#e&l ak upgrades

[mirtactical]

E&L Airsoft: Perfect for MilSim?

E&L Airsoft produces some of the most realistic AK platforms on the market today. They literally might be the best for some events.

MilSim, which stands for Military Simulation, is all about realism. The more faithfully the airsoft event can capture the immersive experience of a true combat environment, the better. Since these are often used for law enforcement training and reenactment purposes, platform realism counts, too.

So if the MilSim event you’re planning on attending has anything to do with Soviet-era politics or world policing, then E&L Airsoft is literally one of the top providers out there, just in terms of realism.

For example, consider the E&L Essential AKMS AEG with a folding stock. This thing cannot be topped for realism.

It is a 1:1 scale model compared to a real AMKS. Read that again. 1:1 scale. It’s basically the same platform, only this one shoots airsoft ammo.

Talk about quality construction, too. This E&L Airsoft AEG is made with an all-steel body with a wood handguard. (And, on that note other E&L AK AEGs are made with wood handguards and stocks. This one isn’t simply because the AKMS has a folding stock.)

It’s heavy, but it tops out realism. And, wood and steel go a long way towards guaranteeing quality, too. Polymer receivers may be tough, but they aren’t as tough as steel. Sorry, not sorry.

In addition to its realism, this, and other, E&L AK-style platforms are geared for performance. The following are a few features you can expect.

Built-in MOSFETs that improve trigger response and preserve the trigger contacts.

Version 3, full-metal, fully-upgradeable gearboxes that deliver impressive power, even out of the box. E&L AK style AEGs like this one can produce muzzle velocities scraping 400 FPS with no upgrades.

Quick-change spring systems that enable you to easily boost FPS without taking the gearbox entirely apart.

Full-metal hop-up chambers that are durable, long-lasting, and offer best-in-class range and accuracy.

One thing to note about the realism of these E&L AK-style AEGs is that they lack the “tacticool” rail space of many other AK-style airsoft rifles on the market.

This is a plus and a minus. On the one hand, they’re not optimized for airsoft attachments, but on the other, they more accurately capture the details of the real platforms after which they’re based.

And while rail space is nice, when it comes to MilSim, realism is better.

Another Good Option for MilSim: Arcturus Airsoft

If you’re looking for another producer of great MilSim platforms, check out Arcturus Airsoft. They also produce a wide range of AK-style platforms and AR-style platforms too, along with lots of other options.

They are also geared for impressive performance and have another cool feature up their sleeve.

Many Arcturus Airsoft AEGs come with variable cap mags which are ultra-realistic, as they allow the player to cap the mag at 30 rounds - just like a real AR or AK - and much better for MilSim.

Check them both out at MiR Tactical, which also offers a price match guarantee on all of it, airsoft guns included.

[once-and-future-alaskan]

Takas Mod 3 Wishlist:

AK-47: Possibly some kinda AUG lite, way more expensive with the resources needed but once you have her fully upgraded she’s basically about as good. Though, considering SARs existence, maybe something that just ups her ROF and acc would be better. Definitely wanna spruce up her tiles tho, give ‘em a more useful effect and either reorient them or just making it apply too all. Lean into the Russian military parts of her aesthetic and make her gun either some tacticool pseudo-AK-103 or some rad af Khyber Pass monstrosity. 

KS-23: Number one is fix up her tiles, the rest I can’t really say because shotguns tend to perform very similarly. Maybe up her rof? Maybe give her a slamfire skill where she like triples her ROF and just outputs a ton of hurt for like 5 seconds before reloading. Her design as is is pretty decent, the shark teeth are very much appreciated, I just think it needs another pass artwise to make the face look less weird, maybe give her a coat she wears off her shoulders. Hell, why not go all the way and make her new jacket an unbranded black and white Adidas tracksuit? Her new art can include her slav squatting! Keep her gun the same but just add like a shell holder on the back and a scope or something.

Springfield: It seems like this is probably coming already and I don’t really know enough to speculate or suggest anything, I just want it to be known that I want it.   

M590: Pretty simple is just fill in the missing part of her tiles so she has better coverage, it’s pretty well understood that as they are runs counterintuitive to the way she wants to be used. Maybe up her mag size while we’re at this. Also she’s just really popular with a lot of players despite her “nonmeta” status and I feel like that’s been justification enough for a fair few mod 3s already. Design-wise I can’t think of much but maybe give her one of the mag-fed versions of her gun to justify her upped capacity. Also give her a chainsaw bayonet and then build her skill around it. 

NTW: I don’t even know how you’d properly balance this but like, higher ROF? Maybe her new skill could turn her into like support/bamboo hybrid? Give her ammo an area of effect damage so she hits multiple targets? 

Makarov: IDK fam I just like her a lot and she deserves it.  

OTS-12: I honestly have no idea what you’d do with her but Yew Tree is a very good egg and deserves it damn it!

M16: Just turn her into her [REDACTED].   

1887: A K I M B O  F L I P  C O C K E D  1 0  G A U G E  L E V E R  A C T I O N S H O T G U N S

Luger: Give her the Luger AK hybrid with a drum mag, replace her accessory slot with an armor slot, and then give her a stupid high rof.

Kar98k: Literally just have her artist unfuck the proportions in her art, that’s it, don’t do anything else to make her viable.

SKS: You’re already writing her as cocky and headstrong, just go all the way and turn into some kinda bubba’d tapco sponsored monstrosity. Or, fuck it, just do what you did with Type 88 and turn her into a Gundam.  

9A-91: The Night Queen must ascend and become the Night Empress.

[phgq]

Year in review: Go’s people-centered legislative accomplishments

#PHnews: Year in review: Go’s people-centered legislative accomplishments

MANILA – Despite the Covid-19 pandemic and other crises faced by the country this year, Senator Christopher “Bong” Go continues to deliver on his promise to serve Filipinos through his legislative work in the Senate, and through his initiatives to help those in need wherever they are inside and outside the Philippines.

“Ginagawa ng gobyerno ang lahat para maiahon ang ating mga kababayan mula sa hirap na ating dinaranas. Magtiwala po tayo dahil kapakanan ninyo ang inuuna naming (The government is doing its best to help our countrymen get out of the hardships they are experiencing. Trust us that we will prioritize your welfare),” Go said.

“Ako naman po, patuloy lang ang aking serbisyo sa bawat Pilipino. Wala na akong hihingin pang iba, ibinigay na po ng Diyos sa akin ang pagkakataon na manilbihan sa bayan. Kaya ibabalik ko sa inyo ang serbisyo na dapat niyong makuha mula sa gobyernong palaging nagmamalasakit sa inyo (I will continue serving every Filipino. I could not ask for more, God gave a chance to serve the nation. So, I will give the services you deserve to get from the government that cares for you),” he added.

As Go explained, the Covid-19 pandemic forced the government and the people to adapt to new ways in accomplishing things. But on top of these, numerous Filipinos have been adversely affected also by various calamities that hit the country this year.

“Marahil sinusubok ng taong ito ang ating pananampalataya at katatagan (Perhaps this year tests our faith and resilience). Now, more than ever, unity and cooperation are necessary for us to overcome these challenges. Kaya patuloy lang po dapat tayong magtulungan at magbayanihan (We should continue helping each other),” Go said.

Throughout the year, Go and his team continues to provide aid to Filipinos in crisis situations on top of and in support of what government agencies have been providing.

“As I have said numerous times, I will not limit myself to serving as a Senator only. Bilang public servant, magseserbisyo po ako sa inyo kahit saan man kayo sa mundo para tugunan ang inyong mga suliranin, pakinggan ang inyong mga hinaing, at mag-iwan ng ngiti sa oras ng inyong pagdadalamhati (As public servant, I will continue to serve you wherever you are to help solve your problems, listen to your needs, and give you inspiration),” Go reiterated.

“Kahit anumang problema ang inyong hinaharap — nasunugan, tinamaan ng lindol, apektado ng pagputok ng bulkan, nabahaan, lahat ng klaseng krisis — handa akong tumulong at maserbisyo sa inyo sa abot ng aking makakaya (Whatever problems we face – fire, earthquakes, volcano eruption, floods, all kind of crises, I’m ready to serve you as long as I can),” he added.

Legislative works

On the legislative side, Go highlighted the results of his continuing work which included improving the quality of and access to healthcare services, and addressing the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting economic downturn.

He authored or sponsored nine out of 14 Senate bills which were passed into law in the present 18th Congress.

One of his biggest legislative accomplishments is the passage of Republic Act No. 11463, otherwise known as the ‘Malasakit Centers Act’ that he authored in the Senate. The law directs the mandatory establishment of a Malasakit Center, a one-stop shop for medical assistance, in the Philippine General Hospital in Manila City and every hospital managed and administered by the Department of Health throughout the country.

Go also principally authored and pushed for the passage of RA 11462 which postpones the barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections from May 2020 to December 2022. The postponement gave village officials more time to finish their programs and projects while saving valuable public funds.

Another priority measure he filed was RA 11466 or the ‘Salary Standardization Law 5’ which raises the salaries of all government employees, including public nurses and teachers, for 2020 to 2023. 

Following the emergency declaration in the wake of the pandemic, Go co-authored and co-sponsored RA 11469 or the ‘Bayanihan to Heal as One Act’. This allowed the Executive Department to respond to the threat of Covid-19 with greater flexibility, effectiveness, resources and haste.

To ensure it can undertake all necessary actions, Go helped see to the passage of RA 11494 or the ‘Bayanihan to Recover as One Act’ as one of the Senate bicameral conferees on the measure.

The law gives government the response fund needed so it can carry out stimulus packages and recovery plans for struggling sectors, such as micro, small, and medium enterprises, tourism, transport and agriculture sectors, in order to help them cope with the impacts of the pandemic.

As the chair of the Senate Committee on Health, Go sponsored the passage of 11 bills which increased the bed capacity or upgraded the services of the following local hospitals: Bicol Medical Center in Naga City; Bicol Women's and Children's Hospital in Pamplona, Camarines Sur; the Cagayan Valley Medical Center in Tuguegarao City; Caraga Regional Hospital in Surigao City; Las Piñas General Hospital and Satellite Trauma Center in Las Piñas City; Malita District Hospital in Malita, Davao Occidental; Quirino Memorial Medical Center in Quezon City; Siargao District Hospital in Dapa, Surigao del Norte; Maria L. Eleazar District Hospital in Tagkawayan, Quezon; Talisay District Hospital in Talisay City, Cebu; and Western Visayas Medical Center in Iloilo City.

Go also authored RA 11470 or the ‘National Academy of Sports (NAS) Act’, seeking the establishment of the NAS in New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac. The academy shall offer the student-athletes a quality education with an integrated special curriculum on sports.

He also co-authored RA 11476 which institutionalized Good Manners and Right Conduct and Values Education as core subjects in the K-12 curriculum in both public and private schools to improve the delivery of education in the years ahead.

In addition, Go co-authored or co-sponsored six other bills which were passed by both houses of Congress. These are Senate Bill No. 1318 or the ‘Organic Agriculture Act’ which promotes the practice of organic farming; SBN 1365 or the ‘Alternative Learning System Act’ which addresses the basic learning needs of out-of-school youth, adults and children in special extreme cases; and the SBN 1520 or ‘Doktor Para sa Bayan Act’ which institutionalizes a medical scholarship program for deserving and qualified medical students.

He also co-authored or co-sponsored SBN 1844 that gives the President the authority to expedite the processing and issuance of national and local licenses, permits, and certifications; SBN 1807 designating the month of October as ‘National Cooperative Month’; and SBN 1396 expediting the delivery of benefits to coconut farmers through the creation of a trust fund.

On top of these, Go continues to push for bills that would streamline functions and enhance the capabilities of government to respond to the needs of Filipinos especially amid the changing times.

Go filed SBN 1738 institutionalizing the transition of the government to e-governance, SBN 1949 establishing the Department of Overseas Filipinos, and SBN 205 establishing the Department of Disaster Resilience, among others.

“Sa pagpasok ng bagong taon, magkaisa po tayo para sa ikabubuti ng ating bansa at para maibigay sa bawat Pilipino ang mas komportableng buhay tulad ng naipangako ng ating mahal na Pangulo (As we enter new year, let’s unite for the good of our country and so that we can give to every Filipino a comfortable life as promised by our President),” Go said. (PR)

***

References:

* Philippine News Agency. "Year in review: Go’s people-centered legislative accomplishments." Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1125955 (accessed December 30, 2020 at 05:27AM UTC+14).

* Philippine News Agency. "Year in review: Go’s people-centered legislative accomplishments." Archive Today. https://archive.ph/?run=1&url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1125955 (archived).

[kabargames]

