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[whatisonthemoon]

Hitler’s Shadow Reaches toward Today

https://consortiumnews.com/2014/05/14/hitlers-shadow-reaches-toward-today-2/

From the Archive: The key role of neo-Nazis in Ukraine’s U.S.-backed coup is denied by the mainstream U.S. press, which can’t believe the U.S. government would collaborate with such unsavory characters, but that isn’t the real history, as Robert Parry reported in 2010.

By Robert Parry (Originally published on Dec. 17, 2010)

The U.S. government protected Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie in the years after World War II and later unleashed the infamous Butcher of Lyon on South America by aiding his escape from French war-crimes prosecutors, according to a report issued by the National Archives in 2010.

The report, entitled “Hitler’s Shadow,” concentrates on the decisions by the U.S. Army’s Counterintelligence Corps to use Barbie and other ex-Nazis for early Cold War operations, but other work by investigative journalists and government investigators has shown how Barbie’s continued allegiance to Nazi ideology contributed to the spread of right-wing extremism in Latin America.

▲ Nazi SS officer Klaus Barbie.

With his skills as an intelligence operative and his expertise in state terror, Barbie helped shape the particularly vicious style of anti-communism that dominated South America for most of the Cold War. He also played a role in building a conduit for drug proceeds to fund right-wing paramilitary operations, including Ronald Reagan’s beloved Nicaraguan Contra rebels.

In 1980, Barbie used his perch in Bolivian intelligence to organize an alliance of military leaders and cocaine barons to overthrow Bolivia’s democratically elected leftist government in a bloody coup. Though fitting with Washington’s distrust of left-wing populist governments in South America, the so-called Cocaine Coup had other long-term consequences for the United States.

Bolivia’s coup regime ensured a reliable flow of coca to Colombia’s Medellin cartel, which quickly grew into a sophisticated conglomerate for smuggling cocaine into the United States. Some of those drug profits then went to finance right-wing paramilitary operations, including the CIA-backed Contras, according to other U.S. government investigations.

Barbie reportedly collaborated, too, with representatives of Rev. Sun Myung Moon’s Unification Church as they worked with Bolivia’s Cocaine Coup regime to organize anti-communist operations in South America. By then, the region had become a center for Moon’s global money-laundering operations. In 1982, Moon began pouring hundreds of millions of his mysterious dollars into the right-wing Washington Times newspaper to influence U.S. politics.

Eventually, as Bolivia’s corrupt Cocaine Coup government crumbled and Barbie’s identity became well known, French authorities finally secured Barbie’s return to France to face a war-crimes trial in 1983. (He died in 1991.)

The Butcher of Lyon’s role in these South American anti-communist activities caused brief embarrassment for Moon’s church and some right-wing Americans. But the Nazi collaboration didn’t draw much attention from the U.S. news media, which was already shying away from critical reporting on the Reagan administration’s unsavory alliances in Central and South America.

A Long Continuum

Indeed, the Right’s growing dominance of Washington opinion circles can be viewed as a continuum dating back to those days right after World War II, when U.S. priorities switched quickly from prosecuting Axis war criminals to seeking their help in crushing leftist political influence in Western Europe and Asia.

Suddenly, U.S. intelligence agencies were freeing Nazi and Japanese war criminals from prison and exploiting their talents to neutralize labor unions, student groups and other left-wing organizations.

Though the National Archives report deals with ex-Nazis in Europe, a similar program was underway in Japan where war criminals such as right-wing yakuza gangsters Yoshio Kodama and Ryoichi Sasakawa were freed and allowed to become important political figures in Japan and later internationally by supporting a global crusade against communism.

In the 1960s, Kodama and Sasakawa joined with Rev. Moon and two right-wing dictators, Taiwan’s Chiang Kai-shek and South Korea’s Park Chung Hee, to create the World Anti-Communist League (WACL), which also brought in right-wing leaders from Latin America and Europe, including ex-Nazis and neo-Nazis, according to authors Scott and Jon Lee Anderson in their landmark 1986 book, Inside the League.

So, with the Cocaine Coup in 1980, Barbie not only closed the circle, bringing together death-squad commanders, ex-Nazis, neo-Nazis and various sociopaths from around the globe, but he helped ensure that drug proceeds would be available to fund right-wing causes in the future.

“Hitler’s Shadow,” in effect, tells the first chapter of this right-wing restoration as U.S. intelligence agencies turned to former Nazi officials and SS officers to counter the perceived greater threat from the Soviet Union and Communist groups in Europe.

“Gestapo officers, who also held ranks in the SS, were in the U.S. Army Counterintelligence Corps’s automatic arrest category after the war,” the report said. “Later, CIC used former Gestapo officers to garner useful intelligence for the postwar period on everything from German right-wing movements to underground communist organizations. Intelligence officers often overlooked the significant role Gestapo officers played in the murder of Jews, POWs, and the political enemies of the Nazis.”

The report notes that “approximately 1,200 newly released files relate to the penetration of German Communist activities and specifically to ‘Project Happiness,’ the CIC’s codename for counterintelligence operations against the KPD,” the German Communist Party.

Though Barbie notorious for personally torturing French partisans during the war may be the best known ex-Gestapo officer recruited by the CIC, others had similar histories.

For instance, Anton Mahler was the chief interrogator of Hans Scholl, a leader of the White Rose, a Munich-based student organization that secretly passed out leaflets urging Adolf Hitler’s overthrow and decrying German apathy in the face of Hitler’s crimes. Hans and his sister Sophie Scholl were convicted of high treason and beheaded in February 1943.

Mahler also served in Einsatzgruppe B in occupied Belarus as the group slaughtered more than 45,000 people, most of them Jews, the report said. Nevertheless, CIC deployed Mahler as an informant starting in February 1949 and soon made him a full-time employee.

Regarding Barbie, the report builds on a 1983 investigation by a Justice Department investigator who confirmed suspicions that U.S. intelligence had worked with and protected this hunted war criminal who was accused of executing 4,000 people and shipping 7,000 Jews to concentration camps.

“In the spring of 1947 a CIC agent named Robert S. Taylor from CIC Region IV (Munich) recruited Klaus Barbie, the one-time Gestapo Chief of Lyon (194244),” the new report said. “Barbie helped run a counterintelligence net named ‘Büro Petersen’ which monitored French intelligence.

“In 1948 Barbie helped the CIC locate former Gestapo informants. In 194950, he penetrated German Communist Party (KPD) activities in CIC Region XII (Augsburg). He continued to work for the CIC in return for protection against French war crimes charges.”

