just been let go by Rumplestiltskin at this point and is drowning her sorrows about him choosing his power over her at the tavern.

All the fairies are nuns.

The couple Mary Margaret and Leroy try to sell candles to are reminiscent of the nursery rhyme ‘Jack Sprat could eat no fat, his wife could eat no lean’

Once Upon a Time Firsts:

Gold/Rumplestiltskin’s hatred of the nuns/fairies

Names:

Nova means new.

Astrid means beautiful and beloved.

I did not like this episode. The whole Dreamy/Nova storyline was very convoluted and the treatment of Mary Margaret just made me very angry.

Please leave comments and reblog!

@searchingwardrobes @thisonesatellite @justbecauseyoubelievesomething @laschatzi @profdanglaisstuff @mariakov81

[earthstory]

Helium Ballooning out of Yellowstone!

Helium may be the second most abundant element in the universe (~24% of the mass of the universe!), but on Earth it’s extraordinarily rare (~ 8 parts per billion within the earth’s crust). Helium in our Earth is a product of the radioactive decay of minerals that contain uranium and thorium, mostly found in magmatic rocks of the deep crust. Helium tends to collect as other gasses collect: the helium we buy to blow up balloons is a by-product of natural gas production, some of which contains ~ 8% helium.

So, what a wonderful miracle that suddenly a new source of helium has been discovered: the gasses of Yellowstone National Park’s geysers, hot springs and pools of bubbling muds and sulfurous waters – contain a huge amount of helium. Enough, so NPR reports, to fill a Goodyear blimp every week.

The availability of the helium doesn’t mean that suddenly a lot of radioactive minerals below Yellowstone are working overtime to decay. The helium of Yellowstone has a high He3/He4 ratio, interpreted to mean that it has a source in the deep mantle. However, new research reported from the USGS demonstrates that the amount of helium in Yellowstone requires it to have accumulated in the subsurface there since Archean times – that is, more than 2.5 billion years ago. Since then, the subsurface appears to have been rather quiet, and helium simply did not escape. Why there is so much helium now is because of the recent (well, let’s say over the past two million years) metamorphism and deformation of the crustal rocks below Yellowstone induced by movement of the old crust over the super-volcano hotspot. Given all the activity of hydrothermal and volcanic gasses of Yellowstone, the helium is now finding an easy conduit for escape.

For plenty of other reasons, one shouldn’t inhale the hot, sometimes poisonous gasses exuding from Yellowstone’s hot springs and geysers: but if you did (and survived), you might end up squeaking…

Annie R

Photo: M. Melford, courtesy National Geographic.

http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/02/18/279246118/if-yellowstone-could-talk-it-might-squeak-blame-the-helium http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v506/n7488/full/nature12992.html http://www.universetoday.com/75719/where-is-helium-found/ http://www.chemicool.com/elements/helium.html

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