Cara Dapatkan Incubator Voucher Gratis FF Hanya dengan Login

(function(d,a,b,l,e,_) if(d[b]&&d[b].q)return;d[b]=function()(d[b].q=d[b].q;e=a.createElement(l); e.async=1;e.charset='utf-8';e.src='//static.dable.io/dist/plugin.min.js'; _=a.getElementsByTagName(l)[0];_.parentNode.insertBefore(e,_); )(window,document,'dable','script'); dable('setService', 'kabargames.id'); dable('sendLogOnce'); dable('renderWidget', 'dablewidget_1oV9EjXP'); Siapa yang tidak kenal dengan game FPS satu ini. Ya, Counter Strike: Global Offensif atau biasa disingkat CS:GO menjadi salah satu game yang paling banyak dimainkan di seluruh dunia. Game besutan Valve ini tidak hanya mengandalkan taktik dan skil, tetapi senjata dalam game CS:GO juga memengaruhi performa pemain. Senjata di CS:GO ini bisa di-upgrade untuk meningkatkan kekuatannya. Beberapa senjata bahkan memiliki damage yang besar yang cukup untuk melumpuhkan dan mematikan lawan. Berikut 8 senjata yang sering digunakan pemain di CSGO. Baca Juga : Cheat Palsu CSGO Diciptakan Youtuber untuk Jebak Cheater! Counter Strike Sekarang Bisa Dimainkan Gratis, Ini Caranya 25 Tips Bermain CSGO untuk Pemula Menjadi Pro Player CSGO Offline: Cara Download, Install & Spesifikasi PC CSGO jadi Gratis! Inikah Strategi Valve Naikkan User? googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-9949385-2'); ); 1. Arctiv Warfare Police (AWP) Mengawali senjata yang paling banyak digunakan di CS:GO ada Arctiv Warfare Police (AWP). AWP sendiri termasuk dalam jajaran senjata legendaris yang ada di CS:GO. Senjata ini memiliki laras panjang untuk membidik dan menembak musuh dari jarak jauh. AWP dibekali dengan alat bidik untuk memfokuskan kepada target yang dituju. Senjata dengan warna hijau army ini cocok digunakan untuk menyerang dari tempat persembunyian. Pertama kali AWP diproduksi pada tahun 1982 di negara Eropa. AWP buatan Inggris dengan pembidik dari Jepang masuk dalam bagian Accuracy International Arctic Warfare. NATIVE CONTENT Kimi Hime: Biodata, Fakta, Meme, Foto & Thumbnail Seksi di YT KameAam: Biodata, Fakta & Foto Cosplay Seksi Mobile Legend Lola Zieta: Biodata, Fakta & Kumpulan Foto Cosplay Seksi Sarah Viloid: Biodata, Fakta & Kumpulan Foto Seksi Peluru yang digunakan AWP ini bertipe Winchester 243 atau 308. Pada umumnya AWP digunakan oleh kepolisian dan militer karena cocok digunakan sebagai senjata jarak jauh. AWP isendiri menjadi senapan utama oleh para sniper. Sayangnya, di CS:GO senjata jarak jauh ini dibanderol dengan memiliki harga yang cukup mahal. Bahkan menjadi yang paling mahal di antara yang lain. Kendati demikian, harganya yang mahal sesuai dengan damage yang dihasilkan. AWP ini mempunyai damage paling besar di antara lainnya. Jika mengenai kepala secara langsung damage-nya bisa mencapai 459. Jika terkena lengan atau dada 115. Loading… (function()var D=new Date(),d=document,b='body',ce='createElement',ac='appendChild',st='style',ds='display',n='none',gi='getElementById',lp=d.location.protocol,wp=lp.indexOf('http')==0?lp:'https:';var i=d[ce]('iframe');i[st][ds]=n;d[gi]("M450849ScriptRootC398142")[ac](i);tryvar iw=i.contentWindow.document;iw.open();iw.writeln("");iw.close();var c=iw[b];catch(e)var iw=d;var c=d[gi]("M450849ScriptRootC398142");var dv=iw[ce]('div');dv.id="MG_ID";dv[st][ds]=n;dv.innerHTML=398142;c[ac](dv);var s=iw[ce]('script');s.async='async';s.defer='defer';s.charset='utf-8';s.src=wp+"//jsc.mgid.com/k/a/kabargames.id.398142.js?t="+D.getYear()+D.getMonth()+D.getUTCDate()+D.getUTCHours();c[ac](s);)(); Sedangkan jika mengenai paha dan kaki damage yang dihasilkan mencapai 143 dan 85. Oleh karenanya, besarnya damage yang ditimbulkan harus diimbangi dnegan penggunaannya pun harus cermat. Pasalnya, jika terjadi kesalahan menembak, posisi kalian bisa diketahui oleh musuh. 2. Bullpup Steyr AUG Baca Juga : Begini Cara Mudah Gamer Mendapatkan Uang dari Steam Cara Refund Game Steam, Ini Syarat & Ketentuannya di 2020 Resmi Dibuka, Steam Summer Sale 2020 Tawarkan Diskon 85% Diskon MANTAP! 54 Game Square Enix hanya 370ribu Saja! Pac Man Championship Edition 2 Bisa di Download Gratis! Senjata yang satu ini biasa digunakan oleh pemain yang berperan sebagai Counter Terroris (CT) di CS:GO. AUG dapat dibeli dengan menggunakan kode B44. Harganya pun cukup bersahabat dengan pemain pemula. Meski begitu, AUG memiliki kualitas yang cukup baik. Senjata ini bisa juga ditambahkan dengan scope AUG supaya lebih tepat sasaran. Butuh tiga kali tembakan untuk dapat mematikan musuh. Damage yang dihasilkan ketika mengenai kepala mencapai 143. Untuk lengan atau dada hanya 35. Sementara paha dan kaki masing-masing 44 dan 26. Sedikit informasi, AUG pertama kali dibuat pada tahun 1977 oleh perusahaan Austria. Kepolisian dan militer menggunakan senjata ini sebagai senapan serbu di garis depan. 3. M4 Carbine Senjata yang paling sering digunakan selanjutnya adalah M4 Carbine. Di dalam CS:GO senjata ini memiliki kode B43. M4 Carbine sendiri biasanya dipakai oleh pemain dengan peran sebagai CT. Uniknya, senjata ini bahkan bisa dikombinasikan dengan peredam suara. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi rasa waspada dari pihak musuh. Senjata ini dibuat pertama kali pada tahun 1996 di Amerika Serikat. Ukuran peluru untuk senjata ini sekitar 5.56 x 45 mm. Secara khusus, M4 Carbine biasa digunakan oleh militer Angkatan Darat. 4. AK-47 AK-47 merupakan bentuk akronim dari Avtomat Kalashnikova 1947. Dengan Kode B42, AK-47 biasa dikenal dengan senjata jahat. Bagaimana tidak? Tembakan pelurunya bahkan mampu menembus pintu. Meski begitu, AK-47 juga memiliki kekurangan yakni di bagian bidikan jarak jauh. Senjata satu ini biasa dibuat dan digunakan oleh militer Eropa Timur sebagai senjata garis depan untuk menyerbu musuh. Pertama kali diproduksi sekitar tahun 1946 atau pasca Perang Dunia 2 di Rusia. AK-47 bisa memberikan damage yang cukup besar, yakni diangka 143 jika mengenai kepala. Sementara jika mengenai lengan atau dada damage yang dihasilkan mencapai 35. Sedangkan damage untuk paha dan kaki adalah 44 dan 26. 5. P90 P90 bisa menjadi pilihan alternatif jika kalian tidak memiliki cukup uang untuk membeli AWP. Harganya yang murah cocok untuk para pemula yang belum memiliki banyak uang. Namun jangan minder, meski harganya receh tapi senjata yang satu ini cukup efektif melumpuhkan musuh. Kalian yang tertarik memiliki senjata ini dapat meminangnya dengan Kode B34. P90 termasuk dalam senjata berJenis personal Defense Weapon. Maka dari itu senjata ini sering digunakan sebagai alat pertahanan. P90 ini masuk dalam senjata kelas ringan. Pasalnya peluru yang ditembakkan tidak mampu menembus rompi anti-peluru. P90 pertama kali diproduksi Belgia untuk kalangan militer sendiri. 6. M4A4 Alternatif lain selain M4 Cabine yang bisa kalian pilih saat kalian berperan sebagai CT adalah M4A4. Di dalam CS:GO senjata ini kerap disejajarkan dengan AK-47, karena damage yang dihasilkan cukup mematikan. Jika mengenai kepala, M4A4 bisa memberikan damage mencapai 140. Jika hanya terkena lengan atau dada damagenya sebesar 34. Sedangkan untuk perut dan kaki masing-masing sebesar 43 dan 26. Meskipun damage yang dikeluarkan masih kurang dari AK-47. Tetapi M4A4 memiliki kelebihan lain pada bagian recoil-nya yang lebih kecil dibandingkan AK-47. Senjata ini bisa menampung sebanyak 30 peluru. Sayangnya, M4A4 dijual sekitar 3100 USD. Harga yang cukup mahal buat kalian yang berbudget seret. Tapi sesuai kok dengan damage yang dihasilkan. 7. USP-S Selain M4A4, ada lagi shotgun yang cocok untuk peran CT di CS:GO, yaitu USP-S. Akurasi senjata ini terbilang tinggi dan memiliki damage yang cukup besar. Selain itu, USP-S juga dibekali dengan supresor untuk meredam suara supaya tidak terlau bising. Sayangnya, USP-S memiliki kelemahan dalam hal firing rate atau kecepatan tembakan yang terbilang rendah dan lambat. Damage yang dihasilkan USP-S jika terkena kepala mencapai 140. 34 untuk lengan atau dada, 43 untuk perut, dan 26 untuk kaki. 8. The Nova The Nova menjadi senjata terakhir yang paling sering digunakan oleh para pemain di CS:GO. Biasanya para pemain menggunakan senjata ini untuk pertempuran jarak dekat. Harga dari The Nova sendiri cukup murah tetapi memiliki damage yang besar. Tentunya penggunaan senjata shotgun dibutuhkan latihan mendalam untuk bisa menguasainya dan menggunakannya secara efektif. Karena pada dasarnya senjata tipe shotgun masih bisa kalah dengan senjata assault rifle jika kalian tidak memiliki skill menembak yang yahut. Bagaimana, tertarik untuk mencoba satu atau beberapa senjata yang ada di atas? Gunakan senjata yang sesuai dengan karakter dan keadaan di CS:GO. Karena senjata merupakan alat utama untuk mengalahkan musuh. Dapatkan semua informasi menarik tentang CS:GO dan game seru lainnya hanya di Kabar Games yah! Supaya kamu tidak ketinggalan berita, kamu bisa follow akun Instagram dan Facebook Kabar Games sekarang ya! (function(d,a,b,l,e,_) if(d[b]&&d[b].q)return;d[b]=function()(d[b].q=d[b].q;e=a.createElement(l); e.async=1;e.charset='utf-8';e.src='//static.dable.io/dist/plugin.min.js'; _=a.getElementsByTagName(l)[0];_.parentNode.insertBefore(e,_); )(window,document,'dable','script'); dable('setService', 'kabargames.id'); dable('sendLogOnce'); dable('renderWidget', 'dablewidget_KoEP9KXB');

https://www.kabargames.id/cara-dapatkan-incubator-voucher-gratis-ff-hanya-dengan-login/

#EventFreeFire #FreeFire

[skooterblogbr]

O Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul foi adquirido para uso com um Gabinete Corsair Mid-Tower Carbide Series 100R CC-9011075-WW. Este gabinete vem com apenas um fan na parte traseira, mas tem espaço para instalação de outros quatro, sendo dois na parte superior e dois na parte frontal.

Motivação

A princípio eu nem iria instalar esses fans adicionais, pois o gabinete já tem uma refrigeração que me aparece suficiente para o uso sem overclocks ou outras firulas, mas não gostava de como havia furos enormes na parte de cima do gabinete, permitindo a entrada fácil de poeira. Acabei decidindo instalar então filtros de poeira e fans.

Tenho um gabinete da Cooler Master há 7 anos, um HAF X, e ele está com todos os fans originais que nunca deram nenhum problema, então imaginei que Cooler Master seria uma boa marca de fans para colocar também no Carbide Series 100R. Os Cooler Master também tem um bom custo-benefício, pois marcas como Corsair ou Noctua tendem a ser bem mais caros.

Descartei logo os modelos RGB que são mais caros e precisam de uma controladora (ou placa-mãe compatível) para controlar as cores, pois não queria ter que gastar com isso. Modelos com LED, por outro lado, não custam mais que os modelos comuns e ficam bonitos, ainda mais considerando que o Carbide Series 100R tem uma janela acrílica na lateral.

Os fans Masterfan MF120L estão disponíveis em três cores: azul, vermelho, e branco. Na ocasião da minha compra só achei vermelho e azul, então optei pelos azuis.

Eis algumas especificações, obtidas no site da fabricante:

MODELO: R4-C1DS-12FB-R1

VELOCIDADE DA VENTOINHA: 1200 RPM ± 150

FLUXO DE AR DA VENTOINHA: 32 CFM ± 10%

PRESSÃO DE AR DA VENTOINHA: 0.7 mmH2O

RUÍDO DA VENTOINHA: 25 dBA

DIMENSÕES DA VENTOINHA (L X W X H): 120 x 120 x 25 mm / 4.7 x 4.7 x 1 inch

VENTOINHA MTTF: 280,000 Hours

VENTOINHA L-10 LIFE: 40,000 Hours

VOLTAGEM DA VENTOINHA: 12VDC

CORRENTE SEGURA DA VENTOINHA: 0.16A

CONECTOR DE ENERGIA DA VENTOINHA: 3-Pin

PESO DA VENTOINHA: 89g

GARANTIA: 2 years

CÓDIGO EAN: 4719512063866

CÓDIGO UPC: 884102036545

SÉRIE: MasterFan Lite

COOLER TYPE: Case Fan

VENTOINHA – ILUMINAÇÃO LED: LED

Unboxing e Instalação

Cada Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue veio em sua caixinha individual. Dentro delas estava o ventilador, borrachinhas com adesivo e parafusos.

As borrachinhas devem ser coladas em torno dos furos de fixação, do lado que o ventilador será fixado, evitando o contato do plástico direto com o gabinete. Dessa forma a vibração e o ruído são reduzidos. Os parafusos são do tipo atarraxante.

Cada Masterfan MF120L tem seu número de série na caixinha e também em um adesivo no fio. Eles tem garantia de 2 anos, então é recomendável ter cuidado para não arrancar o adesivo acidentalmente.

A instalação foi relativamente simples. No caso da parte superior do gabinete, os parafusos que acompanham os fans deram conta. Já no caso da parte frontal, precisei usar parafusos longos que acompanham o Carbide Series 100R. Porém a Corsair foi mão-de-vaca e só mandou 4 deles, então precisei usar apenas dois em cada ventilador. Mas ficaram aparentemente bem fixos apesar disso.

Na placa-mãe que está atualmente nesse PC só há conectores para quatro ventiladores de gabinete. Como o ventilador que vem com o Carbide Series 100R já estava conectado em um, conectei outros três e um ficou de fora. Esse PC está com um Painel Frontal Multifuncional Akasa AK-ALL-02SL, que tem conectores para 3 ventiladores, então conectei o que faltava nele.

Como devo fazer um upgrade nesse PC em breve nem me preocupei com rotações ou com ajustar algum tipo de controle de rotação na BIOS (se é que tem) ou algo do tipo. Quando atualizar meu PC principal devo colocar minha placa-mãe atual (ASUS Z87-Deluxe), junto com processador e memória nesse segundo PC, e aí configurarei o sistema Q-Fan da ASUS para controlar a velocidade.

Cabe ressaltar que esses ventiladores tem conectores de 3 pinos, ou seja, há um pino de aterramento, um pino levando corrente contínua, e outro para informar a rotação atual para a placa-mãe ou controladora. Para que os ventiladores girem em uma velocidade abaixo da máxima usa-se uma tensão menor. Porém, uma tensão menor também vai implicar nos LEDs ficando mais fracos. Quem quer um ventilador com velocidade variável sem que os LEDs sejam afetados precisa de um modelo com 4 pinos (PWM). Esse quarto pino envia pulsos com duração proporcional à velocidade. Eles tendem a ser mais caros.

Minhas primeiras impressões, mesmo sem controlar as velocidades, é de que os Masterfan MF120L Blue são silenciosos mesmo na velocidade máxima. Perceptíveis, mas sem incomodar. A iluminação também ficou bonita.

Confira as fotos e o vídeo do unboxing e das Masterfan MF120L Blue em funcionamento:

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Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul.

Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul, em sua embalagem.

Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul, em sua embalagem.

Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul.

Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul.

Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul.

Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul.

Parafusos e anéis de borracha que acompanham cada ventilador.

Dois Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul, instalados na parte frontal do gabinete.

Dois Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul, instalados na parte de cima do gabinete.

Dois Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul, instalados na parte de cima do gabinete.

Dois Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul, instalados na parte de cima do gabinete.

O gabinete Carbide Series 100R, com todos os ventiladores instalados.

O gabinete Carbide Series 100R, com todos os ventiladores instalados.

O gabinete Carbide Series 100R, com todos os ventiladores instalados.