Ratline to Bolivia

The story of Barbie’s escape to South America with the CIC’s collaboration was addressed in the 1983 report by Allan A. Ryan Jr., head of the Justice Department’s Nazi-hunting Office of Special Investigations. Ryan’s 218-page report said that in 1951, the CIC helped Barbie evade French authorities and flee over a “ratline” to Bolivia.

Ryan said that a half dozen CIC officers participated in the cover-up of Barbie’s identity and excused their actions by claiming that the French arrest of Barbie could jeopardize the security of other CIC operations. To get Barbie to Bolivia, the CIC officers used a ratline run by a Croatian priest, Father Krunoslav Draganovich, Ryan wrote.

Ryan said the Central Intelligence Agency later rebuffed suggestions that Barbie be reactivated in the 1960s, but Barbie using the name Altmann held an official position with a state-owned shipping company that allowed him to move freely and even to travel to the United States. [For more on Ryan’s report, see Time magainzse, Time magazine, Aug. 29, 1983]

More significantly, Barbie became a figure in Bolivian intelligence and used that perch to coordinate with other right-wing intelligence services around the continent that were engaged in Operation Condor, a program of assassinating suspected subversives and other dissidents.

In the 1970s, these intelligence agencies had teamed up to give their assassination squads regional and even global reach, including the murder of Chilean diplomat Orlando Letelier and an American co-worker on the streets of Washington in 1976.

For the Cocaine Coup in 1980, Barbie recruited Argentina’s feared intelligence service along with young neo-Nazis from Europe. The World Anti-Communist League arranged support from Moon and other Asian rightists.

For years, Moon had been sinking down roots in South America, especially in Uruguay after right-wing military dictators seized power there in 1973. Moon also cultivated close ties with dictators in Argentina, Paraguay and Chile, reportedly ingratiating himself with the juntas by helping the regimes buy weapons and by channeling money to allied right-wing organizations.

“Relationships nurtured with right-wing Latin Americans in the [World Anti-Communist] League led to acceptance of the [Unification] Church’s political and propaganda operations throughout Latin America,” the Andersons wrote in Inside the League.

“As an international money laundry, the Church tapped into the capital flight havens of Latin America. Escaping the scrutiny of American and European investigators, the Church could now funnel money into banks in Honduras, Uruguay and Brazil, where official oversight was lax or nonexistent.”

Moon expanded his network of friends when Barbie helped pull together a right-wing alliance of Bolivian military officers and drug dealers for the Cocaine Coup. WACL associates, such as Alfredo Candia, coordinated the arrival of some of the paramilitary operatives from Argentina and Europe who would help out in the violent putsch.

Barbie, then better known as Altmann, was in charge of drawing up plans for the coup and coordinating with Argentine intelligence. One of the first Argentine intelligence officers to arrive was Lt. Alfred Mario Mingolla.

“Before our departure, we received a dossier on” Barbie, Mingolla later told German investigative reporter Kai Hermann. “There it stated that he was of great use to Argentina because he played an important role in all of Latin America in the fight against communism. From the dossier, it was also clear that Altmann worked for the Americans.”

The Cocaine Motive

As the coup took shape, Bolivian Col. Luis Arce-Gomez, the cousin of cocaine kingpin Roberto Suarez, also brought onboard neo-fascist terrorists such as Italian Stefano della Chiaie who had been working with the Argentine death squads. [See Cocaine Politics by Peter Dale Scott and Jonathan Marshall]

Still a committed fascist, Barbie started a secret lodge, called Thule. During meetings, he lectured to his followers underneath swastikas by candlelight.

On June 17, 1980, in nearly public planning for the coup, six of Bolivia’s biggest traffickers met with the military conspirators to hammer out a financial deal for future protection of the cocaine trade. A La Paz businessman said the coming putsch should be called the “Cocaine Coup,” a name that would stick. [See Cocaine Politics]

Less than three weeks later, on July 6 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, U.S. undercover drug enforcement agent Michael Levine said he met with a Bolivian trafficker named Hugo Hurtado-Candia. Over drinks, Hurtado outlined plans for the “new government” in which his niece Sonia Atala, a major cocaine supplier, will “be in a very strong position.” [See Levine’s Big White Lie]

On July 17, the Cocaine Coup began, spearheaded by Barbie and his neo-fascist goon squad which was dubbed the “Fiancés of Death.”

“The masked thugs were not Bolivians; they spoke Spanish with German, French and Italian accents,” Levine wrote. “Their uniforms bore neither national identification nor any markings, although many of them wore Nazi swastika armbands and insignias.”

The slaughter was fierce. When the putschists stormed the national labor headquarters, they wounded labor leader Marcelo Quiroga, who had led the effort to indict former military dictator Hugo Banzer on drug and corruption charges. Quiroga “was dragged off to police headquarters to be the object of a game played by some of the torture experts imported from Argentina’s dreaded Mechanic School of the Navy,” Levine wrote.

“These experts applied their ‘science’ to Quiroga as a lesson to the Bolivians, who were a little backward in such matters. They kept Quiroga alive and suffering for hours. His castrated, tortured body was found days later in a place called ‘The valley of the Moon’ in southern La Paz.”

To DEA agent Levine back in Buenos Aires, it was soon clear “that the primary goal of the revolution was the protection and control of Bolivia’s cocaine industry. All major drug traffickers in prison were released, after which they joined the neo-Nazis in their rampage.

“Government buildings were invaded and trafficker files were either carried off or burned. Government employees were tortured and shot, the women tied and repeatedly raped by the paramilitaries and the freed traffickers.”

The fascists celebrated with swastikas and shouts of “Heil Hitler!” Hermann reported. Col. Arce-Gomez, a central-casting image of a bemedaled, pot-bellied Latin dictator, grabbed broad powers as Interior Minister. Gen. Luis Garcia Meza was installed as Bolivia’s new president.

The victory put into power a right-wing military dictatorship indebted to the drug lords. Bolivia became South America’s first narco-state.

Moon’s Throne

One of the first well-wishers arriving in La Paz to congratulate the new government was Moon’s top lieutenant (and former KCIA officer) Bo Hi Pak. The Moon organization published a photo of Pak meeting with the new strongman, General Garcia Meza. After the visit to the mountainous capital, Pak declared, “I have erected a throne for Father Moon in the world’s highest city.”