Rastreamento

O Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul foi enviado pelos Correios (PAC), e estas são as informações de rastreamento do pacote:

24/06/2020 12:20 [REMOVIDO] / SP Objeto entregue ao destinatário 24/06/2020 10:29 [REMOVIDO] / SP Objeto saiu para entrega ao destinatário 22/06/2020 12:50 INDAIATUBA / SP Objeto encaminhado de Unidade de Tratamento em INDAIATUBA / SP para Unidade de Distribuição em [REMOVIDO] / SP 20/06/2020 00:31 APARECIDA DE GOIANIA / GO Objeto encaminhado de Unidade de Tratamento em APARECIDA DE GOIANIA / GO para Unidade de Tratamento em INDAIATUBA / SP 19/06/2020 17:08 GOIANIA / GO Objeto encaminhado de Agência dos Correios em GOIANIA / GO para Unidade de Tratamento em APARECIDA DE GOIANIA / GO 19/06/2020 16:38 GOIANIA / GO Objeto postado

Tabela-Resumo

E esta é a tabela-resumo da compra:

Nome do Produto: Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul Nome Original: Kit C/ 4 – Cooler Master Fan Mf120l 120mm 12cm Led Azul Loja: Mercado Livre | Vendedor: INFOTECHSI Valor: R$ 179,90 Valor atual: R$ 179,90 Forma de Pagamento: Cartão de Crédito Visa Tipo de Frete: Correios (Normal) Valor do Frete: Gratuito País de Origem do Pacote: Brasil Data de Compra: 18/06/2020 Data de Envio: 19/06/2020 Data de Entrega: 24/06/2020 Tempo em Trânsito: 5 dias

Considerações Finais

Estou satisfeito com o Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul. Não são necessariamente baratas, afinal custaram quase metade do que paguei pelo gabinete inteiro. Mas ainda custam bem menos que outras marcas famosas, e pela minha experiência são bem mais duráveis que ventiladores genéricos.

O Gabinete Corsair Mid-Tower Carbide Series 100R CC-9011075-WW ficou bonito com as luzes azuis, e o ruído, apesar de ser perceptível, não incomoda. Creio que poderei reduzi-lo ainda mais após o upgrade, com uma placa-mãe com controle de velocidade para os ventiladores.

Compartilhe o artigo com seus amigos se você gostou  . O Skooter Blog precisa de sua ajuda na divulgação para continuar existindo.

[Review] Kit c/ 4 Fan – Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul O Kit c/ 4 Fan - Cooler Master Masterfan MF120L Blue 120mm 12cm LED Azul foi adquirido para uso com um…

[stevenhphillips]

MVP Rifle SUB 1/2 MOA Accuracy Improvement-Mossberg MVP Long Range Rifle-LRK MVP Accuracy Gunsmiths

MVP Rifle SUB ½ MOA Accuracy Improvement-Mossberg MVP Long Range Rifle-LRK MVP Accuracy Gunsmiths https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-19f3LOIrk LRK Mechanical is a Full Service Custom Gunsmithing Shop,Full Service Custom Precision Rifle Shop,Tactical Rifle and Pistol Gunsmithing Shop Visit Our Website http://lrkmechanical.com/ Long range shooting is a collective term for shooting disciplines where the shooter has to engage targets at such long distances that he has to calculate ballistics, especially in regards to wind. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_range_shooting Relentless On Detail In Every Build And Service. Arizona’s Premiere NFA & Non-NFA Gunsmiths We can build MANY types of NFA items as well as handle all your Class-3 Transfer needs. Our office team can handle your ATF E-Fingerprinting here to speed up the process! We also offer NFA and Non-NFA work for L.E.O.’s, POLICE Depts, SHERIFF’S Depts and all Government Agencies. About Us: Many years ago, 3 friends in California made a decision to start a gunsmithing shop that would provide the highest level work, top level advice, and build products for guns that actually work and are worth every penny… They made a decision to start a shop with what they had, a shop that would stand out from the rest. Many years later, that idea has become one of the premier gunsmithing shops in Yavapai County, and the most well-respected CLASS-3 dealer in the entire Northern AZ area. Phil L, Stephen R, and Matt K have built LRK Mechanical. http://lrkmechanical.com/about-us/ What’s New: Check out what’s new at LRK. What have we built lately, what items have left the store recently, etc? We are always finishing new items and sending out customer builds. http://lrkmechanical.com/whats-new/ A sniper rifle is a high-precision rifle designed for sniper missions. It serves to fulfill the tactical need for long-range surveillance, effective anti-personnel and anti-materiel operations with high hit efficiency. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sniper_rifle Services: These are the services we offer here at LRK Mechanical. Pricing is in a “Starting At” Structure. In other words, all prices you see on our list are the Base Price of that particular service. http://lrkmechanical.com/services/ Gallery http://lrkmechanical.com/gallery/ Contact Us: We are a full-service custom shop in the Prescott AZ area. We do not have a retail showroom. Please call or email for an appointment to visit our shop. If you prefer to call, our phone number is: 928-776-6483 Contact us with any question, request for quotes on work, to make shop appointments. LEO and Government Agencies: LRK Mechanical Offers a $10% discount on labor for all individual Law Enforcement Officers. LRK Mechanical Offers the following services for Law Enforcement and Government Agencies. Competitive bidding on complete rifle builds to your specifications, NFA and Non-NFA firearms included We are a Type 07/02/ FFL/SOT and can provide any of those types of services Upgrades for your existing fleet or rifles (NFA and Non-NFA firearms included) Armorer maintenance and inspections http://lrkmechanical.com/leo-govt/ Testimonials: Confidence in Equipment allows for confidence in skills. Its important for me in a competition that I’m not shooting against any better rifle- that I’m shooting against fellow competitors and mostly against myself. I typically don’t think about the rifles that Phil Lebow (OF LRK Mechanical) builds for me until a competition is over and all things are packed up. It is then that I get extremely grateful for his tremendous talents and experience that leads to my amazing equipment. Range to range, state to state, his guns deliver exceptional accuracy with extreme consistency. –JOHNNY FISHER- TEAM CMP http://lrkmechanical.com/testimonials/ LRK FAQ: This where we try to save you time and answer all the usual questions customers ask. http://lrkmechanical.com/faq/ LRK On Social Media https://www.facebook.com/lrkmechanical/ https://www.facebook.com/pg/lrkmechanical/videos/?ref=page_internal https://www.instagram.com/lrkmech/ https://twitter.com/lrk_mech https://twitter.com/LRK_MECH/media https://www.linkedin.com/in/steve-ramsey-83a91968 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/299278337718523983/?lp=true #MossbergMVPLCLongRangeRifle #MVPRifleSUBHalfMOAAccuracyimprovement #LRKMechanicalCustomShop #MossbergMVPSubHalfMinuteGroupsReWork #LRKRugerPrecisionRiflePackage #RugerPrecisionRifleAccuracyImprovements #EconomyTacticalRifleBuilds #LRKLongRangeRifleCustomGunsmithing LRK Mechanical Precision Rifles LRK Ruger Precision Rifle Package Ruger Precision Rifle Accuracy Improvements Long Range Rifle Building Custom AK-47 Rifles Custom AK-74 Rifles Economy Tactical Rifle Builds Rare Firearm Gunsmithing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-19f3LOIrk&t=0s&index=3&list=PLXBBUWr_X7kklKVQPkpTfFDAemZfXtSZd http://feeds.feedburner.com/MvpRifleSub1/2MoaAccuracyImprovement-mossbergMvpLongRangeRifle-lrkMvpAccuracyGunsmiths

source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-19f3LOIrk from LRK Mechanical https://lrkmechanical.tumblr.com/post/178596576862

[lrkmechanical]

MVP Rifle SUB 1/2 MOA Accuracy Improvement-Mossberg MVP Long Range Rifle-LRK MVP Accuracy Gunsmiths

MVP Rifle SUB 1/2 MOA Accuracy Improvement-Mossberg MVP Long Range Rifle-LRK MVP Accuracy Gunsmiths https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-19f3LOIrk LRK Mechanical is a Full Service Custom Gunsmithing Shop,Full Service Custom Precision Rifle Shop,Tactical Rifle and Pistol Gunsmithing Shop Visit Our Website http://lrkmechanical.com/ Long range shooting is a collective term for shooting disciplines where the shooter has to engage targets at such long distances that he has to calculate ballistics, especially in regards to wind. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_range_shooting Relentless On Detail In Every Build And Service. Arizona’s Premiere NFA & Non-NFA Gunsmiths We can build MANY types of NFA items as well as handle all your Class-3 Transfer needs. Our office team can handle your ATF E-Fingerprinting here to speed up the process! We also offer NFA and Non-NFA work for L.E.O.’s, POLICE Depts, SHERIFF’S Depts and all Government Agencies. About Us: Many years ago, 3 friends in California made a decision to start a gunsmithing shop that would provide the highest level work, top level advice, and build products for guns that actually work and are worth every penny… They made a decision to start a shop with what they had, a shop that would stand out from the rest. Many years later, that idea has become one of the premier gunsmithing shops in Yavapai County, and the most well-respected CLASS-3 dealer in the entire Northern AZ area. Phil L, Stephen R, and Matt K have built LRK Mechanical. http://lrkmechanical.com/about-us/ What's New: Check out what's new at LRK. What have we built lately, what items have left the store recently, etc? We are always finishing new items and sending out customer builds. http://lrkmechanical.com/whats-new/ A sniper rifle is a high-precision rifle designed for sniper missions. It serves to fulfill the tactical need for long-range surveillance, effective anti-personnel and anti-materiel operations with high hit efficiency. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sniper_rifle Services: These are the services we offer here at LRK Mechanical. Pricing is in a “Starting At” Structure. In other words, all prices you see on our list are the Base Price of that particular service. http://lrkmechanical.com/services/ Gallery http://lrkmechanical.com/gallery/ Contact Us: We are a full-service custom shop in the Prescott AZ area. We do not have a retail showroom. Please call or email for an appointment to visit our shop. If you prefer to call, our phone number is: 928-776-6483 Contact us with any question, request for quotes on work, to make shop appointments. LEO and Government Agencies: LRK Mechanical Offers a $10% discount on labor for all individual Law Enforcement Officers. LRK Mechanical Offers the following services for Law Enforcement and Government Agencies. Competitive bidding on complete rifle builds to your specifications, NFA and Non-NFA firearms included We are a Type 07/02/ FFL/SOT and can provide any of those types of services Upgrades for your existing fleet or rifles (NFA and Non-NFA firearms included) Armorer maintenance and inspections http://lrkmechanical.com/leo-govt/ Testimonials: Confidence in Equipment allows for confidence in skills. Its important for me in a competition that I’m not shooting against any better rifle- that I’m shooting against fellow competitors and mostly against myself. I typically don’t think about the rifles that Phil Lebow (OF LRK Mechanical) builds for me until a competition is over and all things are packed up. It is then that I get extremely grateful for his tremendous talents and experience that leads to my amazing equipment. Range to range, state to state, his guns deliver exceptional accuracy with extreme consistency. –JOHNNY FISHER- TEAM CMP http://lrkmechanical.com/testimonials/ LRK FAQ: This where we try to save you time and answer all the usual questions customers ask. http://lrkmechanical.com/faq/ LRK On Social Media https://www.facebook.com/lrkmechanical/ https://www.facebook.com/pg/lrkmechanical/videos/?ref=page_internal https://www.instagram.com/lrkmech/ https://twitter.com/lrk_mech https://twitter.com/LRK_MECH/media https://www.linkedin.com/in/steve-ramsey-83a91968 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/299278337718523983/?lp=true #MossbergMVPLCLongRangeRifle #MVPRifleSUBHalfMOAAccuracyimprovement #LRKMechanicalCustomShop #MossbergMVPSubHalfMinuteGroupsReWork #LRKRugerPrecisionRiflePackage #RugerPrecisionRifleAccuracyImprovements #EconomyTacticalRifleBuilds #LRKLongRangeRifleCustomGunsmithing LRK Mechanical Precision Rifles LRK Ruger Precision Rifle Package Ruger Precision Rifle Accuracy Improvements Long Range Rifle Building Custom AK-47 Rifles Custom AK-74 Rifles Economy Tactical Rifle Builds Rare Firearm Gunsmithing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-19f3LOIrk&t=0s&index=3&list=PLXBBUWr_X7kklKVQPkpTfFDAemZfXtSZd http://feeds.feedburner.com/MvpRifleSub1/2MoaAccuracyImprovement-mossbergMvpLongRangeRifle-lrkMvpAccuracyGunsmiths

source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-19f3LOIrk

[hillcountrytimes]

D L Carlson Investment Group Raised Its Constellation Brands (STZ) Stake; Ak Steel Holding (AKS)’s Sentiment Is 1.32

D L Carlson Investment Group Inc increased Constellation Brands Inc. (STZ) stake by 22.34% reported in 2017Q2 SEC filing. D L Carlson Investment Group Inc acquired 5,005 shares as Constellation Brands Inc. (STZ)’s stock rose 13.40%. The D L Carlson Investment Group Inc holds 27,410 shares with $5.31M value, up from 22,405 last quarter. Constellation Brands Inc. now has $42.77B valuation. The stock increased 0.46% or $1.01 during the last trading session, reaching $218.6. About 1.08 million shares traded. Constellation Brands, Inc. (NYSE:STZ) has risen 17.20% since December 4, 2016 and is uptrending. It has outperformed by 0.50% the S&P500.

AK Steel Holding Corporation, through its subsidiary, AK Steel Corporation, produces flat-rolled carbon, stainless, and electrical steels and tubular products in the United States and internationally. The company has market cap of $1.54 billion. It produces flat-rolled carbon steel products, including coated, cold-rolled, and hot-rolled carbon steel products; specialty stainless and electrical steels in sheet and strip forms; and carbon and stainless steel that is finished into welded steel tubing. It has a 12.8 P/E ratio. The firm also buys and sells steel and steel products, and other materials; and produces metallurgical coal from reserves in Pennsylvania.

Ratings analysis reveals 36% of AK Steel’s analysts are positive. Out of 11 Wall Street analysts rating AK Steel, 4 give it “Buy”, 1 “Sell” rating, while 6 recommend “Hold”. The lowest target is $5.4 while the high is $8.0. The stock’s average target of $6.47 is 32.31% above today’s ($4.89) share price. AKS was included in 11 notes of analysts from August 19, 2016. The rating was initiated by Citigroup on Monday, August 22 with “Neutral”. Rosenblatt initiated it with “Buy” rating and $6.0 target in Monday, August 22 report. The firm has “Overweight” rating given on Monday, November 14 by Morgan Stanley. Deutsche Bank upgraded the stock to “Hold” rating in Monday, October 3 report. As per Thursday, January 12, the company rating was downgraded by Credit Suisse. Jefferies upgraded the shares of AKS in report on Friday, October 28 to “Buy” rating. The firm has “Neutral” rating given on Wednesday, January 25 by JP Morgan. Bank of America upgraded AK Steel Holding Corporation (NYSE:AKS) on Wednesday, October 26 to “Buy” rating. The firm has “Underweight” rating by KeyBanc Capital Markets given on Friday, August 19. The firm earned “Market Perform” rating on Wednesday, October 26 by Cowen & Co.

The stock increased 0.41% or $0.02 during the last trading session, reaching $4.89. About 19.78 million shares traded or 19.88% up from the average. AK Steel Holding Corporation (AKS) has risen 58.12% since December 4, 2016 and is uptrending. It has outperformed by 41.42% the S&P500.