According to later Bolivian government and newspaper reports, a Moon representative invested about $4 million in preparations for the coup. Bolivia’s WACL representatives also played key roles, and CAUSA, one of Moon’s anti-communist organizations, listed as members nearly all the leading Bolivian coup-makers.

Soon, Colonel Luis Arce-Gomez, a coup organizer and the cousin of cocaine kingpin Roberto Suarez, went into partnership with big narco-traffickers, including Cuban-American smugglers based in Miami. Nazi war criminal Barbie and his young neo-fascist followers found new work protecting Bolivia’s major cocaine barons and transporting drugs to the Colombian border.

“The paramilitary units conceived by Barbie as a new type of SS sold themselves to the cocaine barons,” German journalist Hermann wrote. “The attraction of fast money in the cocaine trade was stronger than the idea of a national socialist revolution in Latin America.”

A month after the Cocaine Coup, General Garcia Meza participated in the Fourth Congress of the Latin American Anti-Communist Confederation, an arm of the World Anti-Communist League. Also attending that Fourth Congress was WACL president Woo Jae Sung, a leading Moon disciple.

As the drug lords consolidated their power in Bolivia, the Moon organization expanded its presence, too. Hermann reported that in early 1981, war criminal Barbie and Moon leader Thomas Ward were seen together in apparent prayer.

On May 31, 1981, Moon representatives sponsored a CAUSA reception at the Sheraton Hotel’s Hall of Freedom in La Paz. Moon’s lieutenant Bo Hi Pak and Bolivian strongman Garcia Meza led a prayer for President Ronald Reagan’s recovery from an assassination attempt.

In his speech, Bo Hi Pak declared, “God had chosen the Bolivian people in the heart of South America as the ones to conquer communism.”

Flush with Cash

In the early 1980s, cocaine kingpin Suarez his coffers now overflowing with cash invested more than $30 million in various right-wing paramilitary operations, including the Contra forces in Central America, according to U.S. Senate testimony in 1987 by an Argentine intelligence officer, Leonardo Sanchez-Reisse.

Sanchez-Reisse testified that the Suarez drug money was laundered through front companies in Miami before going to Central America. There, Argentine intelligence officers, including Sanchez-Reisse and other veterans of the Cocaine Coup, trained the fledgling Contra forces.

But by late 1981, the cocaine taint of Bolivia’s military junta was so deep and the corruption so pervasive that U.S.-Bolivian relations were stretched to the breaking point. “The Moon sect disappeared overnight from Bolivia as clandestinely as they had arrived,” Hermann reported.

The Cocaine Coup leaders soon found themselves on the run, too. Interior Minister Arce-Gomez was extradited to Miami and was sentenced to 30 years in prison for drug trafficking. Drug lord Suarez got a 15-year prison term. General Garcia Meza became a fugitive from a 30-year sentence imposed on him in Bolivia for abuse of power, corruption and murder.

SS veteran Barbie was returned to France to face a life sentence for war crimes. He died in 1991 at the age of 77.

But Moon’s organization suffered few negative repercussions from its role in the Cocaine Coup. By the early 1980s, flush with seemingly unlimited funds, Moon had moved on to promoting himself as a key friend of the new Republican administration in Washington.

A guest at Reagan’s First Inauguration, Moon made his organization useful to the new President and to Vice President George H.W. Bush, who would later become a paid speaker for Moon’s organization. Where Moon got his cash was not a mystery that American conservatives were eager to solve.

“Some Moonie-watchers even believe that some of the business enterprises are actually covers for drug trafficking,” wrote Scott and Jon Lee Anderson.

While Moon’s representatives have refused to detail how they’ve sustained their far-flung activities including many businesses that insiders say lose money Moon’s spokesmen have denied recurring allegations about profiteering off illegal trafficking in weapons and drugs.

In a typical response to a gun-running question by the Argentine newspaper, Clarin, Moon’s representative Ricardo DeSena responded, “I deny categorically these accusations and also the barbarities that are said about drugs and brainwashing.” [Clarin, July 7, 1996]

Nevertheless, Moon’s organization did its best to disrupt the work of U.S. investigative reporters and government investigators looking into the connections between the drug trade and right-wing paramilitary operations such as the Nicaraguan Contras.

In the mid-1980s, for instance, when journalists and congressional investigators began probing the evidence of Contra-connected drug trafficking, they came under attack from Moon’s Washington Times. An Associated Press story that I co-wrote with Brian Barger about a Miami-based federal probe into gun- and drug-running by the Contras was disparaged in an April 11, 1986, front-page Washington Times article with the headline: “Story on [contra] drug smuggling denounced as political ploy.”

When Sen. John Kerry, D-Massachusetts, uncovered additional evidence of Contra-drug trafficking, the Washington Times denounced him, too. The newspaper published articles depicting Kerry’s probe as a wasteful political witch hunt. “Kerry’s anti-contra efforts extensive, expensive, in vain,” declared the headline of one Times article on Aug. 13, 1986.

Despite the attacks, Kerry’s Contra-drug investigation eventually concluded that a number of Contra units were implicated in the cocaine trade.

“It is clear that individuals who provided support for the contras were involved in drug trafficking, the supply network of the contras was used by drug trafficking organizations, and elements of the contras themselves knowingly received financial and material assistance from drug traffickers,” Kerry’s investigation stated in a report issued April 13, 1989.

Mysterious Contra Backer

In 1998, CIA’s Inspector General Frederick Hitz confirmed the earlier allegations of extensive cocaine trafficking by the Contras, including significant ties to Bolivia’s traffickers. Hitz also cited a partially redacted document referring to a “religious” group cooperating with the Contra-cocaine trade.

“There are indications of links between [a U.S. religious organization] and two Nicaraguan counter-revolutionary groups,” read an Oct. 22, 1982, cable from the office of the CIA’s Directorate of Operations. “These links involve an exchange in [the United States] of narcotics for arms.”

In 1982, the CIA quickly shut down any further reporting on this drug deal, citing the role of U.S. citizens. “In light of the apparent participation of U.S. persons throughout, agree you should not pursue the matter further,” CIA headquarters wrote on Nov. 3, 1982.

During the Inspector General’s investigation, Hitz conducted a follow-up interview, with Contra-connected drug trafficker Renato Pena, who described the redacted U.S. religious organization as a Contra “political ally that provided only humanitarian aid to Nicaraguan refugees and logistical support for contra-related rallies, such as printing services and portable stages.”

Moon’s religious-political groups, some based in the United States, were extremely active supporting the Contras in the early 1980s, suggesting that Moon’s Washington Times might have had more than an ideological reason to attack investigators exploring Contra drug trafficking.

To this day, the Washington Times remains a reliably right-wing voice in the U.S. capital. [Moon died on Sept. 3, 2012.]

Still, the CIA’s shielding of the name of that “religious organization” and similar protective behavior represented a continuation of a long-standing pattern in which U.S. intelligence covered up for right-wing and neo-Nazi criminality, a dark history that began with the likes of Klaus Barbie and has extended “Hitler’s Shadow” to modern times.

Investigative reporter Robert Parry broke many of the Iran-Contra stories for The Associated Press and Newsweek in the 1980s. You can buy his new book, America’s Stolen Narrative, either in print here or as an e-book (from Amazon and barnesandnoble.com). For a limited time, you also can order Robert Parry’s trilogy on the Bush Family and its connections to various right-wing operatives for only $34. The trilogy includes America’s Stolen Narrative. For details on this offer, click here.

[jonj22285]

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[afeelgoodblog]

The Best News of Last Week - October 30, 2023

1. Bill to Ban Hidden Fees in California Signed into Law

California Attorney General Rob Bonta has released a statement regarding the signing of Senate Bill 478 (SB 478). SB 478, coauthored by Senators Bill Dodd and Nancy Skinner, will eliminate hidden fees, also known as 'junk fees,' in California starting from July 1, 2024. Hidden fees are deceptive charges that sellers include in transactions, either through obscured disclosures or later revelations, impacting consumers negatively.

2. New Portable Water Treatment System Vaporizes 99% of ‘Forever Chemicals’

A startup based Washington has devised a portable system capable of removing the vast majority of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, from water.

The system uses hydrothermal alkaline treatment, or HALT, to eliminate 99% of forever chemicals from water.

3. Tumor-destroying sound waves receive FDA approval for liver treatment in humans

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of sound waves to break down tumors—a technique called histotripsy—in humans for liver treatment. Technique developed at the University of Michigan provides a noninvasive alternative to surgery, chemotherapy and radiation treatments for cancer

4. Japan's top court says trans sterilisation requirement unconstitutional

Japan's Supreme Court has ruled that it is unconstitutional to require citizens to be sterilised before they can officially change genders.

The 2004 law said people could only change their gender if they have no reproductive capacity. Wednesday's ruling came after a transgender woman filed a petition challenging the law.

5. Abandoned golf courses are being reclaimed by nature

Golf courses, despite occupying large green spaces, are not necessarily good for the environment.

Conservation nonprofits and local authorities are looking to acquire golf courses that have been abandoned due to high maintenance costs, low player numbers or other reasons, and repurpose them into landscapes that boost biodiversity and build natural defenses against climate change.

6. NSW court allows health officials to give blood transfusion to Jehovah's Witness toddler

Regional New South Wales health officials have won a court order authorising them to give a blood transfusion to a Jehovah's Witness toddler if needed in surgery. The Supreme Court has been told the girl, three, who can only be referred to as JI, is in need of two surgical procedures. 

On such an application, the overriding criterion to be applied by the court is the best interests and welfare of the child.

7. North Atlantic right whale population has steadied, scientists say

The population of critically endangered North Atlantic right whales appears to have levelled off after a decade of steep decline, according to updated data released this morning by Canadian and American scientists. Scientists in the consortium said Monday that the 2021 estimate of 340 North Atlantic right whales in existence has been recalculated to 365 primarily because of the number of calves born that year.

The estimate for 2022 is 356.

---

That's it for this week :)

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[randomfoggytiger]

Scully's Abduction, Emily Sim, and the Lost Scully Baby

SOLVING SCULLY'S ABDUCTION DATES

The answer to the question of when Scully was returned differs here and there. Sometime after 11/2/94 and on or before 11/11/94 seems to be the consensus: themareks posits November 2nd, xfilestimeline.net guesses in-between the 2nd and 11th, and epguides stands by the 11th as both One Breath's airdate and Scully's reappearance.

But how long was Scully gone?

Mulder states in Emily: "She [Scully] was missing for four weeks. That's documented in the file."

And to further back up that abduction timeline, Mulder later finds a medical paperwork in the nursing home containing Scully's full name next to a possible abduction date: 13/10/94. At the very least, October 13 was when the government tagged her in their system, meaning Scully was likely abducted on the 12th or 13th and returned not on the 2nd but on the 11th.

WAS SCULLY IMPREGNATED DURING HER ABDUCTION?

Mulder's filed report contains another tidbit he never shared with his partner: it states (as read aloud by the official overseeing Emily's custody case) that Scully was "subjected to a series of experiments where... they extracted her ova."

The episode divulges the 'how's a few scenes later: abductees or unwitting volunteers were put into "beauty sleep" by the Syndicate doctors before being injected with a series of enhanced drugs to stimulate ovulation for extraction. Essentially, the women were put through a process similar to the early stages of IVF treatments, for far more nefarious purposes.

After the extracted ova were combined with suitable sperm or cloned with alien DNA, they were not returned to the womb but were instead grown separately in metal and glass containers filled with a green-not-gray alien liquid.

NURSING HOME MOTHERS

As is the end result of man playing God, the Syndicate pushed the bounds of their "science" by dabbling with the unconscionable: they darkened the doors of nursing homes, developing an extra preceding step that involved "awakening" and growing the ova of older women to maturation before subjecting them to the "beauty sleep." These women were the perfect targets, either too confused or too forgetful to intelligently articulate what was happening to them; and Dr. Calderon and his cohorts banked on repeating their experimental process for unlimited ova until death claimed their patients in natural or unnatural ways. (Unfortunately for Dr. Calderon, his aspirations were cut short when Mulder threatened exposure.)

So, to recap: the women were violated, not impregnated.

THE ROANOKE SCULLY

What's even worse?

While investigating the nursing home, Mulder not only finds the aforementioned paperwork listing Scully's full name and possible abduction date but also a corresponding fetus, alive and kicking, in its own little container of green fluid.

This, too, was Scully's child; and it, too, was likely killed or discarded as medical waste during the Consortium's coverup.

"NATURAL", CLONE, OR HYBRID?

Though not entirely explained in Emily (or after), the fetuses grew at unimaginably rapid rates from conception to "birth" in a month's time; but the cost of accelerated growth sacrificed their health, causing the babies born to be dependent on consistent injections of their mysterious gestation fluid in order to survive.

What were those babies, then? Clones? Hybrids? Fully human?