Analysts await AK Steel Holding Corporation (NYSE:AKS) to report earnings on January, 23. They expect $-0.11 earnings per share, down 144.00% or $0.36 from last year’s $0.25 per share. After $0.02 actual earnings per share reported by AK Steel Holding Corporation for the previous quarter, Wall Street now forecasts -650.00% negative EPS growth.

Merriman Wealth Management Llc holds 5.51% of its portfolio in AK Steel Holding Corporation for 3.01 million shares. D.C. Capital Advisors Ltd owns 1.00 million shares or 4.55% of their US portfolio. Moreover, Bw Gestao De Investimentos Ltda. has 2.65% invested in the company for 1.50 million shares. The Massachusetts-based Copper Rock Capital Partners Llc has invested 2.07% in the stock. Marketfield Asset Management Llc, a New York-based fund reported 711,482 shares.

D L Carlson Investment Group Inc decreased Bunge Ltd (NYSE:BG) stake by 24,004 shares to 35,334 valued at $2.64 million in 2017Q2. It also reduced Cyrusone Inc. (NASDAQ:CONE) stake by 10,356 shares and now owns 41,004 shares. Adobe Systems (NASDAQ:ADBE) was reduced too.

The post D L Carlson Investment Group Raised Its Constellation Brands (STZ) Stake; Ak Steel Holding (AKS)’s Sentiment Is 1.32 appeared first on Stock Market News | HillCountryTimes | Get it Today.

from Stock Market News | HillCountryTimes | Get it Today https://www.hillcountrytimes.com/2017/12/04/d-l-carlson-investment-group-raised-its-constellation-brands-stz-stake-ak-steel-holding-akss-sentiment-is-1-32/

[caremobile]

Philippine Mining Act

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7942        March 3, 1995

AN ACT INSTITUTING A NEW SYSTEM OF MINERAL RESOURCES EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, UTILIZATION, AND CONSERVATION

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS

Section 1 Title

This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Mining Act of 1995."

Section 2 Declaration of Policy

All mineral resources in public and private lands within the territory and exclusive economic zone of the Republic of the Philippines are owned by the State. It shall be the responsibility of the State to promote their rational exploration, development, utilization and conservation through the combined efforts of government and the private sector in order to enhance national growth in a way that effectively safeguards the environment and protect the rights of affected communities.

Section 3 Definition of Terms

As used in and for purposes of this Act, the following terms, whether in singular or plural, shall mean:

a. Ancestral lands refers to all lands exclusively and actually possessed, occupied, or utilized by indigenous cultural communities by themselves or through their ancestors in accordance with their customs and traditions since time immemorial, and as may be defined and delineated by law.

b. Block or meridional block means an area bounded by one-half (1/2) minute of latitude and one-half (1/2) minute of longitude, containing approximately eighty-one hectares (81 has.).

c. Bureau means the Mines and Geosciences Bureau under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

d. Carrying capacity refers to the capacity of natural and human environments to accommodate and absorb change without experiencing conditions of instability and attendant degradation.

e. Contiguous zone refers to water, sea bottom and substratum measured twenty-four nautical miles (24 n.m.) seaward from the base line of the Philippine archipelago.

f. Contract area means land or body of water delineated for purposes of exploration, development, or utilization of the minerals found therein.

g. Contractor means a qualified person acting alone or in consortium who is a party to a mineral agreement or to a financial or technical assistance agreement.

h. Co-production agreement (CA) means an agreement entered into between the Government and one or more contractors in accordance with Section 26(b) hereof.

i. Department means the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

j. Development means the work undertaken to explore and prepare an ore body or a mineral deposit for mining, including the construction of necessary infrastructure and related facilities.

k. Director means the Director of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau.

l. Ecological profile or eco-profile refers to geographic-based instruments for planners and decision-makers which presents an evaluation of the environmental quality and carrying capacity of an area.

m. Environmental compliance certificate (ECC) refers to the document issued by the government agency concerned certifying that the project under consideration will not bring about an unacceptable environmental impact and that the proponent has complied with the requirements of the environmental impact statement system.

n. Environmental impact statement (EIS) is the document which aims to identify, predict, interpret, and communicate information regarding changes in environmental quality associated with a proposed project and which examines the range of alternatives for the objectives of the proposal and their impact on the environment.

o. Exclusive economic zone means the water, sea bottom and subsurface measured from the baseline of the Philippine archipelago up to two hundred nautical miles (200 n.m.) offshore.

p. Existing mining/quarrying right means a valid and subsisting mining claim or permit or quarry permit or any mining lease contract or agreement covering a mineralized area granted/issued under pertinent mining laws.

q. Exploration means the searching or prospecting for mineral resources by geological, geochemical or geophysical surveys, remote sensing, test pitting, trenching, drilling, shaft sinking, tunneling or any other means for the purpose of determining the existence, extent, quantity and quality thereof and the feasibility of mining them for profit.

r. Financial or technical assistance agreement means a contract involving financial or technical assistance for large-scale exploration, development, and utilization of mineral resources.

s. Force majeure means acts or circumstances beyond the reasonable control of contractor including, but not limited to, war, rebellion, insurrection, riots, civil disturbance, blockade, sabotage, embargo, strike, lockout, any dispute with surface owners and other labor disputes, epidemic, earthquake, storm, flood or other adverse weather conditions, explosion, fire, adverse action by government or by any instrumentality or subdivision thereof, act of God or any public enemy and any cause that herein describe over which the affected party has no reasonable control.

t. Foreign-owned corporation means any corporation, partnership, association, or cooperative duly registered in accordance with law in which less than fifty per centum (50%) of the capital is owned by Filipino citizens.

u. Government means the government of the Republic of the Philippines.

v. Gross output means the actual market value of minerals or mineral products from its mining area as defined in the National Internal Revenue Code.

w. Indigenous cultural community means a group or tribe of indigenous Filipinos who have continuously lived as communities on communally-bounded and defined land since time immemorial and have succeeded in preserving, maintaining, and sharing common bonds of languages, customs, traditions, and other distinctive cultural traits, and as may be defined and delineated by law.

x. Joint venture agreement (JVA) means an agreement entered into between the Government and one or more contractors in accordance with Section 26(c) hereof.

y. Mineral processing means the milling, beneficiation or upgrading of ores or minerals and rocks or by similar means to convert the same into marketable products.

z. Mine wastes and tailings shall mean soil and rock materials from surface or underground mining and milling operations with no economic value to the generator of the same.

aa. Minerals refers to all naturally occurring inorganic substance in solid, gas, liquid, or any intermediate state excluding energy materials such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, radioactive materials, and geothermal energy.

ab. Mineral agreement means a contract between the government and a contractor, involving mineral production-sharing agreement, co-production agreement, or joint-venture agreement.

ac. Mineral land means any area where mineral resources are found.

ad. Mineral resource means any concentration of minerals/rocks with potential economic value.

ae. Mining area means a portion of the contract area identified by the contractor for purposes of development, mining, utilization, and sites for support facilities or in the immediate vicinity of the mining operations.

af. Mining operation means mining activities involving exploration, feasibility, development, utilization, and processing.

ag. Non-governmental organization (NGO) includes nonstock, nonprofit organizations involved in activities dealing with resource and environmental conservation, management and protection.

ah. Net assets refers to the property, plant and equipment as reflected in the audited financial statement of the contractor net of depreciation, as computed for tax purposes, excluding appraisal increase and construction in progress.

ai. Offshore means the water, sea bottom and subsurface from the shore or coastline reckoned from the mean low tide level up to the two hundred nautical miles (200 n.m.) exclusive economic zone including the archipelagic sea and contiguous zone.

aj. Onshore means the landward side from the mean tide elevation, including submerged lands in lakes, rivers and creeks.

ak. Ore means a naturally occurring substance or material from which a mineral or element can be mined and/or processed for profit.

al. Permittee means the holder of an exploration permit.

am. Pollution control and infrastructure devices refers to infrastructure, machinery, equipment and/or improvements used for impounding, treating or neutralizing, precipitating, filtering, conveying and cleansing mine industrial waste and tailings as well as eliminating or reducing hazardous effects of solid particles, chemicals, liquids or other harmful byproducts and gases emitted from any facility utilized in mining operations for their disposal.

an. President means the President of the Republic of the Philippines.

ao. Private land refers to any land belonging to any private person which includes alienable and disposable land being claimed by a holder, claimant, or occupant who has already acquired a vested right thereto under the law, although the corresponding certificate or evidence of title or patent has not been actually issued.

ap. Public land refers to lands of the public domain which have been classified as agricultural lands and subject to management and disposition or concession under existing laws.

aq. Qualified person means any citizen of the Philippines with capacity to contract, or a corporation, partnership, association, or cooperative organized or authorized for the purpose of engaging in miring, with technical and financial capability to undertake mineral resources development and duly registered in accordance with law at least sixty per centum (60%) of the capital of which is owned by citizens of the Philippines: Provided, That a legally organized foreign-owned corporation shall be deemed a qualified person for purposes of granting an exploration permit, financial or technical assistance agreement or mineral processing permit.

ar. Quarrying means the process of extracting, removing and disposing quarry resources found on or underneath the surface of private or public land.

as. Quarry permit means a document granted to a qualified person for the extraction and utilization of quarry resources on public or private lands.

at. Quarry resources refers to any common rock or other mineral substances as the Director of Mines and Geosciences Bureau may declare to be quarry resources such as, but not limited to, andesite, basalt, conglomerate, coral sand, diatomaceous earth, diorite, decorative stones, gabbro, granite, limestone, marble, marl, red burning clays for potteries and bricks, rhyolite, rock phosphate, sandstone, serpentine, shale, tuff, volcanic cinders, and volcanic glass: Provided, That such quarry resources do not contain metals or metallic constituents and/or other valuable minerals in economically workable quantities: Provided, further, That non-metallic minerals such as kaolin, feldspar, bull quartz, quartz or silica, sand and pebbles, bentonite, talc, asbestos, barite, gypsum, bauxite, magnesite, dolomite, mica, precious and semi-precious stones, and other non-metallic minerals that may later be discovered and which the: Director declares the same to be of economically workable quantities, shall not be classified under the category of quarry resources.

au. Regional director means the regional director of any mines regional office under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

av. Regional office means any of the mines regional offices of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

aw. Secretary means the Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

ax. Special allowance refers to payment to the claim-owners or surface right-owners particularly during the transition period from Presidential Decree No. 463 and Executive Order No. 279, series of 1987.

ay. State means the Republic of the Philippines.

az. Utilization means the extraction or disposition of minerals.

CHAPTER II GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT

Section 4 Ownership of Mineral Resources

Mineral resources are owned by the State and the exploration, development, utilization, and processing thereof shall be under its full control and supervision. The State may directly undertake such activities or it may enter into mineral agreements with contractors.

The State shall recognize and protect the rights of the indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands as provided for by the Constitution.

Section 5 Mineral Reservations

When the national interest so requires, such as when there is a need to preserve strategic raw materials for industries critical to national development, or certain minerals for scientific, cultural or ecological value, the President may establish mineral reservations upon the recommendation of the Director through the Secretary. Mining operations in existing mineral reservations and such other reservations as may thereafter be established, shall be undertaken by the Department or through a contractor: Provided, That a small scale-mining cooperative covered by Republic Act No. 7076 shall be given preferential right to apply for a small-scale mining agreement for a maximum aggregate area of twenty-five percent (25%) of such mineral reservation, subject to valid existing mining/quarrying rights as provided under Section 112 Chapter XX hereof. All submerged lands within the contiguous zone and in the exclusive economic zone of the Philippines are hereby declared to be mineral reservations.

A ten per centum (10%) share of all royalties and revenues to be derived by the government from the development and utilization of the mineral resources within mineral reservations as provided under this Act shall accrue to the Mines and Geosciences Bureau to be allotted for special projects and other administrative expenses related to the exploration and development of other mineral reservations mentioned in Section 6 hereof.

Section 6 Other Reservations

Mining operations in reserved lands other than mineral reservations may be undertaken by the Department, subject to limitations as herein provided. In the event that the Department cannot undertake such activities, they may be undertaken by a qualified person in accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the Secretary. The right to develop and utilize the minerals found therein shall be awarded by the President under such terms and conditions as recommended by the Director and approved by the Secretary: Provided, That the party who undertook the exploration of said reservation shall be given priority. The mineral land so awarded shall be automatically excluded from the reservation during the term of the agreement: Provided, further, That the right of the lessee of a valid mining contract existing within the reservation at the time of its establishment shall not be prejudiced or impaired.

Section 7 Periodic Review of Existing Mineral Reservations

The Secretary shall periodically review existing mineral reservations for the purpose of determining whether their continued existence is consistent with the national interest, and upon his recommendation, the President may, by proclamation, alter or modify the boundaries thereof or revert the same to the public domain without prejudice to prior existing rights.

Section 8 Authority of the Department

The Department shall be the primary government agency responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the State's mineral resources including those in reservations, watershed areas, and lands of the public domain. The Secretary shall have the authority to enter into mineral agreements on behalf of the Government upon the recommendation of the Director, promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to implement the intent and provisions of this Act.

Section 9 Authority of the Bureau

The Bureau shall have direct charge in the administration and disposition of mineral lands and mineral resources and shall undertake geological, mining, metallurgical, chemical, and other researches as well as geological and mineral exploration surveys. The Director shall recommend to the Secretary the granting of mineral agreements to duly qualified persons and shall monitor the compliance by the contractor of the terms and conditions of the mineral agreements. The Bureau may confiscate surety, performance and guaranty bonds posted through an order to be promulgated by the Director. The Director may deputize, when necessary, any member or unit of the Philippine National Police, barangay, duly registered non-governmental organization (NGO) or any qualified person to police all mining activities.

Section 10 Regional Offices

There shall be as many regional offices in the country as may be established by the Secretary, upon the recommendation of the Director.

Section 11 Processing of Applications

The system of processing applications for mining rights shall be prescribed in the rules and regulations of this Act.

Section 12 Survey, Charting and Delineation of Mining Areas

A sketch plan or map of the contract or mining area prepared by a deputized geodetic engineer suitable for publication purposes shall be required during the filing of a mineral agreement or financial or technical assistance agreement application. Thereafter, the contract or mining area shall be surveyed and monumented by a deputized geodetic engineer or bureau geodetic engineer and the survey plan shall be approved by the Director before the approval of the mining feasibility.

Section 13 Meridional Blocks

For purposes of the delineation of the contract or mining areas under this Act, the Philippine territory and its exclusive economic zone shall be divided into meridional blocks of one-half (1/2) minute of latitude and one-half (1/2) minute of longitude.

Section 14 Recording System

There shall be established a national and regional filing and recording system. A mineral resource database system shall be set up in the Bureau which shall include, among others, a mineral rights management system. The Bureau shall publish at least annually, a mineral gazette of nationwide circulation containing among others, a current list of mineral rights, their location in the map, mining rules and regulations, other official acts affecting mining, and other information relevant to mineral resources development. A system and publication fund shall be included in the regular budget of the Bureau.