My personal theory? Emily was a hybrid. Not only would this fit the injections and extractions and underhanded IVF machinations in Season 8 (quality of its writing aside), but it would also correlate the mirroring aims of Emily's Dr. Calderon and Per Manum's Dr. Parenti. Parenti stuffed his batch of alien-human hybrid babies into identical containers of fluid, too (albeit for darker purposes.)

The episodes she appears in provides evidence of its own. Even though clones created from alien DNA bleed green and Emily bled red, her blood still released toxic fumes for self-defense, which means Emily's DNA couldn't have been fully human even if both ova and sperm were tampered with before insemination (a feat the Syndicate couldn't accomplish despite their many, many horrific attempts.)

CONCLUSIONS

Not only was Scully never pregnant but she was also never abducted more than once, making her an anomaly even amongst the other MUFON women. This leads me to believe the first round of experimentation inflicted on her was so severe that the Syndicate deemed Scully too great a risk for future harvesting... which was also likely why she was left to die (even if CSM "returned her to you" for a merciful death surrounded by the ones she loved.) Serving no further purpose to the Project, she had been considered waste and was, therefore, disposable.

Emily, too, was ultimately doomed to die after the Consortium or Dr. Calderon tired of his experiments; and if it hadn't been for Melissa Scully's ghostly interference, Emily Sim would have been torn from her parents the minute they stopped towing the line and raised elsewhere as a lab rat-- unloved and, again, tossed aside when deemed no longer necessary.

Finally, there's still one Scully child unaccounted for.

Existence begun and ended in obscurity, it was likely squirreled away or destroyed along with any remaining evidence of Dr. Calderon's work-- a loose end from a man no longer needed by his overlords.

However, the thought that Mulder was the only person other than its merciless creators to behold this tiny fetus is one best pondered on a dark, lonely night when one is in the mood for either melancholy or heart failure.

Thank you for reading~

Enjoy!

[cbirt]

Typhoid, once a disease that ravaged countries, had been considered tamed by the introduction of new antibiotics in the mid-20th century. Awareness of the importance of sanitation and hygiene also rose as literacy and higher education rates increased; however, the rise of multidrug resistance in various typhoid strains has become a cause for concern. A new consortium, the Global Typhoid Genomics Consortium, has now been formed to further our understanding of antimicrobial resistance in typhoid in different countries and regions. Enabling policymakers to make decisions utilizing genomic data from disease surveillance may make it easier to plan for disease outbreaks and treatment.

Salmonella Typhi, commonly referred to as Typhi, is the causative agent of typhoid fever, which, if left untreated, can be fatal, with mortality ratios estimated to be less than 1% in modern times but ranging from 10% to 20% in the pre-antibiotic era. Historically, the disease has been responsible for deaths on a mass scale, usually triggered by the prevalence of unhygienic conditions, as urbanization and industrialization led to overcrowded cities and unsafe living environments. While the situation has mostly improved in many parts of the world due to significant improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure, it is still responsible for more than 10 million infections, as well as more than 100,000 deaths annually. A large number of these deaths were in low-income countries, with patients often having less access to clean water, food, and hygiene infrastructure.

Salmonella was one of the initial pathogens to undergo sequencing in high-income countries. Public health laboratories often identify Typhi strains from patients and carriers, which serves as an informal method for monitoring the genetic makeup of pathogenic populations in countries with a high prevalence of the disease. More recently, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was utilized for disease surveillance in both endemic and non-endemic countries.

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[allthebrazilianpolitics]

Brazilian-developed vaccine against Covid-19 registered by Anvisa

The new vaccine against Covid-19 developed by the Brazilian company Zalika Farmacêutica has been entered into the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) this week, Agencia Brasil reported. The drug can be used in people aged 12 and over and is to be administered in two doses, 21 days apart, with boosters after 6 months for those over 18 years of age.

The technology used in the Zalika vaccine is called “recombinant” because its molecules are formed by combining two different sources. In this case, the protein S antigen (spike) -capable of promoting a response from the immune system- and the saponin-based adjuvant allow the mixture to enhance the production of antibodies. This form of production brings greater safety to the pharmaceutical industry, Anvisa explained in a statement.

The new immunizer is the sixth to receive definitive individual registration from Anvisa, in addition to Comirnaty Ipfizer/Wyeth, Comirnaty bivalent (Pfizer), Janssen Vaccine (Janssen-Cila), Oxford/Covishield (Fiocruz and Astra-Zeneca) and Spikevax bivalent vaccines have received this type of authorization. Pfizer/Biontech, Astra-Zeneca, Janssen, Moderna, Sinopharm, and Sinovac also have definitive registration in the form of the Covax Facility consortium.

Continue reading.

[artdecosupernova-writing]

Okay, damn! It's time.

I'm looking for beta readers for book three of the Darkspace Portent series, Thriving: Rebirth! There is no limit to how many readers I'll accept. And I'm tagging @drippingmoon because I'm fairly certain I'd be beaten within an inch of my life if I didn't 😩 (kidding of course)

Prerequisites:

18+ only, for the love of god

you don’t have to be following me!

must have read the published versions of books one AND two (for feedback clarity)—you can find purchase links here

What I’m Looking For:

Here's a questionnaire for you! Please read everything carefully!

I can provide the draft by sending you:

an email with the file type of your preference (I can do .pdf, .docx, .rtf, and .odt), AND/OR

a link to a Google Doc of the draft created just for you (meaning no one else has access to that copy but you)

If you're interested, you can reach out through tumblr or discord! My discord username is artdecosupernova and I'm willing to add people who aren't interested in beta reading as well.

Things to Know:

▷ Should you receive a Docs link, I ask that the comments feature be used ONLY for commentary you may have, and to keep critique/feedback in the questionnaire. That said, of course, commentary is NOT required (but I love it 😁).

▷ Rebirth has MATURE CONTENT, including but not limited to drug mention/use, scenes of a sexual nature, and violence. Please keep in mind!

▷ I have not had the patience or the spoons to make this draft sound pretty. Things like word choice and repetitive words and sentence structure (I don't even have the spoons to properly figure out what the hell I'm trying to say) will be dealt with after the beta reading process cuz I'm gonna need the break lmao

What is Thriving: Rebirth?

After waking up on a strange planet to a full-on war between what have become the Consortium worlds and an alliance hell-bent on taking control of the Milky Way, Warren falls into a brand-new existence while getting used to being mutually in love with Thrive. The two of them embark on a mission to round up a team of elite individuals with the purpose of taking down the Blue Prince Hyret, the Morrite head of civil unrest, all while the Emmuli start to reach out directly, toying with Thrive and Warren’s sense of security and reality.

Bonus Content:

All beta readers will get exclusive BONUS SCENES (unedited and as-is) in your format of choice (Docs, .pdf, etc.). They are part of one file and will be titled and separated so hopefully you'll be able to jump to/skip any scene you'd like.

(There will be explicit bonus scenes! I've labeled them so they're easy to avoid (or find 👀))

As of posting this I have not quite finished the bonus content, but rest assured it will get to you. It's hella spoilery, so, sending it to you when you're done would probs be better anyway.

Deadline (⚠IMPORTANT!⚠):

...There is none. If you're committed but busy, that's totally fine. If you need time to buy and read the first two books, go for it. All I ask is that you give me some updates here and there about progress so I know what's going on.

[jonj22285]

Ensuring Workplace Safety with USA Drug Testing: A Comprehensive Solution for Random Drug and Alcohol Consortium

In today's fast-paced work environments, ensuring safety is paramount. Whether it's on a construction site, behind the wheel of a commercial vehicle, or in an office setting, the influence of drugs and alcohol can jeopardize not only individual lives but also the productivity and reputation of businesses. To mitigate these risks, companies across the United States turn to USA Drug Testing, a leading provider in comprehensive drug and alcohol testing services. At the core of their offerings lies an essential tool for maintaining safety and compliance: the Random Drug and Alcohol Consortium.

The term "random" may sound haphazard, but in the realm of workplace safety, it's a meticulously designed system aimed at maintaining fairness and objectivity while effectively deterring substance abuse. USA Drug Testing understands the nuances of random testing and has crafted a consortium program that caters to the diverse needs of businesses, large and small, across various industries.

At the heart of the Random Drug and Alcohol Consortium is its ability to provide unannounced testing for employees. This unpredictability serves as a powerful deterrent against substance abuse while promoting a culture of accountability within the workforce. Employees understand that at any given time, they may be selected for testing, thus discouraging them from engaging in risky behavior.

Moreover, the consortium model offers numerous advantages for employers. By pooling resources and participants from multiple companies, USA Drug Testing can streamline the testing process, making it more cost-effective and efficient. This collaborative approach not only reduces administrative burdens but also ensures compliance with federal regulations, such as those outlined by the Department of Transportation (DOT).

For industries that fall under DOT jurisdiction, such as transportation and aviation, adherence to stringent drug and alcohol testing guidelines is non-negotiable. Failure to comply can result in severe consequences, including fines, license revocation, and even criminal charges. With USA Drug Testing's Random Drug and Alcohol Consortium, companies can rest assured knowing that they are meeting and exceeding regulatory requirements.

Furthermore, USA Drug Testing goes beyond merely conducting tests; they provide comprehensive support every step of the way. From developing customized testing protocols to assisting with policy implementation and employee education, their team of experts ensures that clients have the knowledge and resources they need to maintain a safe and compliant workplace environment.

In addition to promoting safety and regulatory compliance, participation in a Random Drug and Alcohol Consortium can yield long-term benefits for businesses. By proactively addressing substance abuse issues, companies can reduce absenteeism, accidents, and worker's compensation claims, leading to increased productivity and profitability.

Moreover, fostering a culture of safety and accountability can enhance employee morale and retention rates. When workers feel valued and protected, they are more likely to be engaged and committed to their jobs, ultimately contributing to a positive work environment and company reputation.

In conclusion, the Random Drug and Alcohol Consortium offered by USA Drug Testing represents a proactive and comprehensive approach to workplace safety. By leveraging the power of random testing and collaborative partnerships, businesses can mitigate risks associated with substance abuse, ensure regulatory compliance, and cultivate a culture of safety and accountability. With USA Drug Testing as a trusted partner, companies can safeguard their employees, their assets, and their reputation in an ever-evolving business landscape.

[nortonmedical]

Consortium for DOT Drug Testing

Since the process of testing requires a lot of randomization, there is a risk of employees not getting an equal chance at testing. To curb such a situation, the consortium for DOT drug testing invests in a system which ensures that each employee has been granted an equal chance at testing. Once the tests are done and somehow it turns out to be positive, the employee is allowed to explain the reason for a positive result.

[viridiave]

Octopath and loose ends

so as much as I want these travelers to just have a happy ending and live peacefully after everything (and I do mean EVERYTHING)

there are. several things. that I feel like in-universe they really need to address and it has been driving me nuts for weeks

oh yeah MASSIVE spoilers btw so proceed with caution it’s gonna be a long ride of a LOT of loose ends that I REALLY want to see get addressed by the characters in some form

OPHILIA’S TALE - Just. Ophilia- you know. the Flamebearer.- was drugged in Chapter 3 by her sister after the passing of Archbishop Josef. After the Bishop of Goldshore's daughter was fucking kidnapped by cultists. - And it turns out the fucking Bishop didn't fall ill he was fucking murdered and oh my god an investigation needs to be fucking launched - Speaking of investigation- Wispermill in its entirety was almost wiped out by a cult led by some merchant they had in the Lionel Consortium. Whatever the hell that is.

CYRUS’S TALE - Quarrycrest and the blood rituals in the sewers. Cyrus has also killed the culprit, by the way. In self-defense, so it's all good- but there were fucking blood rituals happening in the fucking sewers man what- - sO YOU WOULD THINK THAT CYRUS KILLING HIS EMPLOYER AND HIS ASSITANT WOULD LET HIM GET OFF SCOTT-FREE. TO BE FAIR, IT WAS ALL IN SELF-DEFENSE, BUT THERE IS NO WAY THEY AREN'T INVESTIGATING THIS. ESPECIALLY SINCE THERESE IS A NOBLEWOMAN RELATED TO THE ROYAL FAMILY. SERIOUSLY WHAT THE FUCK. - And there's no way that Cyrus is going to keep his mouth shut over the tomes in the Ruins of Eld. Somehow I don't doubt that there's going to be messy politics surrounding those books given that apparently they don't have a fucking printing press yet.