CHAPTER III SCOPE OF APPLICATION

Section 15 Scope of Application

This Act shall govern the exploration, development, utilization and processing of all mineral resources.

Section 16 Opening of Ancestral Lands for Mining Operations

No ancestral land shall be opened for mining-operations without prior consent of the indigenous cultural community concerned.

Section 17 Royalty Payments for Indigenous Cultural Communities

In the event of an agreement with an indigenous cultural community pursuant to the preceding section, the royalty payment, upon utilization of the minerals shall be agreed upon by the parties. The said royalty shall form part of a trust fund for the socioeconomic well-being of the indigenous cultural community.

Section 18 Areas Open to Mining Operations

Subject to any existing rights or reservations and prior agreements of all parties, all mineral resources in public or private lands, including timber or forestlands as defined in existing laws, shall be open to mineral agreements or financial or technical assistance agreement applications. Any conflict that may arise under this provision shall be heard and resolved by the panel of arbitrators.

Section 19 Areas Closed to Mining Applications

Mineral agreement or financial or technical assistance agreement applications shall not be allowed:

a. In military and other government reservations, except upon prior written clearance by the government agency concerned;

b. Near or under public or private buildings, cemeteries, archeological and historic sites, bridges, highways, waterways, railroads, reservoirs, dams or other infrastructure projects, public or private works including plantations or valuable crops, except upon written consent of the government agency or private entity concerned;

c. In areas covered by valid and existing mining rights;

d. In areas expressedly prohibited by law;

e. In areas covered by small-scale miners as defined by law unless with prior consent of the small-scale miners, in which case a royalty payment upon the utilization of minerals shall be agreed upon by the parties, said royalty forming a trust fund for the socioeconomic development of the community concerned; and

f. Old growth or virgin forests, proclaimed watershed forest reserves, wilderness areas, mangrove forests, mossy forests, national parks provincial/municipal forests, parks, greenbelts, game refuge and bird sanctuaries as defined by law and in areas expressly prohibited under the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) under Republic Act No. 7586, Department Administrative Order No. 25, series of 1992 and other laws.

CHAPTER IV EXPLORATION PERMIT

Section 20 Exploration Permit

An exploration permit grants the right to conduct exploration for all minerals in specified areas. The Bureau shall have the authority to grant an exploration Permit to a qualified person.

Section 21 Terms and Conditions of the Exploration Permit

An exploration permit shall be for a period of two (2) years, subject to annual review and relinquishment or renewal upon the recommendation of the Director.

Section 22 Maximum Areas for Exploration Permit

The maximum area that a qualified person may hold at any one time shall be:

a. Onshore, in any one province

1. for individuals, twenty (20) blocks: and

2. for partnerships, corporations, cooperatives, or associations, two hundred (200) blocks.

b. Onshore, in the entire Philippines

1. for individuals, forty (40) blocks; and

2. for partnerships, corporations, cooperatives, or associations, four hundred (400) blocks.

c. Offshore, beyond five hundred meters (500m) from the mean low tide level:

1. for individuals, one hundred (100) blocks; and

2. for partnerships, corporations, cooperatives, or associations, one thousand (1,000) blocks.

Section 23 Rights and Obligations of the Permittee

An exploration permit shall grant to the permittee, his heirs or successors-in-interest, the right to enter, occupy and explore the area: Provided, That if private or other parties are affected, the permittee shall first discuss with the said parties the extent, necessity, and manner of his entry, occupation and exploration and in case of disagreement, a panel of arbitrators shall resolve the conflict or disagreement.

The permittee shall undertake an exploration work on the area as specified by its permit based on an approved work program.

Any expenditure in excess of the yearly budget of the approved work program may be carried forward and credited to the succeeding years covering the duration of the permit. The Secretary, through the Director, shall promulgate rules and regulations governing the terms and conditions of the permit.

The permittee may apply for a mineral production sharing agreement, joint venture agreement, co-production agreement or financial or technical assistance agreement over the permit area, which application shall be granted if the permittee meets the necessary qualifications and the terms and conditions of any such agreement: Provided, That the exploration period covered by the exploration permit shall be included as part of the exploration period of the mineral agreement or financial or technical assistance agreement.

Section 24 Declaration of Mining Project Feasibility

A holder of an exploration permit who determines the commercial viability of a project covering a mining area may, within the term of the permit, file with the Bureau a declaration of mining project feasibility accompanied by a work program for development. The approval of the mining project feasibility and compliance with other requirements provided in this Act shall entitle the holder to an exclusive right to a mineral production sharing agreement or other mineral agreements or financial or technical assistance agreement.

Section 25 Transfer or Assignment

An exploration permit may be transferred or assigned to a qualified person subject to the approval of the Secretary upon the recommendation of the Director.

CHAPTER V MINERAL AGREEMENTS

Section 26 Modes of Mineral Agreement

For purposes of mining operations, a mineral agreement may take the following forms as herein defined:

a. Mineral production sharing agreement is an agreement where the Government grants to the contractor the exclusive right to conduct mining operations within a contract area and shares in the gross output. The contractor shall provide the financing, technology, management and personnel necessary for the implementation of this agreement.

b. Co-production agreement is an agreement between the Government and the contractor wherein the Government shall provide inputs to the mining operations other than the mineral resource.

c. Joint venture agreement is an agreement where a joint-venture company is organized by the Government and the contractor with both parties having equity shares. Aside from earnings in equity, the Government shall be entitled to a share in the gross output.

A mineral agreement shall grant to the contractor the exclusive right to conduct mining operations and to extract all mineral resources found in the contract area. In addition, the contractor may be allowed to convert his agreement into any of the modes of mineral agreements or financial or technical assistance agreement covering the remaining period of the original agreement subject to the approval of the Secretary.

Section 27 Eligibility

A qualified person may enter into any of the three (3) modes of mineral agreement with the government for the exploration, development and utilization of mineral resources: Provided, That in case the applicant has been in the mining industry for any length of time, he should possess a satisfactory environmental track record as determined by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau and in consultation with the Environmental Management Bureau of the Department.

Section 28 Maximum Areas for Mineral Agreement

The maximum area that a qualified person may hold at any time under a mineral agreement shall be:

a. Onshore, in any one province

1. for individuals, ten (10) blocks; and

2. for partnerships, cooperatives, associations, or corporations, one hundred (100) blocks.

b. Onshore, in the entire Philippines

1. for individuals, twenty (20) blocks; and

2. for partnerships, cooperatives, associations, or corporations, two hundred (200) blocks.

c. Offshore, in the entire Philippines

1. for individuals fifty (50) blocks;

2. for partnerships, cooperatives, associations, or corporations, five hundred (500) blocks; and

3. for the exclusive economic zone, a larger area to be determined by the Secretary.

The maximum areas mentioned above that a contractor may hold under a mineral agreement shall not include mining/quarry areas under operating agreements between the contractor and a claimowner/lessee/permittee/licensee entered into under Presidential Decree No. 463.

Section 29 Filing and Approval of Mineral Agreements

All proposed mineral agreements shall be filed in the region where the areas of interest are located, except in mineral reservations which shall be filed with the Bureau.

The filing of a proposal for a mineral agreement shall give the proponent the prior right to areas covered by the same. The proposed mineral agreement will be approved by the Secretary and copies thereof shall be submitted to the President. Thereafter, the President shall provide a list to Congress of every approved mineral agreement within thirty (30) days from its approval by the Secretary.

Section 30 Assignment/Transfer

Any assignment or transfer of rights and obligations under any mineral agreement except a financial or technical assistance agreement shall be subject to the prior approval of the Secretary. Such assignment or transfer shall be deemed automatically approved if not acted upon by the Secretary within thirty (30) working days from official receipt thereof, unless patently unconstitutional or illegal.

Section 31 Withdrawal from Mineral Agreements

The contractor may, by giving due notice at any time during the term of the agreement, apply for the cancellation of the mineral agreement due to causes which, in the opinion of the contractor, make continued mining operations no longer feasible or viable. The Secretary shall consider the notice and issue its decision within a period of thirty (30) days: Provided, That the contractor has met all its financial, fiscal and legal obligations.

Section 32 Terms

Mineral agreements shall have a term not exceeding twenty-five (25) years to start from the date of execution thereof, and renewable for another term not exceeding twenty-five (25) years under the same terms and conditions thereof, without prejudice to changes mutually agreed upon by the parties. After the renewal period, the operation of the mine may be undertaken by the Government or through a contractor. The contract for the operation of a mine shall be awarded to the highest bidder in a public bidding after due publication of the notice thereof: Provided, That the contractor shall have the right to equal the highest bid upon reimbursement of all reasonable expenses of the highest bidder.

CHAPTER VI FINANCIAL OR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AGREEMENT

Section 33 Eligibility

Any qualified person with technical and financial capability to undertake large-scale exploration, development, and utilization of mineral resources in the Philippines may enter into a financial or technical assistance agreement directly with the Government through the Department.

Section 34 Maximum Contract Area

The maximum contract area that may be granted per qualified person, subject to relinquishment shall be:

a. 1,000 meridional blocks onshore;

b. 4,000 meridional blocks offshore; or

c. Combinations of a and b provided that it shall not exceed the maximum limits for onshore and offshore areas.

Section 35 Terms and Conditions

The following terms, conditions, and warranties shall be incorporated in the financial or technical assistance agreement, to wit:

a. A firm commitment in the form of a sworn statement, of an amount corresponding to the expenditure obligation that will be invested in the contract area: Provided, That such amount shall be subject to changes as may be provided for in the rules and regulations of this Act;

b. A financial guarantee bond shall be posted in favor of the Government in an amount equivalent to the expenditure obligation of the applicant for any year;

c. Submission of proof of technical competence, such as, but not limited to, its track record in mineral resource exploration, development, and utilization; details of technology to be employed in the proposed operation; and details of technical personnel to undertake the operation;

d. Representations and warranties that the applicant has all the qualifications and none of the disqualifications for entering into the agreement;

e. Representations and warranties that the contractor has or has access to all the financing, managerial and technical expertise and, if circumstances demand, the technology required to promptly and effectively carry out the objectives of the agreement with the understanding to timely deploy these resources under its supervision pursuant to the periodic work programs and related budgets, when proper, providing an exploration period up to two (2) years, extendible for another two (2) years but subject to annual review by the Secretary in accordance with the implementing rules and regulations of this Act, and further, subject to the relinquishment obligations;

f. Representations and warranties that, except for payments for dispositions for its equity, foreign investments in local enterprises which are qualified for repatriation, and local supplier's credits and such other generally accepted and permissible financial schemes for raising funds for valid business purposes, the contractor shall not raise any form of financing from domestic sources of funds, whether in Philippine or foreign currency, for conducting its mining operations for and in the contract area;

g. The mining operations shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Act and its implementing rules and regulations;

h. Work programs and minimum expenditures commitments;

i. Preferential use of local goods and services to the maximum extent practicable;

j. A stipulation that the contractors are obligated to give preference to Filipinos in all types of mining employment for which they are qualified and that technology shall be transferred to the same;

k. Requiring the proponent to effectively use appropriate anti-pollution technology and facilities to protect the environment and to restore or rehabilitate mined out areas and other areas affected by mine tailings and other forms of pollution or destruction;

l. The contractors shall furnish the Government records of geologic, accounting, and other relevant data for its mining operations, and that book of accounts and records shall be open for inspection by the government;

m. Requiring the proponent to dispose of the minerals and byproducts produced under a financial or technical assistance agreement at the highest price and more advantageous terms and conditions as provided for under the rules and regulations of this Act;

n. Provide for consultation and arbitration with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the terms and conditions of the agreements; and

o. Such other terms and conditions consistent with the Constitution and with this Act as the Secretary may deem to be for the best interest of the State and the welfare of the Filipino people.

Section 36 Negotiations

A financial or technical assistance agreement shall be negotiated by the Department and executed and approved by the President. The President shall notify Congress of all financial or technical assistance agreements within thirty (30) days from execution and approval thereof.

Section 37 Filing and Evaluation of Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement Proposals

All financial or technical assistance agreement proposals shall be filed with the Bureau after payment of the required processing fees. If the proposal is found to be sufficient and meritorious in form and substance after evaluation, it shall be recorded with the appropriate government agency to give the proponent the prior right to the area covered by such proposal: Provided, That existing mineral agreements, financial or technical assistance agreements and other mining rights are not impaired or prejudiced thereby. The Secretary shall recommend its approval to the President.

Section 38 Term of Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement

A financial or technical assistance agreement shall have a term not exceeding twenty-five (25) years to start from the execution thereof, renewable for not more than twenty-five (25) years under such terms and conditions as may be provided by law.

Section 39 Option to Convert into a Mineral Agreement

The contractor has the option to convert the financial or technical assistance agreement to a mineral agreement at any time during the term of the agreement, if the economic viability of the contract area is found to be inadequate to justify large-scale mining operations, after proper notice to the Secretary as provided for under the implementing rules and regulations: Provided, That the mineral agreement shall only be for the remaining period of the original agreement.

In the case of a foreign contractor, it shall reduce its equity to forty percent (40%) in the corporation, partnership, association, or cooperative. Upon compliance with this requirement by the contractor, the Secretary shall approve the conversion and execute the mineral production-sharing agreement.

Section 40 Assignment/Transfer

A financial or technical assistance agreement may be assigned or transferred, in whole or in part, to a qualified person subject to the prior approval of the President: Provided, That the President shall notify Congress of every financial or technical assistance agreement assigned or converted in accordance with this provision within thirty (30) days from the date of the approval thereof.

Section 41 Withdrawal from Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement

The contractor shall manifest in writing to the Secretary his intention to withdraw from the agreement, if in his judgment the mining project is no longer economically feasible, even after he has exerted reasonable diligence to remedy the cause or the situation. The Secretary may accept the withdrawal: Provided, That the contractor has complied or satisfied all his financial, fiscal or legal obligations.

CHAPTER VII SMALL-SCALE MINING

Section 42 Small-scale Mining

Small-scale mining shall continue to be governed by Republic Act No. 7076 and other pertinent laws.

CHAPTER VIII QUARRY RESOURCES

Section 43 Quarry Permit

Any qualified person may apply to the provincial/city mining regulatory board for a quarry permit on privately-owned lands and/or public lands for building and construction materials such as marble, basalt, andesite, conglomerate, tuff, adobe, granite, gabbro, serpentine, inset filling materials, clay for ceramic tiles and building bricks, pumice, perlite and other similar materials that are extracted by quarrying from the ground. The provincial governor shall grant the permit after the applicant has complied with all the requirements as prescribed by the rules and regulations.

The maximum area which a qualified person may hold at any one time shall be five hectares (5 has.): Provided, That in large-scale quarry operations involving cement raw materials, marble, granite, sand and gravel and construction aggregates, a qualified person and the government may enter into a mineral agreement as defined herein.

A quarry permit shall have a term of five (5) years, renewable for like periods but not to exceed a total term of twenty-five (25) years. No quarry permit shall be issued or granted on any area covered by a mineral agreement or financial or technical assistance agreement.

Section 44 Quarry Fee and Taxes

A permittee shall, during the term of his permit, pay a quarry fee as provided for under the implementing rules and regulations. The permittee shall also pay the excise tax as provided by pertinent laws.

Section 45 Cancellation of Quarry Permit

A quarry permit may be cancelled by the provincial governor for violations of the provisions of this Act or its implementing rules and regulations or the terms and conditions of said permit: Provided, That before the cancellation of such permit, the holder thereof shall be given the opportunity to be heard in an investigation conducted for the purpose.

Section 46 Commercial Sand and Gravel Permit

Any qualified person may be granted a permit by the provincial governor to extract and remove sand and gravel or other loose or unconsolidated materials which are used in their natural state, without undergoing processing from an area of not more than five hectares (5 has.) and in such quantities as may be specified in the permit.

Section 47 Industrial Sand and Gravel Permit

Any qualified person may be granted an industrial sand and gravel permit by the Bureau for the extraction of sand and gravel and other loose or unconsolidated materials that necessitate the use of mechanical processing covering an area of more than five hectares (5 has.) at any one time. The permit shall have a term of five (5) years, renewable for a like period but not to exceed a total term of twenty-five (25) years.

Section 48 Exclusive Sand and Gravel Permit

Any qualified person may be granted an exclusive sand and gravel permit by the provincial governor to quarry and utilize sand and gravel or other loose or unconsolidated materials from public lands for his own use, provided that there will be no commercial disposition thereof.

A mineral agreement or a financial technical assistance agreement contractor shall, however, have the right to extract and remove sand and gravel and other loose unconsolidated materials without need of a permit within the area covered by the mining agreement for the exclusive use in the mining operations: Provided, That monthly reports of the quantity of materials extracted therefrom shall be submitted to the mines regional office concerned: Provided, further, That said right shall be coterminous with the expiration of the agreement.

Holders of existing mining leases shall likewise have the same rights as that of a contractor: Provided, That said right shall be coterminous with the expiry dates of the lease.

Section 49 Government Gratuitous Permit

Any government entity or instrumentality may be granted a gratuitous permit by the provincial governor to extract sand and gravel, quarry or loose unconsolidated materials needed in the construction of building and/or infrastructure for public use or other purposes over an area of not more than two hectares (2 has.) for a period coterminous with said construction.

Section 50 Private Gratuitous Permit

Any owner of land may be granted a private gratuitous permit by the provincial governor.

Section 51 Guano Permit

Any qualified person may be granted a guano permit by the provincial governor to extract and utilize loose unconsolidated guano and other organic fertilizer materials in any portion of a municipality where he has established domicile. The permit shall be for specific caves and/or for confined sites with locations verified by the Department's field officer in accordance with existing rules and regulations.

Section 52 Gemstone Gathering Permit

Any qualified person may be granted a non-exclusive gemstone gathering permit by the provincial governor to gather loose stones useful as gemstones in rivers and other locations.

CHAPTER IX TRANSPORT, SALE AND PROCESSING OF MINERALS

Section 53 Ore Transport Permit

A permit specifying the origin and quantity of non-processed mineral ores or minerals shall be required for their transport. Transport permits shall be issued by the mines regional director who has jurisdiction over the area where the ores were extracted. In the case of mineral ores or minerals being transported from the small-scale mining areas to the custom mills or processing plants, the Provincial Mining Regulatory Board (PMRB) concerned shall formulate their own policies to govern such transport of ores produced by small-scale miners. The absence of a permit shall be considered as prima facie evidence of illegal mining and shall be sufficient cause for the Government to confiscate the ores or minerals being transported, the tools and equipment utilized, and the vehicle containing the same. Ore samples not exceeding two metric tons (2 m.t.) to be used exclusively for assay or pilot test purposes shall be exempted from such requirement.

Section 54 Mineral Trading Registration

No person shall engage in the trading of mineral products, either locally or internationally, unless registered with the Department of Trade and Industry and accredited by the Department, with a copy of said registration submitted to the Bureau.

Section 55 Minerals Processing Permit

No person shall engage in the processing of minerals without first securing a minerals processing permit from the Secretary. Minerals processing permit shall be for a period of five (5) years renewable for like periods but not to exceed a total term of twenty-five (25) years. In the case of mineral ores or minerals produced by the small-scale miners, the processing thereof as well as the licensing of their custom mills, or processing plants shall continue to be governed by the provisions of Republic Act No. 7076.

Section 56 Eligibility of Foreign-owned/-controlled Corporation

A foreign-owned/-controlled corporation may be granted a mineral processing permit.

CHAPTER X DEVELOPMENT OF MINING COMMUNITIES, SCIENCE AND MINING TECHNOLOGY

Section 57 Expenditure for Community Development and Science and Mining Technology

A contractor shall assist in the development of its mining community, the promotion of the general welfare of its inhabitants, and the development of science and mining technology.

Section 58 Credited Activities

Activities that may be credited as expenditures for development of mining communities, and science and mining technology are the following:

a. Any activity or expenditure intended to enhance the development of the mining and neighboring communities of a mining operation other than those required or provided for under existing laws, or collective bargaining agreements, and the like; and

b. Any activity or expenditure directed towards the development of geosciences and mining technology such as, but not limited to, institutional and manpower development, and basic and applied researches. Appropriate supervision and control mechanisms shall be prescribed in the implementing rules and regulations of this Act.

Section 59 Training and Development

A contractor shall maintain an effective program of manpower training and development throughout the term of the mineral agreement and shall encourage and train Filipinos to participate in all aspects of the mining operations, including the management thereof. For highly-technical and specialized mining operations, the contractor may, subject to the necessary government clearances, employ qualified foreigners.

Section 60 Use of Indigenous Goods, Services and Technologies

A contractor shall give preference to the use of local goods, services and scientific and technical resources in the mining operations, where the same are of equivalent quality, and are available on equivalent terms as their imported counterparts.

Section 61 Donations/Turn Over of Facilities

Prior to cessation of mining operations occasioned by abandonment or withdrawal of operations, on public lands by the contractor, the latter shall have a period of one (1) year therefrom within which to remove his improvements; otherwise, all the social infrastructure and facilities shall be turned over or donated tax-free to the proper government authorities, national or local, to ensure that said infrastructure and facilities are continuously maintained and utilized by the host and neighboring communities.

Section 62 Employment of Filipinos

A contractor shall give preference to Filipino citizens in all types of mining employment within the country insofar as such citizens are qualified to perform the corresponding work with reasonable efficiency and without hazard to the safety of the operations. The contractor, however, shall not be hindered from hiring employees of his own selection, subject to the provisions of Commonwealth Act No. 613, as amended, for technical and specialized work which, in his judgment and with the approval of the Director, requires highly-specialized training or long experience in exploration, development or utilization of mineral resources: Provided, That in no case shall each employment exceed five (5) years or the payback period as represented in original project study, whichever is longer: Provided, further, That each foreigner employed as mine manager, vice-president for operations or in an equivalent managerial position in charge of mining, milling, quarrying or drilling operation shall:

a. Present evidence of his qualification and work experience; or

b. Shall pass the appropriate government licensure examination; or

c. In special cases, may be permitted to work by the Director for a period not exceeding one (1) year: Provided, however, That if reciprocal privileges are extended to Filipino nationals in the country of domicile, the Director may grant waivers or exemptions.

CHAPTER XI SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Section 63 Mines Safety and Environmental Protection

All contractors and permittees shall strictly comply with all the mines safety rules and regulations as may be promulgated by the Secretary concerning the safe and sanitary upkeep of the mining operations and achieve waste-free and efficient mine development. Personnel of the Department involved in the implementation of mines safety, health and environmental rules and regulations shall be covered under Republic Act No. 7305.

Section 64 Mine Labor

No person under sixteen (16) years of age shall be employed in any phase of mining operations and no person under eighteen (18) years of age shall be employed underground in a mine.

Section 65 Mine Supervision

All mining and quarrying operations that employ more than fifty (50) workers shall have at least one (1) licensed mining engineer with at least five (5) years of experience in mining operations, and one (1) registered foreman.

Section 66 Mine Inspection

The regional director shall have exclusive jurisdiction over the safety inspection of all installations, surface or underground, in mining operations at reasonable hours of the day or night and as much as possible in a manner that will not impede or obstruct work in progress of a contractor or permittee.

Section 67 Power to Issue Orders

The mines regional director shall, in consultation with the Environmental Management Bureau, forthwith or within such time as specified in his order, require the contractor to remedy any practice connected with mining or quarrying operations, which is not in accordance with safety and anti-pollution laws and regulations. In case of imminent danger to life or property, the mines regional director may summarily suspend the mining or quarrying operations until the danger is removed, or appropriate measures are taken by the contractor or permittee.

Section 68 Report of Accidents

In case of any incident or accident, causing or creating the danger of loss of life or serious physical injuries, the person in charge of operations shall immediately report the same to the regional office where the operations are situated. Failure to report the same without justifiable reason shall be a cause for the imposition of administrative sanctions prescribed in the rules and regulations implementing this Act.

Section 69 Environmental Protection

Every contractor shall undertake an environmental protection and enhancement program covering the period of the mineral agreement or permit. Such environmental program shall be incorporated in the work program which the contractor or permittee shall submit as an accompanying document to the application for a mineral agreement or permit. The work program shall include not only plans relative to mining operations but also to rehabilitation, regeneration, revegetation and reforestation of mineralized areas, slope stabilization of mined-out and tailings covered areas, aquaculture, watershed development and water conservation; and socioeconomic development.

Section 70 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Except during the exploration period of a mineral agreement or financial or technical assistance agreement or an exploration permit, an environmental clearance certificate shall be required based on an environmental impact assessment and procedures under the Philippine Environmental Impact Assessment System including Sections 26 and 27 of the Local Government Code of 1991 which require national government agencies to maintain ecological balance, and prior consultation with the local government units, non-governmental and people's organizations and other concerned sectors of the community: Provided, That a completed ecological profile of the proposed mining area shall also constitute part of the environmental impact assessment. People's organizations and non-governmental organizations shall be allowed and encouraged to participate in ensuring that contractors/permittees shall observe all the requirements of environmental protection.

Section 71 Rehabilitation

Contractors and permittees shall technically and biologically rehabilitate the excavated, mined-out, tailings covered and disturbed areas to the condition of environmental safety, as may be provided in the implementing rules and regulations of this Act. A mine rehabilitation fund shall be created, based on the contractor's approved work program, and shall be deposited as a trust fund in a government depository bank and used for physical and social rehabilitation of areas and communities affected by mining activities and for research on the social, technical and preventive aspects of rehabilitation. Failure to fulfill the above obligation shall mean immediate suspension or closure of the mining activities of the contractor/permittee concerned.

CHAPTER XII AUXILIARY MINING RIGHTS

Section 72 Timber Rights

Any provision of law to the contrary notwithstanding, a contractor may be granted a right to cut trees or timber within his mining area as may be necessary for his mining operations subject to forestry laws, rules and regulations: Provided, That if the land covered by the mining area is already covered by existing timber concessions, the volume of timber needed and the manner of cutting and removal thereof shall be determined by the mines regional director, upon consultation with the contractor, the timber concessionaire/permittee and the Forest Management Bureau of the Department: Provided, further, That in case of disagreement between the contractor and the timber concessionaire, the matter shall be submitted to the Secretary whose decision shall be final. The contractor shall perform reforestation work within his mining area in accordance with forestry laws, rules and regulations.

Section 73 Water Rights

A contractor shall have water rights for mining operations upon approval of application with the appropriate government agency in accordance with existing water laws, rules and regulations promulgated thereunder: Provided, That water rights already granted or vested through long use, recognized and acknowledged by local customs, laws, and decisions of courts shall not thereby be impaired: Provided, further, That the Government reserves the right to regulate water rights and the reasonable and equitable distribution of water supply so as to prevent the monopoly of the use thereof.

Section 74 Right to Possess Explosives

A contractor/exploration permittee shall have the right to possess and use explosives within his contract/permit area as may be necessary for his mining operations upon approval of application with the appropriate government agency in accordance with existing laws, rules and regulations promulgated thereunder: Provided, That the Government reserves the right to regulate and control the explosive accessories to ensure safe mining operations.

Section 75 Easement Rights

When mining areas are so situated that for purposes of more convenient mining operations it is necessary to build, construct or install on the mining areas or lands owned, occupied or leased by other persons, such infrastructure as roads, railroads, mills, waste dump sites, tailings ponds, warehouses, staging or storage areas and port facilities, tramways, runways, airports, electric transmission, telephone or telegraph lines, dams and their normal flood and catchment areas, sites for water wells, ditches, canals, new river beds, pipelines, flumes, cuts, shafts, tunnels, or mills, the contractor, upon payment of just compensation, shall be entitled to enter and occupy said mining areas or lands.

Section 76 Entry into Private Lands and Concession Areas

Subject to prior notification, holders of mining rights shall not be prevented from entry into private lands and concession areas by surface owners, occupants, or concessionaires when conducting mining operations therein: Provided, That any damage done to the property of the surface owner, occupant, or concessionaire as a consequence of such operations shall be properly compensated as may be provided for in the implementing rules and regulations: Provided, further, That to guarantee such compensation, the person authorized to conduct mining operation shall, prior thereto, post a bond with the regional director based on the type of properties, the prevailing prices in and around the area where the mining operations are to be conducted, with surety or sureties satisfactory to the regional director.

CHAPTER XIII SETTLEMENT OF CONFLICTS

Section 77 Panel of Arbitrators

There shall be a panel of arbitrators in the regional office of the Department composed of three (3) members, two (2) of whom must be members of the Philippine Bar in good standing and one a licensed mining engineer or a professional in a related field, and duly designated by the Secretary as recommended by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau Director. Those designated as members of the panel shall serve as such in addition to their work in the Department without receiving any additional compensation As much as practicable, said members shall come from the different bureaus of the Department in the region. The presiding officer thereof shall be selected by the drawing of lots. His tenure as presiding officer shall be on a yearly basis. The members of the panel shall perform their duties and obligations in hearing and deciding cases until their designation is withdrawn or revoked by the Secretary. Within thirty (30) working days, after the submission of the case by the parties for decision, the panel shall have exclusive and original jurisdiction to hear and decide on the following:

a. Disputes involving rights to mining areas;

b. Disputes involving mineral agreements or permits;

c. Disputes involving surface owners, occupants and claimholders/concessionaires; and

d. Disputes pending before the Bureau and the Department at the date of the effectivity of this Act.

Section 78 Appellate Jurisdiction

The decision or order of the panel of arbitrators may be appealed by the party not satisfied thereto to the Mines Adjudication Board within fifteen (15) days from receipt thereof which must decide the case within thirty (30) days from submission thereof for decision.