TRESSA’S TALE - So Quarrycrest doesn't just have a fucking kidnapping problem, but it also has economic problems- which doesn't really sound good when most of the town's economy hinges on the provisions that the person who owned that territory gets sent packing by a tiny merchant. It's great that they don't have someone who deals in slavery anymore but there ain't no way people aren't freaking out over this sudden lack of management. - The Grandport Merchant's Fair was infiltrated by Obsidians. I don't have any real idea how much of a problem this really is, but dang a person could have died that day in the sewers so

OLBERIC’S TALE  - Erhardt. Just… Erhardt. The man. Is an actual war criminal. Who has committed the highest form of treason. The guy killed his king and was directly responsible in some way for the fall of an entire Kingdom. And you're gonna tell me??? He's not gonna get charged??? For any of this??? Erhardt I love you but wHAT THE FUCK MAN- - Riverford had public burnings at the stake and this has been going on for several years- long enough that the town got fed up with it and finally got enough ball to start a revolution. A whole-ass revolution that the Unbending Blade- who is alive and has been walking around and should be legally dead at this point and is also the wINNER OF A WELL-KNOWN TOURNAMENT IN VICTOR'S HOLLOW- has assisted in, alongside the Blazing Blade who may I remind people has committed fucking REGICIDE on WERNER'S ORDERS

PRIMROSE’S TALE - Primrose's entire kill quest is her taking down a whole-ass criminal organization that has been terrorizing the continent for presumably decades. This should be investigated for more reasons than just her charges of first-degree murder. - Stillsnow??? Should really be investigated??? Because what the fuck the Obsidian Manse is a whole fucking human trafficking site??? And the entire town is privy to this information?? IT'S SO CLOSE TO FLAMESGRACE HOW MUCH BALL DO THEY HAVE TO KEEP UP THIS CHARADE - Man if Noblecourt wasn't already such a political mess then it'd be an even worse mess by the time Primrose leaves it- the Obsidians may be shitty but it's implied that they were pretty much running Noblecourt. There's gotta be SOME form of anarchy going down in that city even if it's ultimately better off without the Obsidians running the show - AND SPEAKING OF RUNNING SHOWS THERE'S EVERHOLD AND IT'S NOT LIKE SIMEON'S BODY TURNED TO DUST AFTER THE ENTIRE THING LIKE MATTIAS'S HAD AKSJAKSLAS

ALFYN’S TALE - Surprisingly clean but Goldshore has got to be extra wary of passing apothecaries ever since Vanessa came and fucked them up with the Gaborra Evergreen - Alfyn himself is kind of sus because what even is slumberthorn that sounds like a hell of a sedative- aND WHY DOES HE JUST CASUALLY HAVE SOMETHING LIKE THAT

THERION’S TALE - sO NOT ONLY IS WELLSPRING HOME TO AND DEPENDENT ON A WAR CRIMINAL'S PROTECTION BUT THEY ALSO HAVE A BLACK MARKET. EITHER BALE AND ERHARDT ARE JUST CONSTANTLY DRUNK OR THEY LEGITIMATELY HAVE NO FUCKING CLUE THAT THIS MARKET EXISTS. OR MAYBE IT WAS CUZ OF THE LIZARDMEN BEING REALLY CONVENIENT DISTRACTIONS??? EITHER WAY THIS MARKET NEEDS TO BE INVESTIGATED JESUS CHRIST - So if Darius is a formal lord of Northreach. Shouldn't. People be investigating his death. Or at least his disappearance. Namely at the hands of the guy that has actively been a thorn in his side and has been featured in Wanted posters. Bro-

H'AANIT’S TALE - Surprisingly H'aanit's tale is the most legal. She's literally on a church-sanctioned hunt so pretty much everything she does in her tale is legal. I mean excluding the siccing of various monsters against her obstacles, her record is just clean as fuck and that amazes me.

POST-GAME - SO IS NO ONE GOING TO TALK ABOUT GALDERA AFTER THE FACT??? THIS SOUNDS??? LIKE A VERY IMPORTANT THING TO TALK ABOUT WITH EVERYONE IN THE CONTINENT? THERE IS NO WAY THAT THE GATE OF FINIS IS GOING TO BE KEPT A SECRET ESPECIALLY IF IT CONTAINS A THREAT LIKE GALDERA INSIDE OF IT, EVEN IF RIGHT NOW THERE'S NO FEASIBLE WAY FOR HIM TO BE RELEASED. THIS WAS WHY THE KINGDOM OF HORNBURG FELL FOR GOD'S SAKE. - AND KIT- WHERE THE HELL DOES KIT GO??? AFTER HIS FUCKING BLOODLINE HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE CAPABLE OF RELEASING WHAT IS ESSENTIALLY SATAN UPON THE WORLD??? HE'S ALSO THE ONLY REMAINING CROSSFORD SO IS HE JUST BANNED FROM HAVING KIDS SINCE THAT'D JUST MEAN MORE POTENTIAL KEYS TO UNLOCK THE GATE WITH???

[nuadox]

World’s largest epilepsy study reveals ‘genetic architecture’ and points to new therapies

- By Luciana Constantino , Agência FAPESP -

Considered the largest genetic study of epilepsy in the world, a study published in the journal Nature Genetics reveals specific alterations in DNA that signal a greater risk of the brain disorder.

Identifying these alterations will improve diagnosis and advance the possibility of new treatments for the disease.

The researchers identified 26 different areas (loci) of the genome that are linked to epilepsy, with 29 genes thought to play an important role in the disorder. Of these genes, 17 were associated with epilepsy for the first time; ten are linked to the development of the disease when mutated or altered (known as monogenic epilepsy genes) and the other seven are known to already have approved drugs that focus on treating autism spectrum disorders.

Analysis of the subtypes revealed significantly different “genetic architectures” mainly between two subtypes of epilepsy – focal and generalized – and common variations in DNA can explain between 39.6% and 90% of the genetic risk for the latter type.

Coordinated by a consortium of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) involving more than 350 scientists, the study compared data from 29,944 people with the disease to those of 52,538 control subjects. It included epilepsy cases of European (92%), African (3%) and Asian (5%) descent.

Brazil was the only Latin American representative through the Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), a FAPESP Research, Innovation and Dissemination Center (RIDC) based at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP).

“We at BRAINN were involved in all stages of the work, from the detailed characterization of the patients from a clinical, imaging and neurophysiological point of view – which we’re very good at – to planning the analyses, suggesting how they could be carried out and then checking the results. We were also actively involved in writing the article, which was submitted to the journal over a year ago. Many international studies exclude patients from Brazil because we have such great genomic diversity. However this study did a meta-analysis, which allows us to combine populations with different genomic structures. For the future, we want to expand this diversity even more,” Iscia Teresinha Lopes-Cendes, a professor at UNICAMP’s School of Medical Sciences and co-author of the BRAINN article, told Agência FAPESP.