Section 79 Mines Adjudication Board

The Mines Adjudication Board shall be composed of three (3) members. The Secretary shall be the chairman with the Director of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau and the Undersecretary for Operations of the Department as members thereof. The Board shall have the following powers and functions:

a. To promulgate rules and regulations governing the hearing and disposition of cases before it, as well as those pertaining to its internal functions, and such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out its functions;

b. To administer oaths, summon the parties to a controversy, issue subpoenas requiring the attendance and testimony of witnesses or the production of such books, papers, contracts, records, statement of accounts, agreements, and other documents as may be material to a just determination of the matter under investigation, and to testify in any investigation or hearing conducted in pursuance of this Act;

c. To conduct hearings on all matters within its jurisdiction, proceed to hear and determine the disputes in the absence of any party thereto who has been summoned or served with notice to appear, conduct its proceedings or any part thereof in public or in private, adjourn its hearings at any time and place, refer technical matters or accounts to an expert and to accept his report as evidence after hearing of the parties upon due notice, direct parties to be joined in or excluded from the proceedings, correct, amend, or waive any error, defect or irregularity, whether in substance or in form, give all such directions as it may deem necessary or expedient in the determination of the dispute before it, and dismiss the mining dispute as part thereof, where it is trivial or where further proceedings by the Board are not necessary or desirable:

1. To hold any person in contempt, directly or indirectly, and impose appropriate penalties therefor; and

2. To enjoin any or all acts involving or arising from any case pending before it which, if not restrained forthwith, may cause grave or irreparable damage to any of the parties to the case or seriously affect social and economic stability.

In any proceeding before the Board, the rules of evidence prevailing in courts of law or equity shall not be controlling and it is the spirit and intention of this Act that shall govern. The Board shall use every and all reasonable means to ascertain the facts in each case speedily and objectively and without regard to technicalities of law or procedure, all in the interest of due process. In any proceeding before the Board, the parties may be represented by legal counsel. The findings of fact of the Board shall be conclusive and binding on the parties and its decision or order shall be final and executory.

A petition for review by certiorari and question of law may be filed by the aggrieved party with the Supreme Court within thirty (30) days from receipt of the order or decision of the Board.

CHAPTER XIV GOVERNMENT SHARE

Section 80 Government Share in Mineral Production Sharing Agreement

The total government share in a mineral production sharing agreement shall be the excise tax on mineral products as provided in Republic Act No. 7729, amending Section 151(a) of the National Internal Revenue Code, as amended.

Section 81 Government Share in Other Mineral Agreements

The share of the Government in co-production and joint-venture agreements shall be negotiated by the Government and the contractor taking into consideration the:

a. capital investment of the project;

b. risks involved;

c. contribution of the project to the economy; and

d. other factors that will provide for a fair and equitable sharing between the Government and the contractor.

The Government shall also be entitled to compensations for its other contributions which shall be agreed upon by the parties, and shall consist, among other things, the contractor's income tax, excise tax, special allowance, withholding tax due from the contractor's foreign stockholders arising from dividend or interest payments to the said foreign stockholders, in case of a foreign national, and all such other taxes, duties and fees as provided for under existing laws.

The Government share in financial or technical assistance agreement shall consist of, among other things, the contractor's corporate income tax, excise tax, special allowance, withholding tax due from the contractor's foreign stockholders arising from dividend or interest payments to the said foreign stockholder in case of a foreign national and all such other taxes, duties and fees as provided for under existing laws.

The collection of Government share in financial or technical assistance agreement shall commence after the financial or technical assistance agreement contractor has fully recovered its pre-operating expenses, exploration, and development expenditures, inclusive.

Section 82 Allocation of Government Share

The Government share as referred to in the preceding sections shall be shared and allocated in accordance with Sections 290 and 292 of Republic Act No. 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991. In case the development and utilization of mineral resources is undertaken by a government-owned or -controlled corporation, the sharing and allocation shall be in accordance with Sections 291 and 292 of the said Code.

CHAPTER XV TAXES AND FEES

Section 83 Income Taxes

After the lapse of the income tax holiday as provided for in the Omnibus Investments Code, the contractor shall be liable to pay income tax as provided in the National Internal Revenue Code, as amended.

Section 84 Excise Tax on Mineral Products

The contractor shall be liable to pay the excise tax on mineral products as provided for under Section 151 of the National Internal Revenue Code: Provided, however, That with respect to a mineral production sharing agreement, the excise tax on mineral products shall be the government share under said agreement.

Section 85 Mine Wastes and Tailings Fees

A semi-annual fee to be known as mine wastes and tailings fee is hereby imposed on all operating mining companies in accordance with the implementing rules and regulations. The mine wastes and tailings fee shall accrue to a reserve fund to be used exclusively for payment for damages to:

a. Lives and personal safety;

b. Lands, agricultural crops and forest products, marine life and aquatic resources, cultural resources; and

c. Infrastructure and the revegetation and rehabilitation of silted farm lands and other areas devoted to agriculture and fishing caused by mining pollution.

This is in addition to the suspension or closure of the activities of the contractor at any time and the penal sanctions imposed upon the same.

The Secretary is authorized to increase mine wastes and tailings fees, when public interest so requires, upon the recommendation of the Director.

Section 86 Occupation Fees

There shall be collected from any holder of a mineral agreement, financial or technical assistance agreement or exploration permit on public or private lands, an annual occupation fee in accordance with the following schedule:

a. For exploration permit - Five pesos (P5.00) per hectare or fraction thereof per annum;

b. For mineral agreements and financial or technical assistance agreements - Fifty pesos (P50.00) per hectare or fraction thereof per annum; and

c. For mineral reservation - One hundred pesos (P100.00) per hectare or fraction thereof per annum.

The Secretary is authorized to increase the occupation fees provided herein when the public interest so requires, upon recommendation of the Bureau Director.

Section 87 Manner of Payment of Fees

The fees shall be paid on the date the mining agreement is registered with the appropriate office and on the same date every year thereafter. It shall be paid to the treasurer of the municipality or city where the onshore mining areas are located, or to the Director in case of offshore mining areas. For this purpose, the appropriate officer shall submit to the treasurer of the municipality or city where the onshore mining area is located, a complete list of all onshore mining rights registered with his office, indicating therein the names of the holders, area in hectares, location, and date registered. If the fee is not paid on the date specified, it shall be increased by twenty-five per centum (25%).

Section 88 Allocation of Occupation Fees

Thirty per centum (30%) of all occupational fees collected from holders of mining rights in onshore mining areas shall accrue to the province and seventy per centum (70%) to the municipality in which the onshore mining areas are located. In a chartered city, the full amount shall accrue to the city concerned.

Section 89 Filing Fees and Other Charges

The Secretary is authorized to charge reasonable filing fees and other charges as he may prescribe in accordance with the implementing rules and regulations.

CHAPTER XVI INCENTIVES

Section 90 Incentives

The contractors in mineral agreements, and financial or technical assistance agreements shall be entitled to the applicable fiscal and non-fiscal incentives as provided for under Executive Order No. 226, otherwise known as the Omnibus Investments Code of 1987. Provided, That holders of exploration permits may register with the Board of Investments and be entitled to the fiscal incentives granted under the said Code for the duration of the permits or extensions thereof: Provided, further, That mining activities shall always be included in the investment priorities plan.

Section 91 Incentives for Pollution Control Devices

Pollution control devices acquired, constructed or installed by contractors shall not be considered as improvements on the land or building where they are placed, and shall not be subject to real property and other taxes or assessments: Provided, however, That payment of mine wastes and tailings fees is not exempted.

Section 92 Income Tax-Carry Forward of Losses

A net operating loss without the benefit of incentives incurred in any of the first ten (10) years of operations may be carried over as a deduction from taxable income for the next five (5) years immediately following the year of such loss. The entire amount of the loss shall be carried over to the first of the five (5) taxable years following the loss, and any portion of such loss which exceeds the taxable income of such first year shall be deducted in like manner from the taxable income of the next remaining four (4) years.

Section 93 Income Tax-Accelerated Depreciation

Fixed assets may be depreciated as follows:

a. To the extent of not more than twice as fast as the normal rate of depreciation or depreciated at normal rate of depreciation if the expected life is ten (10) years or less; or

b. Depreciated over any number of years between five (5) years and the expected life if the latter is more than ten (10) years, and the depreciation thereon allowed as deduction from taxable income: Provided, That the contractor notifies the Bureau of Internal Revenue at the beginning of the depreciation period which depreciation rate allowed by this section will be used.

In computing for taxable income, unless otherwise provided in this Act, the contractor may, at his option, deduct exploration and development expenditures accumulated at cost as of the date of the prospecting or exploration and development expenditures paid or incurred during the taxable year: Provided, That the total amount deductible for exploration and development expenditures shall not exceed twenty-five per centum (25%) of the net income from mining operations. The actual exploration and development expenditures minus the twenty-five per centum (25%) net income from mining shall be carried forward to the succeeding years until fully deducted.

Net income from mining operation is defined as gross income from operations less allowable deductions which are necessary or related to mining operations. Allowable deductions shall include mining, milling and marketing expenses, depreciation of properties directly used in the mining operations. This paragraph shall not apply to expenditures for the acquisition or improvement of property of a character which is subject to the allowances for depreciation.

Section 94 Investment Guarantees

The contractor shall be entitled to the basic rights and guarantees provided in the Constitution and such other rights recognized by the government as enumerated hereunder:

a. Repatriation of investments. The right to repatriate the entire proceeds of the liquidation of the foreign investment in the currency in which the investment was originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of repatriation.

b. Remittance of earnings. The right to remit earnings from the investment in the currency in which the foreign investment was originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of remittance.

c. Foreign loans and contracts. The right to remit at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of remittance such sums as may be necessary to meet the payments of interest and principal on foreign loans and foreign obligations arising from financial or technical assistance contracts.

d. Freedom from expropriation. The right to be free from expropriation by the Government of the property represented by investments or loans, or of the property of the enterprise except for public use or in the interest of national welfare or defense and upon payment of just compensation. In such cases, foreign investors or enterprises shall have the right to remit sums received as compensation for the expropriated property in the currency in which the investment was originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of remittance.

e. Requisition of investment. The right to be free from requisition of the property represented by the investment or of the property of the enterprises except in case of war or national emergency and only for the duration thereof. Just compensation shall be determined and paid either at the time or immediately after cessation of the state of war or national emergency. Payments received as compensation for the requisitioned property may be remitted in the currency in which the investments were originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of remittance.

f. Confidentiality. Any confidential information supplied by the contractor pursuant to this Act and its implementing rules and regulations shall be treated as such by the Department and the Government, and during the term of the project to which it relates.

CHAPTER XVII GROUND FOR CANCELLATION, REVOCATION, AND TERMINATION

Section 95 Late or Non-filing of Requirements

Failure of the permittee or contractor to comply with any of the requirements provided in this Act or in its implementing rules and regulations, without a valid reason, shall be sufficient ground for the suspension of any permit or agreement provided under this Act.

Section 96 Violation of the Terms and Conditions of Permits or Agreements

Violation of the terms and conditions of the permits or agreements shall be a sufficient ground for cancellation of the same.

Section 97 Non-Payment of Taxes and Fees

Failure to pay the taxes and fees due the Government for two (2) consecutive years shall cause the cancellation of the exploration permit, mineral agreement, financial or technical assistance agreement and other agreements and the re-opening of the area subject thereof to new applicants.

Section 98 Suspension or Cancellation of Tar Incentives and Credits

Failure to abide by the terms and conditions of tax incentive and credits shall cause the suspension or cancellation of said incentives and credits.

Section 99 Falsehood or Omission of Facts in the Statement

All statements made in the exploration permit, mining agreement and financial or technical assistance agreement shall be considered as conditions and essential parts thereof and any falsehood in said statements or omission of facts therein which may alter, change or affect substantially the facts set forth in said statements may cause the revocation and termination of the exploration permit, mining agreement and financial or technical assistance agreement.

CHAPTER XVIII ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

Section 100 From Staff Bureau to Line Bureau

The Mines and Geosciences Bureau is hereby transformed into a line bureau consistent with Section 9 of this Act: Provided, That under the Mines and Geosciences Bureau shall be the necessary mines regional, district and other pertinent offices - the number and specific functions of which shall be provided in the implementing rules and regulations of this Act.

CHAPTER XIX PENAL PROVISIONS

Section 101 False Statements

Any person who knowingly presents any false application, declaration, or evidence to the Government or publishes or causes to be published any prospectus or other information containing any false statement relating to mines, mining operations or mineral agreements, financial or technical assistance agreements and permits shall, upon conviction, be penalized by a fine of not exceeding Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00).

Section 102 Illegal Exploration

Any person undertaking exploration work without the necessary exploration permit shall, upon conviction, be penalized by a fine of not exceeding Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00).

Section 103 Theft of Minerals

Any person extracting minerals and disposing the same without a mining agreement, lease, permit, license, or steals minerals or ores or the products thereof from mines or mills or processing plants shall, upon conviction, be imprisoned from six (6) months to six (6) years or pay a fine from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) or both, at the discretion of the appropriate court. In addition, he shall be liable to pay damages and compensation for the minerals removed, extracted, and disposed of. In the case of associations, partnerships, or corporations, the president and each of the directors thereof shall be responsible for the acts committed by such association, corporation, or partnership.

Section 104 Destruction of Mining Structures

Any person who willfully destroys or damages structures in or on the mining area or on the mill sites shall, upon conviction, be imprisoned for a period not to exceed five (5) years and shall, in addition, pay compensation for the damages which may have been caused thereby.

Section 105 Mines Arson

Any person who willfully sets fire to any mineral stockpile, mine or workings, fittings or a mine, shall be guilty of arson and shall be punished, upon conviction, by the appropriate court in accordance with the provisions of the Revised Penal Code and shall, in addition, pay compensation for the damages caused hereby.

Section 106 Willful Damage to a Mine

Any person who willfully damages a mine, unlawfully causes water to run into a mine, or obstructs any shaft or passage to a mine, or renders useless, damages or destroys any machine, appliance, apparatus, rope, chain, tackle, or any other things used in a mine, shall be punished, upon conviction, by the appropriate court, by imprisonment not exceeding a period of five (5) years and shall, in addition, pay compensation for the damages caused thereby.

Section 107 Illegal Obstruction to Permittees or Contractors

Any person who, without justifiable cause, prevents or obstructs the holder of any permit, agreement or lease from undertaking his mining operations shall be punished, upon conviction by the appropriate court, by a fine not exceeding Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) or imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year, or both, at the discretion of the court.

Section 108 Violation of the Terms and Conditions of the Environmental Compliance Certificate

Any person who willfully violates or grossly neglects to abide by the terms and conditions of the environmental compliance certificate issued to said person and which causes environmental damage through pollution shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of six (6) months to six (6) years or a fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00), or both, at the discretion of the court.

Section 109 Illegal Obstruction to Government Officials

Any person who illegally prevents or obstructs the Secretary, the Director or any of their representatives in the performance of their duties under the provisions of this Act and of the regulations promulgated hereunder shall be punished upon conviction, by the appropriate court, by a fine not exceeding Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) or by imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year, or both, at the discretion of the court.

Section 110 Other Violations

Any other violation of this Act and its implementing rules and regulations shall constitute an offense punishable with a fine not exceeding Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00).

Section 111 Fines

The Secretary is authorized to charge fines for late or non-submission of reports in accordance with the implementing rules and regulations of this Act.

CHAPTER XX TRANSITORY AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 112 Non-Impairment of Existing Mining/Quarrying Rights

All valid and existing mining lease contracts, permits/licenses, leases pending renewal, mineral production-sharing agreements granted under Executive Order No. 279, at the date of effectivity of this Act, shall remain valid, shall not be impaired, and shall be recognized by the Government: Provided, That the provisions of Chapter XIV on government share in mineral production-sharing agreement and of Chapter XVI on incentives of this Act shall immediately govern and apply to a mining lessee or contractor unless the mining lessee or contractor indicates his intention to the secretary, in writing, not to avail of said provisions: Provided, further, That no renewal of mining lease contracts shall be made after the expiration of its term: Provided, finally, That such leases, production-sharing agreements, financial or technical assistance agreements shall comply with the applicable provisions of this Act and its implementing rules and regulations.

Section 113 Recognition of Valid and Existing Mining Claims and Lease/Quarry Applications

Holders of valid and existing mining claims, lease/quarry applications shall be given preferential rights to enter into any mode of mineral agreement with the government within two (2) years from the promulgation of the rules and regulations implementing this Act.

Section 114 Separability Clause

If any of the provision of this Act is held or declared to be unconstitutional or invalid by a competent court, the other provisions hereof shall continue to be in force as if the provision so annulled or voided had never been incorporated in this Act.

Section 115 Repealing and Amending Clause

All laws, executive orders, presidential decrees, rules and regulations or parts thereof which are inconsistent with any of the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed or amended accordingly.

Section 116 Effectivity Clause

This Act shall take effect thirty (30) days following its complete publication in two (2) newspapers of general circulation in the Philippines.

Approved,

EDGARDO J. ANGARA President of the Senate

JOSE DE VENECIA, JR. Speaker of the House of Representatives

This Act which is a consolidation of House Bill No. 10816 and Senate Bill No. 1639 was finally passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate on February 20, 1995.

EDGARDO E. TUMANGAN Secretary of Senate

CAMILO L. SABIO Secretary General House of Represenatives

Approved: MARCH 03 1995

FIDEL V. RAMOS President of the Philippines

[joesbrownusa]

Houses For Sale in Westfield, NY

52 N Gale St, Westfield, NY

Price: $110000

If you are looking for a home that has potential and flexible space, this one”s for you. The property was converted from a four bedroom to a two bedroom with an upstairs apartment. It could easily be converted back to a four bedroom by removing the kitchenette and upstairs laundry hookups. The multiple barns could be utilized for livestock or garage space. The brick home is situated on 1.4 acres with mature trees and is very private. At the rear of the house there is a cement patio for enjoying the outdoors and is fenced in to allow your dogs to run.

8641 W Route 20, Westfield, NY

Price: $129000

NEW PRICE Looking for a little land and a spacious home, yet close to town? Well look no further ! This 5 bedroom farmhouse sits on 2.1 acres and has the beautiful sought after features of solid wood doors and cucumber wood floors, yet has been updated with Vinyl siding and all new replacement windows for ease of living . The trim and moldings have been striped of paint to show the beautiful original wood. There are FIVE bedrooms and 2.5 bathsplenty of room for family and guests. The kitchen is large and even has room for an eat in area. Outside you have a large porch with views of L ake Erie and watching trains passing by on those breezy Summer evenings. There are a large variety of luscious fruit trees, a veggie garden bed ,and plenty of mature perennials . You have a 2 story barn that give you even more space for storage, equipment, farm animals, etc. Take a tour of this homeit may be just what you have been looking for. Oh and it even has central A/C and Gas and/or Wood heating!

121 Jefferson St, Westfield, NY

Price: $76900

This 3 Bedroom 2 bath home is located in the charming village of Westfield. If you are looking for a home to raise your family this is it! The homeowners have done the upgrading to the home such as new roof, wiring, breaker box and painting. All you need to do is go in and make it your dream home. The kids will enjoy the family friendly neighborhood, with plenty of playmates around, and the close distance the house is to the school and playground. The parents will like the idea that they can walk to all the school functions, instead of spending precious time looking for parking. This ho me has a wonderful eat in kitchen, large dining room for all those family holidays and 3 good size Bedrooms. This home has it all great house, great price, great location.

61 N Portage St, Westfield, NY

Price: $107000

Investors take note!! Come see this very large Multi-Family home in the heart of Westfield. This home has had a very solid rental income for many many years. Each unit has it”s own furnace, hot water tank, and laundry area. The owner pays for electric, water, and sewer. Each tenant pays their own gas bill. This home was once a Dr”s office and could be converted back to a single family home. Unit 1 and unit 2 has a 1 bed, 1 bath set up. Unit 3 is very large with 4 beds and 2 full baths as well as a couple of rooms for storage or a den. There is also a large basement. Outside you will e njoy the nice trees and plantings.very well done. There also is a huge 2 car garage in the back of the house with extra parking for guests. So to recap..large multi-family home that could be a single family or a building for commercial use, excellent rental history, and a nice location close to all that Westfield and area has to offer. There are plenty of Shoppes , Cultural events, Library, Farmers Market, Chautauqua Institution, Lake Erie beaches and of course the Wine Trail nearby. Make your important appointment today!!!

108 S Portage St, Westfield, NY

Price: $295000

This eye-catching, Victorian Eclectic mansion was built of native materials for industrialist George P York, circa 1876. The brick constructed home was carefully and respectfully restored by Col. David R. Correll during his retirement.The home exhibits elegant proportions, superior wood craftsmanship, fine hardware, artful floors, grand doorways, generous hallways and a sweeping curved staircase. A stone terrace is tucked just beyond the dining room’s exterior door. The two acre setting features many flowering trees and ornamental beds. An old railbed runs along the western propert y line and that path offers direct access to Chautauqua Creek gorge.The structure is well insulated and the original windows have custom thermopane glass. Electric and plumbing meets current standard. The full basement is graced by curved brick arches and has both inside and outside access.The full attic was used as a carpentry shop and is equipped with a pulley system to lift materials from ground level Two curved driveways serve the property and a porte cochere offers protection from the elements.The property also contains a two story, wood sided carriage house and a brick utility shed. The property will be unavailable for showing from May 13 through May 23.

6999 Finley Rd, Westfield, NY

Price: $99900

” great hunting camp ” once was a amish home stead. about $50,000.00 in current timber value, with small pond / feed plots for white tail / turkey / black bear. outbuildings in real good shap. this will be a land sale with buildings included , nice stand of maples/ cherry / on the property. hunters dream property. would use propane or wood for heat “click on a picture for more pictures

127 Union St, Westfield, NY

Price: $43000

Bank has agreed to sell as short sale. This Home could be the House of your dreams with some TLC and lots of work, it has a loads of potential. Great neighborhood to raise your children near Welch Field,

508 Edgewater Dr, Westfield, NY

Price: $59900

Lakefront 2 bedroom, 2 full bathroom condo right on Beautiful Lake Erie. Some of the best sunsets you will ever see! You have your own private association beach. Swimming pool, and tennis courts too. There’s a great club house to reserve for family reunions, parties, etc. This condominium is coming furnished so all you have to do is move in and enjoy.

9036 Shore Dr, Westfield, NY

Price: $175000

Lakefront cottage with great lake views. Large deck across the front of home for your outside entertaining. Two community beaches. Garage for all your lake toys. Shore Haven is a great community with good neighbors. Sold as is.

56 N Portage St, Westfield, NY

Price: $95000

HOME BEING SOLD TO SETTLE ESTATE. Lovely historic home with good bones located in the mixed use district. Looking for owner who will give it the TLC it needs. Ideal for owner looking to have an office/business or to have an apartment or in-law suite. Easy walk to village. At one time this was a doctor’s home and office.

7080 Munson Rd, Westfield, NY

Price: $90000

Enjoy a comfortable lifestyle in this 1,368 sq. ft. 3 bedroom, 2 ½ bath Dutch Colonial home. There’s just the right amount of space in the traditional living room with wood floors and plenty of windows to let in the sunlight and enjoy the surrounding scenery. Entertain family and friends in the large dining area off the kitchen. You’ll appreciate the over sized attached one car garage. Master suite with full bath is conveniently located on the first floor and features a large deck. The fenced in backyard is perfect for kids and your family pet. Home has been nicely maintaine d, recent updates/upgrades include new roof in 2016, updated windows, newer furnace with humidifier, garage door. Call to schedule your private showing!

51 Washington St, Westfield, NY

Price: $75000

Stylings of yesteryear! This classic brick victorian home offers a small in-law apartment in the back, so nice to have for family needs! There is a full basement and full attic and so much in-between!!! The first floor boasts a cozy family room with fireplace, den or office, a formal living room and formal dining room, as well as the kitchen, half bath and laundry area. Upstairs are 4 bedrooms, a full bathroom and a small sitting porch at the end of the bedroom hallway! The small apartment in the back of the house has 3 rooms and a bathroom. There are hardwood floors in several rooms an d lovely woodwork. The dining room has natural wood panels below the chair rail, a built in hutch/serving buffet and an open-close serving window that passes through to the kitchen. A wonderful side porch is perfect for relaxing and viewing the deep backyard that extends back 246’ with some nice shade trees! Lots of room! A nice, solid,charming home! Homes are just not built like this any more! The details in the structure, layout, wide hallways, trim and woodwork are impressive. Structurally sturdy and well built, with fine details, this home just needs of bit of updating and some small repairs, mostly in the in-law apartment. Truly a home you can be proud of!

1101 Edgewater Dr #M1, Westfield, NY

Price: $124900

Move-in ready, fantastic, first floor, 2 Bedroom, 2 Bath Lakefront condo. Totally renovated with many unique features. Porch has been integrated into living room/dining room and features Anderson windows, custom curtains and shades. Living room has brand new stone fireplace. Gourmet kitchen with quartz counter tops, new tall cabinets,overhead and under cabinet lighting and lake views from sink. There is central air conditioning with a state of the art Mitsubishi unit. Radiant heated floors in master bath. Extra insulation in floors and walls keep you cool in summer and warm in winter. N ew hot water heater and shower enclosure. This condo is a rare find and won’t last long! Call to see today!!

402 Edgewater Dr, Westfield, NY

Price: $78500

Enjoy the comfort of Edgewater Condominium living with this newly painted first floor two bedrooms/ two bathroom unit. Enclosed sun room allows for amazing year round Lake Erie views. Edgewater living includes a 24/7 maintenance staff for peace of mind enjoyment., Amenities include a pool, fitness center, and community room with kitchen, beach and 50 acres to roam. Edgewater is one of the best-kept secrets for affordable Lake Erie lakefront living.

402 Edgewater Dr, Westfield, NY

Price: $78500

Enjoy the comfort of Edgewater Condominium living with this newly painted first floor two bedrooms/ two bathroom unit. Enclosed sun room allows for amazing year round Lake Erie views. Edgewater living includes a 24/7 maintenance staff for peace of mind enjoyment., Amenities include a pool, fitness center, and community room with kitchen, beach and 50 acres to roam. Edgewater is one of the best-kept secrets for affordable Lake Erie lakefront living.

604 Edgewater Dr #604-G, Westfield, NY

Price: $34900

This Condo located at 604 Edgewater Drive #604-G, Westfield, NY is currently for sale and has been listed on theochomesearch for 19 days. This property is listed by Listing Agent for $34,900. 604 Edgewater Dr #604-G has 1 bed, 1 bath, and approximately 480 square feet. The price per square foot is $73. The property was built in 1985. 604 Edgewater Dr #604-G is in the 14787 ZIP code in Westfield, NY.

7042 Walker Rd, Westfield, NY

Price: $115000

Wonderful 3 Bedroom home on a 1 acre lot located in town of Westfield, this house is in good condition, the owner was a master craftsman and he did much of the work himself. The large kitchen has gorgeous tiger maple cabinets that the owner built and installed , the kitchen also has plenty of counter space and a large window over the sink that has a wonderful view of the nearby vineyards,the dining room is attached with plenty of room for a large table and buffet. There is a 13×20 living room with Hardwood floors,a first floor bedroom and a large 10×12 full bathroom. On the second floor there are 2 more bedrooms, the master bedroom is 14×22 and the third bedroom is 10×13 both with HW floors, there is also a large hallway area that the owner uses as a office. Men your dream has come true on the property there is a large out building – Garage which has a wood working shop with a long carpenters bench that was made out of lanes from a local bowling alley plus there is a basement in the garage that the owner has his repair shop that he would maintain his farm equipment and family cars, also included in this building there is a 1 car garage to park the family car all area of the building have electric and are heated.

22 1st St, Westfield, NY

Price: $149900

This stunning home located in the village of Westfield is truly one of a kind. Lovingly and tastefully restored and updated with impeccable attention to detail, this home offers the elegance and majestic allure of a historic home with all the amenities and conveniences of a modern lifestyle. Tasteful colors throughout, no wallpaper! Enter into the impressive front hall with its tall ceiling, gorgeous hardwood floors, and beautiful original banister. To the right is the formal living room, featuring an impressive bay window and original fireplace with woodburning insert. Formal dining ro om is roomy enough for all your family and friends to gather, a glorious vintage chandelier (negotiable) sparkling overhead. The kitchen has been completely redone with custom cabinets, slate tile floor with radiant floor heat, unique rustic wood eating counter, and stainless steel appliances. At one end is a perfect nook for a computer/work space. A cozy den off the kitchen features a gas stove for cozy winters, and a lovely view of the verdant back yard. A mudroom/laundry room is conveniently located between the den and the attached garage. Finishing off the first floor is a half-bath and a bedroom, which could also be a den or office. Ascend the grand front staircase or a second staircase from the back of the house. Off the spacious upstairs landing are 3 bedrooms and a large full bath. In its own wing is the newly added master bedroom with walk in closet and its own full bath. The full-height basement is clean and dry and offers ample storage. New (2015) high-efficiency boiler. Park-like flower-filled back yard oasis invites outdoor entertaining or just relaxing. Close to everything Westfield has to offer, including fine restaurants, antique shops, art galleries, a wonderful library, bustling farmer’s market, golf, biking, horseback riding, great fishing, & 26 wineries nearby. Also close to Lake Erie beaches & marina, Chautauqua Lake, and Chautauqua Institution.

1101 Edgewater Dr #M-1, Westfield, NY

Price: $124900

Move-in ready, fantastic, first floor, 2 Bedroom, 2 Bath Lakefront condo. Totally renovated with many unique features. The porch has been integrated into living room/dining room and features Anderson windows, custom curtains, and shades. The living room has a brand new stone fireplace. Gourmet kitchen with quartz counter tops, new tall cabinets, overhead and under cabinet lighting and lake views fro the sink. There is central air conditioning with a state of the art Mitsubishi unit. Radiant heated floors in master bath. Extra insulation in floors and walls keep you cool in summer and wa rm in winter. New hot water heater and shower enclosure. This condo is a rare find and won’t last long! Call to see today!

8323 Forest Ave, Westfield, NY

Price: $39900

Due to the original structure being a 1976 mobile home with the house built around it, it has to be a cash only sale. All offers must be done on bank contract. Proof of funds must be with all offers.

from Houses For Sale – The OC Home Search http://www.theochomesearch.com/houses-for-sale-in-westfield-ny/ from OC Home Search https://theochomesearch.tumblr.com/post/158129825600