There are an estimated 2 million Brazilians with epilepsy, at least 25% of whom are uncontrolled, according to the Ministry of Health. Worldwide, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 50 million people are affected by the disorder, a third of whom are resistant to the treatments available on the market.

A highly hereditary neurological disease with no cure, epilepsy causes seizures, up to 40 or 50 a day in the most severe cases, leading to loss of consciousness and falls. Uncontrolled seizures not only disrupt the patient’s daily routine but also pose a serious risk of sudden and premature death.

Treatment involves a combination of medications, which are not always effective. Most medications reduce the activity of neurons across the board, which controls seizures, but they have side effects. An alternative is surgery to remove the part of the brain affected by the malformation.

Now, the researchers are proposing some medications that are normally used for other conditions, but act on the epilepsy risk genes identified in the study.

Knowledge over time

Recognizing the complexity of the genetic and environmental factors related to epilepsy, the consortium was formed in 2010 to collaborate on investigating large datasets at an international level.

“This is an important milestone for the ILAE Consortium on Complex Epilepsies and shows what can be achieved when scientists collaborate openly and share data from around the world,” said the league’s president, Professor Helen Cross, in a press release.

To arrive at the results suggesting different genetic architectures between focal and generalized forms of epilepsy, genetic data were combined with databases of phenotypic information, expanding the sample to more than 51,600 patients and 1 million “controls.” This discovery of the different genetic framework for the different types of epilepsy provides clues to understanding the various syndromes.

In their work, the scientists point out that the proteins that carry electrical impulses through the gaps between the brain’s neurons are part of the risk for generalized forms of epilepsy. In this sense, they emphasize the importance of accurately characterizing or classifying specific epileptic syndromes (syndromic phenotyping) in order to better understand the genetic basis of the disease.

An advocate of studies with so-called “pure data,” Lopes-Cendes says that she is now working specifically on mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with hippocampal atrophy. “We’ve been continuously generating data for specific research on the topic. I’d argue that in certain studies, mixing information from different types of epilepsy can ’dilute’ the data and not highlight results that might appear if the group of patients studied was more homogeneous. I think a balance is needed,” she adds.

In early 2023, the researcher and her group published another article that deepened our understanding of MTLE, considered the most common and refractory to pharmacological treatment, by evaluating, for the first time, the profile of messenger RNA (mRNA, a molecule that contains the information for the production of proteins) from surgical tissue obtained from patients.

Because of her work in genetics, Lopes-Cendes was recently invited by the WHO to join the new Technical Advisory Group on Genomics (TAG-G), which is responsible for contributing to the process of accelerating access to genomic knowledge and technologies, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The group consists of 15 scientists from different countries.

The article “GWAS meta-analysis of over 29,000 people with epilepsy identifies 26 risk loci and subtype-specific genetic architecture” can be read at: www.nature.com/articles/s41588-023-01485-w.

This text was originally published by FAPESP Agency according to Creative Commons license CC-BY-NC-ND. Read the original here.

--

Read Also

For epilepsy sufferers, cutting-edge technology offers early alerts of seizures

[randomfoggytiger]

Mulder's Love Story, S1 (Part 1): Instant Camaraderie to Easy Friendship to Unbreakable Trust

My own meta thoughts down below~!

What hasn't been said about the Pilot? All I will add is that I never read romance into Mulder's actions-- just sheer desperation for a friend and confidante, so much so he grabbed onto Scully's good manners, quick mind, and fairness within their first interview. His openness was won with her mosquito scare, and his faith in her abilities was tested and won in the graveyard.

Deep Throat showed him what the limits of her patience were and what an incredible backup she was in an emergency.

By Squeeze he was both unapologetically territorial and afraid she was unconvinced by him and his "Spooky" theories, one step away from boxing the whole package back down in the basement to travel further up the floors. He was immensely relieved to find she was not only ride-or-die for the Truth but also perfectly capable of weathering its many unexpected twists, turns, and gray areas.

In Conduit, Mulder was not afraid or ashamed to show how raw and unresolved Samantha's loss still was; and even trusted Scully's final call to pull him back from the grave and the Morris family.

The Jersey Devil tapped into the territorial streak of Squeeze but with more stakes: Scully couldn't have a life and be as dedicated to the work as Mulder. He knew this, mourning her absence until the siren call of the next lead made him forget his manners and barge into her personal time (ala Elegy, Chinga, etc.)

Shadows was the first time Mulder invited Scully out on a little fun activity outside of work (the Liberty Bell) even though the tourist site was likely already closed. On the heels of The Jersey Devil and right before Ghost in the Machine, it's easy to read this as his attempt to firmly establish Scully as his little buddy in and out of work (like the deep friendship he had shared with Jerry Lamana ala the deleted script, here on @x-files-scripts's page.) Scully's "I'd settle for a life in this one" teasingly echoes her "I would like to have a life" and his "I have a life" from their previous case.

Ghost in the Machine was the first of many of Mulder's "pasts" getting exposed to Scully, i.e. Jerry Lamana (who had asked Mulder to be his best man at his wedding), Phoebe Green (who had tormented Mulder during their dating years), and Reggie Perdue (who had been Mulder's mentor), Bill Patterson (who had been Mulder's authoritarian teacher), Diana Fowley (who had-- and was-- a tool of the Consortium to reign him in), etc. It sets the tone for Mulder's repeated failed disclosures to Scully, which makes her feel lopsided and unincluded in his inner circle (this ep., Fire, The End, etc.)

Ice was a heavy-hitting game-changer: it's the episode that tested Mulder and Scully's trust by stretching it to almost impossible limits; and yet, they persevered and succeeded. From here on out, Mulder's trust in his new partner is unshakeable and unbreakable (except for a brief stint of drugged-up madness in Anasazi.)

Thanks for reading~

Enjoy!

[lifewithaview]

CSI Miami (2002) Bunk

S1E13

Horatio mobilizes top-priority after an explosive drug-lab releases killer fumes in one of the houses rented from Dr. James Welmont's dermatologists' consortium. The 'cook' messed up designing a new, hence technically under Florida law legal designer drug. The case also rekindles the tragic death of Horatio's cop brother. Eric investigates the murder of popular rest home-octogenarian Betty Rosen, whose skull was smashed.

*It is revealed that Horatio Caine's younger brother, Raymond C. Caine, was killed in 2001 at age 32. According to his tombstone he was born on October 24, 1968 and died on March 18, 2001.